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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « RETN »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 4 juin 2021

Mis à jour le 8 février 2022

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "RETN"

Schwartz, Daniel R., Erika R. Briggs, Mohammed Qatanani, Heloisa Sawaya, Igal A. Sebag, Michael H. Picard, Marielle Scherrer-Crosbie et Mitchell A. Lazar. « Human Resistin in Chemotherapy-Induced Heart Failure in Humanized Male Mice and in Women Treated for Breast Cancer ». Endocrinology 154, n^o 11 (1 novembre 2013) : 4206–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2013-1399.

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Resistin is a circulating mediator of insulin resistance mainly expressed in human monocytes and responsive to inflammatory stimuli. Recent clinical studies have connected elevated resistin levels with the development and severity of heart failure. To further our understanding of the role of human resistin in heart failure, we studied a humanized mouse model lacking murine resistin but transgenic for the human Retn gene (Hum-Retn mice), which exhibits basal and inflammation-stimulated resistin levels similar to humans. Specifically, we explored whether resistin underlies acute anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity. Remarkably, doxorubicin (25mg/kg ip) led to a 4-fold induction of serum resistin levels in Hum-Retn mice. Moreover, doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity was greater in the Hum-Retn mice than in littermate controls not expressing human resistin (Retn−/−). Hum-Retn mice showed increased cardiac mRNA levels of inflammatory and cell adhesion genes compared with Retn−/− mice. Macrophages, but not cardiomyocytes, from Hum-Retn mice treated with doxorubicin in vitro showed dramatic induction of hRetn (human resistin) mRNA and protein expression. We also examined resistin levels in anthracycline-treated breast cancer patients with and without cardiotoxicity. Intriguingly, serum resistin levels in women undergoing anthracycline-containing chemotherapy increased significantly at 3 months and remained elevated at 6 months in those with subsequent cardiotoxicity. Further, elevation in resistin correlated with decline in ejection fraction in these women. These results suggest that elevated resistin is a biomarker of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity and may contribute in the development of heart failure via its direct effects on macrophages. These results further implicate resistin as a link between inflammation, metabolism, and heart disease.

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Ibrahim, Sherine M., et Afaf A. Bastawy. « The Relevance of Single-nucleotide Polymorphism +62 G>A to the Expression of Resistin Gene Affecting Serum Resistin Levels in Metabolic Syndrome in the Egyptian Population ». Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology 21, n^o 7 (16 juin 2020) : 626–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389201021666191210122851.

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Background: Metabolic Syndrome (MS) is a clinical condition consisting of risk factors associated with type two diabetes and developing cardiovascular disease. It has been suggested that resistin is a linkage between obesity, inflammation and type two diabetes. This study aims to investigate whether Resistin Gene (RETN) polymorphism (+62G>A) is linked to MS and resistin levels among the Egyptian population. Methods: This study was performed with 310 Egyptian volunteers: 160 MS subjects and 150 controls. Anthropometric parameters and biochemical variables were determined. The RETN +62G>A polymorphism was genotyped by PCR-RFLP technique. Results: The resistin levels of the MS group were significantly higher than those of the control group. Resistin levels were positively correlated with anthropometric parameters and liver biomarkers in the MS group. According to RETN +62G>A polymorphism, carriers with the A allele (GA/AA) had significantly increased resistin levels than subjects with the GG genotype, consequently, the RETN +62G >A polymorphism was found to be related to MS, biochemical parameters and anthropometric variables. Conclusions: These findings propose that the RETN +62G>A polymorphism has a great impact on the circulating resistin concentrations, and that resistin levels are strongly related to MS. Therefore, this RETN polymorphism is related to the risk of the prevalence of MS in the Egyptians.

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Suriyaprom, Kanjana, Rungsunn Tungtrongchitr et Pisit Namjuntra. « Associations of Resistin Levels with Resistin Gene Polymorphism and Metabolic Syndrome in Thais / Asocijacija Nivoa Rezistina Sa Polimorfizmom Gena Za Rezistin I Metaboličkim Sindromom Kod Tajlanđana ». Journal of Medical Biochemistry 34, n^o 2 (1 avril 2015) : 170–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jomb-2014-0034.

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Summary Background: Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a clinical constellation comprising risk factors associated with developing cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Resistin has been suggested as a linkage between obesity, inflammation and type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to investigate resistin concentrations and hematological-biochemical parameters in MS subjects and controls, and to determine whether two resistin gene (RETN) polymorphisms (-420C>G & +299G>A) are linked to resistin levels and MS among Thais. Methods: This case-control study was performed with 322 Thai volunteers: 160 MS subjects and 162 controls. Anthropometric parameters and hematological-biochemical variables were determined. The RETN -420C>G (rs1862513) and +299G>A (rs3745367) polymorphisms were genotyped by PCR-RFLP technique. Results: The resistin levels of the MS group were significantly higher than those of the control group. Resistin levels were positively correlated with anthropometric parameters and WBC count in the MS group. According to RETN -420C>G polymorphism, MS subjects with the G allele (CG/GG) (3.9 mg/L) had significantly higher resistin con- centrations than in subjects with the CC genotype (2.4 mg/L); with regard to RETN +299G>A polymorphism, carriers with the A allele (GA/AA) (3.8 mg/L) had significantly higher resistin levels than subjects with the GG genotype (2.7 mg/L), after adjusting for potential covariates. How - ever, the RETN -420C>G and +299G>A poly morphisms were not found to be associated with MS, hematologicalbiochemical parameters and anthropometric variables. Conclusions: These findings suggest resistin levels are linked with MS and the RETN -420C>G and +299G>A polymorphisms have impacted the circulating resistin concentrations. However, these two RETN polymorphisms pro - bably do not influence susceptibility to MS among Thais.

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Mahmoudi, Touraj, Khatoon Karimi, Maral Arkani, Hamid Farahani, Mohsen Vahedi, Reza Dabiri, Hossein Nobakht et al. « Resistin -420C>G Promoter Variant and Colorectal Cancer Risk ». International Journal of Biological Markers 29, n^o 3 (juillet 2014) : 233–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5301/jbm.5000079.

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Purposes Obesity is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), and ghrelin (GHRL) and resistin (RETN) are thought to be related to obesity. Our aim was to investigate whether GHRL and RETN gene variants are associated with CRC risk. Materials and Methods All 414 subjects, including 197 cases with CRC and 217 controls, were genotyped for the GHRL (rs26802) and RETN (rs1862513) or -420C>G gene variants using the PCR-RFLP method. Results Our findings indicated that the RETN -420C>G “CC” genotype, compared with the “GG” and “GC” genotypes, was a marker of decreased CRC susceptibility; the difference remained significant after adjustment for age, BMI, gender, smoking status, NSAID use, and family history of CRC (p=0.020; OR=0.52, 95% CI=0.30-0.90). Furthermore, after adjustment for confounding factors, the -420C>G “CC” genotype, compared with the “GG” genotype, was associated with a decreased risk for CRC (p=0.044; OR=0.53, 95% CI=0.29-0.98). In addition, no significant difference was observed for the GHRL (rs26802) gene variant. Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first study suggesting that the RETN -420C>G “CC” genotype is a marker of decreased CRC susceptibility. This observation is relevant from a scientific perspective and deserves further investigations.

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Pravenec, Michal, Petr Mlejnek, Václav Zídek, Vladimír Landa, Miroslava Šimáková, Jan Šilhavý, Hynek Strnad et al. « Autocrine effects of transgenic resistin reduce palmitate and glucose oxidation in brown adipose tissue ». Physiological Genomics 48, n^o 6 (juin 2016) : 420–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiolgenomics.00122.2015.

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Resistin has been originally identified as an adipokine that links obesity to insulin resistance in mice. In our previous studies in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) expressing a nonsecreted form of mouse resistin ( Retn) transgene specifically in adipose tissue (SHR- Retn), we have observed an increased lipolysis and serum free fatty acids, ectopic fat accumulation in muscles, and insulin resistance. Recently, brown adipose tissue (BAT) has been suggested to play an important role in the pathogenesis of metabolic disturbances. In the current study, we have analyzed autocrine effects of transgenic resistin on BAT glucose and lipid metabolism and mitochondrial function in the SHR- Retn vs. nontransgenic SHR controls. We observed that interscapular BAT isolated from SHR- Retn transgenic rats compared with SHR controls showed a lower relative weight (0.71 ± 0.05 vs. 0.91 ± 0.08 g/100 g body wt, P < 0.05), significantly reduced both basal and insulin stimulated incorporation of palmitate into BAT lipids (658 ± 50 vs. 856 ± 45 and 864 ± 47 vs. 1,086 ± 35 nmol/g/2 h, P ≤ 0.01, respectively), and significantly decreased palmitate oxidation (37.6 ± 4.5 vs. 57 ± 4.1 nmol/g/2 h, P = 0.007) and glucose oxidation (277 ± 34 vs. 458 ± 38 nmol/g/2 h, P = 0.001). In addition, in vivo microPET imaging revealed significantly reduced 18F-FDG uptake in BAT induced by exposure to cold in SHR- Retn vs. control SHR (232 ± 19 vs. 334 ± 22 kBq/ml, P < 0.05). Gene expression profiles in BAT identified differentially expressed genes involved in skeletal muscle and connective tissue development, inflammation and MAPK and insulin signaling. These results provide evidence that autocrine effects of resistin attenuate differentiation and activity of BAT and thus may play a role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance in the rat.

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Al-Hilali, Hammadi A., et Mohammed Jaafar AL-Anssari. « Resistin (RETN) Gene rs1862513 Polymorphisms and Acne vulgaris Patients ». International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 5, n^o 12 (10 décembre 2016) : 415–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2016.512.045.

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Wang, Chao-Qun, Chih-Hsin Tang, Huey-En Tzeng, Lulu Jin, Jin Zhao, Le Kang, Yan Wang et al. « Impacts of RETN genetic polymorphism on breast cancer development ». Journal of Cancer 11, n^o 10 (2020) : 2769–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/jca.38088.

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de Luis, Daniel Antonio, Olatz Izaola, David Primo, Beatriz de la Fuente, Ines Mulero et Rocío Aller. « The rs1862513 Variant in Resistin Gene-Modified Insulin Resistance and Insulin Levels after Weight Loss Secondary to Hypocaloric Diet ». Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism 69, n^o 3-4 (2016) : 256–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000453676.

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Background/Aims: Polymorphisms of a single nucleotide in RETN have been associated with indexes of insulin resistance. Our aim was to analyze the effects of the rs1862513 RETN gene polymorphism on insulin resistance, insulin levels, and resistin levels changes after 3 months of a low-fat hypocaloric diet. Design: A Caucasian population of 133 obese patients was analyzed before and after 3 months on a low-fat hypocaloric diet. Results: Fifty-six patients (42.1%) had the genotype GG (wild group) and 77 (57.9%) patients had the other genotypes; GC (59 patients, 44.4%) or CC (18 patients, 13.5%; mutant group). In wild and mutant genotype groups, weight, body mass index, fat mass, waist circumference, and systolic blood pressure decreased. In the wild genotype group, the decrease in total cholesterol was -13.1 ± 25.3 mg/dL (vs. -4.4 ± 13.7 mg/dL in mutant group: p = 0.004 for group deltas), low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol was -13.0 ± 21.5 mg/dL (-4.3 ± 10.5 mg/dL: p = 0.007), glucose -7.2 ± 3.5 mg/dL (-0.8 ± 0.2 mg/dL: p = 0.01), insulin -5.6 ± 2.5 mUI/L (-2.9 ± 1.2 mUI/L: p = 0.03) and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) -2.5 ± 1.1 (-0.6 ± 1.4: p = 0.02). Leptin levels decreased in both genotypes (-10.1 ± 9.5 ng/dL in wild type group vs. -13.1 ± 0.2 ng/dL in mutant type group: p > 0.05). Conclusion: The present study suggests that the G/G genotype of RETN rs1862513 could be a predictor of the reduction of HOMA-IR, insulin, fasting glucose and LDL cholesterol secondary to a hypocaloric diet in obese subjects.

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Kawamura, Ryoichi, Yasuharu Tabara, Akiko Tsukada, Michiya Igase, Jun Ohashi, Ryo Yamada, Yasunori Takata et al. « Genome-wide association study of plasma resistin levels identified rs1423096 and rs10401670 as possible functional variants in the Japanese population ». Physiological Genomics 48, n^o 11 (1 novembre 2016) : 874–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiolgenomics.00040.2016.

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Resistin is a cytokine inducing insulin resistance in mice. We previously identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at −420 (rs1862513) and −358 (rs3219175) located in the human resistin gene ( RETN) promoter as strong determinants for circulating resistin in the Japanese population. The objective was to identify additional functional variants for circulating resistin. We conducted a genome-wide association study in 448 Japanese subjects. A peak association signal was found on chromosome 19 where RETN is located. The top-hit SNP was SNP −358 G>A, followed by rs1423096 C>T, SNP −420 C>G, and rs10401670 C>T ( P = 5.39×10−47, 1.81×10−22, 2.09×10−16, and 9.25×10−15, respectively). Meta-analysis including another two independent general Japanese populations showed that circulating resistin was most strongly associated with SNP-358, followed by SNP-420, rs1423096, and rs10401670. Rs1423096 and rs10401670 were located in the 3′-region of RETN and were in strong linkage disequilibrium. Although these SNPs were also in linkage disequilibrium with the promoter SNPs, conditional and haplotype association analyses identified rs1423096 and rs10401670 as independent determinants for circulating resistin. Functionally, nuclear proteins specifically recognized T but not C at rs10401670 as evidenced by an electrophoretic mobility shift assay. The promoter activity of a luciferase reporter with T at either rs1423096 or rs10401670 was lower than that with C in THP-1 human monocytes. Therefore, rs1423096 and rs10401670, in addition to SNP-420 and SNP-358, were identified as possible functional variants affecting circulating resistin by the genome-wide search in the Japanese population.

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Elkhattabi, Lamiae, Imane Morjane, Hicham Charoute, Soumaya Amghar, Hind Bouafi, Zouhair Elkarhat, Rachid Saile, Hassan Rouba et Abdelhamid Barakat. « In Silico Analysis of Coding/Noncoding SNPs of Human RETN Gene and Characterization of Their Impact on Resistin Stability and Structure ». Journal of Diabetes Research 2019 (20 mai 2019) : 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4951627.

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Resistin (RETN) is a gene coding for proinflammatory adipokine called resistin secreted by macrophages in humans. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in RETN are linked to obesity and insulin resistance in various populations. Using dbSNP, 78 nonsynonymous SNPs (nsSNPs) were retrieved and tested on a PredictSNP 1.0 megaserver. Among these, 15 nsSNPs were predicted as highly deleterious and thus subjected to further analyses, such as conservation, posttranscriptional modifications, and stability. The 3D structure of human resistin was generated by homology modeling using Swiss model. Root-mean-square deviation (RMSD), hydrogen bonds (h-bonds), and interactions were estimated. Furthermore, UTRscan served to identify UTR functional SNPs. Among the 15 most deleterious nsSNPs, 13 were predicted to be highly conserved including variants in posttranslational modification sites. Stability analysis predicted 9 nsSNPs (I32S, C51Y, G58E, G58R, C78S, G79C, W98C, C103G, and C104Y) which can decrease protein stability with at least three out of the four algorithms used in this study. These nsSNPs were chosen for structural analysis. Both variants C51Y and C104Y showed the highest RMS deviations (1.137 Å and 1.308 Å, respectively) which were confirmed by the important decrease in total h-bonds. The analysis of hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions showed important differences between the native protein and the 9 mutants, particularly I32S, G79C, and C104Y. Six SNPs in the 3′UTR (rs920569876, rs74176247, rs1447199134, rs943234785, rs76346269, and rs78048640) were predicted to be implicated in polyadenylation signal. This study revealed 9 highly deleterious SNPs located in the human RETN gene coding region and 6 SNPs within the 3′UTR that may alter the protein structure. Interestingly, these SNPs are worth to be analyzed in functional studies to further elucidate their effect on metabolic phenotype occurrence.

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Thèses sur le sujet "RETN"

Rodrigues, Adaline Franco. « Frequência do polimorfismo -420C/G (rs1862513) do gene da resistina na população de Jataí-GO e correlação com a obesidade ». Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/7921.

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Obesity is currently considered a serious public health problem, especially as it plays a relevant role in the pathophysiology of various diseases. The influence of obesity on some metabolic disorders has been attributed to the ability of adipose tissue cells to produce various proinflammatory cytokines such as resistin (RETN). Recent studies have shown that genes encoding this protein may have genetic alterations potentially related to the predisposition to obesity. Objective: The objective of this study was to demonstrate the association between the -420C> G (rs1862513) polymorphism of the gene encoding RETN and obesity in a sample ofadults residing in the city of Jataí - GO, Brazil. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 117 adults of both sexes, living in Jataí city and surrounding municipalities. Physiological data and anthropometric measurements were obtained and used to classify individuals according to body mass index (BMI), abdominal circumference (CA), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP), as well as laboratory data of lipid profile and fasting blood glucose. Polymorphisms were identified from DNA extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells by the PCR-RFLP technique. Samples whose DNA extraction or PCR-FRLP technique were not successful were excluded from the study, so that the correlations between the anthropometric and laboratory data with the genotypes found were performed with an N = 72. Statistical analyzes were performed to determine if and which genotype is associated with obesity. Results: Regarding the characterization of the sample, it was observed that 57% had BMI ≥ 25kg / m2 and 51% had abdominal circumference considered as an increased or very increased risk for obesity. There was a positive correlation between BMI, CA and SBP. Regarding the genomic profile of the RETN -420 C A obesidade é considerada atualmente um sério problema de saúde pública, especialmente por desempenhar um papel relevante na patofisiologia de várias doenças. A influência da obesidade sobre algumas desordens metabólicas tem sido atribuída a capacidade de células componentes do tecido adiposo produzir diversas citocinas pró-inflamatórias como resistina (RETN). Estudos recentes têm mostrado que genes codificadores desta proteína podem apresentar alterações genéticas potencialmente relacionados à predisposição a obesidade. Objetivo: O presente trabalho objetivou evidenciar a associação entre o polimorfismo -420C>G (rs1862513) do gene codificador para RETN e a obesidade em uma amostra de adultos residentes no município de Jataí - GO, Brasil. Metodologia: Realizou-se um estudo transversal com 117 adultos de ambos os sexos, residentes em Jataí e municípios circunvizinhos. Dados fisiológicos e medidas antropométricas foram obtidos e utilizados para classificação dos indivíduos de acordo com o índice de massa corporal (IMC), Circunferência abdominal (CA), Pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica (PAS e PAD), bem como dados laboratoriais de perfil lipídico e glicemia de jejum. Os polimorfismos foram identificados a partir do DNA extraído de células mononucleares do sangue periférico, pela técnica da PCR-RFLP. As amostras cuja extração de DNA ou técnica de PCR-FRLP não obtiveram sucesso foram excluídas da pesquisa, de forma que as correlações entre os dados antropométricos e laboratoriais com os genótipos encontrados foi realizado com um N = 72. Análises estatísticas foram realizadas para determinar se e qual genótipo está associado a obesidade. Resultados: Quanto à caracterização da amostra, observou-se que 57% se encontra com o IMC ≥ 25kg/m2 e 51% possui circunferência abdominal considerada como risco aumentado ou muito aumentado para obesidade. Houve correlação positiva entre IMC, CA e PAS. Em relação ao perfil genômico do polimorfismo RETN -420 C

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Torchi, Ilaria. « MOBILE SOCIAL NETWORK : dalle RETI SOCIAL al SOCIALE in RETE ». Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/15415/.

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I Mobile Social Network consentono alle persone di connettersi fra di loro, condividere interessi comuni, opinioni, informazioni e media. Il fattore alla base che accomuna tutti i tempi è sempre la relazione: gli uomini hanno il bisogno vitale di stare con gli altri e se per farlo, oltre che scambiando foto e video, si trovassero delle vie concrete per crescere in solidarietà ed aumentare il bene comune? Nasce così il desiderio di affrontare lo studio di questa tesi facendo ricerca ed esplorazione attraverso tre tappe ben precise. Il titolo “MOBILE SOCIAL NETWORK: dalle RETI SOCIAL al SOCIALE in RETE” racchiude le tre parti e nell’ordine in cui vengono esposte. Nella prima “Mobile Social Network”, si è affrontata la parte teorica e tecnica che spiega chi sono e come sono fatti i MSN; quindi dalla loro definizione fino all’illustrazione dei componenti, delle architetture e dagli ambiti di applicazione. Nella seconda sezione, “dalle Reti Social” si raccontano i protagonisti social più famosi di oggi attraverso una rassegna sviluppata per punti, ovvero le caratteristiche a fattor comune dei MSN stessi. Nella terza sezione, “al Sociale in Rete”, si sperimenta l’ambito del solidale percorrendo una approfondita ricerca sul web di tutte le possibili applicazioni MSN esistenti che abbiano uno scopo solidale per giungere così alla conclusione della tesi che consiste nella presentazione di un progetto che si propone la creazione di un’app solidale per un’associazione che opera a sostegno di persone in difficoltà: “ARCA MOBILE” una piattaforma per far incontrare domanda ed offerta dove protagonisti sono gli arredi, a sostegno di persone disagiate che non hanno la possibilità di arredare casa o reperire un mobile di cui necessitano.

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Bartoli, Mattia. « Virtualizzazione di risorse di rete e di servizi nelle reti di accesso ». Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/5187/.

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Tavasci, Luca. « Procedure per analisi e calcolo di grandi reti GNSS : applicazione alla nuova rete geodetica nazionale ». Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/3403/.

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Alm, Jenny, et Maria Ege. « ”Rent kaos och ren lycka” : – Några flickors beskrivningar av att ha genomgått behandling för självskadebeteende ». Thesis, Stockholm University, Department of Social Work, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-8494.

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The main purpose of this thesis was to take part of girl’s descriptions and experiences of their treatment for deliberate self-harm and to investigate whether they still experience effects of the treatment today. Our main research questions where; how do the girls describe their experiences of the treatment method, do the girls describe that they still experience any effects of the treatment, and finally how do the girls look back on their treatment today? In order to answer these questions, we carried out eight qualitative telephone interviews with girls that had undergone treatment in a specific treatment centre. We chose to analyze the material from the salutogenic theory and the concepts of SOC (sense of coherence) and with a hermeneutic approach. Our result showed that the treatment methods that where most important where dialectic behaviour therapy, horse therapy and finally environmental therapy. Several of the girls could see remaining effects of the treatment today, while other girls could not see any of these effects. A couple of the girls expressed that they should have been dead if they had not been taken care of by the treatment centre while other girls meant that the treatment did not make any difference.

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Santos, Marina Aparecida dos. « Relação de polimorfismos nos genes da perilipina 1, visfatina, resistina e grelina com a resposta a um programa de orientação nutricional para a redução de peso corporal ». Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9142/tde-20122017-150812/.

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A obesidade é causada pelo desequilíbrio entre a ingestão alimentar e o gasto energético corporal, com o armazenamento de energia na forma de gordura, no tecido adiposo. A obesidade causa alterações metabólicas, como resistência à insulina e dislipidemia, além de aumento de adipocinas e citocinas pró-inflamatórias. Este trabalho investigou a influência de polimorfismos nos genes da perilipina 1 (PLINl), visfatina (NAMPT) , resistina (RETN) e grelina (GHRL) na adiposidade e no perfil metabólico e inflamatório, antes e após um programa de orientação nutricional. Foram selecionados indivíduos obesos (OB, n=214), sobrepeso (SOB, n=71) e não obesos (NOB, n=69), com idade de 30 a 70 anos. Foram obtidos dados clínicos, antropométricos e de composição corporal. O recordatório de 24h foi aplicado a 87 indivíduos obesos para avaliação de consumo alimentar, antes e após o programa de orientação nutricional. Foi obtido sangue para extração de DNA e para analisar parâmetros laboratoriais (perfil lipídico e glicêmico, marcadores inflamatórios e adipocinas). Polimorfismos dos genes PLINl, NAMPT, RETN e GHRL foram analisados por PCR em tempo real. O grupo OB teve perfil antropométrico alterado e risco aumentado de hipertensão, diabetes tipo 2 e dislipidemia em comparação com os grupos SOB e NOB (p<0,05). As concentrações de glicose, colesterol total, LDL colesterol, VLDL colesterol, triglicérides, apolipoproteína B (ApoB), interleucina 1β (IL-l β) e fator de necrose tumoral alfa (TNFα) foram maiores e as concentrações de HDL colesterol e apolipoproteina AI (apoAI) foram menores, no grupo OB que nos outros grupos (p<0,05). As frequências dos polimorfismos genéticos do grupo total foram similares as de outras populações. Os polimorfismos NAMPT rs1319501 C>T e rs10763861 C>T foram associados com obesidade (p<0,05). Os polimorfismos genéticos não influenciaram o perfil antropométrico do grupo total (p>0,05), mas no grupo de obesos, o polimorfismo GHRL rs4684677 T>A foi relacionado com maior porcentagem de gordura corporal (p=0,043). Após a orientação nutricional, observou-se diminuição da ingestão de calorias e do consumo de carboidratos, gorduras totais, sódio, magnésio e betacaroteno (p<0,05). Os polimorfismos genéticos não influenciaram o perfil antropométrico e o consumo alimentar de obesos, após a orientação nutricional. Em conclusão, polimorfismos dos genes NAMPT e GHRL contribuem para a adiposidade, mas não influenciam o comportamento alimentar e o perfil antropométrico, após orientação nutricional.
Obesity is caused by the imbalance between food intake and body energy expenditure, with the storage of energy in the form of fat, in adipose tissue. Obesity causes metabolic changes, such as insulin resistance and dyslipidemia, and an increase in adipokines and pro-inflammatory cytokines. This work investigated the influence of polymorphisms in the perilipine 1 (PLINI) , visfatin (NAMPT) , resistin (RETN) and ghrelin (GHRL) genes on adiposity and metabolic and inflammatory profile, before and after a nutritional orientation programo Obese (OB, n=214), overweight (SOB, n=71) and nonobese subjects (NOB, n=69), aged 30 to 70 years, were selected. ClinicaI, anthropometric and body composition data were obtained. The 24-hour dietary recall was applied to 87 obese subjects to eva1uate food intake before and after the nutritiona1 orientation programo Blood was obtained for DNA extraction and to analyze 1aboratory parameters (lipid and glycemic profile, inflammatory markers and adipokines). Po1ymorphisms of the PLINI, NAMPT, RETN and GHRL genes were analyzed by real-time PCR. The OB group had altered anthropometric profile and increased risk for hypertension, type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia in comparison with SOB and NOB groups (p <0.05). Concentrations of glucose, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, VLDL cholesterol, triglycerides, apolipoprotein B (ApoB), interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) were higher and the concentrations ofHDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein AI (apoAI) were lower in the OB than in the other groups (p <0.05). The frequencies of the genetic polymorphisms of the total group were similar to those of other populations. NAMPT rs1319501 C> T and rs10763861 C> T polymorphisms were associated with obesity (p <0.05). Genetic polymorphisms did not influence the anthropometric profile ofthe total group (p> 0.05), but in the obese group, the GHRL rs4684677 T> A polymorphism was related to a higher body fat percentage (p = 0.043). After nutritional orientation, a decrease in calorie intake and in the consumption of carbohydrates, total fats, sodium, magnesium and beta-carotene CP <0.05) were observed. Genetic polymorphisms did not influence the anthropometric profile and the dietary intake of obese individuaIs after nutritional orientation. In conclusion, NAMPT and GHRL gene polymorphisms contribute to adiposity but do not influence dietary behavior and anthropometric profile after nutritional orientation.

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Mingozzi, Daniele <1978&gt. « La nuova concezione della ferrovia europea dalle reti nazionali a una rete integrata. Effetti delle direttive sulla liberalizzazione, interoperabilità, sicurezza ». Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2007. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/94/.

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Vincenzi, Fabian. « Reti neurali convoluzionali per il miglioramento di immagini tomografiche ad angoli limitati ». Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/22199/.

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Nel corso della tesi verrà presentata una rete neurale convoluzionale e un suo utilizzo per la ricostruzione di immagini CT (Computed Tomography) a bassa dose. Delle CNN viene approfondita una rete RED-CNN e una rete U-Net. Dopo che vengono affrontati questi argomenti sono presenti dei test effettuati per avere la rete più efficace possibile.

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Mollo, Francesca <1985&gt. « Reti di contratti e reti di imprese ». Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/4476/.

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Il lavoro di ricerca prende le mosse da una premessa di ordine economico. Il fenomeno delle reti di impresa, infatti, nasce dalla realtà economica dei mercati. In tale contesto non può prescindere dal delineare un quadro della situazione- anche di crisi- congiunturale che ha visto coinvolte specialmente le imprese italiane. In tale prospettiva, si è reso necessario indagare il fenomeno della globalizzazione, con riferimento alle sue origini,caratteristiche e conseguenze. Ci si sofferma poi sulla ricostruzione dogmatica del fenomeno. Si parte dalla ricostruzione dello stesso in termini di contratto plurilaterale- sia esso con comunione di scopo oppure plurilaterale di scambio- per criticare tale impostazione, non del tutto soddisfacente, in quanto ritenuto remissiva di fronte alla attuale vis espansiva del contratto plurilaterale. Più convincente appare lo schema del collegamento contrattuale, che ha il pregio di preservare l’autonomia e l’indipendenza degli imprenditori aderenti, pur inseriti nel contesto di un’operazione economica unitaria, volta a perseguire uno scopo comune, l’“interesse di rete”, considerato meritevole di tutela secondo l’ordinamento giuridico ex art. 1322 2.co. c.c. In effetti il contratto ben si presta a disegnare modelli di rete sia con distribuzione simmetrica del potere decisionale, sia con distribuzione asimmetrica, vale a dire con un elevato livello di gerarchia interna. Non può d’altra parte non ravvisarsi un’affinità con le ipotesi di collegamento contrattuale in fase di produzione, consistente nel delegare ad un terzo parte della produzione, e nella fase distributiva, per cui la distribuzione avviene attraverso reti di contratti. Si affronta la materia della responsabilità della rete, impostando il problema sotto due profili: la responsabilità interna ed esterna. La prima viene risolta sulla base dell’affidamento reciproco maturato da ogni imprenditore. La seconda viene distinta in responsabilità extracontrattuale, ricondotta nella fattispecie all’art. 2050 c.c., e contrattuale.
The research starts from an of economic preamble. The phenomenon of enterprise networks, in fact, stems from the economic reality of the markets. In this context, it couldn't be left out of consideration to outline a picture of the situation -even in crisis- which involved especially the Italian companies. Therefore, it was necessary to investigate the phenomenon of globalization, with reference to its origins, characteristics and consequences. Then the research focuses on the reconstruction of the dogmatic phenomenon. Starting from its reconstruction in terms of multilateral contract up to criticize this approach, not entirely satisfactory, as it is considered submissive opposed to the current expansion of the multilateral agreement. More convincing appears to be the scheme of the contractual connection, which has the advantage of preserving the autonomy and independence of the participating entrepreneurs, although framed in the context of an economic unit, which aims to achieve a common goal: the 'network common-good', well worthy of protection according to the article 1322 2.co. of the Civil code. In fact, the contract fits well to define network models both with symmetrical distribution of the decision-making power, and with asymmetric distribution, that is to say with a high level of internal hierarchy. On the other hand, couldn't be neglected the similarity with the hypothesis of contractual connection in the production stage; consisting in delegating to a third a share of the production, and in the distribution phase, thus the distribution occurs through networks of contracts. It also addresses the subject of responsibility for the network, setting the problem in two aspects: external and internal accountability. The first is resolved on the basis of trust mutual gained by each employer. The second is divided into non-contractual liability, linked up, in this case, to the art. 2050 Civil code, and contractual.

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Osorio, Espada Brigitt Angela, Cacñahuaray Geraldine Quispe, Reyes Vaneza Elizabeth Rivera et Gutiérrez Carmen del Rosario Sánchez. « U RENT ». Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/625396.

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U RENT nace de la necesidad de satisfacer la demanda de alquileres de viviendas para jóvenes universitarios, los cuales se ven afectados por el tráfico, la distancia entre su lugar de residencia o trabajo y la universidad. Es debido a eso, que con la creación de U RENT buscamos atender a nuestro público objetivo, los estudiantes universitarios, quienes se caracterizan por ser la generación más adaptada y de alguna forma más dependiente del uso de herramientas tecnológicas para su comunicación. Para poder desarrollar el trabajo se realizaron diferentes métodos de investigación, resaltando dentro de ellos las entrevistas a los estudiantes y anfitriones, la utilización de un experiment-board que validó nuestra teoría inicial y la creación de una landing page que tuvo como resultado 22% de conversión. Por otro lado, la investigación nos dio a conocer también el interés de los anfitriones, propietarios de viviendas aledañas a las universidades del estudio, por brindar el servicio de alquiler de habitaciones u espacios a jóvenes universitarios, generando de esta manera un ingreso extra, sin tener que esforzarse por buscar a clientes que cumplan con los requisitos básicos buscados por ellos. U RENT busca ser el aplicativo que conecte a ambas partes, estudiante y anfitrión, de manera fácil, ágil y con múltiples opciones de elección en cuestión de minutos.
We are currently living in an era in which the interconnection of people predominates thanks to the use of smartphones, innovation of technological equipment and internet, make it possible to solve the requirements more quickly and be in contact with different options or alternative services without need a lot of effort. U RENT arises from the need to satisfy the demand for housing rentals for university students, who are affected by traffic, the distance between their place of residence or work and the university. It is due to that, that with the creation of U RENT we seek to serve our target audience, university students, who are characterized as the most adapted generation and in some way more depend en ton the use of technological tools for their communication. In order to carry out he work differ entre search methods were carried out, high lighting among them the interviews with the students and hosts, the use of an experiment boar that validated our initial theory and the creation of a landing page that resulted in 22% conversion . On the other hand, there search also showed us the interest of the hosts, owners of housing near the universities of the study, for providing the service of renting rooms or spaces to university students, generating in this way an extra income, withouthavetostrivetofindcustomerswhomeetthebasicrequirementssoughtbythem. U RENT seeks to be the application that connects both parties, student and host, easily, quickly and with multiple election options in a matter of minutes.
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Livres sur le sujet "RETN"

Cabigiosu, Anna, et Anna Moretti. Osservatorio Nazionale sulle reti d’impresa 2020. Venice : Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-484-4.

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L’anno 2020 ha visto svilupparsi una crisi senza precedenti a causa della pandemia. A fronte di questa situazione, l’edizione 2020 dell’Osservatorio vuole proporre una riflessione su come le reti d’imprese possano rappresentare uno strumento di resilienza delle imprese, guardando alle relazioni inter-organizzative come strumento di flessibilità, cambiamento e adattamento. L’edizione 2020 dell’Osservatorio sviluppa un approfondimento sulla relazione tra il funzionamento della rete e la performance delle imprese in rete ed è arricchito da alcuni approfondimenti settoriali. I risultati presentati aiuteranno i manager a massimizzare le opportunità offerte dalla rete ed i policy maker ad orientare in modo ancora più efficace l’utilizzo dei contratti di rete come strumento di resilienza.

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Giorgi, Andrea, Stefano Moscadelli, Gian Maria Varanini et Stefano Vitali, dir. Erudizione cittadina e fonti documentarie. Florence : Firenze University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6453-840-2.

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Nei decenni centrali dell’Ottocento – il “secolo della Storia” –, gli archivi si aprono alla ricerca storica; una nuova consapevolezza dell’importanza delle fonti documentarie di età medievale e moderna si fa strada, anche in Italia. Si organizza progressivamente la rete degli Archivi di Stato: ma prima e dopo l’Unità, la città, gli studiosi “municipali” e le loro reti di relazioni, e con essi gli archivi e le istituzioni cittadine, restano un elemento dominante. Attraverso alcuni saggi d'inquadramento e una serie di ricerche dedicate a singoli contesti cittadini di tutta la Penisola, il volume approfondisce la varietà e la ricchezza di questa trasformazione, al centro e nelle periferie.

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Iamiceli, Paola. Le reti di imprese e i contratti di rete. Torino : G. Giappichelli, 2009.

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Ciastellardi, Matteo. Le architetture liquide : Dalle reti del pensiero al pensiero in rete. Milano : LED, 2009.

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Le architetture liquide : Dalle reti del pensiero al pensiero in rete. Milano : LED, 2009.

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Kanō, Tomoko. Rein rein bō. Tōkyō : Shūeisha, 2006.

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Nystuen, Gro. Rett mot rett. Oslo] : Antirasistisk senter, 1991.

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Pakistan. The code of rent laws : Up-to-date amendments with enactments & specimens draft (agreements, affidavits, pleadings & notices) and subject-wise latest court rulings with history & comparative study. Islamabad : Islamabad Law Book House, 2014.

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Prophet, John. Fair rents : A practical guide to the law relating to the rents of residential tenancies. 3^e éd. London : Shaw and Sons, 1985.

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Chung, Keum-Sil. Die Mietzinsanhebung nach dem Miethöhegesetz : Historische Entwicklung und Kritik des geltenden Rechts. [S.l : s.n., 1992.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "RETN"

Koskinen, Kaisa, et Outi Paloposki. « Retranslation ». Dans Handbook of Translation Studies, 294–98. Amsterdam : John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hts.1.ret1.

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Paul, Chris, et Al Wilhite. « Rent-seeking, rent-defending, and rent dissipation ». Dans Efficient Rent-Seeking, 149–57. Boston, MA : Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-5055-3_16.

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Alchian, Armen A. « Rent ». Dans The World of Economics, 591–97. London : Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21315-3_79.

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Balardini, Fabian. « Rent ». Dans Routledge Handbook of Marxian Economics, 111–21. New York : Routledge, 2017. : Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315774206-11.

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Alchian, Armen A. « Rent ». Dans The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 1–5. London : Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95121-5_1738-1.

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Alchian, Armen A. « Rent ». Dans The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 1–6. London : Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95121-5_1738-2.

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Rousu, Matthew C. « Rent ». Dans Broadway and Economics, 131–32. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2018. | : Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315168364-63.

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Négrier, Sylvie. « Rein ». Dans Tumeurs malignes rares, 549–52. Paris : Springer Paris, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-2-287-72070-3_87.

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Grosclaude, P., et M. Velten. « Rein ». Dans Survie des patients atteints de cancer en France, 291–98. Paris : Springer Paris, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-2-287-39310-5_38.

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Jaffe, Audrey. « Rent ». Dans From Political Economy to Economics through Nineteenth-Century Literature, 153–72. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-24158-2_7.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "RETN"

Gony, Julien, Matthieu Cord, Sylvie Philipp-Foliguet, Philippe H. Gosselin, Frederic Precioso et Michel Jordan. « RETIN ». Dans the 6th ACM international conference. New York, New York, USA : ACM Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1282280.1282294.

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Yu, Fuxun, Chenchen Liu et Xiang Chen. « REIN ». Dans ASPDAC '19 : 24th Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference. New York, NY, USA : ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3287624.3287645.

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Reda, Waleed, Marco Canini, Lalith Suresh, Dejan Kostić et Sean Braithwaite. « Rein ». Dans EuroSys '17 : Twelfth EuroSys Conference 2017. New York, NY, USA : ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3064176.3064209.

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Winquist, Erik. « Rein check ». Dans ACM SIGGRAPH 98 Electronic art and animation catalog. New York, New York, USA : ACM Press, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/281388.281982.

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Islam, Mazharul, A. K. M. Sadrul Islam et M. Ruhul Amin. « Small-Scale Decentralized Renewable Energy Systems for the Remote Communities of the Developing Countries ». Dans ASME 2005 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pwr2005-50068.

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About 2 billion people of the world, mostly in rural areas of the developing countries, do not have access to grid-based electricity. The most critical factor affecting their livelihoods is access to clean, affordable and reliable energy services for household and productive uses. Under this backdrop, renewable and readily available energy from the nature can be incorporated in several proven renewable energy technology (RET) systems and can play a significant role in meeting crucial energy needs in these remote far flung areas. RETs are ideal as distributed energy source and they can be incorporated in packages of energy services and thus offer unique opportunities to provide improved lighting, health care, drinking water, education, communication, and irrigation. Energy is also vital for most of the income-generating activities, both at the household or commercial levels. Access to energy is strongly connected to the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), which set targets for poverty reduction, improved health, and gender equality as well as environmental sustainability. Environmentally benign renewable energy systems can contribute significantly in the above-mentioned unserved or underserved areas in the developing countries to achieve both local and global environmental benefits. This is important in the context of sustainable development in: (i) poverty alleviation, (ii) education, (iii) gender equity and empowerment, (iv) health including other benefits like improved information access through Information and Communication Technology (ICT) centers, (v) better security, and (vi) increase in social or recreational opportunities. It is evident that proliferation of renewable energy resources through implementing their applications for meeting energy demand will promote all the three dimensions namely, social, economic and environmental of sustainable development in the developing countries. Several small scale enabling RET systems have been suggested in this paper in the light of above-mentioned issues of energy sustainability and they can significantly contribute to the improvement of the livelihood of the remote impoverished rural communities of the developing countries. With the current state of technology development, several RET systems (such as wind, solar photovoltaics, solar thermal, biomass and microhydro) have become successful in different parts of the world. In this paper, an exhaustive literature survey has been conducted and several successful and financially viable small-scale RET systems were analyzed. These systems have relevance to the economies of the developing countries that can be utilized for electrification of domestic houses, micro enterprises, health clinics, educational establishments and rural development centers.

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Owens, Barbara Boucher. « Service as Rent ». Dans SIGCSE '16 : The 47th ACM Technical Symposium on Computing Science Education. New York, NY, USA : ACM, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2839509.2844550.

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« Insurance Against Rent Increases ». Dans 10th European Real Estate Society Conference : ERES Conference 2003. ERES, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.15396/eres2003_264.

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Lind, Hans. « Rent regulation – Lessons from Sweden ». Dans 24th Annual European Real Estate Society Conference. European Real Estate Society, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.15396/eres2017_ind_106.

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Wang, Hu. « ReNN : Rule-embedded Neural Networks ». Dans 2018 24th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2018.8545379.

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Wu, Changlin, Changchen Liu et Yunfeng Luo. « Rent-seeking contest with supervisor ». Dans 2012 IEEE International Conference on Information Science and Technology (ICIST). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icist.2012.6221628.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "RETN"

Farboodi, Maryam, Gregor Jarosch et Guido Menzio. Intermediation as Rent Extraction. Cambridge, MA : National Bureau of Economic Research, décembre 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w24171.

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Rothschild, Casey, et Florian Scheuer. Optimal Taxation with Rent-Seeking. Cambridge, MA : National Bureau of Economic Research, mai 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w17035.

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Luckie, M. Really Explicit Congestion Notification (RECN). RFC Editor, avril 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc7514.

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Blanchflower, David, Andrew Oswald et Peter Sanfey. Wages, Profits and Rent-Sharing. Cambridge, MA : National Bureau of Economic Research, décembre 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w4222.

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Pearson, Doug. REN-ISAC Activities and REN-ISAC / Internet2 Focus Group Results. Internet2, juillet 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.26869/ti.79.1.

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Budd, John, Josef Konings et Matthew Slaughter. International Rent Sharing in Multinational Firms. Cambridge, MA : National Bureau of Economic Research, février 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w8809.

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Asquith, Brian J. Do Rent Increases Reduce the Housing Supply under Rent Control ? Evidence from Evictions in San Francisco. W.E. Upjohn Institute, février 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.17848/wp19-296.

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Swetz, Frank J. The Geometryof Ren� Descartes. Washington, DC : The MAA Mathematical Sciences Digital Library, mars 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4169/loci003444.

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Glaeser, Edward, et Erzo F. Luttmer. The Misallocation of Housing Under Rent Control. Cambridge, MA : National Bureau of Economic Research, octobre 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w6220.

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Glaeser, Edward. The Social Costs of Rent Control Revisited. Cambridge, MA : National Bureau of Economic Research, janvier 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w5441.

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