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Journal articles on the topic 'Mortality and race Mortality Hispanic Americans'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 February 2022

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1

Mandadi, Mounika, and Goetz H. Kloecker. "Representation of minorities in randomized lung cancer trials in the United States." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 15_suppl (2012): e16517-e16517. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.e16517.

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e16517 Background: The SEER data base shows a higher rate of lung cancer mortality for African Americans and a lower lung cancer mortality rate of Hispanics compared to Caucasians in the US. It is not clear if this is due to socioeconomic or biological factors. This study reviews the representation of Caucasians, African Americans (AA), Hispanics, and Asians in recent randomized trials published in the US. Methods: A systematic review was done of randomized trials in lung cancer published in the NEJM, JAMA, JCO. The percentage of patients of each race in the individual trials was listed. An av

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Sussman, Daniel A., Stacey L. Tannenbaum, Laura A. McClure, et al. "Colorectal cancer mortality among Cuban and non-Cuban Hispanics." Journal of Clinical Oncology 33, no. 3_suppl (2015): 775. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2015.33.3_suppl.775.

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775 Background: We examined all-cause mortality of Floridian colorectal cancer (CRC) patients among Hispanics of Cuban and non-Cuban origin, non-Hispanic Whites (NHWs) and non-Hispanic Blacks (NHBs). We hypothesized that Cuban Hispanics would have a higher mortality risk relative to other Hispanics in Florida with CRC. Methods: We obtained data from the Florida Cancer Data System for all incident CRC cases (2007-2011) among Floridians 18+ years and linked these files with data from Florida’s Agency for Health Care Administration and the 2006-2010 American Community Survey (n=46,579). Race/ethn

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Hummer, Robert A., and Juanita J. Chinn. "RACE/ETHNICITY AND U.S. ADULT MORTALITY." Du Bois Review: Social Science Research on Race 8, no. 1 (2011): 5–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742058x11000051.

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AbstractAlthough there have been significant decreases in U.S. mortality rates, racial/ethnic disparities persist. The goals of this study are to: (1) elucidate a conceptual framework for the study of racial/ethnic differences in U.S. adult mortality, (2) estimate current racial/ethnic differences in adult mortality, (3) examine empirically the extent to which measures of socioeconomic status and other risk factors impact the mortality differences across groups, and (4) utilize findings to inform the policy community with regard to eliminating racial/ethnic disparities in mortality. Relative B

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Ailawadhi, Sikander, Dongyun Yang, Edmund Ho, Pedram Razavi, and Asher A. Chanan-Khan. "Outcome Disparities In Multiple Myeloma: A SEER-Based Comparative Analysis of Hispanic Patients." Blood 116, no. 21 (2010): 396. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v116.21.396.396.

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Abstract Abstract 396 Background: Study of ethnic disparities in various malignancies has revealed variation in clinical outcomes. In multiple myeloma (MM) patients, such an analysis has not yet been undertaken for patients with Hispanics decent. Since this is the fastest growing ethnic subgroup in the United States, we sought to define the epidemiological characteristics as well as disease related outcome of Hispanics with MM. Methods: The Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) 17 Registry data (1973-2007) was utilized. Patients with confirmed diagnosis of MM were eligible for this

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Kim, Taehee, Connie M. Rhee, Elani Streja, et al. "Racial and Ethnic Differences in Mortality Associated with Serum Potassium in a Large Hemodialysis Cohort." American Journal of Nephrology 45, no. 6 (2017): 509–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000475997.

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Background: Hyperkalemia is observed in chronic kidney disease patients and may be a risk factor for life-threatening arrhythmias and death. Race/ethnicity may be important modifiers of the potassium-mortality relationship in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients given that potassium intake and excretion vary among minorities. Methods: We examined racial/ethnic differences in baseline serum potassium levels and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality using Cox proportional hazard models and restricted cubic splines in a cohort of 102,241 incident MHD patients. Serum potassium was categorized

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Crimmins, Eileen M., and Yuan S. Zhang. "Aging Populations, Mortality, and Life Expectancy." Annual Review of Sociology 45, no. 1 (2019): 69–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-soc-073117-041351.

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Life expectancy has long been seen as an indicator of the quality of life as well as the health of a population. Recent trends in US life expectancy show growing inequality in life expectancy for some socioeconomic and geographic groupings but diminishing inequality by race and gender. For example, while African Americans had gains in life expectancy, non-Hispanic white women with low levels of education experienced drops. Overall, the United States continues to fall behind other countries in terms of life expectancy. One reason is our growing mortality in midlife from so-called deaths of desp

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Valencia, Celina I., Samer Asmar, Chiu-Hsieh Hsu, et al. "Renal Cell Carcinoma Health Disparities in Stage and Mortality among American Indians/Alaska Natives and Hispanic Americans: Comparison of National Cancer Database and Arizona Cancer Registry Data." Cancers 13, no. 5 (2021): 990. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13050990.

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Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the top 10 cancers in the United States. This study assessed RCC health disparities in American Indians/Alaska Natives (AIs/ANs) and Hispanic Americans (HAs) focusing on advanced-stage and mortality. RCC patients’ data were obtained from the National Cancer Database (NCDB) and Arizona Cancer Registry (ACR). Logistic and Cox regression analyses were performed to ascertain the effect of race/ethnicity on stage and mortality, adjusting for neighborhood socioeconomic factors, rural/urban residence pattern, and other factors. In both data sets, AIs/ANs had signi

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Hall, Jeffrey, Ramal Moonesinghe, Karen Bouye, and Ana Penman-Aguilar. "Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Mortality: Contributions and Variations by Rurality in the United States, 2012–2015." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 3 (2019): 436. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16030436.

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The value of disaggregating non-metropolitan and metropolitan area deaths in illustrating place-based health effects is evident. However, how place interacts with characteristics such as race/ethnicity has been less firmly established. This study compared socioeconomic characteristics and age-adjusted mortality rates by race/ethnicity in six rurality designations and assessed the contributions of mortality rate disparities between non-Hispanic blacks (NHBs) and non-Hispanic whites (NHWs) in each designation to national disparities. Compared to NHWs, age-adjusted mortality rates for: (1) NHBs w

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Hoffman, Richard M., David K. Espey, Robert L. Rhyne, et al. "Colorectal Cancer Incidence and Mortality Disparities in New Mexico." Journal of Cancer Epidemiology 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/239619.

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Background.Previous analyses indicated that New Mexican Hispanics and American Indians (AI) did not experience the declining colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality rates observed among non-Hispanic whites (NHW). We evaluated more recent data to determine whether racial/ethnic differences persisted.Methods.We used New Mexico Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results data from 1995 to 2009 to calculate age-specific incidence rates and age-adjusted incidence rates overall and by tumor stage. We calculated mortality rates using National Center for Health Statistics’ data. We used joinpoin

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Wang, Qian, Hui Xie, Changchuan Jiang, et al. "Racial and ethnic disparities in nasopharyngeal cancer with an emphasis among Asian Americans." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 28_suppl (2021): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.39.28_suppl.118.

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118 Background: Nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) is characterized by a distinct geographic distribution which reflects genetic predispositions, with highest incidence in Southeastern Asia and Southern China. It continues to cause a significant health burden among Asian Americans (AAs), which is a fast growing but understudied racial group. Prior studies investigating NPC combined all AA groups which may mask heterogeneities among AA subgroups. We aimed to examine the disparities in NPC by dividing AAs into four major ethnic groups - Chinese, Filipinos, Vietnamese, and Japanese Americans. Methods: N

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Probst, Janice C., Whitney E. Zahnd, Peiyin Hung, Jan M. Eberth, Elizabeth L. Crouch, and Melinda A. Merrell. "Rural-Urban Mortality Disparities: Variations Across Causes of Death and Race/Ethnicity, 2013–2017." American Journal of Public Health 110, no. 9 (2020): 1325–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2020.305703.

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Objectives. To examine rural-urban disparities in overall mortality and leading causes of death across Hispanic (any race) and non-Hispanic White, Black, American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN), and Asian/Pacific Islander populations. Methods. We performed a retrospective analysis of age-adjusted death rates for all-cause mortality and 5 leading causes of death (cardiovascular, cancer, unintentional injuries, chronic lower respiratory disease, and stroke) by rural versus urban county of residence in the United States and race/ethnicity for the period 2013 to 2017. Results. Rural populations, acr

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Wendelboe, Aaron M., and Michael G. Landen. "Increased Fall-Related Mortality Rates in New Mexico, 1999–2005." Public Health Reports 126, no. 6 (2011): 861–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003335491112600612.

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Objective. In 2000, fall injuries affected 30% of U.S. residents aged ≥65 years and cost $19 billion. In 2005, New Mexico (NM) had the highest fall-related mortality rate in the United States. We described factors associated with these elevated fall-related mortality rates. Methods. To better understand the epidemiology of fatal falls in NM, we used state and national (Web-based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting System) vital records data for 1999–2005 to identify unintentional falls that were the underlying cause of death. We calculated age-adjusted mortality rates, rate ratios (RRs), and

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Marquez-Velarde, Guadalupe. "The paradox does not fit all: Racial disparities in asthma among Mexican Americans in the U.S." PLOS ONE 15, no. 11 (2020): e0242855. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0242855.

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Mexican Americans have a lower prevalence of asthma than White Americans, Black Americans, and Other Hispanics. This is concordant with the Hispanic Paradox, which posits that Hispanics have good health and lower mortality than White Americans despite their relative socioeconomic disadvantages. However, the research is limited in relation to the effects of race on health, independent of ethnicity, among this population. In this study, the author disaggregated Mexican Americans, foreign-born and U.S.-born into two categories, White and Black Mexicans, in order to assess their likelihood of havi

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Tilstra, Andrea M., Daniel H. Simon, and Ryan K. Masters. "Trends in “Deaths of Despair” Among Working-Aged White and Black Americans, 1990–2017." American Journal of Epidemiology 190, no. 9 (2021): 1751–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwab088.

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Abstract Life expectancy for US White men and women declined between 2013 and 2017. Initial explanations for the decline focused on increases in “deaths of despair” (i.e., deaths from suicide, drug use, and alcohol use), which have been interpreted as a cohort-based phenomenon afflicting middle-aged White Americans. There has been less attention on Black mortality trends from these same causes, and whether the trends are similar or different by cohort and period. We complement existing research and contend that recent mortality trends in both the US Black and White populations most likely refl

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Kehl, Katharina G., Hannes M. Findeisen, David W. Fardo, Dennis Bruemmer, David M. Mannino, and Wayne T. Sanderson. "Race–ethnicity as an effect modifier of the association between HbAlc and mortality in U.S. adults without diagnosed diabetes." European Journal of Endocrinology 165, no. 2 (2011): 275–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje-11-0171.

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ObjectiveHbAlc is increasingly appreciated as a risk factor for all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in the non-diabetic population. In this study, we investigated the association between HbAlc and mortality with a particular focus on the impact of race–ethnicity.DesignCohort study.MethodsWe analyzed the association between HbAlc and all-cause and CVD mortality in 12 698 non-diabetic adults 20 years or older from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey using separate models for people of different race–ethnicity.ResultsIn our stratified analyses, higher non-d

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Boyer, William, James Churilla, Amy Miller, Trevor Gillum, and Marshare Penny. "The Independent and Combined Effects of Aerobic Physical Activity and Muscular Strengthening Activity on All-Cause Mortality: An Analysis of Effect Modification by Race-Ethnicity." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 17, no. 9 (2020): 881–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2019-0581.

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Background: The effects of aerobic physical activity (PA) and muscular strengthening activity (MSA) on all-cause mortality risk need further exploration among ethnically diverse populations. Purpose: To examine potential effect modification of race-ethnicity on meeting the PA guidelines and on all-cause mortality. Methods: The study sample (N = 14,384) included adults (20–79 y of age) from the 1999–2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. PA was categorized into 6 categories based on the 2018 PA guidelines: category 1 (inactive), category 2 (insufficient PA and no MSA), category

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Coyne, Christopher John, Rebecca Arielle Shatsky, Jesse Brennan, and Elena Martinez. "Healthcare disparities among cancer patients in the emergency department: How do race and ethnicity affect bounce-back rates?" Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 15_suppl (2019): e18150-e18150. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.e18150.

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e18150 Background: Previous studies have demonstrated that patients with cancer utilize the emergency department (ED) more frequently than the general population. Additionally, cancer patients are more likely to require a repeat ED visit within 7 days of a preceding ED discharge (bounce back). This may be a marker of inadequate care or missed diagnosis. We designed this study to evaluate whether there are differences in bounce-back rates among cancer patients of different races/ethnicities. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study to compare all cancer-related ED visits in California

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Xu, Jay J., Jarvis T. Chen, Thomas R. Belin, Ronald S. Brookmeyer, Marc A. Suchard, and Christina M. Ramirez. "Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Years of Potential Life Lost Attributable to COVID-19 in the United States: An Analysis of 45 States and the District of Columbia." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 6 (2021): 2921. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18062921.

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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic in the United States has disproportionately impacted communities of color across the country. Focusing on COVID-19-attributable mortality, we expand upon a national comparative analysis of years of potential life lost (YPLL) attributable to COVID-19 by race/ethnicity (Bassett et al., 2020), estimating percentages of total YPLL for non-Hispanic Whites, non-Hispanic Blacks, Hispanics, non-Hispanic Asians, and non-Hispanic American Indian or Alaska Natives, contrasting them with their respective percent population shares, as well as age-adjusted YP

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Taitt, Harold Evelyn. "Global Trends and Prostate Cancer: A Review of Incidence, Detection, and Mortality as Influenced by Race, Ethnicity, and Geographic Location." American Journal of Men's Health 12, no. 6 (2018): 1807–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1557988318798279.

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Although research has reported that prostate cancer (PCa) incidence and mortality rates are among the highest for African Americans, the data is inconclusive regarding PCa rates in native African men, Black men residing in other countries, and men in Asia, Europe, and the Americas. Data reveals that prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing and disease incidence have risen significantly in developing and Asian countries, and PCa has become one of the leading male cancers in many of those nations. The objective of this study was to review published peer-reviewed studies that address PCa in differ

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Patel, Manali I., Ange Wang, Kristopher Kapphahn, et al. "Racial and Ethnic Variations in Lung Cancer Incidence and Mortality: Results From the Women’s Health Initiative." Journal of Clinical Oncology 34, no. 4 (2016): 360–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2015.63.5789.

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Purpose This study aimed to evaluate racial/ethnic differences in lung cancer incidence and mortality in the Women’s Health Initiative Study, a longitudinal prospective cohort evaluation of postmenopausal women recruited from 40 clinical centers. Methods Lung cancer diagnoses were centrally adjudicated by pathology review. Baseline survey questionnaires collected sociodemographic and health information. Logistic regression models estimated incidence and mortality odds by race/ethnicity adjusted for age, education, calcium/vitamin D, body mass index, smoking (status, age at start, duration, and

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Holmes, Laurens, Jobayer Hossain, Doriel Ward, and Franklin Opara. "Racial/Ethnic Variability in Diabetes Mellitus among United States Residents Is Unexplained by Lifestyle, Sociodemographics and Prognostic Factors." ISRN Public Health 2012 (June 3, 2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/408079.

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Background. The mortality and prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) vary across racial/ethnic groups with African Americans/blacks being disproportionately affected. However, it is unclear to what extent such disparities persist after the adjustment for covariates related to race/ethnicity and/or DM in the population. We aimed to assess racial/ethnic disparities in DM and to determine which covariates account for the observed racial/ethnic variabilities. Materials and Methods. We utilized a large cross-sectional survey of the US noninstitutionalized residents (n=30,852) to investigate the racia

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Kung, A., K. G. Hastings, K. I. Kapphahn, et al. "Cross-national comparisons of increasing suicidal mortality rates for Koreans in the Republic of Korea and Korean Americans in the USA, 2003–2012." Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences 27, no. 1 (2016): 62–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2045796016000792.

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Aims.Korea has the highest suicide rate of developed countries, two times higher than the USA. Suicide trends among Koreans Americans living in the USA during the same period have not yet been described. We report suicide mortality rates and trends for four groups: (1) Korean Americans, (2) non-Hispanic White (NHW) Americans, (3) selected Asian American subgroups and (4) Koreans living in the Republic of Korea.Methods.We used US national (n = 18 113 585) and World Health Organization (WHO) (n = 232 919 253) mortality records for Korea from 2003 to 2012 to calculate suicide rates, all expressed

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Villalona, Seiichi, Antoinette Stroup, Satsuki Villalona, and Jeanne Ferrante. "Racial/ethnic disparities in oropharyngeal cancer outcomes among males in the United States (2005-2016): A population-based retrospective cohort study." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (2021): e18576-e18576. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e18576.

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e18576 Background: The incidence of male oropharyngeal cancers (OPCa) has increased rapidly during the past two decades in the United States. Little is known regarding differences in OPCa incidence and outcomes by race/ethnicity and human papillomavirus (HPV) status. Methods: Population-based retrospective cohort study of 175,843 males diagnosed in U.S. with OPCa from 2005-2016 in the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries. Outcomes included: incidence trends of OPCa by race/ethnicity [Non-Hispanic White (NHW), Non-Hispanic Black (NHB), Hispanic, Other] and histology-based HPV

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Truman, Benedict I., Ramal Moonesinghe, Yolanda T. Brown, Man-Huei Chang, Jonathan H. Mermin, and Hazel D. Dean. "Differential Association of HIV Funding With HIV Mortality by Race/Ethnicity, United States, 1999-2017." Public Health Reports 135, no. 1_suppl (2020): 149S—157S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0033354920912716.

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Objective Federal funds have been spent to reduce the disproportionate effects of HIV/AIDS on racial/ethnic minority groups in the United States. We investigated the association between federal domestic HIV funding and age-adjusted HIV death rates by race/ethnicity in the United States during 1999-2017. Methods We analyzed HIV funding data from the Kaiser Family Foundation by federal fiscal year (FFY) and US age-adjusted death rates (AADRs) by race/ethnicity (Hispanic, non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, and Asian/Pacific Islander and American Indian/Alaska Native [API+AI/AN]) from Centers

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Qureshi, Adnan I., William I. Baskett, Wei Huang, et al. "Effect of Race and Ethnicity on In-Hospital Mortality in Patients with COVID-2019." Ethnicity & Disease 31, no. 3 (2021): 389–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.18865/ed.31.3.389.

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Objective: To identify differences in short-term outcomes of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) according to various racial/ethnic groups.Design: Analysis of Cerner de-identified COVID-19 dataset.Setting: A total of 62 health care facilities.Participants: The cohort included 49,277 adult COVID-19 patients who were hospitalized from December 1, 2019 to November 13, 2020.Methods: We compared patients’ age, gender, individual components of Charlson and Elixhauser comorbidities, medical complications, use of do-not-resuscitate, use of palliative care, and socioeconomic status betwe

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Parise, Carol, and Vincent Caggiano. "Racial disparities in breast cancer mortality among the regions of California." Journal of Clinical Oncology 33, no. 28_suppl (2015): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2015.33.28_suppl.106.

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106 Background: Racial/ethnic disparities in breast cancer mortality have been described. Geographic variation in breast cancer mortality has also been observed. The purpose of this study is to determine if there are racial disparities in breast cancer survival among eight regions in California, the most populous state in the U.S. Methods: Of 245,701 cases of first primary female invasive breast cancer from the California Cancer Registry (CCR) diagnosed in 2000-2011, we identified 143,184 with complete data. The regions of California were classified as North, Sacramento, San Francisco and Bay

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Anderson, Jennifer L., Holly M. Frost, Jennifer P. King, and Jennifer K. Meece. "259. Racial Differences in Clinical Phenotype and Hospitalization of Blastomycosis Patients." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 6, Supplement_2 (2019): S144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz360.334.

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Abstract Background Dimorphic fungal infections, such as blastomycosis, cause significant morbidity and mortality. Most studies describing blastomycosis have focused on non-Hispanic Caucasians and our understanding of the clinical presentation and outcomes for patients of other race/ethnicities is limited. We evaluated whether clinical presentation and disease severity varied across racial/ethnic groups. Methods Blastomycosis patients were identified from Marshfield Clinic Health System and patient data were abstracted from electronic medical records. Blastomyces genotyping was performed for c

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Kruse-Jarres, Rebecca, Nick M. Pajewski, and Cindy A. Leissinger. "The Role of Race and Ethnicity in the Clinical Outcomes of Severe Hemophilia A Patients with Inhibitors." Blood 110, no. 11 (2007): 1163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.1163.1163.

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Abstract Background: Repeatedly, it has been observed that inhibitors to factor VIII are more frequent in African American (AA) and Hispanic (H) patients with severe congenital hemophilia A than in Caucasian (C) patients. Large retrospective reviews have shown that the mortality rates between African American and Caucasian patients with hemophilia have been similar, although non-whites had significantly more bleeding complications, need for hospitalizations and joint limitations. One possible explanation suggested that whites were more likely to receive aggressive treatment strategies such as

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Eskandari, Abrisham, Agnieszka Brojakowska, Malik Bisserier, et al. "Retrospective analysis of demographic factors in COVID-19 patients entering the Mount Sinai Health System." PLOS ONE 16, no. 7 (2021): e0254707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254707.

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With the continued rise of the global incidence of COVID-19 infection and emergent second wave, the need to understand characteristics that impact susceptibility to infection, clinical severity, and outcomes remains vital. The objective of this study was to assess modifying effects of demographic factors on COVID-19 testing status and outcomes in a large, diverse single health system cohort. The Mount Sinai Health System de-identified COVID-19 database contained records of 39,539 patients entering the health system from 02/28/2020 to 06/08/2020 with 7,032 laboratory-confirmed cases. The preval

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Parikh, Ravi Bharat, Sumedha Chhatre, S. Bruce Malkowicz, Bingnan Li, and Ravishankar Jayadevappa. "Racial disparities in survivorship care adherence among Medicare beneficiaries with prostate cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 7_suppl (2019): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.7_suppl.72.

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72 Background: African-American men with prostate cancer have higher cancer-related and all-cause mortality than their Caucasian counterparts. Differences in adherence to guideline-based survivorship care may contribute to these disparities. Methods: Using the SEER-Medicare database, we conducted a retrospective cohort study of men ≥66 years old treated for localized prostate cancer between 2008 and 2011 who had at least two visits with a specialist or primary care physician after diagnosis. Patients were followed until 2013. We calculated rates of bone mineral density screening (among men tre

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Dookeran, Keith A., Firas M. Dabbous, and Benjamin J. Booth. "Race-based mortality as determined by intrinsic breast tumor subtype and p53 status." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 15_suppl (2013): e12519-e12519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.e12519.

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e12519 Background: Race-based mortality differences have been reported for intrinsic breast tumor subtypes. p53 status has recently emerged as a marker of worse prognosis among African-American (AA) women with breast cancer; however, the impact of p53 status on mortality by specific subtype is not clear. Methods: Multivariable (age, stage and race adjusted) stratified (subtype and p53) analyses with proportional hazards regression models [hazard ratios (HR), 95% confidence intervals (CIs)] for all-cause mortality, in a cohort of 331 AA and 203 non-AA women (115 Hispanic, 88 non-Hispanic white)

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Shah, Silvi, Anthony C. Leonard, Karthikeyan Meganathan, Annette L. Christianson, and Charuhas V. Thakar. "Temporal Trends in Incident Mortality in Dialysis Patients: Focus on Sex and Racial Disparities." American Journal of Nephrology 49, no. 3 (2019): 241–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000497446.

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Background: Racial minorities and women constitute substantial portions of the incident and prevalent end-stage renal disease (ESRD) population in the United States. Although ESRD is characterized by high mortality, temporal trends, and race and sex differences in mortality have not been studied. Methods: We evaluated 944,650 adult patients who initiated dialysis between January 1, 2005 and December 31, 2014, using the United States Renal Data System, for sex-related and race-related trends in mortality. Logistic regression models adjusted for pre-dialysis health status were used to examine as

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Cruz-Flores, Salvador, Gustavo J. Rodriguez, Mohammad Rauf A. Chaudhry, et al. "Racial/ethnic disparities in hospital utilization in intracerebral hemorrhage." International Journal of Stroke 14, no. 7 (2019): 686–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747493019835335.

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Background and purpose There is evidence that racial and ethnic differences among intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) patients exist. We sought to establish the occurrence of disparities in hospital utilization in the United States. Methods We identified ICH patients from United States Nationwide Inpatient Sample database for years 2006–2014 using codes (DX1 = 431, 432.0) from the International Classification of Diseases, 9th edition. We compared five race/ethnic categories: White, Black, Hispanic, Asian or Pacific Islander, and Others ( Native American and other) with regard to demographics, comor

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Weaver, Robert R., and Robert Rivello. "The Distribution of Mortality in the United States: The Effects of Income (Inequality), Social Capital, and Race." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 54, no. 1 (2007): 19–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/c772-u444-8j65-2503.

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This article examines how absolute and relative income levels, social capital, and racial/ethnic composition interact to explain variation in age-adjusted mortality rates across the 48 contiguous U.S. states. Our data showed that social capital had a powerful, negative effect on age-adjusted mortality rates —higher social capital states had lower age-adjusted mortality rates. After controlling for other variables, median income moderately related to mortality, but unexpectedly three measures of inequality did not. Finally, states' percent African American positively related to mortality, thoug

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Shah, Silvi, Anthony C. Leonard, Kathleen Harrison, Karthikeyan Meganathan, Annette L. Christianson, and Charuhas V. Thakar. "Mortality and Recovery Associated with Kidney Failure due to Acute Kidney Injury." Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 15, no. 7 (2020): 995–1006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2215/cjn.11200919.

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Background and objectivesAKI requiring dialysis is a contributor to the growing burden of kidney failure, yet little is known about the frequency and patterns of recovery of AKI and its effect on outcomes in patients on incident dialysis.Design, setting, participants, & measurementsUsing the US Renal Data System, we evaluated a cohort of 1,045,540 patients on incident dialysis from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2014, retrospectively. We examined the association of kidney failure due to AKI with the outcome of all-cause mortality and the associations of sex and race with kidney recovery.R

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Tee Lu, Hou, Rusli Bin Nordin, and Aizai Azan Bin Abdul Rahim. "Influence of Race in the Association of Diabetes and Heart Failure." US Cardiology Review 12, no. 1 (2018): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.15420/usc.2017:24:2.

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Heart failure is a global public health problem with high mortality and readmission rates. Race and ethnicity are useful concepts when attempting to understand differential health risks and health disparities. With cardiovascular diseases accounting for most deaths globally, eliminating racial disparities in cardiac care has become a new challenge in cardiology. Significant racial differences exist in patients with heart failure. African American patients in the US have a significantly higher incidence of heart failure, lower ejection fraction and are younger at presentation compared to White,

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Caggiano, Vincent, and Carol Parise. "Who gets treated at commission on cancer-approved programs and does it make a difference in survival?" Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 26_suppl (2013): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.26_suppl.114.

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114 Background: Commission on Cancer (CoC) approval has promoted improvements in cancer care in the United States. The purpose of this study is to determine if there are differences in who is treated at CoC approved versus non-approved sites and if CoC approval is associated with survival. Methods: We examined 130,655 cases of stages I-IV first primary female invasive breast cancer from the California Cancer Registry diagnosed between 2000-2010. Odds ratios (95% CI) adjusted for stage, age, grade, year of diagnosis, and ER/PR/HER2 were computed to determine if there were differences by race: w

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Yashkin, Arseniy, Igor Akushevich, and Anatoliy Yashin. "Determinants of Adherence to ADA Type II Diabetes Mellitus Guidelines: Implications for Longevity." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (2020): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.725.

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Abstract The aim of this study was to identify the differences in terms of demographics, socioeconomic status and overall levels of morbidity-related health burden between population strata characterized by high levels of adherence to American Diabetes Association screening guidelines and their low-adherence counterparts. Factor analysis was used to create a single continuous measure of adherence which was stratified and analyzed using the Cox proportional hazards model to identify adherence levels associated with protective effects for mortality. Based on the results, the entire population of

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Mariam Roy, Arya, Manojna Konda, Akshay Goel, and Rashmi Verma. "Epidemiology and regional variation in the mortality of patients admitted with prostate cancer in the United States." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 6_suppl (2020): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.6_suppl.69.

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69 Background: Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in men and one of the leading causes of death among men of all races worldwide. Prostate cancer prevalence and mortality vary substantially by race, ethnicity and geography. The reason behind the disparity is unclear, however, access to screening and treatment, variation in exposure to risk factors, genetic susceptibility, lifestyle practices are the suggested factors that affect the disparity. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of the National Inpatient Sample Database for the year 2016. Patients who were admitted wi

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Tomedi, Laura E., Jim Roeber, and Michael Landen. "Alcohol Consumption and Chronic Liver Disease Mortality in New Mexico and the United States, 1999-2013." Public Health Reports 133, no. 3 (2018): 287–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0033354918766890.

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Objective: Current chronic liver disease (CLD) mortality surveillance methods may not adequately capture data on all causes of CLD mortality. The objective of this study was to calculate and compare CLD death rates in New Mexico and the United States by using both an expanded definition of CLD and estimates of the fractional impact of alcohol on CLD deaths. Methods: We defined CLD mortality as deaths due to alcoholic liver disease, cirrhosis, viral hepatitis, and other liver conditions. We estimated alcohol-attributable CLD deaths by using national and state alcohol-attributable fractions from

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Antonio-Villa, Neftali Eduardo, Luisa Fernández-Chirino, Arsenio Vargas-Vazquez, Jessica Paola Bahena-López, and Omar Yaxmehen Bello-Chavolla. "Trends in Diabetes Subgroups and Their Risk for All-Cause, Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes-Specific Mortality in the US: A Data-Driven Reproducible Machine Learning Approach." Journal of the Endocrine Society 5, Supplement_1 (2021): A423. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvab048.863.

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Abstract Background: Diabetes has been described as a heterogeneous entity which can be studied through data-driven subgroups (obesity related [MOD], severe-insulin deficient [SIID], severe-insulin resistant [SIRD] and age-related diabetes [MARD]). However, trends in prevalence and mortality risk are still unclear. Aims: To analyze diabetes subgroup trends and to evaluate mortality risk in the US. Methods: Data and follow-up causes of mortality (all-cause, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes specific) was collected from NHANES cycles 1999–2018. Subgroup diabetes classification was performed u

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Hatcher, Sarah M., Sujata Joshi, Byron F. Robinson, and Thomas Weiser. "Hepatitis C–Related Mortality Among American Indian/Alaska Native Persons in the Northwestern United States, 2006-2012." Public Health Reports 135, no. 1 (2019): 66–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0033354919887748.

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Objective: American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) persons are commonly misclassified in epidemiologic and administrative data sets. The race-corrected hepatitis C virus (HCV)–related mortality rate among AI/AN persons in the Northwest United States (Idaho, Oregon, and Washington State) is unknown. We quantified the disparity in HCV-related mortality between AI/AN persons and non-Hispanic white (NHW) persons in the Northwest during 2006-2012 after correcting misclassified AI/AN race. Methods: After conducting probabilistic record linkage between death records and the Northwest Tribal Registr

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Yan, Guofen, Jenny I. Shen, Rubette Harford, et al. "Racial and Ethnic Variations in Mortality Rates for Patients Undergoing Maintenance Dialysis Treated in US Territories Compared with the US 50 States." Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 15, no. 1 (2019): 101–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2215/cjn.03920319.

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Background and objectivesIn the United States mortality rates for patients treated with dialysis differ by racial and/or ethnic (racial/ethnic) group. Mortality outcomes for patients undergoing maintenance dialysis in the United States territories may differ from patients in the United States 50 states.Design, setting, participants, & measurementsThis retrospective cohort study of using US Renal Data System data included 1,547,438 adults with no prior transplantation and first dialysis treatment between April 1, 1995 and September 28, 2012. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to c

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Amezcua, Lilyana, and Jacob L. McCauley. "Race and ethnicity on MS presentation and disease course." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 26, no. 5 (2020): 561–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1352458519887328.

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) has a strong racial and ethnic component and disproportionately affects whites of European background. Recent incidence reports suggest an increasing rate of MS among African Americans compared with whites. Despite this recent increase in MS in African Americans, Hispanics and Asians are significantly less likely to develop MS than whites of European ancestry. MS-specific mortality trends demonstrate distinctive disparities by race/ethnicity and age, suggesting that there is an unequal burden of disease. Inequalities in health along with differences in clinical characte

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Parikh, Ravi Bharat, Kyle William Robinson, Sumedha Chhatre, Elina Medvedeva, S. Bruce Malkowicz, and Ravishankar Jayadevappa. "Racial disparities in definitive treatment and long-term mortality among US veterans with high-risk localized prostate cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 15_suppl (2020): e19037-e19037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.e19037.

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e19037 Background: Equal access to care may mediate racial disparities among men with localized prostate cancer. We examined the association between African-American race and long-term mortality among men with high-risk prostate cancer in a large equal-access health system. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we used the VA Corporate Data Warehouse to identify African-American (AA) and non-Hispanic White Veterans diagnosed with high-risk (prostate-specific antigen [PSA] ≥ 20 ng/mL, Gleason 8-10, or stage ≥ cT2c) localized prostate cancer between January 1st, 2001 and December 31st, 20

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Xian, Zhaoying, Anshul Saxena, Zulqarnain Javed, et al. "COVID-19-related state-wise racial and ethnic disparities across the USA: an observational study based on publicly available data from The COVID Tracking Project." BMJ Open 11, no. 6 (2021): e048006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-048006.

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ObjectiveTo evaluate COVID-19 infection and mortality disparities in ethnic and racial subgroups in a state-wise manner across the USA.MethodsPublicly available data from The COVID Tracking Project at The Atlantic were accessed between 9 September 2020 and 14 September 2020. For each state and the District of Columbia, % infection, % death, and % population proportion for subgroups of race (African American/black (AA/black), Asian, American Indian or Alaska Native (AI/AN), and white) and ethnicity (Hispanic/Latino, non-Hispanic) were recorded. Crude and normalised disparity estimates were gene

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Wong, Michelle S., Taona P. Haderlein, Anita H. Yuan, Ernest Moy, Kenneth T. Jones, and Donna L. Washington. "Time Trends in Racial/Ethnic Differences in COVID-19 Infection and Mortality." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 9 (2021): 4848. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094848.

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Studies documenting coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) racial/ethnic disparities in the United States were limited to data from the initial few months of the pandemic, did not account for changes over time, and focused primarily on Black and Hispanic minority groups. To fill these gaps, we examined time trends in racial/ethnic disparities in COVID-19 infection and mortality. We used the Veteran Health Administration’s (VHA) national database of veteran COVID-19 infections over three time periods: 3/1/2020–5/31/2020 (spring); 6/1/2020–8/31/2020 (summer); and 9/1/2020–11/25/2020 (fall). We calc

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Carbonell, Alfredo M., Amy E. Lincourt, Brent D. Matthews, Kent W. Kercher, Ronald F. Sing, and B. Todd Heniford. "National Study of the Effect of Patient and Hospital Characteristics on Bariatric Surgery Outcomes." American Surgeon 71, no. 4 (2005): 308–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313480507100407.

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The influence of patient and hospital demographics on gastric bypass (GB) outcomes is unknown. We analyzed year 2000 data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database for all GB patients. In 2000, 5876 GB were performed in the 137 sample hospitals (M:F, 14%:86%). Length of stay (LOS, days), charges, comorbidities, and morbidity were higher for those aged >60 years compared to <40 years. LOS, charges, comorbidities, morbidity, and mortality were highest in males. LOS was longest in African Americans compared to Caucasians and Hispanics. Charges and comorbidities were greatest in African

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Jones, Jeb, Patrick S. Sullivan, Travis H. Sanchez, et al. "Similarities and Differences in COVID-19 Awareness, Concern, and Symptoms by Race and Ethnicity in the United States: Cross-Sectional Survey." Journal of Medical Internet Research 22, no. 7 (2020): e20001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/20001.

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Background Existing health disparities based on race and ethnicity in the United States are contributing to disparities in morbidity and mortality during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. We conducted an online survey of American adults to assess similarities and differences by race and ethnicity with respect to COVID-19 symptoms, estimates of the extent of the pandemic, knowledge of control measures, and stigma. Objective The aim of this study was to describe similarities and differences in COVID-19 symptoms, knowledge, and beliefs by race and ethnicity among adults in the United S

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Lee, Anna, Kanan Shah, Junzo P. Chino, and Fumiko Chino. "Changes in cancer mortality rates after the adoption of the Affordable Care Act." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 15_suppl (2020): 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.2003.

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2003 Background: The Affordable Care Act (ACA) was designed to improve health status in the US primarily through improving access to health insurance. As adoption of Medicaid expansion varied at the state level, this study aims to compare cancer mortality rates over time between states who did (EXP) and did not adopt (NonEXP) Medicaid expansion. Methods: Age-adjusted mortality rates per 100,000 were gathered from the National Center for Health Statistics from 1999-2017 to establish trends. Only deaths due to cancer in patients less than 65 were included. Absolute change in cancer mortality was

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