Academic literature on the topic 'Neoplastic effusions'
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Journal articles on the topic "Neoplastic effusions"
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Nestor, Derek D., Sheila M. McCullough, and David J. Schaeffer. "Biochemical Analysis of Neoplastic Versus Nonneoplastic Abdominal Effusions in Dogs." Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 40, no. 5 (September 1, 2004): 372–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5326/0400372.
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This prospective study of 15 dogs evaluated biochemical parameters in abdominal effusions of neoplastic and nonneoplastic origin in an attempt to identify markers for malignant effusions. Dogs in the neoplastic group had statistically significant lower glucose concentrations (mean, 72.6 mg/dL versus 110.0 mg/dL; P=0.0431) and higher lactate levels (mean, 3.81 mmol/L versus 1.68 mmol/L; P=0.0377) in their abdominal fluid than did dogs in the nonneoplastic group, indicating that low glucose and high lactate in abdominal effusions may be markers for neoplasia.
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Lissoni, Paolo, Sandro Barni, Antonio Ardizzoia, Franco Paolorossi, Elisabetta Tisi, Sergio Crispino, and Gabriele Tancini. "Intracavitary Administration of Interleukin-2 as Palliative Therapy for Neoplastic Effusions." Tumori Journal 78, no. 2 (April 1992): 118–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030089169207800211.
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Cytokines have recently appeared to be effective in the palliative therapy of neoplastic effusions. The present study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy and the tolerability of an intracavitary injection of IL-2 in patients with neoplastic effusion due to solid tumors. The study included 14 patients with cytologically positive effusion (pleura, 11; peritoneum, 2; pericardium, 1). Tumor histotypes were: mesothelioma, 5; non-small cell lung cancer, 3; breast cancer, 2; ovarian cancer, 2; cervix carcinoma, 1; unknown primary tumor, 1. The efficacy was evaluated according to the criteria of Paladine et al. (Cancer 38: 1903, 1976). An objective response was achieved in 10/14 (71 %) patients (4 CR, 6 PR), with a median duration of 4 months (range, 2-8). No important toxicity was seen. This preliminary study showed that low dose IL-2 given intracavitarily is an effective and well-tolerated therapy in patients with neoplastic effusions.
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Nunes, Nilson Júnior da Silva, Naila Cristina Blatt Duda, Juliana Pereira Matheus, Ana Paula Soares Borenstein, Bruno Albuquerque de Almeida, and Stella De Faria Valle. "Approach to Classification of Cavitary Effusion and Comparison between Manual and Automatic Methods for Total Nucleated Cell Count." Acta Scientiae Veterinariae 46, no. 1 (September 17, 2018): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/1679-9216.84760.
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Background: Two classifications are used to categorize cavitary effusions using total nucleated cell count (TNCC): protein concentration and pathophysiology of its formation. The aims of the present study were to evaluate the correlation between the TNCC values of cavitary effusions obtained in the automatic and the manual method, and also evaluating the classification methodology. Materials, Methods & Results: Cavitary effusions were analyzed for physical, chemical and cytological aspects, as well as manual and automatic cell counts for the correlation between the traditional methods and those suggested by Stockham & Scott. Bland-Altman regression and Spearman correlation analysis were performed. Of the total, 44 were abdominal effusions (73.3%), 15 thoracic (25%) and 1 pericardial (1.7%). According to the traditional classification, most of the effusions were classified as modified transudates (40%) and according to the classification of Stockham and Scott, as transudates poor in protein (31.7%). The correlation between cell counting techniques between pure, modified and exudate transudates was 0.94, 0.97 and 0.94, respectively, indicating an excellent correlation between the parameters (p = 0.95%).Discussion: Considering the concentration of proteins and CCNT, the effusions classified as modified transudate were mainly caused by neoplastic processes (carcinomas/adenocarcinomas), since there are several mechanisms of their formation, such as large variation of protein concentration. According to the Stockham & Scott classification a unique classification is considered for exfoliative neoplastic effusions, the variation of the protein concentration of the effusion does not alter its classification. In neoplastic effusions, classified as exudates, lymphomas were the most prevalent, and hypercellularity (approximately 150,000 cells / μL) allowed this classification. When considering low-protein transudates, the findings related to low concentrations did not differ much from the traditional classification. In the ruptures of viscera and vessels, the hemorrhagic ones were the most frequent, thus, the cytological diagnosis is essential, since it can give information about the contamination with blood during the collection. Most of these were due to neoplasia as the underlying cause. A case of chylotorax was diagnosed by comparing cholesterol and triglyceride values of effusion and serum. In cases of uroperitoneum, the presence of urine in the abdominal cavity promotes the dilution of the fluid from the cavity, being initially classified as pure transudate and, with its permanence in the cavity, increasing the CCNT, becomes an exudate. As in cases of exfoliative neoplastic effusions, the classification of the uroperitoneum, according to Stockham & Scott, is classified directly into effusion due to rupture of the viscera, giving a quick and clear diagnosis. According to Stockham & Scott, cases classified as nonseptic exudates (n = 3), two of which resulted from feline infectious peritonitis (PIF). The effusive form of PIF presents with accumulations of fluid in the abdomen, having an inflammatory character, but according to the traditional classification, they enter the category of modified transudates, because, despite containing protein concentrations close to or above the serum level, they present a CCNT lower than an exudate. Cavitary effusions were classified as septic exudates when intracellular bacteria were present and in the present study, two effusions were classified as such in two patients, one with septic peritonitis and in the other the final diagnosis was not found. The high values of Spearman correlation coefficients found when comparing the automatic counts with the manual demonstrate that there is an excellent correlation between the methods and, the Bland-Altman test showed significant agreement between them.
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Gulyas, Miklos, Janos Fillinger, Andras D. Kaposi, and Miklos Molnar. "Use of cholesterol and soluble tumour markers CEA and syndecan-2 in pleural effusions in cases of inconclusive cytology." Journal of Clinical Pathology 72, no. 8 (April 26, 2019): 529–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jclinpath-2018-205650.
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AimsIn order to improve diagnostics in pleural effusions, additional value of effusion cholesterol, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and syndecan-2 assays to cytology was studied.MethodsBiomarkers were measured in effusion supernatants from 247 patients, of whom 126 had malignant pleural involvement, and their additional diagnostic efficacy to cytology was assessed.ResultsSyndecan-2 measurement, although gave detectable concentrations in all effusions with highest median value in mesotheliomas, was non-discriminative between different pathological conditions. CEA concentrations exceeding 5 ng/mL cut-off point indicated carcinomas, regardless of pleural involvement, which gave a sensitivity of 62% and specificity of 100% for carcinoma. Cholesterol concentration over 1.21 mmol/L cut-off value indicated neoplastic pleural involvement with 99% sensitivity and ‘merely’ 69% specificity, the latter mainly due to raised levels being associated also with benign inflammatory effusions. Combined CEA and cholesterol determinations increased the sensitivity for diagnosing carcinomatosis from 70% with cytology alone to 84% and established the correct diagnosis in 16 of 31 carcinomatosis cases with inconclusive cytology. Cholesterol measurement alone, with elevated level, in combination with absence of substantial number of inflammatory cells in effusion sediment proved to be a magnificent marker for neoplastic pleural involvement with 99% efficacy, and recognised all 36 such cases with inconclusive cytology.ConclusionsSimultaneous measurement of CEA and cholesterol concentrations in effusion, or at least cholesterol alone, in combination with non-inflammatory fluid cytology, provides additional specific information about neoplastic pleural involvement, and can therefore be used as an adjunct to cytology, above all, in inconclusive cases.
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Cozzi, Sergio, Sergio Montanara, Annalisa Luraschi, Paola Fedeli, Paola Buscaglia, Vincenzina Amodei, Ornella Fossati, Aldo Gioria, Elisabetta Garzoli, and Gianmarco Ferrari. "Management of Neoplastic Pericardial Effusions." Tumori Journal 96, no. 6 (January 2010): 926–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/548.6510.
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Teixeira, L. V., T. A. Guerra, F. O. Conrado, S. R. Terra, D. G. Gerardi, and F. H. D. González. "Evaluation of tumor markers carcinoembryonic antigen, cytokeratin 19 fragment and cancer-associated antigen 72-4 in neoplastic and non-neoplastic canine effusions differentiation." Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia 66, no. 5 (October 2014): 1311–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-6820.
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The concentration of tumor markers in body fluids can be used for diagnosis and prognosis of patients. This study aimed to investigate the performance of tumor markers cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA 21-1), cancer-associated antigen 72-4 (CA 72-4) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in the neoplastic and non-neoplastic canine effusions. In thirty-two neoplastic (n=16) and non-neoplastic (n=16) samples of canine thoracic or abdominal effusions, tumor markers were measured. Significant statistical difference was found only for the CYFRA 21-1 marker. The levels were significantly higher for the neoplastic group. The lack of significance between groups for markers CA 72-4 and CEA can be explained by the presence of other diseases in the non-neoplastic group, causing elevated levels of these markers. This study concludes that CYFRA 21-1 performed well, showing good sensitivity, specificity and accuracy in the diagnosis of neoplastic effusions in dogs. However, further investigations are necessary in patients with malignancy as those with benign effusions.
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Martinoni, Alessandro, Carlo Maria Cipolla, Maurizio Civelli, Daniela Cardinale, Guiseppina Lamantia, Marco Colleoni, Filippo DeBraud, et al. "Intrapericardial Treatment of Neoplastic Pericardial Effusions." Herz 25, no. 8 (December 2000): 787–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/pl00001998.
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Feldman, Bernhard F., Erik Brummerstedt, Liselotte S. Larsen, and Steen Larsen. "Fibronectin in Neoplastic Peritoneal Effusions in Dogs." Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 29, no. 3-4 (September 1988): 273–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/bf03548618.
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Chhabra, Akansha, Vikramjit Mukherjee, Mudit Chowdhary, Mauricio Danckers, and David Fridman. "Black Pleural Effusion: A Unique Presentation of Metastatic Melanoma." Case Reports in Oncology 8, no. 2 (May 7, 2015): 222–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000430907.
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Metastatic melanoma is a rare form of skin cancer, but one that comes with a high mortality rate. Pulmonary involvement is frequently seen in metastatic melanoma with only 2% of malignant melanoma patients with thorax metastasis presenting with pleural effusions. Herein, we report an extremely rare case of black pleural effusion from thoracic metastasis of cutaneous malignant melanoma. A 74-year-old man with known metastatic melanoma presented with a 1-month history of worsening lower back and hip pain and was found to have extensive osseous metastatic disease and multiple compression fractures. The patient underwent an uneventful kyphoplasty; however, the following day, he became acutely hypoxic and tachypneic with increased oxygen requirements. Radiographic evaluation revealed new bilateral pleural effusions. Bedside thoracentesis revealed a densely exudative, lymphocyte-predominant black effusion. Cytological examination showed numerous neoplastic cells with melanin deposition. A diagnosis of thoracic metastasis of malignant melanoma was established based on the gross and microscopic appearance of the pleural fluid. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of black pleural effusions secondary to metastatic melanoma in the United States. Despite the rarity of this presentation, it is important to determine the etiology of the black pleural effusion and to keep metastatic melanoma as a differential diagnosis.
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Rahman, Md Lutfar, Mohammad Arifur Rahman, and Nizam Uddin Ahmed. "Management of Malignant Pleural Effusions." KYAMC Journal 9, no. 4 (January 31, 2019): 182–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/kyamcj.v9i4.40151.
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Malignant pleural effusions (MPE) are a common clinical problem in patients with neoplastic disease. In adults, 95% of neoplastic pleural effusions arise from a metastatic source, with lung and breast carcinoma accounting for 75% of all cases. Median survival following diagnosis ranges from 3 to 12 months and is dependent on the stage and type of the underlying malignancy. Most pleural metastases arise from tumor emboli to the visceral pleural surface, with secondary seeding to the parietal pleura. Other possible mechanisms include direct tumor invasion, hematogenous spread to parietal pleura, and lymphatic involvement. Dyspnoea is the most common presenting symptom and is occasionally accompanied by chest pain and cough. Chest radiographs confirm the size and location of the pleural collection. Thoracocentesis is usually diagnostic and also therapeutic. Exudative and hemorrhagic collections should be considered metastatic until proved otherwise. Various modalities are available in the management of MPE. Careful consideration of the patient's expected survival and quality of life is needed when deciding the optimum treatment modality in such patients.
KYAMC Journal Vol. 9, No.-4, January 2019, Page 182-189
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Neoplastic effusions"
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Teixeira, Luciele Varaschini. "Marcadores tumorais bioquímicos e imunocitoquímicos em efusões neoplásicas caninas." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/48966.
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As efusões cavitárias são de ocorrência frequente na rotina clínica de cães. Na maior parte dos casos são efusões benignas, causadas por distúrbios hidrostáticos do sistema circulatório. As neoplasias são causas comuns de efusões em cães, contudo, nem sempre as células tumorais são encontradas no exame citopatológico. A dosagem de marcadores tumorais e o exame imunocitoquímico são alternativas para tornar o diagnóstico de neoplasia em efusões mais preciso. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram dosar os seguintes marcadores tumorais bioquímicos: antígeno carcinoembrionário (CEA), antígeno associado a câncer 72-4 (CA 72-4) e fragmento de citoqueratina 21-1 (CYFRA 21-1), que ainda não tiveram seu desempenho avaliado em efusões neoplásicas e não neoplásicas caninas, bem como marcadores imunocitoquímicos que incluem dois novos anticorpos primários (MOC-31 e D2-40) para a diferenciação entre carcinoma e mesotelioma. Trinta e duas amostras de líquidos cavitários abdominais e torácicos, provenientes do atendimento clínico do Hospital de Clínicas Veterinárias da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul foram analisadas. De acordo com o exame citopatológico e ficha clínica do animal essas efusões foram classificadas em dois grupos: neoplásico e não neoplásico. A dosagem dos marcadores tumorais foi realizada pelo método imunoenzimático sanduíche (ELISA), conforme as instruções dos fabricantes. Para a avaliação imunocitoquímica foram utilizadas 14 amostras de efusões neoplásicas. A técnica foi realizada pelo método estreptavidina-biotina ligada a peroxidase ou a fosfatase alcalina, utilizando-se como cromógeno o DAB. Os marcadores tumorais CEA e CA 72-4 não tiveram resultados significativos na diferenciação entre efusões neoplásicas e não neoplásicas, enquanto que o CYFRA 21-1 obteve sensibilidade de 70%, especificidade de 94% e acurácia de 81% para o diagnóstico neoplásico. Em todas as amostras neoplásicas, imunocitoquímica e citopatologia foram compatíveis, verificando-se como válida a padronização dos novos anticorpos para a espécie canina. Este estudo demonstrou que novos marcadores tumorais, tanto bioquímicos como imunocitoquímicos, podem ser empregados no diagnóstico de neoplasias caninas. O marcador tumoral CYFRA 21-1 deve ser utilizado como auxílio diagnóstico para a espécie canina e os anticorpos MOC-31 e D2-40 devem ser incluídos em painéis imunocitoquímicos de rotina para a diferenciação entre carcinomas e mesoteliomas em efusões neoplásicas.The cavity effusions frequently occur in the clinical routine of dogs. In most cases the effusions are benign caused by circulatory system disorders. Neoplasms are common causes of effusions in dogs, however not always the tumor cells are found in cytopathologycal analysis. The dosage of tumor markers is an alternative to make the neoplastic effusion diagnosis more accurate. The aims of this work were to determine the following biochemical tumor markers: carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cancer antigen 72-4 (CA 72-4) and cytokeratin fragment 21-1 (CYFRA 21-1), which have not had their performance evaluated in canine neoplastic and non-neoplastic effusions, as well as immunocytochemical markers including two new primary antibodies (MOC-31 and D2-40) for differentiation between carcinoma and mesothelioma tumors. Thrirtytwo samples of abdominal and thoracic cavity fluids, from the clinical care of the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul were analyzed. According to the cytopathology test and patient’s clinical record the effusions were classified in two groups: neoplastic or non-neoplastic. The tumor markers measurement was performed by sandwich enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) according to the manufacturer instructions. Fourteen neoplastic samples were used for the immunocytochemical tests. The tests were performed by streptavidin-biotin method linked to peroxidase or to alkaline phosphatase using the DAB chromogen. The tumor markers CEA and CA 72-4 had no significant results for differentiating between neoplastic and non neoplastic effusions, whereas the tumor marker CYFRA 21-1 obtained 70% of sensibility, 94% of specificity and 81% of accuracy for the neoplastic diagnosis. In all neoplastic samples the immunocytochemical and cytological tests were compatible, which make valid their use for standardization of those new antibodies for the canine species. This study demonstrated that new tumor markers both biochemical and immunocytochemical could be used in the canine neoplastic diagnosis. The tumor marker CYFRA 21-1 must be used for the canine species, and the antibodies MOC-31 and D2-40 must be included in routine immunocytochemistry panel for the differenciation between carcinoma and mesothelioma in neoplastic effusions.
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Costa, Maria Andrade Ferreira da. "Derrame pericárdico em cães e gatos." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/14540.
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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina VeterináriaO derrame pericárdico é a afeção pericárdica mais comum em cães e gatos, consistindo na acumulação excessiva de líquido no espaço pericárdico. Em cães, predominam os derrames sanguinolentos de origem neoplásica ou de origem idiopática. O derrame pericárdico de etiologia neoplásica está associado a um mau prognóstico, contrariamente à pericadite idiopática. Em gatos, a principal causa de derrame pericárdico é a insuficiência cardíaca congestiva. A neoplasia cardíaca mais comum em cães é o hemagiossarcoma; em gatos, é o linfoma. A ecocardiografia é considerada essencial para a identificação destes derrames, tendo sensibilidade e especificidade elevadas para a detecção de massas cardíacas. Em caso de tamponamento, é necessária pericardiocentese. Esta dissertação inclui um estudo retrospectico de 18 cães com derrame pericárdico. Os critérios de inclusão foram a realização de ecocardiografia, confirmando a presença do derrame, e a realização pericardiocentese. A maioria dos cães era de raça identerminada (n=7), seguida das raças Labrador Retriever (4) e Bull Terrier (2); o peso médio foi 31 kg, o número de machos igualou o das fêmeas, e a idade média foi 10 anos. Os sinais clínicos mais frequentes foram intolerância ao exercício (n=13), distenção abdominal (11) e letargia/prostração (10). A neoplasia cardíaca foi a principal etiologia (n=11), seguida da pericardite idiopática (4). Foram mais frequentes as massas cardíacas localizadas na base do coração (6), comparativamente às massas no átrio direito (3). Os dignósticos foram maioritariamente presumptivos. Onze cães morreram (eutanásia em 8) e apenas um continuava vivo durante o estudo. Não se obteve o desfecho para 6 cães. No último capítulo consta a descrição do caso de um gato com mesotelioma pericárdico do tipo sarcomatóide. Este animal também apresentava derrame pericárdico. Os principais sinais clínicos foram anorexia, perda de peso e intolerância ao excercício. O exame ecocardiográfico identificou o derrame, bem como as lesões neolpásicas. O gato morreu 3 dias depois do diagnóstico. Ao exame post mortem, a superfície cardíaca encontrava-se coberta de formações nodulares, firmes e esbranquiçadas. Foi feita análise histopatógica, incluindo estudos imunohistoquímicos. O diagnóstico de mesotelioma baseou-se na marcação simultânea de citoqueratina (AE1/AE3/PKC26) e de vimentina (V9); as características histológicas desta neoplasia confirmaram o seu carácter sarcomatóide. Os mesoteliomas cardíacos são raros em gatos e o prognóstico não é animador.
ABSTRACT - Pericardial effusion in dogs and cats - Pericardial effusion is the most common pericardial disorder in dogs and cats. It is defined as excess or abnormal fluid accumulation in the pericardial sac. In dogs, most pericardial effusions are of neoplastic or idiopathic aetiology, and usually sanguineous. The neoplastic cause is associated with a poor prognosis, contrasting with idiopathic pericarditis. In cats, pericardial effusions are most commonly associated with congestive heart failure. Hemangiossarcoma is the most common cardiac neoplasm in dogs, and lymphoma is the most common in cats. Echocardiography is considered essential for pericardial effusion diagnosis, and it has high sensitivity and specificity for cardiac masses detection. Animals with cardiac tamponade should be treated with pericardiocentesis. The present dissertation contains a retrospective study about 18 dogs with pericardial effusion. Dogs where included when echocardiography (confirming the effusion) and pericardiocentesis were performed. Mixed breed dogs were more frequent (n=11), followed by Labrador Retrievers (4) and Bull Terriers (2); the average weight was 31 kg, males and females where equally represented, and the average age was 10 years. The most common presenting clinical signs included exercise intolerance (n=13), abdominal distension (11) and lethargy/prostration (10). Cardiac neoplasia was the main cause (n=11), followed by idiopathic pericarditis (4). Heart base masses were more common (6) when compared with right atrial masses (3). In this study, most diagnoses were presumptive. Eleven dogs died (8 euthanized) and only one dog was alive during the study. For 6 dogs it was not possible to close the case. The last chapter of this dissertation contains a case report of pericardial sarcomatoid mesothelioma in a cat. This animal also had pericardial effusion. The main presenting complaints were anorexia, weight loss and exercise intolerance. Echocardiography revealed pericardial effusion and neoplastic lesions. The cat died 3 days after the presentation and diagnosis. The post mortem exam revealed several nodules covering the heart surface; they were firm and whitish. Histopathological and immunohistochemical exams were performed. Concerning immunohistochemistry, the coexpression of cytokeratin (AE1/AE3/PKC26) and vimentin (V9) supported the diagnosis of mesothelioma; histopathologic examination established the mesothelioma subtype (sarcomatoid). Mesotheliomas are rare tumours in domestic cats, and they have poor prognosis.
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Grave, Patrícia Isabel Rodrigues. "Derrame pleural em gato : estudo retrospetivo de 73 casos, entre 2010 e 2015." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/13581.
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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina VeterináriaO Derrame Pleural (DP) é uma afeção que resulta da acumulação excessiva de líquido na cavidade pleural. O DP é mais comum em gatos do que em cães e manifesta-se frequentemente através de dispneia, taquipneia, posição ortopneica e respiração abdominal. Este trabalho destina-se a sensibilizar para um diagnóstico definitivo da causa subjacente ao DP pois a sua apresentação clínica pode ser bastante semelhante independentemente da sua origem. Com este trabalho, pretendeu-se detetar qual a etiologia mais frequente do DP e com que tipo de derrame mais se relaciona, de acordo com a classificação laboratorial. Também foram avaliados os fatores de risco para cada etiologia e o prognóstico expectável para estes casos. Esta dissertação incluiu um estudo em 73 gatos com DP, observando-se uma maior expressão de DP secundários a neoplasia, representando 49.3% da amostra seguido de DP secundário a Insuficiência cardíaca congestiva (ICC), que representou 34.2%. Num menor número de casos, foram identificados 4 gatos com Piotórax, 4 com Peritonite infeciosa felina (PIF), 2 com Pneumonia e 2 com Quilotórax Idiopático (QI). Nos DP secundários a ICC, a principal causa encontrada foi a cardiomiopatia hipertrófica (CMH). Em relação aos casos de neoplasia, 44% do grupo tinha carcinoma mamário e 33% linfoma mediastínico. Neste estudo verificou-se a exatidão de alguns fatores de risco como guias para a deteção da etiologia do DP, por exemplo: na relação entre animais jovens e/ou positivos a FeLV que desenvolveram linfoma mediastínico; a maior prevalência de gatas a partir dos 9 anos de idade e que não tinham sido esterilizadas ou que tinham sido depois dos 2 anos de idade e que desenvolveram carcinoma mamário; a relação entre gatos machos e/ou da raça Persa com ICC. Por outro lado, observou-se para uma dada etiologia o mesmo tipo de DP, segundo a classificação do laboratório, ou seja, a presença de transudado modificado mais relacionado com ICC, o exsudado não séptico mais relacionado com causa neoplásica e o desenvolvimento de quilotórax mais relacionado com doença cardíaca do que com QI. O mau prognóstico de DP, na grande maioria dos casos, revelou que este é um sinal de avançado estado da doença subjacente, pelo que 74.5% dos animais faleceram ou foram sujeitos a eutanásia em menos de 6 meses após o respetivo diagnóstico. Para os casos de doença cardíaca e neoplasia o diagnóstico mais precoce poderia retardar algumas complicações como o DP e isso poderia manifestar-se num aumento da sobrevida desses gatos.
ABSTRACT - Pleural effusion (PE) is the abnormal accumulation of fluid within the pleural cavity. PE is more common in cats than in dogs, and manifests itself through dyspnea, tachypnea and abdominal breathing. The goal of this study is to highlight the importance of making a definitive diagnosis of the underlying cause of PE, because its clinical presentation can be quite similar regardless of the cause. This study intended to detect the most frequent etiology of PE and make a link with the type of effusion with which it is most closely related, according to the laboratory classification. The risk factors for each etiology and expected prognosis for these cases were also evaluated. This dissertation included a study of 73 cats with PE. Of the total number of cats 49.3% had PE due to neoplasia and in 34.2% it was due to congestive heart failure (CHF). In a smaller number of cases, PE was found in 4 cats with piothorax4 cats with Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), 2 cats with pneumonia and 2 with IQ. In the cases of PE secondary to CHF, the main cause was hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Regarding the cases of neoplasia, 44% had mammary carcinoma and 33% mediastinal lymphoma. In this study we verified the existence of some risk factors regarding the etiology of PE. For example: the link between young and / or FeLV positive animals that developed mediastinal lymphoma; the high prevalence of female cats aged 9 years and older who had not been sterilized or who had been so after 2 years of age and developed breast carcinoma; the relationship between male and / or Persian cats with CHF was also verified. Futhermore, according to the laboratory classification, the same type of PE was observed for a particular etiology, ie, modified transudate was found to be more related to CHF, nonseptic exudate was more related to neoplastic causes and chylothorax was more related with cardiac disease than with IQ. In general the poor prognosis of PE was due to the advanced stage of the underlying illness: 74.5% of the animals died or were euthanized in less than 6 months after their diagnosis. For cases of cardiac pathology and neoplasia early diagnosis could delay some complications such as PD and this could manifest it self as an increase in the survival rate of these cats.
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Books on the topic "Neoplastic effusions"
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Płońska-Gościniak, Edyta, Michal Ciurzynski, Marcin Fijalkowski, Piotr Gosciniak, Piotr Szymanski, Tomasz Pasierski, Daniel Rodriguez Muñoz, and José Luis Zamorano. Cardiac involvement in systemic diseases. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198726012.003.0057.
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Cardiovascular features in systemic diseases are common. Transthoracic echocardiography represents a first-line diagnostic tool among these patients. Pericarditis is the most frequent cardiac complication of rheumatoid arthritis. In systemic lupus erythematosus, echocardiography shows usually small or moderate pericardial effusion in up to 55% of patients. In this group, Libman-Sacks vegetations develop mainly on the mitral valve but also can be seen on other valves. Pulmonary hypertension is one of the most important complications adversely influencing survival of systemic sclerosis patients. In antiphospholipid syndrome, the most common echocardiographic abnormality is diffuse or focal leaflet thickening, seen in 40-60% of subjects. Among Marfan syndrome patients, aortic root aneurysm is the most dangerous complication. In this chapter the authors also report the echocardiographic abnormalities occurring in rare systemic diseases including carcinoid, haemochromatosis, sarcoidosis, and amyloidosis. Moreover, echocardiographic changes in neoplastic disease and in patients undergoing chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy are also described.
Book chapters on the topic "Neoplastic effusions"
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Tierens, Anne M. "Hematologic and Lymphoid Neoplasia." In Serous Effusions, 99–104. London: Springer London, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-697-9_6.
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Tierens, Anne, and William Geddie. "Hematologic and Lymphoid Neoplasia." In Serous Effusions, 107–18. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76478-8_6.
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Cianciulli, A. M., M. Mottolese, I. Venturo, R. Perrone Donnorso, C. Gallo Curcio, M. Rinaldi, and P. G. Natali. "Improvement of Immunocytochemical Diagnosis of Neoplastic Effusions by Short-Term Culture of the Fluid: A Case Report." In New Frontiers in Cytology, 233–36. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73596-7_33.
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Mottolese, M., I. Venturo, M. Rinaldi, C. Gallo Curcio, R. Perrone Donnorso, and P. G. Natali. "Immunocytochemical Diagnosis of Neoplastic Effusions of Unknown Origin Employing Selected Combinations of Monoclonal Antibodies to Tumor-Associated Antigens." In New Frontiers in Cytology, 237–40. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73596-7_34.
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Lotan, Dor, and Yehuda Adler. "Pericardial involvement in neoplastic disease." In ESC CardioMed, edited by Yehuda Adler, 1585–87. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198784906.003.0381.
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Pericardial layer involvement in cancer patients is not rare and varies from malignant processes to therapy side effects (e.g. local irradiation). Primary pericardial masses are rare—mesothelioma being the most common—and have a poor prognosis. Secondary metastases to the pericardium form the majority of pericardial neoplasms with lung carcinoma being the most prevalent. Patients with neoplastic involvement of the pericardium may present with pericardial effusion that can deteriorate to life-threatening cardiac tamponade which carries a very poor prognosis. Diagnosis of neoplastic involvement of the pericardium is of clinical significant but carries diagnostic challenges. Symptoms such as dyspnoea or chest pain are not specific and diagnosis is usually incidental through imaging studies or diagnosed at a late stage when large effusions are present. In cases of large pericardial effusion or repetitive effusion with unknown aetiology, further investigation is advised by drainage of pericardial fluid (pericardiocentesis) for diagnostic purposes and relief of symptoms. Different diagnostic tests performed on pericardial fluid exist in practice with cytology and pathology as the gold standard, but may fail to detect neoplastic cells in some cases. Although carrying a poor prognosis, pericardial investigation and treatment should be considered in patients with suspected pericardial involvement and may prolong and improve quality of life, especially if detected early.
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Leeson, Paul, and Harald Becher. "Pericardial effusion and cardiac tamponade." In The ESC Textbook of Cardiovascular Imaging, 509–19. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198703341.003.0037.
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A pericardial effusion is an accumulation of fluid within the pericardial space and can occur in response to a range of conditions including inflammatory, iatrogenic, metabolic, and neoplastic problems. Cardiac tamponade describes the clinical situation in which the collection of fluid has become severe enough to cause haemodynamic compromise and is characterized by hypotension and tachycardia, with an exaggerated respiratory motion of the jugular venous pulse. Tamponade is an acute problem that usually requires immediate intervention with drainage of the effusion by pericardiocentesis. Echocardiography is the modality of choice for initial diagnosis, investigation, and monitoring of pericardial effusions. Echocardiography also identifies changes in cardiac function suggestive of cardiac tamponade, such as collapse of the right atrium and ventricle, as well as exaggerated variation in transvalvular Doppler flow with respiration. Echocardiography can also be used to plan the removal of fluid by pericardiocentesis and be of value during the procedure to confirm location of the pericardiocentesis needle. As an adjunct to echocardiography, cardiac computed tomography and magnetic resonance provide further detailed information on fluid characteristics and localization of effusions, although are usually impractical for acute management of effusions and, in particular, tamponade. However, these additional modalities are particularly suited to investigation of related pathology and can inform on the appearance and thickness of the pericardium, as well as identify pathology within the heart or wider thoracic field of view that may underlie the effusion.
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Maisch, Bernhard, Arsen Ristić, Sabine Pankuweit, and Peter Seferović. "Interventional therapies for pericardial diseases." In ESC CardioMed, edited by Yehuda Adler, 1593–600. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198784906.003.0383.
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The prerequisite for interventional therapies in pericardial diseases is a meticulous clinical work-up of the patient including all necessary imaging modalities, and the assessment of the aetiology if needed. Interventional procedures include pericardiocentesis, life-saving acute drainage in tamponade, prolonged drainage in selected cases, intrapericardial medical therapy, percutaneous balloon pericardiotomy, or percutaneous pericardiostomy. Echocardiography and fluoroscopy guidance have greatly increased safety. Current major complications occur in less than 2% of cases with no mortality in experienced centres. To facilitate pericardial access in patients with very small or no effusion, several devices have been tested, which are not routinely needed. Assessment of the underlying disorder has been improved by cytology and pericardial and epicardial biopsy under pericardioscopy guidance. Intrapericardial therapy with fibrinolytics can facilitate complete drainage of dense or loculated pericardial effusions in purulent, tuberculous, or uraemic pericarditis in addition to extensive rinsing. In neoplastic pericardial effusions, intrapericardial cytostatic treatment can effectively prevent recurrences of effusions although the lethal outcome from the underlying cancer can only be delayed. In autoreactive pericardial effusions, intrapericardial triamcinolone prevents further recurrences with only a few systemic corticoid side effects. Percutaneous balloon pericardiotomy can be an alternative to surgical pericardial fenestration. Symptomatic pericardial cysts can be eradicated by alcohol instillations. Epicardial ablation of arrhythmogenic foci in (peri)myocardial disease has become available for the interventional pericardiologist and rhythmologist.
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Watton, Thom, Chris Lamb, and Ana Lara. "Can computed tomography distinguish inflammatory and malignant neoplastic pleural effusions in dogs?" In BSAVA Congress Proceedings 2017, 498. British Small Animal Veterinary Association, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.22233/9781910443439.64.2.
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Myers, Anne. "Pericardial Effusion and Cardiac Neoplasia." In Cardiology for Veterinary Technicians and Nurses, 301–14. Wiley, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119357407.ch12.
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Parkar, Nadeem, and Andrew J. Bierhals. "Diaphragmatic Abnormalities." In Chest Imaging, 563–68. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199858064.003.0097.
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The diaphragm abnormalities chapter discusses a variety of acquired and congenital conditions of the diaphragm, the principal muscle of respiration. Most diaphragmatic abnormalities encountered on imaging relate to abnormal contour or abnormal function. The latter is usually due to phrenic nerve palsy or neoplastic involvement. Abnormal contour often results from congenital thinning (eventration). Herniation and rupture following trauma are associated with a high risk of gastric ischemia and require prompt diagnosis and treatment. Thus, radiologists must be familiar with CT findings of traumatic diaphragmatic injury. Nontraumatic hernias (namely, Bochdalek, foramen of Morgagni and hiatal hernias) have typical imaging appearances as well. Rarely, a subpulmonic pleural effusion may mimic an elevated hemidiaphragm on radiography. A pleural effusion may also invert the diaphragm and impair respiration.
Conference papers on the topic "Neoplastic effusions"
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Gobeil, O., and F. McGovern Murphy. "A Case of Bowel Herniation Through a Pericardioperitoneal Window for Symptomatic Neoplastic Pericardial Effusion." In American Thoracic Society 2020 International Conference, May 15-20, 2020 - Philadelphia, PA. American Thoracic Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2020.201.1_meetingabstracts.a5729.
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Ferreira Rangel Neto, O., LF Lessa, C. de Carvalho Ramos Bortoletto, MA Pereira, SM Nicolau, and MGBK Uyeda. "EP1254 Pericardial effusion by neoplastic infiltration as one of first clinical manifestation of metastatic uterine carcinosarcoma." In ESGO Annual Meeting Abstracts. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-2019-esgo.1260.
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