Log in

Relevant bibliographies by topics / Alphabet / Journal articles

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Alphabet.

Journal articles on the topic 'Alphabet'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 26 July 2025

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Alphabet.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

1

K., Raghavendra, and Venkatesh Reddy A. N. "Alphabet problems linked with learning disability in children: a cross sectional study." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 6, no. 6 (2019): 2605. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20194641.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: Learning Disability (LD) is a frequently neglected entity in our set up, with the affected children being labeled as dull and worthless. The feeling of inadequacy and shame leads to psychological problems in approx. 30% of these children. These include low self-esteem, school phobia, anxiety, depression, oppositional-defiant behavior and conduct disorders. Early recognition of this disability in the primary school children and initiating appropriate remedial measures can significantly reduce morbidity. Authors objective was to study the prevalence and pattern of alphabet problems i

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Ostapchuk, Oxana. "«Alphabet wars» in the history and modernity of Slavic languages: sidenotes to the Artur Steplewski’s book." Slavianovedenie, no. 5 (December 2021): 110–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0869544x0017704-7.

Full text

Abstract:

The article concerns problematics of the (re)interpretation of graphicsof graphics and the alphabet in national categories in the history of Serbian, Croatian, and Ukrainian literary languages through the prism of A. Stemplevsky's monograph «Semiosis of Script: monograph «Semiosis of Script: Cyrillic and latin alphapet in Serbian and Croatian national discourse on the Slavic background».The concept of nationalization is introduced to describe expanding of meaning due to ideological and cultural connotationswhile alphabets as a whole or their separate graphemes have been used in the symbolic fu

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Wielosik, Agnieszka. "The role of the great colonization in the creation and spread of the Greek language and its dialects." Biuletyn Głównej Biblioteki Lekarskiej 57, no. 382 (2024): 17–34. https://doi.org/10.2478/bgbl-2024-0002.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract The creation of the Greek alphabet and its spread influenced the development of most European alphabets. The territorial scope of the Greek language was closely related to Greek colonization, contributing to the creation and mixing of numerous dialects until the formation of a uniform alphabet based on the Ionian dialect from Miletus. The Greek alphabet is the cornerstone of most of the alphabets of European languages.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Karimov, Bakhtiyor Rakhmanovich. "PROPOSALS FOR A COMMON TURKIC ALPHABET AND THE CREATION OF A COMMON TURKIC WRITING SYSTEM "ORTABITIK"." Oriental Renaissance: Innovative, educational, natural and social sciences 4, no. 26 (2024): 587–98. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14574058.

Full text

Abstract:

To solve the problems of alphabets and writing of Turkic languages, we propose to create a writing system “ortabitik” [1, 2, 3, 4], that is, four isomorphic alphabet systems: 1) an alphabet based on the Latin alphabet; 2) an alphabet based on the Cyrillic alphabet; 3) an alphabet based on the Arabic alphabet; 4) an alphabet based on the Orkhon-Yenisei script. In the Turkic group of languages there are 39 phonemes in total, in each national Turkic language there are approximately 30-35 phonemes of these 39 phonemes in different samples. For 39 Turkic phonemes we propose to introduce

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Liu, Chun Rong. "The Research on Computer Recognition Technology for Blurred Alphabet Images." Applied Mechanics and Materials 644-650 (September 2014): 4125–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.644-650.4125.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper mainly studies the recognition issue of blurred alphabet images. If alphabets in an image is blurred, it is difficult t be recognized. To avoid the defect, the paper proposes a computer recognition method for blurred alphabet images based on grayscale class variance algorithm. The algorithm executes non-linear transformation on feature parameters of alphabets images extracted to obtain eigenvector coefficient weights, and then calculates characteristic correlation coefficient through wavelet transform to realize the blurred alphabet recognition. Experiments show that, the proposed m

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Furusho, Rafael Yuji Hirata, Francisco Assis da Silva, Leandro Luiz de Almeida, et al. "APLICAÇÃO DE REDES NEURAIS CONVOLUCIONAIS NO RECONHECIMENTO DE CARACTERES EM PLACAS INFORMATIVAS JAPONESAS." COLLOQUIUM EXACTARUM 13, no. 2 (2021): 12–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5747/ce.2021.v13.n2.e355.

Full text

Abstract:

Unlike most Western countries, which have a Latin-derived base alphabet, Japan has two syllabic alphabets called Hiragana and Katakana, and a Chinese alphabet, called Kanji. The vast differences in the writing of these Eastern alphabets to Western alphabets, Western alphabet-based OCR algorithms tend not to efficiently detect Japanese characters. This work contributes to a methodology applying digital image processing techniques, such as color range-based segmentation, edge detection and mathematical morphology techniques, to detect Japanese traffic informationalplates correctly the perspectiv

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Zhang, Xiangning, and Ruolin Zhang. "Evolution of ancient alphabet to modern greek, latin and cyrillic alphabets and transcription between them." South Florida Journal of Development 3, no. 3 (2022): 3210–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.46932/sfjdv3n3-013.

Full text

Abstract:

The elements of alphabet tables reflect the phonetics of different languages. The earliest alphabet was invented by Phoenician in 200 millennium BCE, and was spread by businessmen from there; it was modified to form Greek alphabet, and Greek alphabet was introduced to Roman Empire and a new script, Latin alphabet was formed and spread in western part of Europe. Cyrillic alphabet adapted from Greek alphabet spread with Eastern Orthodox in eastern and southern Europe, and replaced Arabic scripts in North and Central Asian when inhabitants there were converted to Russian Orthodox. The modificatio

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Utz, Peter. "Von der „Amazone“ zum „Zeitungsbureau“.: Robert Walsers „Alphabet“ und das literarische Buchstabieren im Feuilleton." Zeitschrift für Germanistik 32, no. 1 (2022): 105–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3726/92171_105.

Full text

Abstract:

Wie das literarische Feuilleton der Zwischenkriegszeit mit katalogartigen Textstrukturen experimentiert, wird ausgehend von Robert Walsers paradigmatischem Alphabet (1921), das auch in die Nähe des französischen Surrealismus rückt, erkundet. Weitere Spielformen des feuilletonistischen Buchstabierens reichen von den satirisch geschärften Alphabeten Kurt Tucholskys und Anton Kuhs bis zu den Feuilletonsammlungen Ernst Kammerers, welche die neue Sprach- und Feuilletonordnung nach 1933 nur noch nachstammeln. The literary feuilleton of the interwar period experimented with catalogue-like text struct

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Sagimbekova, Assel. "PROBLEMY I PERSPEKTYWY PRZEJŚCIA JĘZYKA KAZACHSKIEGO NA ALFABET ŁACIŃSKI." Poradnik Językowy, no. 5/2021(784) (May 20, 2021): 92–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.33896/porj.2021.5.7.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper is dedicated to the issue of the Kazakh language transitioning into the Latin alphabet. It discusses the problems and prospects of the Kazakh language alphabet shifting from the Cyrillic alphabet to the Latin one. The author presents the history of the alphabets used in the Kazakh language (Arabic, Latin, Cyrillic), and chronologically presents the variants of the new alphabet as well as the results of social research and opinions of linguists

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Legerský, Jan. "MINIMAL NON-INTEGER ALPHABETS ALLOWING PARALLEL ADDITION." Acta Polytechnica 58, no. 5 (2018): 285. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/ap.2018.58.0285.

Full text

Abstract:

Parallel addition, i.e., addition with limited carry propagation has been so far studied for complex bases and integer alphabets. We focus on alphabets consisting of integer combinations of powers of the base. We give necessary conditions on the alphabet allowing parallel addition. Under certain assumptions, we prove the same lower bound on the size of the generalized alphabet that is known for alphabets consisting of consecutive integers. We also extend the characterization of bases allowing parallel addition to numeration systems with non-integer alphabets.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Selvi, Eleonora. "Koineization and the Pamphylian alphabet." Written Language and Literacy 26, no. 1 (2023): 76–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/wll.00074.sel.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract In the Hellenistic age, contact with the Ionic alphabet used to write koine Greek rapidly changed the Pamphylian alphabet, initiating the processes of koineization and standardization. The analysis of three case studies (personal names with -muu̯a; personal names built from the root ϝαναξ-; -αυ and -ευ diphthongs) shows how the need to write dialectal personal names led to the creation of a ‘local standard’ of spellings suited to the koine alphabetic set. However, some features of the epichoric alphabet survived in competition with this local standard. It is therefore argued that the

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Carreiras, Manuel, Manuel Perea, Cristina Gil-López, Reem Abu Mallouh, and Elena Salillas. "Neural Correlates of Visual versus Abstract Letter Processing in Roman and Arabic Scripts." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 25, no. 11 (2013): 1975–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00438.

Full text

Abstract:

In alphabetic orthographies, letter identification is a critical process during the recognition of visually presented words. In the present experiment, we examined whether and when visual form influences letter processing in two very distinct alphabets (Roman and Arabic). Disentangling visual versus abstract letter representations was possible because letters in the Roman alphabet may look visually similar/dissimilar in lowercase and uppercase forms (e.g., c-C vs. r-R) and letters in the Arabic alphabet may look visually similar/dissimilar, depending on their position within a word (e.g., [For

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Patil, Varsha K., Vijaya R. Pawar, Aditya Patil, and Vinayak Bairagi. "Sign language emotion and alphabet recognition with hand gestures using convolution neural network." IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI) 14, no. 2 (2025): 954. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijai.v14.i2.pp954-962.

Full text

Abstract:

American sign language (ASL) is a special means of interaction for hard-of-hearing individuals and has precise conventional rules. Since the general public does not know these sign language protocols, there is a need to have an efficient automatic sign-emotion recognition system. The objective of this paper is, to develop a framework that recognizes standard hand gestures. The gesture represents emotions and alphabet. This paper covers the methodology, results and performance factors, for experimentations. This experimentation of ASL-based alphabet and emotion recognition is novel as till now

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Savic, Viktor. "On the issue of the formation of the cyrillic alphabet: Some observations." Juznoslovenski filolog 78, no. 2 (2022): 175–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jfi2202175s.

Full text

Abstract:

While making an indisputably relevant contribution to scholarship and Slavic culture, the discussions about the primacy of one or the other Slavic alphabet, Glagolitic or Cyrillic, and the presentations of their results or the elaborations on the issue that have ensued over the following decades, were very often burdened with stereotypes, errors and other shortcomings. A particularly peculiar case is the construction of an ideological narrative about inventing the Cyrillic alphabet at the behest of the Bulgarian prince, later Emperor Symeon, and its promotion as the official state and church a

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Dracini, Rrezarta, and Alketa Kraja. "The Contribution of the Arbëresh to the Writing of the Albanian Language." Journal of Educational and Social Research 15, no. 3 (2025): 275. https://doi.org/10.36941/jesr-2025-0097.

Full text

Abstract:

The documentation of the Albanian written language is relatively late due to the historical situations that Albania has gone through. This paper focuses on the issues of Albanian writing and aims to shed light on the efforts to unify the Albanian script, the drafting of the alphabet. The Albanian alphabet was unified in 1908 at the Congress of Manastir. The late drafting of the alphabet shows the difficulties encountered in unifying the Albanian script according to a unifying graphic model. This comprehensive alphabet for all users, for all Albanian writers, came as a result of a wide contribu

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Botica, Aurel. "WHO INVENTED WHAT? EXPLORING THE ROLE OF THE NORTH WESTERN SEMITIC ALPHABET UPON THE FORMATION OF MODERN EUROPEAN LANGUAGES." Semănătorul (The Sower) 4, no. 2 (2024): 84–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.58892/ts.swr4250.

Full text

Abstract:

It is an accepted fact that, with some exceptions, the ancient Greek and Latin languages served as the basis for the formation of most of the Western (modern) languages. However, what remains less known is that the Greeks borrowed the alphabet letters from the North-Western Semitic alphabet of the 2nd millenium BCE. This alphabet was used by Phoenicians, Arameans, Hebrews and the Moabites beginning with the early second millenium and was borrowed by the early Greeks from Phoenician merchants in the later part of the second millenium and the beginning of the first millenium BCE. In this article

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Sinitsyn, Fedor. "The Creation of Dungan Writing in the USSR: Between ‘Sovietization’ and Foreign Policy Calculation, 1920s–1930s." Vostok. Afro-aziatskie obshchestva: istoriia i sovremennost, no. 4 (2023): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s086919080025414-2.

Full text

Abstract:

In the 1920s – 1930s, from 20 thousand to 30 thousand Dungans lived in the Central Asian republics of the USSR. A course was taken to create a Dungan alphabet based on Latin graphics. In 1928, the Dungan alphabet was adopted on the ‘all-Soviet’ basis. However, in the early 1930s, it was decided that it was necessary to change the Dungan alphabet – primarily because of the need to solve the problem of ‘unification’ of this alphabet on a ‘common Soviet’ or ‘English’ basis, on which the Chinese alphabet developed in the USSR was based. In July 1932 at a conference in Frunze there was adopted a ne

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Satybaldieva, Asel, and Nazgul Ysyraiylova. "FROM THE HISTORY OF ALPHABETIC REFORM IN KYRGYZSTAN: THE TRANSITION FROM LATIN TO CYRILLIC AT THE END OF THE 1930s." Alatoo Academic Studies 22, no. 4 (2022): 358–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.17015/aas.2022.224.46.

Full text

Abstract:

This article is devoted to the history of the alphabetic reform (1939 - 1941) in Kyrgyzstan. The third writing reform was implemented during this period when they switched from the Latin alphabet to the Russian script. The relevance of this topic is because in the past year it has been eighty years since the Russian alphabet based on the Cyrillic alphabet is used in Kyrgyzstan. Due to its cultural and social significance, the history of the development of the Kyrgyz writing system and alphabetic reforms is always of great interest. Therefore, it is important to investigate the causal relations

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Mikheev, Savva. "The Enigmatic Letters и҃ . пѣ҃ . хл҃ъ . тъ҃ and ш҃ . ъ҃ . шь҃ . мь҃ . ъ҃ in the Lists of the Monk Hrabr. Clarifying the Composition of the Glagolitic Alphabet". Slovene 13, № 2 (2024): 7–47. https://doi.org/10.31168/2305-6754.2024.2.01.

Full text

Abstract:

The purpose of the article is to establish the exact composition and order of letters in the final part of the Glagolitic alphabet. In the main part of the paper, the author analyses two unclear sections of the lists of letters in the treatise of the monk Hrabr. These are segments и . пѣ҃ . хл҃ъ . тъ҃ at the end of the list of letters similar to the Greek ones, and ш . ъ . шь҃ . мь҃ . ъin the list of letters proper to the Slavic language. The article substantiates the argument that хл҃ъ . тъ҃and шь҃ . мь҃are the names of the so-called “second x” and “second š”, and that и stands for the “

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Tutar, Mehmet. "Comparison of Handwritten Recognition Methods on Arabic and Latin Characters." Journal of Studies in Science and Engineering 2, no. 3 (2022): 22–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.53898/josse2022232.

Full text

Abstract:

In this article, both machine learning techniques and deep learning methods were applied on the digit datasets created using the Arabic and Latin alphabets, and the performances of the methods were compared. Each method was tested with various parameters and the results were analyzed. In addition, with this study, the recognizability of handwritten numeral datasets created using different alphabets was also observed. For experiments, an Arabic alphabet handwritten digit dataset (60,000 training and 10,000 testings) and a Latin alphabet handwritten digit dataset (60,000 training and 10,000 test

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

YUSYP-YAKIMOVICH, Julia, and Olena Olena SHIMKO. "To the reception P. Y. Shafarik’s ideas about the primacy of the glagolitics at the current stage of paleoslavistics development." Problems of slavonic studies 70 (2021): 9–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/sls.2021.70.3734.

Full text

Abstract:

Background. The problem of the origin of the Glagolitic alphabet, its origins and the first years of Slavic writing can rightly be called the “cursed question” (questio dia-bolica – B. Uspensky) of Slavic studies, as attempts to connect the Glagolitic alphabet with any of the existing alphabets did not lead to any convincing results. Until now, the only relevant ideas of P. Shafarik remain, expressed about 150 years ago. Purpose. The aim of the article is to systematize and analyze historical and modern ideas (from the 90s to the present day), which are expressed by researchers regarding the l

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

CRESPI REGHIZZI, STEFANO, and PIERLUIGI SAN PIETRO. "FROM REGULAR TO STRICTLY LOCALLY TESTABLE LANGUAGES." International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science 23, no. 08 (2012): 1711–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129054112400710.

Full text

Abstract:

A classical result (often credited to Y. Medvedev) states that every language recognized by a finite automaton is the homomorphic image of a local language, over a much larger so-called local alphabet, namely the alphabet of the edges of the transition graph. Local languages are characterized by the value k = 2 of the sliding window width in the McNaughton and Papert's infinite hierarchy of strictly locally testable languages (k-slt). We generalize Medvedev's result in a new direction, studying the relationship between the width and the alphabetic ratio telling how much larger the local alphab

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Mathiesen, Robert. "The Characters (Χαρακτῆρες) of the Glagolitic Alphabet: New Light on an Old Puzzle". Slavistica Vilnensis 65, № 2 (2020): 10–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/slavviln.2020.65(2).44.

Full text

Abstract:

The article calls attention to a neglected source for the over-all “look and feel” of the Glagolitic alphabet as it was first created by Constantine the Philosopher circa 863 ad. This source is the variant forms of the Greek and other alphabets (including Hebrew and Arabic) that consist of so-called Brillenbuchstabe (otherwise charactères à lunettes or ring-letters). These variant alphabets were employed chiefly for esoteric purposes, including astrological and magical ones. Because of their limited use, they have largely been overlooked in standard handbooks of Greek and Oriental paleography.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Chumakova, Tatiana V. "Ethical concepts in Russian religious-didactic literature of the 17th century." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies 37, no. 3 (2021): 568–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu17.2021.316.

Full text

Abstract:

The article offers an analysis of ethical concepts in Russian religious-didactic literature of the 17th century. The main sources are alphabets published in Moscow. There were two alphabets printed by Vasily Burtsov, and an alphabet by Karion Istomin, as well as “Azbuka s oratsiey” (Alphabet with Didactics), and the manuscript “Alfavititsy didaskala” (Small Alphabet of a Teacher). These alphabets can be considered as religious-didactic literature because in addition to grammar, these manuals included the narration “On the Letters” by Chernorizets Hrabar (Hrabar, the Black Robe Wearer), extensi

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Umarov, Ergash. "The structure of the urkhun alphabet." Golden scripts 1, no. 4 (2019): 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.52773/tsuull.gold.2019.4/mjoa8301.

Full text

Abstract:

The Turkic languages have a rich ancient history. Like other languages, they have evolved and enriched over a few centuries. It is held a conversation about the history of Turkic languages, in particular the Urkhun alphabet, which is an important event in the development of Turkic languages. The author focuses on several relevant and controversial aspects of the issue and suggests his ideas to them. These are the issues such as the number of characters in the runic alphabet and the basis of these characters, the stages of creation of the runic alphabet, the expression of the vowels and consona

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

KATTABEKOVA, N., and Sh NURMANOVA. "FORMATION OF THE ALPHABETIC SYSTEM IN THE HISTORY OF KAZAKH WRITING." Iasaýı ýnıversıtetіnіń habarshysy 122, no. 4 (2021): 184–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.47526/2021-4/2664-0686.16.

Full text

Abstract:

The article is devoted to the study of the history of changes in the Kazakh alphabet in the period from 1920 to 1950. A new look at the degree of its historiographical study and data sources determines the main purpose of the article. This policy was especially acute during this period in the form of a campaign with the intervention of a superficial, hasty policy, with exaggerated cruelty. In the history of writing of the Kazakh language, it is noted that the alphabetic system has survived several historical periods, reached the level of the national alphabet, for several centuries the Kazakh

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Sinitsyn, Fedor L. "Attempt to Eliminate Cyrillic Writing in the USSR in 1920s - 1930s: Politics and Practice." Vestnik Yaroslavskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta im. P. G. Demidova. Seriya gumanitarnye nauki 18, no. 1 (2024): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.18255/1996-5648-2024-1-36-45.

Full text

Abstract:

The idea of ‘the desirability of introducing a Latin writing for all nationalities inhabiting the territory of the Republic’ arose in the power circles of the RSFSR back in 1919. The target for ‘Latinizers’ were, among others, the Cyrillic alphabets used in the country. The intentions of the ‘Latinizers’ were based on the general attitudes of the ‘hyperinternationalist’ policy of the first decade of Soviet power. At the same time, the argument for why the Cyrillic alphabet should be changed to the Latin alphabet was weak. The practice of Latinization of the written language of different people

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Song, Xinyu, and Weihen Yang. "Alphabet: Innovation Analysis." Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences 71, no. 1 (2024): 192–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/71/20241491.

Full text

Abstract:

The pervasive growth of society has led to an increasing reliance on the Internet in people's daily lives. Among the integral components of the Internet, search engines play a pivotal role in enhancing usage efficiency. In this field, Alphabet is the industry leader among them. Therefore, this study focuses on analyzing Alphabet's business innovation pattern using a SWOT analysis. This research makes the case that Alphabet now benefits from a high product penetration rate for Google. Google's product advertising, on the other hand, is highly beneficial and helps to form a business model that c

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

إبراهيم طه, علي عبد الرحمن. "The role of Calligraphy in Confirming Identity and Cultural Belonging." JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE STUDIES 5, no. 1 (2022): 444–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/jls.5.1.30.

Full text

Abstract:

This study deals with the relationship of language with general culture, represented by handwriting in language. It is clear that there is a link between language in all its manifestations and culture; Hence, the alphabets became an important part of culture in its spread and decline. This study aims to confirm the importance of calligraphy and indicate its connection to culture. This is done through practical models in which the connection of calligraphy with culture was clearly shown. Using the descriptive analytical approach, the study concluded with some results, the most important of whic

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Schmidt-Naylor, Anna C., Kathryn J. Saunders, and Nancy C. Brady. "Developing the Alphabetic Principle to Aid Text-Based Augmentative and Alternative Communication Use by Adults With Low Speech Intelligibility and Intellectual Disabilities." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 26, no. 2 (2017): 397–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2016_ajslp-15-0047.

Full text

Abstract:

PurposeWe explored alphabet supplementation as an augmentative and alternative communication strategy for adults with minimal literacy. Study 1's goal was to teach onset-letter selection with spoken words and assess generalization to untaught words, demonstrating the alphabetic principle. Study 2 incorporated alphabet supplementation within a naming task and then assessed effects on speech intelligibility.MethodThree men with intellectual disabilities (ID) and low speech intelligibility participated. Study 1 used a multiple-probe design, across three 20-word sets, to show that our computer-bas

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

EVTIMOVA, Tatyana. "FROM THE ISLAND OF MAURITIUS TO THE NEW TESTAMENT OF SAINT KLIMENT." Ezikov Svyat (Orbis Linguarum) 18, no. 1 (2020): 114–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.37708/ezs.swu.v18i1.13.

Full text

Abstract:

a professor in Indian Studies, in February 2019 the author was a special guest to the Mahatma Gandhi Institute in Moka, Mauritius. During her visit she delivered a public lecture entitled “Tracing India in an Old Bulgarian Alphabet”. This text is practically based on it. The name of the first Bulgarian alphabet – Glagolitsa of Saint Cyril – may formally be translated as “speaking script”, or “speaking letters”. As far as each and every letter in it carries a separate name and therefore meaning, given the order of alphabets, the approach to it as to an alphabetical blessing and Benedictio to Bu

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Simonato Kokochkina, Elena. "Le kabarde, langue minoritaire du Caucase, et la réflexion linguistique dans l’URSS des années." Slavica Occitania 20, no. 1 (2005): 385–404. https://doi.org/10.3406/slaoc.2005.2248.

Full text

Abstract:

This article aims at exploring the double interest of the study of Kabardian language by Soviet linguists in the 1920-1930’s, first of all by N.F. Jakovlev : the linguistic interest and the political implications of alphabet building for Caucasian languages. We explain first the role of the study of Kabardian phonetics for the evolution of Soviet phonology. Then we explore the main result of the alphabet building in the Caucasus, the project of unification of alphabets for mountain languages and its political implications. Discussions of that period about alphabets reveal us the vision of the

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Peresada, Yelyzaveta. "THE PHENOMENON OF THE UKRAINIAN LANGUAGE LATINIZATION AS A FACTOR IN THE BROADENING OF THE METALANGUAGE OF LINGUISTICS." Terminological Bulletin, no. 7 (2023): 173–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.37919/2221-8807-2023-7-18.

Full text

Abstract:

he article is devoted to the specifics of the formation of the metalanguage of graphemics as an actual scientific direction of modern linguistics. The emergence of graphemics as a separate scientific field has not led to the consolidation of a single term in the scientific discourse to denote the science of writing and the graphic level of language. In addition, there is no established graphemics terminology. The article proposes to define the term field of linguistics, which represents the established terms, and discusses the controversial issues related to the formation of the microterm fiel

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

De Carvalho, Mario Jorge. "Fichtes Grundlage als alphabetum cogitationum und scala praedicamentalis." Fichte Studien 52, no. 1 (2023): 46–69. https://doi.org/10.1163/18795811-05201004.

Full text

Abstract:

Zusammenfassung Fichtes Grundlage unternimmt den Versuch, das, was Leibniz das „alphabetum cogitationum humanarum“ nennt – d. h. den „catalogus notionum primitivarum“ – herauszuarbeiten. Die Grundlage weicht aber von Leibniz’ Versuch insofern ab, als sie von der Einsicht geleitet wird, dass die notiones primitivae eigentlich keine einfachen notiones (d. h. keine monoeidetischen Begriffe) sein können, sondern den Charakter von Handlungen oder Setzungen – ja den Charakter von Gesetzen (von alles mögliche Setzen bedingenden Gesetzen) – besitzen müssen. Das „alphabetum cogitationum“ entpuppt sich

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Gilevich, Artem, Mark Frenkel, Shraga Shoval, and Edward Bormashenko. "Time Evolution of the Symmetry of Alphabet Symbols and Its Quantification: Study in the Archeology of Symmetry." Symmetry 16, no. 4 (2024): 465. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym16040465.

Full text

Abstract:

We investigated the time evolution of the symmetry of symbols constituting alphabets rooted in the Phoenician script. A diversity of quantitative measures of symmetry of graphemes appearing in Phoenician, Western Greek, Etruscan from Marsiliana, Archaic Etruscan, Neo-Etruscan, Euclidian Greek, Archaic and Classical Latin and Proto-Hebrew scripts, constituting the Phoenician script family, were calculated. The same measures were established for the Hebrew/Ashurit and English scripts. The Shannon-like measures of symmetry were computed. The Shannon diversity index was calculated. Our findings in

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Fendel, Victoria. "The missing piece in the jigsaw puzzle." Written Language and Literacy 24, no. 2 (2021): 198–228. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/wll.00053.fen.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Past research approached the origins of the Coptic alphabet sociolinguistically and empirically. Neither can fully explain the comparatively sudden and fundamental change from a supraphonemic to a phonemic writing system for Egyptian around the second century AD. This paper adds the cognitive-linguistic concept of the grain size of a writing system to the picture. In essence, by the second century, sound changes in Egyptian had resulted in a phonological structure of the language that mapped more easily onto a phonemic writing system than previous stages of the language. This coincide

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Dong, Qiwen, Kai Wang, Bin Liu, and Xuan Liu. "Characterization and Prediction of Protein Flexibility Based on Structural Alphabets." BioMed Research International 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4628025.

Full text

Abstract:

Motivation.To assist efforts in determining and exploring the functional properties of proteins, it is desirable to characterize and predict protein flexibilities.Results.In this study, the conformational entropy is used as an indicator of the protein flexibility. We first explore whether the conformational change can capture the protein flexibility. The well-defined decoy structures are converted into one-dimensional series of letters from a structural alphabet. Four different structure alphabets, including the secondary structure in 3-class and 8-class, the PB structure alphabet (16-letter),

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

ERGUN, AYÇA. "Politics of Romanisation in Azerbaijan (1921–1992)." Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland 20, no. 1 (2009): 33–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1356186309990290.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractWriting systems are used as, and considered to be, important tools and symbols of political discourses of their time. This article presents a historical overview of the alphabet changes in Azerbaijan and shows how the alphabets were associated with the discourses of modernisation, nationalism and national identity construction. In the early twentieth century, the discussion on the need to shift from the Arabic alphabet to the Roman was actually an extension of the wider debate on national identity and language coupled with the will to modernise and progress. In 1940, the Soviet regime

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Peresada, Yelyzaveta. "Проблема конкуренції латиниці й кирилиці в українській лінгвокультурі". Slavica Wratislaviensia 178 (30 грудня 2023): 149–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/0137-1150.178.12.

Full text

Abstract:

The rivalry between two graphic systems, the Cyrillic alphabet and the Ukrainian Latin alphabet, can be traced throughout the history of the functioning of the Ukrainian language. During the 19th–21st centuries, Ukrainian linguists were continuosly analyzing the question issue of rivalry between Cyrillic and Latin alphabets in the Ukrainian linguoculture. The problem of the functioning of the Ukrainian Latin alphabet in the modern Ukrainian linguistic space during the globalization of English has been reemerged and continues to stir up the scientists. It expands the problematics of Ukrainian l

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Simonato, Elena. "La femme qui réformait les alphabets." Cahiers du Centre de Linguistique et des Sciences du Langage, no. 47 (June 4, 2016): 173–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.26034/la.cdclsl.2016.453.

Full text

Abstract:

Au tournant des années 1920 et 1930, R.O. Šor participa aux activités du Comité Central Fédéral du Nouvel Alphabet Turk (VCKNTA). Rattaché au Présidium du Soviet pour les Nationalités de l’Union soviétique, le Comité du Nouvel Alphabet avait pour mission de coordonner le travail sur la latinisation des alphabets pour les langues turkes de l’Union, ainsi que d’élaborer de nouveaux alphabets pour les langues du Caucase du Nord qui ne possédaient pas d’écriture. C’est dans ce second champ de recherche que les connaissances de Šor furent nécessaires pour le comité scientifique. Au centre de ses an

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Oqlu, Kazimi Parviz Firudın. "Transition to Latin Alphabet (20s of the Twentieth Century) Modern Reality Is a Result of Historical Events." English Linguistics Research 10, no. 2 (2021): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/elr.v10n2p38.

Full text

Abstract:

In the 1920s, a number of processes began to take place in the new structure that arose in the collapsed geography of the Russian Empire. One of these processes was the transition of peoples to the "Latin" alphabet, which is also called "Latinization" in the world scientific literature. One of the least covered problems of the processes that took place in different geographical regions after the collapse of empires is the problem of "Latinization". Thus, "Latinization", which played an important role in world cultural history, is still interpreted by various sources and researchers without und

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Basha, Syed Usman, and Dr S. Brintha Rajakumari. "A Study on Encryption in Poly Alphabetic Ciphers." International Journal of Inventive Engineering and Sciences 11, no. 11 (2024): 13–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijies.c7265.11111124.

Full text

Abstract:

Internet in nowadays has been in use in all departments of a society and it has been used by people of all ages for different purposes. With its increasing usage, security has become a major concern for secure data transfer over the internet. At this juncture, the importance of cryptography peeks in. Poly alphabetic cipher is one among the types of cryptography in which an alphabet can be substituted to any other alphabet. This article focuses light on different methods of generating Cipher text on the basis of Poly Alphabetic Cipher.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Syed, Usman Basha. "A Study on Encryption in Poly Alphabetic Ciphers." International Journal of Inventive Engineering and Sciences (IJIES) 11, no. 11 (2024): 13–15. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijies.C7265.11111124.

Full text

Abstract:

<strong>Abstract: </strong>Internet in nowadays has been in use in all departments of a society and it has been used by people of all ages for different purposes. With its increasing usage, security has become a major concern for secure data transfer over the internet. At this juncture, the importance of cryptography peeks in. Poly alphabetic cipher is one among the types of cryptography in which an alphabet can be substituted to any other alphabet. This article focuses light on different methods of generating Cipher text on the basis of Poly Alphabetic Cipher.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Simonato-Kokochkina, Elena. "Alphabet «chauvin» ou alphabet «nationaliste» ?" Cahiers du Centre de Linguistique et des Sciences du Langage, no. 17 (April 9, 2022): 261–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.26034/la.cdclsl.2004.1608.

Full text

Abstract:

Nous sommes en 1930, année du XVIe Congrès du Parti, où Staline intervient au sujet de la question nationale et de la culture nationale. Il parle de deux «déviations» [uklony] qui tendent, selon lui, à entraver la politique du parti dans la question nationale, à savoir le «chauvinisme de grande puissance» [velikoderžavnyj šovinizm] et le «nationalisme local» [mestnyj nacionalizm] . Sans nous interroger sur les causes et les conséquences globales de ce discours de Staline, nous allons voir plus particulièrement comment sa manière de penser la question nationale a influencé, dans les publication

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Claudia, Juli Gladis, Sri Sujawaty, and Mutmainah Dunggio. "Penurunan Disleksia pada Balita Melalui Permainan Puzzle Alfabeth dan Kartu Huruf." Journal Midwifery Jurusan Kebidanan Politeknik Kesehatan Gorontalo 6, no. 1 (2021): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.52365/jm.v6i1.315.

Full text

Abstract:

Dyslexia is a disorder in the form of difficulty reading, writing, spelling which results in children not being able to read and speak. Teachers can stimulate children's thinking interested in learning to read using interesting learning techniques such as alphabet puzzle games and letter cards. This study aims to determine the effect of alphabet puzzle games and letter cards to reduce dyslexia. The research design is quasi-experimental with a one-group pretest-posttest design approach, namely measurement of observations before and after being given an alphabet puzzle game and letter cards for

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

ORHUN, Murat. "THE ALTERING PROCESS OF ORTHOGRAPHIC RULES IN UYGHUR LANGUAGE." ZEITSCHRIFT FÜR DIE WELT DER TÜRKEN / JOURNAL OF WORLD OF TURKS / TÜRKLERİN DÜNYASI DERGİSİ 14, no. 3 (2022): 31–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.46291/zfwt/140303.

Full text

Abstract:

Uyghur people used many alphabets from past to present. Because of many reasons related to the alphabets they used and the periods in which those alphabets were used, changes were made in the rules of spelling. With the stream of time, there might be changes in the number and spelling of words used in languages, but such a change has been experienced more in Uyghur language than in other languages. While only four alphabet changes were made in Uyghur language, which has been used in the Uyghur Autonomous Region of China since 1950, eight spelling changes were made from 1980 to 2010. Uyghur peo

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Senashov, Vladimir I. "<i>m</i>-aperiodic words on three-letter alphabet." Siberian Aerospace Journal 25, no. 2 (2024): 176–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.31772/2712-8970-2024-25-2-176-181.

Full text

Abstract:

The work is devoted to the study of sets of aperiodic words over a finite alphabet. The set of aperiodic words can be considered as a dictionary of some finite formal language. The existence of infinite words in two-letter or three-letter alphabets that do not contain subwords that are third powers or, respectively, squares of other words was first discovered more than a hundred years ago. S.I. Adyan in 2010 constructed an example of an infinite sequence of irreducible words, each of which is the beginning of the next and does not contain word squares in a two-letter alphabet. S.E. Arshon esta

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Akbar, Dhoyfun. "تحليل الأخطاء الإملائية والخطية في الكتابة العربية لطلبة المدرسة الثانوية باب السلام تامبار جوكوراطا جومبانج". Jiluna Arabiyah: Jurnal Bahasa Arab dan Pendidikan Bahasa Arab 2, № 1 (2025): 1–14. https://doi.org/10.61181/jiluna.v2i1.463.

Full text

Abstract:

The difference between Arabic and pattern writing have a big effect in the students at Babussalam Tambar Jombang, and speciallyin Arabic writing. The goal of writing studies in this high school is to make the student able to write correctly, and without mistakes. But, the students do not have enough capacities and potential to realize this goal which create an obstacle and problem for them. The researcher uses in this thesis, the descriptive analyses qualitative method. It is renamed by "descriptive" because the researcher will describe the errors that was taken from Arabic writing during teac

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Forghani, M., A. L. Firstkov, M. M. Alyannezhadi, D. M. Danilenko, and A. B. Komissarov. "Reduced amino acid alphabet-based encoding and its impact on modeling influenza antigenic evolution." Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity 12, no. 5 (2022): 837–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.15789/2220-7619-raa-1968.

Full text

Abstract:

Currently, vaccination is one of the most efficient ways to control and prevent influenza infection. Vaccine production largely relies on the results of laboratory assays, including hemagglutination inhibition and microneutralization assays, which are time-consuming and laborious. Viruses can escape from the immune response that results in the need to revise and update vaccines biannually. The hemagglutination inhibition assay can measure how effectively antibodies against a reference strain bind and block an antigen of the test strain. Various computer-aided models have been developed to opti

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Chrobak, Marek, and Wojciech Rytter. "Unique Decipherability for Partially Commutative Alphabets." Fundamenta Informaticae 10, no. 3 (1987): 323–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/fi-1987-10305.

Full text

Abstract:

We consider the unique decipherability problem for partially commutative alphabets. It is shown that the decidability of the problem depends heavily on the size of the alphabet and the structure of the graph of the commutativity relation. In particular, for alphabets with at most three letters the problem is decidable and for alphabets of bigger size the problem is undecidable.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!