Academic literature on the topic 'Agriculture Agricultural industries Farmers'
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Journal articles on the topic "Agriculture Agricultural industries Farmers"
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Lu, Yawen, and Binbin Li. "Research on Regional Differences of the Leisure Agriculture’s Impact on Farmers’ Income—An Empirical Analysis Based on Nonlinear Threshold Regression." Sustainability 13, no. 15 (July 28, 2021): 8416. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13158416.
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As a large agricultural country and a populous country, the development of agricultural and rural areas is the foundation for China to realize a national rejuvenation. Leisure agriculture is the main carrier of industry integration in China’s rural areas and it is an effective means to realize rural revitalization and increase farmers’ income. Industry convergence refers to a dynamic development process in which different industries or different areas of the same industry penetrate and intersect each other and finally merge into one, gradually forming a new industry. However, there is no empirical study on the staged impact of rural agriculture on rural household income and regional differences. This article breaks down the action mechanisms, analyzes the linear impact of leisure agriculture on the income of farmers and divides the development types of leisure agriculture according to the characteristics of leisure agriculture development. Using the provincial panel data from 2008 to 2016, the panel dual-threshold regression model was used to verify the regional differences in the impact of leisure agriculture on farmers’ income, from the perspective of leisure agriculture on farmers’ nominal and actual incomes. Then, the robustness model was used to test leisure agriculture’s impact on farmers’ income. The results show that the impact of leisure agriculture on the income of farmers is staged. Among them, the impact of leisure agriculture on the nominal income of farmers is an “inverted U-shaped” structure and the impact on actual income is an “N-type” structure. At the same time, the paper also finds that the regional differences in the impact of leisure agriculture on farmers’ income are significant and the constraints on the development of leisure agriculture in different regions are different. Based on this, it is proposed that the government should respond to the different development stages of leisure agriculture according to the time, and according to the different development areas of leisure agriculture. Responses should also be based on local conditions, and work to strengthen the participation of farmers.
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Golubev, Alexey V. "“Tight belts” of farmers as a condition for the profitability of agriculture." Economy of agricultural and processing enterprises, no. 7 (2021): 2–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.31442/0235-2494-2021-0-7-2-7.
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The contradiction between the profitable work of agriculture and the lack of its simple reproduction is revealed. Profits of agricultural enterprises are secured by a strict restriction on all major items of expenditure, including labor costs, which farmers are forced to go to due to the low profitability of the industry. They have to tighten their belts more and more, saving even on the necessary things. At the same time, monopolized suppliers of resources to agriculture and network trading networks, which are oligopolies, continue to siphon resources from producers of products. The author emphasizes the nature of perfect competition of the mass of agricultural producers, to which the market economy should strive. The term “market hinterland” is introduced, which characterizes the current situation of agriculture, which is economically disadvantaged by its counterparties. This intersectoral imbalance is not eliminated and is not compensated by the state, since the subsidies allocated are not enough even to bring the wages of agricultural workers to the average size in the Russian economy. The conclusion is made about the weak state regulation of intersectoral relations, which should limit monopolies and oligopolies and create equal economic conditions for different industries and also about the need for a significant increase in state support for agriculture.
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Wan, Junyi, and Lijun Zeng. "Is there Spillover Effect in Agricultural Industrialization Management?" International Journal of Business and Management 13, no. 1 (December 18, 2017): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v13n1p143.
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China agriculture industrialization management (AIM) has made remarkable achievements in increasing cooperative farmers’ income, but its impact on non-cooperative farmers excluded from the industrial management system has not caused due concern. The empirical results based on provincial level suggest the number of hierarchical agricultural management entities (HAME) have a limited influence on regional per capita gross output value of agriculture, that the driving ability of the key agricultural leading enterprises above provincial level has a significant positive impact on per capita gross output value of agriculture, that there is no statistical correlation between the indicators of driving ability and per capita household operating income of farmers. As a whole, the development level of HAME have no significant positive effect on the performance of AIM, the spillover effect of AIM is very limited. Owing to the existence of crowding out effect, AIM accelerates the differentiation between farmers within industrial management system and farmers outside the system, government need to provide more support policies for farmers outside AIM system.
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Shaqiri, Fisnik, and László Vasa. "Efficiency and Sustainability Questions of the Agricultural Production in Kosovo." Visegrad Journal on Bioeconomy and Sustainable Development 9, no. 1 (May 1, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/vjbsd-2020-0001.
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AbstractThe paper focuses on comparing the economic features of the EU-28 and agricultural industry of Kosovo and also economic and agricultural conditions with some neighbouring countries based on the statistical analyses in the period of 2012 and 2016. Generally, it can be declared that in Kosovo the employment in agriculture is at a very highly level accompanied with less developed machinery level, in spite of the inflation rate at a low level with high portion of the agricultural land of total land area compared to the cases of other neighbouring countries. The international competitiveness of farmers needs for developing the mechanization is accompanied with increasing subsidies for farmers. The lack of capital, less educated and skilled employees in agricultural industry result into some economic difficulties for the further prosperity of the sector in Kosovo. The possible solutions for the agricultural industry in Kosovo are developing the mechanization, common selling-purchasing of farmers, more activities in agricultural services, secondary activities, increasing the subsidies for farmers, attracting farmers for food manufacturing industries, extending the agricultural advisory network and creation of better credit conditions for farmers.
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Lu, Ping. "Green Development of Agriculture under the Principal-Agent Perspective." Advanced Materials Research 573-574 (October 2012): 923–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.573-574.923.
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The essence of agricultural development not only is a green industrial revolution and the new technological revolution but also is the important symbol of human into the green civilization era. In the process of green development of agriculture, between the government and the farmers there is a principal-agent relationship, that the government (principal) commissioned farmers (agents) to implement green agriculture development; principal-agent target, there are two items, namely, the production of food and ensure food nutrition and environmental security; farmers(agents) obtain the income by to sale their produce food. Research shows that the government is dominant in green agricultural development; green agriculture because of its level of standardization of certification may become the main direction of agricultural green development. Green agricultural development is a long and complex systems engineering, and should be phased manner, and constantly improve the agricultural system environment that needed for green development. To improve the ability of green development of China's agriculture, to carry out agro-ecological capital operations may be a practical way.
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Rukhsana, Rukhsana, and Nasreen Aslam Shah. "The Role Of Women Labourer In Agricultural Development Of Karachi, Sindh." Pakistan Journal of Gender Studies 15, no. 1 (September 8, 2017): 157–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.46568/pjgs.v15i1.133.
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Agriculture plays a very important role in providing food and raw material for industries that is why it is acknowledged as the back bone of agrarian societies. Globally, women contributed remarkably in the agriculture sector. Pakistani women are also playing an important role in the agricultural and economic development of the country. Although Karachi is famous around the world as a large metropolis and industrial sector, but the surrounding sub-rural areas also play a big role in the agriculture sector and women are also equal contributor of this sector. The objectives of this study to highlighted the role of women labourer in agricultural development of Karachi. The researcher used purposive sampling method to collect data through interview schedule from 200 women agricultural labourer of sub-urban Karachi. The findings of the study highlights that these women work equal as men but earn less. They work eight to nine hours daily in the farm but get only100-120 rupees per day. They do not spend their income as their own choice. In addition, they work to increase their daily livelihood along farm work. The study concludes that introduction of new technical courses and training for agriculture and market requirements would help women farmers to improve their income and financial status.
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Godin, V. V., M. N. Belousova, V. A. Belousov, and A. Е. Terekhova. "Agriculture in a digital era: threats and solutions." E-Management 3, no. 1 (May 20, 2020): 4–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.26425/2658-3445-2020-1-4-15.
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The need for digitalization of the agro-industrial complex is obvious – implementation of digital economy principles will create an institutional environment that meets modern realities and allows to generally improve production efficiency. Foreign experience of agriculture digitalization in the USA, Germany, Switzerland, and Ireland has been analysed in the article. Main technologies used for agro-industrial complex digitalization have been described. Advantages and potential of the smart farming implementation to control the accuracy of fertilizer application, prediction of adverse environmental events, quality improve of growing products and more open interaction between farmers and consumers, resource costs reduction and increase of farms profitability have been considered. Opportunities and obstacles for implementing technologies of the state project “Digital Agriculture” have been evaluated: big data, blockchain, smart farming, quantum technologies, Internet of things, robotics, wireless communications, virtual and augmented realities. Ingeneral the main obstacles are related to high cost of introducing new technologies, lack of necessary knowledge among farmers, lack of legal framework and standards, and lack of information and software protection mechanism. Barriers and their potential solutions in the process of agriculture digitalization in Russia have been defined in the article. Main solutions to overcome the barriers described include: favorable regulatory environment for digital agriculture development, information and economic security of agricultural producers, nationwide information and communication infrastructure for the industry (including provision of public services on the basis of a single cloud platform), necessary training for “intellectual” agriculture, implementation of digital technologies in related industries, development of the agricultural digital enterprise concept and the way of its implementation.
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Meyer, James H. "1041 DESIGNING THE NEW LAND GRANT UNIVERSITY." HortScience 29, no. 5 (May 1994): 577e—577. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.5.577e.
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Massive changes occurring in the agricultural industries and expanding societal interests in environmental quality, food safety, competition for natural resources, along with population pressure, are making it `evident Land Grant colleges of agriculture (LGCAs) must reorganize to address a broader interface of both agriculture-related issues and issues relevant to society in general. A reduced focus on agriculture as such must be anticipated, with more emphasis directed toward life sciences, food quality, environmental concerns, and rural-urban interfaces. Since their establishment in 1862, LGCAs have helped U.S. farmers improve production so much that the numbers of people needed in agricultural sector have plummeted, leaving the status and future of these colleges uneasy. Although the original LGCA model was appropriate for its time, the modern environment at scientific and agricultural universities calls for a new model. To achieve renewal, one must change mindset, revise the mission, provide creative, learning leaders and chart the course for evolution of revitalized institutions.
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Asano-Tamanoi, Mariko. "Farmers, Industries, and the State: The Culture of Contract Farming in Spain and Japan." Comparative Studies in Society and History 30, no. 3 (July 1988): 432–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417500015322.
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Farmers used to grow, process, store, and merchandise food and fiber. Such “agriculture as an industry in and of itself or as a distinct phase of our economy,” however, has long become a legacy of the past (Davis and Goldberg 1957:1). Farmers today stand in relations of growing complexity with various “others” for the purpose of agricultural production, i.e. farm suppliers, banks, research centers, processors, storage operators, distributors, and the government. In other words, farmers work in the complex web of relationships created by all these individuals and institutions. In this context, “contract farming,” a topic of growing interest among social scientists, seems to epitomize, perhaps most clearly, such complex production relations maintained by many farmers today in various corners of the world.
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Khan, Nawab, Ram L. Ray, Ghulam Raza Sargani, Muhammad Ihtisham, Muhammad Khayyam, and Sohaib Ismail. "Current Progress and Future Prospects of Agriculture Technology: Gateway to Sustainable Agriculture." Sustainability 13, no. 9 (April 27, 2021): 4883. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13094883.
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The agricultural industry is getting more data-centric and requires precise, more advanced data and technologies than before, despite being familiar with agricultural processes. The agriculture industry is being advanced by various information and advanced communication technologies, such as the Internet of Things (IoT). The rapid emergence of these advanced technologies has restructured almost all other industries, as well as advanced agriculture, which has shifted the industry from a statistical approach to a quantitative one. This radical change has shaken existing farming techniques and produced the latest prospects in a series of challenges. This comprehensive review article enlightens the potential of the IoT in the advancement of agriculture and the challenges faced when combining these advanced technologies with conventional agricultural systems. A brief analysis of these advanced technologies with sensors is presented in advanced agricultural applications. Numerous sensors that can be implemented for specific agricultural practices require best management practices (e.g., land preparation, irrigation systems, insect, and disease management). This review includes the integration of all suitable techniques, from sowing to harvesting, packaging, transportation, and advanced technologies available for farmers throughout the cropping system. Besides, this review article highlights the utilization of other tools such as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for crop monitoring and other beneficiary measures, such as optimizing crop yields. In addition, advanced programs based on the IoT are also discussed. Finally, based on our comprehensive review, we identified advanced prospects regarding the IoT, which are essential tools for sustainable agriculture.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Agriculture Agricultural industries Farmers"
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Sartorius, Kurt. "Linking small-scale farmers to agribusiness the economics of contracting /." Thesis, Pretoria : [s.n.], 2003. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-02122007-171339.
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McHenry, Helen L. "Understanding the farmer's view : perceptions of changing agriculture and the move to agri-environmental policies in southern Scotland." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1994. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=166020.
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Although agri-environmental policies represent only a small part of the agricultural support system, they symbolise a major change in the direction of government policy. Consequently, the move from supporting farmers for food production to supporting them for looking after the environment, involves a significant change in the culture of farming. In this thesis, the way farmers gave meaning to the changes occurring in agriculture, and to the growing importance of conservation issues, was considered. An actor-oriented approach was used to theorise farmers' interpretations of the situation in agriculture. This approach acknowledged individuals as knowing, active subjects directing their lives, but the importance of external conditions in facilitating and constraining farmers' choices and interpretations was recognised. The research was carried out in southern Scotland, where farmers' perceptions of changing agriculture, in the light of the designation of the Southern Uplands Environmentally Sensitive Area (ESA) scheme, were examined. In-depth, qualitative interviews with farmers were the main source of data. Major themes in farmers' interpretations of the situation in agriculture were the uncertainty and growing bureaucracy in farming. Additionally, many farmers felt they were increasingly dependent on, and controlled by, the government. The changing role of farmers in society was of interest; many felt that the status of farmers had declined. Whereas previously the public depended on them for food production, now farmers were reliant on public support. Farmers' construction of conservation, their views of Nature, and the meanings they attached to conservation activities, were examined. Their perceptions of conservationists were found to influence interpretations of conservation.
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Miller, Elizabeth. "Farming Without Farmers: Deskilling in Contract Broiler Farming." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/24222.
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Social scientists and food studies scholars have shown an enduring interest in how
food is produced in our largely industrialized food system. However, there has been little
research about the organization of labor on industrialized farms. These sites of production
are mostly privately owned and hidden away from researchers and journalists, who are
often perceived as critics or activists by farmers and other agriculturalists. My
dissertation fills this gap by focusing exclusively on industrialized contract broiler farms.
Contract broiler farming is a model where farmers agree to raise chickens for meat for a
set amount of time, at a rate of pay based on the ratio of feed to chicken weight at
slaughter. Farmers invest in the built infrastructure to execute this process, but the
company they contract for is mostly in control of the upstream and downstream supply
and processing chains that depend on the production of the broiler chicken for their
continued functioning.
I use archival, interview, and ethnographic data to detail the history of broiler
farming, the emergence of contracting, and what the experience of it is like today. The
most significant and novel part of this project is my ethnographic data collected over six
months spent working on two broiler farms contracted with one of the largest firms in the
US. To date, no other researchers have been able to gain this level of access.
In this dissertation, I begin by exploring the role of management, detailing how the
structure of the farming contract and ambiguous supervisory oversight facilitates farmer’s
compliance with company demands. Then, utilizing agricultural and labor scholarship on
deskilling in the labor process, I explore how poultry farming has become deskilled,
robbing farmers of autonomy, the opportunity to agitate for better labor conditions, and
ultimately eroding the intimate knowledge necessary to execute successful animal
husbandry. Finally, I explore the games farmers play at work. While these games obscure
how surplus value is appropriated from the farmer by the contracting firm, they also
demonstrate farmer’s resistance and acquiescence to their deskilling and loss of
autonomy.
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Mfune, Elizabeth. "Effects of an agribusiness collapse on contract growers and their communities : a case study of Makeni Cooperative Society, Lusaka, Zambia." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007627.
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This study assesses the effects of an agribusiness collapse, on the contracted growers and their surrounding communities in Lusaka Province, Zambia. In 2004, Agriflora Limited, a Trans-Zambezi Industries Limited (TZI) agribusiness in Lusaka Zambia was sold off. Agriflora Limited was one ofthe largest fresh vegetable exporters in Africa. It had contracted almost 500 small-scale farmers with 1-4 hectares of land within 50 km radius of Lusaka to grow vegetables for export. Makeni Cooperative Society was one of the targeted groups of growers. It grew baby corn, mangetout peas, and sugar snap and fine beans for export. The case study relied on both primary and secondary data. I undertook two months of ethnographic fieldwork utilising observations, in-depth interviews and informal discussions with some community members in Makeni. I also reviewed the literature on contract farming schemes (documenting both the negative and positive effects for growers) in developing countries. The case study showed that the impact of the collapse of Agriflora on the growers has been severe indeed; there has been a significant reduction in production with only a few farmers producing for export. Those that are producing are limited to one crop, baby corn. The effect on the local labour market (farm workers) has been quite drastic with a drop in employment. A new agribusiness company, York Farm, was sourced by the government for the contract growers of Makeni. York Farm has signed a procurement contract under which only sale and purchase conditions are specified. This means that, services such as extension services are no longer provided. It was also found that despite the price for baby corn at York Farm being better than what Agriflora used to offer the farmers, farmers are not producing peas which have a higher turnover than baby corn because York farm does not buy peas from the farmers. However, the farmers are hopeful that they will soon start producing peas after they pass the Eurep gap requirements. Furthermore, the farmers are still interested in contract farming as they are convinced that it can lead to higher farm incomes. While the neoliberal critique of the pre- Structural Adjustment agricultural policies was based on the need to improve rural farming income and productivity, my study shows that the contract farmers are not the "traditional" peasant farmers but retired civil servants or former public sector employees who lost their jobs during the contraction of the sector. In conclusion, my field work revealed that the collapse of Agriflora has had negative effects on the growers of MCS in terms a significant decrease in crop production, decline in farmer income, lack of technical assistance such as extension services, transportation problems (to take produce to the new market-York Farm) and reduced contraction in employment opportunities for farm workers.
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McCune, Lornaida Palmer Craig. "The social economics of organic production in Columbia's Farmer's Market." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/6717.
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The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file. Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on March 23, 2010). Thesis advisor: Dr. Craig Palmer. Includes bibliographical references.
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Khapayi, Musa. "Agribusiness challenges to effectiveness of contract farming in commercialisation of small-scale vegetable farmers." Thesis, Nelson Mandela University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/13981.
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The spread of contract farming in South Africa in recent years has provoked an ideological debate in literature. Linking small-scale vegetable farmers with lucrative agricultural markets through agribusiness value chains is seen as one of the foremost emerging agricultural practices to develop the subsistence farming sector into a mainstream economic sector – thereby revitalising the rural economy and alleviating poverty levels in the developing rural areas of South Africa. However, the challenges agribusiness and small-scale farmers experience in contract farming engagement and the prospects for enhancing the inclusion of small-scale farmers into modern value chains remain open to debate – two decades after transition to democracy. Yet the factors and mechanisms influencing the effective application of contract farming in the transition to commercial farming by small-scale farmers have not been thoroughly explored in South African research. Despite the efforts and the substantial investments made and the various policies and initiatives instigated to fast-track the linkages of small-scale farmers into high-value markets, the success stories of previously disadvantaged farmers operating in commercial agri-food chains are rare. Given the millions of small-scale farmers in former homelands alone, the negligible number of small-scale farmers successfully operating in commercial agri-food chains shows that the objectives to enable small-scale farmers to improve their livelihoods through participation in commercial agri-food chains have not yet been met. The broad objectives of the study were therefore to investigate the agribusiness challenges inherent in contract farming and the conditions and incentives required by agribusiness firms to engage small-scale vegetable farmers in contract farming programmes. Furthermore, the study examined the role played by the South African government to reduce the high transaction costs incurred by agribusinesses when engaging small-scale farmers in contractual arrangements. The Amathole and Sarah Baartman (formerly Cacadu) district municipalities in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa were chosen as the composite survey area for this study. A predominantly qualitative research approach was applied to gather data on the phenomena under study. The following methodologies and research instruments and tools were selected. Firstly – as the secondary component of the research – a systematic review of literature to date was conducted to guide the empirical research and primary methodology. Secondly, the empirical component of the study comprised a questionnaire survey, unstructured interviews and focus group discussions. The questionnaire survey was used to collect data from the agribusiness firms in the area surveyed concerning the following aspects: the significant determinants of contract farming, the incentives required by the agribusiness firms to engage small-scale vegetable farmers in their contract farming programmes and the challenges faced by agribusiness firms in their interaction with small-scale farmers in contractual arrangements. Unstructured interviews were used to gather data from officials at each of the three levels of government – the Department of Rural Development and Land Reform nationally, Department of Agriculture and Land Reform provincially and (at local government level) two district municipalities – on the role played by government to reduce the high transaction costs incurred by agri-firms when procuring agricultural raw materials from small-scale vegetable farmers. Focus group discussions were conducted with small-scale farmers regarding their perspective on working with agribusiness firms and to establish the distinguishing characteristics of small-scale farmers in the area surveyed. Relevant policy documents collected from two of the three representative groups of the study population, i.e. agribusiness personnel and government officials, provided the essential context. The study revealed a limited number of contract farming business linkages between small-scale vegetable farmers and agribusiness firms in the survey area. Those that do exist are problematic to both the agribusiness firms and the small-scale farmers. It emerged that the contract farming environment in the area surveyed is highly polarised and characterised by a fundamental conflict of interest between agribusiness and farmer. Among the divergent key factors inhibiting contract farming engagement were a lack in terms of quality seeds, trust, entrepreneurial skills and formal contract agreements. Asset endowment (both land and non-land assets) was found to be significant pre-selection determinants in the farmer’s capacity to be contracted. Access to innovative technology, as well as government incentives such as production inputs, were found to be critical to agribusiness firms to engage smallscale farmers in their contract farming programmes. Government assistance in terms of high transaction costs to agribusiness firms working with large groups of small-scale farmers was found to be essential but inadequate under current policy. This impacts directly on the effectiveness and promotion of contract farming. Furthermore, the current results corroborate the findings of numerous South African studies in the vast body of worldwide research. Firstly, lack of land and non-land assets continue to be major impediments to the direct participa-tion of small-scale farmers in contract farming programmes and, secondly, the transaction and market information costs incurred by agribusiness prevent the participation of less endowed farmers in contract farming programmes. Conducted within the interpretivist paradigm, the explorative research identified wide-ranging challenges in the relationship between agri-business and small-scale farmers which directly impact the effective-ness of contract farming as a development and agrarian reform strategy. Despite their problematic relationship, however, agribusiness and small-scale contract farmers were in agreement that the government needs to expand its support for agri-firms to incentivise greater numbers of small-scale farmers having the opportunity to achieve commercial status through contract farming. The study therefore recommends a collaborative partnership between private firms and government, with state support through revised policies and development programmes. These amendments are crucial to enhancing the engagement of small-scale vegetable farmers in lucrative agri-food chains.
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Ali, Akeel Ellafi. "Examination of effects of expanding cities on peri-urban agricultural areas : implications on farmers' livelihoods in Qarabulli District in the eastern part of Tripoli, Libya." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2017. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/34004/.
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Many countries in the southern hemisphere are still in the process of developing. In North Africa to be specific, the development process is bringing about various degrees of land use and land cover changes which are having various levels of impact on people’s lives both in urban and peri-urban areas among others. The core causes of these changes vary, but literature indicates that the process of urbanization is the main cause since as cities and town areas urbanization, deforestation, soil erosion and the sale of land by rural farmers are encouraged. Implications of land use and land cover changes are broad and vary across geographies. It is the variations of the impact of such changes that motivated this researcher to conduct this research with the aim of analyzing effects of urbanization and expanding cities on the surrounding agricultural area. The research zeroed in on trying to understand how peri urban farmers and their livelihoods are being impacted by various land use and land cover changes that are emerging from the expansion of Tripoli, the capital of Libya. This study examined the impact, both positive and negative, that the expansion of Tripoli has had on the livelihoods of these rural households in Qarabulli. It further sought to identify the way affected farmers and households cope and react to the various changes the expansion of Tripoli is exposing them to. The research also looked at the context in which the poor rural households pursue livelihoods, and discussed factors that make their livelihoods vulnerable. The forms of capitals, named livelihood assets, available to the rural households are also examined. The livelihood outcomes of the farmers, the strategies and the coping measures employed by affected peri urban farmers are identified and discussed. Through the utilization of a mixed methods research approach, a mix of qualitative and quantitative data were collected, and analyzed. Data collection was done in two stages. The first stage looked at land use and land cover changes through a critical analysis of land degradation and this was done using Remote Sensing and GIS techniques. Image Classification, multi-temporal Landsat TM, and ETM+ imagery were used to determine and detect land use and land cover changes during the periods 1986 to 2009. The second stage of the research data collection process, collected qualitative data using Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) methods to explore farmers’ experiences and feelings on how the land use changes are impacting their livelihoods. Through the use of Remote Sensing and GIS techniques, the study area is divided into four categories: urban area, forest land, irrigated farmland and bare land. Land use and land cover changes during the years 1986 and 2009 were noted and analyzed based on satellite images. The study found that throughout 1986 up to 2009, the size of land classified originally as urban area changed from the original size of 4,997 hectares to 9,653 hectares while within the same time span, land originally classified as forest land reduced in size by 1,793 hectares. Further to these changes, land classified as bare land increased in size by 2,353 ha while the original size of land classified as irrigated farmland reduced by nearly 2,204 hectares. These observed changes are significant, hence pose a growing threat to agricultural land in Libya which could impact food production and water quantity and quality thus potentially destabilizing food sufficiency and sustainability of the whole nation. Key findings concerned the identification of water quality and quantity as the main challenges faced the agricultural sector. As a way of managing this problem, the farmers asked for a speedy intervention of the Libyan government through greater regulation and investment in the agricultural sector. Further to the land use and land cover changes that were noted through the use and analysis of the satellite images, the study also noted that livelihoods of rural farmers in the periphery of Tripoli are threatened by the expansion of the city. The expansion, which is the core reason why the images are displaying the various changes noted, confirm that land originally used for agriculture has changed its use and is now used as urban land where urban settlements and associated infrastructure have been constructed thus making farmers lose the land on which rural households activities were being conducted. The study also found that there are both positive and negative outcomes to the rural households when cities like Tripoli expand. The expansion of Tripoli enabled some of the affected households to access new livelihoods through migration and securing of alternative sources of income in the urban area. On the other hand, the loss of land by the farmers means that there is shortage of land for agriculture. Coupled with poor water and soil qualities, the direct consequences of reduced farming activities have been low food production at household level which has negatively affected rural people’s livelihoods. The study is the first of its kind to be conducted in Libya and among others differs from other studies conducted on urbanization and livelihoods area in Libya because of the nature of study methods. No study prior to this has ever employed a combination of Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) strategies, Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographical Information Systems (GIS) approaches in one study that sought to better understand the impact of land use and land cover changes on livelihoods of peri-urban farmers.
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Ramaswamy, Maya. "Assessing occupational health among transitional agricultural workforces: a mixed methods study among U.S. beginning farmers and South Indian tea harvesting workers." Diss., University of Iowa, 2018. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6251.
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Agriculture is a hazardous industry worldwide, and certain groups of agricultural workers are at increased risk of experiencing adverse health outcomes. Agricultural workforces are becoming increasingly transitional, as established and experienced workers exit the industry and new workers take their place. Limited occupational health surveillance exists among certain transitional agricultural workforces. In the US, beginning farmers, i.e., agricultural workers with 10 years or less experience operating a farm, may differ from established farmers in terms of their demographics, length of experience within the agricultural industry, and occupational exposures and health outcomes. Separately, South Indian tea harvesting workers are exposed to occupational physical demands that are risk factors for musculoskeletal health outcomes. However, few studies have examined associations between occupational demands and musculoskeletal pain among these workers. Furthermore, no studies have identified additional occupational health issues within the tea harvesting process.
To address the lack of available knowledge on beginning farmers and tea harvesting workers, the goals of this mixed method study were to estimate the associations between musculoskeletal symptoms and occupational physical demands and occupational psychosocial stress among beginning farmers in the US and tea harvesting workers in South India. An additional goal was to identify occupational health issues within the tea harvesting process and to determine how tea harvesting workers conceptualize and prioritize these issues.
An online survey was conducted among beginning farmers across the U.S. Participants answered questions about their demographics, personal health and farm characteristics, occupational physical demands, occupational psychosocial stress, and musculoskeletal symptoms of the low back, neck/shoulder, and elbow/wrist/hand. An interviewer-based survey was conducted among South Indian tea harvesting workers. Participants answered questions about their demographics, personal health, occupational physical demands, occupational psychosocial stress, and musculoskeletal symptoms of the neck/upper back, lower back, upper extremity region, and lower extremity region. A qualitative study was conducted using focus groups among South Indian tea harvesting workers and semi-structured interviews and structured interviews among South Indian tea harvesting workers and supervisors.
Results from the cross sectional online survey concluded that musculoskeletal symptoms were common among beginning farmers. In addition, occupational physical demands were associated with musculoskeletal pain, particularly low back pain was associated with working in awkward and cramped positions, bending or twisting the back, and carrying, lifting, or moving heavy material by hand. Results from the cross sectional interviewer-based survey concluded that musculoskeletal symptoms were also common among South Indian tea harvesting workers. Musculoskeletal pain was associated with exposure to forceful exertions, awkward posture, and repetition. Finally, results from the qualitative study identified additional occupational health issues within tea harvesting, including the presence of animals and pelvic organ prolapse. The study further identified important influential stakeholders within the tea harvesting process. Findings from these three studies may be used to inform future health interventions among these transitional workforces.
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Petersen, Emelda. "A theoretical framework for the labour relations between the farmer and farm workers during industrial strike actions." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2671.
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Thesis (MTech (Public Management))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017.The purpose of this study was to analyse the labour relations of the workers in the agricultural sector, with reference to the De Doors area in the Western Cape. Despite the political, social and economic changes to better the lives of the farm workers that have been implemented to rectify the inequalities of the past, the labour conditions on farms stayed unchanged. It is evident that there is a gap in the labour relations in the agricultural sector, due to the 2012/13 strike actions that took place. Qualitative research methodology was employed in the study; it provided the researcher with the opportunity to personally interact with the farm workers. It further allowed the researcher to gain a holistic understanding of the daily lives of the farm workers which would foster a better understanding of their daily struggles. Interviews were used as method of data collection. This methodology also enables the researcher to interpret and describe the actions of participants. Good labour relations play a vital role in any industry or organisation. Farm workers are generally classified as vulnerable and the most exploited group of the South African society. They often work irregular hours throughout the year in various weather settings. Regardless of the physical strain that their jobs entail, farm workers earn a low wage and are often deprived of the basic benefits that an employee should be entitled to. This was the reason the farm workers embarked on a strike in 2012/13. The researcher proposed recommendations to the Agricultural department on how to improve the labour relations on the farms in the De Doorns area by suggesting that more labour inspectors are being employed to oversee that legislation are implemented. Skills Development needs to be become compulsory for all farm workers as farming is becoming more technological. Skills Development unlocks talents and creative energy for the farm workers which have a positive impact on production.
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Zerbato, Caio César. "Política pública para a agricultura familiar: avaliação do programa paranaense “Fábrica do Agricultor”." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2013. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/687.
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A partir da década de 1990 com legitimação do Estado da agricultura familiar como uma categoria social no meio rural, por intermédio de políticas públicas voltadas para o segmento, diversos programas governamentais surgiram para o fortalecimento desse modelo de desenvolvimento rural. No Estado do Paraná, em 1999 foi criado o programa Agroindústria Familiar “Fábrica do Agricultor” (PFA), com o objetivo de agregar valor aos produtos oriundos da agricultura familiar através da verticalização da produção pela agroindustrialização de pequeno porte. Assim, o objetivo geral deste estudo consistiu em avaliar o programa Agroindústria Familiar “Fábrica do Agricultor”. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida de forma descritiva quanto à abordagem dos seus objetivos, com a utilização das técnicas de pesquisa bibliográfica, pesquisa documental e levantamento, com a utilização de entrevistas estruturadas. Buscou-se primeiramente compreender a questão agrária brasileira, sob o enfoque das pequenas propriedades. Na sequência, definiu-se a agricultura familiar, as principais estratégias de reprodução social dos agricultores e os principais aspectos teóricos e metodológicos de políticas públicas, em uma revisão de literatura. Posteriormente foi realizada a análise documental e bibliográfica para maior conhecimento do PFA, subsidiando a elaboração dos instrumentos de coleta de dados. As entrevistas foram realizadas com uma amostra de 53 (cinquenta e três) agroindústrias que consistem no público prioritário beneficiário do programa, além disso com policy-makers e entidades participantes. Na etapa analítica do trabalho foram identificados os resultados decorrentes da implementação do PFA, comparando-os com os objetivos do programa. A política apresentou resultados diferenciados entre os objetivos propostos, sendo extremamente bem sucedida nos objetivos de inovação tecnológica, foco no mercado e apoio à agricultura familiar. Ficou evidenciado a relevância da agricultura familiar no estado paranaense e a significativa contribuição das políticas públicas para o fortalecimento da agricultura familiar, especificamente as ações do PFA para a promoção dos processos de verticalização da produção pela agroindustrialização de pequeno porte e o acesso aos mercados consumidores, com geração de emprego, renda e manutenção da família rural no campo.Starting in the 1990s, with the legitimation of the State of family farming as a social category in rural areas, through public policies for the sector, many governmental programs have emerged to strengthen this rural development model. In the state of Paraná, in 1999, the the family farming program “Farmer's Factory” (Fábrica do Agricultor - PFA) was created with the objective of adding value to products from family farms through the vertical integration of the production of small agroindustrialization businesses. The objective of this study was to evaluate the family farming program “Farmer's Factory” (Fábrica do Agricultor - PFA). The research was conducted utilizing a descriptive approach to its goals, using techniques of bibliographical research, documentary research and surveys, which were done through structured interviews. First, the understanding of the Brazilian agrarian issue was sought, from the standpoint of small-scale family farms. Further, family farming, as well as the main strategies of social reproduction of farmers and the main theoretical and methodological aspects of public policy, were all defined through literature review. Subsequently, a bibliographical review and analysis were performed in order to achieve greater knowledge of the program (PFA), subsidizing the development of instruments for data collection. Interviews were conducted with a sample of 53 (fifty three) agribusinesses which consist the primary beneficiary target of the program, in addition to policy-makers and participating entities. In the analytical phase of the study the results from the implementation of the program (PFA) were identified, and compared with the goals of the program. The policy presented differentiated results among the proposed objectives, being extremely successful in the goals of technological innovation, market focus and support for the family farming industry. The study revealed the importance of family farming in the state of Paraná and the significant contribution of policies that strengthen this family agriculture, specifically the actions of the program (PFA) which promotes the vertical integration of production processes through the agroindustrialization of small businesses as well as their access to consumer markets, generating employment, income, enabling agricultural households to remain in rural areas.
Books on the topic "Agriculture Agricultural industries Farmers"
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Contributions to the national economy and farmers' welfare: Five years of agricultural research and development, 2002-2006. Jakarta: Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development, Ministry of Agriculture, 2009.
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Farms and factories: Social profile of large farmers and rural industrialists in West India. Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1995.
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Fulton, Murray E. Co-operatives and farmers in the new agriculture. Saskatoon: Centre for the Study of Co-operatives, 2003.
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Rutten, Mario. Farms and factories: Social profile of large farmers and rural industrialists in West India. Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1995.
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Hellin, Jon. Feeding the market: South American farmers, trade and globalization. Bloomfield, CT: Kumarian Press, 2003.
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Hellin, Jon. Feeding the market: South American farmers, trade and globalization. Bloomfield, CT: Kumarian Press, 2003.
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Sophie, Higman, and Latin American Bureau, eds. Feeding the market: South American farmers, trade, and globalization. London: ITDG, 2003.
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Wenn die Bauern wiederkommen: Frauen, Arbeit und Agrobusiness in Venezuela. Bremen: Edition CON, 1985.
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John, Harvard, ed. Making the farm income safety net stronger and more responsive to farmers' needs: Report of the Standing Committee on Agriculture and Agri-Food. [Ottawa]: The Committee, 2000.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Agriculture Agricultural industries Farmers"
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Gupta, A. K. "1. Farmers’ Innovations and Agricultural Technologies." In Sustainable Mountain Agriculture Volume 2, 391–412. Rugby, Warwickshire, United Kingdom: Practical Action Publishing, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780443553.001.
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Yirzagla, Julius, Ibrahim K. D. Atokple, Mohammed Haruna, Abdul Razak Mohammed, Desmond Adobaba, Bashiru Haruna, and Benjamin Karikari. "Impacts of Cowpea Innovation Platforms in Sustaining TL III Project Gains in Ghana." In Enhancing Smallholder Farmers' Access to Seed of Improved Legume Varieties Through Multi-stakeholder Platforms, 171–83. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8014-7_12.
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AbstractOver the past decades, farm-level yields of cowpea have remained low (0.6–0.8 t/ha) compared to what is observed on research fields (1.8–2.5 t/ha). Lack of farmer access to quality seeds of improved varieties and inappropriate cultural practices are the major factors responsible for the low productivity of the crop. The use of Innovative Platforms (IPs) as a strategy to facilitate farmer access to quality seeds was, therefore, considered under the Tropical Legume (TL) III and USAID Cowpea Outscaling projects in Northern Ghana. The platform activities started in 2016 with a total membership of 100, which increased steadily to 820 by December 2018. The research team of the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research-Savannah Agricultural Research Institute (CSIR-SARI) trained platform members to produce certified seeds to be supplied to target communities, thereby enhancing smallholder farmers’ access to improved varieties. A total of 1848 members of the platform were trained in various farm operations. A revolving system was set up in which each farmer group was supplied with improved seed and after harvesting returned the equivalent of seed received to the platform. Having been trained to produce their own seed, members of the platform are self-reliant in acquiring improved seed and are actively engaged in various operations that sustain the gains of the two projects that have been phased out.
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Brown, Jonathan. "Agricultural Policy and the National Farmers’ Union, 1908–1939." In Agriculture and Politics in England, 1815–1939, 178–98. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230514775_7.
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Vieri, Marco, Daniele Sarri, Stefania Lombardo, Marco Rimediotti, Riccardo Lisci, Valentina De Pascale, Eleonora Salvini, Carolina Perna, and Andrea Pagliai. "Agriculture historical steps towards Sustainable Precision Agriculture." In Manuali – Scienze Tecnologiche, 1. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-044-3.01.
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The term precision agriculture were introduced into scientific literature by Jhon Schueller in the 1991 Meeting of the American Society of Agricultural Engineers (ASAE) in Chicago: “the continuous advantages in automation hardware and software technology have made possible what is variously knows as spatially-variable, or site specific crop production”. The concept of sustainable development was introduced in 1987 in the Bruntland Report and the term “sustainable agriculture” was defined in the 5th European Environmental action programme: Towards sustainability. In Agenda 2000, 5 main objectives founded Common Agricultura Policies toward 2020: competitiveness; food safety and quality; farmers’ wellness and proper income; environmental respect; new jobs opportunities for farmers’ communities
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Sun, Kaimeng. "Realization of the Regional Advantageous Agricultural Industries Analysis System." In Computer and Computing Technologies in Agriculture III, 326–32. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12220-0_47.
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Han, Guo-Ming, and He Wang. "Farmer Cooperatives as the Mainstay on Safety of Agricultural Products in China." In The 19th International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management, 891–901. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-38442-4_95.
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Barzola Iza, Carlos Luis, Domenico Dentoni, Martina Mordini, Prossy Isubikalu, Judith Beatrice Auma Oduol, and Onno Omta. "The Role of Farmers’ Entrepreneurial Orientation on Agricultural Innovations in Ugandan Multi-Stakeholder Platform." In The Climate-Smart Agriculture Papers, 201–13. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92798-5_17.
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Nnamani, C. V., D. B. Adewale, H. O. Oselebe, and C. J. Atkinson. "African Yam Bean the Choice for Climate Change Resilience: Need for Conservation and Policy." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 453–69. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_203.
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AbstractGlobal warming has emerged as a major challenge to development and human wellbeing in Sub-Saharan Africa in general and Nigeria in particular. Periodic incidents show that this challenge will continue and increase in impact on all aspects of natural resources – agriculture, ecosystems services, biodiversity depletion, environmental degradation and human health. Recognizing the enormous potential of underutilized plant genetic resources (PGRs) is crucial as sources of solutions to a number of these threatening challenges emanating from climate change (food and nutrition insecurity, genetic erosion, loss of agro-biodiversity, green job growth and income generation) cannot be over-emphasized. Sphenostylis stenocarpa (Hochst. ex. A. Rich) Harms., commonly known as African yam bean (AYB) belonging to the leguminous Fabaceae, is an underutilized PGR with rich portfolio which could serve as vital source of robust adaption and resilient germplasm for vulnerable local communities in Nigeria. Its substantial nutritional, environmental, cultural, social, medicinal, industrial and soil restorative potentials underpins its position as climate – smart species. Enhancing the potentials of African yam bean via robust innovative approaches for wider utilization through accelerated research, farmer seed exchanges, in-situ and ex-situ conservations, farmers selection, and policy programs such as seed sovereignty will accentuate its adaptation and used as resilient climate –smart species for the vulnerable groups in Nigeria to cushion impact of climate change.
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Green, Ewen. "No Longer the Farmers’ Friend? The Conservative Party and Agricultural Protection, 1880–1914." In Agriculture and Politics in England, 1815–1939, 149–77. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230514775_6.
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Chowhan, Rahul Singh, and Purva Dayya. "Sustainable Smart Farming for Masses Using Modern Ways of Internet of Things (IoT) Into Agriculture." In Smart Devices, Applications, and Protocols for the IoT, 189–219. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7811-6.ch009.
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Modern technologies are revolutionizing the way humans have lived. The world's population is expected to reach 9.6 billion by year 2050 and to serve this much population, the agricultural industries and layman farmers need to embrace IoT and e-agriculture or ICT in agriculture. Feeding the global population is the biggest problem of the world. The terminology has advanced from IIoT (Industrial Internet of Things), IoFT (Internet of Farm Things), IoSFT (Internet of Smart Farming Things), etc. The agriculture industries are open for ideas, advances, and technically trained workforce to help sustain ever increasing needs of food and allocate better choices of resources. Smart farming is less labor intensive and more capital intensive. Smart farming is furthering the Third Green Revolution around the globe by using various ICT technologies in agriculture.
Conference papers on the topic "Agriculture Agricultural industries Farmers"
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Lisienkova, T. S., and E. A. Isaev. "Analysis of business processes of agricultural enterprises for the implementation of IT innovations." In CURRENT STATE, PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRARIAN SCIENCE. Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea”, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33952/2542-0720-2020-5-9-10-135.
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This article touches upon digital transformation in agriculture. Firstly, classification of core business processes of agriculture is presented with examples of primary and support business processes at animal breeding farms. Later the article gives an overview of innovative information technologies used nowadays in agriculture worldwide. Finally, it is justified that for the successful digital transformation it is vital to evaluate current IT-maturity level of business processes in order to fix their “bottlenecks” before the implementation of innovative information technologies. While common models of IT-maturity, level does not take into account features of specific industries, it is necessary to develop a stand-alone model for agricultural companies.
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KONIECZNA, Jadwiga, and Dariusz KONIECZNY. "CAUSES OF SPATIAL TRANSFORMATIONS IN RURAL AREAS IN POLAND." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.127.
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Rural areas, defined as land outside towns, except industrial areas, account for over 93% of the area of Poland. They are attractive as a places of work, residence, leisure, as well as places where agricultural and non-agricultural business activities can be conducted. Agriculture is naturally associated with rural areas. Currently, apart from the agricultural function and (depending on the socioeconomic, natural or historical conditions) rural areas are also places of leisure, recreation, residence or industrial activities. This is a consequence of implementation of the concept of multi-functional development of rural areas, in which conditions are created for diverse business activities, while respecting environmental constraints. Such a multifunctional approach must take into account the interests of all parties to avoid spatial conflicts. Therefore, actions aimed at the development of rural areas should be based on an in-depth analysis of the value of the area under consideration, they should take into account natural conditions (soil, climate, terrain) of the land for conducting agricultural activities, but also take into account environmental, social and economic aspects. Objective and historical conditions affecting agriculture in Poland and the experience gained so far indicate that there is a need to change the spatial arrangement of agricultural areas. This is because of the characteristic features of agriculture in Poland, which include a disadvantageous structure of farms in terms of their area, small size of farms, insufficient technical infrastructure in villages and difficult soil conditions. Rural areas in Poland, including agriculture, are undergoing deep structural changes in regard to agricultural production, but also to farm size and layout, demographic and spatial structures as well as technical and social infrastructure. The changes taking place in rural areas in Poland are greatly affected by the Common Agricultural Policy in the European Union. As a member of the EU, Poland has been receiving aid since 2004 and has been implementing actions within Rural Development Programmes. The aim of this paper is to analyse the transformations that have been taking place in rural areas in Poland and to present selected factors and causes of the changes in rural spaces.
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Millers, Janis, and Irina Pilvere. "Possibilities of Biogas Production from Livestock Waste in Latvia." In 22nd International Scientific Conference. “Economic Science for Rural Development 2021”. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2021.55.043.
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With the adoption of the Green Deal in the European Union (EU), the role of biodiversity, basic principles of the circular economy, climate change mitigation, forest protection and renewable energy increased. Since 2007, biogas production in Latvia has increased significantly, as it was possible to receive co-funding from the EU Funds for the construction of biogas plants. In 2021, inputs of agricultural origin are used by 40 biogas plants with an average installed capacity of 1 MW. The emergence of biogas plants on livestock farms is facilitated by the development of a circular economy producing waste from the production process – manure and feed waste. Anaerobic fermentation results in digestate – a nutrient-rich plant fertilizer that reduces the application of chemical fertilizers. Rational use of biogas can reduce the need for fossil fuels. Energy production from biogas should be encouraged, as waste is used efficiently, thereby generating energy and reducing the release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. In Latvia, livestock production is one of the key industries of the national economy, which produces manure and feed waste. The present research calculated the amounts of cattle, pig and poultry manure and feed waste in Latvia. The research analysed livestock farms by number of cattle, pigs and poultry, the potential amounts of manure and waste produced and theoretical biogas output. Theoretically, 309 farms analysed can produce 93.5 mln. m3 of biogas from agricultural waste and construct 269 new biogas plants. A policy for supporting the construction of new biogas plants would contribute to the country’s independence from fossil energy sources, as well as increase the proportion of renewable energy sources to 50-70 % in final energy consumption by 2030. Farmers on whose farms a biogas plant could be built need to carefully consider the uses of the biogas produced. The uses could be thermal energy generation for heat supply, cogeneration (thermal and electrical energy) or biomethane production.
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Abramova, I. N., N. I. Bolishyeshapova, O. V. Ryabinina, and S. P. Burlov. "Evaluation of the sown area of spring wheat and potatoes in Irkutsk region." In Растениеводство и луговодство. Тимирязевская сельскохозяйственная академия, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/978-5-9675-1762-4-2020-58.
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In accordance with the plan for the development of agriculture of the Russian Federation for 2017-2025. The agro-industrial complex needs to achieve a stable growth in agricultural production, including by increasing the sown area for spring wheat and potatoes, using new domestic varieties of seeds and improving cultivation technologies. An important task facing agricultural producers is the import substitution of basic food products with domestic products and the use of Russian-bred seeds instead of foreign ones. Over the past 2019, the area under grain crops increased by 101.2% against the level of 2018, including under spring wheat crops by 34.1%. Due to the cultivation of potatoes on personal and peasant farms, the production area under potatoes decreased by 63.3% compared to 2018.
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Lonia, B., N. K. Nayar, S. B. Singh, and P. L. Bali. "Techno Economic Aspects of Power Generation From Agriwaste in India." In 17th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fbc2003-170.
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The agricultural operations in India are suffering from a serious problem of shortage of electrical power on one side and economic and effective disposal of agriwaste stuff on the other. India being agriculture based country, 70% of its main income (share in GDP) comes from agriculture sector. Any enhancement of income from this sector is based upon adequate supply of basic inputs in this sector. Regular and adequate power supply is one such input. But, the position of power supply in our country defies both these characteristics. With a major portion of power produced being sent to the industrial and urban consumers, there is a perennial shortage of power in the agriculture sector. Consequently, there is an emergent need to produce more power in order to fulfil the needs of this sector effectively. One way of accomplishing this is setting up captive, preferably rural based, small power generation plants. In these power plants, instead of water-head, diesel oil or coal, we can use agri-residue to produce electricity. One such power plant (1–2 MW capacity) can satisfy the power need of 25 to 40 nearby villages. The agriwaste like rice straw, sugarcane-trash, coir-pith, peanut shells, wheat stalks & straw, cottonseed, stalks and husk, soyabean stalks, maize stalks & cobs, sorghum. Bagasse, wallnut shells, sunflower seeds, shells, hulls and kernels and coconut husk, wastewood and saw dust can be fruitfully utilized in power generation. This stuff is otherwise a waste and liability and consumes a lot of effort on its disposal; in addition to being a fire and health hazard. Agriwaste stuff which at present is available in abundance and prospects of its utilization in producing energy are enormous. This material can be procured at reasonably low rates from the farmers who will thus be benefited economically, apart from being relieved of the responsibility of its disposal. Agri-residue has traditionally been a major source of heat energy in rural areas in India. It is a valuable fuel even in the sub-urban areas. Inspite of rapid increase in the supply of, access lo and use of fossil fuels, agri-residue is likely to continue to play an important role, in the foreseeable future. Therefore, developing and promoting techno-economically-viable technologies to utilize agri-residue efficiently should be a persuit of high priority. Though there is no authentic data available with regard to the exact quantity of agricultural and agro-industrial residues, its rough estimate has been put at about 350 mt per annum. It is also estimated that the total cattle refuse generated is nearly 250 mt per year. Further, nearly 20% of the total land is under forest cover, which produces approximately 50 mt of fuel wood and with associated forest waste of about 5 mt.(1). Taking into account the utilization of even a portion (say 30%) of this agri-residue & agro-industrial waste as well as energy plantation on one million hectare (mha) of wastelands for power generation through bioenergy technologies, a potential of some 18000 MW of power has been estimated. From the foregoing, it is clear that there is an enormous untapped potential for energy generation from agri-residue. What is required is an immediate and urgent intensification of dedicated efforts in this field, with a view to bringing down the unit energy cost and improving efficiency and reliability of agri-waste production, conversion and utilisation, leading to subsequent saving of fossil fuels for other pressing applications. The new initiatives in national energy policy are most urgently needed to accelerate the social and economic development of the rural areas. It demands a substantial increase in production and consumption of energy for productive purposes. Such initiatives are vital for promoting the goals of sustainability. cleaner production and reduction of long-term risks of environmental pollution and consequent adverse climatic changes in future. A much needed significant social, economic and industrial development has yet to take place in large parts of rural India; be it North, West, East or South. It can be well appreciated that a conscious management of agri-residue, which is otherwise a serious liability of the farmer, through its economic conversion into electric power can offer a reasonably viable solution to our developmental needs. This vision will have to be converted into a reality within a decade or so through dedicated and planned R&D work in this area. There is a shimmering promise that the whole process of harvesting, collection, transport and economic processing and utilisation of agri-waste can be made technically and economically more viable in future. Thus, the foregoing paras amply highlight the value of agri-residue as a prospective source of electric power, particularly for supplementing the main grid during the lean supply periods or peak load hours and also for serving the remote areas in the form of stand-alone units giving a boost to decentralised power supply. This approach and option seems to be positive in view of its potential contribution to our economic and social development. No doubt, this initiative needs to be backed and perused rigorously for removing regional imbalances as well as strengthening National economy. This paper reviews the current situation with regards to generation of agriwaste and its prospects of economic conversion into electrical power, technologies presently available for this purpose, and the problems faced in such efforts. It emphasizes the need for an integrated approach to devise ways and means for generating electrical power from agriwaste; keeping in mind the requirements of cleaner production and environmental protection so that the initiative leads to a total solution.
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Yang, Li. "An Empirical Research on Farmer Innovation in Agriculture Industrial Clusters." In 2013 International Conference on the Modern Development of Humanities and Social Science. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/mdhss-13.2013.111.
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Al-Darabseh A. M., A. M. "Transformation of the agricultural complex in the Russian Federation: current situation and development potentia." In Растениеводство и луговодство. Тимирязевская сельскохозяйственная академия, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/978-5-9675-1762-4-2020-3.
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The article discusses the current digital situation in the construction of agricultural industries in Russia. It lists a number of general laws passed by Parliament and sets the direction for the digital agricultural industry at the federal and state levels. The strength of GIS techniques is demonstrated by the calculation method based on agro-industrial parks. It is about the implementation of the order of the Russian government, which specifies the creation of excellent scientific and educational facilities in connection with the implementation of one of these projects in the Ulyanovsk region. It studies the experience of two start-up projects using GIS techniques, and the establishment of land conservation farms in the entire region of Ulyanovsk region. The changes to the existing land structure in the Ulyanovsk region were illustrated in the context of the introduction of environmental management projects in the basin. The main advantages of the method are its use in the calculation system in the field of agricultural processing.
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Tiamiyu, Saliu Akinlabi, Uduma Bernadette Ugalahi, Timothy Fabunmi, Rahman O. Sanusi, Enitan Oluwakemi Fapojuwo, and Adebayo Musediku Shittu. "ANALYSIS OF FARMERS‟ ADOPTION OF CLIMATE SMART AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES IN NORTHERN NIGERIA." In International Conference on Agriculture and Forestry. The International Institute of Knowledge Management (TIIKM), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.17501/icoaf.2017.3104.
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Xu, Changxin, Zhijun Jiang, and Chao Ma. "Research on Measuring Method of Farmers' Bearing Capacity to Agricultural Water Price." In 2010 International Conference on Information Management, Innovation Management and Industrial Engineering (ICIII). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iciii.2010.616.
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Gayatri, M. K., J. Jayasakthi, and G. S. Anandha Mala. "Providing Smart Agricultural solutions to farmers for better yielding using IoT." In 2015 IEEE Technological Innovation in ICT for Agriculture and Rural Development (TIAR). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tiar.2015.7358528.
Full textReports on the topic "Agriculture Agricultural industries Farmers"
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Johanna, Jacobi, Kiteme Boniface, and Ottiger Fabian. Highly Hazardous Pesticides (HHPs) in Agro-industrial and Smallholder Farming Systems in Kenya. Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), May 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46446/publication_r4d.2020.3.en.
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Farms in the global South show heavy use of pesticides such as herbicides, insecticides and fungicides. Some of these substances are banned in Switzerland and the European Union but are often produced and exported from there. Our messages draw on research findings from Kenya. They make the link to international conventions, highlight alternatives to pesticide-intensive agricultural practices, and call for phasing out “highly hazardous” substances in line with human rights and the precautionary principle.
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Matita, Mirriam, Matita, Mirriam, Ephraim Wadonda Chirwa, Stevier Kaiyatsa, Jacob Mazalale, Masautso Chimombo, Loveness Msofi Mgalamadzi, and Blessings Chinsinga. Determinants of Smallholder Farmers’ Livelihood Trajectories: Evidence from Rural Malawi. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2021.003.
Full textAbstract:
The authors of this paper attempt use quantitative methods to determine the different factors of livelihood trajectories in the context of agricultural commercialisation. To do this, they draw on primary evidence from household surveys conducted over a span of ten years in Mchinji and Ntchisi districts, in rural Malawi. The authors hypothesise that households that are more commercialised are more likely to expand their investments in agriculture and/or take up livelihoods outside of agriculture. Crucially, they find that factors driving livelihood trajectories are not the same for farmers in different pathways, and highlight the need for policymakers to study findings emphasise the need to adopt context-dependent development approaches, in order to provide sustainable relief from poverty for farming households.
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Loukos, Panos, and Leslie Arathoon. Landscaping the Agritech Ecosystem for Smallholder Farmers in Latin America and the Caribbean. Edited by Alejandro Escobar and Sergio Navajas. Inter-American Development Bank, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003027.
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Agriculture is an important source of employment in Latin America and the Caribbean. In rural areas, some 54.6 per cent of the labour force is engaged in agricultural production. Although much of the region shares the same language and cultural heritage, the structure and scale of the agriculture sector varies significantly from country to country. Based on the review of 131 digital agriculture tools, this report, prepared by GSMA and IDB Lab, provides a market mapping and landscape analysis of the most prominent cases of digital disruption. It highlights some of the major trends observed in five digital agriculture use cases, identifies opportunities for digital interventions and concludes with recommendations for future engagement that could deliver long-term, sustainable economic and social benefits for smallholder farmers.
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Stewart-Wilson, Graeme, and Ronald Waiswa. Taxing Agricultural Income in the Global South: Revisiting Uganda’s National Debate. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2021.008.
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The issue of agricultural taxation has almost completely disappeared from the scholarly and policy agendas in recent decades. And yet, agriculture is taxed very lightly despite contributing substantially to GDP across many Global South countries today. In some cases, light-touch taxation may be necessary to encourage investment in the sector and to protect small and subsistence farmers. However, anecdotal evidence from countries like Uganda suggests that there are a substantial number of high-income earners engaged in agricultural activities that are sheltered almost completely from any form of taxation. More effectively taxing these high-income earners could provide much-needed resources to finance public service provision in lower-income countries. The time is ripe, this paper argues, to revitalise discussions about how best to tax the agriculture sector.
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Solovyanenko, Nina I. ЮРИДИЧЕСКИЕ СТРАТЕГИИ ЦИФРОВОЙ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИИ АГРАРНОГО БИЗНЕСА. DOI CODE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/0131-5226-2021-70004.
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t.The development of global agricultural production and food trade in recent decades implies a digital transformation and the transition to a new technological order, which is an essential factor for sustainable development. Digitalization of agriculture and the food sector is carried out on the basis of IT 2 platforms, the Internet of Things, cloud computing, big data, artificial intelligence, and blockchain technology. Fragmented and unclear legal mechanisms, slow updating of legal regulation hinder the introduction of digital solutions. A modern regulatory framework based on digital strategies should strengthen the confidence of farmers in "smart agriculture". In Russia, the legal mechanism of strategic planning covers the development of the national platform "Digital Agriculture". Digital strategies also include updating basic legislation.
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Elias, Emile, Caiti Steele, Kris Havstad, Kerri Steenwerth, Jeanne Chambers, Helena Deswood, Amber Kerr, et al. Southwest Regional Climate Hub and California Subsidiary Hub Assessment of Climate Change Vulnerability and Adaptation and Mitigation Strategies. United States. Department of Agriculture, August 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2015.6879806.ch.
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In 2015, the Southwest and California Climate Hubs published a report describing the potential vulnerability of crops, forests and animal agriculture to climate-driven environmental changes. The exposure of specific sectors of the agricultural and forestry industries varies across the region because the Southwest is climatically and topographically diverse. There is also variability in the sensitivity of different systems to the effects of climate change. Most significantly, there is potential within agricultural and forestry systems to adjust to climate-related effects either through inherent resilience or through conservative management practices. The purpose of this report is to describe regional vulnerabilities to climate change and adaptive actions that can be employed to maintain the productivity of working lands in the coming decades.
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Elias, Emile, Caiti Steele, Kris Havstad, Kerri Steenwerth, Jeanne Chambers, Helena Deswood, Amber Kerr, et al. Assessment of Climate Change Vulnerability and Adaptation and Mitigation Strategies in the Southwest and California. USDA Southwest Climate Hub, October 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2017.6965582.ch.
Full textAbstract:
This report describes the potential vulnerability of specialty crops, field crops, forests, and animal agriculture to climate-driven environmental changes. Here, vulnerability is defined as a function of exposure to climate change effects, sensitivity to these effects, and adaptive capacity. The exposure of specific sectors of the agricultural and forestry industries varies across the region because the Southwest is climatically and topographically diverse. There is also variability in the sensitivity of different systems to the effects of climate change. Most significantly, there is potential within agricultural and forestry systems to adjust to climate-related effects either through inherent resilience or through conservative management practices. The purpose of this analysis is to describe regional vulnerabilities to climate change and adaptive actions that can be employed to maintain productivity of working lands in the coming decades.
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Latané, Annah, Jean-Michel Voisard, and Alice Olive Brower. Senegal Farmer Networks Respond to COVID-19. RTI Press, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2021.rr.0045.2106.
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This study leveraged existing data infrastructure and relationships from the Feed the Future Senegal Naatal Mbay (“flourishing agriculture”) project, funded by the US Agency for International Development (USAID) and implemented by RTI International from 2015 to 2019. The research informed and empowered farmer organizations to track and respond to rural households in 2020 as they faced the COVID-19 pandemic. Farmer organizations, with support from RTI and local ICT firm STATINFO, administered a survey to a sample of 800 agricultural households that are members of four former Naatal Mbay–supported farmer organizations in two rounds in August and October 2020. Focus group discussions were conducted with network leadership pre- and post–data collection to contextualize the experience of the COVID-19 shock and to validate findings. The results showed that farmers were already reacting to the effects of low rainfall during the 2019 growing season and that COVID-19 compounded the shock through disrupted communications and interregional travel bans, creating food shortages and pressure to divert seed stocks for food. Food insecurity effects, measured through the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale and cereals stocks, were found to be greater for households in the Casamance region than in the Kaolack and Kaffrine regions. The findings also indicate that farmer networks deployed a coordinated response comprising food aid and access to personal protective equipment, distribution of short-cycle legumes and grains (e.g., cowpea, maize) and vegetable seeds, protection measures for cereals seeds, and financial innovations with banks. However, food stocks were expected to recover as harvesting began in October 2020, and the networks were planning to accelerate seed multiplication, diversify crops beyond cereals, improve communication across the network. and mainstream access to financial instruments in the 2021 growing season. The research indicated that the previous USAID-funded project had likely contributed to the networks’ COVID-19 resilience capacities by building social capital and fostering the new use of tools and technologies over the years it operated.