Relevant bibliographies by topics / Structural analogs

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Structural analogs'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 14 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Structural analogs"

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Gao, Wenli, Annie Pei-Chun Chen, Chung-Hang Leung, Elizabeth A. Gullen, Alois Fürstner, Qian Shi, Linyi Wei, Kuo-Hsiung Lee, and Yung-Chi Cheng. "Structural analogs of tylophora alkaloids may not be functional analogs." Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters 18, no. 2 (January 2008): 704–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.11.054.

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Babkin, I. Yu, G. V. Nazarov, S. E. Galan, O. P. Yudina, A. Yu Lamanov, M. V. Gutsalyuk, and A. V. Aksenov. "Synthesis of structural analogs of epibatidine." Russian Chemical Bulletin 64, no. 2 (February 2015): 466–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11172-015-0888-4.

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Jankowitsch, Frank, Julia Schwarz, Valentino Konjik, Carmen Schneider, and Matthias Mack. "Antivitamine oder Trojanische Pferde in der Mikrobiologie." BIOspektrum 27, no. 3 (May 2021): 240–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12268-021-1573-9.

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AbstractVitamin analogs can be potent antibiotics. We exemplarily study the structural riboflavin (vitamin B2) analog roseoflavin synthesized by Streptomyces davaonensis to pave the way for the structured analysis of other vitamin analogs yet to be discovered. We investigate the biosynthesis of roseoflavin, its mechanism of action, and the resistance mechanism of the producer. As riboflavin is the most important organic cofactor roseoflavin has a broad impact on the soil microbiome.
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Kim, Minseon, Jinyoung Son, and Yongae Kim. "Structural and Mechanismic Studies of Lactophoricin Analog, Novel Antibacterial Peptide." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 7 (April 2, 2021): 3734. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22073734.

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Naturally derived antibacterial peptides exhibit excellent pharmacological action without the risk of resistance, suggesting a potential role as biologicals. Lactophoricin-I (LPcin-I), found in the proteose peptone component-3 (PP3; lactophorin) of bovine milk, is known to exhibit antibiotic activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Accordingly, we derived a new antibacterial peptide and investigated its structure–function relationship. This study was initiated by designing antibacterial peptide analogs with better antibacterial activity, less cytotoxicity, and shorter amino acid sequences based on LPcin-I. The structural properties of antibacterial peptide analogs were investigated via spectroscopic analysis, and the antibacterial activity was confirmed by measurement of the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). The structure and mechanism of the antibacterial peptide analog in the cell membrane were also studied via solution-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and solid-state NMR spectroscopy. Through 15N one-dimensional and two-dimensional NMR experiments and 31P NMR experiments, we suggest the 3D morphology and antibacterial mechanism in the phospholipid bilayer of the LPcin analog. This study is expected to establish a system for the development of novel antibacterial peptides and to establish a theoretical basis for research into antibiotic substitutes.
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Sessler, Jonathan L., Rebecca S. Zimmerman, Christophe Bucher, Vladimír Král, and Bruno Andrioletti. "Calixphyrins. Hybrid macrocycles at the structural crossroads between porphyrins and calixpyrroles." Pure and Applied Chemistry 73, no. 7 (July 1, 2001): 1041–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200173071041.

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Calixphyrins are a class of hybrid molecules that lie at the structural crossroads between porphyrins and calixpyrroles. Porphyrins, long known for their versatile metal cation coordination chemistry, are macrocycles that contain only sp2-hybridized bridging meso carbon atoms within their framework. Calix[n]pyrroles, on the other hand, are porphyrin analogs that contain pyrroles bridged exclusively by sp3 meso carbon centers, and in recent years have been shown to display remarkable anion-binding properties. Calix[n]phyrins bear analogy to both the porphyrins and calixpyrroles and are macrocyclic analogs that contain a mixture of sp2- and sp3-hybridized meso carbon bridges. This leads to partial interruptions in the conjugation pathway of the molecule, introduces novel structural features, and leads to interesting anion and cation recognition properties. It also allows for modular syntheses. In the present paper, the chemistry of calix[n]phyrins, still at an early stage of exploration, is reviewed.
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Shvachkin, Yu P., A. A. Shishkina, and L. A. Kolomeitseva. "Synthesis of new structural analogs of tetragastrin." Chemistry of Natural Compounds 23, no. 1 (1987): 134–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00602490.

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Falck, J. R., U. Murali Krishna, Y. Krishna Reddy, P. Srinagesh Kumar, K. Malla Reddy, Sarah B. Hittner, Christine Deeter, Kamalesh K. Sharma, Kathryn M. Gauthier, and William B. Campbell. "Comparison of vasodilatory properties of 14,15-EET analogs: structural requirements for dilation." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 284, no. 1 (January 1, 2003): H337—H349. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00831.2001.

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Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are endothelium-derived eicosanoids that activate potassium channels, hyperpolarize the membrane, and cause relaxation. We tested 19 analogs of 14,15-EET on vascular tone to determine the structural features required for activity. 14,15-EET relaxed bovine coronary arterial rings in a concentration-related manner (ED50 = 10−6 M). Changing the carboxyl to an alcohol eliminated dilator activity, whereas 14,15-EET-methyl ester and 14,15-EET-methylsulfonimide retained full activity. Shortening the distance between the carboxyl and epoxy groups reduced the agonist potency and activity. Removal of all three double bonds decreased potency. An analog with a Δ8 double bond had full activity and potency. However, the analogs with only a Δ5 or Δ11 double bond had reduced potency. Conversion of the epoxy oxygen to a sulfur or nitrogen resulted in loss of activity. 14( S),15( R)-EET was more potent than 14( R),15( S)-EET, and 14,15-( cis)-EET was more potent than 14,15-( trans)-EET. These studies indicate that the structural features of 14,15-EET required for relaxation of the bovine coronary artery include a carbon-1 acidic group, a Δ8 double bond, and a 14( S),15( R)-( cis)-epoxy group.
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Shustova, Ekaterina A. "HETEROCYCLIZATION REACTIONS OF NITROACETONITRILES AND THEIR STRUCTURAL ANALOGS." NATURAL SCIENCES 59, no. 2 (2017): 110–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21672/1818-507x-2017-59-2-110-132.

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Dadiboyena, Sureshbabu, and Ashton T. Hamme II. "Synthesis of Celecoxib and Structural Analogs- A Review." Current Organic Chemistry 16, no. 11 (May 1, 2012): 1390–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138527212800672664.

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Jung, Byunghyuck, Jungkyu K. Lee, Jungnam Kim, Eunhye K. Kang, Sang Yeong Han, Hee‐Yoon Lee, and Insung S. Choi. "Synthetic Strategies for (−)‐Cannabidiol and Its Structural Analogs." Chemistry – An Asian Journal 14, no. 21 (October 8, 2019): 3749–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/asia.201901179.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Structural analogs"

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Park, Ju-Hyun. "Magneto-structural and magneto-optical studies of Prussian blue analogs." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0013792.

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Liu, Zhihong. "Structural analysis of amylin and its analogs by NMR spectroscopy /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8657.

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Cheng, Chang-Chung. "Syntheses of chorismate analogs for investigation of structural requirements for chorismate mutase." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/17370.

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Wallace, Raye Ann. "The interaction of structural analogs of dopamine, chlorpromazine and sulpiride with striatal dopamine receptors /." The Ohio State University, 1987. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487586889186522.

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Knapp, Steven E. "Synthesis and Structural Analysis of Novel Bis(triazole) UDP Analogs as Potential Glycosyl Transferase Inhibitors." Connect to resource online, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1229371574.

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Juntunen, K. (Kari). "Functional and structural characterization of nuclear vitamin D receptor and its ligand binding domain." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2002. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514268784.

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Abstract The hormonally active form of vitamin D, 1,25(OH)2D3, is involved in many biological functions throughout the body, such as regulation of calcium and phosphate homeostasis, bone remodeling and controlling cell proliferation and differentiation. Vitamin D receptor (VDR), a member of the nuclear hormone receptor (NHR) super family, mediates those genomic actions of 1,25 (OH)2D3 by actively repressing or activating its target genes. In the present study recombinant human nuclear VDR and its ligand binding domain (LBD) were expressed in Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) insect cells and in E.coli. Recombinant proteins were purified and their biochemical and biophysical properties were characterized. Recombinant VDR was shown to bind to the vitamin D response element (VDRE) of osteopontin and osteocalcin genes as a homodimer or as a heterodimer with the retinoid X receptor (RXR)-αΔAB. Full-length VDR and its LBD were demonstrated to bind natural ligand 1,25 (OH)2D3 with high affinity. The binding affinities of several vitamin D analogs were also determined. Ligand binding induced conformational change within the receptor was studied using several methods such as partial proteolytic digestion, small angle neutron scattering (SANS), native gel electrophoresis and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. Results indicate that ligand binding induces conformational change within VDR and different 1,25(OH)2D3 analogs might induce a somewhat different conformation within the receptor. This is seen as an unequal capacity of analogs to stabilize receptor against proteases or heat and as differences in the promotion of receptor homodimerization. Compared to other nuclear hormone receptors, VDR presents a large insertion region at the N-terminal part of the LBD between helices H1 and H3, encoded by an additional exon. In the present study this additional exon was deleted and the properties of mutated LBD were compared to the wild type LBD. Biochemical analyses indicated that the mutant protein exhibits the same ligand binding, dimerization with RXR and transactivation properties as the wild-type VDR, suggesting that the insertion region does not affect these main functions. Furthermore, solution studies by small angle X-ray scattering indicated that the insertion region in the VDR locates on the surface of molecule and it is not structurally well ordered.
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Rowand, Judith K. "Comparative structural studies of proteolyzed human thrombin forms and bovine thrombin through use of hirudin analogs /." The Ohio State University, 1991. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487688973685458.

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Bonano, Julie S. "Structural Determinants of Abuse-Related Neurochemical and Behavioral Effects of Para-Substituted Methcathinone Analogs in Rats." VCU Scholars Compass, 2015. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3911.

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Methcathinone (MCAT) is the β-ketone analog of methamphetamine, and like its amphetamine analog, MCAT functions as a monoamine releaser that selectively promotes the release of dopamine (DA) and norepinephrine (NE) over serotonin (5-HT). MCAT produces amphetamine-like psychostimulant effects and is classified as a Schedule I drug of abuse by the United States Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA). Recently, synthetic MCAT analogs have emerged as designer drugs of abuse in Europe and the United States and have been marketed under deceptively benign names like “bath salts” in an attempt to evade legal restriction. These dangerous, recently emergent and novel drugs of abuse display varying selectivity to promote release of DA/NE vs. 5-HT, and selectivity for DA neurotransmission is believed to correlate with abuse liability. The goal of this dissertation was to conduct preclinical research to examine structural determinants of abuse-related behavioral and neurochemical effects produced by a series of synthetic MCAT analogs. Specifically, this project focused on one feature of the methcathinone scaffold: the para substituent of the benzene ring. A series of six novel MCAT analogs will be examined to evaluate how physicochemical parameters (steric, Es; electronic, σp; lipophilic, πp) of the para substituent influence in vitro monoamine transporter selectivity as well as in vivo neurochemical and behavioral effects. Results from this body of work implicate steric factors as being particularly important in determining a compound’s abuse-related neurochemical and behavioral effects. Thus, these data not only offer an improved understanding of the mechanism of abuse-related drug effects produced by synthetic MCAT analogs, but also help in the generation of homology models of the human DA and 5-HT transporters (DAT and SERT, respectively).
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Parameswar, Archana R. "Towards development of a fully synthetic conjugate vaccine investigation of structural analogs of Streptococcus pneumoniae serogroup 6 /." Diss., St. Louis, Mo. : University of Missouri--St. Louis, 2008. http://etd.umsl.edu/r3161.

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Musca, Vanessa. "Elucidating the Important Structural Features of Aryl Glycosides and Antifreeze Glycoprotein Disaccharide Analogs for Ice Recrystallization Inhibition." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35653.

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Cryopreservation of human red blood cells (RBCs) extends the storage time from 42 days (hypothermic storage limit) to a maximum of 10 years. While this reduces the possibility of RBC shortages in emergency situations, this preservation method is currently limited to individuals with rare blood phenotypes, patients who require autologous blood transfusions, and military applications. Furthermore, cryopreservation is associated with a high degree of cellular damage, which can subsequently reduce the viability of cells post-thaw. The cellular damage incurred upon cryopreservation is primarily attributed to the process of ice recrystallization. To reduce the degree of cellular damage, cryoprotective agents (CPAs) are used. Currently, 10 % dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) and 40 % glycerol are used for the cryopreservation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and human RBCs respectively. Unfortunately, these CPAs do not provide protection against ice recrystallization. The biological antifreezes (BAs) consisting of antifreeze proteins (AFPs) and antifreeze glycoproteins (AFGPs) were identified as the first inhibitors of ice recrystallization. Consequently, the Ben laboratory is interested in synthesizing small molecule carbohydrate-based inhibitors of ice recrystallization that can be used as an alternative to glycerol or DMSO for the cryopreservation of various cell types. Therefore, this thesis focuses on elucidating important structural features of carbohydrate-based derivatives that are responsible for IRI activity. The first part of this study examines the importance of the anomeric oxygen atom of aryl glycosides for IRI activity. Our laboratory previously demonstrated that the O-linked aryl glycosides are effective inhibitors of ice recrystallization. However, the influence of stereoelectronic effects at the C1 position of aryl glycosides on IRI activity has not been investigated. As a result, N- and S-linked aryl glycosides were synthesized in this study and their IRI activities were compared to that of the O-linked aryl glycosides. These results suggest that a stronger exo-anomeric effect exhibited by the C1 nitrogen derivatives reduces the IRI activity of aryl glycosides. The second part of this study focuses on the synthesis of AFGP disaccharide analogs. While the β-(1,3) glycosidic linkage found in native AFGP-8 was previously assessed for its influence on IRI activity, an extensive structure-function analysis of AFGP disaccharide analogs has not yet been performed. As a result, an AFGP disaccharide analog was designed whereby a para-methoxyphenyl (PMP) substituent was incorporated. This was done to assess whether the PMP substituent could enhance the lack of IRI activity exhibited previously with AFGP disaccharide analogs. Although the synthesis of this disaccharide target was not completed, a number of advantageous developments have been made regarding the glycosylation of N-acetyl-D-glycosamine derivatives. In addition, the PMP-GlcNAc intermediate encountered in disaccharide synthesis was assessed for its IRI activity, confirming that the acetamido (NHAc) function is not required for IRI activity.
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Books on the topic "Structural analogs"

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Skousen, Royal. Analogy and Structure. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992.

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Skousen, Royal. Analogy and Structure. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8098-4.

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Analogy and structure. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1992.

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Jenkner, Ingrid. Analogous structures. Guelph, Ont: Macdonald Stewart Art Centre, 1988.

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McConaghy, Trent. Variation-Aware Analog Structural Synthesis. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009.

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McConaghy, Trent, Pieter Palmers, Peng Gao, Michiel Steyaert, and Georges Gielen. Variation-Aware Analog Structural Synthesis. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2906-5.

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Mohammed, Ismail, Kayal Maher, and SpringerLink (Online service), eds. Structured Analog CMOS Design. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009.

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Stefanović, Danica, and Maher Kayal. Structured Analog CMOS Design. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8573-4.

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Linguistic representation: Structural analogy and stratification. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 1992.

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Jenkner, Ingrid. Analogous Structures: [exhibition catalogue]. Guelph: Macdonald Stewart Art Centre, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Structural analogs"

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Schwartz, Arthur G., and Laura L. Pashko. "Biologic and Therapeutic Effects of Dehydroepiandrosterone and Structural Analogs." In Cancer Chemoprevention, 291–300. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-767-3_19.

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Shternberg, A. A., G. S. Mironova, O. V. Zvereva, and M. V. Molomina. "Structural Analogs of α-Quartz — Aluminum and Gallium Orthophosphates." In Growth of Crystals, 117–22. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3660-4_11.

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Schwartz, Arthur G., Laura L. Pashko, Laura A. Hastings, Jeannette H. Whitcomb, and Marvin L. Lewbart. "Chemoprevention of Experimental Tumorigenesis by Dehydroepiandrosterone and Structural Analogs." In Chemical Carcinogenesis, 361–68. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9640-7_41.

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Basava, Channa, and Karl Y. Hostetler. "Structural determinants for the design of superpotent analogs of human calcitonin." In Peptides, 20–22. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2264-1_3.

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Felder, E., T. Allmendinger, H. Fritz, E. Hungerbühler, and M. Keller. "Synthesis and structural characterization of substance P analogs containing a fluoroolefin peptide bond mimic." In Peptides, 161–62. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2264-1_57.

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Antonietti, Alessandro. "Analogy/Analogies: Structure and Process." In Encyclopedia of the Sciences of Learning, 234–35. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1428-6_10.

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Główka, Marek L., Dariusz Martynowski, Andrzej Olczak, and Alina Staszewska. "Cinnoline Analogs of Quinolones: Structural Consequences of the N Atom Introduction in the Position 2." In Molecular Modeling and Prediction of Bioactivity, 299–300. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4141-7_50.

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Mistry, J. S., D. J. Abraham, and I. Hanin. "Structural Analogs of AF64A: Synthesis and their Effects on High Affinity Choline Transport and QNB Binding." In Advances in Behavioral Biology, 639–44. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2179-8_72.

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Aber, James S., David G. Croot, and Mark M. Fenton. "Glaciotectonic Analogs." In Glaciotectonic Landforms and Structures, 169–82. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-6841-8_11.

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Danko, Stefania J., and Hiroshi Suzuki. "The Use of Metal Fluoride Compounds as Phosphate Analogs for Understanding the Structural Mechanism in P-type ATPases." In P-Type ATPases, 195–209. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3179-8_19.

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Conference papers on the topic "Structural analogs"

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Aydin, O., and J. K. Caers. "Modeling Structural Uncertainty in Depositional Domain Using Structural Analogs." In 77th EAGE Conference and Exhibition - Workshops. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201413557.

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Erickson, L. A., P. W. Bergum, E. V. Hubert, N. Y. Theriault, E. F. Rehberg, D. P. Palermo, G. A. W. deMunk, J. H. Verheijen, and K. R. Marotti. "ENHANCEMENT AND INHIBITION OF THE ACTIVITY OF RECOMBINANT ANALOGS OF TISSUE PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643844.

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Both the affinity of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) for fibrin, which is associated with enhancement of its activity, and its susceptibility to inhibition contribute to the ability of this molecule to initiate vascular fibrinolysis. Full-length tPA is thought to consist of five structural regions designated the finger (F), growth factor-like (G), kringle 1 (K1), kringle 2 (K2), and protease (P) domains. Previous studies have suggested that the interaction of tPA with fibrin is primarily dependent upon the presence of the F and K2 domains, with its inhibition minimally requiring an intact active site. We have generated analogs of tPA with which to study further the relationship between the structure and the function of these domains. Synthetic DNA molecules, encoding specific tPA analogs and containing unique restriction sites in the interdomain regions, were expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Serum-free media conditioned by transfected cells were then analyzed for both tPA antigen and activity. Analogs studied thus far include the full-length molecule FGK1K2P, GK1K2P, FK1K2P, FGK2P, FGK1P, FGK2K1P, and FK2P. In each case, samples of conditioned medium contained from 100 to 200 ng of tPA-like material per ml. Based on active-site titration of immunopurified analogs with 3H-DFP and assessment of tPA activity in the presence of CNBr-digested fibrinogen, the specific activities of analogs containing the K2 domain adjacent to the P domain were similar to that of native full-length tPA. In contrast, the specific activities of analogs with the K2 domain deleted (FGK1P) or transposed (FGK2K1P) were significantly reduced, indicative of the decreased ability of the fibrinogen fragments to enhance their respective activities. The extent of neutralization of the activity of each analog by platelet-derived PA inhibitor appeared to be similar to that of full-length tPA, confirming that the P domain contains the primary site of interaction between tPA and inhibitor. These data suggest that not only the presence of but also the position of the K2 domain are important for proper expression of tPA's activity.
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J. Reynolds, D., and J. R. Underhill. "Application of Structural Analogs to Enhance Understanding of Tectonically Inverted Settings (Best of AAPG)." In 70th EAGE Conference and Exhibition - Workshops and Fieldtrips. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20147572.

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Kawai, Y., R. R. Montgomery, K. Furihata, and T. J. Kunicki. "EXPRESSION OF PLATELET ALLOANTIGENS ON HUMAN ENDOTHELIAL CELLS AND HEL CELLS." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1642813.

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Analogs of platelet membrane glycoproteins IIb and IIIa (GPIIb-IIIa) have been shown to be synthesized and expressed by human endothelial cells (HEC), a human erythroleukemia cell line (HEL) and various other cells. Previous studies from our laboratory demonstrated that the platelet alloantigen P1A1, is expressed on HEC GPIIIa. Other alloantigen systems, namely, Pen and Bak, are known to be localized on platelet GPIIIa and GPIIb, respectively. Utilizing additional antibodies from patients with PTP specific for Pena, Baka, and Bakb allo-antigens, and isoantibodies (iso-ab) from a patient with Glanzmann's Thrombasthenia (GT), we have studied cultured HEC and HEL cells for expression of epitopes recognized by these antibodies. HEC and HEL cells were meta-bolically labeled with 35S-methionine and lysed in 0.5% TX-100 in the presence of 5mM EDTA. Soluble antigens were immunoprecipitated with these antibodies coupled to Protein A-Sepharose and subjected to SDS-PAGE and fluorography. Anti-Pena and the GT iso-ab reacted with the GPIIb-IIIa complex from both HEC and HEL lysates, but anti-Baka and anti-Bakb failed to immunoprecipitate GPIIb-IIIa analogs from either HEC or HEL. In an immunoblot assay, the GT iso-ab bound to GPIIIa of both HEC and HEL. Anti-Pena failed to react with SDS-denatured proteins. HEL GPIIIa migrates slightly faster than HEC GPIIIa and slightly slower than platelet GPIIIa. These results indicate that the epitopes of platelet GPIIIa recognized by alloantibodies and isoantibodies are shared by GPIIIa analogs of HEC and HEL. GPIIb-associated alloantigens are not expressed by HEC and HEL GPIIb analogs, an observation that is consistent with the decreased structural homology between GPIIb analogs derived from different cell types.
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Verheijen, J. M., M. P. M. Caspers, G. A. W. de Munk, B. E. Enger-Valk, G. T. G. Chang, and P. H. Pouwels. "SITES IN TISSUE-TYPE PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR INVOLVED IN THE INTERACTION WITH FIBRIN, PLASMINOGEN AND LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT LIGANDS." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644613.

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Tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) activates the proenzyme plasminogen to the active protease plasmin which degrades fibrin. The unique properties of t-PA, fibrin binding and stimulation of activity by fibrin make it an interesting molecule for specific thrombolysis. t-PA is thought to consist of five structural regions designated finger (F), growth factor (G), kringle 1 (Kl), kringle 2 (K2) and protease (P). Previous studies have shown that the interaction of t-PA with fibrin is mediated by the F and K2 regions.Mutated t-PA cDNA molecules were expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells and t-PA analog proteins were purified from serum free culture media using affinity chromatography with immobilized monoclonal antibodies. Besides FGK1K2P (native t-PA) the following analogs were used GK1K2P, klK2P, K2P, P, FP and FGKlk2P (kl and k2 have partial deletions of the kringle). All the molecules comprising K2P could be stimulated in plasminogen activation activity by fibrinogen fragments comparable to normal t-PA. The activities of FP and FGKlk2P were only slightly influenced by these fragments. It was shown that the fibrin binding site in K2 was plasminogen dependent whereas that in F was not. K2 was found to contain a binding site for lysine, 6-amino-hexanoic acid but also 6-amino-hexane and thus to differ from the high affinity lysine binding sites in plasminogen.Chemical modification of lysine and arginine residues in t-PA with citraconic anhydride and cyclohexanedione respectively, revealed no involvement of these residues in interaction with lysine or analogs nor in stimulation of activity by fibrinogen fragments. Arginine modification led to inhibition of plasminogen activation activity, both in the presence and absence of fibrinogen fragments, but the amidolytic activity as measured with a tripeptide paranitroanilide was not changed. The involvement of one or more arginine residues in interaction of t-PA with plasminogen seems likely.
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Lucero, Briana, Cameron J. Turner, and Julie Linsey. "Design Repository and Analogy Computation via Unit Language Analysis (DRACULA) Repository Development." In ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2015-46640.

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Engineering designs are typically constrained by requirements and specifications. The Design Analogy Performance Parameters System (D-APPS) project seeks to provide engineers with a means to transform these product requirements and specifications into functional analogies. D-APPS employs design-by-Analogy (DbA) via critical functionality and the engineering performance parameters from the specifications to produce functional alternative options to design engineers. Repositories, or databases, provide structured storage of information for retrieval by users in an systemic manner. D-APPS utilizes a repository to store analogy entries, capable of being polled by the developed algorithm. Analogous matches are formulated with the weighting scheme of the algorithm. This research investigates the structures of three alternative repositories, and the current D-APPS database with its interface to the algorithm and design engineer. The architecture of the repository is discussed with example entries and rationale for inclusion.
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Saw, Sue-Mae, Anand K. Ramasubramanian, Melinda Simon, and Sang-Joon John Lee. "Formation of Clot Analogs Between Co-Flow Fluid Streams in a Microchannel Device." In ASME-JSME-KSME 2019 8th Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajkfluids2019-5513.

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Abstract Hemodynamics plays an important role in the formation of blood clots, for which changes in hydrodynamic stresses and transport phenomena can initiate or inhibit the clotting process. Fibrin, which is converted from fibrinogen in blood plasma, plays a dominant role in structural mechanics of a clot. Clot analogs are conventionally fabricated in a static in vitro environment whereas clot formation in vivo occurs in the presence of dynamic blood flow. In this paper we demonstrate an ability to produce clot analogs at the boundary between active co-flow fluid streams. The time evolution of clot formation in microchannel flow was investigated using fluorescence imaging of fibrin clots at one-minute intervals. Time-tracking of skewness and kurtosis of fluorescence intensity data was conducted to monitor shape and density distribution changes in the clot. Soft lithography and casting techniques were used to fabricate a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic device which consisted of a Y-shaped microchannel 300 μm wide × 12 μm deep × 10 mm long with two inlets and a single outlet. The first inlet introduced fresh frozen plasma (FFP), which contains fibrinogen and plasma proteins. The second inlet introduced thrombin, which initiated the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin. Clot analogs were formed at the interface between these two parallel streams. Flow was driven by withdrawal of a syringe pump at flow rates of 50 nL/min and 100 nL/min. Clots that are formed in such an engineered device provide opportunities to recapitulate the flow rates and concentrations of reagents, to mimic in vivo scenarios in which clot density and composition gradients depend on flow conditions.
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Darnton, Aaron, and Massimo Ruzzene. "Damage Mapping in Composites With Phase Gradient." In ASME 2014 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2014-7685.

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Lamb wave based methods for structural health monitoring and non-destructive evaluation have shown promise in composite and laminated structure applications. Many methods have been considered, but exploitation of the phase of the propagating wave is a recent addition. Utilizing the phase alleviates the ambiguity of many amplitude and modal analysis approaches. This paper considered two-dimensional damage analogs in analytical simulations, numerical simulations and experimental studies. Additionally, this paper addresses the importance of proper filtering for successful spatial domain reconstruction. The phase gradient approach was successful in cases where modal filtering yielded good results. In the case where modal filtering did not successfully reconstruct the time-space domain wave, the phase gradient approach could not be employed, underscoring the need for robust modal filtering techniques.
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Ma, Xiaoyue, J. Edward Green, Keith J. Gooch, Rebecca M. Jansen, and Richard T. Hart. "Finite Element Modeling of Entangled Collagen Fiber Gels With Randomly Oriented Fibers." In ASME 2009 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2009-206266.

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Collagen is an important structural protein in the human body, and its molecules form structural aggregates at multiple length scales (i.e., microfibrils, fibrils, fibers, and bundles of different sizes) in biological tissues and organs [1]. The mechanical properties of most tissues are dependent on the underlying network of collagen fibers, proteoglycans, and other extracellular matrix components [2]. Similarly, the properties of in vitro tissue analogs, often created from collagen or fibrin gels, are also dependent on the organization of the biopolymers [3]. The overall mechanical response is intrinsically multi-scale and dynamic in both materials. As a result, a satisfactory description of the microstructure is important for exploring the essential physics of the tissue.
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Hope, Tom, Joel Chan, Aniket Kittur, and Dafna Shahaf. "Accelerating Innovation Through Analogy Mining." In Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-18}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2018/736.

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The availability of large idea repositories (e.g., patents) could significantly accelerate innovation and discovery by providing people inspiration from solutions to analogous problems. However, finding useful analogies in these large, messy, real-world repositories remains a persistent challenge for both humans and computers. Previous approaches include costly hand-created databases that do not scale, or machine-learning similarity metrics that struggle to account for structural similarity, which is central to analogy. In this paper we explore the viability and value of learning simple structural representations. Our approach combines crowdsourcing and recurrent neural networks to extract purpose and mechanism vector representations from product descriptions. We demonstrate that these learned vectors allow us to find analogies with higher precision and recall than traditional methods. In an ideation experiment, analogies retrieved by our models significantly increased people's likelihood of generating creative ideas.
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Reports on the topic "Structural analogs"

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Hibbert, P. Spline smoothing by means of an analogy to structural beams. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/128093.

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Pollard, David D. Structural Heterogeneities and Paleo Fluid Flow in an Analog Sandstone Reservoir. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1248337.

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Gentner, Dedre. Evidence for a Structure-Mapping Theory of Analogy and Metaphor. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada177300.

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Nilsson, Emil. Synthesis of Sulfamoyl??Aminoacyl Adenylate Analogs for use in Protein?RNA Structure Determination. Portland State University Library, May 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/honors.28.

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Pollard, David, and Atilla Aydin. STRUCTURAL HETEROGENEITIES AND PALEO FLUID FLOW IN AN ANALOG SANDSTONE RESERVOIR 2001-2004. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/837005.

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Hess, John F. Analysis of Keratin Filament Assembly/Disassembly and Structure Following Modification by Sulfur Mustard Analogs. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada418634.

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Morris, Scott C. Experiments in Sound and Structural Vibrations Using an Air-Analog Model Ducted Propulsion System. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada471613.

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Riley, Mark, and Akis Pipidis. The Mechanical Analogue of the "Backbending" Phenomenon in Nuclear-structure Physics. Florida State University, May 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.33009/fsu_physics-backbending.

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This short pedagogical movie illustrates an effect in nuclear physics called backbending which was first observed in the study of the rotational behavior of rapidly rotating rare-earth nuclei in Stockholm, Sweden in 1971. The video contains a mechanical analog utilizing rare-earth magnets and rotating gyroscopes on a turntable along with some historic spectra and papers associated with this landmark discovery together with its explanation in terms of the Coriolis induced uncoupling and rotational alignment of a specific pair of particles occupying high-j intruder orbitals. Thus backbending represents a crossing in energy of the groundstate, or vacuum, rotational band by another band which has two unpaired high-j nucleons (two quasi-particles) with their individual angular momenta aligned with the rotation axis of the rapidly rotating nucleus. Backbending was a major surprise which pushed the field of nuclear structure physics forward but which is now sufficiently well understood that it can be used as a precision spectroscopic tool providing useful insight for example, into nuclear pairing correlations and changes in the latter due to blocking effects and quasi-particle seniority, nuclear deformation, the excited configurations of particular rotational structures and the placement of proton and neutron intruder orbitals at the Fermi surface.
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Hatch, Duane M. synthesis of selenium- and tellurium-containing tryptophan analogs for the elucidation of protein structure and function. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1209470.

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Bobashev, Georgiy, R. Joey Morris, Elizabeth Costenbader, and Kyle Vincent. Assessing network structure with practical sampling methods. RTI Press, May 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2018.op.0049.1805.

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Using data from an enumerated network of worldwide flight connections between airports, we examine how sampling designs and sample size influence network metrics. Specifically, we apply three types of sampling designs: simple random sampling, nonrandom strategic sampling (i.e., selection of the largest airports), and a variation of snowball sampling. For the latter sampling method, we design what we refer to as a controlled snowball sampling design, which selects nodes in a manner analogous to a respondent-driven sampling design. For each design, we evaluate five commonly used measures of network structure and examine the percentage of total air traffic accounted for by each design. The empirical application shows that (1) the random and controlled snowball sampling designs give rise to more efficient estimates of the true underlying structure, and (2) the strategic sampling method can account for a greater proportion of the total number of passenger movements occurring in the network.
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