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Academic literature on the topic 'Neoplastic Vascular Thrombosis'
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Journal articles on the topic "Neoplastic Vascular Thrombosis"
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Cornejo, A., A. Lekah, and AK Kurklinsky. "Neoplastic zebras of venous thrombosis: Diagnostic challenges in vascular medicine." Phlebology: The Journal of Venous Disease 30, no. 10 (2014): 744–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0268355514555210.
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Venous thrombosis is a common medical problem. Imaging differentiation of neoplasms and venous clots may prove challenging. We report three cases of “mistaken identities” of venous thrombi and neoplasms on the basis of clinical findings and different imaging modalities: ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. Imaging studies are not always reliable and consideration of clinical features, including pretest probability, is necessary for correct diagnosis. A combination of imaging modalities and biopsies is needed for correct diagnosis in some cases.
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Nowicki, Tomasz K., Michał Joskowski, Ewa Garsta, and Bogusław Mikaszewski. "Vascular Abnormalities of the Parotid Region: An Uncommon Presentation of a Common Condition—A Case Series." Diagnostics 12, no. 9 (2022): 2236. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12092236.
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A variety of non-neoplastic diseases and benign and malignant lesions may involve parotid glands. In clinical practice, effective diagnosis is crucial to ensure proper treatment and achieve a good therapeutic effect. Unclear anamnesis and short medical history are factors that make diagnosis difficult, especially when cancer should be excluded. We present a case series of four patients who reported to the outpatient clinic with a unilateral nodule in the parotid region. The clinical presentation prevented an unequivocal diagnosis. The suspicion of a neoplastic disease resulted in profound diagnostics, including repeated cytology, ultrasound and magnetic resonance examination. Combining all the acquired information and follow-up, or a histopathologic examination, facilitated the final diagnosis. In all cases, thrombosis was diagnosed. We then analysed the diagnostic process and the associated difficulties. When thrombosis in vascular malformation occurs in the parotid region, it may have an unclear clinical and radiological presentation. Such an image can imitate both benign and malignant tumours. Ambiguous imaging in conjunction with blood cells in cytology should result in the inclusion of thrombosis in vascular malformations in the differential diagnosis.
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Bodna, P., Ya Bodnar, T. Bodnar, Yu Soroka, and L. Bodnar. "Endotelial dysfunction in condition of neoplastic intoxication." Bukovinian Medical Herald 25, no. 3 (99) (2021): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.24061/2413-0737.xxv.3.99.2021.3.
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In patients with cancer, the risk of pulmonary embolism increases 4-7 times compared to other patients of the same age and similar concomitant diseases. The greatest risk exists after surgery and during chemotherapy. An increase in the risk of thrombosis in cancer patients is a multifactorial complex phenomenon, the causes of which are an increase in the number of platelets, changes in the rheological properties of blood, as well as reactive structural changes in the vascular wall, valves and endotheliocytes. The latter factor of pathogenesis is insufficiently studied and is not used to assess the risks of thrombosis and prevent thrombosis in cancer patients. However, this topic is promising in the search for opportunities to study the pathogenesis of pulmonary embolism, and, accordingly, to assess the risks in different groups of patients and methods of prevention and options for clinical tactics in cases of venous thrombosis.Objective. To find out the dynamics of the concentration of lipid peroxidation products, in particular the activity of phospholipase and catalase in experimental neoplastic intoxication. Material and methods. For the experiment, 12 sexually mature nonlinear male rats with a body weight of 170-180 g were selected. by injecting 7.2 mg/kg into the rat interscapular area at the rate of 0.1 ml of dimethylhydrazine hydrochloride (DMG) solution 1.2 – DMG (SIGMA-ALDRICH CHEMIE, Japan, D161802 series), previously diluted with isotonic sodium chloride solution per 10 grams of rat body weight, a tumor was modeled intoxication. On day 30 of the experiment, the animals were sacrificed, and the material of the venous wall of the lower extremities was studied for the morphological structure of the vascular wall.Results and Discussion. Morphological examination of the drug revealed platelet thinning, desquamation and microscopic reorganization of endotheliocytes, focal loss of endothelial layer integrity, and wavy thickening of the intima. This complex of phenomena can be the basis of the pathogenesis of thrombosis in combination with a violation of hemodynamics and rheological properties of blood. On day 30 of the experiment, a morphological study of the drug was performed on the venous wall of rats.Conclusions. Changes that were detected after modeling chronic tumor intoxication include endothelium changes in the form of desquamation and reorganization, violation of the integrity of the endothelial layer, wavy thickening of the intima, fibrotic changes in all the membranes of the vessel.
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Marchioli, Roberto, Guido Finazzi, Raffaele Landolfi, et al. "Vascular and Neoplastic Risk in a Large Cohort of Patients With Polycythemia Vera." Journal of Clinical Oncology 23, no. 10 (2005): 2224–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2005.07.062.
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Purpose The clinical course of polycythemia vera is often complicated by thrombosis as well as by the possible transition to myeloid metaplasia with myelofibrosis or acute myeloid leukemia. The aim of this study was to assess the rate of these complications in subjects receiving currently recommended treatments. Patients and Methods Overall, 1,638 patients from 12 countries were enrolled onto a large, prospective multicenter project aimed at describing the clinical history of polycythemia vera for the following outcomes: survival, the cumulative rate of cardiovascular death and thrombosis, the cumulative rate of leukemia, myelodysplasia, and myelofibrosis. The mean duration of the disease at entry and the duration of the follow-up were 4.9 and 2.7 years, respectively. Results The overall mortality rate of 3.7 deaths per 100 persons per year resulted from a moderate risk of cardiovascular death and a high risk of death from noncardiovascular causes (mainly hematologic transformations). Age older than 65 years and a positive history of thrombosis were the most important predictors of cardiovascular events. Antiplatelet therapy, but not cytoreductive treatment, was significantly associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular events. We found a consistent association between age and risk of leukemia, and between duration of the disease with risk of myelofibrosis. Conclusion The European Collaboration on Low-Dose Aspirin in Polycythemia Vera study documents that large international collaborative studies are feasible in this field, in which few epidemiologic data are available. The persistently high mortality rate from hematologic malignancies characterizes the unmet therapeutic need of polycythemic patients and suggests a priority for future studies in this disease.
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J.M., Farah, Sawke N., and Sawke G.K. "Cutaneous Intravascular Papillary Endothelial Hyperplasia of the Forearm : A Case Report." PJSR 6, no. 2 (2013): 38–40. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8262280.
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Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia (IPEH) or reactive vascular endothelial lesion is a rare benign condition and is also known as Masson’s haemangioma. Blood vessel injury or venous thrombosis may predispose to this condition. Distinction of reactive entities from neoplastic condition like angiosarcoma is important. A case of cutaneous IPEH in forearm of an adult male is being reported here
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Bodnar, P., Ya Bodnar, T. Bodnar, and L. Bodnar. "Morphological changes in the venous wall under experimental neoplastic intoxication." Reports of Vinnytsia National Medical University 25, no. 2 (2021): 205–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.31393/reports-vnmedical-2021-25(2)-04.
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Annotation. The goal of this study was to investigate the characteristic histological and morphological signs of changes in the venous wall as one of the main pathogenetic links of thrombosis in oncological pathology. Assessment of these changes is necessary to understand the process of occurrence and prevention of thromboembolic and thrombotic complications in patients with oncological diseases. Histological, submicroscopic and polarizing materials of hind limb veins of 11 mature nonlinear male rats weighing 170-180 g on day 30 of chronic neoplastic intoxication complicated by deep limb vein thrombosis were studied. It is established that experimental neoplastic intoxication in rats on histological examination was accompanied by the development of submicroscopic reorganization of endotheliocytes and their desquamation, platelet ligation as one of the causes of future thrombotic complications. Thus installed the negative effect of long-term neoplastic intoxication on the cells and all layers of the venous vascular wall as well as on the blood forming elements was studied. A close connection between the presence of the obtained changes against the background of oncological diseases and the development of such thrombotic complications as phlebothrombosis, pulmonary embolism and thrombophlebitis has been established. The development of complications shows that the prevention of thrombosis is an important component of conservative therapy of cancer patients, to prevent the development of lethal outcomes. High incidence of PE, deep vein thrombosis and thrombophlebitis in the superficial venous system emphasizes the use of preventive means of conservative treatment of cancer patients to prevent these complications, resulting in a high mortality rate. The study of morphological changes of the venous wall under the influence of chronic neoplastic intoxication in experimental conditions allows to carry out a detailed analysis of possible complications.
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Rosselli, Matteo, Alina Popescu, Felix Bende, Antonella Al Refaie, and Adrian Lim. "Imaging in Vascular Liver Diseases." Medicina 60, no. 12 (2024): 1955. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina60121955.
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Vascular liver diseases (VLDs) include different pathological conditions that affect the liver vasculature at the level of the portal venous system, hepatic artery, or venous outflow system. Although serological investigations and sometimes histology might be required to clarify the underlying diagnosis, imaging has a crucial role in highlighting liver inflow or outflow obstructions and their potential causes. Cross-sectional imaging provides a panoramic view of liver vascular anatomy and parenchymal patterns of enhancement, making it extremely useful for the diagnosis and follow-up of VLDs. Nevertheless, multiparametric ultrasound analysis provides information useful for differentiating acute from chronic portal vein thrombosis, distinguishing neoplastic invasion of the portal vein from bland thrombus, and clarifying the causes of venous outflow obstruction. Color Doppler analysis measures blood flow velocity and direction, which are very important in the assessment of VLDs. Finally, liver and spleen elastography complete the assessment by providing intrahepatic and intrasplenic stiffness measurements, offering further diagnostic information.
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Sharma, Arvind, and Radhey Shyam Mittal. "A giant frontal cavernous malformation with review of literature." Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice 07, no. 02 (2016): 279–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0976-3147.178666.
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ABSTRACTCavernous malformations (CMs) are vascular anomalies with dilated spaces called caverns. These spaces are lined by endothelial cells and collage and devoid of smooth muscle or intervening neural tissue, and filled with blood at various stages of stasis, thrombosis, organization, and calcification. Most CMs are relatively small in size but when they are large enough they can produce sing of mass effect and may simulate neoplastic, vascular, inflammatory pathology. Giant CM (size >6 cm) are very rare lesions and very few cases are reported in world literature. We are reporting such a rare case of a 16 year male. Our case is also unique in the sense that it is the largest reported CM in Indian population.
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D'Andrea, Vito, Laura Falvo, Antonio Catania, et al. "Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor (PPNET) of Pelvic Origin: Report of a Case Arising from an Unusual Location." Tumori Journal 89, no. 2 (2003): 202–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030089160308900220.
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We report a rare case of a peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PPNET) originating from the left ileopsoas muscle in an adult patient with neoplastic thrombosis of the left external iliac vein, the common femoral vein and the left popliteal vein. We performed a median laparotomy with an oblique left inguinal incision to remove the neoplasm, which consisted of a large mass surrounding the iliac-psoas muscles, extending from the transverse apophysis of the spinal column to Scarpa's triangle, and passing through the lacuna musculorum. Histopathological examination revealed a primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) with focal areas of necrosis, hemorrhage and vascular invasion. Immunophenotyping was positive for CD99, NSE, and focally for CK. Ultrastructural examination of the neoplastic cells showed often multiple nuclei with dense chromatin and very large nucleoli. The patient was discharged ten days after the operation. Adjuvant treatment consisted of radiotherapy at a dose of 2000 cGy in five fractions followed by six cycles of chemotherapy. The venous thrombosis was treated by anticoagulant therapy and recanalization of the occluded veins was obtained after two months of therapy. An MRI scan, carried out 12 months later, showed a local relapse, which was treated with chemotherapy and arterial chemoembolization.
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Campia, Umberto. "Vascular effects of cancer treatments." Vascular Medicine 25, no. 3 (2020): 226–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1358863x20914978.
Full textAbstract:
Chemotherapy, alone or in association with radiation therapy, has represented the cornerstone of cancer treatment for decades. However, in the last several years, an unprecedented progress in the understanding of cancer biology and the discovery of novel therapeutic targets have led to a paradigm shift in the management of patients with neoplastic diseases. The introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors, vascular endothelial growth factor pathway inhibitors, immunomodulatory agents, proteasome inhibitors, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and chimeric antigen receptor T cells, among others, has been associated with prolonged survival in many forms of cancer. A common feature of both chemotherapy and novel cancer treatments is the frequent occurrence of vascular toxicity, mainly mediated by injury to the endothelium. While the mechanisms may vary between agents, the clinical manifestations may overlap and range from hypertension, vasospastic and thrombotic arterial events (myocardial ischemia and infarction, peripheral ischemia, and limb gangrene), venous thromboembolism (deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism) to capillary leak syndrome. Therefore, the effective management of patients with cancer requires a multidisciplinary team approach in which oncologist and cardiovascular medicine specialists work together to prevent, detect, and minimize acute vascular toxicity and long-term consequences of cancer therapy.
Books on the topic "Neoplastic Vascular Thrombosis"
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L, Gordon J., ed. Vascular endothelium: Interactions with circulating cells. Elsevier, 1991.
Find full textConference papers on the topic "Neoplastic Vascular Thrombosis"
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Ricetti, M. M., A. Samaden, V. Fregoni, M. Vigotti, F. Piovella, and E. Ascari. "TUMOR CELLS INTERACTIONS WITH SUBENDOTHELIAL EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX IN A PERFUSION SYSTEM: ROLE OF PLATELETS." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643197.
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It has been suggested that platelets may facilitate tumor metastasis by increasing tumour cell (TC) adhesion to vascular endothelium mainly through the formation of platelet/TC aggregates. In order to further investigate this we have utilized an in vitro model combining extracellular matrices (EM) from cultured vascular endothelial cells and two neoplastic clones from a mFS6 murine fibrosarcoma: one expressing high metastatic potency (M4) and one with low metastatic potential (M9). These two sublines express an in vitro platelet aggregating activity which has previously been characterized and which correlates with in vivo metastasizing capacity. To reproduce the in vivo flow conditions a flat perfusion chamber was used (*). Glass coverslips, carrying the EM were perfused for 10’ at a wall shear rate of 450 sec™1 with reconstituted heparinized human blood containing 3×10s/ml TC, with or without platelets. Coverage of the EM with adherent TC was evaluated by a morphometric method and expressed as percent TC coverage. M4 cells adhered to EM more than did M9 cells: 4.3% TC coverage for M4, versus 2.5% TC coverage for M9. In the presence of platelets, TC adherence was greatly increased, being 9.7% for M4 and 7.8% for M9. In the experiments performed in the presence of thrombocytes no platelet/TC thrombi were found onto the EM and no TC-induced platelet aggregation was detected in blood after perfusion. Our results confirm that platelets favour the occurrence of metastasis and suggest that other mechanisms than platelet/TC aggregates formation might be involved in this process.(*) K.S. Sakarlassen et al. J.Lab.Cl in.Med. 102:522, 1983
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Marques, Marina Trombin, Leonardo de Sousa Bernardes, Rafael Zini Moreira da Silva, et al. "Trousseau Syndrome in a patient on Direct Oral Anticoagulant use: A Case Report." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.508.
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Background: The Three Territory Sign (TTS) is a radiologic marker of ischemic stroke associated with malignant neoplastic diseases (Trousseau Syndrome) and corresponds to a rare stroke etiology. Case Report: Female, 62-year-old patient, with comorbidities of smoking, hypertension and diabetes, presented with a sudden faciobrachial-predominant left hemiparesis settled in the day before the admission. Diagnosed with a metastatic rectal adenocarcinoma seven months before, she underwent a rectosigmoidectomy three months ago and developed deep vein thrombosis, starting anticoagulant therapy with rivaroxaban 20mg daily. A Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) revealed several lesions with restricted diffusion in multiple vascular territories, bilaterally, corresponding to ischemic stroke. Etiologic investigation did not detect signs of cardioembolism, nor significant vessel stenosis or unstable atherosclerotic plaques. In admission, she had a D-dimer level of 11,43μg (0- 0,5μg/mL). Conclusion: The evidence of TTS is about six times more frequent in stroke related to malignancies compared to cardioembolic etiology. The D-dimer is a marker of malignancies in cryptogenic stroke, elevated in 75% of cases. The most common associated neoplasms are pulmonary (40%) and gastrointestinal (33,3%). In the MRI, the lesions can be isolated or gathered, generally small and peripheral. There is no evidence regarding the ideal preventive therapy. It is necessary to reinforce the importance of investigating malignancies in patients presenting with cryptogenic stroke and TTS, a syndrome that is still poorly recognized.