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1
Shin, Hyun-Young, Jin Kim, Seokmin Lee, Min Sim Park, Sanghee Park, and Sun Huh. "Cause-of-death statistics in 2018 in the Republic of Korea." Journal of the Korean Medical Association 63, no. 5 (May 10, 2020): 286–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2020.63.5.286.
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This study aimed to present and analyze the causes of death in the Korean population in 2018 through an analysis of cause-of-death data from Statistics Korea, which are classified based on the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th revision and the Korean Standard Classification of Diseases and Causes of Death. The total number of deaths was 298,820, reflecting an increase of 13,286 (4.7%) from 2017. The crude death rate was 582.5 per 100,000 population, which was an increase of 25.1 (4.5%) from 2017. The 10 leading causes of death, in order, were malignant neoplasms, heart diseases, pneumonia, cerebrovascular diseases, intentional self-harm, diabetes mellitus, liver diseases, chronic lower respiratory diseases, Alzheimer disease, and hypertensive diseases. Within the category of malignant neoplasms, the top five leading organs of involvement were the lung, liver, colon, stomach, and pancreas. Colon cancer was ranked as the third leading cause of death among malignant neoplasms. The most notable characteristics of the 2018 cause-of-death statistics were the ranking of pneumonia as the third leading cause of death, the inclusion of Alzheimer disease in the top 10 causes of death, and the exclusion of transport accidents from the 10 leading causes of death, which is a result that has not been seen since comparable statistics were first published in 1983. These changes reflect the increase of people over 65 years of age, who are vulnerable to infectious diseases.
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Sarmento, Dmitry José de Santana, Maria de Lourdes Silva de Arruda Morais, Antonio de Lisboa Lopes Costa, and Éricka Janine Dantas da Silveira. "Minor intraoral salivary gland tumors: a clinical-pathological study." Einstein (São Paulo) 14, no. 4 (December 2016): 508–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-45082016ao3749.
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ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the clinical-pathological profile of patients with minor salivary gland neoplasms. Methods A retrospective study of specific cases diagnosed as benign and malignant tumors of the minor salivary glands was performed. The data were collected from medical records of patients seen at a hospital over a period of 15 years. The sample was made up of 37 cases. For the pathological study, slides containing 5μm thick sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin were used. The data were tabulated using descriptive statistics. Results Malignant neoplasms represented 70.3% of cases. The mucoepidermoid carcinoma was the most common neoplasm (45.9%), followed by pleomorphic adenoma (24.4%). Most patients were female (70.3%), aged between 71 and 80 years. The palate (67.6%) and the retromolar region (10.8%) were the most affected sites. Conclusion Mucoepidermoid carcinoma was the most common tumor in minor salivary glands. These tumors are more common in females aged over 40 years. The palate was the most common affected site.
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Suliman, Emine, Petru Armean, Emel Suliman, and Radu Palade. "The role of medical statistics in the study of clinical epidemiology and therapy of gastric cancer." Romanian Medical Journal 62, no. 2 (June 30, 2015): 151–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rmj.2015.2.12.
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Gastric cancer is among digestive tract cancers, the second as incidence, following as frequency after colorectal neoplasms. On a lot of 811 gastric cancer patients, hospitalized in SUUB in a period of five years (2010-2014), statistical analysis of casuistry highlights important elements regarding clinical epidemiology and therapeutics of this disease.
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Mykhailenko, N. I., and D. V. Voitsekhovych. "Морфологічні особливості новоутворень ока у собак." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 19, no. 82 (November 8, 2017): 41–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/nvlvet8209.
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Tumors of the eyes in pets are relatively rare. Tumors can adversely affect the functions of the eye, lead to damage to its structures, discoloration, discomfort or changes in the shape of the eyeball. The study of the morphological features of neoplasms of the eye has not only scientific or general biological interest, but also has a purely practical significance.The purpose of our work was to study the frequency of diagnosis, morphological, clinical and macroscopic features of various histological types of eye neoplasms. It was analyzed 178 cases of tumors of different localization in dogs that were admitted to the Department of Pathological Anatomy of the NUP of Ukraine for histological examination from various clinics of veterinary medicine in Kyiv. Neoplasms of the eye were about 3%. The ratio between malignant and benign neoplasms was 1:1. The average age of the sick dogs was 7 years. Most often the eyelids and other parts of the eye's auxiliary apparatus were affected. In only one case, an intraocular tumor was noted. Such statistics are not accurate, as most owners refuse surgical removal of the eyeball. The prevailing clinical form of neoplasm was nodular. Macroscopically, most tumors had a regular oval shape. In one case, an ulcer was found on the surface of the tumor. The melanoma of the uveal tract, the squamous cell carcinoma of the eyelid, the eccrine acrospiroma of the sweat glands of the eyelids, the adenocarcinoma of the sebaceous glands of the eyelids, the hemangioma of the orbit and neurofibroma were diagnosed. Histologically, the neoplasms of the eye did not differ from other similar localizations.The obtained data will supplement the knowledge of researchers of other countries about the histological structure of tumors that are recorded in the eye area, as well as the role of the geographical factor, environmental conditions in the development of oncological pathology.
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Natalia Staver. "Characteristics of abdomen and pelvis CT scan's evaluation of patients with malignancies." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 13, no. 1 (October 30, 2020): 031–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2020.13.1.0258.
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According to the American Cancer Center, cancer causes about 1 in 6 deaths worldwide, more than AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria taken together, it is the second leading cause of death, after cardiovascular disease. Imaging examinations to examine the abdomen and pelvis are the methods of choice in detecting neoplastic formations with the provision of information that is essential for the subsequent management of these patients. From the PubMed databases and the Google Scholar search engine, the articles published during 2010-2020 were selected, according to the keywords: oncology statistics, oncology imaging, computed tomography, abdominal neoplasms, pelvic neoplasms, oncology staging, post-processing programs in computed tomography, follow-up of cancer patients, diagnostic algorithms. Information on international scientific studies on oncological pathology statistics has been selected and processed globally, according to data from the American Cancer Center and the International Agency for Research on Cancer, innovative methods for assessing the staging of patients with abdominal and pelvic neoplasms, and modern post processing in the case of examination by computed tomography of abdominal and pelvic neoplasms patients. After processing the information in the Google Scholar and PubMed database, according to the search criteria, 346 articles on the proposed topic were found. The final bibliography contains 176 relevant sources, of which 77 were considered representative for the elaboration of this synthesis article. We must aim to justify, optimize and customize each imaging procedure for patients with neoplasms, as they are frequently exposed to imaging examinations.
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Sheppard, Richard Stephen, Adewumi Adekunle, Stefani Beale, Janet Joseph, Gerald Fletcher, and Meena Ahluwalia. "Pancreatic cancer: Do disparities in mortality rates exist with respect to socioeconomic status?" Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2020): e19007-e19007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.e19007.
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e19007 Background: Pancreatic cancer continues to have one of the highest mortality rates among major cancer diagnoses with rates greater than 90 percent for all stages and with five year survival rates below 10 percent. With access to treatment modalities such as chemo-radiation, staged surgical interventions and targeted therapies, survival times have increased but due to the costs of these procedures, they may not be accessible to all members of society. Recent studies have shown that lower socioeconomic status is associated with higher mortality rates and lower survival times. With this study we aim to investigate if disparities exist among socioeconomic classes, based on zip code location, in a major multi-ethnic metropolitan city using census data. Methods: Malignant neoplasm mortality data at the ZIP code level was gathered from the New York City Department of Health Vital Statistics Mortality Data from years 2009-2011. NYC population data was gathered from the U.S. Census Bureau 2010 decennial census. We used ordinary least squares regression to assess the independent association between neighborhood median income and neighborhood mortality from malignant neoplasms arising from the pancreas. Results: In 2009-2011, 2,527 deaths from malignant neoplasms arising from the pancreas were recorded across NYC. There is no statistically significant correlation between neighborhood median income and age-adjusted mortality from malignant neoplasms arising from the pancreas for males and for females. For males, there was an R-squared of 0.001721 ( P-value > 0.05). For females, there was an adjusted adjusted R-squared of 9.818e-05 ( P-value > 0.05). Conclusions: Neighborhood median income is not associated with an increase in mortality rate with respect to neoplasms arising from the pancreas.
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Gretsova, O. P., A. A. Kostin, Yu V. Samsonov, G. V. Petrova, M. Yu Prostov, and Yu I. Prostov. "MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY FROM MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS ASSOCIATED WITH HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS." Research'n Practical Medicine Journal 4, no. 3 (September 21, 2017): 33–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.17709/2409-2231-2017-4-3-4.
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In this review we continue the publication of data on the problem of malignant neoplasms (MN) associated with human papillomavirus (HPV), in Russia. In a previous publication (Research’n Practical Medicine Journal 2016; 3(1): 66–78. DOI: 10.17709/2409-2231-2016-3-1-9) we at the first time presented the data on the incidence of malignant tumors associated with HPV in the Russian Federation for the period from 2009 to 2014. This article presents updated data on the incidence of in 2015, as well as data on mortality from the MN associated with HPV in Russia with the analysis of trends in men and women in different age groups. The statistics used in the article is calculated according to the annual state reporting documentation of the statistical form of the Ministry of health No. 7 and No. 35, forms 5 and Rosstat data, the combined database of the state of the cancer register of the Russian Federation.
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Maier, R. A., A. F. Baibulatova, and B. A. Bakirov. "Rate and Structure of Mortality from Malignant Neopasms of Lymphatic and Haematopoietic Tissue in the Regions of the Republic of Bashkortostan (2006–2015)." Creative surgery and oncology 8, no. 2 (October 3, 2018): 52–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.24060/2076-3093-2018-8-2-52-57.
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Introduction. An urgent issue facing contemporary medicine is the problem of cancer. According to official Russian Federation statistical data, of the 2,132,050 deaths recorded in 2015, 286,900 of them resulted from cancer. In this connection, an analysis of mortality due to malignant neoplasms of lymphatic and hematopoietic tissues is a relevant activity.Materials and methods. We analysed data showing the dynamic rate and structure of mortality from malignant neoplasms of lymphatic and haematopoietic tissues in the Republic of Bashkortostan both of the population as a whole and persons of working age. Data covering the period 2006–2015 was derived from the Federal State Statistics Service for the Republic of Bashkortostan.Results and discussion. As a result of the research, an increase in the overall intensive mortality rates from malignant neoplasms of lymphatic and haematopoietic tissues was noted along with an absence of significant differences between the indicators in the Republic of Bashkortostan and those for the Russian Federation as a whole. Our work has shown that malignant neoplasms of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues are the leading medical and social problem of contemporary oncology.Conclusion. This work was carried out in order to identify the most common clinical cases of malignant tumours of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissue, as well as to predict the incidence and further planning of specialised haematological care to the population.
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Deb, P. Q., D. S. Heller, and J. Jiang. "Overall Survival Of Extraosseous Plasmacytoma: An Updated Analysis Of National Cancer Institute Database." American Journal of Clinical Pathology 154, Supplement_1 (October 2020): S157—S158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/aqaa161.344.
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Abstract Introduction/Objective Plasma cell neoplasms arising outside of bone are known as extraosseous/extramedullary plasmacytoma. Although they constitute about 1% of all plasma cell neoplasms, updated epidemiological data are lacking in the current literature. Here, we have analyzed the incidence provided by the national cancer institute (SEER database) from 1975 – 2016 to shed light on the incidence, demographics, and survival of extraosseous plasma cell neoplasms. Methods We selected all cases of plasma cell neoplasms from the data provided by the national cancer institute (SEER database) from 1975 – 2016. We excluded all cases designated with the primary site as bone or bone marrow. We analyzed the data using SPSS statistics 20. We compared overall survival among different demographic groups and performed the log-rank test to see differences in overall survival. Results A total of 731 cases were found with extraosseous plasmacytoma in the United States with a male: female ratio of 1.85:1. The age range was from 9 to 92 years with a median age of 61. Younger age of diagnosis was associated with better overall survival. Overall survival was not significantly different between males and females (p = 0.4). The majority of the patients were Caucasian and overall survival was significantly better in this group (p = 0.028). Consistent with the current literature, the primary sites of the majority of cases were head and neck (44.5%) and soft tissue (15.7%). Overall survival was significantly different between different primary sites (p < 0.05) with primary sites of soft tissue, thorax (including lung, mediastinum, and pleura), and CNS showing particularly poor survival. Conclusion Our results suggest that the prognosis of extraosseous plasma cell neoplasm is site-specific and a better understanding of tumor microenvironment in plasmacytoma arising in different primary sites is warranted.
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Lipinsky, S. "Sarcomatous tumor of the right ovary, removed by laparotomy in the gynecological department at the Mogilev obstetric institution." Journal of obstetrics and women's diseases 9, no. 7-8 (October 22, 2020): 631–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/jowd97-8631-639.
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Unfortunately, we do not yet have accurate statistics of malignant neoplasms of the ovaries. Virkhov, for example, of the opinion that they are quite rare. In Schroeder's 600 cases of neoplasms of the ovaries, there are only 10 cases of malignant, consequently somewhat more than 1%. Wert in relation to ovarian cysts determines the frequency of dense neoplasms in 5%. Spencer Wells initially rose 1.72%, followed by even less 1.2%. Leopold), from a more distant time, there are only 8 cases of malignant neoplasms of the ovaries: 4 cases of Spencer Wlls, of which two were fatal, two cases of Spiegelberg, both were fatal, one case of Buren and one recovered a rural doctor whose patient died of a collapse shortly after the operation. Even if we assume that cases of malignant neoplasms of the ovaries are quite rare, then all the same, judging by the latest reports, it cannot be argued that this rarity would be in such a scale as the authors just cited for a longer time estimate it.
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Gumerova, K. S., G. M. Sakhautdinova, and I. M. Polyakova. "Antitumour Drug Induced Cardiovascular Toxicity and Current Tumour Treatment Methods." Creative surgery and oncology 9, no. 4 (January 24, 2020): 285–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.24060/2076-3093-2019-9-4-285-292.
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Currently the oncological mortality takes the second place globally, the leading cause being cardiovascular diseases. The statistics of malignant neoplasms is rather negative all over the world. 10 million of cases of oncological disorders are diagnosed annually; this means that 27 million people fall sick with oncological diseases annually. It was established in 2019 that there are 14 million people suffering from oncological diseases, 8.2 million of these die. WHO anticipates that in 20 years’ time the malignant neoplasm incidence statistics will be on an increase as the number of new cases will reach 20 million, 12 million out of which will die. Regardless of such formidable figures medicine does not stand still; keeping up with the times, the science attempts to develop cutting edge methods of treating malignant tumours. As a result, the treatment of malignant neoplasms is continuing to improve. However, the number of side effects is also growing, thus requiring research attention. Therefore, the significance of the impact that oncological drugs have on a patient’s body is becoming more and more urgent for further discussion. While current tumour treatment methods involving drugs such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors, anthracycline chemotherapy and immunotherapy protocols are effective for the treatment of various forms of cancer, these drugs affect the DNA replication process thus resulting in endothelial dysfunction and nonspecific immune response. This causes cardiotoxic side effects. Cardiotoxicity, in its turn, is a notion that includes various adverse events involving the cardiovascular system of oncological patients receiving drug treatment. Cardiotoxicity may develop during treatment or following its completion.
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Askarov, P. A., A. O. Karelin, I. A. Lakman, L. F. Rozanova, and Zagira F. Askarova. "SEGMENTATION OF TERRITORIES OF THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN ON THE LEVEL OF MORTALITY FROM MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS." Health Care of the Russian Federation 63, no. 1 (May 24, 2019): 4–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0044-197x-2019-63-1-4-13.
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Malignant neoplasms are an actual problem due to their high prevalence, high level of disability, tendency to increase. The purpose of the study is the segmentation of the territories of the Republic of Bashkortostan (RB) by the level of mortality from malignant neoplasms (MN) as a whole by municipalities, as well as by gender and by localizations of malignant neoplasms. Material and methods. The data of official statistics of the Territorial body of the Federal State Statistics Service of the Republic of Belarus (Table C 51), Rosstat were analyzed. The study was conducted using k-means cluster analysis and rating, implemented in the Statistica system. Results. There is a significant increase in the death rate of the entire population of ZN in 41 municipalities. Analysis of standardized mortality rates shows that the mortality rate per 100 thousand of the population in the Republic of Belarus is lower than similar indicators in the Russian Federation. The exception is mortality in esophageal cancer, which is higher in both men and women than in the Russian Federation. It has been established that the regions of the fourth and fifth clusters are unfavorable in terms of mortality from MN. Discussion. Revealed a pronounced uneven distribution of the territory of the Republic of Belarus with a tendency to an increase in mortality from MN in many territories. It is possible that the main reasons for the increase in mortality rates are worsening socio-economic conditions, lower living standards, increased chemical stress in urbanized areas (air pollution), as well as insufficient promotion of healthy lifestyles among the population, preventive knowledge, and health problems. care, its poor quality. Conclusion. As a result of the analysis, it was possible to establish that cluster analysis allows us to identify areas that have similar problems related to the level and trends of mortality from malignant tumors.
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Sosnina, Svetlana, Irina Martinenko, and Mikhail Sokolnikov. "MALIGNANT TUMORS OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM IN THE CHILDREN OF THE NUCLEAR PRODUCTION WORKERS." Problems in oncology 64, no. 6 (June 1, 2018): 745–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.37469/0507-3758-2018-64-6-745-751.
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The incidence of malignant neoplasms of the brain and the spinal medulla in children of Mayak Production Association workers who exposed preconceptive gamma irradiation was analyzed in the paper. The retrospective analysis was carried out within the cohort of children under the age of 15 born in 1948-2013 which includes 72316 people born and have been living in Ozersk, located near the nuclear plant. Overall 13 cases of malignant neoplasms of the central nervous system were registered among descendants of persons exposed in the workplace. The average value of the total dose of preconceptive gamma irradiation among mothers reached 251.95 mGy, among fathers - 211.42 mGy. The most frequent localization of malignant process was cerebellum, the most frequent morphological type of tumor was astrocytoma. Comparative analysis of morbidity was carried out by the method of indirect standardization, herewith regional and national age-sex incidence rates were applied. There was no significant excess of the incidence of malignant neoplasms of the central nervous system among children of nuclear workers. Standardized incidence ratio in comparison with the national statistics for children under 15 generally amounted in 1.04 in boys (95% confidence interval 0.5-1.87), in girls - 0.58 (0.18-1.35); in comparison with the regional statistics: in boys - 1.16 (0.56-2.09), in girls - 0.36 (0.11-0.85).
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Heng, Sharon, Janet Hardy, and Phillip Good. "A retrospective audit on usage of Diatrizoate Meglumine (Gastrografin®) for intestinal obstruction or constipation in patients with advanced neoplasms." Palliative Medicine 32, no. 1 (August 14, 2017): 294–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269216317726430.
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Background: Intestinal obstruction and constipation are common conditions in patients with advanced neoplasms. Diatrizoate Meglumine has been used in the management of both these conditions without good quality evidence of its effectiveness and safety. Aim: This audit aimed to assess the usage, effectiveness and adverse effects of Diatrizoate Meglumine for intestinal obstruction and constipation in patients with advanced neoplasms. Design: A retrospective chart review was undertaken. Descriptive statistics were utilised. Setting/participants: All patients with known advanced neoplasms admitted to Mater Health Services and St Vincent’s Private Hospital Brisbane between January 2013 and October 2015; who were administered Diatrizoate Meglumine were included. Results: Seventy-one patients received Diatrizoate Meglumine. The most common diagnoses were ovarian or primary peritoneal neoplasms (33.8%). Diatrizoate Meglumine was most commonly used for intestinal obstruction (59.2%). The median dose used per patient episode was 50 mL (range: 15–500 mL). Thirty-two patients (45%) had imaging 4–24 h post-dose with Diatrizoate Meglumine being present in the large intestine in 75% of these images. Intestinal obstruction or constipation resolved in 90% of patients post-dose. Conclusion: Most clinicians used 50 mL of Diatrizoate Meglumine as a single dose and repeated imaging after 4–24 h. Diatrizoate Meglumine was well tolerated and may be effective in resolving intestinal obstruction and constipation in patients with advanced neoplasms. Quality controlled studies are needed to further guide the use of Diatrizoate Meglumine in intestinal obstruction and constipation in patients with advanced neoplasms.
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Fulawka, Kamil, Dominik Lenda, and Jakub Traczyk. "Associations between Case Fatality Rates and Self-Reported Fear of Neoplasms and Circulatory Diseases." Medical Decision Making 39, no. 7 (May 29, 2019): 727–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0272989x19844744.
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Background. According to decision by sampling theory, people store relative frequencies of events in memory, and these values constitute subjective representations of events. Because fear is a natural response to the threat of death, we hypothesized that case fatality rate (CFR) statistics, which represent how deadly a disease is, would be positively correlated with self-reported fear ratings of neoplasms and circulatory diseases. Methods. Participants ( N = 239) were asked to rate various neoplasms and circulatory diseases (110 diseases in total) on fear, typicality, and disgust scales (e.g., 1 = no fear, 10 = intense fear). They also estimated mortality and morbidity rates for the same set of diseases. Finally, they completed the Berlin Numeracy Test. CFRs were obtained from the World Health Organization (WHO) database. The association between relative CFR and fear ratings was tested using correlation analyses and a multilevel linear model with Bayesian inference techniques. Results. We found that fear ratings were related to relative CFRs ( r = 0.42, [0.25, 0.56], BF = 3511). This effect was present on aggregate and, to some extent, on individual levels, even after controlling for other ratings, morbidity rate, participants’ estimates of mortality and morbidity statistics, numeracy, sex, age, and knowledge of WHO statistics. Also, women rated neoplasms as more frightening than circulatory diseases, and typicality ratings were related to morbidity rates. Limitations. Limited number of diagnostic entities and categories, lack of control over the technicality of disease names and participants’ experience of diseases, and study sample (83% young women). Conclusions. We present initial evidence that implicit acquisition of CFRs of diseases through everyday experience may be related to the intensity of fear reactions to them.
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Pikalova, L. V., I. N. Odintsova, L. D. Zhuikova, O. A. Ananina, A. F. Lazarev, O. I. Startseva, and A. M. Shelomentseva. "Malignant neoplasms in the urban and rural population of the tomsk region." Russian Journal of Oncology 24, no. 3-6 (August 18, 2020): 68–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/1028-9984-2018-23-3-4-68-73.
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Progress In the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases, aging of the population, environmental, economic and other factors cause changes in the structure of morbidity and mortality. Malignant neoplasms (ZNO), serving as one of the main causes of disability and occupying one of the leading places in the structure of mortality of the population, are one of the main problems of health care in Russia. The growth of cities radically changes the environment and human lifestyle, has an impact on the level and structure of morbidity of the population. A person in an urban environment is exposed to a complex of social and environmental factors. According to statistics, the incidence of ZNO urban population in Russia, higher than rural [1-5]. However, as the adverse effects of urbanization penetrate into the countryside, the introduction of the rural population to the urban way of life and the aging of the rural population, it is possible to predict an increase in morbidity among them. For the development of anti-cancer programs and adoption of reasoned management decisions, information on the spread of ZNO among the population of various administrative-territorial entities is needed, especially for areas with low population density, where, as a rule, the rural population lives. At the present stage, the study of epidemiological features of the prevalence of cancer in the Tomsk region is the most urgent organizational issue in connection with the need to plan anti cancer measures in the framework of the regional program Fight against cancer (hereinafter-the Program). Given that the financing of the Program is provided from 2019 to 2024, it seems appropriate to determine the structure of morbidity in the context of municipalities for adequate planning and ensuring the availability of specialized medical care. The aim of the study was to study the incidence of malignant neoplasms of urban and rural population of Tomsk region. The study used data from the population cancer register of the regional Oncology dispensary of the Tomsk region for the period from 2007 to 2017. and the Federal state statistics service of the Russian Federation on the population living in the region. The analysis of the epidemiological situation was carried out by extensive, intensive, standardized (direct method) indicators. Statistical processing of the material was carried out using the program ONCOSTAT.
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Camarda, Carlo G. "Estimating transition coefficients for reconstructing coherent series of mortality by cause of Death." Statistical Modelling 19, no. 3 (March 19, 2019): 299–322. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1471082x19832398.
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Regular revisions of the classification of diseases and the consequent disruptions of mortality series are well-known issues in long-term cause-of-death analysis. Given basic assumptions and medical knowledge about possible exchanges across causes of death in the revision years, redistribution of counts of causes of death into a new classification can be viewed as a constrained optimization problem. Penalized likelihood within a quadratic programming framework allows estimation of exchanges that vary smoothly over age groups. The approach is illustrated using both German data on malignant neoplasms and French data on heart diseases.
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Dvornyk, Valentyn M., Inna V. Bielikova, Ludmyla M. Shylkina, Valentyna L. Filatova, and Natalia M. Martynenko. "ANALYSIS OF THE MORTALITY RATE AMONG THE POPULATION OF THE POLTAVA REGION AND THE WAYS OF ITS REDUCTION." Wiadomości Lekarskie 72, no. 5 (2019): 1087–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.36740/wlek201905226.
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Introduction: Saving and improvement of population’ health is one of the main priorities of the policy in any country. Studying of the level and causes of mortality is a powerful tool for assessing the effectiveness of health care systems. WHO recommends using of the European classification of preventable causes of death that based on three levels of prevention. The aim of this study is to compare the level and structure of mortality of the population of Ukraine and the Poltava region, to substantiate scientific approaches to the study and identification of those causes of death that can be prevented in order to formulate prevention programs at different level. Materials and methods: In research are used the information from the State Statistics Service of Ukraine and from the Center for Medical Statistics of the MoH of Ukraine. Review: Despite the positive dynamics of mortality in recent years, both in the Poltava region and in Ukraine, the indicators remain extremely negative. About 73.3% of all fatalities in Ukraine are three main types of causes cardiovascular diseases, external causes of death and neoplasms. In the Poltava region, 70.56% of all causes of death are due to cardiovascular disease; neoplasms occupy 13.88%; external causes - 4.87%; diseases of the digestive system - 3,06%; respiratory diseases - 1.31% of the causes of death. Conclusions: The mortality rate both in the Poltava region and in Ukraine has tendency for declines, but remains rather high. General trends in the structure of causes of death: in the first place are diseases of the cardiovascular system, the second - neoplasms, the third -external causes. Structuring of the causes of death that based on the principle of prevention in Ukraine do not conduct.
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Biryukov, A. P., E. P. Korovkina, E. V. Vasilyev, and Yu V. Orlov. "Clinical and Epidemiological Analysis of Morbidity and Mortality from Malignant Neoplasms among Employees of Radiation Hazardous Enterprises and the Population Living Near Nuclear Industry and Nuclear Power Facilities." Disaster Medicine, no. 3 (September 2021): 42–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.33266/2070-1004-2021-3-42-46.
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The purpose of the study is to analyze the oncoepidemiological situation in the vicinity of nuclear industry and nuclear power plants. Materials and methods of the study. The main materials of the study were the data of official medical statistics for 2012-2018 on the incidence of malignant neoplasms and mortality from them: the contingent of medical treatment organizations of FMBA of Russia in 10 closed administrative-territorial formations of Rosatom State Corporation — a research sample; total contingent served by medical treatment organizations of FMBA of Russia — data of the Federal Center for Extreme Problems Information Technology of FMBA of Russia; population of Russian Federation as a whole. An in-depth analysis of the morbidity and mortality from malignant neoplasms among employees of enterprises and the population served by medical treatment organizations of FMBA of Russia was performed using data from the Branch Cancer Registry of FMBA of Russia. Results of the study and their analysis. According to the results of the analysis an increase in the incidence of malignant neoplasms was observed in medical treatment organizations of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia in closed administrative territorial formations, in all medical treatment organizations of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia, and in the Russian Federation as a whole. In 2012-2018 the incidence of malignant neoplasms (per 100,000 population) was: in closed administrative territorial entities — 412.4 and 526.6 respectively; in all medical treatment institutions of FMBA of Russia — 328.4 and 390.1; in the Russian Federation as a whole — 367.3 and 425.5 respectively. Analysis of mortality rates from malignant neoplasms showed that in all medical treatment institutions of the Federal Medical and Biomedical Agency of Russia the mortality rate from malignant neoplasms (per 100 thousand population) in this time interval was 149.1 and 167.9 persons respectively, which is significantly lower than the all-Russian rates of 201.0 and 200.0 persons respectively. Mortality from malignant neoplasms in closed administrative territorial units amounted to 220.1 and 257.3 persons respectively, which exceeds both all medical treatment institutions of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency and the Russian Federation as a whole.
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Biryukov, Aleksandr P., El’vira P. Korovkina, Igor’ P. Korenkov, Aleksandr R. Tukov, Sergej E. Okhrimenko, Idris G. Dibirgadzhiev, and Vladimir A. Seregin. "Incidence of malignant neoplasms at radiation-hazardous facilities." Hygiene and sanitation 100, no. 2 (March 30, 2021): 154–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.47470/0016-9900-2021-100-2-154-158.
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Introduction. Authors present information on the results of social and hygienic monitoring of personnel’s health status at hazardous radiation facilities and the assigned contingent of healthcare institutions of Russia’s FMBA. The main causal patterns of the influence of risk factors on morbidity and mortality from malignant neoplasms (MNO) among employees of enterprises and the attached contingent of organizations served by healthcare institutions of the FMBA of Russia were revealed. Material and methods. The object of the study was the data on malignant neoplasms obtained from the Federal State Budgetary Institution FTSITEP FMBA of Russia and the Branch Medical and Dosimetric Register of the A.I. Burnazyan FMBA of Russia for 2012-2016. Comparative data of official medical statistics on the incidence of malignant neoplasms and mortality from them in the contingent served by FMBA hospitals, according to the nosological forms of ICD-10 and age groups with similar indices in Russia as a whole, were studied and analyzed (“NMITs Radiology” of the Ministry of Health of Russia). Results. An increase in the incidence of malignant neoplasms in Russia’s FMBA for 2012-2016 (328.4-359.6) and the Russian Federation (367.3-408.6) was noted. 9, which is significantly less than the all-Russian indices (201.0-201.6). The annual mortality rate in 2016 was lower in Russia’s FMBA patients (17.7%) than in the Russian Federation (23.3%). The five-year survival rate in Russia’s FMBA was close to that in the Russian Federation (49.9-54.3%.) It was noted that the largest number of cancer cases was observed in the older age groups: 40-59 years: 23.3-26.6%; 60-85 years: 72.2-68.3%, the same as in the Russian Federation. Conclusion. The research results can become the basis for the development of measures for medical and social rehabilitation of employees of enterprises and organizations served by medical and preventive institutions of the FMBA of Russia and the assigned contingent. In the area of the location of hazardous radiation facilities, constant monitoring and analysis of indicators of cancer incidence, carried out at a personal level using register technologies, is required.
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Bidoli, Ettore, Silvia Franceschi, Lorenzo Simonato, Silvano Piffer, Sandro Tognazzo, Paolo Vian, Sabrina Prati, et al. "Differences in Cancer Mortality Trends between Four Neighboring North-Eastern Areas and Italy, 1970-1990." Tumori Journal 81, no. 6 (November 1995): 399–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030089169508100602.
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Aims and background The present report combines descriptive statistics (partly never published) on four neighboring areas of north-eastern (NE) Italy [Friuli-Venezia Giulia (1970-89) and Veneto (1970-87) regions and the provinces of Trento (1970-89) and Bolzano (1971-90)], and all Italy (1970-89). The aim was to highlight potential differences in mortality trends and promote a more systematic sharing of data and methodologies. Methods Death certificates stratified by cause, sex, age and residence were obtained from official publications of the Italian Central Institute of Statistics. Absolute numbers of deaths from different causes, age-standardized rates (on the basis of the European standard population) and percentage of change over the examined period for both sexes were computed for each geographic area. Results Unfavorable trends were seen for neoplasms of the upper aerodigestive tract, lung, breast, colorectum, bladder, kidney and pancreas and cutaneous malignant melanoma. Increases in most of these neoplasms were more marked in the 4 NE areas than in Italy, especially with respect to cancers of the upper aerodigestive tract in both sexes and cancer of the lung and ovary in women. In Bolzano, rates of neoplasms associated with tobacco and alcohol consumption were lower and less steeply increasing than in the other NE areas, most notably Trento, therefore, contributing to produce the lowest overall cancer mortality rates of NE areas. Cancers of the stomach, uterus, and testis and Hodgkin's disease presented consistent downward trends in all examined areas. Conclusions The analysis of mortality trends across areas is consistent with elevated and still increasing cancer rates in the 4 NE areas considered, especially for tobacco and alcohol-related neoplasms and skin melanoma. Preventive strategies, based on epidemiologic knowledge, especially against tobacco and heavy alcohol consumption, and intense intermittent sun exposure, seem to be priorities and may benefit from systematic sharing of information, expertise and intervention tools in NE Italy. At least part of the lack of cancer deaths in Bolzano must be attributable to the deaths of Bolzano residents abroad (especially in Austria) and/or to differences in coding practices. This should be elucidated in future studies.
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Chiche, Edmond, Sarah Bonnet, Sarah Bertoli, Andrew T. Kuykendall, Lauris Gastaud, Pascal Boulay, Veronique De Mas, et al. "Number of Mutations and Type of Prior Myeloproliferative Neoplasm Are Prognostic Factors in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Post Myeloproliferative Neoplasms." Blood 132, Supplement 1 (November 29, 2018): 2806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-114428.
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Abstract BACKGROUND Post myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) occurs respectively in 1.5%, 7.0% and 11% of patients with essential thrombocytosis (ET), polycythemia vera (PV) and primary myelofibrosis (PMF). This subgroup of AML has very poor prognosis and are often excluded from clinical trials. Therefore, only few cohorts including molecular data are available. MATERIAL AND METHODS We retrospectively collected data from 111 patients treated in four centers in France for post MPN-AML. Clinical, molecular and treatment information was available for all patients at AML and MPN stages. DNA was extracted from samples at diagnosis of MPN chronic phase, at diagnosis of AML phase and after induction treatment. JAK2-V617F mutations were identified by qPCR (Ipsogen® MutaQuant kit, Qiagen, Germany), MPL-W515L/K mutations were identified by PCR (Ipsogen® MutaScreen kit, Qiagen, Germany) and CALR mutations were identified by conventional sequencing (Applied Biosystems, 3500Genetic Analyzer). NGS on 36 genes using Ampliseq librairy and Ion Proton sequencing (Thermofisher, Waltham, MA, USA) were performed in 96/111 patients. Overall response rate (ORR) was defined by complete remission (CR), CR with incomplete hematologic recovery (CRi), partial remission (PR) and stable disease (SD). Overall survival (OS) was calculated from the date of AML diagnosis to the date of death or last follow-up. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS v.22 software (IBM SPSS Statistics). RESULTS 111 patients treated for post MPN-AML were retrospectively included in this study. Sex ratio M/F was 54%/46%. Median age at AML diagnosis was 66 years (28-89, range). Cytogenetic categories were favorable, intermediate and adverse in 2 (2%), 51 (46%) and 47 (42%) patients, respectively. 25/111 (23%) patients had a monosomal karyotype (MK). Median number of additional mutations excluding from JAK2/MPL/CALR mutations was 2 (0-6, range). The most frequent additional mutations were TP53 (23%), ASXL1 (17%), TET2 (13%), SRSF2 (10%), DNMT3A (8%), SF3B1 (8%) and RUNX1 (8%). Only 2 patients were mutated for NPM1 and 2 and 4 patients were FLT3-ITD and FLT3-TKD, respectively. Prior MPN were PV, ET and PMF in 20%, 34% and 46% of patients, respectively. First line treatment was intensive chemotherapy (IC) for 61 (55%) patients, hypomethylating agents (HMA) for 10 (9%) or other treatments including best supportive care, cytoreduction for the other ones. 24/111 (22%) underwent to ASCT. ORR was 54% (with 30/71 (42%) in CR/CRi) in patients treated by IC or HMA. We did not identify factors predicting a higher rate of CR/CRi. OS was 12 months [6-18] and was not influenced by transplant, cytogenetic categories or by the type and allele frequencies of JAK2/CALR/MPL mutations. OS was significantly longer in the group treated with HMA as compared to IC (10 versus 46 months, respectively, p=0.006); in patients with prior PV as compared to ET or MF (26 months [0-57] versus 10 months [7-13] versus 10 months [4-16] respectively, p=0.07) and in patients with presence of additional mutations other than JAK2/CALR/MPL (5 months [0-12] versus 46 months [32-60] in 38 patients without mutation versus 58 patients with presence of at least one mutation, respectively, p=0.04). By multivariate analysis, only presence of additional mutations was predictive for OS with a hazard ratio (HR) = 0.42 [0.18-0.97] (p=0.04). Finally, we followed the VAFs of JAK2 in seven patients before and after IC. We observed in 2 patients an increase of JAK2 clone correlated with CR whereas no variation of VAFs was associated with absence of CR. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, we confirmed the poor prognosis of post MPN AML. Classical AML prognostic factors were not validated in our cohort. We identified the presence of mutations other than JAK2/MPL/CALR as the main prognostic factor whereas post-PV AML appeared to do better than post-ET and post-PMF AML. The very poor result of IC with or without ASCT highlights the need to develop specific clinical trials in this subgroup of AML. Disclosures Kuykendall: Celgene: Honoraria; Janssen: Consultancy. Sallman:Celgene: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau. Cluzeau:CELGENE: Consultancy; MENARINI: Consultancy; JAZZ PHARMA: Consultancy.
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Shuvaev, Vasily, Irina Martynkevich, Alla Abdulkadyrova, Vera Udaleva, Tatyana Zamotina, Mikhail Fominykh, Regina Golovchenko, et al. "Ph-Negative Chronic Myeloproliferative Neoplasms – Population Analysis, a Single Center 10-years’ Experience." Blood 124, no. 21 (December 6, 2014): 5556. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.5556.5556.
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Abstract Objectives and background. Nowadays chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) other than chronic myelogenous leukemia undergo renaissance of interest. It results from advances in decryption of molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis and invention of target drugs. Epidemiological information is needed to assess potential effect and additional costs of new diagnostic and therapeutic techniques. The objective of our study was to review experience of MPN diagnostic and treatment in our center for past ten years. Methods. Our institution serves as primary hematological outpatient department for a half of Saint-Petersburg city with about 2 million inhabitants. We reviewed patients' charts to obtain information about incidence, symptoms, diagnostic test results, treatment options and relationship to prognostic factors. Statistical methods included descriptive statistics, nonparametric ANOVA for frequencies comparisons and Kaplan-Meyer method with log-rank test for survival comparisons in Statistica 7.0 package. Results. Since 2004 to 2013 there were 570 newly diagnosed MPN patients (pts) in our center. This group consisted of primary myelofibrosis (PMF) (203 pts; 126 female, 77 male; median age 63 years, range 16-83 years), essential thrombocythemia (ET) (201 pts; 146 female, 55 male; median age 58 years, range 23-78 years), polycythemia vera (PV) (166 pts; 96 female, 70 male; median age 57 years, range 20-85 years). The incidence rates were stable during study period: PMF incidence varied from 0.65 to 1.35 with mean of 1.01 new patient per 100 000 inhabitants per year; ET had incidence from 0.60 to 2.1 with mean of 1.00 and PV had incidence from 0.5 to 1.15 with mean of 0.83. The most prevalent symptoms of disease were: splenomegaly (65.5%), constitutional symptoms (fever, night sweats, weight loss) (31.0%), anemia (36.3%) thrombosis (24.1%) for PMF; fatigue (33.2%), headache and dizziness (25.6%), arthralgia (21.8%), erythromelalgia (15.8%) for ET; plethora (82.5%), headache and dizziness (52.4%), fatigue (31.3%) for PV. JAK2V617F was detected in 49.7% of PMF pts, 57.8% of ET pts and in 97.7% of PV pts. Thrombosis rates according WHO IPSET-thrombosis system risks` groups of ET and PV pts were: low-risk group 3.33% (3/90), intermediate-risk group 11.1% (13/117) and 39.4% (63/160) in high-risk group with highly significant (p<0.0001) differences between risks' groups. There were 169 lethal outcomes in the analysed group (102 PMF; 31 ET; 36 PV). Ten-years overall survival rates were 49.8% in PMF pts, 84.6% in ET pts and 78.3% in PV pts. (fig.1). Overall survival in PMF was significantly influenced by risk stratification as IPSS, DIPSS and DIPSS+. Survival curves according DIPSS+ groups are presented in fig.1. Conclusions. Patients with MPN are presented in substantial number; therefore need much finance for novel therapy introduction. Risk stratification systems has high predictive value. Innovative drugs treatment results should be evaluated in comparison with historical control. Figure1 Overall survival in PMF patients according to DIPPS+ stratification groups. Figure1. Overall survival in PMF patients according to DIPPS+ stratification groups. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Grega, Tomáš, Gabriela Vojtěchová, Michal Voška, Ondřej Májek, Miroslav Zavoral, Štěpán Suchánek, Monika Ambrožová, and Jarmila Jirkovská. "Predictors of advanced colorectal neoplasia in colorectal cancer screening – interim results of multicentric prospective study." Gastroenterologie a hepatologie 74, no. 5 (October 30, 2020): 386–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.14735/amgh2020386.
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ntroduction: The incidence of advanced colorectal neoplasia in the screening population shows great diversity with a prevalence of 3–12 %. Due to the uneven distribution in the population, potential risk factors that would allow the stratification of individuals according to the degree of risk of colorectal neoplasia are searched. Aim: To determine the risk factors associated with the occurrence of advanced colorectal neoplasia in the screening population. Methods: Asymptomatic individuals aged 45–75 years who underwent preventive colonoscopy in 2012–2016 in a multicenter prospective study monitoring metabolic risk factors for CRC (MRF CRC study) were included in the analysis. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The Fisher’s exact test was used to compare the risk factors with the occurrence of advanced colorectal neoplasia. Results: There were 1,108 men (56.3%) and 859 women (43.7%) in the group; the average age of the individuals was 60 years. The majority of subjects were referred for primary screening colonoscopy (1,174 subjects; 59.7%) and 793 subjects (40.3%) underwent FOBT positive colonoscopy. The total number of advanced colorectal neoplasms in the cohort was 11,8% (233 individuals). The independent risk factors significantly associated with advanced colorectal neoplasia included age (p < 0.001), male gender (p = 0.001), smoking (p < 0.001), serum concentrations of triglycerides (p = 0.029; especially concentrations > 2 mmol/l) and low vitamin D (p = 0.033). These are preliminary results which will be specified in the following more detailed data analysis using logistic regression. Conclusion: The strongest risk factors associated with advanced colorectal neoplasia were age, gender and smoking. In addition to these factors, serum triglyceride levels and low vitamin D were significantly associated with advanced colorectal neoplasia. In the individuals with a higher incidence of advanced colorectal neoplasia according to the given factors, primary screening colonoscopy should be considered.
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Banteva, M. N., E. M. Manoshkina, and E. N. Matveev. "Dynamics of sickness rate in 15–17- year-old girls in the Russian Federation." Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics) 65, no. 3 (July 8, 2020): 100–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.21508/1027-4065-2020-65-3-100-108.
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The children’s health condition in the Russian Federation, including adolescents, has been characterized by negative trends in the past thirty years.Objective. To identify the main trends in sickness rate (both total and registered for the first time) in 15–17-year-old girls in the Russian Federation, as well as to track the quantity and dynamics of chronicity of diseases by classes and types.Material and methods. The authors analyzed the data of form №12 of the federal statistics in 2000–2017 using the descriptive statistics method.Results. The researchers revealed a significant increase both in the total sickness rate from 1613,8 to 2532,5 per 1,000 girls (by 56,9%) and in the sickness rate registered for the first time from 967,5 to 1577,3 per 1,000 girls (by 63,0%). The increase in total incidence is observed in the most classes of diseases: neoplasms (2,4 times), injuries, poisoning and some other consequences of external causes (2,4 times), congenital anomalies (malformations; 2,3 times), cardiovascular diseases (2 times), diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (2 times). Also there was revealed the increase in the incidence registered for the first time in the overwhelming majority of classes of diseases, for example: injuries, poisoning and some other consequences of external causes (2,5 times), diseases of the nervous system (2,2 times), cardiovascular diseases (2 times), neoplasms (2 times), diseases of the ear and mastoid process (2 times), diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (1,9 times). High index of the chronicity for all classes of diseases reflect the initially high level of chronic pathology in 15–17-year-old girls, which is an unfavorable characteristic of their health condition. Having analyzed the chronization index the authors revealed its maximum growth for congenital anomalies (malformations; by 31,1%) and neoplasms (by 23,0%), and for certain nosologies: menstrual disorders (5,8 times) and renal failure (4,2 times).Conclusion. The health of children, and especially adolescents, determines the national health in the nearest future; therefore, its preservation and improvement require thorough attention.
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Vykhristyuk, Yu V., G. E. Roitberg, J. V. Dorosh, N. V. Karaseva, and R. A. Akobova. "Preventive measures against development of breast cancer." South Russian Journal of Cancer 2, no. 1 (March 29, 2021): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.37748/2686-9039-2021-2-1-6.
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According to Russian statistics, breast cancer ranks fi rst among malignant neoplasms among women (20.9%). The largest proportion of breast cancer cases is detected in women aged 35 to 55 years. Therefore, an urgent issue is not only the provision of specialized medical care to patients, but also the prevention of the development of the disease. Almost 70% of malignant neoplasms, including breast cancer, are provoked by exogenous factors. This article provides an overview of the literature on primary breast cancer prevention. It is established that a woman's lifestyle, diet, physical activity, and bad habits can have a potentiating effect on the development of breast cancer. Conclusions. Currently, breast cancer prevention plays a key role in the fi ght against this disease. middle-aged women (who account for the main peak of morbidity) should understand that by changing behavior, it is possible to reduce the risk of developing breast cancer. In addition, increasing women's awareness of breast cancer and its prevention can help reduce the incidence and fi nancial costs of treatment.
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Invernizzi, S., G. Locatelli, A. Butti, S. Cappoli, A. Librizzi, D. Pozza, and E. Zuccoli. "Funicle-epididymal metastasis from renal cell carcinoma." Urologia Journal 63, no. 1_suppl (January 1996): 88–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/039156039606301s21.
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Metastatic neoplasms of testicular adnexa are extremely rare, particularly the ones spreading from renal cell carcinoma. The authors refer to a case of metachronous metastasis spread from kidney to funicle and para-epididymal tissue, in a 73-year-old male, who had undergone left nephrectomy for adenocarcinoma (seven months before). They review the statistics reported in literature and discuss the possible physiopathology of the way of spreading (in this case left varicocele was associated). Ultrasonography diagnosis of left testis tumour was confirmed by histological test after inguinal orchifunicolectomy.
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Al-Khabori, Murtadha K., Shoaib Al-Zadjali, Mohamed Al-Rawahi, Iman Al Noumani, Khalil Al Farsi, Salam Al-Kindi, Mohamed Al Huneini, et al. "Incorporation of Clinical Information to Decipher Driver Mutations in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms." Blood 132, Supplement 1 (November 29, 2018): 5489. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-118546.
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Abstract Introduction: Mutations in the epigenetic regulators are commonly found in myeloid disorders including Myeloproliferative Neoplasm (MPN). Primary myelofibrosis, dysplastic changes and severity of the disease were associated with the mutation load. Most of the studies had a limited number of targeted genes and included a mixture of JAK2 positive and negative disease. The objective of this study is to assess the impact of mutations in the epigenetic regulators on the presentation of patients with JAK2 V617F positive MPN. Methods: We retrieved the clinical and laboratory information on 61 consecutive eligible patients. Mutation analysis of the entire coding regions of ASXL1, ASXL2, CBL, CEBPA, CSF3R, DNMT3A, EZH2, IDH2, TET1 and TET2 genes was performed using next generation sequencing (NGS; Ion PGM Sequencer; Thermo Fisher ScientificÒ). The library was constructed and the templates were prepared using the PGM tool. The variants were annotated using the ClinVar database and the prediction from the Scale-Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) and or Polymorphism Phenotyping (Polyphen) algorithms. Alignment, variant filtering and annotation were performed using Ion Torrent Suite. Standard descriptive and analytical statistics were used as appropriate to describe and compare different groups. The MPN subtype, bleeding, thrombosis, hemoglobin, platelet count, White Cell Count (WBC), Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) and erythropoietin level were compared for each candidate variant. An alpha threshold of 0.05 was used with no adjustment for multiple comparisons as the analyses were considered exploratory. All statistics were performed using R program. Variants were selected for further experimentation based on their frequency and association with the clinical information at diagnosis. Results: Sixty-one patients were included (Polycythemia Vera: 29, Essential Thrombocythemia: 21, Primary Myelofibrosis: 9, MPN unclassifiable: 2) with a median age of 62 years (Interquartile Range [IQR]: 44 - 70). Male to female ratio was 35:26. The median hemoglobin, WBC, platelet count, LDH and erythropoietin were 14.6 g/dL (IQR: 12.8 - 16.8), 11.5 *109/L (IQR: 11.5 - 14.4), 507 *109/L (IQR: 391 - 779), 265 mU/mL (IQR: 231 - 409) and 1.2 mU/mL (IQR: 1.0 - 4.8) respectively. At presentation, 54% had splenomegaly, 23% had an arterial or venous thrombosis, and 5% had bleeding. Sixty-three variants were found in the samples tested. The median mutation load was 13 variants (Range: 11-14). Patients with higher than the median mutation load had higher mean erythropoietin (7.8 vs. 0.9 g/dL; p = 0.02016). ASXL1 p.Leu815Pro variant was found in all patients. Only three variants were found in the ClinVar database. Seven variants were predicted to be pathogenic (ASXL1: 1, EZH2: 1, IHD1: 1, TET1: 1 and TET2: 3). Patients with TET2: p.Leu1721Trp variant had 6.4 higher odds of bleeding (p = 0.04345). Patients with TET2: p.His1778Arg variant had a lower WBC (9.1 vs. 13.9 *109/L; p = 0.01699) and LDH (213 vs. 348 mU/mL; p = 0.0006528) while those with TET1: p.Lle1123Met variant had a higher WBC (13.5 vs. 8.3 *109/L; p = 0.02756). None of the remaining comparisons were statistically significant. Conclusions: Incorporation of clinical information facilitates the prioritization of variants from DNA sequencing experiments. In MPN, we recommend ASXL1: p.Leu815Pro (expressed in all patients), TET2: p.Leu1721Trp (associated with bleeding), TET2: p.His1778Arg (correlated with the WBC and LDH) and TET1: p.Lle1123Met (correlated with LDH) for further functional experimentation. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Navarro, Jose Tomas, Maria Joao Baptista, Mireia Morgades, Cristina Tural, Evarist Feliu, Fuensanta Millá, and Josep-Maria Ribera. "Second Malignancies After Treatment of AIDS-Related Non-Hodgking's Lymphoma." Blood 118, no. 21 (November 18, 2011): 4943. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.4943.4943.
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Abstract Abstract 4943 Background: The use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has dramatically improved the prognosis of AIDS-related Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), causing a remarkable increase in patients' long-term survival. On the other hand, with the introduction of HAART, the incidence of non-AIDS-related malignancies is increasing among patients with HIV infection. The incidence of second neoplasms after treatment of aggressive NHL have been reported to be higher than in the general population. Nevertheless, there is scarce information regarding second malignancies occurring in HIV-infected patients after NHL treatment. We sought for second neoplasms among patients treated of AIDS-related NHL, hence suffering from 2 conditions which may predispose them to develop malignancies: therapy for lymphoma and HIV infection. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of patient data on AIDS-related NHL individuals diagnosed between 1989 and 2010 in our institution. Demographic, HIV infection, and lymphoma data on each case were collected. Two groups were further considered: patients who did not take HAART at all, and those who started HAART at any stage of their HIV infection. Continuous and categorical variables are presented using descriptive statistics. Survival analyses were performed using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the log-rank test. P-values of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: Out of a series of 146 patients diagnosed with AIDS-related NHL, 138 patients were eligible for the study with a median follow-up of 8.24 years: 70 patients belonged to the no-HAART group, and 68 to the HAART group. Most interesting data regarding both groups are listed in table 1. Briefly, patients in the HAART group were older at the time of lymphoma diagnosis than those who did not receive it (p=0.024); in addition, there were more male patients in the no-HAART group (p=0.011). These differences show the demographic changes among HIV-infected patients in the HAART era. Furthermore, a higher number of complete responses (CR) to lymphoma treatment was observed in the HAART group (p<0.001). Overall survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS) were significantly longer for patients who took HAART (p<0.001 and p<0.001 respectively). Four out of the 40 patients at risk (10%), developed a second malignancy in the HAART group, and none in the no-HAART one. However, no statistically significant differences were found, probably due to the low number of cases. The most important features of the 4 patients with a second malignancy are listed in table 2. All 4 patients were diagnosed with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), were treated with CHOP, and had a prior diagnosis of AIDS. Two of the 4 were on HAART at lymphoma diagnosis (one of them in both virological and immunological response). The patient with hepatocarcinoma was HCV positive. As shown in table 1, three of the patients had responded to HAART when the second neoplasm (carcinoma) was diagnosed; and the reminder, who did not respond to HAART, developed a Kaposi sarcoma. All four patients died because of neoplasm progression. Conclusions: As expected, a higher frequence of second neoplasms was observed after treatment of AIDS-related NHL among patients who receive HAART. Second malignancies were non-HIV related neoplasms in patients with response to HAART. Abbreviations: CT, chemotherapy; RT, radiotherapy; IVDU: intravenous drug user. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Bitencourt, Evandro Leite, Paulo Martins Reis Júnior, Renata Rossato, and Bruno de Oliveira Araújo Sousa. "INCIDÊNCIA DE ÓBITOS POR NEOPLASIAS, SEGUNDO LOCALIZAÇÃO PRIMÁRIA DO TUMOR NO ESTADO DO TOCANTINS DE 2006 A 2015." Revista de Patologia do Tocantins 5, no. 3 (September 9, 2018): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.20873/uft.2446-6492.2018v5n3p5.
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Objetivo: Fazer um levantamento de óbitos ocorridos por neoplasias segundo a localização primária do tumor no Estado do Tocantins de 2006 a 2015. Métodos: Os dados foram obtidos através de acesso ao sítio do Instituto Nacional do Câncer (INCA). A seleção dos dados foi feita de acordo com a Classificação Estatística Internacional de Doenças e Problemas Relacionados com a Saúde (CID-10) 10ª edição. O grande grupo do CID-10 selecionado foi o de Neoplasias [tumores] malignas (os) que engloba os CID de C-00 a C97. Resultados: As neoplasias que causaram maior mortalidade no Estado do Tocantins foram a neoplasia maligna de brônquios e pulmões seguida pela localização primária desconhecida, neoplasias malignas da próstata, mama, esôfago, estômago, pâncreas, fígado, colo do útero e leucemia mieloide. Quanto à faixa etária, a idade que registrou o maior número de óbitos foi de 70 a 79 anos. Conclusões: Com essa pesquisa, observa-se semelhança entre o perfil da mortalidade por neoplasias no Estado do Tocantins e o Brasil. Deve ser incentivada a criação de políticas públicas voltadas a essa patologia e conscientização da população na tentativa de evitar essa alta mortalidade.
Palavras-chave: Óbitos; Neoplasias; Sistemas de informação.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To make a survey of deaths due to neoplasms according to the primary location of the tumor in the state of Tocantins from 2006 to 2015. Methods: Data were obtained through access to the National Cancer Institute (INCA) website. Data were selected according to the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10) 10th edition. The large group of ICD-10 selected was that of malignant neoplasms [tumors] that encompasses ICDs from C-00 to C97. Results: The neoplasms that caused the greatest mortality in the State of Tocantins were malignant neoplasms of the bronchi and lungs followed by the unknown primary site, malignant neoplasms of the prostate, breast, esophagus, stomach, pancreas, liver, cervix and myeloid leukemia. As for the age group, the age with the highest number of deaths was 70 to 79 years. Conclusions: With this research, there is a similarity between the profile of mortality due to neoplasms in the state of Tocantins and Brazil. It should be encouraged the creation of public policies aimed at this pathology and public awareness in an attempt to avoid such high mortality.
Keywords: Deaths; Neoplasms; Information systems.
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Massad, Salwa, Hadil Dalloul, Asad Ramlawi, Izzat Rayyan, Rand Salman, and Lars Age Johansson. "Accuracy of mortality statistics in Palestine: a retrospective cohort study." BMJ Open 9, no. 4 (April 2019): e026640. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026640.
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ObjectiveTo examine the accuracy of mortality statistics in Palestine, to identify gaps and to provide evidence-based recommendations to improve mortality statistics in Palestine.Study design and settingA retrospective death registry-based study that examined a stratified random sample of death notification forms (DNFs) of patients who died in hospitals in Palestine was reported in 2012. We randomly selected 600 deceased from the Cause of Death Registry: 400 from the West Bank and 200 from the Gaza Strip. Analysis was based on the randomly selected deaths that we were able to retrieve the medical records for; 371 deaths in the West Bank and 199 deaths in the Gaza Strip.ResultsData in the Palestinian Health Information Centre (PHIC) registry had a low degree of accuracy: less than half of the underlying causes stated the correct cause of death. In general, deaths due to malignant neoplasms were more accurately reported on DNFs than other causes of death, and metabolic diseases (including diabetes) were the most problematic. Issues with coding and classification at the PHIC were most apparent for perinatal conditions and congenital anomalies.ConclusionProcedures for coding and classification at the PHIC deviate considerably from the international norms defined in the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD) and account to a considerable extent for the discrepancies between the cause of death determined on the medical data on the death extracted from the deceased patient’s hospital records and the cause of death coded by the PHIC. We recommend the introduction of international coding software for coding and classification, and a review to improve data handling in hospitals, especially those with electronic patient records.
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Viuff, Mette Hansen, Kirstine Stochholm, Angela Lin, Agnethe Berglund, Svend Juul, and Claus Højbjerg Gravholt. "Cancer occurrence in Turner syndrome and the effect of sex hormone substitution therapy." European Journal of Endocrinology 184, no. 1 (January 2021): 79–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje-20-0702.
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Objective Although the overall risk of cancer is not increased in Turner syndrome, the pattern of cancer occurrence differs from the general population. We aim to describe the cancer morbidity pattern in Turner syndrome and evaluate the effect of long-term hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Design Nationwide epidemiological study. Methods 1156 females with Turner syndrome diagnosed during 1960–2014, were linked with data from the Danish National Patient Registry. Statistics Denmark randomly identified 115 578 female controls. Stratified Cox regression was used to analyze cancer morbidity, mortality and effect of HRT. Results Overall risk of cancer was not elevated (hazard ratio 1.04 (95% CI: 0.80–1.36)). The risk of skin cancer and benign skin neoplasms was two-fold increased, while the risk of breast cancer was decreased (hazard ratio 0.4 (0.2–0.9)). Turner syndrome (45,X) had a two- to five-fold increased risk of benign CNS tumors, colon and rectal cancers, benign skin neoplasms and skin cancer. Turner syndrome women with a 45,X/46,XX karyotype had an increased risk of tongue cancer. HRT had no impact on the risk of any cancer investigated in this study. Conclusions The lack of one X chromosome might play a role in skin neoplasms, CNS tumors, colon and rectal cancers. The risk of breast cancer is lower than in the general population. Long-term HRT during the premenopausal age range seems not to exert a cancerous effect in Turner syndrome. Increased vigilance concerning specific types of cancer in Tuner syndrome harboring a 45,X karyotype is needed.
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Troshina, Ekaterina Anatol'evna, M. Y. Yukina, A. V. Egorov, I. A. Vasilyev, A. A. Krivko, and A. G. Vasil'eva. "Malignant insulinoma." Problems of Endocrinology 55, no. 5 (October 15, 2009): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/probl200955510-14.
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According to official statistics, malignant insulinomas account for a small fraction of gastroenteropathic endocrine neoplasms, the majority of insulinomas being essentially benign tumours. This paper reports a clinical case of malignant insulin-producing neuroendocrine tumour of the pancreas tail in a 28 year-old woman. She had multiple liver metastases and organic hyperinsulinism. Results of comprehensive examination of the patient at the Endocrinological Research Centre including laboratory diagnostic data and their evaluation are presented. Her surgical treatment was accomplished in N.N. Burdenko Facultative Surgery Clinic, I.M. Sechenov Moscow Medical Academy. Treatment strategy in the post-operative period and follow-up observations are described.
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Evdakov, Valeryan Alekseevich, Marina Nikolaevna Banteva, Elena Mihailovna Manoshkina, Yuriy Yurevich Melnikov, and Liudmila Valentinovna Rugol. "Status and dynamics of parameters of use of bed capacity of oncological profile in Russian Federation." I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald 28, no. 4 (December 15, 2020): 462–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.23888/pavlovj2020284462-478.
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In the Russian Federation (RF) a steady growth of morbidity with oncologic diseases is observed. An important factor of reduction of negative influence of oncopathology on the parameters of public health is provision of the population with specialists and beds of oncological profile, as well as their effective use.
Aim. To determine the status and identify dynamics of the main parameters of use of beds of oncological profile of the state healthcare system of RF, federal districts and constituent entities of RF in comparison with tendencies of parameters of morbidity with malignant neoplasms, and also of provision of the population with medical personnel in the period from 2010 to 2019.
Materials and Methods. Using the data of the Federal statistical observation forms (№30, 47, 14LC, 7) based on the calculation of absolute and relative parameters by the descriptive statistics method, the analysis of the main parameters of the use of bed resources of oncology profile was carried out in comparison with the parameters of morbidity with malignant neoplasms and provision of the population with medical personnel in 24-hour and day-stay hospitals in the Russian Federation, federal districts and constituent entities of the Russian Federation in 2010-2019.
Results. During the study period, with the underlying increase in the morbidity of the population with diseases of neoplasm class (primarily, malignant) in the Russian Federation, there was found a regular increase in: the absolute number of oncological beds for 24-hour stay by 5.216 beds (+16.8%), provision with these beds from 2.17 to 2.47 per 10 000 population (+13.8%), hospitalization rate from 6.1 to 9.6 per 1000 population (+57.4%); and a decrease in: average stay in an oncological bed by 3.7 days (-30.6%, from 12.1 to 8.4 days), and the average bed occupancy by 15 days per year (-4.3%, from 345 to 330 days). Mortality in cancer beds increased from 0.76% in 2010 to 0.95% in 2019 (by 25.0%). There was an increase in the provision of the population with oncological beds in day-stay hospitals by 3.4 times, in day-stay hospitals of polyclinics by 63.6%.
Conclusion. With the underlying growth of oncological morbidity in the country, the bed capacity of the oncological profile of 24-hour and day hospitals has significantly increased, with a high level of disproportional development of the bed capacity both between federal districts and between the subjects of the Russian Federation.
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Natsun, Leyla N. "WOMEN'S OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE HEALTH." Society and Security Insights 3, no. 3 (August 27, 2020): 167–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/ssi(2020)3-12.
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The health of women of reproductive age is the basis for forming the health of new generations of the population. Reducing preventable mortality and morbidity of women with diseases that reduce their reproductive potential, as well as motivating them to lead a healthy lifestyle are urgent tasks in the field of strengthening the demographic potential of the country. The purpose of this work is to analyze themain indicators that characterize the health of women of reproductive age in Russia, as well as the characteristics of behavioral factors that affect the health of this category of population. The information base of the study was made up of the works of domestic and foreign authors, statistical data, and materials of selective observation of behavioral factors affecting the health of the population (for 2018), conducted by the Federal state statistics service. It is shown that, despite the improvement of individual indicators of health of women of reproductive age, an actual threat to it is an increase in the incidence of neoplasms and infertility. Analysis of sample observation data allowed to expand the number of problems identified in the statistics. It was found that different age groups of women of reproductive age have different combinations of behavioral factors that affect health. In the future, it is planned to expand the results obtained by adding an analysis of regional sociological research data.
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Hui, Liu. "Two Time Point Analysis of the Change in Risk and Aging Factors for Major Cancers: A 10-Year Longitudinal Study in China." BioMed Research International 2020 (May 7, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9043012.
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Objective. To quantify the change in risk and aging factors with a two time point analysis for major cancers to assess supportive strategies. Methods. The 2004 and 2015 mortality statistics in China were accessed. The standardized mortality rates of the two periods were used to calculate the ratio of change (RC) value to assess the risk of death associated with time (social development with time) for cancers. The role of age in mortality with time was evaluated by the interaction between time and age using a Poisson regression. Results. In ascending order of RC, the factors were uterus; other malignant neoplasms; esophagus; stomach; skin; liver; leukemia; “lip, oral cavity, and pharynx”; bladder; “colon and rectum”; breast; prostate; lung; ovary; pancreas; “lymphoid, hematopoietic, and related tissue”; and cervix cancers. According to their location on the scatter diagram, the 17 neoplasms could be divided into three groups, comprising undeveloped cancers (including four cancers), developed cancers (including three cancers), and cancers insensitive to social development. Unexpectedly, about 60% (as assessed by type of cancer) and two-thirds (as assessed by constituent ratio of death from all cancers) of cancers did not change with time. Conclusions. Most cancers may be insensitive to social development. Internal factors, including aging, may be a key factor for the occurrence of cancer.
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Moiseenko, V. E., A. V. Pavlovsky, D. A. Granov, I. G. Kardanova, L. V. Kochorova, and I. V. Dodonova. "Incidence of pancreatic malignancies in the Russian Federation: a retrospective cohort trial." Kuban Scientific Medical Bulletin 28, no. 3 (June 27, 2021): 97–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.25207/1608-6228-2021-28-3-97-111.
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Background. Pancreatic malignancies pose a challenging medical and social problem. The assessment of oncology care requires an in-depth analysis of morbidity and lethality. At a relatively improved prevalence and lethality in other-locale malignancies, pancreatic cancer remains a disappointing situation. Medical statistics in pancreatic malignancy can be used for the specialty care prediction and implementation of measures to advance diagnostic algorithms and population screening.Objectives. An assessment of the pancreatic malignancy incidence and mortality in the adult population of Russian Federation over a six-year period.Methods. A retrospective descriptive cohort trial included statistical data on morbidity and mortality in pancreatic cancer patients (C 25.0-C 25.9) according to the ICD of 10th edition. A comparison cohort sampled patients with all-locale neoplasms (C00-C96) according to the ICD of 10th edition, excluding nosologies C25.0-C25.9. Information was sourced in the Federal Statistical Abstracts for the period of 2014-2019. Inclusion criteria: the study cohort included pancreatic cancer patients diagnosed at the age of 18 years on, and comparison cohort — malignancy patients diagnosed with at 18 years on. The main study indicator were the pancreatic cancer morbidity and mortality figures in Russia.Results. Pancreatic cancer was shown to co-increase main morbidity figures in 2014-2019 compared to malignant neoplasms of other localities. Other-locale malignancies decreased mortality over the study period, which was not the case with pancreatic cancer. The period exhibits more frequent morphologically verified diagnoses and higher population numbers registered with specialty dispensaries. Registered pancreatic cancer figures are significantly higher in the female population. The proportion of advanced pancreatic malignancies at primary diagnosis exceeds that of early stages.Conclusion. The findings expose a demand for improving the system of early pancreatic cancer detection via intensifying preventive measures to capture the patient’s predisposition and screening techniques for early disease diagnosis. An active outpatient surveillance is prerequisite to an effective population involvement in dispensary screening.
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Kovtun, N. V., I. M. Motuziuk, and R. O. Ganzha. "Using Cox Regression to Forecast of Survival of Women with Multiple Malignant Neoplasms." Statistics of Ukraine 83, no. 4 (December 17, 2018): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.31767/su.4(83)2018.04.08.
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Recently, an increase in the incidence of multiple primary malignant neoplasms has been observed, specifically, when two or more unrelated tumors originate from different organs and appear in the body simultaneously or sequentially, one after another. During past few years, the interval between the first and second reproductive cancer diagnosis has decreased in 6 times – from 11 to just 2 years while probability of surviving the next 3 years after 8.5 years past initial diagnosis has decreased from 0.995 to 0.562. Using performed analysis, this paper provides details of survival modelling for women with breast cancer with the aim to find the most significant factors affecting the likelihood of survival not by chance alone. The data used for research were obtained from Ukrainian National Institute of Cancer covering 1981–2017 period. The modelling was performed using Cox regression with forward effect selection method and stay in p-value boundary equal to 0.15. The forward method firstly computes the adjusted chi-square statistics for each variable. Then, it examines the largest computed statistics and if particular one is significant, the corresponding variable is added to the model. Once the variable is entered, it is never removed from the model. 3 out of 4 factors that appeared to be significant according to forward selection method were confirmed as the significant ones by stepwise selection method. The results of modelling proved the possibility of prediction the survival using certain set of disease features and subjects’ characteristics. Testing of global hypothesis for Beta resulted in rejecting of null hypothesis (Beta = 0) in favor of the alternative one (Beta ≠ 0) thus it was confirmed that the models make sense and can be used to predict survival in women with breast cancer. According to obtained results, the most significant disease features and subjects characteristics appeared to be: type of multiple processes (synchronous or metachronous), presence of relapse and/or metastasis, type and combination of treatment, stage of disease. Cancer with synchronous processes is characterized by greater aggressiveness and it reduces survival by almost 13 times compared with cancer where metachronous processes take place. Even though chemotherapy significantly increases the survival rate of patients, it also impacts the probability of relapses and metastasis occurrence, which are 16 times more likely to occur if chemotherapy was a part of treatment. This gives grounds for assumption that it has an indirect effect on survival and hence needs to be analyzed considering its negative impact on the relapses and metastasis occurrence probability, which, in turn, reduces survival by 10 times. This fact, in our opinion, introduces the need for further in-depth analysis. The significant difference between survival rates in patients with the first and third stages of cancer has been proved – the chances to survive with the disease at the first stage are almost 12 times higher than with disease at the third stage. At the same time, the difference in the survival rates in women with the disease at the second and the third stages is not so big and it is only 1.6 times. The modern method of conducting surgery compared with the standard one appeared to be capable to reduce the risk of relapses and metastases by 2.6 times, while breast conservative surgery in multiple oncological processes – by 3 times compared with mastectomy, which allows to state that both factors have a positive effect on the survival probability and reduce the risk of mortality. Regarding subgroup models built for patients having synchronous process and patients with metachronous processes separately, an increase in the sample size is needed to assess assumed difference in factors affecting survival and to improve predictive abilities of models. This, in turn, requires additional studies during which the necessary amount of data can be collected.
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Ramos, José Lucas Souza, Francisco Winter dos Santos Figueiredo, Lea Tami Suzuki Zuchelo, Flávia Abranches Corsetti Purcino, Fernando Adami, Rodrigo Goncalves, Carlos Alberto Ruiz, Edmund Chada Baracat, José Maria Soares Junior, and Isabel Cristina Esposito Sorpreso. "Health Services, Socioeconomic Indicators, and Primary Care Coverage in Mortality by Lower Genital Tract and Breast Neoplasias in Brazilian Women during Reproductive and Non-Reproductive Periods." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 16 (August 11, 2020): 5804. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165804.
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Women’s health assistance at the low-complexity level is focused on the most common diseases and can be affected by primary health care coverage, particularly in areas far away from large urban centers. Thus, in this work, we aim to analyze the relationship between socioeconomic status, health care indicators, and primary care coverage in mortality from neoplasms of the lower genital tract and breast in Brazilian women during reproductive and non-reproductive periods. We conducted an ecological study at the Gynecology Discipline, Medicine School, University of São Paulo. Secondary data were collected from women according to reproductive periods and mortality data from the Mortality Information System based on International Classification of Disease—10th edition regarding breast and lower genital tract neoplasms in 2017. The health service and socioeconomic indicators were obtained from the Informatics Department of the Unified Health System and Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. Our results showed that primary care coverage and health service indicators were not associated with mortality from breast cancer and the female lower genital tract, both in reproductive and non-reproductive periods. Sociodemographic indicators were found to be associated with mortality from breast cancer and the female lower genital tract, with income being associated with reproductive period (β = −0.4; 95% CI, −0.8 to −0.03) and educational level in the non-reproductive period (β = 9.7; 95% CI, 1.5 to 18.0).
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Leary, Owen P., David D. Liu, Michael K. Boyajian, Sohail Syed, Joaquin Q. Camara-Quintana, Tianyi Niu, Konstantina A. Svokos, et al. "Complex wound closure by plastic surgery following resection of spinal neoplasms minimizes postoperative wound complications in high-risk patients." Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine 33, no. 1 (July 2020): 77–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2019.12.spine191238.
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OBJECTIVEWound breakdown and infection are common postoperative complications following resection of spinal neoplasms. Accordingly, it has become common practice at some centers for plastic surgeons to assist with closure of large posterior defects after spine tumor resection. In this study, the authors tested the hypothesis that plastic surgery closure of complex spinal defects improves wound outcomes following resection of spinal neoplastic disease.METHODSElectronic medical records of consecutive patients who underwent resection of a spinal neoplasm between June 2015 and January 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were separated into two subpopulations based on whether the surgical wound was closed by plastic surgery or neurosurgery. Patient demographics, preoperative risk factors, surgical details, and postoperative outcomes were collected in a central database and summarized using descriptive statistics. Outcomes of interest included rates of wound complication, reoperation, and mortality. Known preoperative risk factors for wound complication in spinal oncology were identified based on literature review and grouped categorically. The presence of each category of risk factors was then compared between groups. Univariate and multivariate linear regressions were applied to define associations between individual risk factors and wound complications.RESULTSOne hundred six patients met inclusion criteria, including 60 wounds primarily closed by plastic surgery and 46 by neurosurgery. The plastic surgery population included more patients with systemic metastases (58% vs 37%, p = 0.029), prior radiation (53% vs 17%, p < 0.001), prior chemotherapy (37% vs 15%, p = 0.014), and sacral region tumors (25% vs 7%, p = 0.012), and more patients who underwent procedures requiring larger incisions (7.2 ± 3.6 vs 4.5 ± 2.6 levels, p < 0.001), prolonged operative time (413 ± 161 vs 301 ± 181 minutes, p = 0.001), and greater blood loss (906 ± 1106 vs 283 ± 373 ml, p < 0.001). The average number of risk factor categories present was significantly greater in the plastic surgery group (2.57 vs 1.74, p < 0.001). Despite the higher relative risk, the plastic surgery group did not experience a significantly higher rate of wound complication (28% vs 17%, p = 0.145), reoperation (17% vs 9%, p = 0.234), or all-cause mortality (30% vs 13%, p = 0.076). One patient died from wound-related complications in each group (p = 0.851). Regression analyses identified diabetes, multilevel instrumentation, and BMI as the factors associated with the greatest wound complications.CONCLUSIONSInvolving plastic surgery in the closure of spinal wounds after resection of neoplasms may ameliorate expected increases in wound complications among higher-risk patients.
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Bejer-Oleńska, Ewa, Michael Thoene, Andrzej Włodarczyk, and Joanna Wojtkiewicz. "Application of MRI for the Diagnosis of Neoplasms." BioMed Research International 2018 (2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2715831.
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Aim. The aim of the study was to determine the most commonly diagnosed neoplasms in the MRI scanned patient population and indicate correlations based on the descriptive variables. Methods. The SPSS software was used to determine the incidence of neoplasms within the specific diagnoses based on the descriptive variables of the studied population. Over a five year period, 791 patients and 839 MRI scans were identified in neoplasm category (C00-D48 according to the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems ICD-10). Results. More women (56%) than men (44%) represented C00-D48. Three categories of neoplasms were recorded. Furthermore, benign neoplasms were the most numerous, diagnosed mainly in patients in the fifth decade of life, and included benign neoplasms of the brain and other parts of the central nervous system. Conclusions. Males ≤ 30 years of age with neoplasms had three times higher MRI scans rate than females of the same age group; even though females had much higher scans rate in every other category. The young males are more often selected for these scans if a neoplasm is suspected. Finally, the number of MRI-diagnosed neoplasms showed a linear annual increase.
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Tseimakh, A. E., A. F. Lazarev, V. A. Kurtukov, M. E. Tseimakh, and Ia N. Shoykhet. "APPLICATION OF PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY IN COMPLEX TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS OF PANCREAS AND BILIAR TRACT. REVIEW." Russian Journal of Oncology 23, no. 3-6 (December 15, 2018): 134–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/1028-9984-2018-23-3-6-134-142.
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Data from the global oncology statistics shows that pancreatic cancer is at the 4th place in the world for mortality in men and women, having the lowest five-year life expectancy among gastrointestinal tumors with an average median survival of no more than 6 months. Along with it, malignant neoplasms of the biliary tract are rare in the frequency of occurrence of the nosological group of diseases, which, however, are on the second place in terms of the level of malignancy among the neoplasms of the liver. Both nosologies in the vast majority are not subject to radical treatment, being the object of palliative treatment due to late diagnosis. Despite the establishment of new medical technologies, the main method of treating of these nosologies remains surgical. However, at the time of detection and diagnosis less than 20% of patients have a resectable process, and, moreover, even patients with a resectable tumor are often not subjected to radical surgical treatment due to dissemination of the tumor at the time of surgery, which reduces the postoperative five-year survival of this cancer: 25-30% in patients without metastases to regional lymph nodes and about 10% in patients with metastases to regional lymph nodes. Due to the low efficiency of the surgical method, there are searched new methods of complex treatment, new drugs and chemotherapy regimens, as well as radiotherapy regimens, however, with the improvement of methods for diagnosing cancer in the past 20-25 years, neither the prognosis nor survival of patients nor the percentage of early diagnosis of cancer of the pancreas did not significantly improve. A new and promising method for the treatment of malignant neoplasms of the pancreas and the biliary tract is photodynamic therapy, the undoubted advantage of which is low toxicity, selective effect only on cancer cells at the fundamental level, contributing depending on the duration of exposure to their autophagy, apoptosis or necrosis. And, although PDT has drawbacks connected with side effects of PDT, such as gastrointestinal bleeding, obstruction of the duodenum and hemorrhagic pancreonecrosis, and with insufficient knowledge and lack of clear recommendations, but the PDT method is certainly a promising method in both radical and in palliative complex therapy of malignant neoplasms of the pancreas and biliary tract, which requires further study.
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Jäger, Roland, Ashot S. Harutyunyan, Elisa Rumi, Bettina Gisslinger, Martin Schalling, Virginia Ferretti, Daniela Pietra, Mario Cazzola, Heinz Gisslinger, and Robert Kralovics. "Common Variation at 6q25.3 (TULP4) Influences Risk for Arterial Thrombosis in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms." Blood 126, no. 23 (December 3, 2015): 4088. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.4088.4088.
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Abstract Inherent tendency for thrombosis is a major complication in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). The molecular basis of thrombosis in MPN is not well understood, however, genetic factors have been proposed to play a role. To agnostically investigate the role of common germline variation in MPN thrombophilia, we performed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in MPN patient cohorts characterized for arterial thrombosis (AT) events. In our discovery cohort (n=383) from Vienna, Austria, 18% of patients have suffered from AT after MPN diagnosis, and 33% of patients showed records for AT events at any time. Of this discovery cohort, a subset of patients (n=302) selected independently from thrombotic status was genotyped on the Affymetrix Genome-Wide SNP 6.0 array platform. After assessment of case-control setup and genotyping quality as standardly implemented in GWAS, confidently genotyped single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were tested for allelic association with occurrence of AT after MPN diagnosis. We observed an association signal beyond genome-wide statistical significance (P <5x10-8) at chromosome 6q25.3, tagged by rs6455579 and six additional closely related tag-SNPs. The 6q25.3 risk haplotype is common with a minor allele frequency (MAF) of ~8% in the Vienna MPN cohort. The minor allele rs6455579_C correlated with increased risk for AT. We next genotyped the full discovery cohort from Vienna (n=383) and a replication cohort from Pavia, Italy (n=505) using qPCR-based SNP genotyping for rs6455579 and computed odds ratios (ORs) to estimate the effect sizes of the association. In the Vienna cohort, rs6455579 genotype was significantly associated with both "AT after diagnosis" (P =1.90x10-8, ORhet=6.93) and "AT at any time" (P =6.96x10-4, ORhet=3.07). In the Pavia cohort, an association with "AT after diagnosis" could not be observed (P =0.14), however, the association of rs6455579 with "AT at any time" could be reproduced at formal statistical significance (P =7.92x10-3, ORhet=2.55). Moreover, Kaplan-Meier statistics on the Pavia cohort revealed a significant difference in AT-free survival after diagnosis upon rs6455579 genotype (log-rank-test P =0.009; rs6455579 homozygous major vs. heterozygous), underpinning the relevance of disease duration for the impact of the haplotype on MPN-related AT. To gain insight into the physiological mechanisms behind the 6q25.3 risk haplotype, we next evaluated the discovery cohort for correlations of the haplotype with clinical parameters other than AT. We could observe a significant trend for increased white blood cell (WBC) count in CALR mutated (n=90, P =2.50x10-3) but not in JAK2 mutated (n=182, P =0.52) ET and PMF patients carrying the risk allele. CALR mutated patients have been previously reported to exhibit significantly prolonged thrombosis-free survival as compared to JAK2 mutated patients. Thus, our observation indicates that the 6q25.3 germline risk haplotype might impact on WBC count most strongly in a subgroup of patients considered low risk for thrombosis based on the somatic mutational status. The 6q25.3 core haplotype (R2 >0.3) spans ~300 kilobases, covering intergenic sequence as well as promoter and 5' exons of the TULP4 gene. To test for the possibility of a rare coding variant in TULP4 or other more distant genes underlying the association through long-range linkage disequilibrium, we used genotype imputation in conjunction with the 1000 genomes reference panel to infer genotypes on all untyped variants (MAF>1%) in a 5 megabase region centered on the core haplotype. We did not detect any coding variants reflecting the association, and the tag-SNPs from the initial GWAS remained the most strongly associated variants. Causative non-coding genetic variation identified in GWAS is thought to exert its function through differential regulation of specific target genes. Therefore, we evaluated a potential influence of the 6q25.3 risk haplotype on TULP4 gene expression in peripheral blood (The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) LAML dataset, RNA-Seq on 173 acute myeloid leukemia patients). Indeed we detected significantly decreased TULP4 expression in risk haplotype carriers (P =0.029), providing indirect evidence for reduced TULP4 transcript levels impacting on elevated risk for AT in MPN. Further studies will be required to functionally assess the potential role of TULP4 in MPN-related AT. Disclosures Gisslinger: Novartis: Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Geron: Consultancy; Sanofi Aventis: Consultancy; Janssen Cilag: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; AOP ORPHAN: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau. Kralovics:AOP Orphan: Research Funding; Qiagen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees.
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Day, Jacki, Allison Deal, Yue Wang, Benyam Muluneh, Daniel Crona, and Brandi Reeves. "Direct Oral Anticoagulants As Secondary Prophylaxis in Classical Myeloproliferative Neoplasms." Blood 132, Supplement 1 (November 29, 2018): 5468. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-116713.
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Abstract Introduction: Thrombosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with classical myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN), which include polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia and primary myelofibrosis. One third of patients with MPN suffer a thrombotic event, either arterial or venous. Despite this, there are no strong data to guide either the selection or duration of anticoagulants for MPN. Warfarin has been primarily used for long-term anticoagulation and is associated with a clear reduction in overall thrombotic events, however 20% of patients will have a recurrent thrombotic event despite ongoing warfarin anticoagulation, corresponding to a failure rate of 4-8% pt-yrs (AnnHematol 2015;94:911-918, Haematologica2008;93:372-380). The overall objective of this study was to evaluate recurrent thrombotic and major bleeding events in MPN-associated thrombosis treated with DOAC versus warfarin. Methods: The primary outcome was to compare the rate of thrombotic events in patients treated with DOAC versus warfarin for secondary thromboprophylaxis (treatment of first clot) among MPN patients. The secondary outcome compared the rate of bleeding events between the two groups. Electronic medical records for patients with a classical MPN diagnosis by PSVG criteria at the University of North Carolina Hospitals were queried to evaluate DOAC or warfarin medication orders between January 1, 2010 and May 31, 2017. Demographic laboratory data, concomitant medications, and incidence and severity of thrombotic or bleeding events were recorded for each MPN patient treated with a DOAC, warfarin, or aspirin. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize the population. Categorical variables were summarized as counts and percentages, while continuous variables were summarized as medians with first to third quartiles. The annual incidence of secondary thrombosis (ie: recurrent event) was calculated by dividing the number of events by the total number of patient-years (pt-yrs). 95% confidence intervals and comparisons were made using a Mid-P exact test. For all analyses, results were deemed significant if P<0.05. Results: We identified 38 total patients diagnosed with a classical MPN, who started either warfarin (n=33), a DOAC (n=4), or aspirin (n=1) for secondary thromboprophylaxis. Median age was 56 years (range 15-98), 40% were male, and 90% Caucasian. No significant differences in the baseline characteristics were observed (Table). For all patients, the initial thrombotic event occurred two years or less prior to the MPN diagnosis. Cytoreductive therapy with either hydroxyurea or anagrelide was used as additional secondary therapy in 28 patients. Patients who received cytoreductive therapy had similar rates of a second thrombus compared to those who did not. Six of the 34 patients who started on either warfarin or aspirin switched to a DOAC, where two of the six were switched after a bleeding event, and none experienced a second thrombus. Seventeen of the 33 patients who started on warfarin, experienced a clot while on therapy with total follow-up of 116.7 pt-yrs. Of those 17 patients, 4 switched to a DOAC and none experienced another thrombotic event at follow-up of 23.7 pt-yrs. The rate of secondary thrombus while on DOAC was 4.2 per 100 pt-yrs (95% CI: 0.2-20.8) compared with a warfarin rate of 14.6 per 100 pt-yrs (95% CI: 8.8-22.9), P=0.2. Eleven bleeding events occurred at a rate of 4.2 per 100 pt-yrs (95% CI: 0.2-20.8) on DOAC compared to 8.6 per 100 pt-yrs (95% CI: 4.4-15.3) on warfarin. This did not lead to a therapy switch in the one DOAC patient, but did lead to a switch in three of 10 warfarin patients (Table). Conclusion: These data suggest that DOACs are comparable to warfarin for preventing recurrent thrombotic events in MPN patients, with a similar risk of bleeding. There was a trend toward fewer thrombotic events in real world MPN-associated thrombosis treated with DOAC versus warfarin, though the small patient numbers do not allow definitive conclusions. Our data adds to the limited published experience using DOACs in MPN and strengthen rationale to pursue future prospective lines of inquiry that evaluate DOACs for secondary thromboprophylaxis in MPN patients. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Bak, Marie, Torben Lykke Sørensen, Esben Meulengracht Flachs, Ann-Dorthe Olsen Zwisler, Knud Juel, Henrik Frederiksen, and Hans Hasselbalch. "Are Chronic Myeloproliferative Neoplasms Associated with Age-Related Macular Degeneration?" Blood 126, no. 23 (December 3, 2015): 4444. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.4444.4444.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Background. Patients with Chronic Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (MPNs) already have increased comorbidity at time of diagnosis, and studies show association with ophthalmic manifestations. Retinal vascular symptoms including vascular occlusions and hemorrhages are present, but other manifestations of the eye have not been thoroughly investigated in these patients. Previously reported studies show signs of systemic inflammation in patients with MPN as well as in patients with Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD). Our hypothesis is that the presence of MPN predisposes some individuals to develop AMD and this might be explained by the degree of systemic inflammation. Objective. To describe the prevalence of Age-Related Macular Degeneration in patients with Chronic Myeloproliferative cancer at time of diagnosis compared to the general population in Denmark. Materials and Methods. We conducted a retrospective population-based matched cohort study using Danish registries. We included all patients age 18+ or older with a first listed diagnosis of MPN in the Danish National Patient Registry between 1994 and 2013. Patients with Essential Thrombocythemia (ET), Polycythemia Vera (PV), Myelofibrosis (MF), Unclassifiable MPN (MPN-U) and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) were included. To compare the prevalence of AMD with the general population we identified 10 sex-and-age matched individuals without MPN, for each corresponding patient. The controls were identified through the Danish Civil Registration System. Index date was defined as date of MPN diagnosis, and controls had to be alive at their corresponding patient's index date. We searched for all primary AMD diagnoses in the Danish National Patient Registry within a ten-year period preceding index date + 30 days. For all patients and controls, baseline characteristics, including smoking-related conditions (yes/no), were registered. We calculated number of events in all groups, including only patients' and controls' first AMD diagnosis. Prevalence of AMD at time of diagnosis was calculated using descriptive statistics. Results. We included 9679 patients (ET=2714; PV=3170; MF=600; MPN-U=1839; CML=1356) and a total of 96737 sex-and-age matched controls in the study. Mean age of included patients with MPN at time of diagnosis was: 64 years (ET); 66 (PV); 71 (MF); 70 (MPN-U) and 61 (CML) − all with comparable age-distribution in the matched control groups. There was a higher percentage of females in the ET group (65%), an equal sex-distribution in PV (females 49 %) and MPN-U (females 51 %) and a higher percentage of men in the CML group (59 %). Significant more patients with ET, PV and MPN-U had smoking related diagnoses compared to controls (p<0.05), but no differences were seen for patients with CML and MF. We found 220 MPN patients and 6 controls, who had AMD at time of diagnosis. Patients in all subgroups had a higher prevalence of AMD with 64 ET patients vs. 3 controls; 74 PV patients vs. 2 controls; 16 MF patients vs. 0 controls; 51 MPN-U patients vs. 1 control and 15 CML patients vs. 0 controls. Our results show that 2.3 % of all patients with MPN were diagnosed with AMD, including 2.6 % of Philadelphia-negative patients (ET, PV, MF and MPN-U) and 1.1 % of Philadelphia-positive CML patients. The corresponding values for controls with AMD diagnoses were: 0.006 % (Philadelphia-negative controls 0.007 % and CML controls 0 %). In summary, we found that the patients with MPN had a higher prevalence of AMD, at time of diagnosis, compared to the general population in Denmark. Conclusion. Chronic Myeloproliferative cancers are associated with Age-Related Macular Degeneration at time of diagnosis. Patients with all MPN subtypes have an increased prevalence of AMD compared to the general population. Our results show the need for further studies to establish if the association is present, not only at time of diagnosis, but also during the course of the cancer diseases. We are currently analyzing incidence rates after diagnosis, and influence of potential confounders and effect modifiers. Our preliminary results suggest that the association between AMD and MPN is also present after diagnosis. Clinical studies are needed to investigate whether the association represents a causal relationship or if confounders are accountable for the findings. Disclosures Hasselbalch: Novartis: Research Funding.
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Fedorov, I. I. "Colpotomia post. or keliotomia vaginalis post., as a method of treatment of uterine appendages and their neoplasms." Journal of obstetrics and women's diseases 9, no. 9 (December 23, 2020): 775–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/jowd99775-787.
Full textAbstract:
In 1857 W. Atlee for the first time made an attempt to use the incision of the vagina, in the posterior fornix, to remove the degenerated ovary. This operation is colpotomia post. later it was repeated by some of the gynecologists (G. Thomas, Davis, R. Battey) and, according to Mignon's statistics, before 1878, there were already up to 113 colpotomy in the literature. However, this method was soon completely abandoned. There were several reasons for this; The main thing can be considered the fact that at this time, that is, in 70-80 years, thanks to the beginning of the adoption of the basis of antiseptics in surgery, gynecology entered a new era of development of its therapy and the womb was broken by the operation, on which sympathies and attention of all gynecologists. The enthusiasm for this method of treatment, which among some of the operators reached the pruritus secandi, brought enormous services to the development of our science. Tubes and ovaries removed during the womb - these trophies of unreasonably "useless uvuchіy", have enriched the pathology rooms with extremely valuable material for a detailed study of the pathology and physiology of female reproductive development of organs.
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Evdakov, V. A., M. N. Banteva, E. M. Manoshkina, and Y. Y. Melnikov. "Efficiency indicators of the round-the-clock hospital beds of the oncologic profile in the Russian Federation." Manager Zdravoochranenia, no. 10 (2020): 12–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.37690/1811-0185-2020-10-12-18.
Full textAbstract:
The steady growth trend of oncological diseases in Russia in recent years requires a response from the health care system: development of prevention aimed at early detection of diseases; improvement of methods of diagnostics and treatment of oncopathology; improving the quality and effectiveness of medical care. A i m : to identify trends in changes of the neoplasms incidence and performance indicators of oncological beds for round-the-clock stay of the state health care system in the Russian Federation, federal districts and regions of the Russian Federation in dynamics for 2010–2019. M a t e r i a l s a n d m e t h o d s . Using the data of federal statistical observation (forms NoNo. 12, 30) by the method of descriptive statistics, the main indicators of the neoplasms incidence in the population are analyzed, as well as the work of round-the-clock oncological beds in the Russian Federation, federal districts and regions of the Russian Federation in dynamics for 2010–2019. R e s u l t s . On the background of an increase in the neoplasms incidence in the population (by 24.9%), including malignant (1.5 times), for the period 2010–2019 in the Russian Federation increased: the absolute number of oncology beds of round-the-clock stay from 30,970 to 36,186 (+ 16.8%), the provision with these beds from 2.17 to 2.47 per 10,000 population (+ 13.8%), hospitalization rate from 6.1 to 9.6 per 1000 population (+ 57.4%), and decreased: the average length of stay in an oncological bed (from 12.1 days to 8.4 – by 30.6%), as well as the average bed occupancy per year (from 345 to 330 days – by 4.3%). The extreme values of the indicators of the hospitalization rate for round-the-clock oncological beds in the regions of the Russian Federation in 2019 differ 12.8 times, the provision of these beds – 9.2 times, the average bed occupancy per year – 1.5 times, the average length of stay in a bed – 2.4 times. Mortality in oncological hospital beds increased from 0.76% in 2010 to 0.95% in 2019 (by 25%). C o n c l u s i o n . The 24-hour oncological bed capacity, against the background of the growth of oncological morbidity, has naturally increased, but at the same time it is characterized by an extreme disproportionality of development in the Federal Districts and the regions of the Russian Federation. Optimization of the bed fund should be carried out based on the objective needs of a particular region, taking into account its characteristics and with the simultaneous development of alternative medical services.
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Pogodina, V. A., A. I. Babenko, E. A. Babenko, and N. A. Gusel’nikova. "Comparative assessment of morbidity of the population above working age in the Russian Federation and Novosibirsk region." Kazan medical journal 97, no. 5 (October 15, 2016): 780–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.17750/kmj2016-780.
Full textAbstract:
Aim. To conduct a comparative analysis of the overall morbidity of the population above working age (55 years for women and 60 years for men) in the Russian Federation and Novosibirsk region according to the data of patient attendance in 2009-2014.Methods. The method of computing the mean value with amplitude of fluctuations by years, the analytical method were used. The data of official statistical compilations: Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat), «Healthcare in Russia» and «Russian Statistical Yearbook» were analyzed.Results. The difference in increase in the morbidity rate between the Russian Federation (42.4‰), and the Novosibirsk region (85.8‰) was 43.4‰, with difference of 36.0‰ in the value fluctuation amplitude by years. The main differences in the prevalence of diseases in the Russian Federation are characterized by higher rates of musculoskeletal system and connective tissue disorders, diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, urogenital disorders, diseases of the ear and mastoid process (an increase by 23.2; 19.5; 18.9 and 12.8%, respectively), and in the Novosibirsk region - diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs, endocrine disorders, neoplasms, certain infectious diseases, injury and poisoning, digestive system diseases (by 33.3; 28.1; 16.8; 14.9; 13.5 and 11.1%, respectively).Conclusion. Morbidity of the population above working age is higher in the Novosibirsk region; the differences in the indices of morbidity structure between the Russian Federation and the Novosibirsk region were identified.
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Бантьева, М., M. Bant'eva, Е. Маношкина, E. Manoshkina, Т. Соколовская, and T. Sokolovskaya. "DYNAMICS OF INCIDENCE AND CHRONIC PATHOLOGY IN CHILDREN IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION." Clinical Medicine and Pharmacology 5, no. 3 (October 30, 2019): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5db94d5fcb56b2.39012141.
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The health condition of the Russian Federation children has been characterized by negative trends in the past thirty years. The aim of the study is to identify the main trends in the total and for the first time in the life registered incidence in children 0–14 years old in the Russian Federation, as well as to monitor the quantity and dynamics of the indicator of chronicity of diseases. The data of form N12 of the federal statistical observation for the period 2000–2018 are analyzed, using the method of descriptive statistics. A significant increase was revealed both in the total incidence of girls (by 19.0%) and for the first time in the life registered incidence (by 19.3%). The maximum increase in total incidence is observed for the following classes of diseases: neoplasms (2.3 times), congenital anomalies (malformations) (1.8 times), diseases of nervous system (1.5 times), diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (1.4 times). The growth for the first time in life registered incidence was revealed for the following classes: neoplasms (2 times), congenital anomalies (malformations) (1.6 times), diseases of the respiratory system (1.3 times). High figures of the chronicity index aggregative for all classes of diseases (1.262 in 2000 year and 1.259 in 2018 year) reflect the high level of chronic pathology in children 0–14 years old, what is an unfavorable characteristic of their health condition. An analysis of the chronization index of the diseases revealed its maximum growth for: asthma, asthmatic status (71.1%), allergic rhinitis
(hay fever) (43.0%), diseases characterized by high blood pressure (41.9%), urolithiasis (30.9%). The greatest decrease in the chronicity index was revealed by the following nosologies: cerebral palsy (19.8%), chronic and unspecified bronchitis, emphysema (18.7%), gallbladder and biliary tract disease (16.2%), and blood coagulation disorders (12.6%). The health of children determines the health of the nation in the nearest future; therefore, the issues of its preservation and
improvement require thorough attention.
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Ettrich, Thomas Jens, Andreas Wolfgang Berger, Daniel Schwerdel, Anke C. Reinacher-Schick, Waldemar Uhl, Hana Alguel, Helmut Friess, et al. "A blood-based assay for diagnosis of early-stage pancreatic cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 4_suppl (February 1, 2019): 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.4_suppl.234.
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234 Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a dismal prognosis. Biomarker are needed to facilitate early and preferably noninvasive detection of PDAC, which directly may influence patients’ prognosis. Here we aimed to test a new biomarker combination for early PDAC, consisting of thrombospondin-2 (THBS2), CA19-9 and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis. Methods: Thirty-nine patients with histologically proven and clearly resectable PDAC (recruited from the NEONAX trial, NCT02047513) were enrolled. Fifteen patients with benign pancreatic disease (intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasms, IPMN) served as controls. Blood samples were collected prior treatment. KRAS genotyping was performed after isolation of ctDNA from plasma (QIAamp MinElute ccfDNA Kit, Qiagen) by digital droplet PCR ( KRAS Screening Multiplex Kit; QX200 system, both: Bio-Rad). Clinical data and CA 19-9 levels were assessed by ELISA (Roche); THBS2 values were determined by Quantikine ELISA Human Thrombospondin-2 (R&D Systems). Statistical analyses were done by using GraphPad Prism Version 7.00, GraphPad Software, Inc. Results: THBS2 had a c-statistic of 0.73 for all PDAC stages which was comparable to that of CA 19-9 (0.78). The c-statistic was improved to 0.94 by combining CA 19-9, THBS2 and total cfDNA amount. This marker combination performed best for all stages. C-statistics of defined PDAC stages was 0.93, 1.00 and 0.92 for stage I, stage II and stage III, respectively. Of note, the biggest improvement in sensitivity and specificity was seen for stage I PDAC. Here, c-statistic improved from 0.69 or 0.85 for CA 19-9 alone or the combination of CA 19-9 and THBS2, respectively, to 0.93 for the three-marker combination. Conclusions: These data underscore that CA 19-9, THBS2 and cfDNA marker combination constitutes a composite liquid biomarker for non-invasive diagnosis of early-stage PDAC with a remarkable specificity. Larger studies are needed to examine the power of this approach.