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1

Khansari, Nemat. "The Future Direction of Cancer Vaccines: An Editorial." Vaccination Research – Open Journal 6, no. 1 (2022): e1-e2. http://dx.doi.org/10.17140/vroj-6-e007.

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In the past, vaccines were defined as prophylactic entities. Today, there are two types of vaccines: prophylactic for prevention, and therapeutic for the treatment of infections or cancers. Therapeutic cancer vaccine, in fact, represents an option for active immunotherapy for the treatment of late-stage and/or prevention of recurrent diseases.1
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Bősze, Péter. "The first vaccine against cancer: the human papillomavirus vaccine." Orvosi Hetilap 154, no. 16 (2013): 603–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/oh.2013.29593.

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The last 20 years is one of the most remarkable periods in the fight against cancer, with the realization that some human papillomaviruses are causally related to cancer and with the development of the vaccine against human papillomavirus infections. This is a historical event in medicine and the prophylactic human papillomavirus vaccines have provided powerful tools for primary prevention of cervical cancer and other human papillomavirus-associated diseases. This is very important as human papillomavirus infection is probably the most common sexually transmitted infection worldwide, and over
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3

Toft, Lars, Martin Tolstrup, Merete Storgaard, Lars Østergaard, and Ole S. Søgaard. "Vaccination against oncogenic human papillomavirus infection in HIV-infected populations: review of current status and future perspectives." Sexual Health 11, no. 6 (2014): 511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh14015.

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Background Men and women with HIV infection are at increased risk of developing cancers associated with human papillomavirus (HPV). The two licensed prophylactic HPV vaccines protect against de novo infection with HPV-16 and HPV-18, which cause the majority of HPV-associated cancers. Currently, no vaccine efficacy data are available for persons with HIV infection. Nevertheless, some countries have implemented specific HPV vaccination recommendations for HIV-positive populations. To specifically recommend prophylactic HPV vaccination in people with HIV, the vaccines must be safe and immunogenic
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4

Lowy, Douglas R., and John T. Schiller. "Papillomaviruses: prophylactic vaccine prospects." Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer 1423, no. 1 (1999): M1—M8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-419x(98)00037-7.

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5

Dillner, Joakim, and Darron R. Brown. "Can genital-tract human papillomavirus infection and cervical cancer be prevented with a vaccine?" Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine 6, no. 9 (2004): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1462399404007653.

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Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the cause of squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix. This causative relationship has provided the rationale and incentive for development of a prophylactic vaccine. Such a vaccine, if found to be effective, could reduce the need for cervical cancer screening and have a profound effect on the incidence of cervical and other anogenital cancers. This review begins by examining the basic biological and epidemiological principles relevant to the development of HPV preventative vaccines. It then summarises studies examining the use of vaccines to preven
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Poole, I. Caroline Le, Hemamalini Bommiasamy, Maurizio Bocchetta, and W. Martin Kast. "Advances in prophylactic cancer vaccine research." Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy 3, no. 4 (2003): 537–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1586/14737140.3.4.537.

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7

Sehnal, Borek, Daniel Driák, Monika Nipčová Džubáková, and Jiří Sláma. "Current data on the efficacy of prophylactic HPV vaccination in the primary prevention of cervical lesions." Česká gynekologie 87, no. 2 (2022): 124–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.48095/cccg2022124.

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Objective: A review of current knowledge on the efficacy of HPV (human papillomavirus) HPV vaccination against pre-cancers and cervical cancer. Methods and results: HPV infection is probably the most common sexually transmitted disease and the cause of approximately 5% of all human cancers. Currently, three prophylactic vaccines against HPV infection are on the market: bivalent Cervarix, quadrivalent Gardasil (formerly Silgard) and nonavalent Gardasil9. The Czech Republic is one of the countries with a national vaccination program where HPV vaccination is covered by health insurance for girls
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8

Bencherif, Sidi, Dobrin Draganov, Sarah Lewin, et al. "Immunologically active cryogels for breast cancer therapy (P4329)." Journal of Immunology 190, no. 1_Supplement (2013): 126.1. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.190.supp.126.1.

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Abstract Passive immunotherapy has become an effective adjunct for the treatment of HER2/neu-overexpressing breast cancers, as patients can respond well to monoclonal antibodies such as trastuzumab (anti-HER-2/neu antibody therapy). However, patients with late-stage disease, who often become immunosuppressed are unlikely to respond, motivating the development of new prophylactic vaccines. To this end, we have developed an injectable, polymer-based cryogel vaccine containing living, attenuated HER-2/neu-overexpressing breast cancer cells. The cryogel-based vaccine mimics key aspects of bacteria
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9

CASTLE, P. E., and M. MAZA. "Prophylactic HPV vaccination: past, present, and future." Epidemiology and Infection 144, no. 3 (2015): 449–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268815002198.

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SUMMARYHuman papillomavirus (HPV) is the necessary cause of cervical cancer, the fourth most common cancer and cause of cancer-related death in females worldwide. HPV also causes anal, vaginal, vulvar, penile, and oropharyngeal cancer. Prophylactic HPV vaccines based on recombinantly expressed virus-like particles have been developed. Two first-generation, U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved vaccines prevent infections and disease caused by HPV16 and HPV18, the two HPV genotypes that cause approximately 70% of cervical cancer, and one of these vaccines also prevents HPV6 and HPV11
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10

Riolobos, Laura, Ekram Gad, Piper M. Treuting, Andrew Timms, and Mary Lenora Disis. "Development of a prophylactic vaccine for lung squamous cell carcinoma." Journal of Immunology 204, no. 1_Supplement (2020): 169.9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.204.supp.169.9.

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Abstract High-grade bronchial dysplasia is a marker for high risk of lung squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Cancer vaccines targeting dysplasia could prevent the progression to SCC and decrease lung cancer incidence in population at risk. In order to develop a vaccine to prevent lung SCC we need to identify antigens and epitopes within them able to elicit a potent Type I anti-tumor immune response. One caveat to develop a prophylactic vaccine targeting dysplasia is that driver mutations (neo-antigens) are not known. Many mutations appear late in lung cancer and are not shared between patients. Ho
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11

Flemming, Alexandra. "Steps towards a prophylactic breast cancer vaccine." Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 9, no. 8 (2010): 594–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrd3233.

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12

Zhao, Bao, Xin Li, Beinan Wang, Bin Gao, and Songdong Meng. "Prophylactic cancer vaccine, from concept to reality?" Chinese Science Bulletin 59, no. 10 (2014): 944–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11434-014-0176-y.

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13

Singh, Jagmohan, Wilbur B. Bowne, and Adam E. Snook. "Cancer Vaccines and Immunotherapy for Tumor Prevention and Treatment." Vaccines 9, no. 11 (2021): 1298. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9111298.

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In this editorial, we highlight articles published in this Special Issue of Vaccines on “Cancer Vaccines and Immunotherapy for Tumor Prevention and Treatment”, recent developments in the field of cancer vaccines, and the potential for immunotherapeutic combinations in cancer care. This issue covers important developments and progress being made in the cancer vaccine field and possible future directions for exploring new technologies to produce optimal immune responses against cancer and expand the arena of prophylactic and therapeutic cancer vaccines for the treatment of this deadly disease.
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14

Campo, M. Saveria, and Richard B. S. Roden. "Papillomavirus Prophylactic Vaccines: Established Successes, New Approaches." Journal of Virology 84, no. 3 (2009): 1214–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01927-09.

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ABSTRACT Vaccines against the human papillomaviruses (HPVs) most frequently associated with cancer of the cervix are now available. These prophylactic vaccines, based on virus-like particles (VLPs), are extremely effective, providing protection from infection in almost 100% of cases. However, the vaccines present some limitations: they are effective primarily against the HPV type present in the vaccine, are expensive to produce, and need a cold chain. Vaccines based on the minor capsid protein L2 have been very successful in animal models and have been shown to provide a good level of protecti
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15

Liu, Margaret A. "Cancer vaccines." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 366, no. 1579 (2011): 2823–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2011.0101.

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While vaccines are primarily thought of in terms of their use for prevention of infectious diseases, they can potentially be used to prevent or treat cancer. This manuscript explores the rationale for vaccines and immunotherapies for cancer from both the scientific and the global needs perspectives. Pathogens that are aetiologic agents of certain cancers provide perhaps the most obvious successful examples of the prophylactic utility of vaccines (such as the hepatitis B vaccine) to prevent not just the infectious disease (hepatitis), but the potential subsequent cancer (hepatocellular carcinom
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16

Stump, Courtney T., Gregory Ho, Chenkai Mao, et al. "Remission-Stage Ovarian Cancer Cell Vaccine with Cowpea Mosaic Virus Adjuvant Prevents Tumor Growth." Cancers 13, no. 4 (2021): 627. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13040627.

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Ovarian cancer is the deadliest gynecological malignancy. Though most patients enter remission following initial interventions, relapse is common and often fatal. Accordingly, there is a substantial need for ovarian cancer therapies that prevent relapse. Following remission generated by surgical debulking and chemotherapy, but prior to relapse, resected and inactivated tumor tissue could be used as a personalized vaccine antigen source. The patient’s own tumor contains relevant antigens and, when combined with the appropriate adjuvant, could generate systemic antitumor immunity to prevent rela
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17

Liu, Margaret A. "DNA and mRNA Vaccines for Chronic Viral Infections and Cancer: Rationale, Mechanisms, and Progress." Cancers 14, no. 23 (2022): 5874. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14235874.

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Interest in the capabilities of nucleic acid vaccines, (DNA and mRNA vaccines) for both prophylactic and therapeutic uses have greatly increased following the successful deployment of two mRNA and, on a more limited scale, one DNA vaccine for COVID-19. In addition to targeting other pathogens for prophylactic vaccines, efforts are also being made towards using them for therapies for chronic infections and cancer. An examination of past and current successes for such therapies using other technologies with an emphasis on the immunological mechanisms will be provided followed by an assessment of
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18

Chiriva, Maurizio, Yuefei Yu, Leonardo Mirandola, et al. "Effective prevention and therapy of ovarian cancer with sperm protein 17 vaccination (95.7)." Journal of Immunology 184, no. 1_Supplement (2010): 95.7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.184.supp.95.7.

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Abstract Sperm protein (Sp17) is an attractive target for cancer vaccines because of its over-expression in primary and metastatic ovarian cancer (OC). Our studies suggest that a Sp17-based vaccine can induce an enduring defense against OC development in C57BL/6 mice with ID8 OC cells, following prophylactic and therapeutic treatments. Our results show that a SP17 protein based vaccine combined with CpG induced an effective CD8 mediated immune response against Sp17 protein. This is the first time that a mouse counterpart of a cancer testis antigen (Sp17) was shown to be expressed in an OC mous
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19

Donninger, Howard, Chi Li, John W. Eaton, and Kavitha Yaddanapudi. "Cancer Vaccines: Promising Therapeutics or an Unattainable Dream." Vaccines 9, no. 6 (2021): 668. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9060668.

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The advent of cancer immunotherapy has revolutionized the field of cancer treatment and offers cancer patients new hope. Although this therapy has proved highly successful for some patients, its efficacy is not all encompassing and several cancer types do not respond. Cancer vaccines offer an alternate approach to promote anti-tumor immunity that differ in their mode of action from antibody-based therapies. Cancer vaccines serve to balance the equilibrium of the crosstalk between the tumor cells and the host immune system. Recent advances in understanding the nature of tumor-mediated tolerogen
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20

de Oliveira, Cristina Mendes, José Humberto T. G. Fregnani, and Luisa Lina Villa. "HPV Vaccine: Updates and Highlights." Acta Cytologica 63, no. 2 (2019): 159–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000497617.

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HPV is the most common sexually transmitted biological agent and is the cause of many conditions in men and women, including precancer lesions and cancer. Three prophylactic HPV vaccines targeting high-risk HPV types are available in many countries worldwide: 2-, 4- and 9-valent vaccines. All the 3 vaccines use recombinant DNA technology and are prepared from the purified L1 protein that self-assembles to form HPV type-specific empty shells. This non-systematic review aims to summarize the HPV epidemiology and the vaccine development to review the landmark trials of HPV vaccine, to present to
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21

Scholler, Nathalie, Khushboo Sharma, Catherine Yin, et al. "Development of a mesothelin-based prophylactic vaccine against ovarian cancer." Journal of Immunology 200, no. 1_Supplement (2018): 181.23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.200.supp.181.23.

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Abstract Mesothelin is a tumor-associated antigen overexpressed in ovarian cancer and normally expressed by mesothelial linings. While mesothelin function remains to be fully elucidated, the lack of phenotype of mesothelin-knockout mice makes it plausible that mesothelin can safely serve as a vaccine target. We designed a new vaccination strategy based on mesothelin targeting with activation of type I IFN signaling via cyclic dinucleotides (CDN). Vaccines first combined human mesothelin protein with alum- vs. CDN-based adjuvants. C57Bl/6 mice received a priming immunization followed by 2 boost
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22

Lunec, Anna. "Issues raised by prophylactic vaccine for cervical cancer." Lancet Oncology 6, no. 12 (2005): 923–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1470-2045(05)70446-0.

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23

Richie, Jamaal, Numan Al-Rayyan, Robert Mitchell, John Eaton, and Kavitha Yaddanapudi. "Vaccination with Embryonic Stem Cells Protects against Lung Cancer." Journal of Immunology 196, no. 1_Supplement (2016): 215.3. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.196.supp.215.3.

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Abstract The antigenic similarity between tumors and embryos has been appreciated for many years and reflects the expression of embryonic gene products by cancer cells and/or cancer-initiating stem cells. Taking advantage of this similarity, we have tested a prophylactic lung cancer vaccine composed of allogeneic murine embryonic stem cells (ESC). Naïve C57BL/6 mice were vaccinated with ESC along with a source of granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF). Vaccinated mice were protected against subsequent challenge with implantable Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC). ESC-induced anti-tu
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Paluch, Michał, Michał Tomkiewicz, Paweł Olko, et al. "HPV virus as the main cause of cervical cancer, vaccination - literature review." Journal of Education, Health and Sport 13, no. 3 (2023): 292–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2023.13.03.038.

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HPV infection is one of the most common viral infection of the female and male reproductive tract worldwide. Most of the human papillomavirus infections cause no symptoms and go away on their own. Some infections develop into persistent infection, which can lead to the development of cancer of the cervix, anogenital, oral cavity and pharynx.In this paper, we focused on cervical cancer, which is the second most common cancer in the world among women. More than 300,000 women died from this cancer in 2020. The invention and introduction of prophylactic HPV vaccines has played a significant role i
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Puri, Sonia, Naveen Krishan Goel, Veenal Chadha, and Praizy Bhandari. "Cancer vaccines: a newer front of immunotherapy." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 7, no. 12 (2018): 5214. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20184998.

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Vaccines have been used as a promising instrument over the years to combat the dreadful communicable diseases. But now owing to epidemiological transition as the burden of non-communicable diseases has increased, efforts are now being made globally to use this weapon for non-communicable diseases like cancer. Cancer vaccines belong to a class of substances known as “biological response modifiers”. These work by stimulating or restoring the immune system’s ability to fight infections and disease. There are two broad types of cancer vaccines: Preventive (or prophylactic) vaccines and Treatment o
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Truong, Hannah Hanh-Hong, Waleed M. Hussein, Tzu-Yu Liu, et al. "Self-Adjuvanting Peptide Vaccines Against Cervical Cancer." Vaccination Research – Open Journal 4, no. 1 (2019): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17140/vroj-4-114.

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Background Cervical cancer is a common cause of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide, with a fatality rate second only to breast cancer. Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are the main causative agents of cervical cancer, and are therefore obvious targets for vaccine development. Although two prophylactic HPV vaccines have been commercialized, therapeutic vaccines against HPVs have not been developed yet. Current vaccine technologies emphasize the power of small particles in targeting immune cells, and particles of 20-50 nm have been reported to induce optimal immune responses against a variety
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27

Fardows, Jannatul, Naznin Nehar, Nurjahan Laskar, and Samsoon Nahar Joly. "Human Papilloma Virus Vaccine: Future of Cervical Cancer Prevention." Journal of Enam Medical College 6, no. 3 (2016): 157–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jemc.v6i3.29683.

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Cervical cancer is a deadly cancer that clutches lives of the women in most of the cases due to lack of consciousness about the disease in the developing countries. It remains a threat which is second only to breast cancer in overall disease burden for women throughout the world. Cervical cancer is almost a preventable disease by prophylactic vaccine and routine screening. Both Cervarix and Gardasil vaccines have been effective in preventing persistent infection with targeted HPV types and in preventing cervical intraepithelial lesions. It is safe and nearly 100% effective if given before onse
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Uche, Ifeanyi K., Brent Stanfield, Jared Rudd, Konstantin Kousoulas, and Paul J. Rider. "Abstract 3570: Prospects for personalized cancer vaccines: The oncolytic and immunotherapeutic HSV-1(VC2) virus expressing an ovalbumin (OVA) antigen elicits robust anti-OVA immune responses." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (2022): 3570. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-3570.

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Abstract Cancers result from unique cellular transformation events resulting in the expression of cancer antigens that vary widely among different types of cancers. Ideally, a personalized cancer treatment approach needs to target specific cancer antigen. Efforts to induce specific immune responses against tumor associated antigens (TAAs) include the expression of TAAs through viral vectors capable of expressing multiple antigens. We have previously shown that the HSV-1(VC2) vaccine vector can induce potent antitumor immune responses utilizing the B16F10-derived syngeneic melanoma mouse model.
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Schreibelt, Gerty, Daniel Benitez-Ribas, Danita Schuurhuis, et al. "Commonly used prophylactic vaccines as an alternative for synthetically produced TLR ligands to mature monocyte-derived dendritic cells." Blood 116, no. 4 (2010): 564–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2009-11-251884.

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Abstract Currently dendritic cell (DC)–based vaccines are explored in clinical trials, predominantly in cancer patients. Murine studies showed that only maturation with Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands generates mature DCs that produce interleukin-12 and promote optimal T-cell help. Unfortunately, the limited availability of clinical-grade TLR ligands significantly hampers the translation of these findings into DC-based vaccines. Therefore, we explored 15 commonly used preventive vaccines as a possible source of TLR ligands. We have identified a cocktail of the vaccines BCG-SSI, Influvac, and
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Hochnadel, Inga, Lisa Hoenicke, Nataliia Petriv, et al. "Safety and efficacy of prophylactic and therapeutic vaccine based on live-attenuated Listeria monocytogenes in hepatobiliary cancers." Oncogene 41, no. 14 (2022): 2039–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41388-022-02222-z.

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AbstractPrimary liver cancer (PLC) comprising hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) represents the third deadliest cancer worldwide with still insufficient treatment options. We have previously found that CD4 T helper 1 (Th1) response is indispensable for the protection against PLC. In the present research, we aimed to test the potent inducers of Th1 responses, live-attenuated Listeria monocytogenes ∆actA/∆inlB strain as preventive/therapeutic vaccine candidate in liver fibrosis, HCC, and CCA. Studies were performed using autochthonous models of HCC and CCA, highly reflec
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Qendro, Veneta, Mallika Ghosh, and Linda Shapiro. "Blocking CD13 in combination with a toll like receptor agonist increases the efficacy of cancer vaccine adjuvants." Journal of Immunology 198, no. 1_Supplement (2017): 79.26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.198.supp.79.26.

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Abstract Vaccines have been an extraordinary tool in the fight against human disease. Recent cancer research has revealed promising results leading to approved cervical and prostate cancer vaccines. Despite the success, a major downfall of these vaccines remains poor immunogenicity. MPLA (monophosphorylated lipid A) is a synthetic analog of LPS that binds to TLR4 leading to activation of the adaptive immune response without triggering deleterious inflammatory consequences. As such, MPLA has recently been FDA approved as an adjuvant of the prophylactic vaccine against HPV-driven (Human Papillom
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Shen, Yingbin, Tianyao Hao, Shiyi Ou, Churan Hu, and Long Chen. "Applications and perspectives of nanomaterials in novel vaccine development." MedChemComm 9, no. 2 (2018): 226–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7md00158d.

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33

Vo, Trinh Phuong, Gitika Panicker, Kimberly Braz-Gomes, et al. "Enhanced Immunogenicity of Adjuvanted Microparticulate HPV16 Vaccines Administered via the Transdermal Route." Pharmaceuticals 15, no. 9 (2022): 1128. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph15091128.

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Human papillomavirus (HPV) causes cervical cancer among women and is associated with other anogenital cancers in men and women. Prophylactic particulate vaccines that are affordable, self-administered and efficacious could improve uptake of HPV vaccines world-wide. The goal of this research is to develop a microparticulate HPV16 vaccine for transdermal administration using AdminPatch® and assess its immunogenicity in a pre-clinical mouse model. HPV16 microparticles were prepared using a biocompatible polymer and characterized in terms of size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency and micro
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34

Gonik, Bernard. "Strategies for Fostering HPV Vaccine Acceptance." Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology 2006 (2006): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/idog/2006/36797.

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Vaccines that protect against infection with the types of human papillomavirus (HPV) commonly associated with cervical cancer (HPV 16 and 18) and genital warts (HPV 6 and 11) are expected to become available in the near future. Because HPV vaccines are prophylactic, they must be administered prior to exposure to the virus, ideally during preadolescence or adolescence. The young age of the target vaccination population means that physicians, parents, and patients will all be involved in the decision-making process. Research has shown that parents and patients are more likely to accept a vaccine
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35

Medeiros, Rita, Susan Vaz, Teresa Rebelo, and Margarida Figueiredo-Dias. "Prevention of Human Papillomavirus Infection. Beyond Cervical Cancer: A Brief Review." Acta Médica Portuguesa 33, no. 3 (2020): 198. http://dx.doi.org/10.20344/amp.12259.

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Introduction: Human papillomavirus is responsible for almost all cases of cervical cancer, an important portion of anogenital and oropharyngeal invasive and preinvasive lesions, as well as genital warts (condyloma acuminatum) and recurrent respiratory papillomatosis. Currently, three prophylactic vaccines against high-risk Human papillomavirus are commercialized in many countries worldwide. Methods: To this non-systematic review the authors searched in MEDLINE/PubMed for systematic reviews, meta-analysis and randomized controlled trials, published in the last six years, using the terms “HPV”,
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Kraja, Shuajp. "Treating multiple cancers with the human anti-cancer heterologous bi-vaccine (TLNGIS)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 15_suppl (2017): e14633-e14633. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.e14633.

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e14633 Background: Genomic segments of oncogenic viruses, when found inside healthy cell nuclei, can induce changes in the cell’s own genome during division, creating a transmittable change of genetic information. The new malignant cells thus created are recognized as foreign and destroyed by cellular immunity Thymuslymphocytes. Otherwise, unrecognised by the immune system and allowed to breed abnormally, such cells result in a malignant tumour mass, diagnosed as cancer. Based on this original theoretical explanation, we achieved the successful synthetization of a human heterologous anticancer
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Gillison, Maura L., Tatevik Broutian, Barry Graubard, et al. "Impact of prophylactic human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination on oral HPV infections among young adults in the U.S." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 15_suppl (2017): 6003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.6003.

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6003 Background: The incidence of HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancers has risen in recent decades among US men. The potential impact of HPV vaccines on oral HPV infections has yet to be evaluated in efficacy-trials or surveillance studies. Methods: To evaluate the impact of prophylactic HPV vaccination on oral HPV infections in the US population, we conducted a cross-sectional study among men and women aged 18-33 years (n = 2,627) in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2011-2014. We examined the effect of self-reported receipt of ≥1 vaccine dose on oral HPV infection (vaccine-
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Fraillery, Dominique, David Baud, Susana Yuk-Ying Pang, et al. "Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi Ty21a Expressing Human Papillomavirus Type 16 L1 as a Potential Live Vaccine against Cervical Cancer and Typhoid Fever." Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 14, no. 10 (2007): 1285–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cvi.00164-07.

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ABSTRACT Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines based on L1 virus-like particles (VLPs) can prevent HPV-induced genital neoplasias, the precursors of cervical cancer. However, most cervical cancers occur in developing countries, where the implementation of expensive vaccines requiring multiple injections will be difficult. A live Salmonella-based vaccine could be a lower-cost alternative. We previously demonstrated that high HPV type 16 (HPV16)-neutralizing titers are induced after a single oral immunization of mice with attenuated Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strains expressing a codo
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Firdaus, Farrhana Z., Stacey Bartlett, Waleed M. Hussein, et al. "Liposomal Formulations of a Polyleucine–Antigen Conjugate as Therapeutic Vaccines against Cervical Cancer." Pharmaceutics 15, no. 2 (2023): 602. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15020602.

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Human papilloma virus (HPV) is responsible for all cases of cervical cancer. While prophylactic vaccines are available, the development of peptide-based vaccines as a therapeutic strategy is still under investigation. In comparison with the traditional and currently used treatment strategies of chemotherapy and surgery, vaccination against HPV is a promising therapeutic option with fewer side effects. A peptide derived from the HPV-16 E7 protein, called 8Qm, in combination with adjuvants showed promise as a therapeutic vaccine. Here, the ability of polymerized natural amino acids to act as a s
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Wu, Di, Xiaoyu Yu, Jing Wang, et al. "Ovarian Cancer Stem Cells with High ROR1 Expression Serve as a New Prophylactic Vaccine for Ovarian Cancer." Journal of Immunology Research 2019 (March 17, 2019): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9394615.

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Tumor vaccines offer a number of advantages for cancer treatment. In the study, the vaccination with cancer stem cells (CSCs) with high expression of the type I receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor (ROR1) was evaluated in a murine model for the vaccine’s immunogenicity and protective efficacy against epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC). CD117+CD44+ CSCs were isolated from human EOC HO8910 cell line using a magnetic-activated cell sorting system; murine ID8 EOC suspension sphere cells, which are collectively known as cancer stem-like cells, were acquired from serum-free suspension spher
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Donkoh, Emmanuel T., Richard H. Asmah, Francis Agyemang-Yeboah, Ellis O. Dabo, and Edwin K. Wiredu. "Prevalence and Distribution of Vaccine-Preventable Genital Human Papillomavirus(HPV) Genotypes in Ghanaian Women Presenting for Screening." Cancer Control 29 (January 2022): 107327482210947. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10732748221094721.

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Background Cervical cancer is the most common gynaecologic cancer in Ghana where it is also the second most common cause of all female cancers. A number of vaccines are available to provide both individual and population-level protection against persistent infection with high-risk human papillomaviruses (HR-HPV) and reduce the burden of cervical cancer. Data on the epidemiology of vaccine-preventable papillomaviruses in Ghana is scant. Methods A cross-sectional observational study was implemented from May 2011 to November 2014 to understand the epidemiology of genital human papillomavirus (HPV
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Aleynick, Mark, Paul Peng, Linda Hammerich, et al. "Natural pattern-recognition-receptor agonists as adjuvants for in situ vaccination lymphoma immunotherapy." Journal of Clinical Oncology 36, no. 5_suppl (2018): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2018.36.5_suppl.123.

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123 Background: In patients with low-grade lymphoma, in situ vaccination has yielded both partial and complete remissions in clinical trials. Though clinical responses have been observed with multiple pattern recognition receptor agonists (PRRa), the optimal immune stimulant is unknown. We hypothesize that natural PRRa, such as the attenuated pathogens or subunits found in common prophylactic vaccines, could target multiple PRR in a physiologically relevant context and lead to a more robust activation of dendritic cells (DCs) versus synthetic PRRa. Methods: 20 vaccines, including BCG, Typhim V
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Heffernan, Margaret E., Suzanne M. Garland, and Mark A. Kane. "Global reduction of cervical cancer with human papillomavirus vaccines: insights from the hepatitis B virus vaccine experience." Sexual Health 7, no. 3 (2010): 383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh09134.

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Background: Worldwide, prophylactic vaccines against two major human cancers are now commercially available: hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccines (first licensed in 1982) against primary hepatocellular carcinoma and human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines (first licensed 2006) against cervical cancer. Initial implementation strategies for HBV vaccination were not successful in preventing disease in the community: it took 15 years for significant global reduction in the burden of this disease. Methods: We compare and contrast HBV vaccine experiences to challenges for successful global HPV vaccination s
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Sellers, Rani S., Keith Nelson, Bindu Bennet, et al. "Scientific and Regulatory Policy Committee Points to Consider*: Approaches to the Conduct and Interpretation of Vaccine Safety Studies for Clinical and Anatomic Pathologists." Toxicologic Pathology 48, no. 2 (2019): 257–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192623319875085.

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The design and execution of toxicology studies supporting vaccine development have some unique considerations relative to those supporting traditional small molecules and biologics. A working group of the Society of Toxicologic Pathology Scientific and Regulatory Policy Committee conducted a review of the scientific, technical, and regulatory considerations for veterinary pathologists and toxicologists related to the design and evaluation of regulatory toxicology studies supporting vaccine clinical trials. Much of the information in this document focuses on the development of prophylactic vacc
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Sharma, Prashant, Na-Yoon Jang, Jae-Won Lee, Bum Chul Park, Young Keun Kim, and Nam-Hyuk Cho. "Application of ZnO-Based Nanocomposites for Vaccines and Cancer Immunotherapy." Pharmaceutics 11, no. 10 (2019): 493. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics11100493.

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Engineering and application of nanomaterials have recently helped advance various biomedical fields. Zinc oxide (ZnO)-based nanocomposites have become one of the most promising candidates for biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility, unique physicochemical properties, and cost-effective mass production. In addition, recent advances in nano-engineering technologies enable the generation of ZnO nanocomposites with unique three-dimensional structures and surface characteristics that are optimally designed for in vivo applications. Here, we review recent advances in the application of
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Mac, Michelle, and Cary A. Moody. "Epigenetic Regulation of the Human Papillomavirus Life Cycle." Pathogens 9, no. 6 (2020): 483. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9060483.

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Persistent infection with certain types of human papillomaviruses (HPVs), termed high risk, presents a public health burden due to their association with multiple human cancers, including cervical cancer and an increasing number of head and neck cancers. Despite the development of prophylactic vaccines, the incidence of HPV-associated cancers remains high. In addition, no vaccine has yet been licensed for therapeutic use against pre-existing HPV infections and HPV-associated diseases. Although persistent HPV infection is the major risk factor for cancer development, additional genetic and epig
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Ni, Jing, Volker Schirrmacher, and Philippe Fournier. "Improvement of Anti-Tumor DNA Vaccination by Co-Immunization at a Distant Site with a Plasmid Encoding the Hemagglutinin-Neuraminidase Protein of Newcastle Disease Virus." Open Cancer Immunology Journal 3, no. 1 (2010): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1876401001003010015.

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DNA vaccine encoding tumor associated antigens (TAAs) is an attractive strategy for tumor vaccine development. But its efficacy to induce efficient anti-tumor immunity needs to be improved. In this study, we combined immunization with such a plasmid at the ear pinna site (i.e.) with co-immunization with another plasmid (pHN) encoding the Hemaglutinin-Neuraminidase (HN) protein of the NDV virus at a subcutaneous site. We first tested a prophylactic immunization protocol followed by subcutaneous challenge with the ESb-lacZ lymphoma expressing the 􀀂-galactosidase protein as a surrogate tumor anti
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Morrow, Zachary, and John-Demian Sauer. "779 Inhibiting type-I interferon signaling promotes memory T-cell formation following immunization with Listeria anti-cancer vaccines." Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 9, Suppl 2 (2021): A814. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2021-sitc2021.779.

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BackgroundThe aspiration of cancer immunotherapy is to generate large numbers of highly functional anti-tumor CD8+ T-cells. We and others have optimized Listeria monocytogenes as a powerful anti-cancer vaccine platform to drive such T-cell responses. Early clinical trial data suggest the number of T-cells generated correlates with efficacy, demanding an understanding of the factors that dictate vaccine-induced T-cell responses. The CD8+ T-cell response is intimately linked to magnitude and quality of the innate immune response triggered by vaccines. Listeria-based vaccines activate numerous in
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Natunen, Kari, Johannes Lehtinen, Proscovia Namujju, John Sellors, and Matti Lehtinen. "Aspects of Prophylactic Vaccination against Cervical Cancer and Other Human Papillomavirus-Related Cancers in Developing Countries." Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology 2011 (2011): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/675858.

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Cervical cancer and other human papillomavirus- (HPV-) related cancers are preventable, but preventive measures implemented in developing countries and especially in low-income rural regions have not been effective. Cervical cancer burden derived from sexually transmitted HPV infections is the heaviest in developing countries, and a dramatic increase in the number of cervical cancer cases is predicted, if no intervention is implemented in the near future. HPV vaccines offer an efficient way to prevent related cancers. Recently implemented school-based HPV vaccination demonstration programmes c
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Vieira, Jéssica Ferreira, Eddie Fernando Candido Murta, and Márcia Antoniazi Michelin. "Prophylactic dendritic cell vaccination in antitumor immune response and tumor growth in a breast cancer mouse model." Research, Society and Development 10, no. 13 (2021): e100101320905. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i13.20905.

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Dendritic cell vaccines have demonstrated promising results for poorly immunogenic tumors, which may promote the generation of better immune responses in the tumor microenvironment. However, the vaccine has little been evaluated as a prophylactic option. Therefore, this study evaluates the influence of prophylactic dendritic cell vaccination on the antitumor immune response in the tumor microenvironment and on tumor growth, in an experimental model with breast cancer induced by 4T1. Therefore, Balb/c mice were separated into a vaccinated group and an unvaccinated group. Dendritic cell vaccine
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