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Journal articles on the topic 'Antenna interference'
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1
Sanad, Mohamed, and Noha Hassan. "Low-Interference Dual Resonant Antenna Configurations for Multistandard Multifunction Handsets and Portable Computers." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2012 (2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/407973.
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Low-interference dual resonant antenna configurations are developed for multistandard multifunction mobile handsets and portable computers. Only two wideband resonant antennas can cover most of the important wireless applications in portable communication equipment. The frequency bands of the dual antenna configuration can be adjusted according to the wireless applications that are required to be covered. The bandwidth that can be covered by each antenna is about 80% without using matching or tuning circuits. Three sample dual antenna configurations with different frequency bands are presented. The interference between the low-band and high-band antennas of these three configurations is investigated, and the ways of reducing this interference are studied. The most effective factor on the interference between the low-band and high-band antennas is their relative orientations. When the low-band and high-band antennas of each configuration are perpendicular to each other, the isolation between them significantly increases. This eliminates the need for any special tools or techniques to suppress the mutual coupling between them. The new antennas have very small cross-sectional areas, and they are made of a flexible material. They do not require any additional components or ground planes. They can be used as internal, external, or partially internal and partially external antennas.
2
Zhao, Qiang, Shi Rui Peng, Bing Qie Wang, and Chang Wen Zheng. "Electromagnetism Compatibility Design of an Interference Antenna." Advanced Materials Research 588-589 (November 2012): 906–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.588-589.906.
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Aiming at electromagnetism efficiency evaluation of large ground interference antenna is complex, the paper proposes to model and simulate it by FEKO and then the radiation pattern of the antenna can be obtained. The simulation result is conform to the fact. In view of the large power of the vice and back orientation of antenna from the simulation, adopt the method of installing electromagnetism shield wall to solve. Through the simulation shows the efficiency of electromagnetism shield wall in improving antenna’s electromagnetism compatibility.
3
Dawidowicz, Karol, and Radosław Baryła. "GNSS Antenna Caused Near-Field Interference Effect in Precise Point Positioning Results." Artificial Satellites 52, no. 2 (June 1, 2017): 27–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/arsa-2017-0004.
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Abstract Results of long-term static GNSS observation processing adjustment prove that the often assumed “averaging multipath effect due to extended observation periods” does not actually apply. It is instead visible a bias that falsifies the coordinate estimation. The comparisons between the height difference measured with a geometrical precise leveling and the height difference provided by GNSS clearly verify the impact of the near-field multipath effect. The aim of this paper is analysis the near-field interference effect with respect to the coordinate domain. We demonstrate that the way of antennas mounting during observation campaign (distance from nearest antennas) can cause visible changes in pseudo-kinematic precise point positioning results. GNSS measured height differences comparison revealed that bias of up to 3 mm can be noticed in Up component when some object (additional GNSS antenna) was placed in radiating near-field region of measuring antenna. Additionally, for both processing scenario (GPS and GPS/GLONASS) the scattering of results clearly increased when additional antenna crosses radiating near-field region of measuring antenna. It is especially true for big choke ring antennas. In short session (15, 30 min.) the standard deviation was about twice bigger in comparison to scenario without additional antenna. When we used typical surveying antennas (short near-field region radius) the effect is almost invisible. In this case it can be observed the standard deviation increase of about 20%. On the other hand we found that surveying antennas are generally characterized by lower accuracy than choke ring antennas. The standard deviation obtained on point with this type of antenna was bigger in all processing scenarios (in comparison to standard deviation obtained on point with choke ring antenna).
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Parshina, E. S., and K. Yu Cheredeev. "USE OF AN ACTIVE PHASED ARRAY ANTENNA IN RADAR’S SIDE LOBES CANCELLATION SYSTEM." Issues of radio electronics, no. 1 (January 20, 2019): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21778/2218-5453-2019-1-19-23.
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The paper describes an example of designing the radar’s side lobes cancellation system. It is based on the scheme of one channel interference canceler. The analysis of the antennas, which are ussually used in radar’s side lobes cancellation systems, is done, and active phased array antenna is chosen as an antenna of the radar’s side lobes cancellation system. The array pattern was formed by using antenna synthesis iterative method in order to fulfill the radar’s side lobes cancellation system’s antenna requirements. The antenna modeling results and its’ analysis are presented. The radar’s side lobes cancellation system with active phased array antenna eliminates intentional noise or impulse interference from any side lobe directions of the radar antenna.
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Caizzone, Stefano, Georg Buchner, Mihaela-Simona Circiu, Manuel Cuntz, Wahid Elmarissi, and Emilio Pérez Marcos. "A Miniaturized Multiband Antenna Array for Robust Navigation in Aerial Applications." Sensors 19, no. 10 (May 16, 2019): 2258. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19102258.
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Satellite navigation is more and more important in a plethora of very different application fields, ranging from bank transactions to shipping, from autonomous driving to aerial applications, such as avionics as well as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Due to the increasing dependency on satellite navigation, the need for robust systems able to counteract unintentional or intentional interferences is growing. When considering interference-robust designs; however, the complexity increases. Top performance is obtained through the use of multi-antenna receivers capable of performing spatial nulling in the direction of the interference signals. In particular, mobile applications (aeronautics, UAVs, automotive) have a substantial interest in robust navigation, but they also have the strongest constraints on the weight and available places for installation, with the use of bigger and heavier systems posing a substantial problem. In order to overcome this limitation, the present work shows a miniaturized five element (4+1) antenna array, which operates at the L1/E1 band (with array capability), as well as at the L5/E5 band (as a single antenna). The proposed antenna array is able to fit into a 3.5-inch footprint, i.e., is compliant with the most widespread footprints for single antennas. Moreover, it is capable of multiband operation and meets the requirements of dual-frequency multi-constellation (DFMC) systems. Thanks to its extreme miniaturization and its compliance with current airborne single antenna footprints, the presented antenna array is suitable for easy integration in future aerial platforms, while enabling robustness and enhancing interference mitigation techniques using multi-antenna processing.
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Khan, Muhammad Irshad, Muhammad Anab, Muhammad Kabir Khan, Saeed Ur Rahman, and Aamir Sultan. "A Survey on Beam Steering Techniques in Printed Antennas." International Journal of Recent Contributions from Engineering, Science & IT (iJES) 9, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijes.v9i2.21691.
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<span>Beam steering antennas is essential part of various WCN (Wireless Communication Networks) such as radar and satellite communication. The increasing demand of high data rate, high SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio) and high gain, therefore pattern reconfigurable antennas are required to improve such properties. </span><span>Beam steering is the technique of changing the main lobe direction of radiation. The constructive and distractive interference are used to steer the lobe in specific direction. Beam steering is necessary in various communications such as localization, satellite, tracking system and airborne application.</span><span> Beam steering antenna decreases interference and power consumption and also increases directivity and gain. Beam steering antenna transmit and receive signals in specific direction. </span><span>Beam steering antenna decreases interference and power consumption and also increases directivity and gain. The researchers are interested to find optimal beam steering solution for single and multi-point application. </span><span>In past various techniques are used to achieve beam reconfigurable antennas. This paper presents, beam steering principle and their theory, beam steering techniques such as; Mechanical Steering, Beamforming, Switching Pin Diodes, Reflector and array antenna (Reflectarray), Parasitic Steering, Phase Shifters, Switched Beam Antennas, Metamaterial Antennas, Traveling Wave Antennas, Retro-directive Antennas, Integrated Lens Antennas (ILAS), merits and demerits and comparison among various techniques.</span>
7
Choi, Hyun-Ho. "On the Degrees of Freedom of Interference Alignment for Multicell MIMO Interfering Broadcast Channels." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/827357.
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The interference alignment (IA) is a promising technique to efficiently mitigate interference and to enhance capacity of a wireless network. This paper proposes an interference alignment scheme for a cellular network withLcells andKusers under a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) Gaussian interfering broadcast channel (IFBC) scenario. The proposed IA scheme aligns intercell interferences (ICI) into a small dimensional subspace through a cooperative receive beamforming and cancels both the ICI and interuser interferences (IUI) simultaneously through a transmit beamforming. We characterize the feasibility condition for the proposed IA to achieve a total number of degrees of freedom (DoF) ofLKin terms of the numbers of transmit antennas and receive antennas. Then we derive the maximum number of DoF achieved by the proposed IA by finding an optimal dimension of ICI alignment subspace for a given antenna configuration. The numerical results show that the proposed IA scheme has a better DoF performance than the conventional schemes.
8
Javor, V. "Electromagnetic Interference between Cranes and Broadcasting Antennas." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2015 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/452962.
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An interesting phenomenon was noticed in some cases by workers operating with cranes in electromagnetic field of broadcasting antennas. They experienced electrical shock or burning pain at distances of kilometers away from powerful transmitters because cranes act as unintentional receiving antennas. The solution to this problem depends on dimensions and positioning of the crane structure, electromagnetic field strength at the site, frequency, and directional characteristic of the transmitting antenna. Electromagnetic interference between such structures is analyzed in this paper. Computational results for the induced currents and voltages in crane, treated as wire antenna problem, are determined using integrodifferential equations for the current along conductive structure, satisfying boundary condition for the electric field. Point matching method as the Method of Moments (MoM) is applied for solving these equations and polynomial approximation of the current is used. Results are presented for different crane structures and possible solutions to this problem are given.
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Mathew, Jestin John, Nitish HS, Dr Jayavrinda V. V, and Dr Raghunandan S. "Implementation of Beam Steering using Phased Array Antennas." International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology 5, no. 6 (July 9, 2020): 1006–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt20jun716.
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Beam steering is a phenomenon of varying the direction of the main lobe in the radiation pattern, so in radar systems it can be achieved by changing the relative phases of the antenna being implemented.But,some of the setbacks of implementing beam steering in mechanical antennas like microstrip antenna is that the directivity and, gain is low,and interference is very high.Whereas,in our project we have implemented beam steering using phased array antennas which has produced better results.So,an phased array antenna is electronically scanned antenna ,which produces a beam of radio waves that can be steered to different points based on our requirements by keeping the antenna stationary.Also,these type of antennas require less maintenance as compared to mechanical antennas
10
Sun, Kai, Fei Biao Li, and Ye Qing Sun. "Capacity Analysis for Multiple Antennas Network in Spectrum Sharing System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 543-547 (March 2014): 2575–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.543-547.2575.
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In this paper, we consider a system where a secondary base station (SBS) with K antennas utilizes the licensed spectrum of a single primary user (PU) to send information to N secondary users (SUs). Each SU and PU is equipped with one antenna, respectively. The SBS selects only one antenna out of the K antennas by using maximum signal power to leak interference power ratio strategy (SLIR). Using asymptotic analysis, we first derive the average capacity of the best user scheme, with perfect channel state information from the SBS to the PU (interference CSI) available at the SBS. Due to limited cooperation between the SBS and the PU, perfect interference CSI is not always available at the SBS. Then, we characterize their capacity loss in the case that perfect interference CSI is not always available at the SBS.
11
YOSHIOKA, HIROSHI, YUSHI SHIRATO, KAZUJI WATANABE, KEISUKE NAKANO, and MASAKAZU SENGOKU. "MLD INTERFERENCE CANCELER FOR M-ARRAY QAM SIGNALS APPLIED TO FWA SYSTEMS." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 18, no. 04 (June 2009): 713–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126609005216.
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We propose a maximum likelihood detection (MLD) interference canceler applied to fixed wireless access (FWA) systems. There are two major degradation factors associated with a conventional MLD canceler. One is the decision error caused by constellation ambiguity when distinguishing between desired and interference signal components for M-array QAM signals. The novelty of our interference canceler is its use of our antenna switching technique to reduce constellation ambiguity. The phase difference between the desired and interference signals received by the main and sub antennas depends on the path gap between desired and interference signal transmitters to the two receiving antennas. Cancelation performance is improved by using the phase difference that maximizes the separation of the received signal points. Two key points of the proposed technique are the path gap and the threshold for antenna switching. The second degradation factor is the degradation in interference signal replica accuracy caused by the phase rotation of the interference signals. An automatic phase control (APC) circuit estimates and compensates for this phase rotation, enabling the interference canceler with APC to achieve excellent bit error rate (BER) performance. Computer simulations show that our interference canceler improves the BER performance.
12
F. Miswadi, N., and M. T. Ali. "Design of compact reconfigurable UWB antenna with WiMAX and WLAN band rejection." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 17, no. 3 (March 1, 2020): 1427. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v17.i3.pp1427-1433.
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Two reconfigurable UWB antennas with band rejection characteristics are presented in this paper. By applying concept of parasitic element and etching slot in these two proposed antenna design WiMAX and WLAN band rejection are obtained, respectively to avoid potential electromagnetic interference (EMI). The proposed antennas are printed on 30mm x 40 mm Rogers5880 substrate. Furthermore, ideal switches are employed to achieve switchable band rejection UWB antenna.In this paper, two designs of reconfigurable UWB antenna with band rejection were proposed; namely a reconfigurable UWB antenna with WiMAX band rejection (Antenna 1), reconfigurable UWB antenna with WLAN band rejection (Antenna 2). The proposed antennas were successfully simulated, fabricated and measured. The Antenna 1 have impedance bandwidth from 2.99 GHz to 10.58 GHz with band rejection at 3.52GHz by utilizing C-shaped parasitic stripline. Meanwhile, Antenna 2 achieved an operating bandwidth from 2.99 – 10.82GHz with VSWR less than 2 except for the WLAN band operating at 4.92 – 5.84 GHz.The measured results for both antennas show good agreement with simulated ones.
13
Lei, Guoping, Hongliang He, Ke Xiao, and Minlu Dai. "Analysis and Research on the Structure Selection of BeiDou Navigation Array Antenna Based on Optimized PI Algorithm." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 34, no. 02 (June 19, 2019): 2058002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001420580021.
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To overcome the disadvantages of the traditional power inversion algorithm, which has obvious suppression effect on strong interference signals but unobvious effect on suppression of weak interference signals, a matrix decomposition method is proposed to extract the interference sub-matrix and noise sub-matrix, so that the power inversion algorithm can be adopted to weaken and filter out the signals in the case of weak interference. Through the optimized power inversion algorithm, the interference signal can be weakened obviously at the antenna receiving end, and the quality of the effective signal received by the antenna can be improved significantly. Afterwards, the algorithm was used to carry out MATLAB simulation in space based on the anti-jamming performance of different array models, which determined the anti-jamming antenna array structure as a uniform matrix and optimized the array structure. The simulation results show that the optimized power inversion algorithm can filter strong and weak interference better, and the anti-jamming performance is better under different array models and two kinds of interferences. Through comparative analysis, it is concluded that the four elements have the best interference suppression effect in uniform circular array structure, which provides an important reference for the selection of antenna array in adaptive interference suppression hardware structure. At the same time, the BeiDou four-element adaptive circular array antenna, as an important part of intelligent geological disaster monitoring and early warning system, has good anti-jamming ability.
14
Fokin, G. "Evaluation of Interference in Ultra-Dense 5G Radio Access Networks with Beamforming." Telecom IT 8, no. 4 (December 23, 2020): 35–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.31854/2307-1303-2020-8-4-35-59.
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In this paper, we investigate the dependence of the level of intersystem interference
on the beam width of the adaptively formed antenna radiation pattern and the territorial separation of neighboring devices in ultra-dense 5G radio access networks. The results of simulation modeling of a radio access network based on 19 base stations with the parameterization of the antenna array gain by the width of the radiation pattern in the horizontal plane show that when the base station beam is di-rected to the user device and narrowed from 360° to 5°, the level of intrasystem interference decreases by 15 dB compared with the case of omnidirectional antennas. The results of simulation
of a radio access network based on 19 three-sector base stations with planar antenna arrays
of 64 elements illustrate a significant reduction in the level of interference in comparison with the case of omnidirectional antennas and, in order to obtain zones of a positive signal-to-noise ratio, confirm the need for a territorial separation of neighboring devices by 10–20 % of the range of radio coverage.
15
He, Di, and Yunlv Hong. "An Improved Tabu Search Algorithm Based on Grid Search Used in the Antenna Parameters Optimization." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/947021.
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In the mobile system covering big areas, many small cells are often used. And the base antenna’s azimuth angle, vertical down angle, and transmit power are the most important parameters to affect the coverage of an antenna. This paper makes mathematical model and analyzes different algorithm’s performance in model. Finally we propose an improved Tabu search algorithm based on grid search, to get the best parameters of antennas, which can maximize the coverage area and minimize the interference.
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Nyangwarimam Obadiah, Ali, Mohamad Rijal Hamid, Mohamad Kamal Abd Rahim, and Noor Asniza Murad. "A Review on Filter-Antennas." Applied Mechanics and Materials 735 (February 2015): 289–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.735.289.
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A review on the recent advancements made on filtennas are presented in this paper. RF fronts ends continue to generate a lot of research attention in communication systems due to the effect it has on the overall bit error rate and SNR. Issues such as compactness, interference and noise are addressed by embedding the bandpass filter into the antenna to form a filtenna. Designing a filtering antenna has its own challenges also. Various techniques (synthesis approach, T shaped resonator or slots.) are being used to design filtennas in order to achieve “weak coupling between the feed and the radiating structure” hence yielding better selectivity. The filter-antenna gain results compared to that of the conventional antennas show better rejection of the out of band gain. This helps reduce interference with adjacent frequency band. This paper presents a review of the techniques, challenges faced and potential research trend in filtering antennas.
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Khaled, Adel, Sally Hassaneen, Salah ElAgooz, and Heba Soliman. "Interference mitigation using antenna selection for the heterogeneous networks." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 10, no. 2 (April 1, 2021): 801–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/eei.v10i2.2240.
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A rapid increase in the wireless internet-based applications led to an enormous increase in wireless data rates. Intensification of future wireless networks faces a great challenge to meet such growing demand for payload data. A suggested solution that can be used to resolve this issue is to overlay small cell networks with macro cell networks to provide higher network capacity and better coverage. Small cell networks experience large interference from macro cell base stations (BSs) making data rates received by the small cell users not reliably. In this paper, an antenna selection scheme based on small cell user’s (SCU) channel gain is proposed. Whereas, the two tiers use the same network bandwidth resources; the macro BS selects a subset of antennas which has a minimum interfering effect to the SCU based on a pilot sent from SCU to macro cell. The proposed selection scheme has been compared with convex optimization antenna selection scheme. Simulation results show that the SCU data rates are significantly improved using proposed scheme. Execution time required for antenna selection is reduced significantly using the proposed scheme.
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He, Chao, Zhi-dong Xie, Dong-ming Bian, and Xi-jian Zhong. "Study of interference localization using single satellite based on signal strength distribution in multi-beam antenna for satellite communications system." International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 14, no. 5 (May 2018): 155014771877401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1550147718774015.
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Large onboard antennas with multi-beams are used almost in all the Geostationary Earth Orbit satellite communications systems, which are always disturbed by jams and inferences. However, there are lots of factors restricting interference localization in satellite communications system because the system is not designed for location-oriented. This article makes use of the characteristic that each spot beam of multi-beams antenna has different gain at the position of interference, establishes the localization equations set by using the ground projection model of multi-beams antenna pattern, and gives two methods of solving equations. Thus, it proposes interference localization algorithm using single satellite, based on antenna gain and the distribution of signal strength in multi-beam space. Because of not depending on extra onboard equipments and other facilities, it has no effect on the construction and operation of satellite communications system. From the results of analyses and simulations, the localization precision can satisfy the general practical requirement. The algorithm could be used in checking the interference of the system, decision supporting of anti-jamming, and improving operation and management of the system.
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Guo, Linyan, Ming Deng, Qisheng Zhang, Xinyue Zhang, and Zhenzhong Yuan. "Dual-Polarized On-Chip Antenna for 300 GHz Full-Duplex Communication System." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2017 (2017): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/2837629.
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This paper presents a novel design of compact orthogonally polarized on-chip antenna to realize 300 GHz full-duplex communication system with high isolation. It consists of a dipole antenna for horizontal polarization and a disk-loaded monopole antenna for vertical polarization. They are in good cross-polarization state with more than 90 dB of self-interference suppression and then can be used to achieve good isolation between transmitting and receiving antennas. In addition, two dual-polarized antennas have been adopted in two separated transceivers to study their isolation performance. Furthermore, this compact antenna only occupies an active area of 390 μm × 300 μm × 78 μm and can be used for multiple-input multiple-output application as well.
20
Prathyusha, Pippirada. "Design of Wideband Antenna for Millimeter Waves Using HFSS." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VI (June 20, 2021): 1403–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.35133.
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This paper reviews the objectives and requirements of wideband antenna for millimeter-wave applications using HFSS software (Ansys HFSS V.15.0). In modern era, all wireless devices are multipurpose and versatile, so this requires a wideband antenna to perform different tasks. Microstrip patch antennas are enhancing the performance of communication systems. Patch antennas are becoming more common these days because to their low profile and small weight, making them simple to build. The antenna and propagation issues are further complicated by need for more power, wider bandwidth, stronger gain, and insensitivity to the presence of human users. To provide dependable and interference-free communications and for high-performance millimeter-wave devices need efficient low-profile antennas.
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Michler, O. "Outdoor radiolinks for 2.4 GHz-frequencies: measurement results and experiences within the radio communication network “Intermobil Region Dresden"." Advances in Radio Science 1 (May 5, 2003): 301–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ars-1-301-2003.
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Abstract. The radio communication network “Intermobil Region Dresden" was developed and built up for data transmission of traffic videos and other traffic data. It uses Pointto- Point (PtP) and Point-to-Multipoint (PtM) bridges, forming the backbone structure. The traffic camera radio clients link up with Accesspoints, installed at the nodal points of the backbone. This paper analyses the physical and technical conditions, building up such radio communication networks. The radio channel properties (e.g. total path loss, multipath propagation) and the technical parameters (e.g. transmission power, sensitivity, antenna gain) belong to this conditions. Based on calculation and spreading measurements it is shown, that reserves have to be considered during the planning already. As well special problems, like Fresnel-zone clearance and shadowing are discussed. The choice of the antenna plays a key role for planning and building of wireless networks. It determines decisively the range and gives an important contribution to elimination of wireless disturbances (interferences). Dependent on topological facts, installation environment and wireless distance omnidirectional-, yagi-, patch- and parabol-antennas are used. Based on antenna measurements the paper discusses the use and property of decoupling. WLANs are working in the license free 2.4 GHz-band. The number of radio systems in this band increases permanently, which leads to a lot of interferences among each other. The paper makes a classification of possible interference sources and discusses their influence on transmission quality. Technical solutions are shown for increase interference robustness.
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Lu, Zukun, Feiqiang Chen, Yuchen Xie, Yifan Sun, and Hongliang Cai. "High Precision Pseudo-Range Measurement in GNSS Anti-Jamming Antenna Array Processing." Electronics 9, no. 3 (February 29, 2020): 412. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9030412.
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Radio frequency interference has become a rising problem to the signal of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). An effective way to achieve anti-jamming is by using an antenna array in GNSS signal processing. However, antenna array processing will cause a decline in the accuracy of pseudo-range measurements because of the channel mismatch and some other non-ideal factors. To solve this problem, space–time or space–frequency adaptive array processing is widely used for interference cancellation while constraining the delay of each antenna at the same time. In this paper, an anti-jamming algorithm with a time-delay constraint is proposed, where one antenna is chosen as the reference and data from other antennas is corrected based on the signal received from it. The deduction and simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively improve the accuracy of pseudo-range measurements without degradation of anti-jamming performance.
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Yordanov, Hristomir, and Peter Russer. "Integrated on-chip antennas for communication on and between monolithic integrated circuits." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 1, no. 4 (June 29, 2009): 309–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078709990407.
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The rate of signal transmission on or between monolithic integrated circuits is limited by the cross-talk and the dispersion due to the wired interconnects. The bandwidth limitations can be overcome by wireless chip-to-chip and on-chip interconnects via integrated antennas. In this work the utilization of the electronic circuit ground planes as radiating elements for the integrated antennas has been proposed. This allows for optimal usage of chip area, as the antennas share the same metallization structure as the circuits. By exciting the interconnects between the patch areas in transmission line modes as well as in antenna modes, the interference between signals from circuit to circuit and antenna excitation signals is minimized. This has been achieved by inserting a transformer in the antenna feeding network. Examples of possible antenna and feeding structures have been investigated numerically. Scaled prototypes of the integrated antennas have been manufactured and measured.
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Nawaz, Haq, Nosherwan Shoaib, Ahmad Umar Niazi, and Shabbir Majeed Chaudhry. "A Compact, Bistatic Antenna System with Very High Interport Isolation for 2.4 GHz In-Band Full Duplex Applications." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2021 (January 16, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8855726.
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This paper presents a compact, dual polarized bistatic (two closely spaced transmit and receive radiators) patch antenna with excellent interport isolation performance. The presented antenna system employs differential receive mode operation for the cancellation of self-interference (SI) to achieve very high interport isolation for 2.4 GHz in-band full duplex (IBFD) applications. The presented antenna is based on two closely spaced radiators and a simple 3 dB/180° coupler for differentially excited receive mode operation. The 3 dB/180° coupler performs as a passive self-interference cancellation (SIC) circuit for the presented antenna. The small form-factor structure is realized through via interconnections between the receiving patch and SIC circuit. The prototype of the presented antenna characterizes better than 105 dB peak interport isolation. Moreover, the recorded interport isolation is more than 90 dB and 95 dB within 60 MHz and 40 MHz bandwidths, respectively. The measured gain and cross-polarization levels reflect superior radiation performance for the validation model of the proposed antenna. The presented antenna offers DC interport isolation too, which is required for active antenna applications. The novelty of this work is a compact (small form-factor) antenna structure with very high peak interport isolation along with wider SIC bandwidth as compared to previously reported antennas for full duplex applications.
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Mescia, L., O. Losito, V. Castrovilla, P. Bia, and F. Prudenzano. "Antenna Calibration Methods for Antenna Factor Measurements." International Journal of Measurement Technologies and Instrumentation Engineering 2, no. 4 (October 2012): 43–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijmtie.2012100104.
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In the fields of electromagnetic interference and electromagnetic compatibility, it is important to measure the strength of the electric field originating from electric devices. For this purpose, knowledge of the antenna factor of a receiving antenna is necessary. According to international standards, the accurate measurement of the antenna factor involves the use of calibration test sites characterized by very large sizes of both the ground plane and the empty space volume above it. As a consequence, these setup conditions make the antenna factor measurements quite expensive for the customer. In this paper, the authors discuss the well know antenna-based and site-based methods as well as recently measurement method called Antenna Impedance Method as able to obtain the free-space antenna factor. Moreover, the authors investigate on the suitability of semi-anechoic chamber for reliable antenna factor calibrations. In particular, the experimental measurements of the antenna factor obtained by using the antenna impedance method were compared with Standard Field Method and the data provided by the manufacturer of three antennas (Biconical, Log-periodic and Horn antenna) founding an agreement with the international standard ANSI C63.5-2006.
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Sheikh, Tasher Ali, Joyatri Bora, and Md Anwar Hussain. "Combined User and Antenna Selection in Massive MIMO Using Precoding Technique." International Journal of Sensors, Wireless Communications and Control 9, no. 2 (October 25, 2019): 214–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2210327908666181112144939.
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Background and Objectives: We propose here joint semi-orthogonal user selection and antenna selection algorithm based on precoding scheme. Methods: The focus of this proposed algorithm is to increase the system sumrate and decrease the complexity. We select and schedule users from a large number of users based on semi-orthogonality condition among them. Here, we select only the maximum channel gain antennas to maximize the system sumrate. Subsequently, the user selection and antenna selection have been scheduled in an adequate manner in order to obtain maximum system sumrate. We calculate the system sumrate for two scenarios: firstly, by considering the interference and secondly without considering the interference. We achieve maximum system sumrate at MMSE and lowest at without precoding while considering the interference. However, when we do not consider the interference we obtain lowest sumrate at MMSE and maximum at without precoding. Results and Conclusion: Here, we apply the precoding scheme to increase the system sumrate and we obtain approximately 20% to 35% higher system sumrate compared to without precoding, when interference is considered. Thus, we achieve higher sumrate in our proposed algorithms compared to other existing work.
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Li, Jie, Shuang Zhi Li, Xiao Min Mu, and Jian Kang Zhang. "Joint Transmit Antenna Selection and User Selection in Cognitive Radio MIMO Systems." Applied Mechanics and Materials 548-549 (April 2014): 1355–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.548-549.1355.
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Using multiple antennas in coexisting radio systems can cancel or control the co-channel interference and hence improves the overall spectrum efficiency. However, the hardware complexity and costs limit the usage of multiple-antenna technology. Antenna selection may reduce such costs while partly remaining the advantage of the multiple-antenna technology. In this paper, a fixed power cognitive radio system model jointly combined with antenna selection and users selection is set up. And the mathematical closed-form expressions of the channel capacity and bit error rate (BER) are obtained through mathematical derivation. Simulation verifies the correctness of theoretical results and shows that the system exists an optimal transmit power which optimizes the system performance. Furthermore, the influences of users number and antennas number on the system performance have been studied.
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Lee, Heekwon, Soojung Ryu, Seungbae Lee, SoYoung Kim, and Wansoo Nah. "Electromagnetic Field Interference on Transmission Lines due to On-Board Antenna." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2015 (2015): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/104506.
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As the available space in the board of a mobile device becomes smaller and more compact, circuit elements and transmission lines are arranged in very close proximity, especially from the antennas which are usually installed on the same board. Due to the various on-board antennas which are designed in small space, the transmission lines on the board are electromagnetically interfered, resulting in the performance degradation of the circuit. So the engineers and circuit designers should find the least interfered place for the transmission lines and components to minimize the electromagnetic interferences. This paper discusses and presents a methodology to find the least sensitive position in the induced current distribution as well as in the noise power delivered from the antenna. For this purpose some vertical, horizontal, and bent transmission lines with antenna on the same board are designed and fabricated with and without common ground, and the transferred powers to the transmission lines were measured and were also simulated using a full-wave simulator. The results predicted by the EM simulation model were successfully confirmed through the measurement ofS-parameters in the experimental setup, which shows the validness of the suggested analysis method.
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Magro, V. I., and V. M. Morozov. "Investigation of the method of improving the interference protection of axisymmetric antennas in the anterior semispace." Journal of Physics and Electronics 27, no. 1 (October 17, 2019): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/331914.
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The method of improving the interference protection of axisymmetric antennas is considered. An experimental study of the focusing properties of a zonal antenna is carried out in this work. Such a zonal antenna acts as a shading screen and is located in the aperture of an axisymmetric antenna. The combination of a shading screen with an axisymmetric antenna can significantly reduce the level of side lobes in the anterior semi-space, and as a result, significantly improve the immunity of the antenna system. A zonal antenna for 40 GHz frequency is manufactured. The field distribution along the axis of symmetry for different numbers of rings in the antenna is experimentally investigated. The number of rings varied from 1 to 5. The focusing properties of the zonal antenna are studied at the change of operating frequency. The position of the focus is investigated when the working frequency changes in relation to the calculated frequency. It is established that the experimentally found focal point does not coincide with the focal point found by geometric optics. For a zonal antenna with three rings, the difference between the experimentally found focus and the focus found by the law of geometric optics is 0.1%. The distribution of the field in planes perpendicular to the focal line is investigated. It is established that an increase in the number of rings in a zonal antenna to more than five leads to diffraction effects which impair the focusing properties of the zonal antenna. At the same time there is a "deliquescence" of the wave beam in the focus. These studies allow us to determine the boundaries of the working frequency of a complex antenna system.
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Mistry, Keyur K., Pavlos I. Lazaridis, Zaharias D. Zaharis, Ioannis P. Chochliouros, Tian Hong Loh, Ioannis P. Gravas, and David Cheadle. "Optimization of Log-Periodic TV Reception Antenna with UHF Mobile Communications Band Rejection." Electronics 9, no. 11 (November 3, 2020): 1830. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9111830.
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The coexistence of TV broadcasting and mobile services causes interference that leads to poor quality-of-service for TV consumers. Solutions usually found in the market involve external band-stop filters along with TV reception log-periodic and Yagi-Uda antennas. This paper presents a log-periodic antenna design without additional filtering that serves as a lower cost alternative to avoid interference from mobile services into the UHF TV. The proposed antenna operates in the UHF TV band (470–790 MHz-passband) and rejects the 800 MHz and 900 MHz bands (stopband) of 4G/LTE-800 and GSM900 services, respectively. Matching to 50 Ohms is very satisfactory in the passband with values of S11 below −12 dB. Furthermore, the antenna is highly directive with a realized gain of approximately 8 dBi and a front-to-back ratio greater than 20 dB.
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Bechta, Kamil, Jan M. Kelner, Cezary Ziółkowski, and Leszek Nowosielski. "Inter-Beam Co-Channel Downlink and Uplink Interference for 5G New Radio in mm-Wave Bands." Sensors 21, no. 3 (January 25, 2021): 793. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21030793.
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This paper presents a methodology for assessing co-channel interference that arises in multi-beam transmitting and receiving antennas used in fifth-generation (5G) systems. This evaluation is essential for minimizing spectral resources, which allows for using the same frequency bands in angularly separated antenna beams of a 5G-based station (gNodeB). In the developed methodology, a multi-ellipsoidal propagation model (MPM) provides a mapping of the multipath propagation phenomenon and considers the directivity of antenna beams. To demonstrate the designation procedure of interference level we use simulation tests. For exemplary scenarios in downlink and uplink, we showed changes in a signal-to-interference ratio versus a separation angle between the serving (useful) and interfering beams and the distance between the gNodeB and user equipment. This evaluation is the basis for determining the minimum separation angle for which an acceptable interference level is ensured. The analysis was carried out for the lower millimeter-wave band, which is planned to use in 5G micro-cells base stations.
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DARLIS, ARSYAD RAMADHAN. "Perancangan dan Implementasi Sistem Remote Tilting Antenna untuk Aplikasi Base Station." ELKOMIKA: Jurnal Teknik Energi Elektrik, Teknik Telekomunikasi, & Teknik Elektronika 1, no. 2 (July 1, 2013): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.26760/elkomika.v1i2.93.
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ABSTRAKPada kondisi pembangunan suatu jaringan seluler baru, permasalahan coverage area terkadang perlu penanganan khusus. Jika coverage area dari suatu base station terlalu besar maka dapat mengakibatkan saling tumpang tindih (overlap) dengan sel yang berdekatan. Hal ini akan meningkatkan interferensi daya antar sel, yang kemudian berakibat pada penurunan kualitas layanan. Salah satu bentuk solusi untuk dapat memenuhi persyaratan coverage area, kinerja jaringan seluler, dan juga memenuhi tingkat keselamatan engineer adalah dengan menggunakan metoda down tilting antenna melalui wireless. Penetapan metoda down tilting antenna dilakukan dengan membuat suatu peralatan yang dapat menggerakkan posisi antenna pada base station. Perangkat yang diimplementasikan terdiri atas Transmitter, Receiver, Motor DC, Driver Motor, Logam Pengait, dan Antena. Sinyal yang berfungsi sebagai pengendali masuk ke Transmitter dan selanjutnya diolah oleh Receiver. Sinyal keluaran dari Receiver digunakan untuk mengendalikan motor DC melalui driver motor yang mengendalikan pergerakan dari Antenna Base Station. Pada penelitian ini, sistem telah dapat diuji memalui pergerakan antenna sampai dengan jarak 10 m. Tingkat kemiringan antena dibandingkan dengan pergeseran logam berkait menunjukan hasil yang linear. Setiap pergeseran 0,5 cm akan menyebabkan perubahan kemiringan antenna sebesar 1 derajat. Kata kunci: Remote Tilting, Motor DC, Transmitter, Receiver, Base StationABSTRACTOn the state of development of a new mobile network, problem coverage area sometimes need special handling. If the coverage area of a Base Station is too big then it may lead to overlap ( overlap ) with adjacent cells. This will improve inter- cell interference power, which then resulted in a decrease in the quality of service. One form of solutions to meet the requirements of the coverage area, the performance of cellular networks, and also meet the level of safety engineers is to use the method of tilting down through a wireless antenna. Determination method of antenna down tilting is done by creating a device that can move the position of the antenna on Base Station. The device is implemented consisting of Transmitter, Receiver, Motor DC Motor Driver, Metal Hook , and Base Station Antennas. Which serves as a signal controlling entry into Transmitter and subsequently processed by the Receiver. The output signal of the receiver is used to control a DC motor through a motor driver that controls the movement of Base Station Antenna. In this study, the system has to be tested memalui antenna movement up to a distance of 10 m. Levels compared to the friction slope antenna hooked metal has showed linear results. Each shift will lead to a change of 0.5 cm by 1 degree slope antenna.Key words: Remote Tilting, DC Motor, Transmitter, Receiver, Base Station
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Krasnok, Alex. "Coherently Driven and Superdirective Antennas." Electronics 8, no. 8 (July 29, 2019): 845. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8080845.
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Antennas are crucial elements for wireless technologies, communications and power transfer across the entire spectrum of electromagnetic waves, including radio, microwaves, THz and optics. In this paper, we review our recent achievements in two promising areas: coherently enhanced wireless power transfer (WPT) and superdirective dielectric antennas. We show that the concept of coherently enhanced WPT allows improvement of the antenna receiving efficiency by coherent excitation of the outcoupling waveguide with a backward propagating guided mode with a specific amplitude and phase. Antennas with the superdirectivity effect can increase the WPT system’s performance in another way, through tailoring of radiation diagram via engineering antenna multipoles excitation and interference of their radiation. We demonstrate a way to achieve the superdirectivity effect via higher-order multipoles excitation in a subwavelength high-index spherical dielectric resonator supporting electric and magnetic Mie multipoles. Thus, both types of antenna discussed here possess a coherent nature and can be used in modern intelligent antenna systems.
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Na, Hyunjong, and Chungyong Lee. "A Self Interference Nulling Filter Using Effective Channel Information for Full Duplex Systems." Wireless Personal Communications 110, no. 3 (September 25, 2019): 1157–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11277-019-06779-z.
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Abstract We propose a spatial domain interference cancelation scheme for full duplex bi-directional communication systems. Although the conventional pre-processing filters, such as null space projection and minimum mean square error (MMSE), can eliminate self interference, they require the spatial dimensions more than the number of receive antennas. However, proposed scheme requires only one spatial dimension regardless of the number of receive antennas, which enables more efficient antenna allocation. Simulation results show that proposed scheme obtains higher achievable rate than the half duplex system and the MMSE filter.
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Hindia, MHD Nour, Faizan Qamar, Talib Abbas, Kaharudin Dimyati, Mohamad Sofian Abu Talip, and Iraj Sadegh Amiri. "Interference cancelation for high-density fifth-generation relaying network using stochastic geometrical approach." International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 15, no. 7 (July 2019): 155014771985587. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1550147719855879.
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In order to resolve the issue of coverage limitation for the future fifth-generation network, deploying a relay node within a cell is one of the most capable and cost-effective solution, which not only enhances the coverage but also improves the spectral efficiency. However, this solution leads to the undesired interferences from nearby base station and relay nodes that affects user’s signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio and can cause the ambiguous received signal at the user end. In this article, we have analyzed a relay-based interference-limited network at millimeter wave frequency and proposed a Poisson point process–based model using a stochastic geometrical approach. The results for the proposed Poisson point process model have been evaluated in terms of success probability, network ergodic capacity, and outage probability, compared with the ideal grid model and conventional multiple-antenna ultra-dense network model. The results proved that the success probability and ergodic capacity for the proposed model are 3.5% and 2.3% higher as compared to the most commonly used model for the high-density network, respectively. Furthermore, the results have been analyzed at different multiple-input-multiple-output antenna configuration, which validates the model in the improvement of overall network performance even for higher number of antennas.
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Chen, Zhikun, Tao Li, Dongliang Peng, and Kang Du. "Two-Dimensional Beampattern Synthesis for Polarized Smart Antenna Array and Its Sparse Array Optimization." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2020 (June 13, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2196049.
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Polarized smart antenna array has attracted considerable interest due to its capacity of matched reception or interference suppression for active sensing systems. Existing literature does not take full advantage of the combination of polarization isolation and smart antennas and only focuses on uniform linear array (ULA). In this paper, an innovative synthesis two-dimensional beampattern method with a null that has cross-polarization for polarized planar arrays is proposed in the first stage. This method aims to further enhance the capability of interference suppression whose optimization problem can be solved by second-order conic programming. In the second stage, a new sparse array-optimized method for the polarized antenna array is proposed to reduce the high cost caused by the planar array that is composed of polarized dipole antennas. Numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the advantages of the proposed approach over state-of-the-art methods.
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Fisher, J. Richard. "Hazards and Future Improvements to HI Surveys." Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia 14, no. 1 (1997): 96–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/as97096.
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AbstractMost radio astronomical observations are affected to some degree by man-made and natural interference. There are a few avoidance techniques that can reduce the impact of interference on the survey, but we must make quite significant advances in the understanding of our antennas and receivers and the interference itself before a substantial improvement can be expected. A major increase in the efficiency of future surveys will likely come from phased-array feeds, which have the potential for much closer beam spacings, greater antenna efficiency, and wider fields of view than current independent-feed arrays.
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Wang, Chao-Chao, Wan-Liang Wang, and Xin-Wei Yao. "Interference and Coverage Modeling for Indoor Terahertz Communications with Beamforming Antennas." Computer Journal 63, no. 10 (July 16, 2020): 1597–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/bxaa083.
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Abstract A general framework to investigate the interference and coverage probability is proposed in this paper for indoor terahertz (THz) communications with beamforming antennas. Due to the multipath effects of THz band (0.1–10 THz), the line of sight and non-line of sight interference from users and access points (APs) (both equipped with beamforming antennas) are separately analyzed based on distance-dependent probability functions. Moreover, to evaluate the effects of obstacles in real applications, a Poisson distribution blockage model is implemented. Moreover, the coverage probability is derived by means of signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR). Numerical results are conducted to present the interference and coverage probability with different parameters, including the indoor area size, SINR threshold, numbers of interfering users and APs and half-power bandwidth of beamforming antenna.
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Patra, Jyoti P., and Poonam Singh. "Improved Signal Detection Techniques for QOSTBC System in Fast Fading Channel." Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology 1 (March 31, 2020): 6–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.26636/jtit.2020.138019.
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Most existing quasi-orthogonal space time Block coding (QO-STBC) schemes have been developed relying on the assumption that the channel is at or remains static during the length of the code word symbol periods to achieve an optimal antenna diversity gain. However, in time-selective fading channels, this assumption does not hold and causes intertransmit-antenna-interferences (ITAI). Therefore, the simple pairwise maximum likelihood decoding scheme is not sufficient to recover original transmitted signals at the receiver side. To avoid the interferences, we have analyzed several signal detection schemes, namely zero forcing (ZF), two-step zero forcing (TS-ZF), minimum mean square error (MMSE), zero forcing - interference cancelation - decision feedback equalizer (ZF-IC-DFE) and minimum mean square error - interference cancelation { decision feedback equalizer (MMSE-IC-DFE). We have proposed two efficient iterative signal detection schemes, namely zero forcing - iterative interference cancelation - zero forcing { decision feedback equalization (ZF-IIC-ZF-DFE) and minimum mean square error - parallel interference cancelation - zero forcing – decision feedback equalization (MMSE-IIC-ZF-DFE). The simulation results show that these two proposed detection schemes significantly outperform all conventional methods for QOSTBC system over time selective channel.
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Hidayat, Arif, Wahyudi Hasbi, Elyas Palantei, and Syafruddin Syarif. "KENDALI SAKELAR EMPAT ANTENNA BERSUSUN UNTUK PENJEJAKAN INTERFERENCE FREKUENSI TTC SATELIT LAPAN (SWITCH CONTROL SYSTEM FOR FOUR ARRAY ANTENNA FOR TRACKING OF LAPAN’S SATELLITE TTC INTERFERENCE FREQUENCY)." Jurnal Teknologi Dirgantara 15, no. 1 (December 14, 2017): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.30536/j.jtd.2017.v15.a2631.
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Telemetry Tracking and Command (TTC) of LAPAN’s satellite use UHF frequency. This frequency is susceptible to interference by an amateur radio transmitter. One method to look for an interference transmitter is Doppler Effect. To get the optimal value of the Doppler shift frequency, it is necessary to have stabilized antenna switch as controller of antenna array. The RF switches controlled by an Arduino board produced 500 Hz Doppler frequency. Other hardwares are Demodulator, clock Arduino Board, and Universal Serial Bus (USB) soundcard as the input for the searching software. The results can be shown using the open access sound Doppler. The system has been able to detect UHF transmitters and repeaters received by the device. For upgrade, the data processing system can be done using Matlab software to easier process and analysis. AbstrakTelemetry Tracking And Command (TTC) satelit LAPAN menggunakan frekuensi UHF. Frekuensi UHF rentan terhadap interference. Salah satu metode mencari pemancar interference menggunakan metode efek Doppler. Untuk mendapat nilai pergeseran frekuensi sesuai efek Doppler yang dibutuhkan, diperlukan sakelar antena yang stabil, yang berfungsi sebagai pengontrol antena array. Rangkaian sakelar RF di kontrol dengan Arduino board menghasilkan Doppler frekuensi 500 Hz. Demodulator, clock Arduino Board dan Soundcard sebagai input software pencari. Hasil outputnya dapat dilihat dengan menggunakan software open akses sounDoppler. Sistem ini mampu mendeteksi pemancar maupun repeater yang diterima oleh perangkat. Upgrade sistem dari penelitian ini adalah proses pengolahan data dapat dilakukan secara mandiri menggunakan software Matlab sehingga lebih mudah untuk diolah dan dianalisis.
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Okorochkov, Aleksandr I., Bogdan B. Malyutin, Mohamed Amine Laouar, and Nadezhda A. Dmitrienko. "Improving the quality of spatial separation of signals in radio communication systems." E3S Web of Conferences 104 (2019): 02005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201910402005.
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The article presents the research results of dependence of the signal-to-interference ratio in the focus area of the reflecting antenna array on its length, as well as the influence of the center displacement of the antenna array of different sizes on the signal-to-interference ratio. The research results show that short-focus reflecting antenna arrays have better characteristics than long-focus ones. By displacing the center of the antenna array, the signal-to-interference ratio can be increased by almost 20 dB.
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Schandy, Javier, Leonardo Steinfeld, Benigno Rodríguez, Juan P. González, and Fernando Silveira. "Enhancing Parasitic Interference Directional Antennas with Multiple Director Elements." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2019 (February 21, 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/7546785.
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The Swedish Institute of Computer Science Parasitic Interference Directional Antenna (SPIDA) is an electrically switched directional antenna that uses switched beamforming techniques to shape the antenna radiation pattern focusing the transmitted power in a given direction, increasing the maximum gain, and simultaneously reducing interference in other directions. This work extends the use of the SPIDA antenna, showing that using multiple director elements results in an improved performance in terms of maximum gain, narrower Half Power Beamwidth (HPBW), and a lower module of the S11 parameter. Measurements show that using three directors improves the maximum gain about 1.4 dB (6.8 dBi for the single director element antenna against 8.2 dBi for the antenna with three directors); the input impedance matching was also improved, obtaining a module of S11 parameter of -9.8 dB at the central frequency (fc = 2.4525 GHz) against -7.5 dB for the antenna with a single director element. Finally, new intermediate directions of transmission can be achieved by using two successive director elements, where the power is focused in the bisectrix of the angle formed by the two directors. This converts a six-sector antenna like the SPIDA into a twelve-sector antenna without changing the hardware.
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Chi, Yao Dan, Sheng Qian Zhang, Hai Long Gu, and Yu Song Mu. "Car GPS Antenna Electromagnetic Compatibility of the Simulation Study." Applied Mechanics and Materials 457-458 (October 2013): 1144–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.457-458.1144.
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With the rapid development of the automotive industry,there will be automotive electrical presence of strong electromagnetic interference problems. he functionality of the car electronics electromagnetic interference problem has become increasingly prominent, car antenna by the degree of interference is particularly serious, people are urgently looking for a car antenna to solve electromagnetic immunity, which Anosft HFSS software GPS antenna modeling and simulation designing The GPS antenna field pattern and 3D simulation of electromagnetic fields effect analysis designed to provide a theoretical basis for the anti-anti-jamming GPS antenna electromagnetic and provides the premise for the future for other electrical equipment, electromagnetic compatibility research.
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Yordanov, Hristomir, and Peter Russer. "Antennas embedded in CMOS integrated circuits." Facta universitatis - series: Electronics and Energetics 23, no. 2 (2010): 169–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fuee1002169y.
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In this work we propose novel integrated antennas for chip-to-chip wireless interconnects. In order to save chip area, the available CMOS circuit ground planes can be used as radiating elements. The interference between the integrated antennas and the on-chip circuit interconnects should be minimised. This can be obtained by introducing a transformer in the antenna feeding network.
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Bai, Bowen, Zheng Zhang, Xiaoping Li, Chao Sun, and Yanming Liu. "Integration of Microstrip Slot Array Antenna with Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells." Sensors 20, no. 21 (November 2, 2020): 6257. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20216257.
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This paper describes the integration of microstrip slot array antennas with dye-sensitized solar cells that can power array antennas at 5.8 GHz, ensuring normal communications. To appraise the antennas, a 2 × 2 circularly polarized microstrip slot array antenna integrated with dye-sensitized solar cells using a stacked design method was analyzed, fabricated and measured. The size of the entire array is 140 mm × 140 mm, where the size of each solar cell is 35 mm × 35 mm. The results show that the effect of the antenna has a slight influence on the output performance of the solar cells, and the interference of the output current of the solar cells to the antenna feeding system is negligible. The gain of the array antenna increases by 0.12 dB and the axial ratio is reduced to 1.50 dB after the integration of dye-sensitized solar cells. The integration saves a lot of space, and has the ability of self-sustaining power generation, thus providing reliable and long-term communication for various communication systems.
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Xie, Yuchen, Zhengrong Li, Feiqiang Chen, Huaming Chen, and Feixue Wang. "The Unbiased Characteristic of Doppler Frequency in GNSS Antenna Array Processing." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2019 (April 24, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5302401.
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The antenna array technology, especially the spaced-time array processing (STAP), is one of the effective methods used in Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers to refrain the power of jamming and enhance the performance of receivers in the circumstance of interference. However, biases induced to the receiver because of many reasons, including characteristic of antennas, front-end channel electronics, and space-time filtering, are extremely harmful to the high precise positioning of receivers. Although plenty of works have been done to calibrate the antenna and to mitigate these biases, achieving a good performance of antijamming, high accuracy, and low complexity at the same time still remains challenging. Different from existing works, this paper leverages the characteristic of GNSS signal’s Doppler frequency in STAP, which is proven to remain unbiased to solve the problem, even when the nonideal antennas are used and the interference circumstance changes. Since the integration of frequency is carrier phase, the unbiased Doppler frequency leads to an accurate estimation of carrier phase which can be used to calibrate the antenna array without extra apparatus or complicating algorithms. Therefore, a simple Doppler-aid strategy may be developed in the future to solve the difficulty of STAP bias mitigation.
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Dudczyk, Janusz, and Adam Kawalec. "Adaptive Forming of the Beam Pattern of Microstrip Antenna with the Use of an Artificial Neural Network." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2012 (2012): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/935073.
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Microstrip antenna has been recently one of the most innovative fields of antenna techniques. The main advantage of such an antenna is the simplicity of its production, little weight, a narrow profile, and easiness of integration of the radiating elements with the net of generators power systems. As a result of using arrays consisting of microstrip antennas; it is possible to decrease the size and weight and also to reduce the costs of components production as well as whole application systems. This paper presents possibilities of using artificial neural networks (ANNs) in the process of forming a beam from radiating complex microstrip antenna. Algorithms which base on artificial neural networks use high parallelism of actions which results in considerable acceleration of the process of forming the antenna pattern. The appropriate selection of learning constants makes it possible to get theoretically a solution which will be close to the real time. This paper presents the training neural network algorithm with the selection of optimal network structure. The analysis above was made in case of following the emission source, setting to zero the pattern of direction of expecting interference, and following emission source compared with two constant interferences. Computer simulation was made in MATLAB environment on the basis of Flex Tool, a programme which creates artificial neural networks.
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Zhang, Chungang, Yongjun Xie, and Legen Dai. "UWB Low-Profile Boat-Radiator Antenna (BRA) with Dual C-Shape Co-Radiative Ground for Multi-Standard Communication Networks." Sensors 20, no. 24 (December 9, 2020): 7051. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20247051.
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Multiple standard communication networks operate in the frequency band of 1.8–6 GHz, which makes lots of antennas available in the limited space. To solve the problem of interference and improve the performance of these antennas, an ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna is presented. It consists of a boat-radiator and a dual C-shape co-radiative ground (DCCRG). One half of the DCCRG plays a role of the ground of a co-planar waveguide fed to the proposed boat-radiator antenna (BRA), while the other half works as a multiple order L-resonant circuit to broaden the lower operating band. Uniform bidirectional radiation is presented with the size of 0.25 λ × 0.375 λ × 0.0063 λ over the frequency band of 1.7–6.3 GHz (115%). The proposed antenna achieves around twice the bandwidth (60%) of the same structured antenna without the structure acting as a multiple order L-resonant circuit. Moreover, the stable boresight gain of 3.6 dBi ± 1.25 dBi is realized over the operating band.
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Dai, Huan Yao, Xue Song Wang, and Yong Zhen Li. "Spatial Virtual Polarization Filter Design for Radar Sensor." Advanced Materials Research 239-242 (May 2011): 768–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.239-242.768.
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As interferences are introduced from main-lobe direction which results in tar-get signal are masked by interference, traditional adaptive beam-forming can not suppress main-lobe interferences effectively. Polarization filtering is a main method to suppress the interference in radar and other sensor systems. Based on the spatial polarization characteristic (SPC) of antenna, a spatial virtual polarization filter (SVPF) is proposed by constructing polarization decomposition and polarization estimation of the received signal. A generalized construction method of SVPF is provided, the performance of the SVPF is given, and simulation results of the interference suppressing are illustrated. It is indicated that the proposed filter is a valid filtering technique for interference canceling. SVPF made single polarized radar own polarization information processing ability which improved radar working performance.
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Gardill, M., G. Fischer, R. Weigel, and A. Koelpin. "Single-element based ultra-wideband antenna array concepts for wireless high-precision 2-D local positioning." Advances in Radio Science 11 (July 4, 2013): 297–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ars-11-297-2013.
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Abstract. We generally categorize the approaches for ultra-wideband antenna array design, and consequently propose simplified concepts for antenna arrays for a high-precision, ultra-wideband FMCW radar 2-D local positioning system to obtain robustness against multi path interference, perform angle of arrival analysis, as well as instantaneous heading estimation. We focus on low-cost and mechanical robust, industrial-application ready antennas. The antenna arrays are optimized for operation in the 5 GHz to 8 GHz frequency range and are designed towards supporting full omnidirectional 360° as well as partial half-plane direction of arrival estimation. Two different concepts for vehicle- as well as wall-mounted antenna array systems are proposed and discussed. We propose a wideband unidirectional bow-tie antenna array element having 97% impedance and 37% pattern bandwidth and a robust vehicle mounted omnidirectional antenna element having more than 85% impedance and pattern bandwidth.