Academic literature on the topic 'RPS18A'
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Journal articles on the topic "RPS18A"
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Folley, L. S., and T. D. Fox. "Reduced dosage of genes encoding ribosomal protein S18 suppresses a mitochondrial initiation codon mutation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Genetics 137, no. 2 (June 1, 1994): 369–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/137.2.369.
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Abstract A yeast mitochondrial translation initiation codon mutation affecting the gene for cytochrome oxidase subunit III (COX3) was partially suppressed by a spontaneous nuclear mutation. The suppressor mutation also caused cold-sensitive fermentative growth on glucose medium. Suppression and cold sensitivity resulted from inactivation of the gene product of RPS18A, one of two unlinked genes that code the essential cytoplasmic small subunit ribosomal protein termed S18 in yeast. The two S18 genes differ only by 21 silent substitutions in their exons; both are interrupted by a single intron after the 15th codon. Yeast S18 is homologous to the human S11 (70% identical) and the Escherichia coli S17 (35% identical) ribosomal proteins. This highly conserved family of ribosomal proteins has been implicated in maintenance of translational accuracy and is essential for assembly of the small ribosomal subunit. Characterization of the original rps18a-1 missense mutant and rps18a delta and rps18b delta null mutants revealed that levels of suppression, cold sensitivity and paromomycin sensitivity all varied directly with a limitation of small ribosomal subunits. The rps18a-1 mutant was most affected, followed by rps18a delta then rps18b delta. Mitochondrial mutations that decreased COX3 expression without altering the initiation codon were not suppressed. This allele specificity implicates mitochondrial translation in the mechanism of suppression. We could not detect an epitope-tagged variant of S18 in mitochondria. Thus, it appears that suppression of the mitochondrial translation initiation defect is caused indirectly by reduced levels of cytoplasmic small ribosomal subunits, leading to changes in either cytoplasmic translational accuracy or the relative levels of cytoplasmic translation products.
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Slaminko, T. L., C. R. Bowen, and G. L. Hartman. "Multi-Year Evaluation of Commercial Soybean Cultivars for Resistance to Phytophthora sojae." Plant Disease 94, no. 3 (March 2010): 368–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-94-3-0368.
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Phytophthora sojae causes damping-off, root rot, and stem rot of soybean, particularly in poorly drained soils. Soybean cultivar resistance is one of the primary methods to control this disease, with Rps1c, Rps1k, and Rps1a being the most commonly used genes. The Varietal Information Program for Soybeans (VIPS) at the University of Illinois evaluates soybean cultivars for resistance to a number of diseases including Phytophthora root rot (PRR). The objectives of this research were to evaluate PRR resistance among commercial cultivars or advanced lines, and to compare these results with the information on PRR resistance provided by the company that entered the cultivar in VIPS. Each year from 2004 to 2008, between 600 and 900 cultivars were evaluated for resistance to either race 17 or 26 of P. sojae using the hypocotyl inoculation method. P. sojae single resistance genes were reported in 1,808 or 51% of the entries based on company information. Of these, the most commonly reported resistance genes were Rps1c (50%), Rps1k (40%), and Rps1a (10%). To a much smaller degree, companies reported using Rps3a (0.3%), Rps1b (0.2%), and Rps7 (0.2%). For the duration of the 5-year testing period, almost half of the cultivars (46%) were entered in VIPS with no reported resistance genes, and only nine out of a total of 3,533 entries (less than 0.3%) reported a stacked combination of resistance genes. Agreement between company-reported genes and any resistance found in the VIPS PRR evaluation was highest for those cultivars claiming to have Rps1c (90%) and Rps1k (83%), followed by Rps1a (70%). On average, 54% of the cultivars submitted to VIPS each year were new, reflecting the rapid development and turnover of soybean cultivars provided by the soybean seed companies.
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Ellis, Steven R., Carlos Arce-Lara, Jacqueline M. Caffrey, and Diana A. Alvarez-Arias. "Ribosomal Protein S19 and Diamond Blackfan Anemia." Blood 104, no. 11 (November 16, 2004): 2839. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.2839.2839.
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Abstract Diamond Blackfan Anemia (DBA) is one of several bone marrow failures that have been linked to defects in ribosome synthesis. 25% of DBA cases are linked to mutations in ribosomal protein S19 (Rps19). The etiology of the remaining cases is unknown. To gain a better understanding of the function of the Rps19 family of proteins we have characterized members of this protein family in the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In yeast, Rps19 is encoded by duplicated genes, RPS19A and RPS19B. Yeast cells lacking both RPS19 genes are not viable, whereas those lacking a single gene are viable but have growth defects. These latter strains are defective in a specific step in rRNA processing that preferentially affects the maturation of 40S ribosomal subunits. We scanned other yeast strains with mutations in genes for 40S subunit proteins for processing phenotypes similar to RPS19 mutants. Several have phenotypes that overlap with RPS19 mutants, but only RPS18 stands out as being virtually identical to RPS19 mutants. The human RPS18 gene is therefore a candidate locus for pathogenic mutations in DBA patients with normal RPS19. We are currently developing strategies to sequence RPS18 genes from DBA patients with normal RPS19 to determine if mutations in RPS18 are associated with DBA. We have also developed a yeast system for the functional testing of mutant alleles of RPS19 found in DBA patients. In general, a mutation is considered pathogenic if it is not found in unaffected family members and in the general population. We have found, however, that several missense mutations classified as pathogenic in DBA patients do not affect Rps19 function in the yeast system. The failure of these mutations to affect Rps19 function in yeast points to a need for functional testing of RPS19 mutant alleles in human cells.
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Dorrance, A. E., H. Jia, and T. S. Abney. "Evaluation of Soybean Differentials for Their Interaction with Phytophthora sojae." Plant Health Progress 5, no. 1 (January 2004): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/php-2004-0309-01-rs.
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Soybean lines, each containing a different resistance gene (Rps), are used as differentials to characterize isolates of Phytophthora sojae as physiologic races. Surveys in different soybean production regions have used various sets of soybean differentials thought to carry the same Rps genes. In some instances, isolates of P. sojae have been reported to have different reactions when evaluated in labs using different sets of differentials that were believed to have the same Rps gene. The objective of this study was to compare the consistency of racial classification when three different sets of soybean differentials were challenged with a common set of five races of P. sojae from Ohio and Indiana. Three soybean differential sets (USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection, The Ohio State University, and USDA-ARS Purdue University) were challenged with P. sojae using the hypocotyl inoculation test at OSU and USDA-ARS Purdue. Isolates of races 1, 3, 4, 7, and 25 from Ohio and Indiana had the same reaction on all three sets of soybean differentials for Rps1b, Rps1c, Rps1k, Rps3a, Rps3b, Rps3c, Rps6, Rps7, and on differentials Harlon, Harosoy 12xx, L59-731, and Union for Rps1a. L88-8470 used as a differential for Rps1a and L93-3312 used for Rps1d did not have the expected response. Isolates of races 4 and 25 from Ohio and Indiana responded differently on differentials with the Rps2 gene because this gene was not used previously to characterize races of P. sojae. A similar reaction occurred when differentials with Rps4 and Rps5 were inoculated with isolates of races 1 and 7, respectively. A standardized set of soybean differentials, corresponding to different maturity groups, for thirteen of the fourteen Rps genes is recommended. Accepted for publication 5 February 2004. Published 9 March 2004.
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Gazda, Hanna, Michael Landowski, Christopher Buros, Adrianna Vlachos, Colin A. Sieff, Peter E. Newburger, Edyta Niewiadomska, et al. "Array Comparative Genomic Hybridization of Ribosomal Protein Genes In Diamond-Blackfan Anemia Patients; Evidence for Three New DBA Genes, RPS8, RPS14 and RPL15, with Large Deletion or Duplication." Blood 116, no. 21 (November 19, 2010): 1007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v116.21.1007.1007.
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Abstract Abstract 1007 Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA) is an inherited bone marrow failure syndrome characterized by anemia, usually presenting during infancy or in early childhood. Although anemia is the most prominent feature of DBA, the disease is also characterized by cancer predisposition, growth retardation and congenital malformations, in particular craniofacial, upper limb, heart and urinary system defects, which are present in ∼30-50% of patients. We completed our large scale sequencing of 80 ribosomal protein (RP) genes and found eight of them mutated in DBA. In total, together with three RP genes identified by others, there are 11 genes mutated in ∼54% of DBA patients; RPS19, RPS24, RPS17, RPL35A, RPL5, RPL11, RPS7, RPS10, RPS26, RPL19 and RPL26. To search for moderate and large RP gene deletions and duplications we performed high resolution array comparative genomic hybridization on 80 DNA samples from DBA patients who did not have mutations in the 11 known RP genes. We found a deletion of exon 2 and 3 (4800 bp), deletion of the coding region, and duplication of exons 2 and 3 (488 bp) in RPS19 gene in three probands; three deletions of exons 1, 2 and 3 in RPS17 in three probands (2920 bp, 2886 bp and 3018 bp); and deletion of exons 1, 2 and 3 of the RPS26 gene. We also identified two deletions and a duplication in three RP genes previously not found mutated in DBA; RPS8 duplication of exon 3 (764 bp), RPS14 deletion of exons 2, 3, 4 and 5 (2568 bp) and RPS15 deletion of exon 4 (1995 bp). The deletions and duplications are being confirmed by multiplex PCRs. Interestingly, RPS14 was previously identified as a 5q- syndrome gene demonstrating that abnormality of this protein can cause both DBA and 5q- syndrome. These data bring to 14 the total number of RP genes mutated in DBA. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Pospisilova, Dagmar, Jana Cmejlova, Jan Stary, Zdena Cerna, Jiri Hak, Radek Cmejla, and Barbora Ludikova. "Phenotype / Genotype Correlations in Diamond-Blackfan Anaemia – An Update From the Czech National DBA Registry." Blood 118, no. 21 (November 18, 2011): 5269. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.5269.5269.
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Abstract Abstract 5269 Introduction Diamond-Blackfan anaemia (DBA) is a rare congenital red cell aplasia that is also associated with various physical anomalies in 40% of patients. Haploinsufficiency of ribosomal proteins (RPs) production due to various mutations in RPs is believed to be the cause of DBA. However, the precise mechanism of erythroid failure and development of anomalies remains under debate. Here we report a summary of clinical and laboratory data from the Czech National DBA Registry. Patients and Methods The Czech DBA registry has been created in the period 1991–2011. All patients were examined by experienced haematologists and detailed history was obtained. The following analyses were done: bone marrow analysis, eADA levels and clonogenic assays as previously published. PCR and direct sequencing was used to identify mutations in the genes coding for the following 21 RPs: RPS2, RPS3, RPS3a, RPS10, RPS12, RPS13, RPS14, RPS16, RPS17, RPS19, RPS24, RPS25, RPS30, RPL5, RPL11, RPL13, RPL23, RPL26, RPL27, RPL35a and RPL36. Results The Czech DBA Registry currently comprises 39 patients (14 males and 25 females; 1:1.79 ratio) aged 6 months-53 years from 34 families. Seventeen (28.8 %) patients were born small for gestational age (SGA), which is significantly higher in comparison with the population of Czech healthy newborns (p>0,001). In 27 (69.2%) patients, one or more anomalies were found (thumb anomalies, high-arched palate, craniofacial dysmorphism, Klippel-Feil syndrome, Sprengel`s deformity, neck, heart and kidney anomalies, microcephaly, micropthalmia). Nineteen (48.7%) patients have short stature. Only 6 (15%) patients have neither anomalies nor short stature. Two patients (5.1%) have developed malignancy. The first one died at the age of 5 due to AML, the second patient with an RPL11 mutation developed non-Hodgkin lymphoma at the age of 36. eADA levels were increased in 16/18 (88.8%) of non-transfused patients. Eighteen (46.2%) patients are transfusion dependent, while 10 (24.6%) are in remission and 11(28.2%) are on steroid treatment. So far, 23 different heterozygous mutations in five different RPs – RPS17, RPS19, RPS26, RPL5, and RPL11 – have been identified in 28 patients (71.8%) from 23 families (67.6%). Most mutations were found in the RPS19 gene – 10 patients (25.6%) from 8 families (23.5%), followed by the RPL5 gene (8 patients (20.5%) from 6 families (17.6%)); the RPS26 gene (5 patients (12.8%) from 5 families (14.7%)); the RPL11 gene (4 patients (10.3%) from 3 families (8.8%)); and RPS17 (1 patient (2.6%) from 1 family (2.9%). We identified three new mutations in the RPS19 gene (c.58G>C, p.Ala20Pro; c.195C>G, p.Tyr65X; and c.356dupG, p.Gly120ArgfsX34), one new mutation in the RPS26 gene (c.6_9delAAAG, p.Lys4GlufsX40), and one familial mutation in the RPL11 gene (c.281T>G, p.Leu94X). The comparison of the group of patients with RPS19 mutations (n=10) with the group of patients with RPL5 and 11 mutations (n=12) showed two significant differences. Firstly, 11/12 (92%) patients with RPL5 or RPL11 mutations were born SGA, secondly, all patients with an RPL5 or RPL11 mutation have a thumb defect with one or more other anomalies, while in the RPS19-mutated group the frequency of both markers was lower (30%). RPL5 and RPL11 mutations seem to have more profound impact on fetal development than mutations in RPS19. Patients with an RPS26 mutation have no thumb anomalies, but they show other skeletal (ribs and neck) anomalies. Conclusions The incidence of DBA in the Czech Republic is calculated to be 8.1/1 million live births. We observed a higher frequency of associated anomalies (70%) than was previously reported. Mutations in RPs of the small ribosomal subunit were found in 14 families (60.9%), while 9 mutations in proteins of the large ribosomal subunit represented 39.1%, together amounting to 72% of resolved DBA cases in the Czech Republic. Four new mutations have not been described yet. We found significant genotype-phenotype correlations. National registries are therefore the important tool for better understanding of several aspects of the disease. The work was supported by grants 00023736 (RC, JC) and NT 11059 (DP) from the Ministry of Health, and MSM 6198959205 from the Ministry of Education, Czech Republic. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Yang, Jin, Sujiao Zheng, Xiaomen Wang, Wenwu Ye, Xiaobo Zheng, and Yuanchao Wang. "Identification of Resistance Genes to Phytophthora sojae in Domestic Soybean Cultivars from China Using Particle Bombardment." Plant Disease 104, no. 7 (July 2020): 1888–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-10-19-2201-re.
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Phytophthora root and stem rot caused by Phytophthora sojae is a destructive disease that afflicts soybean plants throughout the world. The use of resistant soybean cultivars is the primary means of managing this disease, as well as the most effective and economical approach. There are abundant soybean germplasm resources in China that could be deployed for breeding programs; however, the resistance genes (Rps genes) in most cultivars are unknown, leading to uncertainty concerning which are resistant cultivars for use. The resistance genes Rps1a, Rps1c, and Rps1k prevent root and stem rot caused by most P. sojae isolates within a Chinese field population. This study identified three Rps genes in Chinese domestic soybean cultivars using three related avirulence genes by particle bombardment. The complex genetic diversity of soybean cultivars and P. sojae strains has made it difficult to define single Rps genes without molecular involvement. Gene cobombardment is a method for identifying Rps genes quickly and specifically. We showed that cultivars Dongnong 60 and Henong 72 contained Rps1a, while Hedou 19, Henong 76, 75-3, Wandou 21020, Zheng 196, Wandou 28, Heinong 71, and Wandou 29 all contained Rps1c. The cultivars Jidou 12, Henong 72, Heinong 71, and Wandou 29 contained Rps1k. The cultivar Henong 72 contained both Rps1a and Rps1k, while Wandou 29 and Heinong 71 contained both Rps1c and Rps1k. We then evaluated the phenotype of 11 domestic soybean cultivars reacting to P. sojae using the isolates P6497 and Ps1. The 11 domestic cultivars were all resistant to P6497 and Ps1. This research provides source materials and parent plant strains containing Rps1a, Rps1c, and Rps1k for soybean breeding programs.
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Anthony, R. A., and S. W. Liebman. "Alterations in ribosomal protein RPS28 can diversely affect translational accuracy in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Genetics 140, no. 4 (August 1, 1995): 1247–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/140.4.1247.
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Abstract Three small-subunit ribosomal proteins shown to influence translational accuracy in Saccharomyces cerevisiae are conserved in structure and function with their procaryotic counterparts. One of these, encoded by RPS28A and RPS28B (RPS28), is comparable to bacterial S12. The others, encoded by sup44 (RPS4) or, sup46 and YS11A (RPS13), are homologues of procaryotic S5 and S4, respectively. In Escherichia coli, certain alterations in S12 cause hyperaccurate translation or antibiotic resistance that can be counteracted by other changes in S5 or S4 that reduce translational accuracy. Using site-directed and random mutagenesis, we show that different changes in RPS28 can have diametrical influences on translational accuracy or antibiotic sensitivity in yeast. Certain substitutions in the amino-terminal portion of the protein, which is diverged from the procaryotic homologues, cause varying levels of nonsense suppression or antibiotic sensitivity. Other alterations, found in the more conserved carboxyl-terminal portion, counteract SUP44- or SUP46-associated antibiotic sensitivity, mimicking E. coli results. Although mutations in these different parts of RPS28 have opposite affects on translational accuracy or antibiotic sensitivity, additive phenotypes can be observed when opposing mutations are combined in the same protein.
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Liu, Mi-Li, Wei-Bing Fan, Ning Wang, Peng-Bin Dong, Ting-Ting Zhang, Ming Yue, and Zhong-Hu Li. "Evolutionary Analysis of Plastid Genomes of Seven Lonicera L. Species: Implications for Sequence Divergence and Phylogenetic Relationships." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 19, no. 12 (December 14, 2018): 4039. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19124039.
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Plant plastomes play crucial roles in species evolution and phylogenetic reconstruction studies due to being maternally inherited and due to the moderate evolutionary rate of genomes. However, patterns of sequence divergence and molecular evolution of the plastid genomes in the horticulturally- and economically-important Lonicera L. species are poorly understood. In this study, we collected the complete plastomes of seven Lonicera species and determined the various repeat sequence variations and protein sequence evolution by comparative genomic analysis. A total of 498 repeats were identified in plastid genomes, which included tandem (130), dispersed (277), and palindromic (91) types of repeat variations. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) elements analysis indicated the enriched SSRs in seven genomes to be mononucleotides, followed by tetra-nucleotides, dinucleotides, tri-nucleotides, hex-nucleotides, and penta-nucleotides. We identified 18 divergence hotspot regions (rps15, rps16, rps18, rpl23, psaJ, infA, ycf1, trnN-GUU-ndhF, rpoC2-rpoC1, rbcL-psaI, trnI-CAU-ycf2, psbZ-trnG-UCC, trnK-UUU-rps16, infA-rps8, rpl14-rpl16, trnV-GAC-rrn16, trnL-UAA intron, and rps12-clpP) that could be used as the potential molecular genetic markers for the further study of population genetics and phylogenetic evolution of Lonicera species. We found that a large number of repeat sequences were distributed in the divergence hotspots of plastid genomes. Interestingly, 16 genes were determined under positive selection, which included four genes for the subunits of ribosome proteins (rps7, rpl2, rpl16, and rpl22), three genes for the subunits of photosystem proteins (psaJ, psbC, and ycf4), three NADH oxidoreductase genes (ndhB, ndhH, and ndhK), two subunits of ATP genes (atpA and atpB), and four other genes (infA, rbcL, ycf1, and ycf2). Phylogenetic analysis based on the whole plastome demonstrated that the seven Lonicera species form a highly-supported monophyletic clade. The availability of these plastid genomes provides important genetic information for further species identification and biological research on Lonicera.
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Gazda, Hanna T., Mee Rie Sheen, Adrianna Vlachos, Valerie Choesmel, Marie-Francoise O’Donohue, Hal Schneider, Natasha Darras, et al. "Identification of New Rare Sequence Changes in RP Genes in Diamond-Blackfan Anemia and Association of the RPL5 and RPL11 Mutations with Craniofacial and Thumb Malformations." Blood 112, no. 11 (November 16, 2008): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.39.39.
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Abstract Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA), a congenital bone marrow failure syndrome, is characterized by red blood cell aplasia, macrocytic anemia, clinical heterogeneity, and increased risk of malignancy. Although anemia is the most prominent feature of DBA, the disease is also characterized by growth retardation and congenital anomalies, present in ~30–47% of patients. The disease is associated with mutations in six ribosomal protein (RP) genes, S19, S24, S17, L35A, L5, and L11, in about 40–45% of patients. To continue our large scale screen of RP genes in a DBA population, we sequenced 12 RP genes, S15, L36, L31, L37A, S7, S27A, S14, S23, L3, L23, S17, and L27A in our DBA patient cohort of 200 families. We identified the second known mutation in RPS17 and possible pathogenic single mutations in four more RP genes, S7, L36, S15, and S27A. These are a donor splice site mutation (intron 2) in RPS7, a deletion of two nucleotides causing frameshift in RPS17 and RPL36, and two missense changes in RPS15 and RPS27A. Northern blot analysis demonstrated that lymphoblastoid cells from the patient with RPS7 mutation displayed higher levels of 45S and 30S pre-rRNAs compared to normal cells, similar to results in HeLa cells with siRNA-based knock-down of RPS7. There is a strong defect in 5′-ETS processing, resulting in accumulation of 45S and 30S pre-rRNAs, and a strong drop of levels of the 41S, 21S and 18S-E intermediates, whereas the amount of precursors to the large ribosomal subunit RNAs were unchanged. These results suggest that mutation of RPS7 in this DBA patient directly affects maturation of pre-rRNA. In addition, review of available medical data of 20 patients with mutations in RPL5 revealed that majority of them (14/20) have physical malformations including craniofacial, thumb and heart anomalies. Similarly, 12/18 patients with RPL11 mutations presented with physical malformations, while among 76 reported DBA patients with RPS19 mutations, only 35 (46%) had physical abnormalities. Remarkably, 9 of 14 patients with RPL5 mutations and physical abnormalities have cleft lip/ palate or cleft soft palate, isolated or in combination with other facial malformations and/or with other physical abnormalities such as heart or thumb anomalies. In contrast, none of 12 patients with RPL11 mutations and malformations have craniofacial abnormalities (p=0.007, Fisher’s exact test [FET]). Moreover, none of the 35 reported patients with RPS19 mutations and malformations presented with cleft lip and/or palate (p=9.745×10−7for RPL5 vs RPS19, FET). We conclude craniofacial clefting is associated with mutations in RPL5. In addition, 8/20 patients with mutated RPL5 and 8/18 patients with mutated RPL11 have thumb abnormalities, compared to only 9% of patients with RPS19 mutations. Moreover, congenital heart defects were found more often among patients with RPL5 mutations (5/20) compared with RPL11 (3/18) and RPS19 (4/76) (p=0.017 for RPL5 vs RPS19, FET). Strikingly, the majority (11/20) of patients with RPL5 mutations presented with multiple, severe abnormalities, including craniofacial, heart and/or thumb malformations. In contrast, patients with RPL11 and RPS19 mutations who presented with multiple physical abnormalities were uncommon, three patients out of 18, and 16 out of 76, respectively (p=0.02 for RPL5 vs RPL11 and p=0.0047 for RPL5 vs RPS19, FET). In summary, we identified single mutations in four genes as well as the second mutation in RPS17, suggesting that sequence changes in RPS7, RPS17, RPL36, RPS15, and RPS27A are rare events in DBA. Mutations in RPL5 are associated with multiple physical abnormalities including craniofacial, thumbs and heart anomalies, while thumb malformations are predominantly present in patients carrying mutations in RPL11.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "RPS18A"
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Buender, Til. "Structural, biochemical and genetic dissection of RPS19 function." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609522.
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Thomas, Franck. "Expression des gènes rpl23, rpl2, rps19 et rps19' du génome chloroplastique d'épinard : identification des produits de quelques gènes de protéines ribosomiques." Grenoble 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987GRE10171.
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Le genome chloroplastique d'epinard est constitue d'une molecule d'adn circulaire (140 kbp) organisee en 4 regions: une sequence unique (lsc) et une petite sequence unique (ssc) separees par deux regions inversees repetees (ira et irb). L'expression des genes rp12, rps19 et rps19' est etudie. Les techniques de clonage et de cartographie a la nuclease s1 ont peris de montrer que le gene rps19' n'est pas exprime "in vivo" dans le chloroplaste en raison de la co-transcription sur l'autre brin des genes psba et trn h-gug. Les genes rp12 et rps19 codent respectivement pour les proteines ribosomiques chloroplastiques d'epinard l4 et s23 fortement homologues aux l2 et s19 d'e. Coli
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Drager, Robert Gray. "Structure and transcript processing of a Euglena gracilis chloroplast operon encoding genes rps2, atpI, atpH, atpF, atpA and rps18." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186334.
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A 9.8 kbp region of the Euglena gracilis chloroplast genome has been cloned, sequenced and analyzed. This region contains six genes, rps2, rps18, atpI, atpH, atpF and atpA which encode ribosomal proteins S2 and S18 and ATP synthase subunits CFₒIV, CFₒIII, CFₒI and CF₁α, respectively. The linear order of these genes, 5'-rps2-atpI-atpH-atpF-atpA-rps18-3', is similar to that of land plant chloroplasts. These six genes are co-transcribed with two tRNA genes which are 5' to rps2. A fully spliced, 5.5 kb transcript containing all six genes accumulates. The spliced hexa-cistronic transcript is processed by intercistronic cleavage to mono-cistronic mRNAs. The 5' ends of the accumulated mono-cistronic transcripts map to single-stranded regions of the most stable secondary structure for each intercistronic sequence. There is no evidence for initiation of transcription in this region of the Euglena gracilis chloroplast genome. This Euglena chloroplast operon is interrupted by 17 introns. Nine of the introns are group III and seven are group II. All of the group III introns have potential secondary structures near their 3' ends which resemble domain VI of group II introns. The remaining intron is a complex twintron excised as four group III introns. This intron is comprised of two group III introns within the internal intron of a group III twintron. Two of the internal introns are excised from multiple splice sites. Two of the internal introns interrupt the domain VI-like structure of the host group III intron. The 16S rRNA sequence of Euglena chloroplasts is phylogenetically related to the 16S rRNA sequence of chromophyte chloroplasts, while the Euglena derived atpA amino acid sequence is more closely related to atpA sequences of chlorophyte chloroplasts than to atpA sequences of chromophyte chloroplasts. Too few chloroplast ribosomal protein sequences are available in the databases to perform meaningful phylogenetic analysis of rps2 or rps18. Although clustering of rps2 with the ATP synthase genes in chloroplasts of chlorophytes, rhodophytes, chromophytes and euglenophytes, but not prokaryotes, is evidence that chloroplasts are of mono-phyletic origin.
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Binder, Ann-Kathrin [Verfasser]. "Die prognostische Bedeutung von RPS15 Mutationen in der chronischen lymphatischen Leukämie / Ann-Kathrin Binder." Ulm : Universität Ulm, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1239180381/34.
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HILDEBRAND, MARK MICHAEL. "MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF STREPTOMYCIN RESISTANCE AND THE TRANS-SPLICING RPS12 GENE IN NICOTIANA TABACUM CHLOROPLASTS." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184063.
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Streptomycin resistance in E. coli ribosomes is conferred by alterations in the amino acid sequence of 30S ribosomal protein S12. The alterations result from point mutations at specific locations in the rps12 gene. A point mutation at a conserved nucleotide in the 16S rRNA gene, originally identified in Euglena gracilis chloroplasts, also confers streptomycin resistance to prokaryotic-like ribosomes. The Nicotiana tabacum mutant "SR1" possesses a chloroplast-linked streptomycin resistance allele. The results presented in this thesis identify a mutation in SR116S rRNA, which occurs at the same position as in streptomycin resistant Euglena mutants. The tobacco chloroplast rps12 gene has been characterized. This gene is expressed in a unique way; two separate transcripts encoding different portions of the gene undergo a bimolecular (trans-) splicing event during mRNA maturation. C-terminal rps12 exons 2 and 3 were identified in the inverted repeat regions of the tobacco chloroplast genome. Complementary DNA sequencing of mature rps12 mRNA allowed deduction of the remaining N-terminal (exon 1) sequence. Hybridizations with synthetic oligodeoxyribonucleotide primers complementary to the deduced RNA sequence located the coding region of exon 1 to be 29 kilobasepairs (kbp) downstream of the nearest copy, and 69 kbp away from, and on the opposite DNA strand of, the distal copy, of exons 2 and 3. Northern hybridization analysis and primer extension sequencing of cDNA of rps12 transcripts indicate that exon 1 and exons 2-3 are encoded on separate transcripts. Exon 1 and exons 2-3 are covalently ligated in mature rps12 mRNA. Therefore, the separate transcripts encoding exon 1 and exons 2-3 undergo a trans-splicing event during the maturation of rps12 mRNA. A complete cloned library of tobacco chloroplast DNA was obtained, consisting of overlapping Bam HI restriction fragments. Three new restriction maps of tobacco chloroplast DNA, for the enzymes Sma I, Kpn I, and Bam HI, were derived by two-dimensional gel analysis and a novel computer-aided mapping technique.
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Loc'h, Jérôme. "Etude structurale et fonctionnelle du sous-complexe Fap7-Rps14 impliqué dans la biogenèse du ribosome." Thesis, Paris 5, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA05P628.
Full textAbstract:
Plus de 200 facteurs pré-ribosomiques sont impliqués dans la maturation des ribosomes. La majorité de ces facteurs sont essentiels à la survie cellulaire, mais la fonction précise de la plupart d’entre eux demeure inconnue. Une des dernières étapes de maturation de la petite sous-unité du ribosome est le clivage du pré-ARNr 20S en ARNr 18S mature. Ce clivage est réalisé par l'endonucléase Nob1 et nécessite également la présence de la NTPase Fap7 ainsi que d’une pléthore d’autres facteurs pré-ribosomiques. La fonction de Fap7 est particulièrement intrigante, car l'homologue humain hCINAP possède une activité adénylate kinase, activité enzymatique qui n’est généralement pas liée à la biogenèse des particules ribonucléoprotéiques. En outre, la fonction de Fap7 est intimement liée à son interaction avec la protéine ribosomique Rps14. La partie C-terminale de Rps14 est essentielle pour le clivage au niveau du site D et est située à proximité de l’extrémité 3’ de l’ARNr 18S dans le ribosome mature. La suppression de cette protéine provoque le syndrome 5q qui est phénotypiquement proche de l’anémie de Diamond-Blackfan. Ces deux protéines interviennent également au niveau d’une voie de régulation de p53 qui est dérégulée dans de nombreux cancers. La combinaison d’études structurales par cristallographie aux rayons X, d’études enzymatiques sur des protéines recombinantes ainsi que des tests de maturation in vitro réalisés sur des pré-ribosomes purifiés, nous a permis de mieux appréhender la fonction de Fap7 au sein de la sous-unité pré-40S du ribosome. Nous avons également montré que l'interaction Fap7-Rps14 est impliquée dans un changement conformationnel majeur au cœur des pré-ribosomes et que cette réorganisation est nécessaire afin d'exposer le site D pour le clivage par l’endonucléase Nob1Over 200 pre-ribosomal factors involved in the maturation of ribosomes. Most of these factors are essential to cell survival, but the precise function of most of these factors remains elusive. One of the last steps of maturation of the small subunit of the ribosome is the cleavage of 20S pre-rRNA in 18S rRNA in the cytoplasm. This cleavage is carried out by the endonuclease Nob1 and also requires the presence of other factors such as the methyltransferase Dim1, and a plethora of NTPases including the Rio protein kinases, Prp43 and its cofactor Pfa1, the Ltv1 GTPase and the Fap7 NTPase. The function of Fap7 is especially intriguing since the human homologue bears Adenylate activity, an enzymatic activity not usually linked to ribonucleoprotein biogenesis. In addition, the function of Fap7 is intimately linked its interaction with the Rps14 ribosomal protein. The Rps14 C-terminal is essential of D site cleavage and is located in proximity to the 18S C-terminus in the mature ribosome. The deletion of this protein causes the 5q syndrome that is phenotypically close to Diamond Blackfan anemia. The link between the enzymatic activity of Fap7 and its role in ribosome biogenesis remains enigmatic. Using a combination of structural studies by X-ray crystallography, small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) in solution, enzymatic studies on purified proteins, and in vitro D site cleavage reaction assays on purified pre-ribosomes, we were able to uncover the function of Fap7 within pre-40S ribosomes. We show that the Fap7/Rps14 interaction is involved in a major conformational change at the heart of the pre-ribosomes and that this structural rearrangement is necessary to expose the D-site for cleavage by the endonuclease Nob1
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Matsson, Hans. "Studies of the Ribosomal Protein S19 in Erythropoiesis." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-4283.
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Burlacu, Elena. "Probing ribosomal RNA structural rearrangements : a time lapse of ribosome assembly dynamics." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/17072.
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Ribosome synthesis is a very complex and energy consuming process in which pre-ribosomal RNA (pre-rRNA) processing and folding events, sequential binding of ribosomal proteins and the input of approximately 200 trans-acting ribosome assembly factors need to be tightly coordinated. In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, ribosome assembly starts in the nucleolus with the formation of a very large 90S-sized complex. This ~2.2MDa pre-ribosomal complex is subsequently processed into the 40S and 60S assembly intermediates (pre-40S and pre-60S), which subsequently mature largely independently. Although we have a fairly complete picture of the protein composition of these pre-ribosomes, still very little is known about the rRNA structural rearrangements that take place during the assembly of the 40S and 60S subunits and the role of the ribosome assembly factors in this process. To address this, the Granneman lab developed a method called ChemModSeq, which made it possible to generate nucleotide resolution maps of RNA flexibility in ribonucleoprotein complexes by combining SHAPE chemical probing, high-throughput sequencing and statistical modelling. By applying ChemModSeq to ribosome assembly intermediates, we were able to obtain nucleotide resolution insights into rRNA structural rearrangements during late (cytoplasmic) stages of 40S assembly and for the early (nucleolar) stages of 60S assembly. The results revealed structurally distinct cytoplasmic pre-40S particles in which rRNA restructuring events coincide with the hierarchical dissociation of assembly factors. These rearrangements are required to trigger stable incorporation of a number of ribosomal proteins and the completion of the head domain. Rps17, one of the ribosomal proteins that fully assembled into pre-40S complexes only at a later assembly stage, was further characterized. Surprisingly, my ChemModSeq analyses of nucleolar pre-60S complexes indicated that most of the rRNA folding steps take place at a very specific stage of maturation. One of the most striking observations was the stabilization of 5.8S pre-rRNA region, which coincided with the dissociation of the assembly factor Rrp5 and stable incorporation of a number of ribosomal proteins.
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Dias, Sandra Martha Gomes. "Identificação, clonagem, estrutura e transcrição do loco genico mitocondrial nad3-rps12 de Coix lacryma-job L." [s.n.], 1999. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/316477.
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Orientador: Anete Pereira de SouzaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-25T01:37:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dias_SandraMarthaGomes_M.pdf: 7578353 bytes, checksum: 742e89735a431a4c7c34d2d5348b7bb4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1999
Resumo: Com o objetivo de identificar e clonar um gene novo do DNA mitocondrial (DNAmt) de Coix lacryma-jobi L. (coix), utilizou-se a estratégia da hibridização heteróloga. Para tanto amplificou-se por PCR um fragmento correspondente a um quadro de leitura aberto ("open reading frame"-oif), denominado orf167, presente no DNAmt da briófita Marchantia polymorpha, e tido como um possível gene. Marcou-se radioativamente e utilizou-se esta sequência como sonda em hibridizações com o DNAmt de coix digerido com várias enzimas. Identificou-se um fragmento homólogo Bgl II/ Bgl II de 1,4 kb, o qual foi clonado em pBluescript. Elaborou-se o mapa de restrição deste fragmento e localizou-se nele a exata região de homologia com a orf167. A região de homologia estava presente em um fragmento interno de 0,5 kb Spe I / Pvu II. Este fragmento de 0,5 kb, homólogo à orf167, foi utilizado em hibridizações com o DNArmt de várias espécies de plantas superiores (alfafa, batata, coix, couve-flor, ervilha, milho e soja), verificando-se que o mesmo correspondia a uma seqüência altamente conservada. Este mesmo fragmento foi também hibridizado em membranas contendo o RNAmt tota de oix e de outras espécies de plantas superiores (milho e couve flor). Os resultados revelaram que ele é transcrito na mitocôndria das espécies analisadas. O fragmento original de 1,4 kb Bgl II / Bgl II foi divido em 5 subfragmentos, os quais foram clonados e sequenciados. Após a análise da homologia desta sequência com outras presentes nos bancos de dados, verificou-se que o fragmento de 1,4 kb Bgl II./ Bgl II, isolado do DNAmt de coix, contém um "cluster" gênico onde estão presentes o gene que codifica o tRNA serina (tRNAScr), um pseudo-gene provavelmente originado do tRNA fenilananina (tRNAPhe), os genes nad3 e rps12. Tais genes presentes em coix são muito similares àqueles presentes em trigo e milho, os quais se organizam também em um "c1uster" gênico muito similar ao existente em coix. Estudos de expressão realizados através de "Northern Blotting" e RT ¿PCR mostraram que os genes tRNA ser, nad3 e rps12 são transcritos, sendo os dois últimos cotranscritos. Vinte e três elones de cDNA dos transcritos dos genes nad3 e rps12 foram seqüenciados, e tiveram suas sequências comparadas com a seqüência genômica. Encontrou-se 21 sítios de edição nos transcritos do gene nad3 e 8 sítios nos transcritos do gene rps12. Após comparações entre a sequência de aminoácidos predita a partir do clone genômico e do cDNA, observou-se que todas as edições modificam o aminoácido especificado pelo codon onde O evento de edição foi detectado, tornando a sequência de aminoácidos editada diferente da prevista pela sequência genômica. Vinte sítios de edição no gene nad3, e 6 no gene rps12, alteram a identidade do codon, de modo a especificar um aminoácido mais conservado durante a evolução entre diferentes espécies vegetais. Os outros três sítios, sendo I no gene nad3 e 2 no gene rps12, acarretam mudanças raras, espécie-específicas e não conservativas. Todos os 23 elones de cDNA investigados estavam diferentemente editados, predominando os cDNAs com sítios parcialmente editados. Não foi encontrada nenhuma orientação preferencial (5' para 3', ou 3' para 5') para o processamento da edição. Discute-se os motivos do reconhecimento do gene nad3 de coix pela orf167 de M. polymorpha
Abstract: We have cloned and sequenced the nad3 and rps12 mithocondrial genes from Coix lacryma-jobi L., whose sequence were found to be similar to the corresponding genes in wheat and maize. In addition, we have indentified a tRNA Ser and a pseudo-tRNA genes on the 5¿ upstream of nad3, generating a locus organization which is identical to what has been observed in wheat and maize. The locus identification was performed with a heterologous hibridization using the mitochondrial probe orf167 from Marchantia polymorpha. The gene expression was analysed using NoI1hern hybridization and RT -PCR, indicating that nad3 and rps12 gene were cotranscribed in a 1.3 kb RNA molecule. Concernig the RNA editing, we have found 21 and 8 sites in the nad3 and rps12 genes respectively. In general terms, the observed coix mRNA editing has changed the codon identities in such a way that the NAD3- and RPS12- protein aminoacid sequence was kept closer to the corresponding ones in other organisms. However, we have detected three specie-specific editing sites which were not conservative. As for the editing processing, we have analysed 23 cDNA clones which showed different editing pattems. A predominance of partial editing was observed where the edited sites were randomly distributed.
Mestrado
Genetica Vegetal e Melhoramento
Mestre em Genética e Biologia Molecular
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Elorza, Godoy Alvaro. "Etude de l'expression des gènes nucléaires codant pour les protéïnes͏ mitochondriales RPS14 et SDH2 chez Arabidopsis thaliana." Bordeaux 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR21094.
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La biogenèse mitochondriale dépend de l'expression du génome nucléaire. Nous avons étudié l'expression chez Arabidopsis thaliana du gène pour la protéine ribosomale S14 (RPS14) et des 3 gènes SDH2 de la sous-unité fer-soufre du complexe II de la chaîne respiratoire (succinate déshydrogénase). RPS14, SDH2-2 s'expriment dans tous les organes des plantes adultes. Leurs transcrits sont plus abondants dans les fleurs et en particulier dans le tapis et le pollen des anthères, en accord avec le rôle connu dans les mitochondries dans le développement floral. L'analyse des promoteurs a montré que les séquences responsables de l'expression dans les anthères sont différentes chez SDH2-1 et SDH2-2, et que les 2 gènes s'expriment de façon différente dans les extrémités des racines. Le troisième SDH2 s'exprime seulement au cours de la maturation de l'embryon, contrôlé par une région du promoteur comprise entre - 220 et - 65. Le niveau du transcrit est élevé dans les graines sèches mais diminue rapidement au cours de la germination. L'expression différentielle des trois gènes SDH2 constitue la première évidence pour des rôles physiologiques différentsMitochondrial biogenesis requires expression of nuclear genes. We have characterized the expression of the gene encoding the S14 ribosomal protein (RPS14) and of the three SDH2 genes for the iron-sulfur subunit of respiratory complex II (succinate deshydrogenase) in Arabidopsis thaliana. RPS14, SDH2-1 and SDH2-2 are expressed in all organs from adult plants. Their transcript levels are higher in flowers, particularly in pollen and tapetum, in agreement with the known mitochondrial role in flower development. Promoter analysis showed that different promoter sequences are responsible for another expression in SDH2-1 and SDH2-2, and that both genes are differentially expressed in root tips. The third SDH2 gene is expressed only during embryo maturation, under the control of a promoter region located between - 220 and - 65. Opposite to SDH2-1, SDH2-2 and RPS14, SDH2-3 transcript level is high in dry seeds but decreases during germination. This is the first evidence for non-redundant functions of the three SDH2 genes. Our results show that expression of the nuclear genes for the mitochondrial proteins RPS14 and SDH2 is regulated during A. Thaliana development
Book chapters on the topic "RPS18A"
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Murguia-Favela, Luis. "Isolated Congenital Asplenia (ICA) and Mutations in RPSA." In Encyclopedia of Medical Immunology, 1–3. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9209-2_65-1.
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Murguia-Favela, Luis. "Isolated Congenital Asplenia (ICA) and Mutations in RPSA." In Encyclopedia of Medical Immunology, 407–9. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8678-7_65.
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Zhu, Li-Qun, Gino V. Baron, and Harry Verelst. "RPSA Air Separation: Influence of Selectivities and Transport Properties of the Adsorbents on the Performance." In The Kluwer International Series in Engineering and Computer Science, 1067–74. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1375-5_133.
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Löffelhardt, W., C. Michalowski, M. Kraus, B. Pfanzagl, C. Neumann-Spallart, J. Jakowitsch, M. Brandtner, and H. J. Bohnert. "Rps10 and 6 other Ribosomal Protein Genes from the S10/Spc-Operon not Encountered On Higher Plant Plastid DNA ARE Located on the Cyanelle Genome of Cyanophora Paradoxa." In The Translational Apparatus of Photosynthetic Organelles, 155–65. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75145-5_13.
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"RPSA." In Encyclopedia of Medical Immunology, 577. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8678-7_300311.
Full textConference papers on the topic "RPS18A"
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Schroeder, Art J., Christopher A. Haver, and James E. Chitwood. "RPSEA: Ultradeepwater Program." In Offshore Technology Conference. Offshore Technology Conference, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/20309-ms.
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Head, William Joseph, and James Marcus Pappas. "RPSEA Riser Technologies and Strategies." In Offshore Technology Conference. Offshore Technology Conference, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/24195-ms.
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Ming, Charles Michael. "RPSEA: Securing Energy for America." In Offshore Technology Conference. Offshore Technology Conference, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/20310-ms.
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Xiao-Rong Cui, Zheng-Song Peng, Jun Yang, Yi-Ling Hou, Xiang Ding, and Wan-Ruhou. "Cloning and sequence analysis of ribosomal protein S18 gene (RPS18) from Ailuropoda melanoleuca." In 2012 International Conference on Computer Science and Information Processing (CSIP). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/csip.2012.6308906.
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Letton, Chip, and Bob Webb. "Improvements to Deepwater Subsea Measurement: RPSEA Project 07121-1301." In Offshore Technology Conference. Offshore Technology Conference, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/23134-ms.
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Pappas, James Marcus, and Donald Richardson. "Overview of Subsea Monitoring and Inspection Technologies Development in RPSEA." In Offshore Technology Conference. Offshore Technology Conference, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/23183-ms.
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Toskey, Eric D. "Improvements to Deepwater Subsea Measurements RPSEA Program: ROV-Assisted Measurement." In Offshore Technology Conference. Offshore Technology Conference, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/23317-ms.
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Toskey, Eric D. "Improvements to Deepwater Subsea Measurements RPSEA Program: Evaluation of Flow Modelling." In Offshore Technology Conference. Offshore Technology Conference, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/23314-ms.
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Zeng-Li Fan, Jun Yang, Yi-Ling Hou, Xiang Ding, Wan-Ru Hou, and Xiao-Rong Cui. "Cloning and sequence analysis of ribosomal protein S10 gene (RPS10) from Ailuropoda melanoleuca." In 2012 International Conference on Computer Science and Information Processing (CSIP). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/csip.2012.6308913.
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Zanker, Klaus, and G. J. Stobie. "Improvements to Deepwater Subsea Measurements RPSEA Program: Meter Alteration Effects From Fouling and Erosion." In Offshore Technology Conference. Offshore Technology Conference, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/23199-ms.
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