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Saito, S. "A Multistep Iterative Proportional Fitting Procedure to Estimate Cohortwise Interregional Migration Tables Where Only Inconsistent Marginals are Known." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 24, no. 11 (November 1992): 1531–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a241531.
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The interregional cohort survival model developed by Rogers is an excellent one that includes all of the three population processes: birth-death, aging, and interregional migration. Rogers's model, however, has been rarely implemented because it requires detailed data concerning cohortwise (that is by age and sex) interregional migration tables which are not usually available as published data. The most usual case is that only marginal tables that are from different sources can be obtained. However, in this case, those marginal tables necessarily show inconsistency in the sense that they do not have identical common submarginals. This inconsistency prevents the standard iterative proportional fitting (IPF) procedure from converging to the estimate of the complete migration table which conforms to the given observed marginals. Thus to implement Rogers's model some method is needed to estimate the complete migration table where only inconsistent marginals are available. In this paper a multistep IPF procedure is proposed for that purpose and an actual application of the proposed method is shown. The multistep IPF procedure has universal applicability to a wide class of general problems concerned with the estimation of a joint table under inconsistent marginals.
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Weber, Zach, Guillermo Badia, and Patrick Girard. "What Is an Inconsistent Truth Table?" Australasian Journal of Philosophy 94, no. 3 (November 22, 2015): 533–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00048402.2015.1093010.
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Garcia, V., RJ Rona, and S. Chinn. "Effect of the choice of food composition table on nutrient estimates: a comparison between the British and American (Chilean) tables." Public Health Nutrition 7, no. 4 (June 2004): 577–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/phn2003555.
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AbstractObjective:To determine the level of agreement between the American (Chilean) and British food composition tables in estimating intakes of macronutrients and antioxidants.Design, setting and subjects: Information based on a food-frequency questionnaire with emphasis on antioxidants was collected from 95 Chileans aged 24–28 years. Nutritional composition was analysed using the British table of food composition and the American table of food composition modified by Chilean food items. Mean differences and limits of agreement (LOAs) of estimated intake were assessed.Results:Mean differences between the two tables of food composition ranged from 5.3% to 8.9% higher estimates when using the American (Chilean) table for macronutrients. For micronutrients, a bias towards a higher mean was observed for vitamin E, iron and magnesium when the American (Chilean) table was used, but the opposite was observed for vitamin A and selenium. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) ranged from 0.86 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.81–0.91) to 0.998 (95% CI 0.995–1.00), indicating high to excellent agreement. LOAs for macronutrients and vitamins A and C were satisfactory, as they were sufficiently narrow. There was more uncertainty for other micronutrients.Conclusion:The American table gives relative overestimates of macronutrients in comparison to the British table, but the relative biases for micronutrients are inconsistent. Estimates of agreement between the two food composition tables provide reassurance that results are interchangeable for the majority of nutrients.
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YE, DONGYI, and ZHAOJIONG CHEN. "A NEW TYPE OF ATTRIBUTE REDUCTION FOR INCONSISTENT DECISION TABLES AND ITS COMPUTATION." International Journal of Uncertainty, Fuzziness and Knowledge-Based Systems 18, no. 02 (April 2010): 209–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218488510006490.
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We introduce in this paper a new type of extended attribute reduction called M-reducts for an inconsistent decision table, which is defined to preserve the membership degree to a maximum decision class for each object of the table. It is shown that a M-reduct can actually preserve more decision information than it does by definition, including the maximum decision class itself and all deterministic decision information. Compared with other types of extended attribute reductions, the proposed type of attribute reduction is a better trade-off between the knowledge preserving capability and reduction efficiency. Illustrative examples are given and an effective algorithm for computing a M-reduct based on two summation functions of attribute sets is proposed together with its complexity analysis.
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Zhang, Xiaoyan, and Weihua Xu. "Methods for Lower Approximation Reduction in Inconsistent Decision Table Based on Tolerance Relation." Applied Mathematics 04, no. 01 (2013): 144–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/am.2013.41024.
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Rosenbaum, Paul R., and Donald B. Rubin. "Discussion of “on State Education Statistics”: A Difficulty with Regression Analyses of Regional Test Score Averages." Journal of Educational Statistics 10, no. 4 (December 1985): 326–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/10769986010004326.
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The Department of Education’s table “State Education Statistics” reports mean test scores by state and mean resource inputs by state. The means are calculated from quite different groups of students, a process we call inconsistent aggregation. We investigate the bias in regression coefficients caused by inconsistent aggregation, first using theoretical calculations, and then by artificially aggregating data from the High School and Beyond sample.
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Liu, Yang, Cong Hua Lan, and Zhan Hong Tang. "Value Reduction Algorithm Based on Attribute Union." Advanced Materials Research 926-930 (May 2014): 3718–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.926-930.3718.
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The paper proposed a new algorithm of attribute value reduction use attribute union, only need to scan decision table one time, through simple operation can get all the concise rules. To avoid the decision information table for repeatedly and a large number of operations, algorithm is presented a new method of calculating rules metrics and rules extraction methods, it can not only get a concise decision rules, but also keep the accuracy of decision rules are the same. Example analysis proves the feasibility of the algorithm, and deal effectively with consistent decision table and inconsistent decision table, it can keep the decision table of information remains the same.
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Mjaavatten, M. D., H. Radner, K. Yoshida, N. A. Shadick, M. L. Frits, C. K. Iannaccone, T. K. Kvien, M. E. Weinblatt, and D. H. Solomon. "OP0279 Inconsistent Treatment with Disease-Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs: A Longitudinal Data Analysis: Table 1." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 73, Suppl 2 (June 2014): 167.2–167. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.2217.
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Grice, James W., and Paul T. Barrett. "A Note on Cohen's Overlapping Proportions of Normal Distributions." Psychological Reports 115, no. 3 (December 2014): 741–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/03.pr0.115c29z4.
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Social scientists are often interested in computing the proportion of overlap and nonoverlap between two normal distributions that are separated by some magnitude. In his popular book, Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences (1988, 2nd ed.), Jacob Cohen provided a table (Table 2.2.1) for determining such proportions from common values of separation. Unfortunately, Cohen's proportions are inconsistent with his explication of the popular index of effect size, d; and his proportions are underestimates of distributional overlap and overestimates of nonoverlap. The authors explain how Cohen derived his values and then provide a revised, corrected table of proportions that also match values presented elsewhere.
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Gordon, Stephen B., Lameck Chinula, Ben Chilima, Victor Mwapasa, Sufia Dadabhai, and Yohannie Mlombe. "A Malawi guideline for research study participant remuneration." Wellcome Open Research 3 (November 1, 2018): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.14668.1.
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Background: Research participant remuneration has been variable and inconsistent world-wide for many years owing to uncertainty regarding best practice and a lack of written guidelines for investigators and research ethics committees. Recent recommendations are that researchers and regulators should develop regionally appropriate written guidelines to define reasonable remuneration based on expense reimbursement, compensation for time and burden associated with participation. Incentives to motivate participation are acceptable in specific circumstances. Methods: We wished to develop regionally informed, precise and applicable guidelines in Malawi that might also be generally useful for African researchers and review committees. We therefore reviewed the current literature and developed widely applicable and specific remuneration tables using acceptable and evidence-based payment rationales. Results: There were good international guidelines and limited published regional guidelines. There were published examples of best practice and sufficient material to suggest a structured remuneration table. The rationale and method for the table were discussed at an inter-disciplinary workshop resulting in a reimbursement and compensation model with fixed rates. Payment is recommended pro rata and equally across a study. Conclusions: Transparent, fair remuneration of research participants is recommended by researchers and regulators in Malawi. The means to achieve this are now presented in the Malawi research participant remuneration table.
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Gordon, Stephen B., Lameck Chinula, Ben Chilima, Victor Mwapasa, Sufia Dadabhai, and Yohannie Mlombe. "A Malawi guideline for research study participant remuneration." Wellcome Open Research 3 (December 19, 2018): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.14668.2.
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Background: Research participant remuneration has been variable and inconsistent world-wide for many years owing to uncertainty regarding best practice and a lack of written guidelines for investigators and research ethics committees. Recent recommendations are that researchers and regulators should develop regionally appropriate written guidelines to define reasonable remuneration based on expense reimbursement, compensation for time and burden associated with participation. Incentives to motivate participation are acceptable in specific circumstances. Methods: We wished to develop regionally informed, precise and applicable guidelines in Malawi that might also be generally useful for African researchers and review committees. We therefore reviewed the current literature and developed widely applicable and specific remuneration tables using acceptable and evidence-based payment rationales. Results: There were good international guidelines and limited published regional guidelines. There were published examples of best practice and sufficient material to suggest a structured remuneration table. The rationale and method for the table were discussed at an inter-disciplinary workshop resulting in a reimbursement and compensation model with fixed rates. Payment is recommended pro rata and equally across a study. Conclusions: Transparent, fair remuneration of research participants is recommended by researchers and regulators in Malawi. The means to achieve this are now presented in the Malawi research participant remuneration table.
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van der Werf, Siebren. "History and Critical Analysis of Fifteenth and Sixteenth Century Nautical Tables." Journal for the History of Astronomy 48, no. 2 (May 2017): 207–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021828617705244.
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Analysis of fifteenth- and sixteenth-century solar tables which have been used in navigation, and of declination tables derived from them, reveals that much of the accepted history needs revision. In particular, the celebrated astronomical tables of Abraham Zacut contain systematic and accidental errors by which later tables may be identified as derived from them. The tables of Pedro Nunez and Martín Cortes are not their own, but have been copied from those of Philipp Imsser, which are usually, but incorrectly, attributed to his predecessor Johannes Stöffler. William Bourne used an incorrect conversion table to calculate his declinations and had to manipulate his data to hide it. Pedro de Medina’s Dutch translation by Marten Everaert has declination tables that fit neither the Alfonsine nor the Copernican scheme and are inconsistent within themselves. Also, the declination tables of Lucas Jansz. Waghenaer need amendment and those of Willem Jansz Blaeu are older than he suggests himself. The absolute accuracy of declination tables is assessed in retrospect by comparison with modern celestial mechanics programmes.
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Bradley, Richard. "The philosopher and the field archaeologist: Collingwood, Bersu and the excavation of King Arthur's Round Table." Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 60, no. 1 (1994): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0079497x00003376.
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It is not generally known that a famous philosopher, Robin Collingwood, and an influential field archaeologist, Gerhard Bersu, excavated the same prehistoric monument in successive seasons. Their preoccupations differed, and their observations were completely inconsistent with one another. This paper relates the progress of that project and reflects on its implications for archaeological theory and practice.
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Rgibi, Ahmed Elajeli, Shu Zhen Yao, and Jia Jun Xu. "Dataflow Errors Detection in Business Process Model." Applied Mechanics and Materials 130-134 (October 2011): 1765–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.130-134.1765.
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Despite the abundance of analysis techniques to discover control-flow errors in workflow designs, there is hardly any support for data-flow verification. Most techniques simply abstract from data while data dependencies can be the source of all kinds of errors. This paper focuses on the discovery of data-flow errors in workflows. There are many issues in the dataflow, like Redundant Data, Lost Data, Missing Data, Mismatched data, Inconsistent data, and Misdirected data. We present an analysis approach that uses so called “The RWD Boolean Table Technique” expressed in steps, I Split dataflow from control flow; II Create Boolean table for each data element/s; III Make comparative between RWD Boolean table for current task and next task until get the end of workflow; Typical errors include dataflow issue, like redundant Data, lost Data and missing Data.
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Wu, Yang. "Auger Bored Piles Application Works in the Subway." Applied Mechanics and Materials 580-583 (July 2014): 1301–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.580-583.1301.
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<span><span lang="EN-US">Pile Foundation Construction jobs are usually wet process has contaminated a large, long duration, the pile of inconsistent quality, cost out. And long bored piles to adapt to a variety of complex geological conditions, but not the impact of water table, is widely used in various projects of the foundation engineering, this according to subway construction in Kunming, the application of experience, a brief description length screw pile construction anti-interpolation technology.</span>
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Dunnington, Dewey W., and Ian S. Spooner. "Using a linked table-based structure to encode self-describing multiparameter spatiotemporal data." FACETS 3, no. 1 (October 1, 2018): 326–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/facets-2017-0026.
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Multiparameter data with both spatial and temporal components are critical to advancing the state of environmental science. These data and data collected in the future are most useful when compared with each other and analyzed together, which is often inhibited by inconsistent data formats and a lack of structured documentation provided by researchers and (or) data repositories. In this paper we describe a linked table-based structure that encodes multiparameter spatiotemporal data and their documentation that is both flexible (able to store a wide variety of data sets) and usable (can easily be viewed, edited, and converted to plottable formats). The format is a collection of five tables (Data, Locations, Params, Data Sets, and Columns), on which restrictions are placed to ensure data are represented consistently from multiple sources. These tables can be stored in a variety of ways including spreadsheet files, comma-separated value (CSV) files, JavaScript object notation (JSON) files, databases, or objects in a software environment such as R or Python. A toolkit for users of R statistical software was also developed to facilitate converting data to and from the data format. We have used this format to combine data from multiple sources with minimal metadata loss and to effectively archive and communicate the results of spatiotemporal studies. We believe that this format and associated discussion of data and data storage will facilitate increased synergies between past, present, and future data sets in the environmental science community.
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Zipori, Isaac, Arnon Dag, Yizhar Tugendhaft, and Reuven Birger. "Mechanical Harvesting of Table Olives: Harvest Efficiency and Fruit Quality." HortScience 49, no. 1 (January 2014): 55–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.49.1.55.
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Table olives are traditionally harvested manually. However, a shortage of agricultural workers and high labor costs have prompted the search for mechanical solutions. Mechanical harvesting of four cultivars of green table olive—Manzanilla, Hojiblanca, Souri, and Nabali Mouhassan—was compared with manual picking in terms of harvest efficiency and final product quality. Mechanical harvest methods were: trunk shaking with and without simultaneous rod beating and with and without the application of an abscission agent. Olives were immersed in a diluted NaOH solution in the field, transported to the processing plant, and subjected to commercial procedures processing. Application of an abscission agent resulted in inconsistent fruit-detachment force values and did not affect harvest efficiency. Mechanical harvest with rod beating reached high harvest efficiencies of 80% to 95%, whereas the elimination of rod beating significantly reduced harvest efficiency. Final product quality of the mechanically harvested ‘Hojiblanca’, ‘Souri’. and ‘Nabali Mouhassan’ was similar to that of their manually picked counterparts, whereas that of cv. Manzanilla was inferior to those picked manually. High harvest efficiencies can be obtained using trunk shakers and simultaneous rod beating but final product quality of the mechanically harvested olives depends on variety. In some, mechanical harvesting can be used safely; in others such as cv. Manzanilla, further work is required to obtain a good-quality final product.
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Durham, Joyce, and Ann Kenyon. "Decentralized Nurse Stations: A Methodology for Using Research to Guide Design Decisions." HERD: Health Environments Research & Design Journal 12, no. 4 (April 16, 2019): 8–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1937586719842356.
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Purpose: The purpose of this methodology is to define a process for facility planning teams to use to ensure research findings are used to guide decision making in the design process. Background: Over the past decade and a half, research in health facility design has developed and the body of knowledge has grown significantly, but at the same time, the process for incorporating these findings into the design process has been less defined. This methodology evolved out of the desire to develop a structured process to integrate recent research findings into the planning and programming process at the user group and planning team level. Method: This two-phase methodology consists of, first, reviewing recent, relevant research on the topic, classifying the findings into positive and negative attributes and, then, summarizing the attributes by category on a summary table and in a brief narrative. The second phase consists of reviewing the research to identify operational and facility strategies that can be used to mitigate the inconsistent and negative attributes identified. Results: In the case study, as a result of this process, one inconsistent attribute and three negative attributes were identified. In the second phase, potential research-based operational and facility strategies were identified to mitigate the inconsistent and negative attributes identified. This information served as the basis for making design decisions. Conclusions: This methodology presents an organized, efficient process for organizing and providing relevant research findings to a facility planning team to use in evaluating a new healthcare design concept and making research-based design decisions.
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Herigon, Joshua C., Sarah Mousseau, Amir Kimia, Jonathan Hatoun, and Louis Vernacchio. "1473. Guideline Adherence in Pediatric Ambulatory Visits for Acute Otitis Media." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 7, Supplement_1 (October 1, 2020): S738. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaa439.1654.
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Abstract Background Acute otitis media (AOM) is the most common pediatric outpatient condition treated with antibiotics in the United States. Over 30% of children receive inappropriate antibiotics for AOM, contributing to increasing antimicrobial resistance and unnecessary adverse events. Strict adherence to diagnostic and treatment guidelines has been proposed by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) Committee on Infectious Diseases as one strategy to combat inappropriate antibiotic use. Our objective was to describe adherence to the 2013 AAP guidelines on AOM. Methods We performed a cross-sectional study on a random sample of visit notes for patients 3 to 59 months old diagnosed with otitis media based on ICD-10-CM codes (H65, H66, H67) and treated with antibiotics between 9/1/2017 and 8/31/2018 in an association of pediatric practices across Massachusetts. Children with tympanostomy tubes or a chronic medical condition increasing their risk for AOM were excluded. Based on the 2013 AAP diagnostic criteria, tympanic membrane exam descriptions were reviewed and classified as describing AOM or not. Antibiotic choices were classified as appropriate or inappropriate. Notes were then labeled as “fully adherent” (exam consistent with AOM and appropriate antibiotic choice), “partially adherent” (exam inconsistent with AOM or inappropriate antibiotic choice), and “non-adherent” (exam inconsistent with AOM and inappropriate antibiotic choice). Results Three hundred and ninety-four visit notes from 39 different practices were analyzed. One hundred and sixty-six notes (42%) were “fully adherent” to the AAP guidelines, 183 (46%) were “partially adherent” and 45 (11%) were “non-adherent” (Figure 1). In the “partially adherent” and “non-adherent” groups combined, exams were inappropriate in 179 notes (45.4%) and antibiotic choice was inappropriate in 94 notes (23.9%). Cefdinir was the most frequent inappropriate antibiotic (44/94, 46.8%) (Table 1). “Watchful waiting” occurred in only 7% (16/229) of eligible cases. Figure 1. Breakdown of encounters by adherence type Table 1. Cross-table of indicated and prescribed antibiotics Conclusion Our analysis of independent pediatric practices showed moderate adherence to the AAP guidelines for AOM. Substantial room exists for improvement in diagnosing and treating AOM in young children, especially regarding the potential for watchful waiting. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures
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McPherson, Miller, Lynn Smith-Lovin, and Matthew E. Brashears. "Models and Marginals: Using Survey Evidence to Study Social Networks." American Sociological Review 74, no. 4 (August 2009): 670–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000312240907400409.
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Fischer (2009) argues that our estimates of confidant network size in the 2004 General Social Survey (GSS), and therefore the trend in confidant network size from 1985 to 2004, are implausible because they are (1) inconsistent with other data and (2) contain internal anomalies that call the data into question. In this note, we assess the evidence for a decrease in confidant network size from 1985 to 2004 in the GSS data. We conclude that any plausible modeling of the data shows a decided trend downward in confidant network size from 1985 to 2004. The features that Fischer calls anomalies are exactly the characteristics described by our models (Table 5) in the original article.
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Živković, Tatjana, Kristina Disney, and Tim R. Moore. "Variations in nitrogen, phosphorus, and δ15N in Sphagnum mosses along a climatic and atmospheric deposition gradient in eastern Canada." Botany 95, no. 8 (August 2017): 829–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2016-0314.
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We examined concentrations of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) and δ15N value in Sphagnum sections Acutifolia and Cuspidata inhabiting hummocks and hollows from eight bogs along a transect from ∼45 to ∼55°N in Ontario and Quebec. The N concentration in Sphagnum declined from south to north, correlating with a decrease in atmospheric N deposition. Although the overall N concentration was larger in hollows than hummocks, the pattern was inconsistent across the sites. There was a proportionally larger decline in P concentration from south to north and an overall larger P concentration in hollows than hummocks, but there were inconsistent differences across the sites. The N:P ratio ranged from 12:1 to 29:1, driven primarily by the variation in P concentration. Ratios of N and P concentration in Sphagnum capitulum:stem averaged 1.2:1, suggesting nutrient resorption from stem to capitulum during growth; the ratio rose with increasing N and P concentration in the capitulum. The δ15N value of Sphagnum rose from ∼−6‰ in the south to ∼−1‰ in the north, correlated with the decrease in Sphagnum N concentration and with a rise in the water table. We interpret this to indicate a greater dependence on N2-fixation for N acquisition in the northern and wetter sites.
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Tian, Haishan, Fangfang Ju, Hongshan Nie, Qiong Yang, Yuanyu Wu, and Shuangjian Li. "Study on the file management method of data storage system for airborne radar." Royal Society Open Science 8, no. 6 (June 2021): 210221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.210221.
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In order to solve the problem that the air-to-ground data transfer rate is much lower than the radar data rate, the onboard system is commonly used for storing the airborne radar data. However, there are two main problems in the data storage using the traditional file management method. The first is that the frequent data updating of the file allocation table (FAT) and the file directory table (FDT) cause a high frequency of address jumps among the discontinuous areas, which leads to a long response time. The second is that the updating frequencies of the FAT, the FDT and the data region are seriously inconsistent, which results in uneven wear of the three areas. To solve these two problems, a file management method, which optimizes the data writing in the three areas of the FAT, the FDT and the data region, is proposed in this study. An actual measurement is carried out on a data storage system of the airborne radar using the proposed file management method. The result shows that the proposed method significantly reduces the updating frequency of FAT and FDT, and achieves the wear levelling of file area and data region.
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Chen, Zhongming, and Lin Liu. "RealSpot: software validating results from DNA microarray data analysis with spot images." Physiological Genomics 21, no. 2 (April 14, 2005): 284–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiolgenomics.00236.2004.
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The spot images from DNA microarray highly affect the discovery of biological knowledge from gene expression data. However, results from quality analysis, normalization, differential expression, and cluster analysis are rarely validated with spot images in current data analysis methods or software packages. We designed RealSpot, a software package, to validate the results by directly associating spot quality and data with spot images in a spreadsheet table. RealSpot splits hybridization images into individual spots stored in a spreadsheet table. It subsequently associates microarray data with spot images and performs data validation through the standard table operation such as sorting, searching, and editing. RealSpot has several built-in functions to facilitate data validation, including spot quality analysis, data organization, one-way ANOVA, gene ontology association, verification, import, and export. We used RealSpot to evaluate 77 slides (30,000 features each) from real hybridization experiments and to validate results from each step of data analysis. It took ∼10 min to validate results of spot quality after initial evaluation and correct ∼0.3% of falsely assigned qualities of 10,000 spots. We validated 1,641 of 2,110 differentially expressed genes identified by SAM analysis in ∼1/2 h by comparing each gene with its respective spot image. Furthermore, we found that 6 of 48 genes in one cluster from k-mean clustering method showed inconsistent trends of spot images. RealSpot is efficient for validating microarray results and thus helpful for improving the reliability of the whole microarray experiment for experimentalists.
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Ramies, D. A., A. Sandler, R. Gray, B. Giantonio, J. Brahmer, B. Lyons, and J. Schiller. "Bevacizumab: Analysis of clinical benefit in females across trials in colorectal cancer and non-small cell lung cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2007): 7634. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.7634.
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7634 Background: Bevacizumab (Bv) has demonstrated significant improvement in overall survival (OS) in randomized trials in first- and second-line (FL and SL) metastatic CRC (mCRC), FL NSCLC, and progression-free survival (PFS) in metastatic breast cancer (mBC). However, in FL metastatic non-squamous NSCLC, OS benefit was less robust in females treated with Bv + chemotherapy (CTx). In order to examine whether there is a gender effect upon efficacy in other trials, an analysis of results from randomized ph II and open-label ph III trials with Bv in mCRC (and a randomized ph II trial in SL NSCLC) was conducted for females. Methods: RR, PFS and OS are summarized for females in the following trials (primary endpoint): 1] ph II FL mCRC (PFS); 2] ph III: FL mCRC (OS); 3] ph III SL mCRC (OS); 4] ph II SL NSCLC (PFS); 5] ph III FL NSCLC (OS). Results: Table 1 presents results of Studies 1 - 5. RR is presented as the difference in RR between Bv and respective control arms. Conclusions: Clinical benefit with Bv + CTx compared to CTx-alone was observed in OS for females in studies which included Bv in treatment of mCRC. OS observed in females in Study 5 (FL NSCLC) is inconsistent with findings in mCRC, mBC and SL NSCLC, and the improvement for PFS and RR for females in Study 5. As such, there is no compelling evidence to suggest lack of benefit with Bv in females. [Table: see text] [Table: see text]
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Loerinc, Leah, Amy Scheel, Sierra L. Jordan-Thompson, Scott Gillespie, and Andres Camacho-Gonzalez. "1537. Incidence, Reinfection, and Discrepancy Between Site Positivity and Reported Sexual Practice of Sexually Transmitted Infections in HIV-Positive Adolescents and Young Adults in Atlanta, GA." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 7, Supplement_1 (October 1, 2020): S768—S769. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaa439.1717.
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Abstract Background HIV-positive adolescents and young adults (AYAs) are disproportionately affected by sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Despite national recommendations, STI screening remains low. Incomplete screening in addition to inconsistent reported sexual practices may lead to missed infections. This study aimed to determine the incidence and reinfection rates of co-STIs in HIV-positive AYAs and the discrepancy between site positivity and self-reported sexual history in this group. Methods Retrospective chart review was conducted for all patients aged 13-24 at Grady Ponce and Family Youth Clinic in Atlanta, GA from 2009-2018. Data were collected on demographics and STI events. STIs included gonorrhea (GC), chlamydia (CT), human papillomavirus (HPV), syphilis, trichomonas, herpes simplex virus (HSV), lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV), hepatitis C (HCV), bacterial vaginosis (BV), and chancroid. First STI incidence and incidence of reinfections were calculated by dividing new cases over corresponding person follow-up time. Results 621 sexually active HIV-positive AYAs were included. The mean age at first observation was 18.7 (±3.29) years. 72.1% of patients were male, 92.3% were Black, and 79.7% were horizontally infected. 83.7% of patients had at least one STI during the study period. The overall first STI incidence rate was 35.8 per 100 person-years with HPV, GC, CT, and syphilis as the most common STIs reported (Table 1). The overall recurrent incidence rate was 72.1 per 100 person-years with GC, CT, and syphilis as the most common recurrent infections (Table 1). Of all GC and CT infections, the majority were rectal (48.7% and 49.9%, respectively) (Table 2). Only 65.8% of patients with rectal GC and 68.5% with rectal CT infections reported recent receptive anal sex (Table 3). Table 1: First and recurrent incidence rates of any STI and individual STIs per 100 person-years Table 2: STIs by site, all infections Table 3: Reported exposure history vs. STI site positivity Conclusion Our study demonstrates disproportionately high incidence and reinfection rates of co-STIs in HIV-positive AYAs. Furthermore, many patients did not report exposure at their site of infection. If screening is done based off reported exposure history alone, many infections may be missed. Our data support the urgent need for increased STI screening in this population, including routine extragenital testing for GC and CT even without reported exposure at these sites. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures
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Iqbal, Mohammad Tauquir, and Mohd Tariq. "Modeling, Analysis and Control of Different DC-DC Converter Topologies for Photo Voltaic Emulator." International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) 6, no. 1 (April 1, 2017): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijape.v6.i1.pp45-54.
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This paper presents the modeling, analysis and control of different DC-DC converter topologies to emulate the photovoltaic (PV) system. A PV emulator is basically a DC-DC converter having same electrical characteristics that of solar PV panel. The emulator helps to achieve real characteristics of PV system in a better way in an environment where using actual PV systems can produce inconsistent results due to variation in weather conditions. The paper describes different types of DC-DC converters like buck, Resonant and Quasi Resonant Converter. The complete system is modelled in MATLAB® Simulink SimPowerSystem software package. The Simulation results obtained from the MATLAB® Simulink SimPowerSystem software package for different topologies under steady and dynamic conditions are analyzed and presented. An evaluation table is also presented at the end of the paper, presenting the effectiveness of each topology.
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Loberiza, F. R., A. K. Ganti, J. O. Armitage, P. J. Bierman, R. G. Bociek, M. P. Devetten, L. J. Maness, J. M. Vose, and S. Lee. "Advance care planning (ACP) prior to hematopoeitic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in patients with cancer is associated with improved survival." Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2007): 9026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.9026.
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9026 Background: HSCT carries an increased risk of mortality. Thus, patients are encouraged to have ACP. However, discussions about ACP is not a casual process since it may elicit undue anxiety to the patients and their families. Anecdotally, pts fear that discussion of the possibility of death is inconsistent with hoping for the best outcome. We therefore compared the outcomes of pts with or without ACP who received HSCT for cancer. Methods: ACP was defined as having living will, power of attorney for health care, or life-support instructions conducted prior to transplant. ACP were reviewed in pts who were at least 19 yo and received first allogeneic or autologous HSCT for cancer between 2001 and 2003. Pts were classified into: 1) No ACP, 2) ACP prior to cancer dx, 3) ACP after cancer dx but prior to HSCT. Multivariate analysis (MVA) was done to evaluate the relative risk of mortality at 1 year according to ACP while adjusting for other prognostic factors. Results: 343 pts were included in the study: 172 (50%) did not have ACP, while 171 (50%) pts had ACP. Of those with ACP, 127 pts (74%) were available for review. Characteristics were similar between pts with and without reviewable ACP. 28 pts had ACP prior to cancer dx, 87 had ACP prior to HSCT, while 12 had ACP after HSCT. 64% of pts with ACP had both power of attorney and a living will, 16% had a living will alone and 19% had power of attorney alone. Older pts (p <0.001) and Caucasians (p = 0.04) were more likely to have ACP. MVA were confined to the 172 pts with no ACP and 115 who had ACP before HSCT and showed that pts with ACP prior to HSCT had a significantly lower risk of mortality (see table ). Conclusions: Despite a diagnosis of cancer and hospitalization for HSCT, only 50% of patients had engaged in ACP. ACP at any time before HSCT was associated with higher one-year survival. Engagement in ACP is not necessarily inconsistent with hoping for the best outcome in HSCT. Further study is warranted to explore the reasons for engaging or not in ACP. No significant financial relationships to disclose. [Table: see text]
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Pennison, Michael J., Qinghua Zeng, Phillip J. Buckhaults, Virginia G. Kaklamani, Noralane M. Lindor, John L. Hopper, Loic Le Marchand, et al. "Dual role of TGFBR1 as a modifier of colorectal cancer risk." Journal of Clinical Oncology 33, no. 3_suppl (January 20, 2015): 600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2015.33.3_suppl.600.
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600 Background: Experimental and clinical evidence suggests that constitutively decreased Transforming Growth Factor Beta type I receptor (TGFBR1) signaling predisposes to colorectal cancer (CRC) development. However, associations between TGFBR1 variants and CRC risk in case-control studies have been inconsistent. Methods: We utilized 1,043 CRC cases and their 1,627 unaffected sibling controls obtained from the Colon Cancer Family Registry (C-CFR). Individuals were genotyped for twelve TGFBR1 haplotype tagging SNPs. SNPs associated with CRC risk were validated in 261 CRC cases and 531 controls of African American ancestry and 990 CRC cases and 3,427 controls of Han Chinese ancestry. Validated SNPs were functionally characterized with respect to TGFBR1 expression and TGF-β signaling. Results: The TGFBR1 rs7034462-TT genotype was associated with CRC risk in C-CFR participants (OR 3.80[1.46-9.85]) and African Americans (OR 8.16[2.07-32.08]) (see Table). The TT genotype was associated with stage III and stage IV at diagnosis in C-CFR participants (OR 2.99[1.15-7.81] and OR 9.38[1.54-57.28]) and African Americans (OR 5.89[1.15-30.02] and OR 12.75[1.88-86.33]), respectively. The rs7034462-CT genotype was associated with decreased risk for CRC in African Americans (OR 0.55[0.31-0.99]) and Han Chinese (OR 0.67[0.48-0.95]) (see table). Cells carrying the rs7034462-TT genotype exhibited decreased constitutive TGFBR1 expression, increased SMAD7 expression, and decreased TGF-β signaling. Conclusions: The TGFBR1 rs7034462-T allele has dual, opposite roles with respect to CRC risk. The rare rs7034462-TT genotype is a moderate penetrance genotype associated with risk for CRC and advanced stage disease at diagnosis. In contrast, the common rs7034462-CT genotype is associated with decreased CRC risk. [Table: see text]
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HAVNES, PER-ANDERS, and LINE MARIE B. SKJEKKELAND. "EVALUATING ENTREPRENEURSHIP PROGRAMMES – OBJECTIVES AND MEASUREMENT DILEMMAS." Journal of Enterprising Culture 15, no. 04 (December 2007): 339–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218495807000186.
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The manifestation of entrepreneurship is new business ventures that may be organised within or outside existing firms. Governments in all countries in the industrial world attempt to encourage entrepreneurship as an instrument to renew and strengthen their economy. Many of these governments evaluate their policies by monitoring results of the programmes. This paper examines the evaluation of an ongoing entrepreneurial support programme in Norway. The evaluation of the programme demonstrates that inconsistent and ambiguous goals complicate the measurements that are required for the evaluation. Further complications arise from the fact that some goals are specified in quantitative, others in qualitative terms. Finally, the evaluation draws attention to the significance of the incubation period between cause and effect. Such problems indicate that however precise quantitative measures appear to be when presented in statistical table or graphs, caution is necessary when the measurements are used to assess the effects of programmes and activities.
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Iqbal, Mohammad Tauquir, and Mohd Tariq. "Modeling, Analysis and Control of Different DC-DC Converter Topologies for Photo Voltaic Emulator." International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) 6, no. 1 (April 1, 2017): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijape.v6.i1.pp46-55.
Full textAbstract:
This paper presents the modeling, analysis and control of different DC-DC converter topologies to emulate the photovoltaic (PV) system. A PV emulator is basically a DC-DC converter having same electrical characteristics that of solar PV panel. The emulator helps to achieve real characteristics of PV system in a better way in an environment where using actual PV systems can produce inconsistent results due to variation in weather conditions. The paper describes different types of DC-DC converters like buck, Resonant and Quasi Resonant Converter. The complete system is modelled in MATLAB<sup>®</sup> Simulink SimPowerSystem software package. The Simulation results obtained from the MATLAB<sup>®</sup> Simulink SimPowerSystem software package for different topologies under steady and dynamic conditions are analyzed and presented. An evaluation table is also presented at the end of the paper, presenting the effectiveness of each topology.
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Skarin, A. T., F. Vekeman, F. Laliberté, O. Afonja, M. Lafeuille, V. Barghout, and M. S. Duh. "Pattern of utilization of pegfilgrastim in patients with chemotherapy-induced neutropenia: A retrospective analysis of administrative claims data." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2009): 9624. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.9624.
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9624 Background: Pegfilgrastim is a long-acting granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) used to prevent or treat febrile neutropenia associated with myelosuppressive anticancer therapies. According to the prescribing information, pegfilgrastim should not be administered within 14 days before or 24 hours after cytotoxic chemotherapy because of the potential for myeloid toxicity. This study examined use patterns of pegfilgrastim in real-life practice. Methods: Analysis of health insurance claims data in 2000- 2007 from > 35 large health plans across the US was conducted. Patients who had a cancer diagnosis and chemotherapy within 120 days of their first pegfilgrastim injection were identified. The proportion of pegfilgrastim injections that were followed by administration of chemotherapy within 11 and 9 days was calculated. Analysis was also stratified by cancer type [Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), lung, breast]. Results: A total of 13,526 cancer patients received 57,118 pegfilgrastim injections. NHL, lung, and breast cohorts comprised 2,722, 2,772, and 4,955 patients, respectively. Mean age (SD) was 55.0 (11.6) and women represented 65.9% of study population. Among all cancer types, 19.2% of pegfilgrastim injections had a chemotherapy claim within the following 11 days. This pattern of use was the highest in NHL (18.9%), followed by lung (17.1%), and breast (16.2%). Similar results were observed in the 9-day sensitivity analysis (see Table ). Conclusions: Based on the retrospective analysis of this administrative claims database, the use of pegfilgrastim within 11 days of an administration of chemotherapy was observed in 15–20% of cases which is inconsistent with the recommended guidelines. Pegfilgrastim use in these situations may have the potential to increase sensitivity of rapidly dividing myeloid cells to cytotoxic chemotherapy. Further research is being conducted to assess the related clinical and economic impact of this pattern of usage. [Table: see text] [Table: see text]
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Erhan Sevil, Hakki, and Serhan Ozdemir. "Prediction of microdrill breakage using rough sets." Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 25, no. 1 (October 7, 2010): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890060410000144.
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AbstractThis study attempts to correlate the nonlinear invariants' with the changing conditions of a drilling process through a series of condition monitoring experiments on small diameter (1 mm) drill bits. Run-to-failure tests are performed on these drill bits, and vibration data are consecutively gathered at equal time intervals. Nonlinear invariants, such as the Kolmogorov entropy and correlation dimension, and statistical parameters are calculated based on the corresponding conditions of the drill bits. By intervariations of these values between two successive measurements, a drop–rise table is created. Any variation that is within a certain threshold (±20% of the measurements in this case) is assumed to be constant. Any fluctuation above or below is assumed to be either a rise or a drop. The reduct and conflict tables then help eliminate incongruous and redundant data by the use of rough sets (RSs). Inconsistent data, which by definition is the boundary region, are classified through certainty and coverage factors. By handling inconsistencies and redundancies, 11 rules are extracted from 39 experiments, representing the underlying rules. Then 22 new experiments are used to check the validity of the rule space. The RS decision frame performs best at predicting no failure cases. It is believed that RSs are superior in dealing with real-life data over fuzzy set logic in that actual measured data are never as consistent as here and may dominate the monitoring of the manufacturing processes as it becomes more widespread.
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Bell-Brown, Ari, Kathryn Egan, Karma L. Kreizenbeck, Kate Watabayashi, Gary H. Lyman, Dawn L. Hershman, Aasthaa Bansal, William E. Barlow, Sean D. Sullivan, and Scott David Ramsey. "Implementing an EHR guideline–based intervention in paper ordering systems." Journal of Clinical Oncology 36, no. 30_suppl (October 20, 2018): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2018.36.30_suppl.56.
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56 Background: Studies show Colony Stimulating Factor (CSF) prescribing is inconsistent with national guidelines. SWOG trial S1415CD is a pragmatic study comparing outcomes of CSF use in usual care with care that uses guideline-informed standing CSF orders. The intervention includes embedded CSF orders based on Febrile Neutropenia (FN) risk and system note wording describing guideline recommendations. Of 24 intervention sites, five (20.8%) use paper, presenting the challenge of translating an electronic health record (EHR) intervention to paper order entry systems (OES). Methods: Paper sites were surveyed on their chemotherapy OES to inform translation of the intervention. We worked with sites to develop a workflow consistent with the key principles of the intervention: Recommendation language 1) is present before prescribing CSF, 2) reaches all study-authorized orders, 3) reaches all patients on study-authorized orders, and 4) chemotherapy and CSF are ordered before the patient is enrolled. Results: Each site had a distinct workflow that was reworked (Table 1). Paper sites took 4-10 months (average 7.6) for implementation; EHR sites took 1-10 months (average 4.5). Conclusions: Implementing an EHR-centric intervention in paper sites is feasible with appropriate time and resources built into a project to account for the unique challenges. As paper sites represented one fifth of the intervention sites, it is vital to include paper sites in OES interventions for generalizability of results. Clinical trial information: NCT02728596. [Table: see text]
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Gilmore, James W., Nancy Walker Peacock, Anna Gu, Stephen Szabo, Melissa Rammage, Joyce Sharpe, Sally Haislip, et al. "Antiemetic guideline consistency and incidence of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in U.S. community oncology practice: INSPIRE study." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 34_suppl (December 1, 2012): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.34_suppl.167.
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167 Background: Electronic Health Records (EHRs) are a valuable source to evaluate the quality of oncology care, particularly when combined with patient outcomes data. Our objective was to evaluate the impact of guideline consistent/inconsistent chemotherapy prophylaxis (GCCP, GICP) on the incidence of no CINV after cycle 1 of highly or moderately emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC or MEC). Methods: INSPIRE (Impact of NCCN Antiemesis Guideline Usage on Patient Reported Emesis) was a prospective observational, multicenter study that enrolled chemotherapy-naive adults initiating single-day HEC or MEC. Results from the MASCC Antiemesis Tool, administered 5 to 8 days after HEC/MEC, were merged with EHR data. The primary endpoint, no CINV (no emesis and no clinically significant nausea), was compared between groups using logistic regression. Results: 1,295 patients (mean age=59.3, 30.0% male, 35.5% HEC) were enrolled from Georgia Cancer Specialists (53.0%), Tennessee Oncology (38.1%), Florida Cancer Specialists (5.7%), and Cancer Specialists of N. Florida (3.2%). The prevalence of GCCP was 57.3% (28.7% HEC; 73.1% MEC). If corticosteroids were prescribed to all HEC patients on days 2-4, GCCP for HEC would increase from 28.7% to 89.8%. If NK1-receptor antagonists (NK1-RA) were prescribed to all MEC patients, GCCP for MEC would increase from 73.1% to 97.8%. GCCP and GICP-treated patients differed by age, (p=0.010), HEC/MEC (p<0.0001), primary cancer site (p<0.0001), practice site (p<0.0001). The percent with no CINV, no emesis, and no clinically significant nausea was significantly higher for GCCP patients. Conclusions: Increased GCCP could significantly reduce CINV after HEC or MEC. The main reasons for guideline inconsisteny were lack of corticosteroids in the delayed phase for HEC and lack of NK1-RA for MEC. There remains room for improvement in nausea control. [Table: see text]
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Demarque, P., and D. B. Guenther. "Internal constitution and oscillation spectrum of Procyon." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 123 (1988): 287–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900158255.
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In a previous paper on Procyon A, we analyzed the best available observational data (summarized here in Table 1), discussed its evolutionary status in terms of theoretical evolutionary tracks, and evaluated on the basis of these models its expected characteristic p-mode frequency spacing (Demarque and Guenther 1986). We reached the following conclusions: (1)that the published astrometric mass of Procyon A is inconsistent with stellar models and seems too large by about 15 per cent.(2)that evolutionary models have too high effective temperatures unless convective overshoot at the edge of the convective core, of the order of a tenth of a pressure scale height, is taken into account.(3)that the p-mode characteristic frequency spacing for Procyon A should be in the range 25–30 μHz.The aim of this paper is to explore theoretically the potential ability of the p-mode and g-mode non-radial oscillation spectrum to throw light on two fundamental problems raised by our first study: Procyon A's evolutionary status, and its mass-luminosity relation.
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Barbon, Sylvio, Ana Paula Ayub da Costa Barbon, Rafael Gomes Mantovani, and Douglas Fernandes Barbin. "Machine Learning Applied to Near-Infrared Spectra for Chicken Meat Classification." Journal of Spectroscopy 2018 (August 7, 2018): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8949741.
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Identification of chicken quality parameters is often inconsistent, time-consuming, and laborious. Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy has been used as a powerful tool for food quality assessment. However, the near-infrared (NIR) spectra comprise a large number of redundant information. Determining wavelengths relevance and selecting subsets for classification and prediction models are mandatory for the development of multispectral systems. A combination of both attribute and wavelength selection for NIR spectral information of chicken meat samples was investigated. Decision Trees and Decision Table predictors exploit these optimal wavelengths for classification tasks according to different quality grades of poultry meat. The proposed methodology was conducted with a support vector machine algorithm (SVM) to compare the precision of the proposed model. Experiments were performed on NIR spectral information (1050 wavelengths), colour (CIEL∗a∗b∗, chroma, and hue), water holding capacity (WHC), and pH of each sample analyzed. Results show that the best method was the REPTree based on 12 wavelengths, allowing for classification of poultry samples according to quality grades with 77.2% precision. The selected wavelengths could lead to potential simple multispectral acquisition devices.
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Amoutzopoulos, Birdem, Toni Steer, Caireen Roberts, Darren Cole, David Collins, Dove Yu, Tabitha Hawes, et al. "A Disaggregation Methodology to Estimate Intake of Added Sugars and Free Sugars: An Illustration from the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey." Nutrients 10, no. 9 (August 28, 2018): 1177. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10091177.
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Various and inconsistent definitions for free and added sugars are used in the consideration and assessment of dietary intakes across public health, presenting challenges for nutritional surveillance, research, and policy. Furthermore, analytical methods to identify those sugars which are not naturally incorporated into the cellular structure of foods are lacking, thus free and added sugars are difficult to estimate in an efficient and accurate way. We aimed to establish a feasible and accurate method that can be applied flexibly to different definitions. Based on recipe disaggregation, our method involved five steps and showed good repeatability and validity. The resulting Free Sugars Database provided data for seven components of sugars; (1) table sugar; (2) other sugars; (3) honey; (4) fruit juice; (5) fruit puree; (6) dried fruit; and (7) stewed fruit, for ~9000 foods. Our approach facilitates a standardized and efficient assessment of added and free sugars, offering benefit and potential for nutrition research and surveillance, and for the food industry, for example to support sugar reduction and reformulation agendas.
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Oliner, Kelly S., Jean-Yves Douillard, Salvatore Siena, Josep Tabernero, Ronald L. Burkes, Mario Edmundo Barugel, Yves Humblet, et al. "Analysis of KRAS/NRAS and BRAF mutations in the phase III PRIME study of panitumumab (pmab) plus FOLFOX versus FOLFOX as first-line treatment (tx) for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2013): 3511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.3511.
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3511 Background: Analysis of a phase III pmab monotherapy study indicated that KRAS and NRAS mutations beyond KRAS exon 2 may be predictive of pmab efficacy (Peeters et al, 2013). Methods: The primary objective of this prospectively defined retrospective analysis of PRIME was to assess the effect of pmab + FOLFOX vs FOLFOX on overall survival (OS) in pts with mCRC based on RAS (KRAS or NRAS) or BRAF mutation status. "Gold standard" bidirectional Sanger sequencing and WAVE-based SURVEYOR Scan Kits from Transgenomic (conducted independently) were used to detect mutations in KRAS exon 3, exon 4; NRAS exon 2, exon 3, exon 4; and BRAF exon 15. Results: RAS ascertainment rate was 90%. Tx HRs for pts with WT RAS were 0.78 (95% CI, 0.62 - 0.99; p = 0.04) for OS (median gain of 5.8 months in the pmab arm) and 0.72 (95% CI, 0.58 - 0.90; p = < 0.01) for PFS. Tx HRs for WT KRAS exon 2/mutant (MT) other RAS were 1.29 (95% CI, 0.79 - 2.10; p = 0.31) for OS and 1.28 (95% CI, 0.79 - 2.07; p = 0.32) for PFS. Tx HRs for pts with WT or MT BRAF were inconsistent with a predictive biomarker (Table). Prognostic effects of the tested biomarkers will be presented. Conclusions: A statistically significant OS benefit was observed in pts with WT RAS mCRC treated with pmab + FOLFOX vs FOLFOX. Pmab is unlikely to benefit pts with any RAS mutations. In this analysis, BRAF mutation had no predictive value. Clinical trial information: NCT00364013. [Table: see text]
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Woltering, Eugene, Lowell Brian Anthony, Anne E. Diebold, J. Philip Boudreaux, and Yi-Zarn Wang. "Gene expression profiling (GEP) to predict the primary site of metastatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) presenting with an unknown primary." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2013): 4141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.4141.
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4141 Background: NETs often present as liver metastasis with an unknown primary. Accurate subtyping of NETs has important clinical implications for staging and site-specific targeted therapy. Traditionally, the work-up to identify a primary NET as being lung, pancreatic or gut-based can be challenging and time-consuming. Methods: GEP was performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor samples using a 92-gene RT-PCR assay (CancerTYPE ID, bioTheranostics Inc.) as part of the clinical work-up for patients diagnosed with NETs and unknown primaries. Results: Results were categorized by level of agreement (Table). Of the 39 patients tested with the assay, 82% presented with liver metastasis. Assay results from those patients with adequate work-up were concordant with clinical data in 77% (23/30) of cases. Surgery was performed in 12 of these cases and 100% accuracy of the molecular assay was confirmed, resulting in 75% of primary tumors being found in the gut and 25% in the pancreas or duodenum. Assay predictions were clinically plausible but inconsistent in 13% (4/30) of cases and were discordant with histology, IHC, imaging/radiological findings, and clinical impression in 10% of the cases. Conclusions: The 92-gene assay accurately predicted tumor subtype in patients presenting with NETs and an unknown primary. These findings have clinical utility for appropriate treatment selection, particularly where targeted therapies are available (everolimus, sunitinib). We believe the 92-gene assay can be useful in clinical management, and that our approach will lead to effective diagnosis and treatment algorithms to streamline extensive pre-operative work-up. [Table: see text]
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Chen, Ronald C., Matthew Edward Nielsen, Bryce B. Reeve, Laura H. Hendrix, Robert P. Agans, Anna Hoffmeyer, Deborah Usinger, Tara Strigo, Anne Jackman, and Paul Alphonso Godley. "Perceptions regarding prostate cancer (CaP) treatment options: Results from the North Carolina Prostate Cancer Comparative Effectiveness and Survivorship Study (NC ProCESS)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2013): 6530. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.6530.
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6530 Background: NC ProCESS is a population-based cohort of early (non-metastatic) CaP patients followed prospectively from diagnosis. Methods: Patients were identified through Rapid Case Ascertainment of the NC Cancer Registry from all NC counties in 2010-12. Phone survey assessed perceptions regarding treatment options and priorities in treatment selection. Results: 937 (59% of all eligible) completed this survey. Median age was 65; 72% were Caucasian. At time of survey, ~13 weeks from diagnosis, 98% had discussed options with a urologist, 49% with primary care, and 41% radiation oncologist. Many patients had concerns about potential effects of surgery and radiation on ability to perform daily activities, recovery time, and burden to family (Table). Open prostatectomy (ORP) and external beam radiation (RT) were deemed most likely to affect urinary and sexual function; fewer reported concern with robotic prostatectomy (RALP). Only 32% reported hormonal therapy would affect sexual function. Most reported surgery (especially RALP) had the best chance for cure, while 59% worried about recurrence with RT. In almost all questions, patients who consulted only with a urologist had significantly different perceptions about treatment options than those who also consulted with a radiation oncologist. In choosing treatment, 61% reported that cure was the highest priority, and 28% indicated preserving quality of life. Conclusions: Modern CaP patients often have misconceptions about treatment options inconsistent with published evidence, which are partially mitigated by multidisciplinary consultation. Most indicated cure as the highest priority, and surgery offers the best chance of cure. [Table: see text]
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Aapro, Matti S., Marika Chrápavá, Razvan-Ovidiu D. Curca, Laurentia Gales, Alexandru Calim Grigorescu, Bára Karlínová, Renata Kellnerová, et al. "Assessing the impact of antiemetic guideline compliance on prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV): Results of the Nausea/Emesis Registry in Oncology (NERO)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2020): 12083. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.12083.
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12083 Background: Evidence-based antiemetic guidelines offer predominantly consistent recommendations for CINV prophylaxis. However, studies and surveys suggest that adherence to these recommendations is suboptimal. We explored potential inconsistencies between clinical practice and guideline-recommended treatment with a registry evaluating the effect of guideline-consistent CINV prophylaxis (GCCP) on patient outcomes. Methods: This was a prospective, non-interventional, observational, multicenter study designed to assess overall (0-120 h) complete response (CR: no emesis/no rescue use) rates in patients who received GCCP or guideline inconsistent CINV prophylaxis (GICP) using diaries for 5 days following chemotherapy. Cycle 1 results are presented in patients who received either 1) anthracycline/cyclosphosphamide (AC) highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC), non-AC HEC or carboplatin, with GCCP for all these groups consisting of prophylaxis with an NK1 receptor antagonist (RA), 5-HT3RA, and dexamethasone (DEX) prior to chemotherapy or 2) moderately emetogenic chemotherapy (MEC), with GCCP consisting of a 5-HT3RA and DEX prior to chemotherapy as per MASCC 2016 guidelines. CR rates for cohorts deemed to be GCCP and GICP were compared using a chi-square test. Results: A total of 1,089 patients were part of the cycle 1 efficacy evaluation. Overall GCCP was 23% for all patients. CR rates were significantly higher in patients receiving GCCP versus GICP (Table). Conclusions: Consistent with prior studies, GCCP was very low. The primary endpoint of the study was achieved as there was a significant benefit of almost 10% improved prevention of CINV when administering GCCP. As per MASCC/ESMO guidelines such an absolute difference should be practice changing. Comprehensive multifaceted strategies are needed to achieve better adherence to antiemetic guidelines. [Table: see text]
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Elkin, E. B., S. Lee, E. S. Casper, D. Kissane, N. E. Kemeny, and D. Schrag. "Treatment decision-making preferences in older patients with metastatic colorectal cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 24, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2006): 8519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.8519.
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8519 Background: Shared decision-making is a tenet of contemporary oncology practice. However, it is uncertain how involved elderly patients want to be in making treatment decisions and how physicians perceive patient preferences for involvement in decision-making. Methods: In structured interviews about multiple facets of chemotherapy treatment decision-making, we asked patients age 70 and older seen at our specialty cancer center with a recent diagnosis of metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) about their preferences for making treatment decisions. We used Degner’s control preference scale to measure patient preference for decision control. Treating oncologists described their perception of each patient’s preference for decision control using the same scale. Control preference was assessed in relation to socio-demographic characteristics and functional status. Results: Of 52 patients interviewed, the mean age was 76 years (range 70–89), 52% were male, 60% were educated beyond high school and 25% required some help with activities of daily living (ADL). Preferences for involvement in treatment decision-making demonstrated marked variation (Table). Compared with female patients, males expressed a stronger preference for decision control (p<0.05). Preference for decision control was somewhat greater in patients under age 80, those with more education, and those with no ADL impairment, but these associations were not statistically significant. In 26% of cases, the treating physician’s perception and the patient’s expressed preference for decision control were concordant. Conclusions: In older patients with advanced CRC, preference for control in treatment decision-making shows marked heterogeneity and some correlation with socio-demographic characteristics and functional status. Physicians’ perceptions of patient preference for decision control are often inconsistent with patients’ actual preferences. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Bolland, M. J., and A. Grey. "Inconsistent data in text and tables." Osteoporosis International 26, no. 11 (May 28, 2015): 2713. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00198-015-3181-3.
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Handler, G., M. A. Wood, and A. Nitta. "Towards Ensemble Asteroseismology of the Pulsating DB White Dwarf Stars." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 185 (2002): 608–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100017231.
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The origin of the helium-atmosphere DB white dwarfs is still a matter of debate. In particular, the question is unresolved whether binary evolution produces a significant number of DBs. The pulsating DB white dwarfs (DBV stars) offer a complementary insight into this problem through asteroseismology; DBs descending from binaries will have different interior structures than DBs originating from single stars (Nitta & Winget, 1998).GD 358 is by far the best-observed pulsating DBV star, and the only one for which asteroseismology has been performed to date. This star’s structure has been shown to be inconsistent with an origin from binary evolution (Nitta & Winget, 1998), but most of the other DBVs are relatively poorly studied.We therefore analysed archival data on all DBVs and obtained new measurements of stars with very little data available (Table 1), firstly to identify suitable targets for asteroseismological investigations and secondly to examine the pulsation spectra of the DBVs as a group, following the works of Clemens (1994) and Kleinman (1995) on the pulsating DA white dwarfs. Our study also produced new seismological results on individual stars and promising targets for future Whole Earth Telescope (WET, Nather et al., 1990) runs.
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Sheikh, Marium, and Dr Farzana Amir Hashmi. "ASSESSMENT OF DIFFERENCES IN VITAMIN C INTAKE BEFORE AND DURING RAMADAN AMONG GENERAL POPULATION IN KARACHI." Pakistan Journal of Rehabilitation 5, no. 1 (January 1, 2016): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.36283/pjr.zu.5.1/005.
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BACKGROUND Inconsistent data revealed on investigation of nutrient intake by different populations of Muslims during Ramadan, particularly due to the variations in dietary norms. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this observational study was to find out the difference of Vitamin C intake before and during Ramadan within different age groups and genders. METHODS A prospective study was conducted to investigate Vitamin C intake of subjects on two occasions: before and during Ramadan. A total of 770 voluntary subjects (12–90 yrs.) were enrolled for the research. Informed consent form was obtained from each of the participant before the commencement of the study. A quantitative questionnaire cum interview method was used to collect demographic data, health characteristics and dietary intake data. Dietary data was collected using a 24 hour dietary recall and Generic Food Photograph Atlas (GFP) while food items were recorded in codes. Standardized Recipes were used to assess the amount of Vitamin C in each food consumed. Vitamin C intake was calculated with the help of the United States Department of Agriculture Food Composition Table (USDA FCT) and Allama Iqbal Open University Food Composition Table (AIOU FCT). Analysis was conducted using Paired-T-Test and MANOVA using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Software, Version 16. RESULTS A significant increase was observed in the overall intake of Vitamin C in the diet of participants during Ramadan (195.5% of before Ramadan intake). Moreover, the results indicated that Vitamin C consumption was increased among both males and females (P = <0.05) and among heterogeneous aged subjects during Ramadan (P = <0.05). CONCLUSION Additional research is warranted to further elucidate the increased intake of Vitamin C with regards of cultural differences. KEYWORDS Vitamin C, Before Ramadan, Intake, Generic Food Photograph Atlas, During Ramadan, Karachi
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Lee, T. S., S. L. Kilbreath, G. Sullivan, K. M. Refshauge, and J. M. Beith. "Survey of arm activity after breast cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2007): 9054. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.9054.
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9054 Background: Post-operative education of women with breast cancer is inconsistent as guidelines provide conflicting advice regarding how vigorously women can use their arm. Current post-operative advice about lymphoedema focuses on the avoidance of strenuous arm activity and exercise, but common physiotherapy practice advocate this to address possible impairments after surgery such as loss of shoulder range and weakness. Methods: A 30-minute survey based on the Protection Motivation Theory was developed to explore the relationship between patients’ perception of what they can do with their affected arm following breast cancer treatment and their intention to use their affected arm. In addition, patients’ cancer and treatment characteristics, demographics, arm and chest symptoms, and arm function were assessed by the survey. The survey was pre-tested, and then distributed to 175 consecutive breast cancer survivors at 6–15 months after breast cancer treatment. Results: Of the women surveyed, 91(52%) had sentinel node biopsies, 67 (38%) had axillary dissection, 14 (8%) had no surgery to the lymph nodes, and 3 (2%) were unknown. There was a high incidence of shoulder restriction and upper limb pain in both women who had sentinel node biopsies and women who had axillary dissections ( Table 1 ). The majority of women who had sentinel node biopsies (51%) and axillary dissections (61%) perceived it was necessary for them to avoid strenuous arm activity. Overall, women who intended to avoid strenuous arm activity were found to have a greater likelihood of reporting upper limb swelling (LR=17.6, p=0.000) and weakness (LR=10.9, p=0.001). Conclusion: Women who had sentinel node biopsies intended to avoid strenuous arm activities even though they have a negligible risk of lymphoedema, placing them at risk of developing secondary musculoskeletal problems. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Cavanagh, Nicola, Grayson Cockett, Christina Heinrich, Lauren Doig, Kirsten Fiest, Juliet R. Guichon, Stacey Page, Ian Mitchell, and Christopher James Doig. "Compassion fatigue in healthcare providers: A systematic review and meta-analysis." Nursing Ethics 27, no. 3 (December 12, 2019): 639–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733019889400.
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Background: Compassion fatigue is recognized as impacting the health and effectiveness of healthcare providers, and consequently, patient care. Compassion fatigue is distinct from “burnout.” Reliable measurement tools, such as the Professional Quality of Life scale, have been developed to measure the prevalence, and predict risk of compassion fatigue. This study reviews the prevalence of compassion fatigue among healthcare practitioners, and relationships to demographic variables. Methods: A systematic review was conducted using key words in MEDLINE, PubMed, and Ovid databases. Data were extracted from a total of 71 articles meeting inclusion criteria, from studies measuring compassion fatigue in healthcare providers using a validated instrument. Quantitative and qualitative data were extracted and compiled by three independent reviewers into an evidence table that included basic study characteristics, study strength and quality determination, measurements of compassion fatigue, and general findings. Meta-analysis, where data allowed, was stratified by Professional Quality of Life version, heterogeneity was quantified, and pooled means were reported with 95% confidence interval. A table of major study characteristics and results was created. Ethical consideration: This paper contains no primary data obtained directly from research participants. Data obtained from previously published resources have been acknowledged within references. Psychological distress, particularly compassion fatigue, can be insidious, no health profession is immune, and may significantly impact the ability to provide care. Results: A total of 71 studies were included. Compassion fatigue was reported across all practitioner groups studied. Relationships to most demographic variables such as years of experience and specialty were either not statistically significant or unclear. Variability in reporting of Professional Quality of Life results was found. Interpretation: Compassion fatigue exists across diverse practitioner groups. Prevalence is highly variable, and its relationship with demographic, personal, and/or professional variables is inconsistent. Questions are raised about how to mitigate compassion fatigue.
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Thompson, Stephen F., Sheikh Usman Iqbal, Sarah Naoshy, Daniel B. Ng, Michael L. Andria, Steven A. Sherman, Elisabetta Malangone, Lee Stern, and Magdaliz Gorritz-Kindu. "Current practices in 1st- (1L), 2nd- (2L), and 3rd-line (3L) treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2012): e14028-e14028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.e14028.
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e14028 Background: Up-to-date information concerning the optimal regimen assignment and sequencing of therapies is lacking for the treatment of mCRC patients. By tracking trends in treatment choice, this retrospective, observational study assesses current treatment patterns in mCRC patients by line of therapy. Methods: Using electronic medical record data from one of the largest US oncology databases (SDI), treatment regimens for 1L, 2L, and 3L were assessed for patients age ≥18 yrs diagnosed with mCRC from 1/1/04-7/31/11 who received anticancer agents. Results: 1,793 stage IV patients were identified in 1L, 1,050 in 2L, and 504 in 3L. Overall mean age was 60.4 yrs, and 54.6% were men. The most common comorbidities were hypertension (18.0%), lipid metabolism disorders (10.6%), and diabetes (8.6%). 47.8% had commercial insurance, 37.2% Medicare, 8.5% Medicaid, and 4.6% self pay. 1,026 patients received bevacizumab (B) in 1L, 583 in 2L, and 204 in 3L. Patients were more likely to receive FOLFOX (FX) + B in 1L and 2L. The top 3 regimens are shown in the table below. For patients who began treatment with B and continued B in a subsequent regimen, mean dose of B increased from 443.7 mg/kg (1L) to 567.0 mg/kg (2L) and 618.1 mg/kg (3L). Conclusions: FX is the regimen of choice in mCRC. In terms of biologics, B is more commonly used in 1L/2L than 3L. Given that approximately half the mCRC patients progressed to 2L/3L treatment, this likely reflects an unmet need for advanced therapies for the effective treatment of the disease. Furthermore, consistent dose escalation with continued B use across 2L/3L was seen despite that use of B in 3L mCRC is inconsistent with NCCN guidelines. Additional research on outcomes implications is needed, including mortality, patient toxicity, and costs. [Table: see text]
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Bednar, Erica, Kimberly I. Muse, Holly D. Oakley, Ellen Baker, Michael T. Walsh, Rebekah C. Krukenberg, Cara S. Dresbold, et al. "Dissemination of universal genetic testing to three unique oncology care settings." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2017): 1590. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.1590.
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1590 Background: Efforts are occurring across the United States to improve the rates of identification and standard of care genetic counseling (GC) and genetic testing (GT) of pts with breast and ovarian cancer. Following a successful quality improvement (QI) initiative to increase referrals and utilization of GC/GT among pts with breast and ovarian cancer to >80% at our host site (HS), we sought to disseminate the QI project to three unique oncology care settings (OCS). Methods: The OCS described in the Table are certified members of the HS network, were strategically identified, and agreed to participate in the QI project. Genetic counselors at the HS and OCS built teams to plan and initiate the project. A 130-item environmental scan was created by the HS team to assess OCS structure, resources, and GC/GT processes. OCS teams completed the environmental scan and a semi-structured interview with the HS; and from this, barriers to GC/GT were identified, then categorized using Ishikawa diagrams. Clinical interventions were designed to address these barriers. Resulting QI protocols follow the PDSA-cycle QI model. A database was built for retrospective and prospective data collection of eligible pts and rates of GC/GT referral and completion from 2015-2018. Results: Although unique barriers were identified at each OCS, all identified: pt referral/scheduling issues, technology and electronic medical record system inefficiencies, and inconsistent physician referral/GT practices. OCS interventions include: implementation of physician-coordinated GT, GC within chemo infusion suites, physician education sessions, GC scheduling improvements, creation of pt education documents, and development of referral tracking processes. Conclusions: Genetic counselors collaborated, planned, and initiated dissemination of a QI project to improve GC/GT utilization at three unique OCS. QI interventions were developed to address the unique environment and barriers at each OCS. [Table: see text]
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You, Benoit, Olivier Colomban, Gilles Freyer, Alexandra Leary, Isabelle Laure Ray-Coquard, Alain Lortholary, Anne Claire Hardy Bessard, et al. "Two prognostic populations of ovarian cancer patients defined by CA125 modeled kinetic parameter KELIM (AGO-OVAR 7 & 9; ICON 7 AGO/GINECO/ MRC CTU/GCIG trials)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2017): 5554. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.5554.
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5554 Background: Longitudinal CA125 kinetics during treatment can be assessed by mathematical models. The modeled CA125 elimination parameter KELIM (with 3-4 timepoints) was an early prognostic factor in CALYPSO (Gynecol Oncol 2013). Validating the prognostic value of KELIM in phase 3 trial datasets with different 1st line treatments was warranted. Methods: Data from AGO-OVAR 9 (training set: carboplatin-paclitaxel (CP) +/- gemcitabine; n=1742); AGO-OVAR 7 (validation set: CP +/- topotecan; n=1308); and ICON 7 trials (validation set: CP +/- bevacizumab; n=1528) were analyzed. CA125 profiles were fit to nonlinear mixed effect equations, and KELIM estimated in all patients at 100 days. KELIM prognostic value was tested regarding PFS and OS against other prognostic factors (stage; pathology; grade; arms; GCIG CA125 criteria; Oza groups in ICON 7) using univariate/multivariate tests. Results: KELIM (≤ or > median 0.0598) had reproducible independent prognostic value for PFS (AGO 9: HR = 0.60 [0.53-0.69]; AGO 7: HR = 0.58 [0.40-0.83]; ICON-7: HR=0.65 [0.44-0.96]) and for OS (AGO 9: HR = 0.55 [0.47-0.64]; AGO 7: HR = 0.55 [0.35-0.86]; ICON-7: HR=0.49 [0.41-0.57]) by multivariate tests. Other significant factors for PFS & OS: stage IV in AGO7 & 9 (HR=6.0 to 8.3) and ICON 7 poor progn group (PFS HR=2.24 PFS; OS HR=2.22 [1.9-2.6]). KELIM prognostic value was independent on regimen arms (Table), maintained within ICON7 progn groups (best OS gain with bevac if poor progn & unfav KELIM), and better than GCIG CA125 (inconsistent progn value). Conclusions: The reproducible & independent early prognostic value of KELIM regarding PFS and OS is validated. Easily calculable online, it early discriminates 2 ovarian cancer populations for PFS & OS whatever treatments, and is a new reference prognostic factor. [Table: see text]