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Journal articles on the topic 'Diagnostics of laterality'
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Clancy, S. M., and W. J. Hoyer. "Skill and Laterality Differences in Medical Laboratory Diagnostics: Reply." Brain and Cognition 24, no. 2 (March 1994): 284–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/brcg.1994.1016.
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Machado, Samuel, Marcelo Rassweiler Hardt, André Bergamaschi Demore, Antônio Kim, Leandro Marcantonio Camargo, and Carolina Claudino Barbosa. "Short gastrocnemius." Scientific Journal of the Foot & Ankle 12, no. 2 (June 30, 2018): 106–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.30795/scijfootankle.2018.v12.759.
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Objective: To determine the prevalence of short gastrocnemius in orthopaedic patients treated in the emergency room and the foot and ankle outpatient clinic of a public hospital and to evaluate the relationship between prevalence and certain specific symptoms. Methods: This was an observational cross-sectional study conducted using a questionnaire completed by patients treated in February 2018. Results: Of the 160 patients studied, 21 (13.1%) had a diagnosis of shortening of the gastrocnemius. The condition was more prevalent in females than in males, with no differences in race, age, laterality or occupation. The most commonly associated symptoms were calf pain, back pain, equinism and metatarsalgia, which were all present in more than 2/3 of cases. Conclusion: Shortening of the gastrocnemius is a fairly common pathology that deserves greater attention in orthopaedic practice. Additional studies are needed to better correlate epidemiological findings with this pathology. Level of Evidence II; Diagnostics Studies.
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Kubeček, Ondřej, Jan Laco, Jiří Špaček, Alena Kubečková, Jiří Petera, Iva Selke Krulichová, Aleš Bezrouk, Stanislav Filip, and Jindřich Kopecký. "Clinicopathological Characteristics and Prognostic Factors in Ovarian Metastases from Right- and Left-Sided Colorectal Cancer." Current Oncology 28, no. 4 (August 3, 2021): 2914–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/curroncol28040255.
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Background: Secondary tumors of the ovary (STOs) account for 10–25% of all ovarian malignancies, including metastases from primary gynecological tumors. Colorectal cancer (CRC) has been recognized as one of the most common causes of STOs in Western countries. Despite it being well-known that CRC originating from the right versus left side of the colon/rectum differ substantially, there is a paucity of information regarding the effect of the primary tumor sidedness on the clinicopathological characteristics of STOs. Methods: This retrospective, observational chart review study included patients with histologically confirmed STOs of CRC origin diagnosed between January 2000 and December 2019. The clinicopathological characteristics of STOs originating from left-sided and right-sided CRC were compared. Univariable and multivariable analyses employing elastic net Cox proportional hazard models were used to evaluate potential prognostic factors. Further, the role of imaging methods in STOs diagnostics was evaluated. Results: Fifty-one patients with STOs of colorectal origin were identified. The primary tumor originated in the right and left colon/rectum in 39% and 61% of the cases, respectively. STOs originating from right-sided primary tumors were more frequently bilateral, associated with peritoneal carcinomatosis, had the ovarian surface affected by the tumor, and contained a mucinous component. The independent prognostic factors for overall survival in the whole cohort included: the presence of macroscopic residual disease after cytoreductive surgery, menopausal status, the application of systemic therapy, and the application of targeted therapy. In 54% of cases, the imaging methods failed to determine the laterality of the STOs correctly as compared to pathological reports and/or intraoperative findings. Conclusion: STOs originating from left-sided and right-sided CRC show distinct clinicopathological characteristics. Moreover, different metastatic pathways might be employed according to the primary tumor sidedness. Considering the discrepancies between radiological assessment and histopathological findings regarding the laterality of STOs, bilateral adnexectomy should be advised whenever feasible.
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Bruder, Gerard E., Frederic M. Quitkin, Jonathan W. Stewart, Candace Martin, Martina M. Voglmaier, and Wilma M. Harrison. "Cerebral laterality and depression: Differences in perceptual asymmetry among diagnostic subtypes." Journal of Abnormal Psychology 98, no. 2 (1989): 177–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0021-843x.98.2.177.
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Szuper, Kinga, Omar Giyab, and Péter Than. "Térdközeli lateralis cystosus elváltozások differenciáldiagnosztikája." Orvosi Hetilap 160, no. 15 (April 2019): 593–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/650.2019.31325.
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Abstract: Soft tissues detected on the lateral side of the knee joint may have differential diagnostic difficulties. Although most of these are benign, mostly cystic in appearance, they may raise the clinical suspicion of tumors due to their increased growth. The authors describe two rare soft tissue changes in three patients. They review the diagnostic procedures most commonly used in daily care, present surgical options, and discuss the literature of the subject. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(15): 593–599.
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De Jesús-Rojas, Wilfredo, Dalilah Reyes-De Jesús, and Ricardo A. Mosquera. "Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Diagnostic Challenges: Understanding the Clinical Phenotype of the Puerto Rican RSPH4A Founder Mutation." Diagnostics 11, no. 2 (February 11, 2021): 281. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11020281.
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Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare, heterogeneous ciliopathy resulting in chronic oto-sino-pulmonary disease, bronchiectasis, newborn respiratory distress, and laterality defects. PCD diagnosis can be achieved by following diagnostic algorithms that include electron microscopy, genetics, and ancillary testing. Genetic mutations in more than 45 genes, including RSPH4A, can lead to PCD. RSPH4A mutations located on chromosome six, affect radial spokes and results in central complex apparatus abnormalities. The RSPH4A [c.921 + 3_6delAAGT] founder mutation was described as one cause of PCD without laterality defects in Puerto Rico. Additionally, there are further diagnostic challenges present in the Puerto Rican population to diagnose PCD. We describe the demographics, clinical features, and RSPH4A genetic variants in 13 patients with clinical PCD affecting 11 Puerto Ricans from unrelated families.
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Loupis, A. K., and M. D. B. Eldridge. "Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of three nuclear genes in rock-wallabies (Petrogale: Marsupialia: Macropodidae): a search for genic markers to identify taxa within the Petrogale lateralis-penicillata group." Australian Journal of Zoology 49, no. 1 (2001): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo00078.
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Many rock-wallaby (Petrogale) species within the lateralis–penicillata complex are morphologically similar and can be distinguished only by their unique karyotypes, frustrating attempts to identify specimens in the field and in museums. As chromosome preparations are not always obtainable from specimens, additional diagnostic molecular markers are required. In this study, restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of three nuclear genes was undertaken using 100 Petrogale specimens, including representatives of 12 taxa. Eleven novel diagnostic nuclear DNA markers were identified, which enabled the identification of four taxa (P. penicillata, P. purpureicollis, P. lateralis and P. inornata). No markers were found that could reliably distinguish amongst five north-east Queensland species (P. assimilis, P. sharmani, P. mareeba, P. godmani and P. coenensis) or the sampled intraspecific taxa of P. lateralis (P. l . lateralis, P. l. pearsoni, MacDonnell Ranges race). These results are consistent with previous studies in demonstrating that P. penicillata, P. purpureicollis, P. lateralis and P. inornata are genically distinct and that the north-east Queensland species and subspecies/races of P. lateralis form two groups of very closely related taxa. Future research should target more rapidly evolving DNA regions, in order to identify specific molecular markers that distinguish amongst taxa within these two groups. Meanwhile, karyotypic analysis remains the only definitive technique currently available to unambiguously identify all taxa within the lateralis–penicillata group.
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Noda, Yoshifumi, Satoshi Goshima, Shoma Nagata, Hiroshi Kawada, Yukichi Tanahashi, Takehiro Kato, Tetsuya Suwa, Nobuyuki Kawai, Daisuke Yabe, and Masayuki Matsuo. "Utility of microcatheter in adrenal venous sampling for primary aldosteronism." British Journal of Radiology 93, no. 1109 (May 1, 2020): 20190636. http://dx.doi.org/10.1259/bjr.20190636.
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Objective: To evaluate the utility of microcatheter in adrenal venous sampling (AVS) for assessing aldosterone hypersecretion and the laterality in patients with primary aldosteronism. Methods: This retrospective study was approved by the institutional review board of Gifu University Hospital, and written informed consent was waived. A total of 37 consecutive patients with primary aldosteronism underwent AVS by inserting a microcatheter into the right adrenal central vein (RCV), left adrenal central vein (LCV), and left adrenal common trunk (CT) followed by AVS with 5-French (5-Fr) catheter. The diagnosis of aldosterone hypersecretion was confirmed if the plasma aldosterone level after the administration of cosyntropin injection was ≥14,000 pg/ml. The laterality of aldosterone hypersecretion was determined based on the lateralized and contralateral ratios. Aldosterone hypersecretion and the laterality were diagnosed and compared based on the results obtained using 5-Fr catheter and microcatheter. Results: Plasma aldosterone levels were significantly higher in the RCV, LCV, and CT selected using microcatheter than in the right and left adrenal veins (LAVs) selected using 5-Fr catheter (p < 0.0001–0.029). More aldosterone hypersecretion from the left adrenal gland was observed in the LCV (n = 28) and CT (n = 25) selected using microcatheter compared to the LAV selected using 5-Fr catheter (n = 6) (p < 0.0001). Diagnostic changes in the laterality from unilateral to bilateral were noted in 3 (8%) patients using microcatheter. Conclusion: Microcatheter can effectively assess aldosterone hypersecretion and the laterality, especially in the LAV. Advances in knowledge: Especially for the left adrenal venous sampling, the tip of microcatheter could certainly reach the left adrenal vein orifice compared with 5-Fr catheter, therefore correct diagnosis is made and this leads to appropriate treatment.
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Fukuma, Kazuki, Katsufumi Kajimoto, Tomotaka Tanaka, Shigetoshi Takaya, Katsuya Kobayashi, Akihiro Shimotake, Riki Matsumoto, Akio Ikeda, Kazunori Toyoda, and Masafumi Ihara. "Visualizing prolonged hyperperfusion in post-stroke epilepsy using postictal subtraction SPECT." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 41, no. 1 (February 16, 2020): 146–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0271678x20902742.
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Diagnosis of post-stroke epilepsy is often challenging because of a low incidence of epileptiform abnormalities on electroencephalography (EEG). Hence, this study evaluated whether postictal subtraction single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) could visualize epileptic activity and act as a diagnostic modality in post-stroke epilepsy. Fifty post-stroke epilepsy patients, who had undergone Tc-99m-ECD SPECT twice (postictal and interictal), were enrolled. The postictal hyperperfusion area was identified by subtraction (postictal–interictal) SPECT and classified into two distribution types: superficial or deep-seated. Laterality and distribution of postictal hyperperfusion on subtraction SPECT were compared with stroke lesions, seizure symptoms, and epileptiform EEG findings. Forty-three of the 50 patients (86%) had hyperperfusion on subtraction SPECT and 26 (52%) had epileptiform EEG findings. Subtraction SPECT showed prolonged postictal hyperperfusion despite the relatively long interval between seizure end and postictal SPECT (median: 19.1 h, range: 2.2–112.5 h). The laterality of the hyperperfusion area had a high concordance rate with the laterality of stroke lesions (97.7%), seizure symptoms (91.9%), and epileptiform EEG findings (100%). Scalp EEG identified epileptiform activity more frequently in superficial type of SPECT, but less frequently in deep-seated type (both, P = 0.03). Postictal SPECT can be complementary to scalp EEG in endorsing the diagnosis and location of post-stroke epilepsy.
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Tschoner, Theresa, Yury Zablotski, and Melanie Feist. "Retrospective Evaluation of Claw Lesions, Inflammatory Markers, and Outcome after Abomasal Rolling in Cattle with Left Displacement of the Abomasum." Animals 11, no. 6 (June 1, 2021): 1648. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11061648.
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Lameness is often diagnosed in cattle with left displacement of the abomasum (LDA). Laterality of lying has an effect on the etiology of LDA, and lame cows prefer to lie on the affected limb. The objective of this study was to investigate the possible association between laterality of claw lesion and presence of LDA. The medical records of 252 cattle presented with a diagnosis of LDA and subjected to a diagnostic examination of claw lesions over a period of 11 years (2009–2019), were analyzed retrospectively. Data were evaluated for presence and localization of claw lesion, concentrations of inflammatory markers, and abomasal rolling as therapy. At least one claw lesion was diagnosed in 46.4% of cattle. There was no association between laterality of claw lesion and LDA. Presence of claw lesion or oral drench and/or analgesic treatment did not have an effect on occurrence of relapse. A high number of cattle was diagnosed with both LDA and claw lesions. Focus should lie on preventing painful claw lesions in the dry and the early post-partum period. The high recurrence rate after abomasal rolling suggests that abomasal rolling should only be considered as a therapy for temporary relief, and surgical procedures should be discussed with farmers.
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Solovev, E. A., T. V. Kovalenko, and V. A. Duvanskiy. "Modern endoscopic methods for the diagnosis of laterally spreading tumors (LST) of the colon." Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology 1, no. 5 (August 19, 2021): 74–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-189-5-74-81.
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The aim: to focus on the possibilities of modern endoscopy in the diagnosis of laterally spreading (creeping) tumors — LST (laterally spreading tumor) of the colon.Materials and methods: description and comparison, based on data available in the literature, of modern endoscopic techniques for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of LST.Results: the analysis and systematization of the obtained data revealed the advantages of modern endoscopic diagnostic methods not only in detecting LST, but also in predicting their morphological structure.Conclusion: the use of modern endoscopic diagnostic methods allows not only to improve the detection of neoplasms, but also to choose the best options for further treatment based on the information received.
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McGilchrist, Iain, and John Cutting. "Somatic Delusions in Schizophrenia and the Affective Psychoses." British Journal of Psychiatry 167, no. 3 (September 1995): 350–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.167.3.350.
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BackgroundDelusions relating to the body, a ready source of information about the immediate experiences of psychotic patients, have not been systematically studied. We attempted an account of the phenomena, looking for differences between diagnostic groupings in the type and lateralisation of such phenomena, and for evidence of localisation.MethodSomatic delusions elicited at interview with 550 Research Diagnostic Criteria-diagnosed psychotic patients were categorised according to content, and the results were compared across diagnostic groupings.ResultsSignificant differences were demonstrated, both at the level of individual delusions and in the nature and overall pattern of such delusions. There were also differences between diagnostic groups in the choice of body parts involved. Among male patients there were significant differences in laterality between the groups, with schizophrenic subjects locating abnormal phenomena principally on the left and depressive subjects on the right. A provisional taxonomy of bodily delusions was developed.ConclusionPhenomenological differences between the psychoses were demonstrated and the results offer some support for current hypotheses of localisation of brain dysfunction in the psychotic illnesses.
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Horton, Arthur MacNeill, Jack Vaeth, and Juline Anilane. "Computerized Interpretation of the Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery: A Pilot Study." Perceptual and Motor Skills 71, no. 1 (August 1990): 83–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1990.71.1.83.
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Programs for the computer analysis and interpretation of neuropsychological test data have been developed in recent years. In this paper, a new computer program, with initial validation data, is presented. Diagnostic hit rate for brain damage was 80% (52 of 65). For the extent of brain damage the hit rate was 60% (12 of 20). When laterality was considered, the hit rate was 71% (10 of 14). These results are comparable with computer programs for data from the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychology Test Battery.
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Gulyaev, I. P., O. B. Kovalev, P. A. Pinaev, and G. N. Grachev. "Optical diagnostics of radiation interaction with the powder stream laterally transported during laser cladding." Optics and Lasers in Engineering 126 (March 2020): 105877. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optlaseng.2019.105877.
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Marim, Everton de A., Regina Lafasse, and Victor H. A. Okazaki. "Global lateral preference inventory." Brazilian Journal of Motor Behavior 6, no. 3 (November 27, 2011): 14–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.20338/bjmb.v6i3.178.
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This study developed and validated the contents of an inventory of global lateral preference (IPLAG) that can be applied as self-assessment which included representing everyday tasks and different dimensions of laterality, such as (a) hand preference, (b) foot preference, (c) trunk preference, (d) eye preference, and (e) ear preference. To validate the IPLAG, it was referred for evaluation of content by professional doctors in the area of Motor Behavior in Brazil. It was analyzed the coherence of the task with the lateral dimension proposed, the understanding of the statement in the proposed task, suggestions for modification in the description of the proposed tasks, also allowing the reviewers to suggest other tasks for the inventory, and other suggestions for the inventory improvement. The analysis of the suggestions from the reviewers was held in a quantitative manner, using absolute and relative frequency of the notes supplied by the evaluators, and qualitatively by a Likert scale established in the instrument provided to reviewers. Evaluators’ analyses pointed to the quality of IPLAG as a feature for assessing global lateral preference. Therefore, the IPLAG may be an interesting feature for research and practical diagnostic applications related to the different manifestations of human laterality.
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Olm, Mary Anne Kowal, Elia Garcia Caldini, and Thais Mauad. "Diagnosis of primary ciliary dyskinesia." Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia 41, no. 3 (June 2015): 251–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1806-37132015000004447.
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Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a genetic disorder of ciliary structure or function. It results in mucus accumulation and bacterial colonization of the respiratory tract which leads to chronic upper and lower airway infections, organ laterality defects, and fertility problems. We review the respiratory signs and symptoms of PCD, as well as the screening tests for and diagnostic investigation of the disease, together with details related to ciliary function, ciliary ultrastructure, and genetic studies. In addition, we describe the difficulties in diagnosing PCD by means of transmission electron microscopy, as well as describing patient follow-up procedures.
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Khunamornpong, Surapan, Prapaporn Suprasert, Suwalee Pojchamarnwiputh, Wittanee Na Chiangmai, Jongkolnee Settakorn, and Sumalee Siriaunkgul. "Primary and metastatic mucinous adenocarcinomas of the ovary: Evaluation of the diagnostic approach using tumor size and laterality." Gynecologic Oncology 101, no. 1 (April 2006): 152–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ygyno.2005.10.008.
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Muszynska, Agnes, Charles T. Hatch, and Donald E. Bently. "Dynamics of Anisotropically Supported Rotors." International Journal of Rotating Machinery 3, no. 2 (1997): 133–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s1023621x97000134.
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The paper discusses dynamic effects occurring in machinery rotors supported in bearings and pedestals with laterally different characteristics. In the considered rotor model the anisotropy of radial stiffness and tangential (“cross”) stiffness components are included. Within certain ranges of the rotative speed the support anisotropy leads to the specific, excited-by-unbalance rotor lateral synchronous vibrations in a form of backward (reverse) precession. In addition, one section of the rotor may precess backward, while the other section simultaneously precesses forward. Experimental results illustrate this phenomenon. The analytical model of the system is based on multimode modal approach. It is also shown in this paper that greatly enhanced information for machine malfunction diagnostics can be obtained by simulated rotation of the XY transducer system observing rotor lateral vibration. This simulated rotation can be accomplished by the machine diagnostic data acquistion and processing system. The data processing also includes extraction of forward and backward components of elliptical orbits filtered to one frequency, and the filtered orbit major axis magnitude and its angular orientation.Numerical examples, field data, and experimental results performed on a rotor rig illustrate applications.
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Oostra, R. J., N. Keulen, T. Jansen, and R. R. van Rijn. "Absence of the spleen(s) in conjoined twins: a diagnostic clue of laterality defects? Radiological study of historical specimens." Pediatric Radiology 42, no. 6 (January 12, 2012): 653–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00247-011-2316-8.
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Firl, Kevin C., Jacquie S. King, Kepher H. Makambi, and Christopher A. Loffredo. "Changes in the diagnosis of congenital cardiovascular malformations during the 1st year of life: impacts on epidemiological risk factor associations." Cardiology in the Young 27, no. 4 (August 30, 2016): 770–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s104795111600130x.
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AbstractMany epidemiological studies base their classification of congenital cardiovascular malformations in newborns upon a single, initial diagnosis. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of subsequent diagnostic investigations on the results of epidemiological studies. We used diagnostic codes from the Baltimore-Washington Infant Study from the time of birth and at ~1 year of age. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were used to identify associations between changes in diagnoses and infant characteristics, time period, that is, before and after introduction of color flow Doppler imaging, and diagnostic variables. Of the 3054 patients with data at both time points, 400 (13.1%) had diagnostic changes. For congenital cardiovascular malformations of early cardiogenesis, such as laterality and looping defects, conotruncal malformations, and atrioventricular septal defects, significant associations were observed between diagnostic change and case infants large for gestational age (odds ratio=0.22, p=0.01), diagnosed initially by echocardiography only (odds ratio=2.05, p=0.001), or with non-cardiac malformations (odds ratio=0.60, p=0.03). For all other congenital cardiovascular malformations, significant associations were observed with echocardiography-only diagnosis (odds ratio=1.43, p=0.04) and non-cardiac malformations (odds ratio=0.57, p<0.001). We found no statistically significant differences between risk factor odds ratios calculated using initial diagnoses versus those calculated using 1-year update diagnoses. Changes in congenital cardiovascular malformation diagnoses from birth to year 1 interval were significantly associated with infant characteristics and diagnostic modality but did not materially affect the outcome of risk factor associations.
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RICHARDS, ZOE T., and CARDEN C. WALLACE. "Acropora rongelapensis sp. nov., a new species of Acropora from the Marshall Islands (Scleractinia: Astrocoeniina: Acroporidae)." Zootaxa 590, no. 1 (August 3, 2004): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.590.1.1.
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A new coral species, Acropora rongelapensis, from the northern central Pacific Ocean is described. On present records, this species appears to be endemic to the Republic of the Marshall Islands. Distinguishing features of the species include sub-flattened branches with widely separated radial corallites born laterally. Diagnostic characters of the new species place it within the Acropora loripes group.
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Teramoto, Akira, Yoichi Yoshida, Naoko Sanno, and Shigeru Nemoto. "Cavernous sinus sampling in patients with adrenocorticotrophic hormone—dependent Cushing's syndrome with emphasis on inter- and intracavernous adrenocorticotrophic hormone gradients." Journal of Neurosurgery 89, no. 5 (November 1998): 762–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1998.89.5.0762.
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Object. As an alternative method to inferior petrosal sinus sampling with administration of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), the authors have developed a method of selective venous sampling directly from the cavernous sinus, which is performed using a superselective catheterization technique. The goal of this study is to assess this method. Methods. Catheterization to the cavernous sinus was performed in 44 patients with clinical and biochemical features of Cushing's syndrome. Forty of these patients in whom there was a definite clinical and/or histological diagnosis were evaluated. In 35 patients, a pituitary microadenoma was detected on magnetic resonance imaging and/or during surgery. Ectopic lesions were suspected in five patients, who later developed nonpituitary tumors. The central/peripheral (C/P) ratios of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) without CRH administration ranged from 5.2 to 448.1 (mean ± standard deviation, 66.7 ± 91.2) in cavernous sinuses and from 1.1 to 52 (mean ± standard deviation, 8.5 ± 9.9) in the inferior petrosal sinuses. The petrosal sinus sampling contained false negative results in eight patients (23%) based on a cutoff point of 2. On the contrary, patients with ectopic lesions did not show any increase in ACTH levels in either sampling portion. The intercavernous gradients of ACTH, ranging from 1.2 to 506.4, indicated the correct lateralization of microadenoma in the lateral wing in all 30 patients. The interpetrosal gradients, ranging from 1 to 31.4, did not give a sufficient value (≥ 1.4) in four patients (13%) with a lateral lesion. In five cases of midline tumors, the intercavernous and interpetrosal gradients indicated false laterality in three and four cases, respectively. The intracavernous (posterior—anterior) gradients, ranging from 1.04 to 60.7 (mean 14.9), showed a higher concentration of ACTH in the posterior portion of the sinus in all patients. Conclusions. These results suggest that 1) cavernous sinus sampling without CRH administration can demonstrate hypersecretion of ACTH from the pitutary gland with a high diagnostic accuracy; 2) intercavernous gradients will indicate the correct lateralization in laterally localized microadenomas; and 3) sampling should be performed from the posterior portion of the cavernous sinus.
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Vejarano, Silvia, Meike Thomas, and Miguel Vences. "Comparative tadpole morphology in three species of frogs of the genus Spinomantis (Amphibia: Mantellidae)." Contributions to Zoology 75, no. 01-02 (2006): 99–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18759866-0750102004.
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We describe the tadpoles of three species of Malagasy frogs, classified in the genus Spinomantis, based on specimens identified by DNA barcoding. The tadpole of Spinomantis aglavei is a typical Orton type IV larva. The oral disc is not emarginated laterally, but has two mid-ventral folds and a labial tooth row formula of 3(2- 3)/2(1). The tadpole of S. phantasticus is similar, the oral disc being laterally emarginated and having one medial fold; LTRF is 3/3(1). A third species, S. cf. fimbriatus is also similar to the other two species; the oral disc is not laterally emarginated but has three medial folds and LTRF is 3(2-3)/3(1). One shared character is a median fold or emargination in the lower part of the oral disc, although the shape of this fold is different in each of the three species. Only single specimens were available for examination in S. aglavei and S. phantasticus , preventing a further discussion of intraspecific morphological variation and of possibly diagnostic characters of larval morphology.
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Lehmacher, W., and M. Hellmich. "A Ruler for Interpreting Diagnostic Test Results." Methods of Information in Medicine 44, no. 01 (2005): 124–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1633930.
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Summary Objectives: Bayes’ rule formalizes how the pre-test probability of having a condition of interest is changed by a diagnostic test result to yield the post-test probability of having the condition. To simplify this calculation a geometric solution in form of a ruler is presented. Methods: Using odds and the likelihood ratio of a test result in favor of having the condition of interest, Bayes’ rule can succinctly be expressed as ”the post-test odds equals the pre-test odds times the likelihood ratio”. Taking logarithms of both sides yields an additive equation. Results: The additive log odds equation can easily be solved geometrically. We propose a ruler made of two scales to be adjusted laterally. A different, widely used solution in form of a nomogram was published by Fagan [2]. Conclusions: Whilst use of the nomogram seems more obvious, the ruler may be easier to operate in clinical practice since no straight edge is needed for precise reading. Moreover, the ruler yields more intuitive results because it shows the change in probability due to a given test result on the same scale.
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McMechan, George A. "Synthetic finite‐offset vertical seismic profiles for laterally varying media." GEOPHYSICS 50, no. 4 (April 1985): 627–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1441938.
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The analysis of vertical seismic profile (VSP) data is generally directed toward determination of rock properties (such as velocity, impedance, attenuation, and anisotropy) as functions of depth (that is, in a one‐dimensional model). If VSPs are extended to include observations from sources at multiple, finite offsets, then lateral variation in structure near the drill hole can be studied. Synthetic offset VSPs are computed by an acoustic finite‐difference algorithm for two‐dimensional models that include the main types of structural traps. These show that diagnostic lateral variations can be detected and interpreted in VSPs. In a VSP, lateral structure variations may produce changes in the type and number of arrivals, in amplitudes, in time and phase shifts, in interference patterns, in curvature of arrival branches, and in the focusing and defocusing of energy. All of these effects are functions of the positions of the source(s) and receiver(s); numerical modeling is a potentially useful tool for interpretation of VSP data from laterally varying structure.
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Jacovic, Sasa, Marija Zivkovic-Radojevic, and Dejan Petrovic. "Secondary Hypertension: Differential Diagnosis and Basic Principles of Treatment." Serbian Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research 17, no. 4 (December 1, 2016): 349–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sjecr-2015-0056.
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Abstract Secondary hypertension occurs in 5-10% of cases in the patient population with primary hypertension. The most common forms of secondary hypertension are as follows: parenchymal renal disease (renoparenchymal hypertension), renal artery stenosis (renovascular hypertension), adrenal gland adenoma (primary hyperaldosteronism), a tumour of the adrenal gland marrow (pheochromocytoma) and adenoma of adrenal and pituitary glands (Cushing’s syndrome). In patients with a typical clinical picture of secondary hypertension, the appropriate diagnostic tests should be conducted based on the suspected form of secondary hypertension. Determining a diagnosis of secondary hypertension is gradual. First, the appropriate screening tests are performed. If the screening test is positive, then additional tests to confirm the forms of secondary hypertension are conducted. Once a diagnosis of the appropriate form of secondary hypertension is confirmed, tests to distinguish causes and laterality tests to determine the precise localisation of the pathological process are applied to evaluate the response to therapy. Analysing the results of endocrine diagnostic tests provides an accurate diagnosis and selection of optimal therapeutic procedures.
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Chen, Jenny X., Bart Kachniarz, and Jennifer J. Shin. "Diagnostic Yield of Computed Tomography Scan for Pediatric Hearing Loss." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 151, no. 5 (September 3, 2014): 718–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0194599814545727.
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Background Computed tomography (CT) has been used in the assessment of pediatric hearing loss, but concern regarding radiation risk and increased utilization of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have prompted us toward a more quantitative and sophisticated understanding of CT’s potential diagnostic yield. Objective To perform a systematic review to analyze the diagnostic yield of CT for pediatric hearing loss, including subgroup evaluation according to impairment severity and laterality, as well as the specific findings of enlarged vestibular aqueduct and narrow cochlear nerve canal. Data Sources PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were assessed from the date of their inception to December 2013. In addition, manual searches of bibliographies were performed and topic experts were contacted. Review Methods Data from studies describing the use of CT in the diagnostic evaluation of pediatric patients with hearing loss of unknown etiology were evaluated, according to a priori inclusion/exclusion criteria. Two independent evaluators corroborated the extracted data. Heterogeneity was evaluated according to the I2 statistic. Results In 50 criteria-meeting studies, the overall diagnostic yield of CT ranged from 7% to 74%, with the strongest and aggregate data demonstrating a point estimate of 30%. This estimate corresponded to a number needed to image of 4 (range, 2-15). The most commonly identified findings were enlarged vestibular aqueduct and cochlear anomalies. The largest studies showed a 4% to 7% yield for narrow cochlear nerve canal. Conclusion These data, along with similar analyses of radiation risk and risks/benefits of sedated MRI, may be used to help guide the choice of diagnostic imaging.
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Wada, Norio, Yui Shibayama, Takashi Yoneda, Takuyuki Katabami, Isao Kurihara, Mika Tsuiki, Takamasa Ichijo, et al. "Lateralizing Asymmetry of Adrenal Imaging and Adrenal Vein Sampling in Patients With Primary Aldosteronism." Journal of the Endocrine Society 3, no. 7 (May 16, 2019): 1393–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/js.2019-00131.
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Abstract Context In patients with primary aldosteronism (PA), it remains unclear whether aldosterone-producing adenomas are likely to develop in the left or right adrenal gland. Objective To investigate left-right differences of PA laterality diagnoses via CT imaging and adrenal vein sampling (AVS). Design Retrospective, observational study. Patients From the Japan Primary Aldosteronism Study, 1493 patients with PA were enrolled who underwent CT and ACTH-stimulated AVS. Measurements Left or right adrenal nodular lesion distribution and laterality observed on CT scans and from AVS were noted. Results Both on CT scans and AVS, unilateral results were observed more frequently on the left side than on the right side (25.1% vs 15.4% and 17.3% vs 13.5%, respectively; P < 0.01for both diagnostic techniques). There was no significant difference in the concordance rate for CT and AVS between patients with left and right unilateral nodular lesions observed on CT scans (44.1% and 50.9%, respectively; P = 0.15). In patients with nodules <20 mm, the concordance rate was significantly greater on the right side than the left side (45.8% vs 56.4%; P = 0.03). In patients with bilateral results of AVS, unilateral nodular lesions were detected more frequently on the left side than the right side (17.8% vs 9.4%; P < 0.01). Conclusion These results suggest aldosterone-producing adenomas and nonfunctioning tumors are more likely to develop on the left side in patients with PA and that misdiagnosis of CT-based lateralization may occur more frequently on the left side.
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Bell, M. J. "The nonlinear evolution of a slowly growing wave on a laterally sheared baroclinic flow." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 241 (August 1992): 615–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112092002179.
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Wave disturbances to baroclinic flows produce cyclones in the atmosphere and eddies in the oceans and have been extensively studied in laboratory experiments with differentially heated annuli of rotating fluid. Related analytical studies have concentrated mainly on the development of slowly growing waves on laterally uniform zonal flows. Neutral inviscid waves on such flows do not advect their own potential vorticity field whereas neutral waves on most laterally sheared baroclinic flows do. Scaling arguments suggest that on these laterally sheared flows the harmonics generated by the neutral waves play the dominant role in arresting the initial growth of weakly unstable waves. The arrest of a wave is chiefly accomplished by fully nonlinear advection within a critical layer centred on the wave's steering level whose depth is proportional to the wave's amplitude. Explicit numerical solutions illustrating these points are presented for a case in which the critical level is non-singular and the inviscid calculations comparatively straightforward. The stability of the solutions and the effects of diffusive fluxes on them are discussed. Potential vorticity diagnostics for a numerical simulation of a wave flow in a rotating annulus near the axisymmetric transition show that distortion of the wave's potential vorticity field is mainly confined to the vicinity of the steering level. Assumptions and approximations made in the explicit calculations which are of doubtful validity for this flow are highlighted.
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Turan, Taner, Burcu Aykan, Sevgi Koc, Nurettin Boran, Gokhan Tulunay, Ozlem Karacay, Zuhal Erdogan, and Faruk Kose. "Analysis of Metastatic Ovarian Tumors from Extragenital Primary Sites." Tumori Journal 92, no. 6 (November 2006): 491–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030089160609200605.
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Aims and background The aim of this study was to evaluate patients with metastatic ovarian tumors from extragenital primary sites. Methods The medical records of 75 patients were reviewed retrospectively for age at diagnosis, presenting symptoms, preoperative tumor marker levels, preoperative diagnostic workup, operative technique, intraoperative evaluation, frozen-section and pathology results, laterality of metastasis, and primary tumor site. The specific impact of metastasis from colorectal and gastric primary sites on laterality, gross features and dimensions of ovarian mass, volume of ascites and tumor marker levels was investigated. Results Primary sites were stomach (37.3%), colorectal region (28%), lymphoma (12%), breast (6.7%), biliary system (2.7%), appendix (1.3%) and small intestine (1.3%). It was not possible to identify the primary tumor site in 8 (10.7%) patients. Bilateral metastasis was found in 86.4% patients; 42.7% of the metastatic ovarian tumors were Krukenberg tumors; 50.7% of the ovarian masses were solid. Frozen section was confirmed by postoperative pathological results in 98% of the patients. The mean preoperative serum levels of tumor markers were 298.7 U/mL, 178 U/mL and 113.3 U/mL for CA 125, CA 19-9 and CA 15-3, respectively. CA 125 levels were above 35 U/mL in 81.3% of the patients. The presence of ascites was more frequent in ovarian tumors originating from colorectal and gastric primaries. Conclusions Surgery is essential for the diagnosis of the primary tumor and necessary for relief of symptoms. The identification of the primary site is required to plan adequate treatment.
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Novis, David A., Richard J. Zarbo, and Paul A. Valenstein. "Diagnostic Uncertainty Expressed in Prostate Needle Biopsies." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 123, no. 8 (August 1, 1999): 687–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/1999-123-0687-dueipn.
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Abstract Objective.—To determine the rate of diagnostic uncertainty in rendering diagnoses on prostate needle biopsies and to examine pathology practice variables that influence that rate. Design.—Anatomic pathology departments participating in the College of American Pathologists Q-Probes laboratory quality improvement program retrospectively reviewed their last 50 consecutive prostate needle biopsy diagnoses. For each diagnosis, participants provided information concerning patients' prostate-specific antigen levels; number, locations, and laterality of biopsy specimens; number of tissue levels examined; performance of high-molecular-weight cytokeratin immunoperoxidase staining; and acquisition of consultations from general pathologists or experts in prostate pathology. Characteristics of pathology practices included yearly surgical and prostate needle biopsy caseloads, number of pathologists rendering biopsy diagnoses, use of standard descriptive checklists, access to patients' prostate-specific antigen and digital rectal examination results, percentages of prostate needle biopsies routinely submitted for internal consultations, and presence of departmental experts in prostate pathology. Setting and Participants.—Three hundred thirty-two public and private institutions located in the United States (n = 318), Canada (n = 6), Australia (n = 5), United Kingdom (n = 2), and Guam (n = 1). Main Outcome Measure.—The rate of diagnostic uncertainty in prostate needle biopsy diagnoses. Results.—Participants submitted diagnoses on a total of 15 753 prostate needle biopsy cases, of which 33.4% were adenocarcinoma; 55.5% were benign; 3.9% were carcinoma in situ, prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, or both; and 7.1% were diagnostically uncertain. The median rate of diagnostic uncertainty was 6%, ranging from 0 at the 10th percentile to 14% at the 90th percentile of all participating laboratories. Performing high-molecular-weight cytokeratin immunoperoxidase staining resolved diagnostic uncertainty in 68% of cases in which it was performed, and obtaining intradepartmental and extradepartmental consultations resolved diagnostic uncertainty in 70% to 87% of cases for which they were obtained. Knowledge of patients' prostate-specific antigen results and examining multiple biopsy cores had marginal effects on the rate of uncertainty. Thoroughness of prostate gland sampling and examination of multiple tissue block levels were not associated with the aggregate rate of diagnostic uncertainty. We found no particular pathology departmental practices or institutional demographic characteristics associated with institutional rates of diagnostic uncertainty. Conclusions.—Use of high-molecular-weight cytokeratin immunoperoxidase staining and obtaining intradepartmental and extradepartmental consultations may be effective in reducing diagnostic uncertainty in prostate biopsies.
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Alqahtani, Jaber S., Tope Oyelade, Jithin Sreedharan, Abdulelah M. Aldhahir, Saeed M. Alghamdi, Ahmed M. Alrajeh, Abdullah S. Alqahtani, et al. "Diagnostic and clinical values of non-cardiac ultrasound in COPD: A systematic review." BMJ Open Respiratory Research 7, no. 1 (September 2020): e000717. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjresp-2020-000717.
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BackgroundClinical and research utility of non-cardiac ultrasound (US) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been widely investigated. However, there is no systematic review assessing the clinical values of non-cardiac US techniques in COPD.MethodsWe systematically searched electronic databases from inception to 24 June 2020. Two independent reviewers in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines extracted data. A narrative synthesis of the results was conducted considering non-cardiac US techniques that looked for diaphragm, muscles and bones in patients with COPD.ResultsIn total, 2573 abstracts were screened, and 94 full-text papers were reviewed. A total of 54 studies met the inclusion criteria. Thirty-five studies assessed the diaphragm, while 19 studies evaluated different muscles, including limb muscles and pulmonary lesions in COPD using US. Of the 54 included studies, 30% (16/54) evaluated the changes in either limb muscles or diaphragmatic features before and after physical interventions; 67% (36/54) assessed the correlations between sonographic features and COPD severity. Indeed, 14/15 and 9/13 studies reported a significant reduction in diaphragm excursion and thickness in COPD compared with healthy subjects, respectively; this was correlated significantly with the severity and prognosis of COPD. Three studies reported links between diaphragm length and COPD, where lower diaphragm length correlated with poorer prognosis and outcomes. Quadriceps (rectus femoris), ankle dorsiflexor (tibialis anterior) and vastus lateralis were the most common muscles in COPD assessed by US. More than 70% (12/17) of the studies reported a significant reduction in the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the rectus femoris, rectus femoris and vastus lateralis thickness in COPD compared with healthy subjects. Quadriceps CSA and thickness correlated positively with COPD prognosis, in which patients with reduced quadriceps CSA and thickness have higher risk of exacerbation, readmission and death.ConclusionUS measurements of diaphragm excursion and thickness, as well as lower limb muscles strength, size and thickness, may provide a safe, portable and effective alternative to radiation-based techniques in diagnosis and prognosis as well as tracking improvement postintervention in patients with COPD.
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Giles, L., K. Webster, J. McClelland, and J. Cook. "Can diagnostic ultrasound measure quadriceps size and vastus medialis to vastus lateralis ratio in patellofemoral pain syndrome?" Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 16 (December 2013): e65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2013.10.154.
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Martinů, Vendula, Lucie Bořek-Dohalská, Žofia Varényiová, Jiří Uhlík, Václav Čapek, Petr Pohunek, and Václav Koucký. "Evaluation of a Clinical Index as a Predictive Tool for Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia." Diagnostics 11, no. 6 (June 14, 2021): 1088. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11061088.
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Background: In primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) there is no single diagnostic test. Different predictive tools have been proposed to guide referral of high-risk patients for further diagnostic workup. We aimed to test clinical index (CI) on a large unselected cohort and compare its characteristics with other widely used tools—PICADAR and NA-CDCF. Methods: CI, PICADAR, and NA-CDCF scores were calculated in 1401 patients with suspected PCD referred to our center. Their predictive characteristics were analyzed using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves and compared to each other. Nasal nitric oxide (nNO) was measured in 569 patients older than 3 years. Results: PCD was diagnosed in 67 (4.8%) patients. CI, PICADAR, and NA-CDCF scores were higher in PCD than in nonPCD group (all p < 0.001). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for CI was larger than for NA-CDCF (p = 0.005); AUCPICADAR and AUCNA-CDCF did not differ (p = 0.093). An overlap in signs and symptoms among tools was identified. PICADAR could not be assessed in 86 (6.1%) patients without chronic wet cough. For CI laterality or congenital heart defects assessment was not necessary. nNO further improved predictive power of all three tools. Conclusion: CI is a feasible predictive tool for PCD that may outperform PICADAR and NA-CFCD.
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Bellis, Teri James, and Jody Ross. "Performance of Normal Adults and Children on Central Auditory Diagnostic Tests and Their Corresponding Visual Analogs." Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 22, no. 08 (September 2011): 491–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.3766/jaaa.22.8.2.
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Background: It has been suggested that, in order to validate a diagnosis of (C)APD (central auditory processing disorder), testing using direct cross-modal analogs should be performed to demonstrate that deficits exist solely or primarily in the auditory modality (McFarland and Cacace, 1995; Cacace and McFarland, 2005). This modality-specific viewpoint is controversial and not universally accepted (American Speech-Language-Hearing Association [ASHA], 2005; Musiek et al, 2005). Further, no such analogs have been developed to date, and neither the feasibility of such testing in normally functioning individuals nor the concurrent validity of cross-modal analogs has been established. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of cross-modal testing by examining the performance of normal adults and children on four tests of central auditory function and their corresponding visual analogs. In addition, this study investigated the degree to which concurrent validity of auditory and visual versions of these tests could be demonstrated. Research Design: An experimental repeated measures design was employed. Study Sample: Participants consisted of two groups (adults, n = 10; children, n = 10) with normal and symmetrical hearing sensitivity, normal or corrected-to-normal visual acuity, and no family or personal history of auditory/otologic, language, learning, neurologic, or related disorders. Data Collection and Analysis: Visual analogs of four tests in common clinical use for the diagnosis of (C)APD were developed (Dichotic Digits [Musiek, 1983]; Frequency Patterns [Pinheiro and Ptacek, 1971]; Duration Patterns [Pinheiro and Musiek, 1985]; and the Random Gap Detection Test [RGDT; Keith, 2000]). Participants underwent two 1 hr test sessions separated by at least 1 wk. Order of sessions (auditory, visual) and tests within each session were counterbalanced across participants. ANOVAs (analyses of variance) were used to examine effects of group, modality, and laterality (for the Dichotic/Dichoptic Digits tests) or response condition (for the auditory and visual Frequency Patterns and Duration Patterns tests). Pearson product-moment correlations were used to investigate relationships between auditory and visual performance. Results: Adults performed significantly better than children on the Dichotic/Dichoptic Digits tests. Results also revealed a significant effect of modality, with auditory better than visual, and a significant modality × laterality interaction, with a right-ear advantage seen for the auditory task and a left-visual-field advantage seen for the visual task. For the Frequency Patterns test and its visual analog, results revealed a significant modality × response condition interaction, with humming better than labeling for the auditory version but the reversed effect for the visual version. For Duration Patterns testing, visual performance was significantly poorer than auditory performance. Due to poor test-retest reliability and ceiling effects for the auditory and visual gap-detection tasks, analyses could not be performed. No cross-modal correlations were observed for any test. Conclusions: Results demonstrated that cross-modal testing is at least feasible using easily accessible computer hardware and software. The lack of any cross-modal correlations suggests independent processing mechanisms for auditory and visual versions of each task. Examination of performance in individuals with central auditory and pan-sensory disorders is needed to determine the utility of cross-modal analogs in the differential diagnosis of (C)APD.
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Haj Yahya, Bahaa, Dror Bar-Hai, David Samehov, Gavriel Chaushu, and Yafit Hamzani. "Sinus Augmentation—Expect the Unexpected: Diagnostic Anatomical Study." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 19 (September 22, 2021): 4293. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10194293.
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“Big-nose variant” is an anatomical phenomenon defined as the pneumatization of inferior third of the nasal cavity within the alveolar ridge while simultaneously displacing the maxillary sinus laterally. The purpose of the present study was to assess the prevalence of the big-nose variant phenomenon and suggest a morphology classification system. Diagnostic anatomical evaluation was performed in a tertiary medical center on 321 randomly selected maxillary cone beam computerized tomography scans of patients who presented at an oral and maxillofacial department. Two anatomical categories were defined for anatomical identification: classes for horizontal mesiodistal distribution, and divisions for vertical distribution. Class 2, defined as location of the nasal/sinus border between the distal edge of the canine up to the distal edge of second premolar, was found to be the most prevalent (64.6%). Class 3, defined as location of the nasal/sinus border distal to mesial edge of the first molar, was found in 17.9% of cases. Regarding the divisions category, in 96% and 58.2% of teeth examined, nasal cavity alone was found to be superior to the canine and first premolar, respectively, defined as Division A. In 46.9% and 85.6% of teeth examined, maxillary sinus alone was located above the second premolar and first molar, respectively, defined as Division C. Identifying Class 3 on the paraxial reconstruction is the first step in identifying big-nose variant, with further assurance gained from each determining division. The use of the classes and divisions may enable better maxillary treatment planning, alert surgeons for the unexpected, and avoid complications.
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Almeida, Luciana de, Glaucia Luciano da Veiga, Fernando Martins de Oliveira, Fernando Luiz Affonso Fonseca, Vagner Loduca Lima, and Júlio Zaki Abucham Neto. "Incidence of clinical and subclinical macular edema in patients submitted to phacoemulsification in a university health service." ABCS Health Sciences 45, Suppl.3 (December 28, 2020): e020103. http://dx.doi.org/10.7322/abcshs.2020s03.1850.
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Introduction: The incidence of cystoid macular edema (CME) after cataract surgery varies substantially and depending on the diagnostic method used. In addition, other factors that influence the incidence of CME are the technique of surgery and the associated comorbidities. Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the incidence of EMC after uncomplicated phacoemulsification surgery, using the spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT). Methods: The incidence of sub-clinical and clinical CME was evaluated in 14 patients who underwent uncomplicated phacoemulsification surgery, using OCT before the surgical procedure and after seven and 28 days after it. The volunteers could not use a prostaglandin analogue or present any retinopathy that compromised visual acuity. Results: The incidence of clinically significant CME was 6.4%, however retinal thickening by OCT was observed in all patients in the fourth postoperative week. Regarding gender and laterality, the percentages were similar. Conclusion: In this study, we obtained a low incidence of EMC in patients assisted at this center, corroborating multicenter studies.
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Zakaria, Hesham, Ankush Chandra, Mohamed Macki, Adam Robin, Tobias Walbert, Victor Chang, Steven Kalkanis, and Ian Lee. "INNV-21. IN NEWLY-DIAGNOSED GLIOBLASTOMA, FRAILTY/SARCOPENIA PREDICTS 30D MORBIDITY & 30D, 90D, AND OVERALL MORTALITY AS ACCURATELY AS CURRENT STANDARDS." Neuro-Oncology 21, Supplement_6 (November 2019): vi135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noz175.564.
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Abstract INTRODUCTION Identification of novel prognostic biomarkers for glioblastoma (GBM) could stratify patients between aggressive or palliative treatments. Frailty, as measured by sarcopenia (lack of muscle mass), has been proven to predict survival in cancers. We evaluate whether the frailty/sarcopenia phenotype (FSP) predicts morbidity and mortality in GBM, and compare it to other survival markers. METHODS In 257 patients undergoing initial diagnostic surgery for GBM, FSP was defined by temporalis muscle thickness from preoperative MRI; patients were grouped into tertiles (thirds) based on size, which corresponded to the severity of FSP. Morbidity and mortality hazard ratios were calculated from surgery using multivariate analysis, accounting for age, gender, past medical history, tumor focality / laterality / eloquence / volume, extent of resection, MGMT / IDH status, and initiation of postoperative chemo/radiation. Morbidity was defined as any of these events within 30d: DVT, PE, SSI, UTI, MI, urinary retention, ileus, readmission. RESULTS FSP at diagnostic surgery predicted any morbidity (OR2.98, P= 0.005) at 30d. FSP at diagnostic surgery was the only risk factor associated with 30d mortality (OR10.0, P= 0.030), and was also strongly associated with 90d mortality (OR25.0, P= 0.003). FSP at diagnostic surgery was associated with decreased overall survival (OR0.41, P< 0.001) at a level comparable to other mortality predictors, including temozolomide/EBRT (OR0.27), gross total resection (OR0.54), favorable MGMT (OR0.44) or IDH (OR0.44) mutations. Kaplan-Meier curves display overall survival based on severity of FSP. CONCLUSION FSP is a preoperative, simple, accurate, and non-invasive methodology to predict 30d morbidity & 30-day, 90-day, and overall mortality from diagnosis in GBM. FSP is independent of age (not an age surrogate), demographic, oncologic, genetic, surgical, and therapeutic factors. Mortality prediction is comparable to temozolamid/EBRT, total resection, MGMT, and IDH. It is a low cost, intuitive, and potentially universal methodology to guide treatment decision making.
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Webborn, Anthony D., Paul Castle, and Peter Watt. "The Use Of Diagnostic Ultrasound To Evaluate The Optimum Depth For Muscle Biopsy Of The Vastus Lateralis Muscle." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 41 (May 2009): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000355179.68789.2e.
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Smith, Eleanor S., and Trevor J. Crawford. "Memory-Guided Saccades in Psychosis: Effects of Medication and Stimulus Location." Brain Sciences 11, no. 8 (August 16, 2021): 1071. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11081071.
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The memory-guided saccade task requires the remembrance of a peripheral target location, whilst inhibiting the urge to make a saccade ahead of an auditory cue. The literature has explored the endophenotypic deficits associated with differences in target laterality, but less is known about target amplitude. The data presented came from Crawford et al. (1995), employing a memory-guided saccade task among neuroleptically medicated and non-medicated patients with schizophrenia (n = 31, n = 12), neuroleptically medicated and non-medicated bipolar affective disorder (n = 12, n = 17), and neurotypical controls (n = 30). The current analyses explore the relationships between memory-guided saccades toward targets with different eccentricities (7.5° and 15°), the discernible behaviour exhibited amongst diagnostic groups, and cohorts distinguished based on psychotic symptomatology. Saccade gain control and final eye position were reduced among medicated-schizophrenia patients. These metrics were reduced further among targets with greater amplitudes (15°), indicating greater deficit. The medicated cohort exhibited reduced gain control and final eye positions in both amplitudes compared to the non-medicated cohort, with deficits markedly observed for the furthest targets. No group differences in symptomatology (positive and negative) were reported, however, a greater deficit was observed toward the larger amplitude. This suggests that within the memory-guided saccade paradigm, diagnostic classification is more prominent in characterising disparities in saccade performance than symptomatology.
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Swanepoel, Wessel. "Commiphora namibensis (Burseraceae), a new species from Angola." Phytotaxa 178, no. 3 (September 17, 2014): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.178.3.7.
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Commiphora namibensis Swanepoel, described here as a new species, is known only from the Kaokoveld Centre of Endemism, southwestern Angola. It appears to be closely related to C. virgata Engl. Diagnostic morphological characters of C. namibensis include the mostly spinescent lateral branches and branchlets, trifoliolate leaves, rarely with a few simple ones also present, the leaflets which are shiny adaxially and a laterally slightly compressed putamen with a yellow pseudo-aril. Illustrations of the plant and a distribution map are provided. Mainly confined to near the coast, the new species is widespread but uncommon between Namibe and Santa Maria.
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Attia, Ahmed, Karim Mahmoud Khamis, Tarek Taha, Osama Aldahamsheh, and Mohamed Maged Mekhaimar. "Peroneal tendon dislocation in Talus fracture and diagnostic value of fleck sign." Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 3, no. 3 (July 1, 2018): 2473011418S0014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011418s00146.
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Category: Trauma Introduction/Purpose: INTRODUCTION: Talus fractures are not uncommon and one of the serious fractures in foot and ankle. Peroneal tendon dislocation is one of the commonly missed soft tissue injuries which may have significant impact on the outcomes including persistent pain and swelling. AIM: To report the incidence of peroneal tendon dislocation in talus fracture and the significance of fleck sign in the diagnosis of peroneal tendon dislocation. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 100 consecutive talus fractures in the period between 1/1/2011 to 1/7/2017. Inclusion criteria were: The patient underwent open reduction and internal fixation, had pre-operative CT scan that is available for review and 3 views ankle plain radiographs. 2 independent authors review the radiographs for peroneal tendon dislocation, fleck sign and fracture classification if any. Any dispute was resolved by the senior author. Patient records were reviewed for laterality, age, sex, mode of injury, associated injuries and operative interventions. 43 ankles met inclusion criteria. 42 were males, mean age was 31 year and the predominant modes of injury were fall from height or unknown. Results: Peroneal tendon dislocation was found in 9 patients out of 43. (20%). All dislocations were found in talar neck fractures, and up to 67% of Hawkins type III and IV Talar neck fractures were associated with peroneal tendon dislocation. Risk of dislocation increased with severity of the fracture. 5 cases of peroneal tendon dislocation out of 9 were associated with lateral or bimalleolar fractures. Most of the dislocations were missed and no additional procedures were done to address such injury. Fleck sign sensitivity was 44.4% while specificity was 88%. The Negative Predictive Value (PPV) was 86%. Conclusion: Peroneal tendons dislocation is associated with 20% of talus fractures. The incidence of dislocation increases with neck fracture and severity of these fractures. Fleck sign is highly specific radiographic sign and hence we recommend intra-operative assessment of peroneal tendons in patients with fleck sign.
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Sozzi, Giulio, Marco Petrillo, Valerio Gallotta, Mariano Catello Di Donna, Marco Ferreri, Giovanni Scambia, and Vito Chiantera. "Laparoscopic laterally extended endopelvic resection procedure for gynecological malignancies." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 30, no. 6 (April 23, 2020): 853–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-2019-001129.
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ObjectivesPelvic side wall infiltration by gynecological malignancies has been considered for a long time an absolute contraindication to curative resection. The development of the laterally extended endopelvic resection (LEER) has challenged this surgical paradigm. Although the LEER has been standardized in open surgery, only small studies have been published about its endoscopic feasibility. The objective of this study is to analyze the safety of LEER in patients with gynecological malignancies involving the pelvic side wall.MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated a consecutive series of patients who underwent a laparoscopically modified LEER between July 2014 and November 2018. This indicated gynecological tumors involving the pelvic sidewall and surgeries were conducted in two Italian institutions. All patients underwent pre-operative CT scan or PET to evaluate for distant metastases. Patients without suspicioun of distant metastasis underwent pelvic MRI and examination under anesthesia to establish the resectability of the disease and concomitant diagnostic laparoscopy to exclude intraperitoneal dissemination. All women with disease-free interval <6 months, and/or performance status >2 ECOG were excluded. Type of resection was defined based on the status of the pathologic margins: R0, microscopically negative (free margin <5 mm); R1, microscopically positive; and R2, macroscopically (grossly) positive. Disease-free survival was calculated from the date of primary surgery to the time of recurrence. Overall survival was defined as the time from primary surgery to death.ResultsOverall, 39 patients underwent a laparoscopic LEER and 18 (46.2%) patients were eligible for a laparoscopic approach. Laparoscopic LEER was performed as primary treatment for newly diagnosed tumors in eight patients (44.4%), and for recurrences in the other 10 patients (55.6%). No laparotomic conversions were registered. R0 resection was achieved with negative margins in all patients. The median operative time was 415 min (range, 285–615), median estimated blood loss was 285 mL (range, 100–600), and the median length of hospital stay was 10 days (range; 4–22). Only four patients (22.2%) needed blood intraoperative transfusion. In seven patients (38.9%), post-operative admission to intensive care unit was required. There were three (16.7%) intraoperative complications, all managed laparoscopically. In total there were six (33.3%) major postoperative complications: three patients (16.7%) experienced moderate hydronephrosis with normal renal function, which required temporary placement of nephrostomy; one patient (5.6%) had permanent urinary retention; and two patients (11.1%) had a reoperation, one for post-operative hemoperitoneum and another for complete vaginal cuff dehiscence.DiscussionLaparoscopic LEER can be safely performed by experienced laparoscopic surgeons, in carefully selected patients with gynecological malignancies involving the lateral pelvic side wall, even for those in which a bladder and rectum sparing surgery appears possible. Further larger prospective trials are needed to evaluate the oncological and the long-term functional outcomes.
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Génier, François. "A REVISION OF THE GENUS HOPLANDRIA KRAATZ OF AMERICA NORTH OF MEXICO (COLEOPTERA: STAPHYLINIDAE, ALEOCHARINAE)." Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 121, S150 (1989): 3–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/entm121150fv.
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AbstractA revision of the genus Hoplandria of America north of Mexico is presented. Four subgenera are recognized, of which two (Genosema Notman and Lophomucter Notman) previously were given generic status and one (Arrhenandria) is here newly described. Twelve species are defined, of which eight are described as new: H. alternans, H. isabellae, H. kisatchie, H. klimaszewskii, H. oconee, H. okaloosa, H. sanbornei, and H. smetanai. The species are arranged according to their relationships into species groups within the subgenus Lophomucter, where seven species are assigned. For the remaining subgenera species grouping was not possible due to the smaller number of species. The following synonymies are confirmed (the first specific name is valid): Subg. Hoplandria, H. lateralis (Melsheimer) = H. ochracea Kraatz = H. texana Casey = H. arizonica Casey = H. carinata Casey; Subg. Arrhenandria, H. laeviventris Casey = H. acudentata Dury. The species Genosema sexualis Notman is here synonymized with H. pulchra Kraatz. Hoplandria brittoni Casey was previously regarded as a synonym of H. lateralis (Melsheimer); it is now considered as a junior synonym of Platandria carolinae Casey. Lectotypes are designated for Gyrophaena lateralis Melsheimer, Hoplandria arizonica Casey, H. carinata Casey, H. laeviventris Casey, H. ochracea Kraatz, H. pulchra Kraatz, and H. texana Casey. Keys to subgenera and species are provided. All species are described, diagnostic characteristics of each are illustrated with line drawings and scanning electron microscope photomicrographs, and all available bionomic and distributional data are given. The morphology, systematics, and phylogeny of the subgenera and certain species are discussed, and a checklist of Nearctic species is added.
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Chiaramonte, Rita, Marco Bonfiglio, Emilio G. Castorina, and Salvatore A. M. Antoci. "The primacy of ultrasound in the assessment of muscle architecture: precision, accuracy, reliability of ultrasonography. Physiatrist, radiologist, general internist, and family practitioner's experiences." Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira 65, no. 2 (February 2019): 165–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.65.2.165.
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SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: With high-resolution real-time ultrasonography we investigated the muscle architectural parameters of vastus lateralis in healthy volunteers. PURPOSES: We determined the reproducibility and validity of ultrasonography and the role of the ultrasonographer in assessing muscle architecture. We proposed the most appropriate clinical parameters for objective measurements and an ultrasound protocol of muscle architecture. METHODS: We conducted an intraobserver and interobserver study. We investigated 21 healthy male volunteers. The subjects were independently evaluated by four different operators using high-resolution real-time ultrasonography. To assess the reproducibility of ultrasound examinations, four operators repeated measurements using the same ultrasound device. Muscle thickness, muscle volume, muscle fiber pennation angle, and subcutaneous adiposity of the vastus lateralis muscle were measured. RESULTS: Intra-observer (ICC 0.92-0.97), interobserver (ICC 0.78-0.92) reproducibility was good to excellent for all measurements. CONCLUSION: Simple, reproducible, non-invasive ultrasound measurements of muscle structure easily demonstrated differences in muscle morphology. With a protocol and with objective and repeatable measurements, sonographers from different backgrounds could obtain an objective measurement of ultrasound images with little differences and low variability in results, thanks to the upgrading of diagnostic ultrasound imaging and their clinical skills.
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Zanotti, B., C. Bruseghini, and M. Leonardi. "La diagnostica neuroradiologica TC nelle demenze." Rivista di Neuroradiologia 8, no. 4 (August 1995): 535–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/197140099500800409.
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Viene analizzato il ruolo della neuroradiologia nello studio del deterioramento mentale ed inoltre vengono descritti i quadri TC in alcune malattie degenerative encefaliche. L'invecchiamento cerebrale si accompagna alla TC a dilatazione progressiva del III ventricolo e di quelli laterali ed, in minor modo, ad allargamento dei solchi corticali e della parte anteriore della scissura di Silvio. Appare inoltre diminuito il coefficiente di attenuazione della sostanza bianca. Col progredire dell'età si ha cioè un quadro TC di atrofia prevalentemente sottocorticale che è via via più evidente dai 50–60 anni in poi. Tale atrofia «fisiologica» può essere difficilmente differenziabile da quella patologica. Infatti, le demenze sono caratterizzate, almeno nelle fasi iniziali, da quadri TC ed RM del tutto sovrapponibili a quelli che si hanno nel normale processo d'invecchiamento. Per tentare di risolvere questo problema vari autori si sono cimentati nella ricerca di metodiche di misurazione e si sono impegnati nel definire il range di normalità délle dimensioni cerebrali. Le misurazioni attualmente usate sono divisibili in lineari, planimetriche, volumetriche e densitometriche. Quelle volumetriche appaiono oggi preferibili rispetto agli altri tipi in quanto sono tridimensionali e quindi più veritiere. Esse abbisognano però di particolari programmi di calcolo computerizzati non sempre disponibili. Per alcuni autori l'utilità délle misurazioni di atrofia cerebrale appare indubbia e necessaria nel tentare di distinguere la normalità dalla patologia. Per evitare falsi negativi è comunque consigliata la ripetizione dell'esame dopo un intervallo relativamente breve di tempo. Infatti, in caso di atrofia patologica vi sarà un'accentuazione délle dimensioni ventricolari nettamente maggiore rispetto a quella che ci si aspetterebbe in un soggetto sano délla stessa età in cui le variazioni, nello stesso periodo, sono nulle o minime. Altri autori negano invece un'effettiva utilità nel misurare l'atrofia cerebrale. Infatti, si è riscontrata sovrapposizione compléta o quasi fra la definizione soggettiva ( «ad occhio») di atrofia cerebrale patologica e quella obiettiva conseguente a tecniche sofisticate di misurazione delle dimensioni delle varie componenti cerebrali. Inoltre, alcuni sostengono che la diagnosi di demenza deve essere sempre e comunque clinica e che le indagini neuroradiologiche possono essere solo un ausilio. Infatti, le correlazioni fra atrofia cerebrale e misurazioni psicometriche sono, nei vari studi, deboli o del tutto inesistenti. A questo proposito vi sono esempi di pazienti affetti da demenza che presentano alla TC sistema ventricolare e solchi di dimensioni normali ed esempi di persone normali con ventricoli e solchi dilatati.
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Wilkinson, Mark. "Taxonomic status of the Guyanese endemic caecilian Caecilia pressula Taylor, 1968 (Amphibia: Gymnophiona: Caeciliidae)." Herpetological Journal, Volume 30, Number 4 (October 1, 2020): 227–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.33256/hj30.4.227229.
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The taxonomic status of the poorly known Neotropical caecilian species Caecilia pressula Taylor, 1968 is reconsidered based on examination of the type series. The single reported diagnostic feature, a laterally compressed body, that purportedly distinguishes C. pressula from Caecilia tentaculata Linnaeus, 1758 is not consistent across the seven specimens that constitute the type series and the only reported specimens, is variable in the Holotype depending on how it is held, and is considered to be artefactual. Caecilia pressula is considered to be a junior synonym of Caecilia tentaculata. Dentitional features of the smallest and presumed youngest specimens in the type series provide evidence that C. tentaculata practices maternal dermatophagy.
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CAIRES, CLAUDENIR S., KADJA M. GOMES-BEZERRA, and CAROLYN E. B. PROENÇA. "Passovia myrsinites a restablished name including Oryctina atrolineata (Loranthaceae)." Phytotaxa 313, no. 3 (July 18, 2017): 285. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.313.3.7.
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During our studies of the Brazilian Loranthaceae, an extensive review of names associated to Oryctina and Passovia was carried out. We observed that the leaf architecture and floral structure of Oryctina myrsinites were different from that of other species of the genus. Analyses under Light and Scanning Electron Microscopy showed stellate fiber bundles in the mesophyll, inflorescences formed by sessile triads and laterally excavated filaments. Epicortical roots at the base of the plant were also observed. These characters are diagnostic of Passovia, and we agree with Van Tieghem that Passovia myrsinites is the correct name for this species and have also included Oryctina atrolineata as a new synonym.
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Costa, Renan Marson, Joao Luiz Vieira Da Silva, Gianfrancesco Marconato, Sarah Carolina Diogo de Morais, and Maria Thereza Burko Rocha. "Static electronic baropodometry in patients with metatarsalgia." Scientific Journal of the Foot & Ankle 13, no. 2 (June 30, 2019): 124–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.30795/scijfootankle.2019.v13.925.
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Objective: To analyze the values obtained by electronic baropodometry in patients with metatarsalgia. Methods: A retrospective observational study of medical data (gender, height, weight, body mass index, foot laterality, shoe size and clinical diagnosis) and values obtained by static electronic baropodometry (load distribution and maximum and mean pressure) was performed. A total of 39 patients with clinical complaints of metatarsalgia were selected and subjected to static electronic baropodometry. Results: Female gender was more prevalent (58.9%) among patients, and 61.53% of the patients were overweight or obese. The mean maximum pressure was 1.76kgf/cm2, and the forefoot-to rearfoot load distribution ratio was 0.86. There was a significant correlation between body mass index and maximum pressure. No correlation was found with shoe size. Conclusion: The baropodometry values measured in this study were similar to those reported in the literature. Obese and overweight patients had a higher maximum pressure value, which suggests a higher risk of metatarsal pain in this population. Level of Evidence III; Diagnostic Studies; Study of non consecutive patients; Without consistently applied reference “gold” standard.
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de Almeida, John R., Christopher W. Noel, Maria Veigas, Rosemary Martino, Douglas B. Chepeha, Scott V. Bratman, David P. Goldstein, et al. "Finding/identifying primaries with neck disease (FIND) clinical trial protocol: a study integrating transoral robotic surgery, histopathological localisation and tailored deintensification of radiotherapy for unknown primary and small oropharyngeal head and neck squamous cell carcinoma." BMJ Open 9, no. 12 (December 2019): e035431. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035431.
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IntroductionCarcinomas of unknown primary site (CUP) of the head and neck have historically been worked up and managed heterogeneously. Failure to identify a primary site may result in large radiotherapy mucosal volumes. Transoral approaches such as Transoral Robotic Surgery (TORS) may improve the yield of identifying hidden primaries. We aim to assess the oncological and functional outcomes of a combined treatment approach with TORS and tailored radiotherapy.Methods and analysisTwenty-five patients with metastatic squamous cell carcinoma to the neck without clinical or radiographic evidence of a primary site will be enrolled in a phase II trial. Patients will undergo a diagnostic or therapeutic approach with TORS based on specific algorithms incorporating tailored radiotherapy according to the location and laterality of the primary tumour. The primary outcome is to evaluate the out-of-field failure rate over a 2-year period. Secondary outcomes include identification rates, survival outcomes, patient reported outcomes and functional swallowing outcomes.Ethics and disseminationThe University Health Network Research Ethics Board approved this study (ID 15–9767). The results will be published in an open access journal.Trial registration numberNCT03281499.