Journal articles: 'B.C.-220 A.A'

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Nwe, Thida San, Matthana Khangkhamano, Lek Sikong, and Kalayanee Kooptanond. "The Effect of Temperature and Time on the Formation of TiO₂ (B) Nanowires via Hydrothermal Method." Solid State Phenomena 280 (August 2018): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.280.15.

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TiO2(B) nanowires were prepared at 170 °C, 200 °C and 220 °C for 24 h via hydrothermal synthesis to evaluate the effect of temperature on phase composition and morphologies. The effect of reaction time: 24 and 72 h on the formation was also studied at 170 °C. All samples were calcined in air at 400 °C for 2 h. Phase identification was performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and morphologies was examined by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). It was found that hydrothermal temperature and time played an important role in defining TiO2phase composition and its morphology. For 24 h hydrothermal synthesis, at low temperature of 170 °C, anatase TiO2nanoparticles were formed, while at higher temperature of 200 and 220 °C, TiO2(B) nanowires with averaged diameter of 49 nm and several micrometers in length were produced. Interestingly at 170 °C, by increasing reaction time to 72 h, anatase TiO2nanoparticles were completely transformed to TiO2(B) nanowires with averaged diameter of 74 nm and 2-4 micrometers in length.

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Bender, Timothy, Andrea Daamen, and Shawn Fahl. "c-Myb coordinates survival and expression of key signaling components required for the pre-BCR checkpoint (HEM1P.220)." Journal of Immunology 194, no. 1_Supplement (May 1, 2015): 50.3. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.194.supp.50.3.

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Abstract The c-Myb transcription factor is abundantly expressed during B cell development and is down regulated as the cells mature. We targeted Myb in mice with loxP sites (Mybf/f). By crossing these mice to other strains that direct Cre expression to different stages of B cell development (Rag1-cre, Mb1-cre, CD19-cre) we are able to assess subsequent B-lineage maturation. In Mybf/f Mb1-cre mice, c-Myb is required for B cell differentiation beyond the pre-pro-B cell stage and survival of CD19+ pro-B cells. c-Myb controls survival of pro-B cells by suppression of the proapoptotic factors Bmf and Bim. We find that IL-7 signaling represses the expression of Bmf and Bim. c-Myb controls the expression of CD127 but forced expression of CD127 is not sufficient to repress Bmf and Bim or rescue survival of c-Myb deficient pro-B cells. Examination of negative mediators of IL-7 signaling revealed increased SOCS3 mRNA in c-Myb deficient pro-B cells and forced expression of SOCS3 suppressed proliferation and survival of CD19+ pro-B cells in the presence of IL-7. Surprisingly, Mybf/f CD19-cre Bcl2-Tg mice contain severely reduced large and small pre-B cell compartments. Examination of mRNA expression in these cells revealed that c-Myb controls expression of key regulators of the pre-BCR checkpoint, including CD127, lambda-5, cyclin D3 and Cxcr4. c-Myb coordinates survival in pro-B cells with the expression of key components of the signaling pathways that drive the pro-B to pre-B cell transition.

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de Braud, Filippo, Jean-Pascal H. Machiels, Daniela Boggiani, Sylvie W. H. Rottey, Matteo Duca, Marie Laruelle, Stefania Salvagni, et al. "A Phase 1 Study of mTORC1/2 Inhibitor BI 860585 as a Single Agent or with Exemestane or Paclitaxel in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors." Cancers 12, no. 6 (May 31, 2020): 1425. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers12061425.

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This phase 1 trial (NCT01938846) determined the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of the mTOR serine/threonine kinase inhibitor, BI 860585, as monotherapy and with exemestane or paclitaxel in patients with advanced solid tumors. This 3+3 dose-escalation study assessed BI 860585 monotherapy (5–300 mg/day; Arm A), BI 860585 (40–220 mg/day; Arm B) with 25 mg/day exemestane, and BI 860585 (80–220 mg/day; Arm C) with 60–80 mg/m2/week paclitaxel, in 28-day cycles. Primary endpoints were the number of patients with dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) in cycle 1 and the MTD. Forty-one, 25, and 24 patients were treated (Arms A, B, and C). DLTs were observed in four (rash (n = 2), elevated alanine aminotransferase/aspartate aminotransferase, diarrhea), four (rash (n = 3), stomatitis, and increased gamma-glutamyl transferase), and two (diarrhea, increased blood creatine phosphokinase) patients in cycle 1. The BI 860585 MTD was 220 mg/day (Arm A) and 160 mg/day (Arms B and C). Nine patients achieved an objective response (Arm B: Four partial responses (PRs); Arm C: Four PRs; one complete response). The disease control rate was 20%, 28%, and 58% (Arms A, B, and C). The most frequent treatment-related adverse events (AEs) were hyperglycemia (54%) and diarrhea (39%) (Arm A); diarrhea (40%) and stomatitis (40%) (Arm B); fatigue (58%) and diarrhea (58%) (Arm C). The MTD was determined in all arms. Antitumor activity was observed with BI 860585 monotherapy and in combination with exemestane or paclitaxel.

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Hsu, Cho-yun, Denis Twitchett, and Michael Loewe. "The Cambridge History of China, Volume 1: The Ch'in and Han Empires, 221 B. C.-A. D. 220." Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 48, no. 2 (December 1988): 535. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2719321.

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Goodrich, Chauncey S., Denis Twitchett, and Michael Loewe. "The Cambridge History of China. Volume One: The Ch'in and Han Empires, 221 B. C.-A. D. 220." Journal of the American Oriental Society 108, no. 3 (July 1988): 457. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/603867.

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Greenwood, R., Y. Shimizu, G. S. Sekhon, and R. DeMars. "Novel allele-specific, post-translational reduction in HLA class I surface expression in a mutant human B cell line." Journal of Immunology 153, no. 12 (December 15, 1994): 5525–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.153.12.5525.

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Abstract Human B cell line .220 has a novel defect in HLA class I cell surface expression. Mutant .220 was derived from .184TGr, from which both copies of HLA-A and -B are deleted, and has less surface HLA-C than .184TGr. Transfer of class I genes into .220 revealed allele-specific reductions in surface expression: HLA-A1 and -B8 were 1 to 21% of normal; HLA-A11, -A24, and -B5 were moderately reduced; and HLA-A2, -A3, and -B7 were reduced little, if at all. Class I mRNA in .220(A1) and .220(B8) transferents is normal in size and at least normal in quantity. Surface expression of class I molecules was restored by fusing .220 transferents with mutant .174, which lacks the TAP-1 and -2 genes needed for transport of class I-binding peptides. Fusion of .220(A1) cells with beta 2-microglobulin-deficient Daudi cells also fully restored surface expression of class I molecules encoded by both parental cells, indicating beta 2-microglobulin is functional in .220. Pulse-chase experiments showed transgene-encoded HLA-A1 and -B8 alpha-chains are made in apparently normal amounts and associate with beta 2-microglobulin in .220. However, post-translational processing of the HLA-A1 and -B8 molecules is retarded in or before the Golgi apparatus, and immunoprecipitable HLA-A1 molecules disappear after their synthesis. The effects of these abnormalities on surface expression of class I molecules were reversed by incubating .220(A1) and .220(B8) cells at 21 degrees C, which greatly increased the amounts of cell surface HLA-A1 and -B8.

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Suri, Intan Fajar, Jong Ho Kim, Byantara Darsan Purusatama, Go Un Yang, Denni Prasetia, Seung Hwan Lee, Wahyu Hidayat, Fauzi Febrianto, Byung Ho Park, and Nam Hun Kim. "Comparison of the color and weight change in Paulownia tomentosa and Pinus koraiensis wood heat-treated in hot oil and hot air." BioResources 16, no. 3 (June 21, 2021): 5574–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.16.3.5574-5585.

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Color changes were tested and compared for heat-treated Paulownia tomentosa and Pinus koraiensis wood treated with hot oil or hot air for further utilization of these species. Hot oil and hot air treatments were conducted at 180, 200, and 220 °C for 1, 2, and 3 h. Heat-treated wood color changes were determined using the CIE-Lab color system. Weight changes of the wood before and after heat treatment were also determined. The weight of the oil heat-treated wood increased considerably but it decreased in air heat-treated wood. The oil heat-treated samples showed a greater decrease in lightness (L*) than air heat-treated samples. A significant change in L* was observed in Paulownia tomentosa. The red/green chromaticity (a*) of both wood samples increased at 180 and 200 °C and slightly decreased at 220 °C. The yellow/blue chromaticity (b*) in both wood samples increased at 180 °C, but it rapidly decreased with increasing treatment durations at 200 and 220 °C. The overall color change (ΔE*) in both heat treatments increased with increasing temperature, being higher in Paulownia tomentosa than in Pinus koraiensis. In conclusion, oil heat treatment reduced treatment duration and was a more effective method than air heat treatment in improving wood color.

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Ma, Wen Wee, Elaine Tat Lam, Grace K. Dy, Jennifer Robinson Diamond, Yujie Zhao, Lynne A. Bui, Gerald J. Fetterly, et al. "A pharmacokinetic and dose-escalating study of paclitaxel injection concentrate for nano-dispersion (PICN) alone and with carboplatin in patients with advanced solid tumors." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2013): 2557. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.2557.

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2557 Background: PICN is a novel Cremaphor-free composite of paclitaxel nano-particles stabilized with polymer and lipid using Nanotecton Technology. The MTD of PICN alone was previously determined to be 295 mg/m2 iv every 3 weeks in a South Asian population. This study aimed to determine the pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of PICN alone and with carboplatin (C), and the MTD of PICN plus C. Methods: Patients (pt) with advanced solid malignancies and ECOG PS 0-1 were eligible. Part A was a PK study designed to examine cohorts of 3 pts, receiving PICN over 30 min at dose levels of 175, 260, and 295 mg/m2 every 3 weeks; PK were performed at pre-determined time-points. Part B used a ‘3+3’ dose escalation scheme, designed to determine the MTD of PICN (220, 260, and 295 mg/m2) when combined with C at AUC 6. Only standard anti-emetic pre-medications were used. Adverse events (AEs) were graded using CTCAE 4.0 and tumor response by RECIST 1.1. Results: A total of 18 evaluable pts (9 in Part A, 9 in Part B) were enrolled from 2 US academic centers. No infusion reactions were observed with PICN. No dose limiting toxicity (DLT) was observed in Part A. In Part B, the DLTs were G3 febrile neutropenia and G4 thrombocytopenia requiring platelet transfusion at PICN 260/C AUC 6. A total of 6 pts were treated at PICN 220/C AUC 6 with no DLT. G3 or worse AEs for all cycles were as follow: Part A, bilateral lower extremity weakness, neuropathy, anorexia and neutropenia; Part B, anemia, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia and empyema. Partial responses were observed in biliary(Part A; PICN 260 mg/m2), breast (Part B 220/6) and anal cancers (Part B 260/6). PK analysis showed dose-proportional increase in total plasma paclitaxel level. Conclusions: PICN alone was tolerable in the dose range evaluated. When administered with C AUC 6, the MTD of PICN was 220 mg/m2 administered every 3 weeks. Anti-cancer activity was observed in biliary, breast, and anal cancers. Final PK, toxicity and efficacy data of PICN alone and with C will be presented at the conference. Clinical trial information: NCT01304303.

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Leitich, Johannes, Ingeborg Heise, and Kurt Schaffner. "The reaction of some endo-5-acetyl norborn-2-enes with benzene thiol: a thermally induced non-allylic [1,3]-acetyl shift, as anticipated by a photochemical precedent." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 73, no. 11 (November 1, 1995): 1785–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v95-220.

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The thermal reaction of benzene thiol with rac-1-(4aS*,5R*,8S*,8aR*-5,8-methano-1,2,3,4,4a,5,8,8a-octahydro-4a-naphthyl)ethanone (10b), an endo-5-acetylnorborn-2-ene with a particularly close distance between one olefinic carbon and the keto carbon, and with its 8aS* epimer 10a, has been investigated. Besides the conventional unrearranged adducts 16a, b and 17a, b of the thiol to the C=C bonds of 10a, b, an adduct 18 was formed from 10b that involved a [1,3]-acetyl shift; no other products were formed. The dependence of adduct ratios on thiol concentration is consistent with two competing reactions of an intermediate radical 14b formed by addition of thiyl radical to the C=C bond of 10b, namely, abstraction of hydrogen from thiol (which is the conventional reaction path) vs. intramolecular attack of the radical on the keto group inducing the [1,3] shift of the latter. This shift constitutes an intramolecular variety of the known alkyl transposition reaction of ketones initiated by a reversible attack of an alkyl radical on a keto carbonyl group to generate an intermediate tert-alkoxyl radical; however, it is very much faster than the intermolecular reaction and corresponds to an effective molarity between 107 and 1010. These findings have a bearing on the mechanism of photorearrangements homologous to the ODPM (oxa-di-π-methane) photorearrangement, such as ODPE (oxa-di-π-ethane) and higher homologues, in that they support a two-step mechanism involving this type of acyl shift. Keywords: oxadi-π-methane photorearrangement; oxadi-π-ethane photorearrangement; acetyl shift, non-allylic [1,3]; thiol, addition to C=C bonds; norbornenes.

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Kumar, Krishan, Aradhita Barmanray, and Shiv Kumar. "Shelf-Life Studies on Osmo-Air Dried White Button Mushroom (Agaricus Bisporus L.)." Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science Journal 5, no. 2 (May 22, 2017): 144–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/crnfsj.5.2.11.

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White button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus L.) was subjected to osmotic dehydration at different concentrations of common salt (sodium chloride) i.e. 10, 15, 20 and 25% and sugar solution i. e. 50, 60 and 70°B and dried in hot-air oven at 55 ± 2 °C. There were about 31.2, 29.4, 27.2 and 24.4% reduction in weight with 10, 15, 20 and 25% salt solutions and 35.4, 38.3 and 38.8% with 50, 60 and 70°B sugar solution respectively. It took about 240, 220, 200 and 180 minutes to dry samples after osmotic treatment with 10, 15, 20 and 25% salt concentration and 240, 220 and 220 minutes with 50, 60 and 70°B sugar solution respectively. The untreated samples took about 340 minutes for complete drying. The colour was brighter for samples dried after OT with 25% salt and 70°B sugar concentrations having lowest optical density (OD) values. The dried products were packed in 200 gauge polypropylene bags and stored at ambient condition for one year. The chemical, microbial and organoleptic changes were monitored for one year. Storage study showed that there was marginal increase in moisture content and decrease in organoleptic quality of osmoa-air dried (OAD) mushroom slices. The samples dried after osmosis with 25% salt and 70°B sugar concentrations were found microbiologically safe and organoleptically acceptable up to one year of storage at ambient condition.

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Billows, Richard A., F. W. Walbank, A. E. Astin, M. W. Frederiksen, R. M. Ogilvie, and A. Drummond. "The Cambridge Ancient History, VII Part 2: The Rise of Rome to 220 B. C." Phoenix 46, no. 2 (1992): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1088481.

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Golberg, D., P. Dorozhkin, Y. Bando, M. Hasegawa, and Z. C. Dong. "`Semiconducting B–C–N nanotubes with few layers [Chemical Physics Letters 359 (2002) 220–228]'." Chemical Physics Letters 362, no. 3-4 (August 2002): 353. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0009-2614(02)01079-5.

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Rajaraman, G., P. Murthi, S. P. Brennecke, and B. Kalionis. "220. Homeobox gene HLX is a regulator of HGF/c-met mediated trophoblast migration." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 20, no. 9 (2008): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/srb08abs220.

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Homeobox gene transcription factors play critical roles in normal placental development and are expressed in specialised trophoblast cells. Abnormal trophoblast cell function is associated with pregnancy disorders including fetal growth restriction. Our studies show homeobox gene HLX expression in trophoblast cells (1) and that HLX is significantly decreased in fetal growth restriction (2). HLX gene inactivation in cultured trophoblast cells shows that HLX is a regulator of cytokine-dependent trophoblast proliferation (3). Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) activates trophoblast cell migration in a paracrine fashion and its receptor, c-met, is expressed in trophoblast cells. This study investigates the regulation of HGF/c-met mediated trophoblast migration by HLX, in two human trophoblast cell lines SGHPL-4 and HTR-8/SVNeo. HGF stimulation significantly increased HLX mRNA expression (e.g. 43.2 ± 2.5, HGF v. 18.4 ± 1.7 control, densitometric units, P < 0.001, n = 3). siRNA-mediated inactivation of HLX resulted in significantly decreased trophoblast migration (e.g. 32 ± 4, siRNA v. 127 ± 12 control, migrated cells, P < 0.05, n = 4). When HLX was inactivated in the presence of HGF stimulation, migration remained significantly decreased (e.g. 112 ± 15, siRNA + HGF v. 368 ± 44 HGF, migrated cells, P < 0.05, n = 4). In order to determine if HGF is acting via the c-met receptor, the Met tyrosine kinase inhibitor, SU11274, was employed to inhibit c-met activity. c-met inhibition resulted in significantly reduced HLX mRNA expression (e.g. 2.1 ± 0.32, SU11274 v. 12.3 ± 1.4 control, densitometric units, P < 0.05, n = 3). HLX expression remained significantly reduced with HGF stimulation and SU11274 mediated c-met inhibition (e.g. 8.02 ± 1.3, SU11274 v. 38.3 ± 5.4 HGF, densitometric units, P < 0.05, n = 3). This is the first study to show that homeobox gene HLX is a downstream effector gene of HGF, that HLX regulates trophoblast migration and that HGF, via its receptor c-met, acts through HLX to control cell migration. (1) Rajaraman G, Murthi P, Quinn L, Brennecke SP, Kalionis B. Homeodomain protein HLX is expressed primarily in cytotrophoblast cell types in the early human placenta. (2008) Reproduction, Fertility a (2) Murthi P, Doherty V, Said J, Donath S, Brennecke SP, Kalionis B. Homeobox gene HLX1 expression is decreased in idiopathic human fetal growth restriction. (2006) Am J Pathol. 2006 Feb;168(2):511–8. (3) Rajaraman G, Murthi P, Leo B, Brennecke SP, Kalionis B. Homeobox gene HLX1 is a regulator of colony stimulating factor-1 dependent cell proliferation. (2007) Placenta Volume 28, Issue 10, October

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Bytner, Olga, Michał Drożdżek, Agnieszka Laskowska, and Janusz Zawadzki. "Temperature, Time, and Interactions between Them in Relation to Colour Parameters of Black Poplar (Populus nigra L.) Thermally Modified in Nitrogen Atmosphere." Materials 15, no. 3 (January 21, 2022): 824. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15030824.

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Thermal modification of wood in nitrogen atmosphere permits its usability value to be improved. The aim of the research was to determine the impact of technological modification parameters at different levels on the colour of black poplar (Populus nigra L.). Black poplar was thermally modified in nitrogen atmosphere at a range of temperatures from 160 °C to 220 °C, at times between 2 h and 8 h. The parameters of wood colour were measured according to the CIE L*a*b* colour space model. The changes in a* and b* had a non-linear profile. The maximum value of a* for black poplar wood was achieved after a modification at the temperature of 200 °C, while the maximum value of the b* parameter was achieved after modification at 190 °C. Colour changes in the ΔE of black poplar after modification at 160 °C and 170 °C were similar, and the dynamics of changes increased after modification at the temperature of 180 °C. The highest value of ΔE, around 40, was observed after modification at the temperature of 220 °C and time of 8 h. There were no statistically significant differences between the ΔE for radial and tangential sections. Statistical analysis showed that modification temperature was responsible for the variability of the L* value in 90%, and in ca. 70% for the changes in parameters a* and b*. The influence of the modification time on the colour parameters was minor—below 4%. The influence of the interaction between modification temperature and time on the colour parameters was below 10%. As a consequence, in the case of ΔE of black poplar wood, the influence of temperature was at a level of ca. 80%. On the other hand, the influence of time and the interaction between temperature and time of modification was low—below 3%.

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Harrison, Ian, Yasuhiro Takeuchi, Birke Bartosch, and Jonathan P. Stoye. "Determinants of High Titer in Recombinant Porcine Endogenous Retroviruses." Journal of Virology 78, no. 24 (December 15, 2004): 13871–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.78.24.13871-13879.2004.

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ABSTRACT Porcine endogenous retroviruses (PERVs) pose a potential stumbling block for therapeutic xenotransplantation, with the greatest threat coming from viruses generated by recombination between members of the PERV subgroup A (PERV-A) and PERV-C families (PERV-A/C recombinants). PERV-A and PERV-B have been shown to infect human cells in culture, albeit with low titers. PERV-C has a more restricted host range and cannot infect human cells. A recombinant PERV-A/C virus (PERV-A14/220) contains the PERV-A sequence between the end of pol and the middle of the SU region in env. The remaining sequence is derived from PERV-C. PERV-A14/220 is approximately 500-fold more infectious than PERV-A. To determine the molecular basis for the increased infectivity of PERV-A14/220, we have made a series of vector constructs. The primary determinant for the enhanced replicative potential of the recombinant virus appeared to be the env gene. Using a series of chimeric env genes, we could identify two determinants of high infectivity; one was an isoleucine to valine substitution at position 140 between variable regions A and B, and the other lies within the proline rich region. Taken together, these results show that the novel juxtaposition of env gene sequences enhanced the infectivity of PERV-A14/220 for human cells, perhaps by stabilization of the envelope glycoprotein or increased receptor binding.

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Shi, Qiang, and Jing Hui Jiang. "Color Stability of Heat-Treated Okan Sapwood during Artificial Weathering." Advanced Materials Research 197-198 (February 2011): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.197-198.13.

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This study describes experiments of testing the color stability of heat-treated okan sapwood samples. Heat-treatment was done at 160°C,180°C,200°C,220°C during 4 hours, under steam. series of experiments were carried out to investigate the color stability of heat-treated okan sapwood compared to untreated wood during 100 hours xenon light irradiation. Color measurements during accelerated weathering were made at intervals throughout the test period. The results are presented in △E* and L* a* b*coordinates according to the CIE(1976)L*a*b* parameters color system. Better photo-stability in terms of color changes was recorded for heat-treated wood compared to the untreated one. The properties of heat treated wood are involved in the heat-treated wood resistanceagainst xenon light under experimental conditions.

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Shi, Qiang, Fu Cheng Bao, Jian Xiong Lu, and Jing Hui Jiang. "Effect of Heat Treatment Temperature on the Color of Okan Wood." Advanced Materials Research 214 (February 2011): 531–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.214.531.

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In this study the effect of high temperature on color change of okan wood was investigated. Wood specimens were subjected to heat treatment at 160°C, 180°C,200°C,220°Cfor 4 hours with the superheated steam as a heating medium and a shielding gas. Color changes were measured in the Minolta Croma-Meter CR-300 color system. The color parameters L*, a*, b* were determined by the CIEL*a*b* method on the surface of untreated and treated wood, and their variation with regard to the treatment (△L*,△a*,△b* ) were calculated. It was found that heat treatment resulted in a darkening of wood tissues, Color became dark with the temperature increases. The darkening accelerated when treatment temperature exceeded approximately 200°C. We found that heat treatment temperature were substantially important regarding the color responses. Strong correlations between total color difference and the treatment temperature were found. The effect of treatment temperature on color change in sapwood is more obvious than that in heartwood, the color of sapwood and heartwood tended to be more uniform when the temperature reaches more than 200°C.

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Beck, Johannes, Petra Krieger-Beck, and Klemens Kelm. "The Squaric Acid Derivatives C8O4S2 and C8O4Se2 – Crystal Structures, Explosive Thermal Behavior and the Preparation of Carbon Suboxide Selenide OC3Se by Flash Vacuum Pyrolysis." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 61, no. 2 (February 1, 2006): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2006-0202.

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Abstract2,7-Diselenatricyclo[6.2.0.03.6]deca-1,3-diene-4,5,9,10-tetraone, C8O4Se2, was prepared from 1,2-diselenosquarate and squaric acid dichloride. Its crystal structure and the structure of the already known sulfur analogue C8O4S2 were determined (C8O4S2: orthorhombic, Pca21, a = 1413.64(2), b = 599.850(9), c = 968.8(1) pm; C8O4Se2: orthorhombic, Pnnm, a = 415.46(2), b = 894.29(5), c = 1160.14(7) pm). The structures are not isotypic and show a different packing of the molecules whose symmetry deviate only slightly from D2h. In the four-membered C4 rings the C-C bonds represent one single bond, one double bond and two slightly shortened single bonds. The C4 rings are thus to be considered as cyclobutene-dione fragments. The vigorous exothermic decomposition of the compounds that occurs on heating to 220 to 240 °C shows that both are energetic materials. The explosions are accompanied by a heat evolution of −192 kJ/mol for C8O4S2 and −224 kJ/mol for C8O4Se2. Performing the decomposition of C8O4S2 in a closed autoclave leaves a residue of the composition “C6S” which was examined by transmission electron microscopy techniques and shown to consist mainly of amorphous carbon. This thermal behaviour is limiting the utilization of C8O4S2 and C8O4Se2 as precursors for the syntheses of OC3S and the yet unknown OC3Se via FVP. The formation of OC3S could be proven by the reaction of the trapped, slightly yellow product (evaporation at 200 °C, pyrolysis at 500 °C, trapping at −196 °C) with aniline which yielded thiomalonic acid dianilide, of which the crystal structure was determined (monoclinic, C2/c, a = 2814.8(16), b = 1201.7(8), c = 809.2(4) pm, β = 91.88(4)°, V = 2736(3) ・ 106 pm3). The mass spectrum of C8O4Se2 shows the strongest signal for OC3Se+, and FVP experiments (evaporation at 220 °C, pyrolysis at 650 °C, trapping at −75 °C) yielded small amounts of a bright yellow material which rapidly converted into a black polymer.

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Caffo, Orazio, Giovanni Lo Re, Teodoro Sava, Sebastiano Buti, Cosimo Sacco, Umberto Basso, Fable Zustovich, et al. "Preliminary results of a factorial phase II randomized trial of continuous (C) or intermittent (I) docetaxel (DOC) with or without estramustine (E) as first-line treatment for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) (HOPLITE trial)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 5_suppl (February 10, 2012): 220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.5_suppl.220.

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220 Background: DOC given for 8 consecutive courses is considered a standard first line treatment for CRPC pts and I administration could reduce its impact on quality of life (QL). E is considered synergistic with DOC. Aim of this study was to evaluate in a 2 × 2 factorial design, if I DOC could improve QL compared to C DOC and whether E added to DOC could improve its activity. Methods: CRPC pts were randomized to: C DOC 70 mg/m2 i.v. q 3 wks for 8 courses, alone (arm A) or with E 280 mg/TID p.o. for 5 days starting on -1 day (arm B), or the same treatments given with a 3-month rest period after the first 4 courses (arm C and D, respectively). The primary end points were QL (EORTC QLQ C30 and BPI) of A+B vs C+D and 1-y PFS (according to PCWG2) of A+C vs B+D. Results: From 11/06 to 10/10, 148 CRPC pts were enrolled and 124 pts are presently evaluable (24 too early). The median age was 69 (range 42–81) and the median baseline PSA was 55.6 (range 0.33–4212). The major hematological toxicities were: anemia G3 (3 pts), neutropenia G3 (4 pts) – G4 (5 pts), febrile neutropenia (5 pts). QL outcomes of C and I groups, were not statistically different in terms of general QL items. 1-y PFS was also superimposable (10% and 13.5%, respectively) for DOC and DOC+E groups. The 2-y overall survival was also evaluated with no differences between I and C groups (42.5% and 53.7% respectively) and between DOC and DOC+E groups (42.8% and 53.5% respectively). Conclusions: These preliminary results seem to indicate that I treatment may not improve QL compared to C treatment. Moreover, the addition of E to DOC did not improve 1-y PFS of CRPC pts. Updated data with the complete sample analysis will be presented.

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Guo, Wei, Pengda Zhai, Xiaofan Bai, Nan Li, Haixia Wu, Zhihui Zhang, and Jingyu He. "Crystal structure of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-(4-methoxybenzylidene)cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-one, C₂₂H₂₈O₂." Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - New Crystal Structures 237, no. 1 (November 22, 2021): 75–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ncrs-2021-0394.

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21

Palacios, R., and J. Samaridis. "Fetal liver pro-B and pre-B lymphocyte clones: expression of lymphoid-specific genes, surface markers, growth requirements, colonization of the bone marrow, and generation of B lymphocytes in vivo and in vitro." Molecular and Cellular Biology 12, no. 2 (February 1992): 518–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.12.2.518-530.1992.

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We describe here the development and characterization of the FLS4.1 stromal line derived from 15-day fetal liver of BALB/c embryos and defined culture conditions that efficiently support the cloning and long-term growth of nontransformed B-220+ 14-day fetal liver cells at two stages of B-cell development, namely, pro-B lymphocytes (immunoglobulin [Ig] genes in germ line configuration) and pre-B cells (JH-rearranged genes with both light-chain Ig genes in the germ line state). All B-cell precursor clones require recombinant interleukin-7 (rIL-7) and FLS4.1 stromal cells for continuous growth in culture, but pro-B lymphocyte clones can also proliferate in rIL-3. None proliferate in rIL-1, rIL-2, rIL-4, rIL-5, rIL-6, or leukemia inhibitory factor. FLS4.1 stromal cells synthesize mRNA for Steel factor but not for IL-1 to IL-7; all pro-B and pre-B clones express c-Kit, the receptor for Steel factor, and a c-Kit-specific antibody inhibits the enhanced proliferative response of fetal liver B-220+ B-cell precursors supported by FLS4.1 stromal cells and exogenous rIL-7 but does not affect that promoted by rIL-7 alone. Northern (RNA) blot analysis of the expression of the MB-1, lambda 5, Vpre-B, c mu, RAG-1, and RAG-2 genes in pro-B and pre-B clones show that transcription of the MB-1 gene precedes IgH gene rearrangement and RNA synthesis from c mu, RAG-1, RAG-2, lambda 5, and Vpre-B genes. All clones at the pre-B-cell stage synthesize mRNA for c mu, RAG-1, and RAG-2 genes; transcription of the lambda 5 and Vpre-B genes seems to start after D-to-JH rearrangement in B-cell precursors, indicating that the proteins encoded by either gene are not required for B-cell progenitors to undergo D-to-JH gene rearrangement. These findings mark transcription of the MB-1 gene as one of the earliest molecular events in commitment to develop along the B-lymphocyte pathway. Indeed, both pro-B and pre-B clones can generate in vitro and in vivo B lymphocytes but not T lymphocytes; moreover, these clones do not express the CD3-gamma T-cell-specific gene, nor do they have rearranged gamma, delta, or beta T-cell antigen receptor genes.

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22

Palacios, R., and J. Samaridis. "Fetal liver pro-B and pre-B lymphocyte clones: expression of lymphoid-specific genes, surface markers, growth requirements, colonization of the bone marrow, and generation of B lymphocytes in vivo and in vitro." Molecular and Cellular Biology 12, no. 2 (February 1992): 518–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.12.2.518.

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We describe here the development and characterization of the FLS4.1 stromal line derived from 15-day fetal liver of BALB/c embryos and defined culture conditions that efficiently support the cloning and long-term growth of nontransformed B-220+ 14-day fetal liver cells at two stages of B-cell development, namely, pro-B lymphocytes (immunoglobulin [Ig] genes in germ line configuration) and pre-B cells (JH-rearranged genes with both light-chain Ig genes in the germ line state). All B-cell precursor clones require recombinant interleukin-7 (rIL-7) and FLS4.1 stromal cells for continuous growth in culture, but pro-B lymphocyte clones can also proliferate in rIL-3. None proliferate in rIL-1, rIL-2, rIL-4, rIL-5, rIL-6, or leukemia inhibitory factor. FLS4.1 stromal cells synthesize mRNA for Steel factor but not for IL-1 to IL-7; all pro-B and pre-B clones express c-Kit, the receptor for Steel factor, and a c-Kit-specific antibody inhibits the enhanced proliferative response of fetal liver B-220+ B-cell precursors supported by FLS4.1 stromal cells and exogenous rIL-7 but does not affect that promoted by rIL-7 alone. Northern (RNA) blot analysis of the expression of the MB-1, lambda 5, Vpre-B, c mu, RAG-1, and RAG-2 genes in pro-B and pre-B clones show that transcription of the MB-1 gene precedes IgH gene rearrangement and RNA synthesis from c mu, RAG-1, RAG-2, lambda 5, and Vpre-B genes. All clones at the pre-B-cell stage synthesize mRNA for c mu, RAG-1, and RAG-2 genes; transcription of the lambda 5 and Vpre-B genes seems to start after D-to-JH rearrangement in B-cell precursors, indicating that the proteins encoded by either gene are not required for B-cell progenitors to undergo D-to-JH gene rearrangement. These findings mark transcription of the MB-1 gene as one of the earliest molecular events in commitment to develop along the B-lymphocyte pathway. Indeed, both pro-B and pre-B clones can generate in vitro and in vivo B lymphocytes but not T lymphocytes; moreover, these clones do not express the CD3-gamma T-cell-specific gene, nor do they have rearranged gamma, delta, or beta T-cell antigen receptor genes.

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23

Morales, José. "ROLF SCHÄFER, Ritschl, Tübingen, J. C. B. Mohr, 1968, Beiträge Zur Historischen Theologie, n. 41, 220 pp." Scripta Theologica 2, no. 2 (March 27, 2018): 587–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.15581/006.2.23372.

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24

Ishizawa, Nubuo, Atsushi Saiki, Kyoji Ohdan, and Mamoru Ai. "Synthesis and powder X-ray diffraction data of a new iron phosphate Fe(PO4)·0.5H2O." Powder Diffraction 13, no. 4 (December 1998): 246–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0885715600010198.

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X-ray powder-diffraction data were collected for a new iron phosphate, Fe(PO4)·0.5H2O, obtained by reducing FePO4 with oxalic acid at 220 °C in the presence of water vapor and oxygen. The crystal system was determined to be orthorhombic with unit-cell parameters a=15.991(6) Å, b=20.156(7) Å, and c=7.223(2) Å.

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Feng, X., D. Chen, and X. G. Zhou. "Thermal stability of TPA template and size-dependent selectivity of uncalcined TS-1 supported Au catalyst for propene epoxidation with H2 and O2." RSC Advances 6, no. 50 (2016): 44050–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra05772a.

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An Au/TS-1-B catalyst, whose internal TPA template is stable below 350 °C, shows volcano-shaped activity with reaction temperature and reaches a noteworthy PO formation rate (220 g_PO h⁻¹ kg_Cat⁻¹) at 260 °C. Moreover, intrinsic size-dependent selectivity is also studied.

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26

Ishak, Mohammad Zulfikar, Azman Miskam Muhamad, Othman Sidek, Muhamad Nazri Murat, and Mohd Azmier Ahmad. "Integrated Thermoelectric Power Generator - Wireless Sensor Node for Remote Area Application." Applied Mechanics and Materials 315 (April 2013): 597–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.315.597.

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The performance of a thermoelectric power generator for powering wireless sensor node has been studied and evaluated. This study covers the results obtained from two configurations of thermoelectric cell with heat source temperatures range from 40 to 230 °C. It was found that the highest output voltage is 9.08 V belong to configuration B with two parallel thermoelectric cells. This configuration was capable to power up sensor node compared to configuration A with the lowest heat source temperature at about 200 °C. To enhance the capability of the configurations, DC boost converter circuit has been developed and tested. By connecting to the DC boost converter, configuration A can power up the wireless sensor node with heat source temperature at about 220 °C while the minimum heat source temperature for configuration B was reduced from 200 to 170 °C. This study identified the optimum operation condition to power up wireless sensor node by thermoelectric power generator for remote application and make conclusion as to how to increase the performance of thermoelectric power generator by introducing DC boost converter.

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27

Hughes, L. E. "Plastic and reconstructive surgery of the breast R. B. Noone (ed.). 284 × 220 mm. Pp. 533. Illustrated. 1991. USA: B. C. Decker." British Journal of Surgery 80, no. 2 (February 1993): 266. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bjs.1800800264.

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28

Chang, Qin, Xiao-Lin Wang, Jie Zhu, and Xiao-Nan Li. "Study of b⟶c Induced B¯∗⟶Vℓν¯ℓ Decays." Advances in High Energy Physics 2020 (April 29, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3079670.

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In this paper, we investigate the tree-dominated B¯u,d,s,c∗⟶Vℓ−ν¯ℓ (V=Du,d∗,Ds∗,J/ψ and ℓ=e,μ,τ) decays in the Standard Model with the relevant form factors obtained in the light-front quark model. These decays involve much more helicity states relative to the corresponding B¯∗⟶Pℓ−ν¯ℓ and B¯⟶Vℓ−ν¯ℓ decays, and moreover, the contribution of longitudinal polarization mode (V meson) is relatively small, ~30%, compared with the corresponding B meson decays. We have also computed the branching fraction, lepton spin asymmetry, forward-backward asymmetry, and ratio RV∗L≡BB¯∗⟶Vτ−ν¯τ/BB¯∗⟶Vℓ′−ν¯ℓ′ℓ′=e,μ. Numerically, the branching fractions of B¯∗⟶Vℓ′−ν¯ℓ′ decays are at the level of O10−7 and are hopeful to be observed by LHC and Belle-II experiments. The ratios RD∗,Ds∗,J/ψ∗L have relatively small theoretical uncertainties and are close to each other, RD∗∗L≃RDs∗∗L≃RJ/ψ∗L≃0.26,0.270.27,0.29, which are a bit different from the predictions in some previous works. The future measurements are expected to make tests on these predictions.

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29

Massa-Pairault, Françoise-Hélène. "L. B. van der Meer: Myths and more on Etruscan stone sarcophagi (c. 350 – c. 200 B. C.)." Gnomon 79, no. 5 (2007): 452–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.17104/0017-1417_2007_5_452.

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30

Xueqin, Li. "Hexagram Drawings on Warring States (475 B. C. E.-221 B. C. E.) Bamboo Slips." Contemporary Chinese Thought 44, no. 3 (April 2013): 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2753/csp1097-1467440303.

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31

Abdel-Latif, Nehad A. "Synthesis and Antidepressant Activity of Some New Coumarin Derivatives." Scientia Pharmaceutica 73, no. 4 (December 30, 2005): 193–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.3797/scipharm.aut-05-15.

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The coumarin-3-cinnamoyl derivatives 2a-d were prepared via Claisen-Schmidt condensation of 3-acetylcoumarin 1 with different aromatic aldehydes. Cycloaddition reaction of 2b,e with guanidine and thiourea yielded the corresponding aminopyrmimidine 3a,b and thioxypyrimidine derivatives 4a,b, respectively. Compounds 4a,b were condensed with chloroacetic acid or 3-bromopropionic acid to yield coumarin 3-thiazolo-pyrimidine 5a,b and thiazinopyrimidine 6a,b derivatives, respectively. Compounds 4a,b were condensed with chloroacetic acid and aromatic aldehyde to yield the aryl methylene derivatives 7a,b which could be prepared directly by condensation of compounds 5a,b with aromatic aldehydes. Compounds 2a-e were condensed with malononitrile or ethyl cyano acetate in presence of ammonium acetate to yield cyanopyridine 8a,b and cyanopyridone 9a-d derivatives, respectively, which were prepared by condensation of 3-acetylcoumarin 1, malononitrile or ethylcyanoacetate and aromatic aldehydes in presence of ammonium acetate. Condensation of compounds 2a,b,e with o-phenylenediamine in refluxing ethanol led to the formation of 10a-c as intermediate, followed by cleavage by thermolysis to benzimidazole derivative 11 along with compounds 12a-c as mixture, which were obtained directly by fusion of a,&unsaturated ketones 2 with ophenylene diamine at 200-220°C, while compound 11 could be prepared in pure form by fusion of 1 with o-phenylene diamine at the same temperature. The pharmacological screening showed that many of these obtained compounds have good antidepressant activity comparable to Tranylcypromine® as reference drugs.

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32

Driega, Alex B., Gerald W. Buchanan, and Corinne Bensimon. "Synthesis of cis-p-dioxano-12-crown-4 and X-ray crystallography of the (1:1) complex with lithium thiocyanate." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 76, no. 2 (February 1, 1998): 142–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v97-220.

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The synthesis of a novel 12-crown-4 analogue (cis-p-dioxano-12-crown-4 or cis-3,6,9,13,15- pentaoxabicyclo[9.3.1]pentadecane) is described. The (1:1) LiNCS complex crystallizes in the monoclinic Cc space group; a = 8.4973(2) Å, b = 18.0659(4) Å, c = 8.9168(1) Å, and β = 90.713(1)° with Z = 4. The crown adopts C1 symmetry to which the Li+ is coordinated in a rectangular pyramid with an apical -NCS.Key words: crown ethers, structure, complexation.

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33

Ma, Yong, and Alan J. Ardell. "The (γ + γ^′ )/γ^′ phase boundary in the Ni–Al phase diagram from 600 to 1200 ^° C." International Journal of Materials Research 94, no. 9 (September 1, 2003): 972–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijmr-2003-0177.

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Abstract The phase boundary separating the γ + γ′ and γ′ regions of the Ni –Al phase diagram (the γ solvus) was established over the temperature range 600– 1200 °C. The γ phase is the Ni –Al solid solution, and γ′ is (non-stoichiometric) Ni3Al. Cast alloys containing 22.0, 22.2, 22.4, 22.6, 22.8 and 23.0 at.% Al, all compositions being within ± 0.03 at.%, were used in the experiments. At temperatures from 1000 to 1200 °C, the γ solvus was determined using aging treatments designed to eliminate the dendritic structure in the as-received castings. At lower temperatures, from 600 to ≈ 900 °C, dissolution experiments were conducted. The method takes advantage of the absence of a barrier to the dissolution of a dispersed phase. Specimens of the supersaturated γ′ phase were aged at low temperatures, 600 or 650 °C, for long times (up to 633 h), to produce fine dispersions of the coherent γ phase precipitates. These specimens were then re-aged at 10 –20 °C intervals of temperature and re-examined to determine whether the γ phase precipitates had dissolved. The absence of the γ phase precipitates enabled the phase boundary to be located to within ± 10 °C for an alloy of known composition, or ± 0.03 at.% at a given temperature, from 600 to 900 °C. The phase boundary generally agrees with the lower end of Al concentrations established in previous research.

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34

Ellis, H. "Essentials of Surgery D. C. Sabiston. 220 × 283 mm. Pp. 1207. Illustrated. 1987. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders. £25.00." British Journal of Surgery 75, no. 2 (February 1988): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bjs.1800750246.

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Taha, Fawzy, and Zdenko Puhan. "Milk protein polymorphism in Swiss dairy cattle." Agricultural and Food Science 2, no. 5 (September 1, 1993): 423–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.23986/afsci.72668.

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Individual cow milk samples from (a) 208 original Swiss Simmental (OSS), (b) 220 of their crosses (Simmental cattle = FV) with American Red Holstein (RH), (c) 215 original Swiss Brown (OSB) and (d) 390 of their crosses (Brown cattle = BV) with American Brown Swiss (BS) were genotyped for the variants of milk caseins (Cn) and β-Lactoglobulin (β-Lg). In addition, the association between κ-Cn genotypes and milk yield was studied. Reasonable differences in the allele frequencies were found between the breeds. Compared to pure-bred OSS, crossing with RH resulted in a decrease in the frequencies of αs1-Cn C, β-Cn B and κ-Cn B and in an increased frequency of β-Lg B. Within OSB, increased crossing with BS resulted in a decrease in the frequencies of αs1-Cn C and β-Cn B and in increased frequencies of κ-Cn B and β-Lg B. A significant association between the κ-Cn locus and milk yield could only be shown for the OSS breed.

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Eswaran, P., A. Anbagi, and S. Nagarajan. "Optical Studies on KBr:Tl and KCl-Br:Tl Mixed Crystals." E-Journal of Chemistry 7, no. 2 (2010): 425–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/971465.

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Optical absorption spectra of KBr:Tl+(0.0125 mol%) single crystals shows A, B and C bands around 258, 220 and 210 nm respectively. In KCl0.1Br0.9:Tl+(0.0125 mol%) mixed crystals exhibit slightly broadening of the A-band towards lower wavelength side. The broadening of the absorption spectra are suggested to be due to some complex Tl+centers involving Br-and Cl-ions formed in the mixed crystals. When excited at A, B and C-bands of Tl+ions, PL of KBr:Tl+showed emission band around 320 with a prominent shoulder around 365 nm. In KCl0.1Br0.9mixed crystals the shoulder around 365 nm is not prominent due to the perturbing influence of Cl-ions. Addition bands in the excitation spectra are attributed to the presence of Tl+dimmers. PSL observed in X-ray irradiated crystals resembled their respective PL emissions indicating that PSL in them is due to Tl+ions.

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Carvalho, Tatiane Do Nascimento, Gislane Da Paixão, Maria Suely Dos Santos Rodrigues, Layanny Samara da Silva Souza, Wandemberg Rocha Freitas, and Thiago De Sousa Fonseca. "Análise físico-química de amostras de leites bovinos crus in natura e UHT comercializados em Paulistana, Piauí." Brazilian Journal of Food Research 10, no. 3 (January 1, 2019): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3895/rebrapa.v10n3.11316.

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O leite é um produto perecível e consumido em larga escala na alimentação humana, sendo passível de sofrer fraudes, resultando em um grande risco para a saúde pública. Dessa forma, a presente pesquisa analisou os aspectos físico-químicos de amostras de três leites bovinos crus in natura (A, B e C) e de duas marcas de leites bovinos industrializados (D e E), comercializados em Paulistana, Piauí. Os seguintes parâmetros foram analisados: estabilidade térmica frente ao etanol (72% v/v), teor de acidez titulável, teor de cálcio, presença de amido e íons cloretos e pH. Como resultados, os leites crus in natura A e C apresentaram instabilidade térmica e B apresentou estabilidade. Os índices de acidez foram de A = 0,23%, B = 0,17% e C = 0,27%. Os teores de cálcio de A, B e C foram de 269 mg, 275 mg e 291 mg, respectivamente. A, B e C negativaram para a presença de amido. O leite A positivou para a presença de cloretos e os demais (B e C) negativo. O pH de A e C foi igual a 6,5 e o de B igual a 6,7. Os leites industrializados D e E foram estáveis termicamente e apresentaram acidez titulável = 0,19% e 0,18%, respectivamente. Os teores de cálcio foram de C = 220 mg e E = 249 mg. C e E negativaram nos testes das presenças de amido e cloretos. O pH de C e E foi igual a 6,7. Contudo, os leites A e C apresentaram indícios de insegurança alimentar e os demais (B, D e E) estiveram dentro das normas de segurança.

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38

Frykman, Erik, Catherine Sandbach-Dahlström, Sybil Oldfield, Nicholas Shakespeare, Marianne Levander, Rolf Lundén, Lars-Olof Nyhlén, et al. "Reviews and notices." Moderna Språk 85, no. 2 (December 1, 1991): 196–223. http://dx.doi.org/10.58221/mosp.v85i2.10339.

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Includes the following reviews: pp. 196-197. Erik Frykman. Eccles, C., The Rose Theatre. pp. 197-198. Catherine Sandbach-Dahlström. Blain, V., Clements, P. & Grundy, I. (eds.), The Feminist Companion to Literature in English. pp. 198-199. Sybil Oldfield. Pritchard, R.E., Poetry by English Women, Elizabethan to Victorian. + Zahava, I., My Father's Daughter - Stories by a Woman. pp. 199-200. Sybil Oldfield. Åhmansson, G., A Life and Its Mirrors: A Feminist Reading of L.M. Montgomery's Fiction. Vol. 1. pp. 200-201. Nicholas Shakespeare. Schirmer, G.A., William Trevor: A Study of His Fiction. pp. 201-202. Marianne Levander. Imhof, R. (ed.), Contemporary Irish Novelists. pp. 202-203. Rolf Lundén. Franklin V, B. (ed.), Geer, G. & Haig, J., Dictionary of American Literary Characters. pp. 204-205. Lars-Olof Nyhlén. Homberger, D., Sachwörterbuch zur deutschen Sprache und Grammatik. pp. 206-208. Magnus Nordén & Klaus Rossenbeck. Schottmann, H. & Petersson, R., Wörterbuch der schwedischen Phraseologie in Sachgruppen. pp. 209-211. Gustav Korlén. Lehnert, M., Anglo-Americanisches im Sprachgebrauch der DDR. + Dieter Schlosser, H., Die deutsche Sprache in der DDR zwischen Stalinismus und Demokratie. Historische, politische und kommunikative Bedingungen. pp. 212-213. Uta Schuch. Palm, C., "Wir graben den Schacht von Babel" oder Kafkas "Urteil". Versuch einer semasiologisch-textlinguistischen Analyse. pp. 214-215. Johann Holzner. Sternberg, C., Ein treuer Ketzer. Studien zu Manès Sperbers Romantrilogie "Wir eine Träne im Ozean". pp. 216-218. Göran Bornäs. Actes du colloque franco-danois de lexicographie. pp. 218-220. Göran Fäldt. Cabanis, J., Mauriac, le roman et Dieu. pp. 220-222. Mats Forsgren. Eriksson, O. & Tegelberg, E., Svensk-franska strukturövningar med facit. p. 223. A Message from the Editors.

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39

Bartosch, Birke, Dimitrios Stefanidis, Richard Myers, Robin Weiss, Clive Patience, and Yasuhiro Takeuchi. "Evidence and Consequence of Porcine Endogenous Retrovirus Recombination." Journal of Virology 78, no. 24 (December 15, 2004): 13880–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.78.24.13880-13890.2004.

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ABSTRACT The genetic nature and biological effects of recombination between porcine endogenous retroviruses (PERV) were studied. An infectious molecular clone was generated from a high-titer, human-tropic PERV isolate, PERV-A 14/220 (B. A. Oldmixon, et al. J. Virol. 76:3045-3048, 2002; T. A. Ericsson et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 100:6759-6764, 2003). To analyze this sequence and 15 available full-length PERV nucleotide sequences, we developed a sequence comparison program, LOHATM to calculate local sequence homology between two sequences. This analysis determined that PERV-A 14/220 arose by homologous recombination of a PERV-C genome replacing an 850-bp region around the pol-env junction with that of a PERV-A sequence. This 850-bp PERV-A sequence encompasses the env receptor binding domain, thereby conferring a wide host range including human cells. In addition, we determined that multiple regions derived from PERV-C are responsible for the increased infectious titer of PERV-A 14/220. Thus, a single recombination event may be a fast and effective way to generate high-titer, potentially harmful PERV. Further, local homology and phylogenetic analyses between 16 full-length sequences revealed evidence for other recombination events in the past that give rise to other PERV genomes that possess the PERV-A, but not the PERV-B, env gene. These results indicate that PERV-A env is more prone to recombination with heterogeneous backbone genomes than PERV-B env. Such recombination events that generate more active PERV-A appear to occur in pigs rather frequently, which increases the potential risk of zoonotic PERV transmission. In this context, pigs lacking non-human-tropic PERV-C would be more suitable as donor animals for clinical xenotransplantation.

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40

Abbott, Barbara. "THE HUMAN SEMANTIC POTENTIAL: SPATIAL LANGUAGE AND CONSTRAINED CONNECTIONISM.Terry Regier. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1996. Pp. xvi + 220. $37.50 paper." Studies in Second Language Acquisition 19, no. 4 (December 1997): 517–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s027226319722406x.

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The semantic potential referred to in the title of this book is the ability of humans to learn the (closed-class) terms for basic spatial relations, such as (for English) onto, above, and through. Regier presents a modified connectionist model of this ability designed to address three questions: (a) What kind of system can learn spatial terms? (b) How can this system function without negative evidence? and (c) What are the universal constraints on learnable spatial terms? The answers suggested to these questions are: (a) a modified connectionist network—one which incorporates structural constraints motivated by human physiology; (b) the assumption of mutual exclusion, that is, that different terms have mutually exclusive denotations; and (c) the structural constraints that are incorporated into the network.

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Grove, M., and M. Plumb. "C/EBP, NF-kappa B, and c-Ets family members and transcriptional regulation of the cell-specific and inducible macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha immediate-early gene." Molecular and Cellular Biology 13, no. 9 (September 1993): 5276–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.13.9.5276-5289.1993.

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Macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha (MIP-1 alpha) cytokine gene expression is restricted to a limited number of cells of hemopoietic origin and is rapidly and transiently induced by serum and endotoxin in macrophages. A single nuclear DNase I-hypersensitive site, which maps to the proximal promoter of the MIP-1 alpha gene, was identified in macrophage cells but was absent in cells which do not express basal levels of MIP-1 alpha mRNA. The proximal promoter sequences (+36 to -220 bp) are sufficient to confer cell-specific and inducible transcription in transfection assays. In vitro DNA-binding studies revealed five major nuclear protein binding sites in the proximal promoter which bind C/EBP, NF-kappa B, and/or c-Ets family members. Cell-specific differences in DNA binding by members of the NF-kappa B and c-Ets families correlate with the cell-specificity of MIP-1 alpha gene expression and the chromosomal conformation of the promoter. Changes in promoter binding by members of the C/EBP and NF-kappa B families correlate with the transcriptional up-regulation observed in serum- or endotoxin-stimulated macrophages in functional studies.

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Grove, M., and M. Plumb. "C/EBP, NF-kappa B, and c-Ets family members and transcriptional regulation of the cell-specific and inducible macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha immediate-early gene." Molecular and Cellular Biology 13, no. 9 (September 1993): 5276–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.13.9.5276.

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Macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha (MIP-1 alpha) cytokine gene expression is restricted to a limited number of cells of hemopoietic origin and is rapidly and transiently induced by serum and endotoxin in macrophages. A single nuclear DNase I-hypersensitive site, which maps to the proximal promoter of the MIP-1 alpha gene, was identified in macrophage cells but was absent in cells which do not express basal levels of MIP-1 alpha mRNA. The proximal promoter sequences (+36 to -220 bp) are sufficient to confer cell-specific and inducible transcription in transfection assays. In vitro DNA-binding studies revealed five major nuclear protein binding sites in the proximal promoter which bind C/EBP, NF-kappa B, and/or c-Ets family members. Cell-specific differences in DNA binding by members of the NF-kappa B and c-Ets families correlate with the cell-specificity of MIP-1 alpha gene expression and the chromosomal conformation of the promoter. Changes in promoter binding by members of the C/EBP and NF-kappa B families correlate with the transcriptional up-regulation observed in serum- or endotoxin-stimulated macrophages in functional studies.

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Thi Thanh Hien, Ngo, Pham Trung Kien, Nguyen Anh Vu, and Pham Thanh Huyen. "Direct Synthesis of Al-B-SBA-15 and its Application in Рreparing of Bifunctional Platinum Catalyst for Hydrogenation of Tetralin." Kataliz v promyshlennosti 18, no. 5 (September 18, 2018): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.18412/1816-0387-2018-5-31-36.

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In this work, the mesoporous material Al-B-SBA-15 has been obtained by direct synthesis method with Si : B : Al ratio of 10 : 0.5 : 0.5. Wetness impregnation (WI) method was used to load platinum on Al-B-SBA-15. The prepared support and catalyst were characterized by nitrogen adsorption-desorption measurement (BET), XRD, TEM, and TPD-NH3 to investigate the influence of aluminium and boron on characteristics of the catalyst. The activity of the bifunctional catalyst was tested for hydrogenation of tetralin at 180–220 °C, hydrogen pressure of 1.5–2.5 MPa for 3 h.

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Gawdzińska, K., K. Bryll, and D. Nagolska. "Influence of Heat Treatment on Abrasive Wear Resistance of Silumin Matrix Composite Castings." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 61, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 177–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2016-0031.

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The authors attempted at examining the effect of heat treatment on abrasive wear resistance of metal composite castings. Metal matrix composites were made by infiltrating preforms created from unordered short fibers (graphite or silumin) with liquid aluminium alloy AlSi12(b). Thus prepared composites were subject to solution heat treatment at a temperature of 520°C for four hours, then aging at a temperature of 220°C for four hours. Abrasion resistance of the material was tested before and after thermal treatment.

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Welsh, R. M., M. V. Haspel, D. C. Parker, and K. V. Holmes. "Natural cytotoxicity against mouse hepatitis virus-infected cells. II. A cytotoxic effector cell with a B lymphocyte phenotype." Journal of Immunology 136, no. 4 (February 15, 1986): 1454–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.136.4.1454.

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Abstract The effector cell in mouse spleen which mediates natural cytotoxicity against mouse hepatitis virus (MHV)-infected target cells was characterized. The target cells were MHV-infected BALB/c 3T3, and the assay time was 3 hr. The effector cell, designated virus killer (VK) cell for the purpose of discussion, had the following phenotype: lymphocyte morphology, plastic-nonadherent, nylon wool-adherent, nonphagocytic, cyclophosphamide-sensitive; by antibody plus complement (C) depletion studies, it was asialo GM1-, NK 1.2 alloantigen-negative, Thy-1.2-, Lyt-5-, and macrophage antigen-negative; by rosetting techniques, it was Fc receptor-positive and surface Fab+; by flow cytometry (FACS) analysis, it was Lyt-2-, MAC-1-, Ia+, IgG (gamma)+, IgM (mu)+, IgD (delta)+, and B cell lineage antibody B-220+. NK cells, measured for cytotoxicity on YAC-1 cells, were similarly tested and were found to differ from the VK cell in the following properties: nylon wool-nonadherent, asialo GM1+, NK alloantigen-positive, Lyt-5+, surface Fab-, MAC-1+, Ia-, IgG-, IgM-, IgD-, and B-220-. The VK effector cell had a phenotype highly distinguishable from NK cells, effectors most commonly associated with antiviral natural cytotoxicity. The VK cell had a phenotype identical to that of a B lymphocyte and was identified as such. Although the effector cells displayed cell surface antibody, the antibody did not appear to be involved in lysis, because lysis could not be blocked by F(ab)'2 directed against Fab, mu, or delta. Cytotoxicity was more likely associated with recognition of the B lymphocyte surface by the MHV glycoprotein E2, as shown in the accompanying companion paper. This is the first demonstration that natural cytotoxicity can be mediated by B lymphocytes.

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Qiao, Yu Long, Yong Jun Ma, Qing Ping Luo, and Chong Hua Pei. "Preparation and Electrochemical Properties of VO₂(B) Nano-Belts." Materials Science Forum 694 (July 2011): 91–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.694.91.

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The VO2(B) nanobelts with monoclinic phase were synthesized by a hydrothermal method at 220°C for 48 h in the absence of any surfactants. The electron energy loss spectrum (EELS) demonstrates that vanadium exists only in the 4+ oxidation state. The SEM and TEM images reveal a belt-like structure of the VO2(B) with the length of several micrometers, the width of 140 nm and the thickness of around 20nm and growth along the [110] crystal direction. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge/discharge demonstrate that VO2(B) nano-belts electrode exhibits desirable electrochemical properties and the specific capacitance reaches up to 632.6F•g-1.

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Poppema, S., R. Lai, and L. Visser. "Antibody MT3 is reactive with a novel exon B-associated 190-kDa sialic acid-dependent epitope of the leukocyte common antigen complex." Journal of Immunology 147, no. 1 (July 1, 1991): 218–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.147.1.218.

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Abstract MT3 is a new antibody reactive with a restricted isoform of the leukocyte common Ag (CD45) family. The Ag is mainly expressed on T lymphocytes and thymocytes. It is differentially expressed on B cell subpopulations, with no staining of the majority of small follicular mantle zone B cells but positive staining of the majority of marginal zone B cells of spleen. Like most CD45 antibodies, reactivity can be demonstrated in fresh frozen as well as in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues. This reactivity clearly differs from all other published anti-CD45 antibodies. In immunoprecipitation and Western blot procedures, the antibody reacts with a major band with a molecular mass of 190 kDa and weak bands with molecular masses of 205 and 220 kDa. Compared to antibody PD7 that reacts with exon B-encoded sequences, the reactivity with the 205 and 220 bands is much weaker. This is reflected in MT3 reactivity with leukocyte common Ag transfectants that include exon B-encoded sequences, such as AB and B, but not with those that also include C-encoded sequences, such as ABC or BC. It can be concluded that MT3 recognizes additional heterogeneity in the leukocyte common Ag complex, that is based on the differential expression of sialic acid-dependent determinants associated with exon B-encoded sequences.

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Beck, Johannes. "Eine zweite polymorphe Form von Te4(WCl6)2 / A Second Polymorphie Form of Te4(WCl6)2." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 49, no. 9 (September 1, 1994): 1159–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1994-0901.

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The reaction of tellurium with WCl6 in the presence of bromine in a sealed evacuated ampoule in the temperature range from 220 to 150 °C yields dark blue monoclinic crystals of β-Te4(WCl6)2, space group P21/c, lattice constants a = 664,3(2), b = 1273,2(3), c = 1233,6(3) pm, ß - 94,13(3)°. The structure is built of square planar Te42+ cations and slightly distorted octahedral WCl6- anions and shows a close relationship to the previously reported triclinic α-form, which was obtained in the absence of bromine. The difference between the two structures lies in a different packing of the ions

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Solomay, T. V., T. A. Semenenko, and M. Yu Ivanova. "The role of Epstein-Barr viral infection and hepatitis B and C in liver pathology." Problems of Virology, Russian journal 64, no. 5 (October 20, 2019): 215–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.36233/0507-4088-2019-64-5-215-220.

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A review of scientific literature data on clinical and epidemiological characterization of viral hepatitis B, C and Epstein-Barr viral infection is presented. Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, The Cochrane Library, PubMed, CyberLeninka, RSCI databases were used to find the necessary literature. It was shown that Epstein-Barr virus along with hepatitis B and C viruses plays a significant role in the development of virus-mediated autoimmune liver diseases, as well as other organs (intestine, heart, kidneys, thyroid gland, etc.). The similarity of these nosologies is also evident in the nature of the course of the disease: the presence of a primary infection in a manifest or latent form, with possible subsequent chronization of the process and its periodic reactivation. Wide distribution of pathogens in the human population determines the possibility of mixed infections with Epstein-Barr virus and hepatitis B and C viruses, however, this problem has not been adequately described in the scientific literature. The review suggests that the role of Epstein-Barr virus in the development of liver diseases and extrahepatic pathology should not be ignored, and the combination of this pathogen with hepatitis B and C viruses required further in-depth studies.

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Widiarti, Pratiwi Wahyu. "KONSEP DIRI (SELF CONCEPT) DAN KOMUNIKASI INTERPERSONAL DALAM PENDAMPINGAN PADA SISWA SMP SE KOTA YOGYAKARTA." INFORMASI 47, no. 1 (July 26, 2017): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/informasi.v47i1.15035.

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This study aims to determine, the self-concept of junior high school students in the city of Yogyakarta and description of the mentoring model for junior high school students in Yogyakarta city based on adolescent self concept. The research method used quantitative method, with descriptive statistical technique. The population of this research is all junior high school students in Yogyakarta city from 15 State Junior High School and 42 Private Junior High. The results is first, the self-concept of students is balanced between those who have low self-concept (222 people: 49.4%), with high self-concept (227 people: 50,6%). Second, from the self concept aspects, the results obtained, have: a) high self-concept/academic self as much as 262 students (58.4%); b) family self concept as high as 257 students (57.2%); c) high physical self-concept, ie 250 students (55.7%); d) low self-concept moral ethics there are 220 students (49%); e) low social self-concept there are 220 students (49%); f) Low self-concept personal there are 216 students (48.1%). Third, the low-tendentious concept of self is ethical-moral, social and personal, then approaches are used for the assistance: a) from the side of interpersonal communication: Self-fulfilling prophecy; opened self; self confidence; and selectivity; b) in terms of interaction style, by developing an enabling interaction style; c) in terms of guidance and counseling services by forming individual guidance and group guidance. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsep diri remaja siswa SMP se kota Yogyakarta dan deskripsi model pendampingan bagi remaja siswa SMP se kota Yogyakarta berdasar konsep diri remaja. Melalui metode kuantitatif, dengan teknik statistik deskriptif. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa SMP se kota Yogyakarta dari 15 SMP Negeri dan 42 SMP Swasta. Hasil penelitian adalah, pertama, konsep diri siswa berimbang antara yang memiliki konsep diri yang rendah (222 orang: 49.4%), dengan yang memiliki konsep diri yang tinggi (yaitu 227 orang: 50.6%). Kedua, dari aspek-aspek konsep diri, diperoleh hasil, yang memiliki: a) konsep diri kerja/akademik yang tinggi sebanyak 262 siswa (58.4%); b) konsep diri keluarga yang tinggi sebanyak 257 siswa (57.2%); c) konsep diri fisik yang tinggi, yaitu 250 siswa (55.7%); d) konsep diri etik moral yang rendah ada 220 siswa (49%); e) konsep diri sosial yang rendah ada 220 siswa (49%); f) konsep diri personal yang rendah ada 216 siswa (48.1 persen). Ketiga, konsep diri yang cenderung rendah adalah konsep diri etik-moral, sosial dan personal, maka digunakan pendekatan bagi pendamping: a) dari sisi komunikasi interpersonal: Nubuat yang dipenuhi sendiri; membuka diri; percaya diri; dan selektivitas; b) dari sisi gaya interaksi, dengan mengembangkan gaya interaksi yang mendorong (enabling); c) dari sisi layanan bimbingan dan konseling dengan membentuk bimbingan kelompok dan bimbingan individual.

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Journal articles on the topic 'B.C.-220 A.A'

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