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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Etika a právo'
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1
Černá, Michaela Bc. "Reklama, právo a etika." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2007. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-1774.
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Cílem práce je shromáždit znalosti z oblasti reklamy v podnikání a zmapovat, jak je reklama regulována v okruhu právním a etickém dle Obchodního zákoníku a Etického kodexu reklamy, které prošly v nedávné době novelizačním procesem. V praktické části je analyzován projekt ?Český sen?, který proběhl v České republice 31. května 2003.
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Routová, Hana. "Etika v reklamě." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2006. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-11293.
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This diploma thesis deals with the relationship between advertisement and ethics. Many people think that anything is possible in the advertisements, this, however, is not true. The area is restricted both by the law and by the non-legal institutions, e.g. A Czech initiative of advertising agencies, media and advertisers - "Rada pro reklamu" - Advertisement council. This council might recommend advertisement's cancellation. The media scene experts claim that the media market reflects the consumers' wishes. Thus, in the absence of protests against an "anti-women" advertisement, the advertisement might be considered ethical for the particular market. As we can see, the ethics is a very delicate term and what one perceives as ethical, might be considered unethical by anybody else.
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Klabanová, Lucie. "Význam etiky a etických kodexů v mezinárodní společnosti." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2006. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-573.
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Diplomová práce se zabývá potřebou uvědomění si nutnosti zavádění a dodržování etických kodexů a významem firemní kultury v moderní společnosti, zejména v ekonomické sféře ? tedy v podnicích a firmách, které jsou z velké části hlavní součástí života většiny lidí a mají tak rozhodující vliv na chování jednotlivce. S využitím konkrétního případu ? společnosti Whirlpool, jako jedné ze společností, které kladou velký důraz na etiku v podnikání a etické kodexy a se zmínkami o společnosti Hilti, která je organizací s jednou z nejsilnějších firemních kultur na světě ? se pokouší analyzovat důležitost nepsaných pravidel, jejich výhody a nevýhody v porovnání se zákony a právním řádem jako takovým. Cílem této práce je poskytnout vedení a zaměstnancům společnosti Whirlpool Česká republika (a nejen jim) praktický pohled na etiku a její význam a případně také poskytnout vhodné argumenty a odpovědi na otázky, které mohou při prosazování a uplatňování etického kodexu ve společnosti vyvstat. Vzhledem k existenci nadnárodně daného etického kodexu v této společnosti (Whirlpool Corporation Ethical Code) jsem shrnula výhody jeho úplného a vhodného využití také na lokální úrovni. Poukázala jsem na předsudek nevhodnosti etického kodexu v měřítku našeho státu, ale právě konkrétním rozborem jsem se ho pokusila vyvrátit.
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Vacl, Jan. "Podnikání a etické kodexy." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-3542.
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Tato diplomová práce se zaměřuje na etické kodexy jako nástroj managementu pro zavádění norem podnikatelské etiky do podniku. Zabývá se dopady etického řízení podniku na jeho konkurenceschopnost a postavení na trhu a řeší vztah norem etických kodexů a práva. Cílem této práce je představení etických kodexů jako účinných prostředků pro řízení podniku a zvyšování jeho efektivity.
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Gregárek, Matěj. "Etické aspekty mezinárodních vztahů: Lockeovská perspektiva." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-72184.
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Ethics in the international relations is usually based on the assumption that states represents an ethically relevant subject. The thesis challenges the assuption, that existing states could be legitimized on the general principles of universal ethics in any other way than as a "realm of necessity" and inquires the conseqeuncesof the lack of domestic legitimity on the ethical assertion of the state's conduct abroad.
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Kobrlová, Marie. "Etické kodexy v podnikatelské praxi." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-193774.
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The diploma thesis discusses the issues of ethics and codes of ethics in business. The theoretical part defines basic concepts of ethics, presents its historical development and the methods and tools of business ethics. It also focuses on ethical codes and the area of law and ethics. The practical part consists of a quantitative survey, which provides views of selected business entities of business ethics and the use of codes of ethics in practice.
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Karasová, Jana. "Náboženství a náboženské symboly v komerčních komunikacích." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-16615.
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Marketing and commercial communications. Forms of commercial communications. Legal regulations and ethics in an advertising focused on religious elements. Analysis of selected advertising campaigns with religous themes. Qualitative marketing research.Recommendation for the future work with themes of a religion and religious symbols.
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Haluzová, Kristýna. "Etika a právo v oblasti reklamy." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-176973.
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Haluzová. K., Ethics and Low in advertising. Diploma thesis. Brno, 2013. This thesis provides a comprehensive view of the development and regulation of advertising messages only within its definition of marketing, but also with regard to the ethical and legal concepts. These concepts are at work made especially with regard to advertising self-regulation, with regard to the Code of Ethics advertising, and the regulations of public and private rights and to assist the understanding of the problems described in the work and serve as a tool for effective advertising in accordance with both the law and the ethics.
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Sapíková, Vlasta. "Etika a právní regulace propagace." Master's thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-429663.
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The diploma thesis deals with ethics and legal regulation of promotion. In the first part of the thesis is promotion described from a marketing point of view. Afterwards are described legal and ethical instruments of regulation of promotion. The second part of the thesis deals with several cases of violation of the law and their economic impact. After these cases are described unethical cases of promotion. At the end of the thesis are suggested recommendations for business entities.
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Šveřepová, Andrea. "Etika překladatelské činnosti." Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-343061.
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The topic of this thesis is translation ethics. The theoretical part provides definitions of key concepts in the field of normative ethics, as well as an overview of the existing research into ethics in translation studies. Three possible ways of approaching this topic are presented and the main themes of translation ethics identified. The thesis then describes the history of codes of ethics with special attention to problems regarding these written ethical norms. With focus on their content, the thesis provides a detailed description of translators' individual rights and obligations, as defined in various codes of ethics, which deem a translator's behaviour ethical or unethical. The thesis also explores how translators can be affected by the unethical decisions of other people. The end of the theoretical part focuses on translation ethics in connection with CAT tools and machine translation. The empirical part analyses data collected through questionnaire research, the aim of which was to study translators' behaviour in ethically challenging situations. First, research methods and individual parts of the questionnaire are described. The thesis then provides an analysis of respondents' answers with a special focus on the reasoning behind their decisions. The data is compared using other information...
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Šenková, Eva. "Základní příjem a jeho etické aspekty: právo na existenci, nebo právo na zahálku?" Master's thesis, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-434224.
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The basic income concept is a bold, challenging, and provocative proposal. It is an income unconditionally paid by a government, at a uniform level and at regular intervals, to each adult member of society. The grant is paid irrespective of whether the person is rich or poor, lives alone or with others, is willing to work or not. It should guarantee that all recipients have sufficient material conditions for their existence. This scheme is proposed as a mechanism of distributive justice, and as a tool to combat unemployment without increasing poverty. The economic independence would secure real freedom for all - an opportunity to do what they might want to do, including the permanent idleness. Implementing the basic income is to change current economic and social realities, not only the welfare system. The aim of this diploma thesis is to find ethically relevant aspects in the argumentation of positives and negatives of a basic income and to point out problems that are related to the concept of a basic income in ethical terms.
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Teršová, Tereza. "Vývoj českého zdravotnického práva v kontextu lidských práv se vztahem ke zdraví." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-298488.
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Diploma thesis "Development of Czech medical law in the context of health-related human rights" deals with Czech medical law and its development after the year 1989 in connection with the human rights. Also this thesis deals with the area of human rights with their relation to health, especially in the time of the current health reforms. The aim of the thesis is, based on the analysis of the current findings, to find out the deficits of the protection of human rights regarding the modernization of health law and to identify the reasons of the failure of the implementation of the norms and laws concerning the human rights and their connection to health in the Czech legal system.
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Novotná, Kateřina. "Transplantační zákon - právní a etické problémy při jeho aplikaci." Master's thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-308979.
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The Human Organ Transplantation Act - moral and ethical problems of its application This thesis deals with issues related to the applications of the Human Organ Transplantation Act. It is focused on the assessment of existing legislation regarding transplantation, the identification of problematical areas of transplantation law and the possibility of their correction. The thesis is divided into several parts. At the beginning it deals with the history and development of transplant medicine. It also contains a description of the current legislation and a brief summary of an international regulation. The main focus of the thesis is to analyze the deficiencies in Czech legislation and to emphasize the interdisciplinary nature of the transplant law. Finally, it analyzes the forthcoming amendment to The Human Organ Transplantation Act prepared by the Ministry of Health. The Human Organ Transplantation Act is a modern legislation respecting international commitments of the Czech Republic. Nature of the transplant legislation is given by its fundamental aspects the principle of presumed consent in connection with legally provided guarantee to respect disagreement expressed in accordance with law, the preference of a deceased donor prior to a living one, the principle of fairness in the allocation of...
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Lukasová, Marie. "Etické aspekty omezení člověka ve volnosti pohybu při poskytování sociální a zdravotní péče." Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-379263.
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M. Lukasová: Ethical Aspect of Restriction of Free Movement in the Course of Providing Social and Health Care Abstract In the course of providing social and health care, the providers on occasions resort to measures which limit the person's freedom of movement with the aim to prevent a harm to their life or health. Depending on the circumstances it involves a more or less invasive intervention - sometimes it is immediate and includes use of force in the situation of conflict and aggression management, other times it is rather a long-term nursing practice, for instance focused on fall prevention. Restraining is connected with the risk of considerably negative effects on health of a patient/service user. Therefore some authors doubt whether the use of restrictive intervention is ethical and lawful, and it is seen as inhuman and degrading treatment. Nevertheless, the most widespread approach accepts restrictive interventions as a measure of last resort (ultima ratio) providing that the principles of necessity and subsidiarity are respected. In the Czech Republic the public and professional debate is not sufficient and the use of restrictive interventions is not subjected to the state inspection. The human rights monitoring of persons held in health and social care institutions reports cases of restrictions...
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Tošnarová, Hana. "Problematika etiky v profesionálním chování zdravotních sester v péči o psychiatrické pacienty." Doctoral thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-299458.
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5 Hana Tošnarová The topics of ethicin professional nurse behaviour in the care of psychiatric patients Abstract Presented dissertation theses are dedicated to the ethic aspects of the professional behaviour of nurses in their care of the mental patients. In the theroretical part are described thesis connected with the profession of psychiatric nurses, with the psychiatry as a medial branch, legislation in the psychiatry and with the questions of ethics in the connection of nursing. The practical part, that describes the qualitative research, is divided into two subsections and observing. The phenomenal study went through in the Mental home of Bohnice (Prague) and the output was the determination of defined notion "professional behaviour of a nurse in the care of mental patients in the scope of ethics". The second part of the observation was targeted on the access of the nurses to the mental patients in the special handpicked working places of the somatic medicine in Prague. The output of this research is a description of the behaviour style of nurses in the somatic working places in an interaction with mental patients. Keywords: ethics in nursery, ethics in psychiatry, ethics in medicíně, professional behaviour of a nurse, nursing, medical law
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Zaplatílková, Simona. "Registrovaná partnerství osob stejného pohlaví z pohledu etiky a práva." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-323079.
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This thesis is looking at the issue of registered partnerships from the perspective of ethics and law. The main objective of this thesis is to provide a comprehensive perspective on registered partnership problematic and on other current issues related to this topic. The work is divided into two parts. The theoretical part deals with the history of homosexuality from ancient Greece to modern times, furthermore it focuses on the actual registered partnership and the regularization process of the necessary law in the Czech Republic. It covers a topic of religion perspective on homosexuality, the issue of child adoptions by homosexual couples and not least the blood donation problematic. The practical part deals with the social investigational survey, its processing and reporting the results. The aim of the social survey was to obtain a view on the homosexual minority from the society and get their opinions about the questions analyzed in the theoretical part. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Bubnová, Tereza. "Vlivy člověka na zvyšování společenské odpovědnosti firem." Master's thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-384520.
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The goal of this diploma thesis: The fluence of man on increasing corporate social responsibility is describe the meaning of social responsibility and options how to increase it. Is possible to increase responsibility of corporation by employee or customer? How we can recognize that their behaviour isnť only good promotional tactic as a public relation and commercial? How government can support this behaviour and is realistic to force corporate to be morale with using the right? The result of this thesis will be find out what does it means social responsibility for normal people nowadays and what saying companies especially in Prague. Keywords Social responsibility, corporate social responsibility, ethics, individual ethics, business ethics, environment, human influence, commercial, state, law
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Jílková, Petra. "Etika a lidská práva v péči o pacienty v psychiatrických zařízeních." Master's thesis, 2006. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-269561.
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Cílem mé diplomové práce je přinést aktuální informace o právech pacientů a jejich dodržování v psychiatrických zařízeních u nás. V teoretické části prostřednictvím přehledu mezinárodních dokumentů a etických kodexů, legislativy České republiky, která tuto oblast upravuje, společně s hodnocením stávající praxe odborníky zabývajícími se péčí o duševní zdraví. V praktické části pak výzkumem s uživateli psychiatrické péče.
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KOHOUT, Petr. "Klasické teorie jako prameny přirozeného zákona." Master's thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-137597.
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This thesis is engaged in the theme of natural law, especially in sources of natural law - in theories, which are labelled as "classic". The thesis focuses on these theories (Aristotle, stoicism, Thomas Aquinas) and their common points, which are proper to these theories. That is the object of this thesis. These points present the essence of natural law. The first part explains problem of the term "natural law". The second part deals with the classic theories. The third chapter summarises findings of the second part. The fourth part is devoted to the similarity between the classic theories and the modern (enlightenment) theories. This chapter is devoted to the connection between natural law and positive law too.
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VLČKOVÁ, Jana. "Etický rozměr lidské práce v kontextu svobody a důstojnosti člověka." Master's thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-110404.
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In this dissertation I am analysing certain aspects of labour, especially the ones that are of significant interest to moral philosophy within the church and its catholic doctrine. In the same time I identify the foundation for freedom and dignity of labouring human being that are being degraded especially in the present time economisation process. Further, I outline the issues associated with the changes within the division of labour from industrial revolution to present day and in the same time I present issues connected with labouring human being vs. human capital. Because freedom is the foundation of humanity I also describe issues connected with human rights in the context of universal and natural law. In this way I analyse Universal Declaration of Human Rights and its defence in an intercultural environment. Lastly, besides those theoretical concepts, I evaluate an Amnesty International CR project called "Business That is Worth It" which aims at supporting companies to a responsible management of employees rights protection especially in developing countries.
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Jedličková, Anetta. "Podvod v klinickém hodnocení léčiv z pohledu etiky a práva." Doctoral thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-332271.
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The subject of my dissertation is fraud in clinical trials in terms of ethics and law. The aim of my research was to analyze the frequency of fraud in clinical trials of a given sample of data collected, identify the main fraudsters and to analyze the causes that led participants in clinical trials to commit fraud. In the theoretical part of my dissertation I defined the concepts of clinical trials, deception, ethical issues and the relevant legal framework. The practical part contains the results of the data analysis of the incidence and causes of fraud, the main actors of fraud and conception of recommendations, which appears to be essential for the prevention of fraud in clinical trials. The data analysis and participant observation show that during 107 GCP (Good Glinical Practice) audits conducted during the period of 2008-2013 in 22 countries, 14 revelations of fraud in clinical trials were identified, which represents 13.1 %. Most often fraud was committed by investigators, a total of 47.6 % of all observed groups of cheating clinical trial participants. The main causes that led investigators to commit fraud represent a lack of eligible patients, financial gain and personality traits. Based on the results obtained during my research I highlighted in the practical part of my dissertation the ethical...
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Kleinová, Michaela. "Zoologické zahrady versus práva zvířat a jejich ekologické souvislosti." Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-362896.
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The diploma thesis focused on ZOOs in relation to animal rights and environmental context. Zoological Gardens in Olomouc and Brno were chosen and compared, specifically giraffes breeding. A comparative method and the SWOT analysis were used in the thesis. Another part of the study was a questionnaire survey. The aim was to evaluate the usefulness of the ZOOs. The results showed that ZOOs are not in concordance with the philosophy and principles of the environmental ethics and animal rights, however, they contribute positively to a sustenance of selected species and thus to their biodiversity and develop ecological mindset of visitors.
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ŠIMKOVÁ, Iveta. "Trest smrti v pojetí etiky." Master's thesis, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-50435.
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Capital punishment and consideration about justice has been spread throughout our society for its enitre existence. The death penalty is the only punishment which deals with human life and. with the exception for the legal and criminological aspects, it involves moral and philosophical views, as well. This thesis attempts to examine the ethical attitudes towards capital punishment of the members of the Police of the Czech Republic, as well as that of the city police. The main topic of my thesis is a survey of ethical assessment of the capital punishment. The theoretical part of my thesis deals with the history of capital punishment, various ways in which executions take place, the documents which are connected with the death penalty and human rights. It deals with the ethical and philosophical views, as well as the statement of the Roman Catholic Church. There are many arguments (pros and cons) regarding capital punishment. The practical part of my theis will examine the ethical views of members of the Police of the Czech Republic and city police who are on duty in Třebíč. The method of quantitative analytic research has been applied. The questionnaire survey and its assessment have been used. The chosen respondents are members of the police.
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HRUBEŠOVÁ, Martina. "Realizace prvků Etického kodexu sester a Práv pacientů v praxi." Master's thesis, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-54116.
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The thesis on the topic "Implementation of Elements of the Code of Ethics for Nurses and Patients' Rights in Practice" has the characteristics of a research. The thesis is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. There were four objectives in the practical part of the thesis, the purpose of which was to determine the following: whether patients receive enough understandable information about the diagnostic, therapeutic and nursing care from doctors and nurses, whether intimacy and patients´ feelings of embarrassment are being respected by doctors and nurses, whether patients have the space to voice their views and decisions for therapeutic, diagnostic and nursing care, and whether patients perceive the approach of medical staff to other patients as dignified.
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DOLEŽALOVÁ, Monika. "Náhradní rodinná péče a výchova dětí homosexuálními páry z pohledu práva, psychologie a křesťanské etiky." Master's thesis, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-317433.
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This thesis deals with upbringing of children by homosexual couples and its analysis through the legal perspective, psychological perspective and through the perspective of Christian ethics. The aim of the thesis is with regard to researched literature on the possibilities of the upbringing of children by homosexual couples to analyse the above mentioned topic, and possibly to find an answer to if the existing approaches to homoparentality are justifiable or not. The presentation of the approach of Christian ethics to the respective topic will not be left out.
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Cvrčková, Kateřina. "Garance etiky a lidských práv na webových stránkách domovů pro osoby se zdravotním postižením." Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-322004.
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This thesis deals with the guarantee of ethics and human rights on the website of homes for people with disabilities. The theoretical part explains basic concepts such as: strategic documents in support of ethics and human rights, human rights, the importance of human rights in social services, ethical theory, professional ethics, values, value systems, and standards of quality in social services. The practical part is devoted to the analysis of documents to determine the extent of guarantee of human rights and ethical principles. Documents in this case are the websites of homes for people with disabilities registered in the register of providers of social services in the Czech Republic. The research is supplemented by the analysis of several websites where it was examined whether social workers have support on the Internet in this area of social work. The conclusion presents the results of the inquiry. Key words Ethics, human rights, homes for people with disabilities.
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Hemerová-Hájková, Kateřina. "Etické principy v informační činnosti." Master's thesis, 2004. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-366424.
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Hospodková, Tadevosjanová Laura. "Právní a etické aspekty regulace autonomních systémů. Umělá inteligence v právu." Master's thesis, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-415193.
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In connection with the development of autonomous systems supporting artificial intelligence technologies, respectively machine learning, there is a growing concern both in the public and in the media, as well as among legislators and developers. Naturally, such concerns have naturally arisen in the case of other, earlier technologies, but it is clear that there is something atypical in the case of modern technologies. The period when robots, artificial intelligence and other autonomous systems were only a sci-fi topic is already to some extent obsolete and autonomous systems in various forms have been reaching a large number of areas for several years and represent an integral element of the world around us. In practice, more and more companies are engaged in the development of autonomous systems equipped with artificial intelligence, especially the development of chatbots, autonomous vehicles or autonomous drones is nowadays a good example that the operation of similar systems is not so far from reality. In the first and subsequent second chapter, the paper deals in general with an introduction to the topic of autonomous systems with an emphasis on artificial intelligence, respectively machine learning technologies, description of society's ideas of these new technologies, basic defining features...
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BARTKOVÁ, Štěpánka. "Eutanazie z hlediska etiky a teologie." Master's thesis, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-51624.
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Abstract Euthanasia from the points of view of theology and ethics Key words: euthanasia, suffering, death, dying, dignity, human rights, doctor, patient, palliative medicine, hospice care, assisted suicide, religious motivation, followers, objectors of euthanasia In my thesis I am covering the topic of ?qeuthanasia??. The main objective of this paper is to introduce the reader to the problem of euthanasia from the points of view of theology and ethics. This thesis consists of theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part further consists of eleven chapters. In the first chapter, the types of euthanasia ares discussed (active, passive, prenatal, and assisted suicide). In the second chapter, the history of euthanasia is discussed in a great detail. The third chapter mainly concentrates on euthanasia in the world. The fourth chapter is about the criteria of death. In the fifth chapter, I address the questions of euthanasia and death in recent years. The sixth chapter is about the relationship between a doctor and a patient. The seventh chapter covers palliative medicine and the eighth chapter further expands on this subject with the topic of hospice care. In the ninth chapter, I pursue the point of religious motivational impact. The tenth and eleventh chapters are dedicated to the followers and objectors of euthanasia. The practical part concentrates on exploratory research. I have chosen sociological research using the methods of discussion. Here are three interviews with experts, who interact with dying individuals on a daily basis. These questioned specialists are believers and therefore the discourses are anonymous. The objective of these discussions was to uncover how professional in different facilities view the issues of euthanasia. This objective was sucessfully achieved.
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Královec, Jiří. "Charta práv dětí v nemocnici ("EACH Charter") jako nástroj posilování a ochrany etických aspektů pediatrické hospitalizace." Master's thesis, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-448716.
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The Charter of rights of children in hospital (the EACH Charter) is an international document authored by the European Association for Children in Hospital (EACH) in the eighties of the twentieth century. The Charter can be perceived as a response to the fact that a child's stay in hospital - and paediatric hospital as an institution - is strongly influenced and formed by economical, technological and administrative aspects prevailing over the ethical ones. The Charter highlights specific situations where the health care profession - by neglecting children's needs and ignoring and/or tolerating avoidable suffering - becomes unethical. The aim of my thesis is to scrutinize the ethical appeal of the EACH Charter and to explore the Charter's ethical implications for contemporary paediatric practice in the Czech Republic.
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ČERNÁ, Veronika. "Zavedení sexuální asistence u osob s postižením z hlediska sociální práce a etiky." Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-253322.
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I would like to look at sexual issues for persons with disabilities from the perspective of social work and ethics. The aim is to present the project as a possible sexual assistance service for persons with disabilities, which will be directed to social services and then be ethically evaluated. I will focus on the area of sexuality, that is to understand the topic of sexual assistance is important.
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TÝMOVÁ, Kateřina. "Na počátku byl vztah - křesťanské paradigma západní kultury formující obraz člověka v procesu trestního soudnictví." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-172607.
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The present thesis paper deals - on theoretical level - with the importance and the gradual evolution of dialogicality of man within the context of criminal justice. In Western European cultural environment the image of man as dialogical being has been inspired by the Judeo-Christian tradition, approaching "the man in relationship" as an unlimited and transcendental form of being. In practical terms, a relationship has been perceived as the fundamental precondition in the process of restoration of a man and as an opportunity to re-approach the original absolute form of humanity, which is in harmony with God´s intention. The culturally accepted dialogical image of man has been reflected in shaping the specific form of systems and institutions created by man, including also the system of criminal law and justice, the main objective of which is enforcing justice. In the spirit of that cultural tradition, emphasis is currently laid on protection of and respect for dignity and individual rights and freedoms of man, and, thus, personal participation of the criminal conflict parties in the process of justice is required. Hence, in the persons of the offender and the victim, justice is rather becoming "the justice of dialogue and negotiation" within restorative justice, and it is so within the limits of law so as the participants´ individual needs and interests can be taken care of and obligations resulting from the conflict can be secured, to the maximum possible extent.
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KRŠÍKOVÁ, Hana. "Eutanázie jako konflikt etických a právních principů." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-188068.
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The diploma thesis deals with the problem of euthanasia, especially with its legal and ethical aspects. The legal aspects are discussed with respect to human rights, to the legislative system of the European countries that legalized euthanasia, and to the potential dangers connected with the legalization of mercy killing. The chapters considering ethical aspects draw on essential ethical values and their application in the connection with euthanasia. A particular ethical theory, utilitarianism, is briefly described, and attention i also given to the current development of the social consciousness from the moral concern to the emphasis on efficiency. The discussion of both legal and ethical aspects involves the opinions of the supporters as well as the opponents of euthanasia. In the conclusion the thesis refers to the possible conflict between the ethical and legal norms, which can be initiated by the legalization of euthanasia.
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Lorenzů, Alex. "Nezávislá analýza systematického znevýhodňování transgender lidí v České republice." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-342493.
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The thesis deals with the normative discourse of transsexuality, both from a general cultural- historical perspective in the context of Western science and medicine and more specifically in the context of Czech sexology. On a detailed analysis of the publication Transsexualita: Diagnostika a léčba (Transsexuality: Diagnostics and Treatment), I illustrate the currently dominant conceptualization of transgender and/or transsexuality as a disorder, which, due to its normative influence, predetermines not only the possibilities of (self)identification available to trans* people in the Czech Republic, but also their treatment by Czech society and state institutions (e.g. in the conditions to be met for legal gender recognition, which still include compulsory sterilization). Methodologically, the thesis is chiefly grounded in discourse analysis, but it also shows an ethical standpoint in relation to the situation of Czech trans* people in the legal and medical systems. I also consider the factual dimension of transgender status and other expressions of gender diversity, primarily in maintaining a critical distance from the notions of their alleged pathology, still widespread in the normative sexological discourse. Keywords Biology, discourse, ethics, human rights, intersex, normativity, pathologization,...
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Jonová, Kateřina. "Zvířata jako nástroj využívaný lidmi." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-340846.
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I've chosen Animals as a tool used by mankind as a topic for my thesis. The reason to choose this topic is my closeness to it because of my education in fields of ecology and ethics. I presume, that it would be interesting to connect gained knowledge from ecology and my current study of bioethics. The aim of my thesis is to find out, discover, explain and prove, whether and to what measure is it justified to use animals in favor of a human. I would like to try to describe most important aspects of this topic in my thesis. I'd try to answer to this aimed goal through collected information from worldwide and local authors. My thesis will be structured in three main parts. First part will be aimed on animal rights, in a second part, there will be desribed in which ways we use animals and in a third part there are stated ethical and theological aspects of this problem.
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Palkosková, Mirka. "Legitimita umělých potratů dnes." Master's thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-373616.
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(in English): The thesis deals with the problem of induced abortions. It focuses on, and offers an analysis of, common ways in which abortion has recently been defended in the Czech Republic. In an examination of usual lines of defence of abortion, a description of ongoing philosophical debate about morality of abortion is employed. Arguments founded on bodily integrity and drawn from general feministic positions are attacked with the aim to show that all these ways of defending abortion elude the crucial problems such as the moral status of a fetus, father rights, the nature of discourses which underlie women's choices to abort, and the consequences of the common contemporary view of abortions for women's lives. The tension between basic sexual needs and responsibility for a human life that begins is set forth as the pivotal problem. Concerning the theoretical question of the moral status of a fetus, the thesis endorses a skeptical stance. As a consequence, unassailable solution to the question of permissibility of abortions is rejected as an impossible task. Such a negative result invites a question of how, if at all,the contemporary discourse might be substantiated in which abortions are treated quite straightforwardly as permissible acts. The acquaintance with philosophical problems concerning...
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Michlíčková, Magdalena. "Etické aspekty přístupu migrantů ke zdravotní péči v České republice." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-337087.
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The diploma thesis "Ethical aspects of migrants' access to healthcare in the Czech Republic" focuses on healthcare accessibility for migrants in the Czech Republic and looks at the issue from an ethical perspective. It identifies and describes the main problematic aspects of foreigners' access to Czech healthcare and analyses them from a moral standpoint. The principals of Christian social ethics, basic tenets of Christian anthropology and biblical imperatives, including those focusing on the biblical concept of a foreigner and its approach to them are used as bases for the analyses. The thesis further concentrates on healthcare access in relation to human rights and asks whose responsibility it is to respect and fulfill them. The thesis refers to the broader context of the issue in question and specifies further ethical challenges it entails. The thesis aims to suggest possible solutions of the presented problems and to identify those most ethically adequate. This involves presenting key actors of the possible changes as well as describing the current legal development. Keywords Christian social ethics, equity in health, healthcare, health insurance, human rights, immigration, integration, migration.
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MACHOVÁ, Nikola. "Vztah společnosti k lidem s mentálním postižením - dějiny a současnost." Master's thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-110461.
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This thesis is theoretical. It consists of five chapters. The first chapter explains the basic concepts, forms of mental disability and identifies differences between mental retardation and mental illness. The theme of the second chapter is the historical relationship of people with mental disabilities, which are described in various historical periods and methods of care for people with mental disabilities. The third chapter is devoted to the present and the attitude of society towards mentally handicapped people. There are defined the different approaches and current treatment options and services. The fourth chapter takes into account the importance of family in the lives of individuals with mental disabilities. The last chapter reflects the ethical context of the society in relation to people with mental disabilities. This chapter elaborates topics such as dignity, respect and freedom.
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Pultarová, Jana. "Kontroverze o porodech mimo nemocniční zařízení." Doctoral thesis, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-434206.
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1 ABSTRACT The issue of births outside a medical facility is currently a controversial topic between specialists as well as in the public sector. While the specialists concur in refusing home births, the society is divided. There are voices that refuse home births but there are also plenty of people who support the right of mothers to give birth outside of a medical facility. Very sensitive topic is the legal and ethical aspects of the protection of unborn children and the issue of a safely conducted delivery. In the last decades, the life value of an unborn child has been seen as an ethical problem. The right to life is one of the fundamental human rights, which is enshrined in the constitutional system of the Czech Republic and also in the international human rights conventions. Because there are different opinions regarding this issue, it is necessary to establish a view that is widely accepted so that legal standards can be approved provided that the opinions of minorities are being respected. The main objective of this presented dissertation was to ascertain why are people losing confidence in a doctor's role during delivery and what is the reason for some of the mothers being unsatisfied with current institutional system of obstetrics. On the basis of these factual findings, which emerged during the...
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SÝKOROVÁ, Anna. "Interpretace a přístup sociálních pracovníků k standardům kvality sociálních služeb." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-170755.
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The thesis investigates social workers' interpretation and approach to quality standards of social services, both in terms of lived experience, and in terms of individual concepts and understanding of the workers themselves, especially with regard to their experience in a particular organization. The thesis also deals with the interpretation and approach of social workers to the protection of fundamental human rights and freedoms of clients in quality standards. The thesis theoretically describes and depicts the current situation regarding quality standards and the forthcoming changes. Interpretations and approaches to quality standards are investigated by the analysis of interviews with social workers on this issue. The thesis deals with the protection of human rights in social services and their guarantee in the form of selected quality standards, and examines quality standards in terms of values, rights and freedoms of clients that they are protecting. This work describes whether and how social workers perceive values, human rights and freedoms that are behind quality standards of social services and how they interpret them and use them in their practice, as evidenced by opinions of the social workers. Quality Standards of social services are also investigated in terms of ethics, particularly ethical values and analyzes the approach of social workers to quality standards.
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KÁMENOVÁ, Petra. "Sociální práce jako lidskoprávní profese." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-200441.
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This diploma thesis deals with the reflection of aspects and factors in social work within the agenda of benefits in material distress, affecting the human rights of clients of social workers of HN at CoP LO. The scope of ordinary social workers of HN at CoP LO on the agenda of benefits in material distressis the processing of applications, providing advice and appropriate services, which affect both legislative, ethical and other documents of the organization, as well as the role of social workers in their work representing their competence, attitudes and values that imply to intervention with clients. Other aspects and factors that have a relevant impact on the human rights of clientsare the cooperation with other entities active in the environment and working conditions of social workers. Research of the thesis was through quantitative methods in the form of semi-standardized interview focused on mapping and factors that affect the implementation of the rights of clients. Questions have been targeted on subjective perceptions and opinions of the respondents in the area of benefits in material distress in Ceske Budejovice, regarding examined aspectsand factors that I have outlined above. The result of my thesis is the finding that the fulfilment of the rights of clients is negatively affected by the high administrative participation rates of social workers, which subsequently affects the individual approach, roles, competencies, values of social workers, and in cooperation with other agencies and organizations that are important to the saturation ofclients' needs. Officers of benefits of benefits in material distress from the position of the first-line workers do not have sufficient powers in defending the rights of their clients. It has been appealed to social workers to have been properly compiled their administrative formalities. The consequence of this administrative burden is the sideline of the individual of intervention with clients with the aim of saturation of their needs.
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Košut, Martin. "Teologie práce sv. Jana Pavla II." Master's thesis, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-370776.
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The aim of this thesis "Theology of Labour of St. John Paul II." is to summarize John Paul II.'s theological view of human labour, its impact on Christian spirituality and evangelization and pastoral efforts of the church. There is also attention paid to influence of his theology on further social magisterial texts. At the end, there is a reflection of impacts of this teaching to everyday economic and political life. The thesis is based on magisterial documents of John Paul II., especially on the encyclical Laborem exercens and his two further social encyclicals, Sollicitudo rei socialis and Centisimus annus. Other inspiring ideas come especially from reflections on St. Joseph and from the theology of body. There is a discussion on relation of human labour to the Mystery of The Holy Trinity, on perichoretical and sharing character of human labour. As a part of discussion on spirituality, there is the work state of life defined as analogy to Christian state of life. Human labour is a key to the social question, it is a tool for our salvation and therefore the mission of the church. Keywords St. John Paul II., Theology of Labour, Human Labour, Spirituality of Labour, Ethics of Labour, Wage Labour, Labour Capitalization, Labour Rights, Dignity of Human Labour, Sharing Economy
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TRHLÍNOVÁ, Dagmar Alexandra. "Etická dilemata sociálního pracovníka při práci s nezletilými dětmi na pracovišti OSPOD." Master's thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-394216.
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The diploma thesis deals with ethical dilemmas, which social worker ordinary experiences during his work at the OSPOD (Service for the Protection of Children's Rights). The aim of the thesis is to present OSPOD, documents which are part of this work and ethical connection with social work. The aim of the research is to identify the most serious ethical dilemmas and the possibilities how to solve them. The qualitative method of research using semistructured interviews is used to realize the aim of the thesis. The research is carried out at the OSPOD in Český Krumlov.
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Havran, Mikuláš. "Problematika soudržnosti společnosti." Doctoral thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-352238.
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S U M M A R Y This submitted dissertation thesis deals with the problematics of social cohesion through effects analysis of cultural values on the development of social and political relations in a society as such. The efforts of the thesis are not only directed towards articulation of Rawls's principals of justice, but they also reveal the desire to connect with the topic of the basic human rights from which questions of a suitable concept of societies derive. It actually means that the suitable concept in which it would be possible to achieve, from the point of view of intersubjective relations, a sufficient level of social cohesion and that way to strengthen an important factor for sustainability of social relations in societies as such. From the point of view of methodology, these thesis are for sufficient review as well as easier orientation in the whole work divided into 4 parts, which split further into 5 chapters. Before the four parts, the INTRODUCTION comes and it tries to be not only practical, but also academic in style to provide an introductory beginning of my work. Then, it is possible to say that every part of the four in my thesis deals with a research area of social sciences that is related to politological research as such. Nevertheless, my intention is to persuade readers that there is a...
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PODZIMKOVÁ, Petra. "Analýza a reflexe etického kodexu sociálních pracovníků." Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-152518.
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This work deals with professional ethical reflection and analysis of the code of ethics of social workers to join in the broader context of the social work profession and human rights principles. The introduction deals with disabilities, the basic concepts of ethics and social work with regard to the specifics of the social work profession and the requirements of professional social worker. Based on professional ethical reflection theoretical work also analyzes the document Code of Ethics of Social Workers of the Czech Republic in comparison with the International Social Work Code of Ethics and the Code of Charity Czech Republic with an emphasis on the interpretation of the principles of human rights and social justice. At the end of the work in relation to analysis tries to summarize the importance of criticism and also updated the Code of Conduct, including an indication of other possible paths to explore this issue.
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POSTLOVÁ, Erika. "Ochrana uživatele služeb nízkoprahového zařízení pro děti a mládež před předsudky a negativním hodnocením." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-188074.
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Thesis concerns with the point of protection of those using institutions for dangerous youth against prejudices and negative rating. The protection against prejudices and negative rating is one of the criterions of quality standards of social services in the Czech Republic but also a criterion of the quality measure rating at the same time. This criterion will be probably removed from the czech legislation, therefore the thesis focused on consequences of this change. The first chapter is applied to the protection against prejudices and negative rating from the point of view of the czech legislation. It also describes issue of prejudices and negative rating from the point of view of various scientific disciplines which corncerning with this subject. The second chapter provides a comprehensive overview of activities of institutions for dangerous youth in the Czech Republic. The third chapter reflects request for the protection of those using institutios for dangerous youth against prejudices and negative rating in those institutions. On the basis of this reflection, the point of the mentioned request is set from the point of view of ethics and legal system. Practical issues and factor, entering into this field, are took into consideration in that part too. The protection against prejudices and negative rating is ethically substantiated, but it isn't a good tool for the quality rating of the service, because on its basis, it isn't possible to judge if the service quality is fulfilled or not. The design of the request is in breach of two sections of law about social services. The protection against prejudices and negative rating is closely connected with othe documents concerning with the human rights which have to be fulfilled by the institutions for dangerous youth.It follows that if the request will be removed from the social services standards, it won't disappear completely. The protection against prejudices and negative rating would remain in the awareness of the institution staff, but it is misleading to judge service quality on the basis of the protection.
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Brezina, Lukáš. "Dehumanizace jako rizikový faktor používání digitálních technologií v kontextu sociální práce." Master's thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-396816.
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The thesis deals with the threat of dehumanization when applying digital technologies and robotics into social work. The work focuses on the history and origin of digital technologies within the context of social changes. It explores the basic rules governing elementary functioning and development of digital technologies and robotics. The thesis describes and summarizes basic information about the possibilities and risks of using digital technologies and robotics within social work. Towards the end it also includes opinions of several professional and political authorities who are active in this topic. This thesis aims to trigger the debate over the possible threats connected to dehumanization of social work and the use of digital technologies and robotics, respectively make it more intensive.