Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Aide de l'État au logement'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Aide de l'État au logement.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Casgrain, Antoine. "Habitation, marché et société : les politiques de logement social au Chili." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25875/25875.pdf.
Full textBallester, Amaury. "La vente en l'état futur d'inachèvement." Thesis, Nantes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NANT3014.
Full textThe incompletion has been considered for a long time as abnormal in the housing construction process. While it is true that the mechanisms leading to a constrained incompletion are known, there are times when the incompletion is wished for. The real-estate developers start working with clients that are looking for more customization and/or financial gain when carrying out building works. The purpose of the first part of this thesis is to study the development of these sometimes bold practices. The contract option “sale in future state of completion with assigned building works” resulting from law n°2018-1021 of 23 November 2018, the so-called ELAN law on the evolution of housing, real-estate development and digitalization, is intended to address the lack of a dedicated legal framework. Once an overview has been obtained, one thing is clear: this framework gives rise to new legal difficulties, which could result in a substantial loss of interest in such an option. The second part of this thesis focuses on promoting the existence of a new system. The contract proposal consisting in establishing a special contract of “sale in future state of incompletion” derives its legitimacy from a greater legal certainty, at least regarding some issues. The system of assigned building works is then undermined and the advantages of the contractual compliance highlighted. This study aims at providing answers to legal issues related to a request for a greater customization of new housing while preserving the effectiveness and the contractual balance
Quilichini, Paule. "Logement social et décentralisation." Orléans, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ORLE0004.
Full textThis dissertation deals with the issue of the impact of decentralisation on the distribution of competences and on the relations between public collectivities as far as social housing is concerned in choosing to put forward the passage from a housing- to a dwelling- policy, the author points to a transformation in public action itself. This evolution is first expressed through a growing participation of local collectivities in the national housing policy : a compulsory participation when policy-makers impose on decentralised authorities a direct intervention into the enactment of this state-policy; a voluntary participation when local (municipal departmental and regional) elected representatives intervene through their respective competences concerning town-planning, social policies, urban policies. . . This sharing of responsibilities between public collectivities is part and parcel of the wide move towards the territorialization of public policies which doubly affects housing policies. First it encourages the development of the institutional and conventional partnership between all the actors concerned. It also affects the working of the housing public service through the widening of the assignments and relations of + h. L. M. ; (council housing) organizations. Thus the housing policy has experienced, in just a few years, a major conceptual evolution which has led it to integrate notions about dwelling, responsibility and partnership. It now has to find the most relevant partnership tool and territorial level to take into account the globality fo the changes linked to the emerging of local dwelling policies within a decentralised institutional framework
Madani, Ouahab. "Aide à l'élaboration des programmes locaux de l'habitat (cas d'Hénin-Beaumont)." Lille 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LIL10032.
Full textNjoya, Oumarou. "Le financement externe du budget de l'État africain : l'exemple du Cameroun." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2008. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/restreint/theses_doctorat/2008/NJOYA_Oumarou_2008.pdf.
Full textThe external sources of financing have become a need and a rule to feed the budgets of the African countries since their independence. This need has even increased in the last years due to the constant augmentation in the public expenses, the decrease in the states’ income, and the weak savings of most African countries. The crisis of indebtedness, on the background of an economy which is still based on raw products rent, has weakened the already fragile State’ finance. The constant State’s finance crisis inhibits the access to the external and private financing (bond, exchange markets, etc. ). The main source of financing continues to be the public one, and it is still the one preferred by different providers that basically aim the aid for specific projects. The implementation of this type of aid is very complex for the international providers, and the African countries themselves don’t apply a due diligence in their managing. That is why these countries have been forced to change the mechanisms and the way they manage their external financing. A new type of aid is now being considered, and hopefully that will allow much better yields in the financial field
Algarra, Mireya. "La protection sociale de la santé à l'état vénézuélien : Le cas de la ville de Maracaibo." Caen, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CAEN1591.
Full textThis work proposes scan configuration, and coverage of social protection in health in Venezuela and its compatibility with the social representation exists on this aspect. The method used is based on analysis of its characteristics by contrasting it with the results of the field work was this title on a performs Internet population of Maracaibo, city which constitutes illustrative case from the present study. From hypothesis enunciated is established between the representation of social protection in health seen through opportunities for medical attention and effective coverage. Results show an incompatibility between these aspects because nearly 59% of the population is not provided by the State of health and 80% is measured against a standard d "help. However, two thirds of the respondents think the Mision Barrio inside is not bad and even when it was found that 51% of the surveyed pet not fallen this Mision centers where they have been needed and only 36% are going. More 100% pet interviewee visited popular firms do not found their health, which demonstrates that this policy does not protect the vénézuéliens in the health field
Abdeljalil, Ouadia. "Contribution à une théorie matérialiste de l'état en pays sous-développés : le cas de la formation sociale marocaine." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985CLF1D028.
Full textHavard, Duclos Bénédicte. "Entre philanthropie et syndicalisme : militants et mal-logés de l'association "Droit au logement" (DAL)." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002VERS017S.
Full textI explore social relations between activists and people they help. An historical study, back to the 19th century pattern, explains first the two forms of these relations: philanthropy and trade-unionism. Then I report the results of a fieldwork survey in committees of Parisian suburbs on an activist movement focusing on the issue of housing (DAL) and show how the different models of relation with suffering others are tensed. I present the groups meeting in the association: people with poor housing and the activists who don't act only because of moral indignation. Activists, the dominant group impose their own frame to poor housing people who are supposed to mobilize on an offensive and collective basis, as well as trade-unionists in France do. This injunction is a paradoxe because most of them don't belong to the group of poor housing. However they manage to pull activists toward their own project (to be helped and re-housed) and to win political sense, self confidence and emancipation
Maalouf, Maguy Lahlou Mohamed. "Socialisation et espace pluridimensionnel d'interactions habitat et cadre de vie des enfants du Liban /." Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2003. http://demeter.univ-lyon2.fr:8080/sdx/theses/lyon2/2003/maalouf_m.
Full textViau, Stéphan. "Les subventions de l'État aux associations, un levier de contrôle de l'action associative?" Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/20573.
Full textThiery, Nathalie. "L' identité parentale en situation de précarité : le point de vue de femmes accueillies en Centre d’Hébergement et de Réinsertion Sociale." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100047.
Full textThis research deals with the parenthood of women in unstable situation, housed in Centre d’Hébergement et de Réinsertion Sociale (CHRS), from their point of view. The aim is to understand which is the dynamic of the parental identity of these women, during the transition towards the autonomy that happens during the stay at CHRS. It is also a matter of understanding which bond exists between the parental identity and the process of integration, in terms of socialization and self representations. Through the analysis of the women's speech about their experience, this work distinguished the dimensions that have an influence on parental identity, in one particular moment of their personal trajectory. The results indicate that the dynamics of integration impelled by the stay at CHRS is a data constantly present during this transition and that it influences the parental identity, in multiple ways. But the fact of being a parent and the presence of the child are also an motive of integration
Teyssier, Ronan. "LE FINANCEMENT PUBLIC DE L'ÉDUCATION PRIVÉE DANS QUATRE PROVINCES CANADIENNES." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26665/26665.pdf.
Full textThe provincial funding of private education has long been a salient and resilient issue in several Canadian provinces. Most prior studies on the topic display a normative argumentation in which the legitimacy of such funding is questioned. Yet, surprisingly little is known about the empirical features of the allocative funding mechanism. This dissertation fills the research gap by describing and explaining the variation in the amount of public money that is directed towards private school authorities in Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, and Quebec. I use previous researches conducted in sociology of organizations, sociology of religion, political economy, and political science, so as to present formal hypotheses. I expect the amount of public funding received by a private school authority to be a function of its religious identification, its organizational features, its financial needs, and its electoral environment. I assembled a dataset in order to empirically assess the theoretical model built from the literature review. I use data on 495 private school authorities and their environment across Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, and Quebec. Robust estimation of multiple regression models as well as quantile regression analysis are used. I find that the religious identification of private school authorities and their financial needs are the two best predictors of the amount of public funding directed towards private education. Catholic and Protestant school authorities are somewhat financially favored, though this is only true of authorities located below the median level of provincial funding. Overall, the amount of provincial funding responds to the needs of private school authorities.
Henriel, Théo. "Réalisation d'un outil d'aide à la décision à destination d'un facilitateur de la rénovation énergétique de logement." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30214.
Full textThe renovation of housing buildings is today a major focus of the fight to reduce the energy consumption and, more generally, global warming. However, if the situation seems technically simple, there are still many obstacles (economic, social, cultural) that slow down the renovation of the existing park. These brakes require to look at the renovation in a global perspective, with the work of a facilitator, able to establish a relationship of trust with the inhabitants. This global approach is even more important when it comes to renovating condominiums. Indeed, in these buildings, decision making is complicated by the number of actors and their specific organization. To allow condominiums to vote for renovation works, a long and expensive accompaniment work is necessary. To make this work of accompaniment as effective as possible, we have designed a decision tool, usable by the facilitator, which allows him to carry out a multidisciplinary diagnosis of the co-ownership and to recommend solutions of accompaniments ajusted. In particular, we defined a list of influential criteria for the decision of a condominium to undertake renovations, and we compiled them into an evaluation tool. The co-ownership is studied according to all its characteristics (quality of use, technical possibilities, economic potential, sociological profile of the owners, quality of the neighborhood, collective dynamics) and specific prescriptions are made according to the evaluation of each criterion. .We also tested our overall approach in a co-ownership in Toulouse, and in Parisian condominiums. Although the first results are encouraging, there are still many opportunities for improvement to massively use this tool and make the diagnosis even more precise
Tarchichi, Riyad. "Les statuts spéciaux des baux d'habitation : l'état de la crise et les prospectives des solutions : étude comparée entre droit français et libanais." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON10037/document.
Full textThe law is the product of human society. It's found when this society is at the top of its success and its tracks are more blatant when this one is affected by various crisis. The Act has to adapt to these various states.This idea is summarized among others by Mr. BURDEAU : “The disintegration of the concept of law is not explainable by the only data of the legal universe; it's a reflection of a sociological phenomenon”. Then we understand that sometimes, social crises lead to an infringement of the law, to its transcendent authority. Some authors explain that this impairment brings loss of the essential characters of this law which are the generality, the impersonality and the universality. This loss is for the benefit of the principle of stability of the society. The special status of residential leases are an example of the impairment of the main characters of the Act.After the 2nd World War in France and the civil war in Lebanon, French and Lebanese legislators found themselves repairing the social and humanitarian crises from the war. Many social laws have been enacted, particularly in residential leases. New legal statutes have emerged. The legislator had to consider the interests of the tenant, without forgetting that of the lessor. He had to ensure the general interest by respect for personal freedom and the protection of private property considered as fundamental principles in the constitution of the two countries and the human rights conventions.Our study will be based on these special laws (act of September 1, 1948 in France and July 23, 1992 in Lebanon), on their characteristics, operation and plans. We will examine their social, economic and legal impact to see if they appear as a solution to the social crisis, without leading to a legislative crisis
Rojas, Lasch Carolina. "Reconfiguration de l'État social dans le Chili néolibéral : éthnographie des politiques d'assistance." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0109.
Full textStarting from the 2000s Chile experienced a political and moral repositioning of "the social," revealing a new collective sensibility. Locally, this process has been conceived as a way to overcome the neoliberal wave of the 1980s and 1990s and the building of a new welfare State. Under the rhetoric of social welfare, since then, the notion of vulnerability finds a place as the hegemonic understanding and the context of legitimate action of inequality. In this context, the state grows, developing new institutional processes and bureaucracy mechanisms of high complexity to take care of the vulnerable. Using a social-historical analysis of the development and consolidation of the politics of vulnerability and an ethnography study of the relationship between implementers and beneficiaries, this dissertation describes the process and configuration approach of a model of Social Neoliberal State in Chile. A particular focus in this investigation is on the idea of "aid" as the experience that organizes everyday dynamics of the policy in practice, which defines the link between government and individual that acts as a mode of government of the social
Demilly, Estelle. "Autisme et architecture : Relations entre les formes architecturales et l'état clinique des patients." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO20060/document.
Full textThe relationship between architectural space and quality of life is studied here through a transdisciplinary research (involving architects and psychologists) centered on the links between the spatial characteristics and clinical state of people with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Investigations on these aspects are scarce and scattered, and few are scientifically conducted. The present thesis aims to reveal spatial features to promote the well -being of these people. The methodology consist in collecting architectural and clinical data in 20 institutions hosting adults with ASD. The architecture of these 20 institutions was characterized and behaviors of 148 residents from clinical questionnaires were evaluated. This work led to the creation of a database of architectural variables (explanatory) and clinical variables (to be explained and control). Statistical analysis of this database allowed to back up assumptions on the impacts of certain parameters of the built environment on the clinical condition of individuals with ASD. Beyond knowledge related to autism, the object is to situate our problematic in a broader questioning on the relationship between architecture and well- being of the individual. Architects design living spaces by projecting themselves as occupants, and use their own representation of the "quality of life" as a reference. This can lead to some discrepancies between the designed space, and space as experienced by users unknown to the designer
Morin-Rivet, Laurence. "Le découplage des aides aux revenus : un concept économique imprécis." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/20100.
Full textVergriete, Patrice. "La ville fiscalisée : politiques d’aide à l’investissement locatif, nouvelle filière de production du logement et recomposition de l’action publique locale en France (1985-2012)." Thesis, Paris Est, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PEST1061/document.
Full textHousing production in France is at the heart of several academic debates concerning State intervention, private production models and local governance. In each of them, some authors have expressed the idea that western countries have been affected by a neoliberalization process since the 1970s. But our study of the fiscal aid to rental investment, which is one of the tools of national housing policy, shows the limits of this interpretation, especially in the 2000s. Based on a methodology combining qualitative and quantitative analysis, our research however shows that a new political economy of housing production is emerging. Along with decentralization, there are now two public authorities involved in regulating the market: the State by law and the local governments by negotiation with private parties. And this duality creates contradictions between national issues (especially macroeconomic) and local priorities. In this context, the property development sector has witnessed major changes: if State incentives have induced the emergence of new participants and of a specific model of production, the new public regulation implies a change in strategies. Urban production is concerned by these changes. Not only because State regulation has an impact on supply but also because the unequal ability of local governments to negotiate with developers make small and medium-sized cities more exposed to a gap between real housing production and public expectations
Willan, Pierre. "La politique fédérale de logement au Canada de la Seconde Guerre mondiale au tournant du siècle: Reflet de l'évolution du rôle de l'État dans la solidarité sociale." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27933.
Full textBouaziz, Mohammed Farouk. "Contribution à la modélisation Bayésienne de l'état de santé d'un système complexe : application à l'industrie du semi-conducteur." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00993732.
Full textPapanikolaou, Chryssi. "Le principe de l'État social : étude sur les limites de l'activité législative en droit comparé français et hellénique." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01D029.
Full textFrench Constitution guarantees the “Social Republic,” the Greek constitution recognizes the « Social Rule of law ». If the principle of the Social State is to this day apprehended by the authors of both states as an undetermined principle of “low content of normativity,” this study’s focus offers a different perspective on the matter. If we study this principle in the context of normativism, we will be forced to view all norms as obligatory, and we will no longer contest its normative value but focus on determining its meaning. Only in this way we will be in the position of knowing what material level of life the constituents of the two states reserved for the individual, when they qualified the states as social. The study assumes that a state is social when it possesses the foundations that habilitate, oblige and prohibit the legislator from specific actions. The constitutive norms of the social state impose limits at the legal production. Seen at a positive perspective, the fundamental norms of the social state allows the legislator to improve the material conditions of life of the individuals without any constraints. The legislator concretizes the principle of the social state in a positive sense while being free from positive obligations. The only obstacle to the creation of new benefits is the impossibility to control legal inactivity; it constitutes an intrinsic limit to the principle of the social state. Seen from a negative perspective, the constitutive norms of the social state allow the legislator to limit the access to benefits but prohibit the neutralization of the principle. The actions of negative concretization that would lead to the annulation of the social state are prohibited. It follows that a minimum of social legislation should be maintained as long as the Constitution qualifies the state as social. At this angle, the normative foundations of the social state protect the essential core of the principle or, in other words, its counter- limits
Saint-Louis, Virginie. "Les organisations non gouvernementales et l'État : leurs relations dans le cadre de la politique canadienne de développement international." Paris 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA010289.
Full textVergriete, Patrice. "La ville fiscalisée : politiques d'aide à l'investissement locatif, nouvelle filière de production du logement et recomposition de l'action publique locale en France (1985-2012)." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00995364.
Full textGhanbari, Atiyeh. "Les politiques publiques d'aide financière à la production des films de long métrage au Québec : analyse d'un débat public." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26523/26523.pdf.
Full textMichaud, Amélie. "Le partenariat État-tiers secteur : une étude de cas en développement des communautés." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27196.
Full textTohon, Bignon Aurelas. "Sécurité alimentaire dans les pays en développement et émergents : une analyse des effets des politiques." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/70372.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to explore the impact of trade and agricultural support policies on food security. It focuses on developing and emerging countries, taking into account the importance of the agricultural sector in these countries. Trade and agricultural support policies in these countries tend to be quite varied and this variety could translate into food security outcomes. We are interested in whether and to what extent the temporal variability of the above policies would affect food availability or food import dependence. To do so, we use theoretical and empirical literature and test models of empirical analysis. In Chapter 1, we review the concept of food security and its measurement tools. While several definitions of food security are proposed, the idea in this chapter is to identify simple instruments on which national and international policy action could focus for setting food security objectives in developing countries. Our analysis suggests a plurality of instruments, evolving according to the angles or dimensions of analysis of food security. Among them, we distinguish between measures of food availability and measures of dependence on food imports, which we use as measures or indicators of food security in this work. In Chapter 2, we reviewed the literature on the relationship between trade policies and the dimensions of food security on the one hand, and between agricultural support measures and the dimensions and/or indicators of food security on the other. While in the first case we concluded that agricultural production is important in the analysis of such a relationship, in the second case we found that, given the variety of agricultural support measures, the complexity of calculating a single agricultural support indicator and the classification of measures with regard to the distortions they could create, their effect on food security would vary. These different developments have made it possible to propose different channels through which these two types of policies would affect food security. In Chapter 3, we empirically tested the impact of trade openness on food availability using a multi-stage modeling approach. Our results show that trade openness and production have a positive effect on food availability. However, the effect of the interaction between these two variables is not significant. While our results also confirm the importance of agricultural inputs, output levels in other sectors of the economy, and producer price volatility in agricultural production outcomes, they also reveal, in addition to traditional factors, the role of economic freedoms in trade openness decisions. Finally, in Chapter 4, we empirically tested the impact of agricultural support measures on food import dependence in developing and emerging countries using a continuous treatment model and the estimation of a dose-response function with endogeneity. Our results suggest variable effects depending on the intensity of agricultural support. Our results also confirm the role of consumer spending, population size and agricultural production levels in food imports to these countries.
Agbodjan, Prince Hervé. "Le droit de l'OMC et l'agriculture : analyse critique et prospective du système de régulation des subventions agricoles." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28442/28442.pdf.
Full textRochefort, Mathieu. "Analyse du lien entre les pratiques de financement et certains résultats des entreprises laitières québécoises." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25515.
Full textThe analysis of funding practices initiates in a context where these practices that run the agricultural sector are questioned and where financial situation of dairy farms does not seem in good shape. First of all, good practices that are based on the financial theory have been identified. Also, real practices have been explored from an evaluation of some real cases consisting in indebted dairy farms in operation for many years. Results demonstrate that, for the sample of farms subjected to special conditions, some cases present practices that are not strict enough. Furthermore, behavior study and risk evaluation of the farmers in regards to the bank credit bring to conclude that the situation is not going to improve easily if there is no future change. So, it is demonstrated that funding practices can be a factor that explains why some results of the indebted dairy farms are not attractive.
Weill, Pierre-Edouard. "Sans toit ni loi ? : le droit au logement opposable : recours à la justice administrative et rationalisation de l'action publique." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00923854.
Full textBeauchemin, Mario. "La centralité de l'État-Providence dans le mode de vie des étudiants-es universitaires au Québec : 1950-1985 : contribution à l'étude de la stratification sociale." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28402.
Full textLees, Johanna. "Ethnographier la précarité énergétique : au-delà de l’action publique, des mises à l’épreuve de l’habiter." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0159.
Full textEnergy poverty is at the confluence of housing, welfare and the environment; it is a question of public interest that has been on the political agenda in France for several years. If, at the outset of this research, the term 'energy poverty' had already permeated public policies, applied research and associations, very little was known about the concrete day to day situations this term refers to. Thus, the aim of this thesis has been to redefine the notion of energy poverty through the experience of the people affected by it and, thence, to analyse the mechanisms of state intervention in this field. The thesis is divided into three sections. The first studies the question's emergence into the public spheres in France and the United Kingdom, in today's context; it is based upon the study of documents and interviews with local actors. The second section proposes an ethnographic survey and aims to understand, from the families' point of view, what 'inhabiting' means in an energy poverty situation and, beyond this, the significance of 'being inhabited' by energy poverty. Finally a third section, also based on ethnographic study, deals with the relationships between the interviewees, utility companies, co-owner associations and landlords. It also deals with their relations with the State as beneficiaries of various public programmes destined to combat energy poverty. This section thus aims to establish an anthropology of the relations that those in extreme poverty develop with the State, relations that are described and analysed 'bottom up'
Corriveau, Christopher. "Une analyse coût-bénéfice de la cimenterie de Port-Daniel-Gascon." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/34037.
Full textBérubé-Mimeault, Nathaniel. "Analyse de réformes au programme de solidarité sociale du Québec." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26268.
Full textBernatchez, Jean. "Référentiels et dynamiques des politiques publiques de l'organisation de la recherche universitaire au Québec." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26059/26059.pdf.
Full textChartrand, Breton Marie-Pier. "Coexistence des référentiels étatique et inuit dans l'aménagement nordique : une double-ordonnance en constant renouvellement." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27512.
Full textSince the beginning of the settlement of Inuit communities in Quebec in mid-20th century, many diverse stakeholders have intervened in planning and housing. Over time, the coexistence of governmental and inuit references frameworks have generated spatial and organizational particularities. This master thesis, organized into three key periods, presents the dialogue between these two frames of reference, which shows the shifting relationship between the state and Inuit. The division of responsibilities in terms of planning for these three distinct periods leads to a reflection on the integration of inuit culture in more recent territorial developments. Urban planning, morphogenesis and civic practices explored in the municipality of Kuujjuaq are used to grasp this dialogue between the institution and local practices. The evolution of the gap between frames of reference in the form of compromise due to the incomplete current local undertakings is recognized.
Burafuta, Jean-Paul. "Les élites nationales face à la croissance démographique en rapport avec le développement socio-économique : cas du Burundi." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/55409.
Full textAranda, Rodriguez Mauricio. "Une assistance à deux vitesses : socio-histoire de l’hébergement social des sans-abri depuis les années 1950." Thesis, Paris 10, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA100119.
Full textThis thesis analyzes the forms that social housing for the homeless has taken in France since the 1950’s. It argues that the interdependencies between the State and charitable organizations have shaped how the public problem of individuals described as "vagabonds", "socially maladjusted", "tramps" or "homeless" has been regulated. In changing economic and social contexts, from the "Trente Glorieuses" to the "Trente Piteuses", these relations are at the origin of an extension of assistance to such groups. The research shows a process of dualization of social housing. Indeed, two categories of public intervention emerge gradually within it: "reintegration" and "urgency". Therefore, it is precisely the institutionalization of this dual form of treatment that constitutes the thread of the subject. From this perspective, this history is also that of the legitimization by the State of various charitable initiatives that contribute to the emergence of new assistive devices. Nourished mainly by archival work, as well as, though to a lesser extent, interviews, observations and other documentary research, this thesis provides a more general reflection on the shifting borders between public and private, "good" and "bad" poor, as well as the recent transformations of the welfare State
Esta tesis analiza las formas tomadas por las políticas de albergue social dirigidas a las personas sin techo en Francia desde los años 1950. Se muestra que son las interdependencias entre el Estado y las organizaciones benéficas quienes dan forma a los modos de regulación del problema público de los individuos calificados de “vagabundos”, “inadaptados sociales”, “locos de la calle” o “sin hogar”. Inscritas en contextos económicos y sociales en evolución, estas relaciones producen una extensión de la ayuda social hacia estas personas. La investigación da cuenta sin embargo de una dualidad del albergue social. Dos categorías de intervención pública se dibujan progresivamente en su seno: la “reinserción” y la “emergencia”. La institucionalización de esta dualidad es justamente el hilo conductor de la tesis. En ese sentido, la historia aquí contada es también la de la legitimación por el Estado de iniciativas privadas de caridad que contribuyen de esa manera a la constitución de nuevos dispositivos de asistencia. Alimentada principalmente por un trabajo de archivos, así como de entrevistas, observaciones y otras revisiones de documentos, esta tesis da a pensar de manera general sobre los desplazamientos de las fronteras entre lo público y lo privado, los “buenos” y los “malos” pobres, y también sobre las transformaciones recientes del Estado de bienestar
Rosemond, Darline. "Décentralisation et développement local : le cas de la gestion publique de l'eau potable en Haïti." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26227.
Full textIn Haiti does the decentralization encourage the local development? Studies of the Haitian context explain the stake and difficulties of a perfect decentralize control of public act and development program especially in the drinking water section. In this situation the local management is not able to put together the local actors of the population. Keywords: Decentralization, local development, governance of drinking water.
Anciaux, Arnaud. "Réinventer l'économie du journalisme : Ouest-France et Québecor : deux essais de transformation d'une pratique discursive et des modèles d'affaires des industries médiatiques à l'ère du numérique." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25257.
Full textThesis abstract : The rise of journalism at an industrial scale from the XIXth century was mainly based upon the economic alliance between several interests and investments sources, and which are now challenged in the digital economy context. This research aims at contributing to a better understanding of the contemporary transformations of this practice of discursive production, together with changes taking place within media organizations as well as strategies and discourses at stake. In both France and Quebec, this research focus on two media groups, Ouest-France and Québecor, notably involved in newspapers, and confronted with digital issues since the mid-1990s. Both business models and stakeholders interests are changing, while journalism does not manage to ensure economic independence. Its subordination position is somewhat reinforced through models and apparatuses gradually rolled out. This ongoing transformation is built through both organizational changes and discourse. This doctoral research was based on cross-empirical approaches, using document analysis within and around the two groups, as well as discourse analysis. The latter was based in particular on interviews with executives, managers and information workers. This research design and the junction of these approaches reveal that the transformation of journalism and its economy appears not as mere goal to com, but as a process already at work. By leaving some records and traces, covered by this doctoral work, this transformation builds as well upon investments and discourses. Keywords : Journalism, Internet, Web, Digital media, Newspaper publishing, Press -- Economic aspects, Business Models, Discourse analysis.
Paule, Clément. "Haïti, un État en catastrophe : la gestion transnationale du séisme du 12 janvier 2010." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01D032.
Full textThis doctoral dissertation is dedicated to the transnational management of the 2010 Haitian earthquake. Since the beginning of the 2000s, Haiti has often been categorized as a complex emergency. The 12 January 2010 earthquake triggered again a massive deployment of external humanitarian operators and streamlined assistance in the island. This particular example of crisis management illustrates the contradictory effects of humanitarian assistance and underlines the ambivalent role of a disaster-affected State. Whereas donors may consider the Haitian State failed or fragile, it remains de jure the main responsible entity under the principle of national sovereignty. Yet, since the political transition following the fall of the Duvalier regime in 1986, the Haitian State has been continuously weakened, leaving the country in the hands of a complex network of multiple actors in charge. As such, the earthquake, and the unprecedented international mobilisation it triggered, also destabilized this particular configuration of power. From a socio-historical perspective, this doctoral research explores the interaction between disaster management mechanisms, the specific trajectory of the Haitian statebuilding process, and the contemporary modes of government of a dependent and weakened political space. Furthermore, the reconstruction process will be analyzed throughout those reconfigurations
Racine, Michel. "Perspective culturelle sur le multimédia québécois : ethnographie de l'organisation sectorielle en région." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23454/23454.pdf.
Full textThis thesis, undertaken in organizational culture studies, uses an interpretative approach to describe the cultural currents that circulate in a milieu where the multimedia field is evolving in a region of the province of Quebec (Canada). This milieu is made up of SMEs, mostly located in a territory eligible for a provincial designated-site tax credit program. In addition, government bodies and intermediary economic groups support SME development. Representatives of all these organizations constitute the research field, some of them being considered as cultural current bearers and producers. By defining culture as an interpretable meaning system and by conceiving of it as traffic flowing into currents within an organized framework, the treatment of cultural phenomenon is not submitted to simple causality. This conception of culture is enriched by the contributions of disciplines such as intercultural psychology, sociology of networks, and prospective philosophy (more specifically work on collective intelligence). The methodology used is based on interpretive ethnography and is aimed at producing a thick description of negotiated meaning among interacting subjects. A longitudinal inquiry using the participant observation method within a sectoral association and a regional issue table, both dedicated to the regional development of multimedia, has enabled the researcher to identify a number of cultural currents: the government funder, service providers, and a group of entrepreneurs. The resulting data gives a thick description centered on themes such as contact among existing currents and the emergence of one of them, based on various cultural integration modes, as well as the evolving meaning of “multimedia”, which develops to become subsumed in the regional sector of information technology.
Tamini, Lota Dabio. "Le rôle du paiement initial de la Commission canadienne du blé en information imparfaite et analyse des conséquences d'une réduction des tarifs et des subventions - internes et à l'exportation - en présence d'un lien vertical entre les produits." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25174/25174.pdf.
Full textClavet, Nicholas-James. "Évaluation des mesures de soutien aux personnes et aux familles : une approche par microsimulations comptables et comportementales." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/30983.
Full textOver the next few years, the population aging will exert significant pressure on the public finances of Canada and Quebec. In a worrying fiscal context, the governments of Canada and Quebec will be tempted to reduce or at least limit their spending on expensive programs, such as person and family support programs. This thesis, therefore, seeks to develop and use tools enabling the assessment of the effects of support measures for persons and families before they are implemented 1) on their income, 2) on their working behavior, and 3) on public finances. Assessment of the effects of a support measure prior to its implementation (ex-ante evaluation) requires the use of special methods since it is not possible to deduce the effects of the measure from collected data. It is, therefore, necessary to use an accounting and behavioral microsimulation approach. The support measures for persons and families studied in this thesis focus on two themes: 1) poverty reduction through direct benefits to persons and families, and 2) reduction of net childcare expenses for parents. Chapter 1 examines the impact of a proposal for a guaranteed minimum income made by the Comité consultatif de lutte contre la pauvreté et l'exclusion sociale du Québec(Advisory Committee to Combat Poverty and Social Exclusion in Quebec). The analyses are carried out using accounting microsimulations and a structural discrete choice model of labor supply taking into account the tax system. The simulations show that the application of the original proposal has significant negative impacts on the labor market participation rate of low-income individuals and that its cost exceeds $2 billion annually. This exercise demonstrates that, contrary to what is generally believed, mechanisms to ensure a guaranteed income can have the effect of increasing the incidence of low income rather than reducing it. Chapter 2 examines the effects of increasing the age of eligibility for Old Age Security benefits and the Guaranteed Income Supplement from 65 to 67 years of age. The analyses are carried out using a reduced-form dynamic microsimulation model that projects Canada's socioeconomic evolution up to 2030. The simulations show that in the long term (i.e., 2030), increasing the age of eligibility increases the federal government's net revenues by $6.9 billion, but decreases the provincial revenues by $620 million. With constant labor and saving behavior, this reform increases the low-income rate of 65 to 66-year-olds (about 100,000 more seniors in low-income situations) from 6% to 17%. The poorest and the women are the most v penalized. Chapter 3 examines the effects of the three main public funding measures for childcare services (the provincial tax credit, the federal tax deduction, and direct childcare subsidies) on family income, women's participation to the labor market, and the public finances of Quebec and Canada. These effects are estimated using a structural model of labor supply comparable to that used in Chapter 1. The simulations show that child care financing measures increase overall and significantly the income of families after taxes, transfers, and childcare expenses; The measures also have a greater impact on the income and work of single mothers than on mothers in couple. Their abolition would result in substantial savings in provincial public finances but would be of little use to the federal government. Chapter 4 examines the effects of two reforms of childcare services' public funding on families and public finances. The first reform was introduced in 2015 by the Government of Quebec, while the second was a reform proposal made by the Commission de révision permanente des programmes (Permanent Program Review Committee) and the Commission d'examen sur la fiscalité québécoise (Québec Taxation Review Committee). The effects of these reforms are assessed using accounting microsimulations. A major finding of the analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the two reforms is that the reform of the two commissions is more advantageous than the current reform of the Government of Quebec for families and provincial government. In addition, reform proposals can be made to lead the federal government to make a greater contribution to childcare funding, which limits the financial burden of childcare costs for families...
Guiselin, Soizic. "La territorialisation de la politique gérontologique : l'exemple de l'Ille-et-Vilaine." Rennes 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004REN20034.
Full textThe aging of people has become a major issue. A national politics for old people has been implemented. It succeeds to local actions focused on charity and assistance principles. At times of decentralisation, such politics inserts itself in the middle of the demand for a territory which is considered as a system of active operators. The purpose of a department consists in achieving a politics based upon principles of coordination. The example of the Ille-et-Vilaine department does illustrate the implementation of an aging people politics based on operational principles and on new sectorisation measures. The territories thus created constitue the framework of the implementation of an equipment offer and of the assessment of the aging people demand. They become the place where offer and demand can meet. However this meeting which is unequal accoding to territories, leads to think over the way of dealing this issue
Habib, Carol. "Energy-efficient data collection and fusion in wireless body sensor networks for continuous health monitoring." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCD046.
Full textSeveral challenges exist in Wireless Body Sensor Networks such as the data collection and fusion especially that (1) wireless sensor nodes have limited energy, processing and memory resources, (2) the amount of periodically gathered data is huge, (3) the gathered data are characterized by a heterogeneous nature and (4) the data interpretation to ensure decision-support is influenced byseveral external factors such as the provided context information of the monitored person.In this thesis, the aforementioned challenges were tackled by proposing scientific aproaches. Firstly, an energy-efficient data collection technique is proposed. This technique targets the energy consumed by biosensor nodes for sensing and transmitting vital signs. It consists of a real-timesampling rate adaptation mechanism and a local detection system which are provided at the level of the nodes. Second, in order to perform a health assessment based on the collected data, a multisensor data fusion model is proposed. In this approach, the coordinator of the network performs anassessment of the patient's health condition based on the collected measurements of his/her vital signs. Such data is interpreted in a human-reasoning way and are characterized by ambiguity and imprecision. Thus, we propose to use a Fuzzy Inference System. Then, given that vital signs are highly correlated to the context of the monitored person, a context-aware multi-sensor data fusionmodel for health assessment is proposed. The person's context include his/her physical activity status, medical record and personal information. This information highly influences the interpretation of vital signs. Hesitant fuzzy sets are used to subjectively evaluate the intensity of the person's physical activities based on his/her personal information and the activity's characteristics. Finally, a specific healthcare monitoring application is targeted. A real-time stress detection and evaluation framework is proposed while taking into consideration the energy consumption constraint. Shimmer 3 GSR+ is used as a wireless sensor node to sense the Photoplethysmogram (PPG) signal and the skin conductance. An android mobile application is developed to extract from the PPG signal stress correlated vital signs such as the heart rate, the respiration rate and the blood pressure
Satao, Alagni. "Analyse de la coordination verticale de la distribution des engrais subventionnés au Mali : cas des producteurs de maïs." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/35839.
Full textThe objective of this study is to analyze the vertical coordination of the distribution of subsidized fertilizer in Mali. To do this, we adopted a qualitative research approach based on the exploitation of secondary data and the collection of primary information through individual surveys of actors involved in fertilizer supply in the Sikasso region. The primary data collected from these actors are analyzed by the content analysis method, which consists of classifying information by theme. The results obtained from the analysis show that actors involved in fertilizer supply are bound by formal and informal contract relationships, from market to cash market systems and vertical integration (in a lesser extent) as coordination tools. The results also show that the problems in the subsidized fertilizer supply chain, which may be obstacles (if no action is taken) to producers' access to the subsidy, are the asymmetry of information in subsidy access procedures, illicit fertilizer circulation, delay or nonpayment of subsidy, insufficient State fertilizer allowances, the lack of financial and logistical means at the level of the agricultural sectors and lack of agricultural credit system for producers in the DRA zone. Keywords: Vertical coordination, fertilizer, subsidy, farm, maize, supply, agriculture service.
Phitkhae, Niramai. "L’accès aux soins : comparaison des systèmes français et thaïlandais." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU10066/document.
Full textThe right to access to health care is considered, on the one hand, as a fundamental right of people, both international and national level. This right has a constitutional value in both France and Thailand, in the Preamble of the French Constitution and in many different articles of Thai Constitution. On the other hand, the right to access to health care is seen as a public service that calls the state to step in and take charge. The establishment of a French system to ensure the right to access to health care is primarily attached to the system of social security. The latter is a huge health insurance system that covers much of the French population, including active people, while in Thailand; access to care is implemented by three main categories: social security, health insurance for civil servants and other public officials, and universal health coverage, also known as the National Health Insurance. With these three categories, the government can now provide up to 92.5% of people, allowing them access to health care. The question of the implementation of a health insurance system represents a major challenge for access to care of the population both in France and Thailand. Our research will conduct a comparative study in health law and social protection law, of France and Thailand, which is based on legal, health and social base used to systematically analyze the health system and the health insurance system in France and Thailand. This comparative study will, we hope, help to improve the health insurance system in Thailand
Afifi, Rola. "La politique d’aide au développement de l’Union européenne dans le territoire palestinien occupé : vers l’établissement d’un État palestinien." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCB222.
Full textThe study aims to examine the policies of development aid of the European Union (EU) and their impact on the political, economic, security and social conditions in the occupied Palestinian territory (OPT). In addition, it seeks to answer the question whether these policies have helped to build a strong Palestinian economy leading to the establishment of a Palestinian state, or if they were only policies to protect the peace process, permanently dilapidated, and maintain the status quo of the occupation while meeting the basic requirements of survival of the Palestinian population. The study highlights the evolution of the European political support to the Palestinian people by highlighting the evolution of EU foreign policy towards the Palestinian-Israeli conflict and the institutions responsible for the development cooperation with third countries within the Union. This research relates to the aid granted by the EU to the Palestinians for the period extending from 1993 to 2014. It highlights a set of results, the most important is that this aid has played a prominent role in avoiding the collapse of the Palestinian National Authority (PNA) and in helping the Palestinian people. It has diversified over the years, both in quantity and quality, to fit the political, economic and humanitarian situation in the OPT. It contributed to the successful reforms carried out by the PNA in several sectors, and has further supported the Palestinian national development plans. However, this aid has not succeeded to curb the de-development policies systematically practiced by the occupation or to put pressure on Israel. This research underlines that this aid will not achieve its objectives, including that of the establishment of a viable Palestinian state coexisting with the State of Israel in peace and security, as long as the EU does not use its economic power and does not turn its rhetoric into concrete action on the ground
Larivière-Bélanger, Gabriel. "Surveillance et résistance : Le cas des prestataires d'aide financière de dernier recours." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29114/29114.pdf.
Full textState surveillance of the poor has a long history. It begins several centuries ago, more precisely with the creation of modern nation-states. According to social theorists, the strengthening of the state’s surveillance capabilities results from both mass bureaucracy and democracy. It also stems from people’s desire to assert their civil rights. This thesis examines state supervision from a welfare recipient point of view. It aims to identify recipients’ rationales and practices of resistance. We interviewed 19 participants from both cities of Montreal and Quebec City. Results suggest the extent of resistance at work: two different resistance rationales, as well as six tactical moves emerged from our analysis.
Etienne, Luc Sorel. "Le programme Première Ovation à Québec : étude des impacts d'une politique culturelle sur les artistes bénéficiaires." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/38187.
Full textQuébec City’s Première Ovation Program: Study on the Impacts of a Cultural Policy on Artists Grant Recipients As part of the sociology of culture field, this thesis aims to study the impact of the Première Ovation program on the professional career of Québec City’s artists who have benefited from it. This program stems from the Entente de développement culturel as part of a partnership established between Québec City and the Ministère de la Culture, des Communications et de la Condition féminine du Québec (MCCCF). In this thesis, the effects of such a cultural policy, aiming to support creation on the recipients’ career, are assessed based on a comparative approach of socioeconomical and socioprofessional situations before, during and after receiving a Première Ovation grant. Individual interviews have been conducted with six literary artists, seven theatrical artists and nine visual arts artists all of whom received this grant between 2009 and 2012. Through the analysis of these interviews, this thesis evaluates the effectiveness of this cultural policy, and also introduces larger interpretation methods on both cultural and sociological involvements, on the integration of artistic creation in social life. At the end of our research, it clearly appears that, from one standpoint, Québec City has a pool of dynamic and well-trained young talents. From another standpoint, it appears that the Première Ovation program, dedicated since 2008 to the promotion of emerging talents, has a real impact on all three artistic fields studied. Between financial support and mentoring, both important features of support offered by this program, we can observe positive impacts in the short-, medium- and even long-term of the supported artists’ professional career. However, through the analysis of the paths of emerging artists, the thesis shows that, while a strong artistic and more broadly cultural production potential exists in Québec City, the omnipresent uncertainty surrounding producers persists, despite government funding to help creation. This ambivalent situation can be interpreted in light of the existing disparities between certain institutional aims and their inscription in the sociological realities of the City’s cultural community.