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Journal articles on the topic 'Areal aspect'
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1
Huber, W. D., and R. D. Fisher. "Optimal bit aspect ratio for maximum areal density." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 29, no. 6 (1993): 3990–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/20.281366.
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Vasil'ev, Dmitrij D. "The Eurasian Areal Aspect of Old Turkic Written Culture." Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 58, no. 4 (2005): 323–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/aorient.58.2005.4.1.
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Mulyasari, Gita, Elisa Wildayana, and M. Yamin. "KELAYAKAN PERLUASAN AREAL KEBUN KELAPA SAWIT 1000 HEKTAR (PENANAMAN BARU) DI PT BIO NUSANTARA TEKNOLOGI." Jurnal AGRISEP 5, no. 2 (2006): 97–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.31186/jagrisep.5.2.97-111.
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The purpose of this research are 1) to analyze TBS marketing aspect in Bengkulu Province that inflence by TBS accept and Demand. 2) to analyze technical aspect of 1.000 hectare palm oil plantation enlargement. 3) to analyze financial aspect of 1.000 hectare palm oil plantation enlargement. The research in PT. Bio Nusantara Teknologi used case method and supported by literatures study. he result of this research show that TBS marketing aspect in Bengkulu Province promised enough which increases TBS production. Technical aspect show enlargement of 1.000 hectare palm oil plantation is proper to do. From financial aspect with 18 % discount factor show gross B/C 1,65, NPV Rp. 18.574.764.528 and IRR 19,06 %, is proper to do.Key Words :Feasibility study, new planting, estate,extensification
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Woldemariyam Tesema, Fethangest, Gebrerufael Hailu Kahsay, and Berihu Abadi Berhe. "Quantitative Geomorphological Parameters Analysis for the Aynalem- Illala Streams, Tigray, Northern Ethiopia." Momona Ethiopian Journal of Science 13, no. 1 (2021): 67–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/mejs.v13i1.4.
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Morphometric analysis is the measurement and mathematical analysis of the configuration of the surface, shape, and dimension of landforms. The objective of this study is to characterize the Aynalem and Illala streams using the morphometric parameter. The topographic map at a scale of 1:50,000 taken from the Ethiopian National Mapping Agency was used to characterize the linear and areal aspects. ASTER Digital Elevation Model with 10m resolution was used to characterize the relief aspect. The Arc GIS 10.4.1 was used during the morphometric analysis. The analysis result of the streams is summarized based on the linear, areal, and relief aspects. The area is characterized by a dendritic drainage pattern which is characteristics of massive hard rock terrain. The Aynalem and Illala streams are 4th and 5th order streams. Considering the number of streams in the Aynalem (75.81%) and Illala (74.66%) is composed of first-order streams that indicate a flashy flood and the mean bifurcation value of Aynalem (6.8) and Illala (4.7) shows that the Aynalem area is more structurally affected than Illala but both show less stream integration. The analysis of areal aspects such as elongation ratio, circularity ratio, and form factor has indicated that both streams are characterized as elongated streams, this implies that both streams are flowing in heterogeneous rock material, presences of structural effect, and slow runoff discharge. The other areal aspect such as drainage density, stream frequency, infiltration number, and length of overland flow all show smaller values in both streams. This implies that the streams are characterized by a relatively permeable rock material with a higher infiltration capacity. The relief aspect of the Aynalem and Illala was also analyzed using basin relief, relief ratio, ruggedness number, hypsometric curves, and Hypsometric integral. The streams are characterized by a lower relief ratio and ruggedness number which implies a relatively flat slope and lower relief. The hypsometric curves and the Hypsometric Integral of the streams indicate that the Aynalem and Illala are at the maturity stage. This shows the area is characterized by higher erosion but less affected by recent structures. Based on the morphometric parameter analysis result it is possible to conclude that the stream development is dependent on the topography and geology of the study area and both streams show similar morphometric character.
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Agapkina, Tatiana. "Incantations, Traditional Medicine and Rituals in Areal Aspect: Belarus and the Russian Northwest." Slavic Almanac 2024, no. 3-4 (2024): 160–78. https://doi.org/10.31168/2073-5731.2024.3-4.07.
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The article examines some folklore and ethnographic phenomena through the prism of their geographical distribution in the European part of Eastern Slavia. Among them there are: one of the plots of the incantations against erysipelas (“There was Christ / the Virgin Mary, carried / had three roses, the third / all three died / withered / fell, etc.”), the motif of the mythological center in the incantations against snake bite, diseases called “wings” in which a person experiences unpleasant and painful sensations in the shoulder blades, and the practice of their treatment, as well as Trinity memorial rituals of graves “plowing” (sweeping) with greenery. They are all united by the fact that these phenomena are known in Belarus and in the west of European Russia, from where they spread to the Russian Northwest. These phenomena have different origins. The plot of incantations against erysipelas is found in German, Polish and Baltic traditions; the name of the disease krilishchcha unites the Belarusian tradition with the northwestern Russian and Latvian; the motif of the mythological center in incantations against snake bites is most likely of East Slavic origin, and the practice of Trinity memorial “plowing” of graves was probably initially limited to the Novgorod-Pskov-Smolensk area. The article is provided with 4 maps.
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AIKHENVALD, ALEXANDRA Y. "Mechanisms of change in areal diffusion: new morphology and language contact." Journal of Linguistics 39, no. 1 (2003): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022226702001937.
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Borrowing, or diffusion, of grammatical categories in language contact is not a unitary process. In the linguistic area of the Vaupés in northwest Amazonia, several different mechanisms help create new contact-induced morphology. Languages which are in continuous contact belong to the genetically unrelated East-Tucanoan and Arawak families. There is a strong cultural inhibition against borrowing forms of any sort (grammatical or lexical). Language contact in the multilingual Vaupés linguistic area has resulted in the development of similar – though far from identical – grammatical structures. In Tariana, an Arawak language spoken in the area, reanalysis and reinterpretation of existing categories takes place when diffusion involves restructuring a pre-existing category for which there is a slot in the structure, such as case. A new grammatical category with no pre-existing slots may evolve via grammaticalization of a free morpheme – this is how aspect and aktionsart marking was developed. The development of a five-term tense-evidentiality paradigm involves a combination of strategies: reanalysis with reinterpretation accounts for the obligatory tense marking, and the history of visual, inferred and reported evidentials. The nonvisual evidential evolved via grammaticalization of a lexical verb while the most recent, assumed, evidential involves reanalysis and reinterpretation of an aspect marker and grammatical accommodation.
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Tomelleri, Vittorio Springfield. "The Category of Aspect in Georgian, Ossetic and Russian. Some areal and typological observations." Faits de Langues 34, no. 2 (2009): 245–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/19589514-034-02-900000011.
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Jinghuan Chen and Jaekyun Moon. "Detection signal-to-noise ratio versus bit cell aspect ratio at high areal densities." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 37, no. 3 (2001): 1157–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/20.920492.
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Zhou, H., and R. Gustafson. "Effects of Head Pole Aspect Ratio and Skew Angle on Areal Density in Perpendicular Recording." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 40, no. 4 (2004): 2395–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmag.2004.829318.
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Fleischer, Jürg. "Eastern Yiddish Relative Clauses in an Areal Perspective: An Analysis Based on the Language and Culture Atlas of Ashkenazic Jewry." Journal of Germanic Linguistics 34, no. 2 (2022): 209–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1470542721000143.
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Despite a vast literature on Yiddish relative clauses, their linguistic and geographical aspects have often been neglected. Based on data from the Language and Culture Atlas of Ashkenazic Jewry (JCAAJ), the areal distribution of subject and oblique relative clauses is analyzed for the first time. I show that vos ‘that; what’, which also introduces non-relative complement clauses, is the most common element to introduce subject relative clauses, whereas in oblique relative clauses, the pronoun velx- ‘which’ predominates. This contrast suggests a division of labor between nonpronominal and pronominal elements depending on the syntactic role of the relativized NP. As to the areal aspect, vos accompanied by a resumptive personal pronoun is primarily used in Central Eastern and Southeastern Yiddish, whereas nonrelative comple-mentizing vos is typical of Southeastern and central Northeastern Yiddish. These areal distributions mirror patterns of coterritorial Slavic languages: The more widespread use of nonrelative complementizing vos is reminiscent of the corresponding use of Ukrainian ščo and Belarusian što ‘what; that’, whereas the preference for resumptive personal pronouns is observed in Polish and Ukrainian. Comparatively recent convergence with Slavic seems to play a role in the emergence of resumptive pronouns and nonrelative complementizing vos in the varieties of Yiddish.*
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Fleischer, Jürg. "Eastern Yiddish Relative Clauses in an Areal Perspective: An Analysis Based on the Language and Culture Atlas of Ashkenazic Jewry." Journal of Germanic Linguistics 34, no. 2 (2022): 209–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1470542721000143.
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Despite a vast literature on Yiddish relative clauses, their linguistic and geographical aspects have often been neglected. Based on data from the Language and Culture Atlas of Ashkenazic Jewry (JCAAJ), the areal distribution of subject and oblique relative clauses is analyzed for the first time. I show that vos ‘that; what’, which also introduces non-relative complement clauses, is the most common element to introduce subject relative clauses, whereas in oblique relative clauses, the pronoun velx- ‘which’ predominates. This contrast suggests a division of labor between nonpronominal and pronominal elements depending on the syntactic role of the relativized NP. As to the areal aspect, vos accompanied by a resumptive personal pronoun is primarily used in Central Eastern and Southeastern Yiddish, whereas nonrelative comple-mentizing vos is typical of Southeastern and central Northeastern Yiddish. These areal distributions mirror patterns of coterritorial Slavic languages: The more widespread use of nonrelative complementizing vos is reminiscent of the corresponding use of Ukrainian ščo and Belarusian što ‘what; that’, whereas the preference for resumptive personal pronouns is observed in Polish and Ukrainian. Comparatively recent convergence with Slavic seems to play a role in the emergence of resumptive pronouns and nonrelative complementizing vos in the varieties of Yiddish.*
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Lisova, Inna A. "Unofficial Name-List of the Urban Residents of the Belorussian Lake District in the Areal Aspect." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Series 9. Philology. Asian Studies. Journalism, no. 1 (2016): 78–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu09.2016.108.
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Turdialiyev, Anvarbek. "Features of Kipchak and Karluk dialects in the speech of Denov Tajiks." Golden scripts 4, no. 4 (2024): 109–22. https://doi.org/10.52773/tsuull.gold.2024.4/peuk7358.
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Areal linguistics, which took shape as a science in the 1950s and is considered a new direction (stage) in the study of Uzbek dialects, has become a separate object of research in modern linguistics. In addition, in the process of studying Uzbek dialects, works studied in the contactological aspect should be especially emphasized, because language and dialects are social phenomena and are always developing, or a language whose consumer has disappeared is out of use. This article is devoted to the relations of the Denov dialects of the Uzbek language with the Tajik language. The article discusses the interaction between the Karluk and Kipchak groups of dialects and the Tajik language. Even before our research, the influence of the Tajik language and Uzbek dialects on each other was studied on the example of Namangan, Fergana, Bukhara, Samarkand, and southern Tajikistan Uzbek dialects, but the areal feature was ignored. Our small study is dedicated to the areal study of dialect characteristics in the region.
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Zschieschang, Christian. "Before the Spatial Turn: The Areal Aspect in 1980s German Onomastics and Its Application in Current Research." Acta Linguistica Lithuanica, no. 83 (2020): 193–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.35321/all83-09.
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Longmailai. "A Study of Tenselessness in Rengma (Western)." Languages 4, no. 4 (2019): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/languages4040089.
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Rengma is a Tibeto–Burman language from the Naga group (Angami–Pochuri) spoken in Northeast India. The paper is one of the first attempts in documenting the Western Rengma language, a variety of Rengma found in Karbi Anglong district, Assam. It makes attempts to study the tense, aspect and mood features present in Western Rengma in comparison to related neighbouring Tibeto-Burman (TB) languages such as Angami and Sema and thereby, seek to identify the aspect of tenselessness in this language. The study further examines the serial verb construction (SVC) as pivotal in determining time in relation to tense–aspect–mood (TAM). Throughout the paper, we observe the semantic-pragmatic features to probe the verbal features and later validate if time in Rengma is a genetic or an areal feature.
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Seyam, Abdelfattah Mohamed, Rahul Vallabh, and Ahmed H. Hassanin. "Improving UV Resistance of Fibers: Idealized Computational Model Predicting the Distribution of UV Blocking Cylindrical Nanoparticles in Protective Polymeric Layer." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 10, no. 1 (2015): 155892501501000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/155892501501000103.
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High strength fibers such as PBO and Kevlar are used to produce composites, bulletproof vests, tendons of giant scientific balloons, and other high performance products. These fibers, however, are known to degrade upon exposure to Ultraviolet (UV) radiation which causes premature failure of the end-products. Improving UV resistance of high strength fibers like PBO through methods such as adding UV inhibiting particles during filament spinning or dyeing/coating process is not only extremely difficult, but often fails to provide the adequate UV protection. As an alternative to conventional approaches, UV protection of high performance yarns/braids can be effectively achieved by covering them with a polymeric sheath containing dispersed UV inhibiting nanoparticles. In this work, a computational model was developed to optimize critical factors such as thickness (weight) of the protective sheath and the amount of UV blockers for a given particle size, which influence the UV protective efficiency of the sheath. In order to simulate three-dimensional dispersion of nanoparticles in a polymer matrix, the model considers a random distribution of cylindrical nanoparticles of different size, aspect ratio, and volume fraction in a three-dimensional volume of protective sheath of a given length, width, and thickness. 2D visualization and image analysis techniques were utilized to determine the area projected by the particles on the x-y plane (areal coverage provided by nanoparticles). The areal coverage values obtained from the model were found to be higher than the experimental results due to the agglomeration of nanoparticles in the sheath caused during the polymer compounding process. However, the purpose of the model is to serve as a benchmarking tool to aid in the design and development of UV protective sheaths and films, and not to estimate absolute UV protection values. Analysis of the relationship between areal coverage and various input parameters in the model show that areal coverage increases with an increase in particle volume fraction and film thickness, and a decrease in particle diameter and length. It was also found that areal coverage was more significantly influenced by particle aspect ratio than by particle length.
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Reeves, Derrick A., Matthew C. Reeves, Ann M. Abbott, Deborah S. Page-Dumroese, and Mark D. Coleman. "A detrimental soil disturbance prediction model for ground-based timber harvesting." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 42, no. 5 (2012): 821–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x2012-034.
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Soil properties and forest productivity can be affected during ground-based harvest operations and site preparation. The degree of impact varies widely depending on topographic features and soil properties. Forest managers who understand site-specific limits to ground-based harvesting can alter harvest method or season to limit soil disturbance. To determine the potential areal extent of detrimental (potentially plant growth limiting) soil disturbance based on site characteristics and season of harvest, we developed a predictive model based on soil monitoring data collected from 167 ground-based harvest units. Data collected included dominant site parameters (e.g., slope, aspect, soil texture, and landtype), harvest season, harvest type (intermediate or regeneration), and the machine(s) used during ground-based harvest operations. Aspect (p = 0.0217), slope (p = 0.0738), landtype (p = 0.0002), and the interaction of harvest season × landtype (p = 0.0002) were the key variables controlling the areal extent and magnitude of detrimental soil disturbance. For example, harvesting during non-winter months on gently rolling topography resulted in greater soil disturbance than similar harvest operations on landscapes that are highly dissected. This is likely due to the ease with which equipment can move off designated trails. A geospatially explicit predictive model was developed using general linear model variables found to significantly influence the areal extent of detrimental soil disturbance on nine defined landtypes. This tool provides a framework that, with local calibration, can be used on other forest lands as a decision support tool to geospatially depict landtypes susceptible to detrimental soil disturbance during ground-based harvest operations.
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Tamsil, Andi, Ihsan Ihsan, Hasnidar Hasnidar, Andi Asni, and Muhammad Ali Ulat. "TELAAH ASPEK BIOLOGI KEPITING BAKAU (Scylla spp) TERTANGKAP DI AREAL EKOSISTEM MANGROVE KABUPATEN PASANGKAYUPROVINSI SULAWESI BARAT." BAWAL Widya Riset Perikanan Tangkap 15, no. 2 (2023): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/bawal.15.2.2023.98-108.
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The coastal area of Pasangkayu Regency, has the potential of mangrove crab resources, which have not been utilized optimally. This study aims to determine the species composition, and biological aspects of the mangrove crab Scylla spp caught in the Fold trap in the mangrove ecosystem area in Pasangkayu Regency, West Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. The research was carried out from March to June 2020. The materials used consisted of the Global Positioning System (GPS), Camera; and digital scales and rulers. Types of data collected include primary and secondary data. Primary data were collected from surveys and field observations, secondary data were collected from various related agencies. Data analysis includes species composition and biological aspects. The results of the identification of mangrove crabs found 2 types of mud crabs, Scylla serrata and Scylla olivacea, which were more dominant than Scylla olivacea. The results of the analysis of the biological aspect showed that the mangrove crab species were Scylla serrata in the allometric minor category and Scylla olivacea in the isometric category. The size distribution of long class frequencies, types of Scylla serrata and Scylla olivacea. The sex ratio of Sylla serrata is in the balanced category and Sylla olivacea is not balanced, the number of females is less than males. The rate of exploitation of the two types of mangrove crab Scylla serrata and Scylla olivacea is still rational and sustainable, the E value <0.5% or the highest E value 0.5% is still considered sustainable. The conversion rate of mangrove ecosystems for various purposes needs to be reduced so that the mangrove crab habitat area is maintained.
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Viegut, Reid, David L. Kulhavy, Daniel R. Unger, I.-Kuai Hung, and Brian Humphreys. "Integrating Unmanned Aircraft Systems to Measure Linear and Areal Features into Undergraduate Forestry Education." International Journal of Higher Education 7, no. 4 (2018): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v7n4p63.
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The use of Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) in undergraduate forestry education continues to expand and develop. Accuracy of data collection is an important aspect of preparation for “society-ready” foresters to meet the complex sustainable environment managing for ecological, social and economic interests. Hands-on use of a DJI Phantom 4 Pro UAS by undergraduates to measure the length and area of 30 linear features and areal features on Earth’s surface were estimated. These measurements were compared (measured within the ArcMap 10.5.2 interface) to hyperspectral Pictometry imagery measured on the web-based interface and the Google Earth Pro interface. Each remotely estimated measurement was verified with the actual ground measurements and the methods compared. An analysis of variance, conducted on the absolute length errors resulting in a p-value of 0.000057, concluded that the three length estimating techniques were statistically different at a 95% confidence interval. A Tukey pair-wise test found that the remotely sensed DJI Phantom 4 Pro data was statistically less accurate than the Pictometry and Google Earth Pro data, while both of which were found to be not different statistically in terms of accuracy. The areal feature area measurements were not normally distributed and therefore tested for equal medians using a Kruskal-Wallis test. The test found that there was no significant difference between sample medians, indicating that all three methods of estimating area are statistically equal in accuracy. The results indicate that Pictometry and Google Earth Pro could both be used to accurately estimate linear feature lengths remotely in lieu of in situ linear measurements while all three remote sensing techniques can be used to accurately estimate areal feature areas remotely in lieu of in situ areal measurements.
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Khezheva, Zalina Rashadovna. "History of the study of Kabardian dialects and subdialects." Philology. Issues of Theory and Practice 16, no. 10 (2023): 3534–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.30853/phil20230544.
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The aim of the research is to characterise the historiography of Kabardian dialects and subdialects in chronological order using personification and presenting classifications in a comparative aspect. The scientific novelty of the work is determined by the necessity to analyse and revise the existing classifications of dialects and subdialects in order to account for structural changes in the phonetics, morphology and lexicon of the Kabardian language. The paper analyses the classifications of Kabardian dialects and subdialects, traces the main differences in interpretation taking into account territorial peculiarities and identifies the differential features of each subdialect and dialect considering central and marginal characteristics. The obtained results demonstrate that Kabardian dialects and subdialects are differentiated by language features, including phonetic, morphological and lexical aspects, as well as areal characteristics.
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Jannah, Rauzatul, Helmi Helmi, and Sufardi Sufardi. "Sifat Fisika dan Kimia Tanah pada Areal Penanaman Nilam Desa Teungoh Geunteut Kecamatan Lhoong, Aceh Besar." Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian 7, no. 3 (2022): 431–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17969/jimfp.v7i3.20883.
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Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi beberapa sifat fisika dan kimia tanah pada areal penanaman nilam di Desa Teungoh Geunteut Kecamatan Lhoong, Kabupaten Aceh Besar Provinsi Aceh. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif melalui pengamatan lapangan dan analisis laboratorium. Areal studi dibedakan atas tiga satuan peta lahan (SPL) dengan luas areal 294,35 hektar yang dicirikan dengan kelerengan lahan 8-15%, berordo tanah Inceptisols dengan pola penggunaan lahan hutan dan lahan terbuka. Pengamatan dilakukan pada 10 titik sampel yaitu lima sampel dalam SPL-1, empat sampel dalam SPL-2 dan satu sampel mewakili SPL-3. Sampel tanah terdiri atas dua macam yaitu sampel tanah utuh yang diambil dengan menggunakan ring sampel dan sampel tanah terganggu yang diambil dengan menggunakan bor tanah. Semua sampel diambil pada kedalaman 0-20 cm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari aspek fisika tanah, areal tersebut bertekstur lempung hingga liat (sedang hingga halus), bobot isi sedang (1.24-1.27 g cm-3), dan sebagian areal mempunyai permeabilitas lambat ( 2 cm per jam). Dari aspek kimia tanah, areal penanaman nilam ini bereaksi agak masam hingga netral (pH 5,81-6,66) dan mempunyai kendala yaitu kandungan C organik sangat rendah (0,68-0,72%), N total sangat rendah (0,08-0,17%), dan P tersedia sangat rendah (0,47-1,15 mg kg-1), namun kapasitas tukar kation (KTK) tanah tergolong tinggi ( 25 cmol kg-1). Kendala fisika dan kimia tanah yang ada di areal penanaman nilam di Desa Teungoh Geunteut ini dianjurkan untuk memberikan bahan amandemen terutama amandemen organic seperti kompos, pupuk hijau, pupuk kendang, biochar dan diperlukan penambahan pupuk lengkap dan berimbang. Soil Physical and Chemical Properties in Patcholi Planting Area in Teungoh Geunteut Village, Kecamatan Lhoong, Aceh BesarAbstract. This study aims to evaluate several physical and chemical properties of the soil in the patchouli planting area in Geunteut Village, Lhoong sub-district of Aceh Besar, Aceh Province. The study uses a descriptive method through field observations and laboratory analysis. The study area is divided into three land map units (SPL) with an area of 294.35 hectares characterized by a land slope of 8-15%, soil order Inceptisols with land use types are forest area, and barelands. Observations were conducted at 10 sample points, namely five samples in SPL-1, four samples in SPL-2 and one sample representing SPL-3. Soil samples consist of two kinds, namely undisturb soil samples taken using a ring sample and disturbed soil samples taken using a soil auger. All samples were taken at a depth of 0-20 cm. The results showed that from the physical aspect of the soil, the area had a loam to clay texture (medium to fine), medium bulk density (1.24-1.27 g cm-3), and some areas had slow permeability ( 2 cm h-1). From the aspect of soil chemistry, this patchouli planting area has slightly acidic to neutral soil pH (pH 5.81-6.66), very low organic C content (0.68-0.72%), very low total N (0 .08-0.17%), and very low available P (0.47-1.15 mg kg-1), but the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the soils was high ( 25 cmol kg-1). Physical and chemical constraints of the soil in the patchouli planting area in Teungoh Geunteut Village are recommended to provide amendments, especially organic amendments such as compost, green manure, animal manures, biochar and the addition of complete and balanced fertilizers is needed.
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Pervez, Syed, Doohun Kim, Chil-Hoon Doh, et al. "High areal capacity for battery anode using rapidly growing self-ordered TiO2 nanotubes with a high aspect ratio." Materials Letters 137 (December 2014): 347–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2014.09.032.
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Kumar, Manoj, Rohitashw Kumar, P. K. Singh, Manjeet Singh, K. K. Yadav, and H. K. Mittal. "Catchment delineation and morphometric analysis using geographical information system." Water Science and Technology 72, no. 7 (2015): 1168–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2015.303.
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The geographical information system (GIS) has emerged as an efficient tool in delineation of drainage patterns of watershed planning and management. The morphometric parameters of basins can address linear, areal and relief aspects. The study deals with the integrated watershed management of Baliya micro-watersheds, located in the Udaipur district of Rajasthan, India. Morphometric analysis in hydrological investigation is an important aspect and it is inevitable in the development and management of drainage basins. The determination of linear, areal and relief parameters indicate fairly good significance. The low value of the bifurcation ratio of 4.19 revealed that the drainage pattern has not been distorted by structural disturbance. The high value of the elongation ratio (0.68) compared to the circulatory ratio (0.27) indicates an elongated shape of the watershed. The high value of drainage density (5.39 km/km2) and stream frequency (12.32) shows that the region has impermeable subsoil material under poor vegetative cover with a low relief factor. The morphometric parameters of relief ratio (0.041) and relative relief (0.99%) show that the watershed can be treated using GIS techniques to determine the morphometric presence of dendritic drainage pattern, with a view to selecting the soil and water conservation measures and water harvesting.
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Hrbek, Vladimír, Veronika Petranova, and Jiří Němeček. "Early Stage Development of Cement Paste Microstructure." Advanced Materials Research 1144 (March 2017): 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1144.14.
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The early stage development of the cement microstructure is a crucial aspect affecting the overall performance of cementitious materials. The formation of hydration products depends on the presence of water and carbon dioxide, as well as on the distribution and re-crystallization of the cement particles. In this paper we evaluate the micromechanical properties evolution of cement phases over first 28 days after casting by the electron microscopy and static areal indentation.
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Revathi, N., and Sajeena S. "Morphometric Analysis of Olanthichira Watershed using Geographic Information System in Malappuram District, Kerala, India." International Journal of Environment and Climate Change 14, no. 12 (2024): 91–103. https://doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2024/v14i124609.
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Morphometric analysis of watershed is important for understanding its geo-hydrological behaviour. The objective of this study is to determine morphometric parameters of Olanthichira watershed, Kuttipuram block, Malappuram district of state Kerala, India. The stream channels of the watershed were extracted from SRTM DEM and SOI topographical maps on 1:50,000 scale using Hydrology tools in Arc GIS software showing dendritic drainage pattern. Then morphometric analysis is carried out by determining parameters of linear, areal and relief aspects. Drainage density of 1.836 km/km2 is moderate suggests semi-permeable rocks, moderate relief, and a balanced hydrological response. The drainage texture of watershed is 4.359/km indicates a moderate to fine drainage texture means the watershed has a fairly advanced drainage system, with a moderate number of stream channels with highest channel maintenance constant of 0.544 experiencing low runoff and fewer structural disruptions. The moderate bifurcation ratio of 3.68 in a drainage network suggests that the network's development is influenced by some degree of structural control. The areal aspects of the watershed point out elongated shape which possess lower erosion and sediment transport capacities and less prone to sudden floods but might require interventions to prevent sediment deposition in channels. The results of morphometric analysis along with slope map, aspect map and vegetation (NDVI) map are helpful for decision makers to implement soil and water conservation measures for sustainable management of the resources in watershed.
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Pirowski, Tomasz, Michał Marciak, and Marcin Sobiech. "Potentialities and Limitations of Research on VHRS Data: Alexander the Great’s Military Camp at Gaugamela on the Navkur Plain in Kurdish Iraq as a Test Case." Remote Sensing 13, no. 5 (2021): 904. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13050904.
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This paper presents a selected aspect of research conducted within the Gaugamela Project, which seeks to finally identify the location of one of the most important ancient battles: the Battle of Gaugamela (331 BCE). The aim of this study was to discover material remains of the Macedonian military camp on the Navkur Plain in Kurdish Iraq. For this purpose, three very high resolution satellite (VHRS) datasets from Pleiades and WorldView-2 were acquired and subjected to multi-variant image processing (development of different color composites, integration of multispectral and panchromatic images, use of principle component analysis transformation, use of vegetation indices). Documentation of photointerpretation was carried out through the vectorization of features/areas. Due to the character of the sought-after artifacts (remnants of a large enclosure), features were categorized into two types: linear features and areal features. As a result, 19 linear features and 2 areal features were found in the study area of the Mahad hills. However, only a few features fulfilled the expected geometric criteria (layout and size) and were subjected to field groundtruthing, which ended in negative results. It is concluded that no traces have been found that could be interpreted as remnants of an earthen enclosure capable of accommodating around 47,000 soldiers. Further research perspectives are also suggested.
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Muratova, Rimma T., and Ildar R. Vildanov. "Dairy Terms in Languages of the Ural-Volga Region: A Linguistic Geographical Aspect." Oriental Studies 17, no. 4 (2024): 883–901. https://doi.org/10.22162/2619-0990-2024-74-4-883-901.
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Introduction. The article deals with names of dairy products used by peoples inhabiting the Ural-Volga Region. Goals. The study seeks to identify general (characteristic of the Ural-Volga peoples at large), genetic (characteristic of a specific language family — Turkic or Finno-Ugric), and areal (characteristic of a certain language area) features pertaining to origins, development and functioning of lexemes denoting dairy products. Our efforts involve the use of digital technologies in the study of material culture-related vocabulary, namely the LingvoDoc platform which makes it possible not only to upload, systemize, and store language data but also to conduct automated searches and analyses according to required options, including mapping of lexical materials. The fact names of dairy products in the Turkic and Finno-Ugric languages of the Ural-Volga Region have remained understudied never to enjoy any standardized description makes the work relevant enough. Materials and methods. The paper examines studies on ethnography of the Ural-Volga peoples, etymological, lexicological, lexicographical insights into the Turkic and Finno-Ugric languages. In terms of theory and methodology, the study rests on writings dealing with linguistic contacts across the specified region, as well as works discussing food and dairy vocabularies. The work employs a variety of research methods, including the comparative historical one and those of lexical semantic analysis and linguistic mapping. Results. It has been revealed that there are no original names ascending to common stems for dairy terms across the Turkic and Finno-Ugric languages of the Ural-Volga Region. However, in etymologies of names for milk, butter, cream some genetic features can still be traced: in Turkic languages, such names do stem from a common root that stands for milk and cream, while in Finno-Ugric languages — it is about the lexeme for butter. Terms for butter, ghee, and cottage cheese in all the examined languages tend to meet motivational characteristics. There are also some areal phenomena in designations of yogurt and cottage cheese (for example, these in Mari and Chuvash attest to certain affinities between the languages). Finally, original names for ayran and kumis are available only in Turkic languages, and only loanwords be observed in Finno-Ugric ones.
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Tarasov, Lev, and W. Richard Peltier. "Laurentide ice sheet aspect ratio in models based on Glen’s flow law." Annals of Glaciology 30 (2000): 177–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756400781820804.
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AbstractThe problem of recovering the small aspect ratio of the ICE-4G reconstruction of the Last Glacial Maximum Laurentide ice sheet has proven to be a challenge for state-of-the-art thermomechanically-coupled three-dimensional ice-sheet models coupled to reduced climate models. Flow enhancements to Glen’s flow law, 20 to 30 times those required to adequately simulate the present-day Greenland ice sheet, have been found necessary in order to reproduce both the thickness and areal extent of the geophysical reconstruction. Within the confines of the Glen flow rheology, it is unclear what mechanism might explain the magnitude of this discrepancy in required flow enhancement for the Laurentide relative to the Greenland ice sheet We present a comparative analysis of three alternative explanations of such a questionable flow-law enhancement: radical changes to mass balance; radical changes to ice-sheet history; and strongly enhanced basal flows Based on this analysis, we argue that none of these alternatives provide a fully acceptable explanation for the small ICE-4G LGM aspect ratio of the Laurentide ice sheet, that has been inferred geophysically.
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Usmanova, Adeliya Rustyamovna. "Musical traditions of the Turkic ethnic groups of the Volga-Caspian Sea in the aspect of E. V. Gippius’ scientific criteria." Pan-Art 5, no. 1 (2025): 162–67. https://doi.org/10.30853/pa20250020.
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The aim of the study is to reveal, based on the scientific criteria and methods developed by the outstanding Russian scholar E. V. Gippius, the local specificity of the musical tradition of the Turkic ethnic groups in the Volga-Caspian region, and to identify both local and regional characteristics, as well as supra-ethnic genre and stylistic features of the most distinctive genres of vocal and instrumental folklore. Using systemic-typological and areal methods, the study also aims to analyze interethnic interactions in the song and instrumental traditions of the Astrakhan Yurts, Karagash, Kazakhs and Turkmens. The primary focus is on identifying common and specific elements of the musical language of the Turkic ethnic groups in the Volga-Caspian region. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the examination of the areal musical traditions of Turkic-speaking groups in the Volga-Caspian region. The study also highlights the issue of cultural interaction with neighboring groups that share linguistic and religious similarities while still carrying within themselves their own ethnomusical traditions, which have developed over centuries. As a result, it has been determined that the general methodological aspects of E. V. Gippius not only address many issues related to Russian folklore but are also applicable to the study of national musical cultures. Furthermore, regional ethnic specificity is shaped by the interaction of traditions among neighboring peoples.
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Kopylov, P. V. "Exploring practical use of Garden ring in radial-circular layout of Moscow, typology of greening and normative balance indicators." FORESTRY BULLETIN 25, no. 3 (2021): 103–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/2542-1468-2021-3-103-110.
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The article examines the current dynamics of the development of the Garden Ring, and the state program of repairs «My street» in Moscow. For the purpose of analysis and typology of individual divisions of the highway into segments and elements of landscaping and greening, with their subsequent comparison of their balance indicators of greening. The article analyzes the positive experience of construction and an assessment of the possibilities of its application for the development of similar urban areas. The values of the irregularity of greening of the Garden Ring and the analysis of the normative balance indicator of greening are obtained. The addition and updating of indicators, as well as the normative nature of greening of urban objects, are seen and solved at various stages and by various participants: both for the state customer and for the executors, during the construction, repair and reconstruction of public areas. Normative indicators of greening is a essential aspect for creating the minimum areal values of a comfortable urban environment.
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Arcodia, Giorgio Francesco. "Tense as a Grammatical Category in Sinitic: A Critical Overview." Languages 8, no. 2 (2023): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/languages8020142.
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Sinitic languages are very often described as tenseless, since they are generally seen as lacking ‘true’ grammatical markers of tense: thus, the interpretation of time reference relies on other factors, such as aspect, modal verbs, and the use of time expressions. However, the debate concerning the tenseless nature of Chinese has not been settled yet: several types of items in Sinitic have been analyzed as expressing both aspect and tense, tense and modality, or even tense only. In this paper, we offer a critical analysis of the proposals made in the description of Standard Mandarin Chinese and (so-called) Chinese dialects concerning grammatical exponents of tense. We shall show that there appears to be a very broad degree of variation within Sinitic in the type and nature of tense(-like) meanings expressed, with different degrees of overlap between tense and other TAM categories (i.e., aspect and modality), and different degrees of grammaticalisation of alleged tense markers. Furthermore, the most grammaticalised tense markers are located in subregions within northern China: we shall thus discuss the relevance of our data for the areal typology of Sinitic.
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Stephani, Sintiya, Hamzah Hamzah, and Hutwan Syarifuddin. "Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Partisipasi pada Sistem Agroforestri di Areal Kerja Hutan Kemasyarakatan Catur Rahayu." Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi 24, no. 2 (2024): 1319. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/jiubj.v24i2.4736.
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The Catur Rahayu community forest (HKm) is located in Catur Rahayu Village, Dendang Subdistrict, East Tanjung Jabung Regency, Jambi Province. In 2019, 81% of their land experienced fire. Some of them have carried out replanting, but some have not yet done so due to limited funds, especially for land preparation activities. From a socio-economic aspect, the majority of GAPOKTANHUT Catur Rahayu members work as farmers and have education only up to elementary school, so they do not have much money, knowledge and knowledge to maximize their land management. This research aims to analyze participation, socio-economic factors, and the relationship between these two variables. The analysis method uses the Spearman's rho correlation test. The results of the research show that the level of participation of GAPOKTANHUT Catur Rahayu members at all stages of HKm activities is in the high category with a percentage of 36.78%. Based on indicators of socio-economic factors that correlate with participation in HKm activities, namely non-formal education, land area, income, cosmopolitan, leadership, and incentives, while socio-economic factors that are not correlated with participation in HKm activities are age, formal education, distance to HKM land, and number of dependents. In total there is no significant relationship between socio-economic factors and the participation of GAPOKTANHUT Catur Rahayu members.
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МАРТИНОВА, Ганна. "PHONOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION OF THE DIALECT: PROBLEM OF PATOIS TYPOLOGY." Lingua Montenegrina 24, no. 2 (2019): 77–89. https://doi.org/10.46584/lm.v24i2.702.
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The article regards general theoretical and methodological grounds for systematic research of phonological and phonetic levels of the dialectal speech on the whole and their practical application for typology of the Mid Upper Dnieper patois. The paper points out the accomplished phonological and phonetic analysis being maintained by new source material, answers to the phonological and phonetic parts of the EVIL questionnaire together with the sound tapes and their textual representation for versifying and interpreting the material during its working out; concentrating the boundaries of the patois under consideration (346); combination of the structural analysis with representation in the areal aspect and applying methods of model building for phonological systems of the patois and linguistic statistics. The approach enabled to characterize in detail the microsystems of the Mid Upper Dnieper dialects through specification of the vowels and consonants, singling out their oppositions, establishing their peculiarity in the sound structure of the word according to its position, and also to reveal functional significance of vowels and consonants and their syntagmatic characteristics. Combination of paradigmatic and syntagmatic aspects enabled to analyze phonological system of the Mid Upper Dnieper patois that belongs to the South- Eastern dialect of the Ukrainian language as a wholesome object the structure of which being arranged for phoneme oppositions that are signified for various differential features. These methodology grounds of the research enabled to reveal various types in the structural arrangement of the vowel and consonant sounds and in the various types of patois correspondingly that appear to be areal opposites and represent the inner dialect differentiation.
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Duruturk, Berk, Nermin Demir, Irmak Koseoglu, Ugur Berkay Onal, and Murat Ercanoglu. "Gis-Based Determination of Landslide Properties in Regional Scale: Karabuk Province (NW Turkey)." Annals of Valahia University of Targoviste, Geographical Series 17, no. 1 (2017): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/avutgs-2017-0004.
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Abstract Natural hazards and their consequences are of great importance throughout the world. In Turkey, landslides constitute approximately 5% of the overall damage. The most important part of any landslide study is to extract landslide properties and database. In this study, Karabük city was selected as a study area which is known as one of the most landslide prone areas in Turkey. The study area contains the official borders of Karabük province. The area surrounded by the coordinates of 4518148N-4603891N and 424593E-512511E which has an areal extent of 4067 km square. The data of 1663 occurred landslides in Karabük, were digitized from 1/500.000 scale Turkey Landslide Inventory Map by considering the scarps with point vector format. Considering the literature, parameters of lithology, slope, topographical elevation, NDVI and aspect, which were frequently used among the researchers in landslide assessments, were produced and analyzed a GIS (Geographical Information System) platform. In order to perform analyses, the study area was divided into 62 watersheds. Then, lithology, slope, aspect, topographical elevation and NVDI characteristics of the region were automatically extracted by considering the landslide locations. In this type of study, GIS provides many advantages. For the next stages of landslide assessments such as susceptibility, hazard and risk, this stage provides important inputs and can be considered as the most important stage.
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Kaur, M., S. Singh, V. K. Verma, and B. Pateriya. "Quantitative Geomorphological Analysis & Land Use/ Land Cover Change Detection of Two Sub-Watersheds in NE region of Punjab, India." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-8 (November 28, 2014): 371–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-8-371-2014.
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Morphometric analysis is the measurement and mathematical analysis of the landforms. The delineation of drainage system is of utmost importance in understanding hydrological system of an area, water resource management and it's planning in an effective manner. Morphometric analysis and land use change detection of two sub-watersheds namely Kukar Suha and Ratewal of district Shahid Bhagat Singh Nagar, Punjab, India was carried out for quantitative description of drainage and characterisation. The stream order, stream number, stream length, mean stream length, and other morphometric analysis like bifurcation ratio, drainage density, texture, relief ratio, ruggedness number etc. were measured. The drainage pattern of Kukar Suha and Ratewal is mainly dendritic. The agriculture and settlements came up along the drainage network causes the pattern disturbance in the watershed. The study was undertaken to spotlight the morphometric parameters, their impact on the basin and the land use land cover changes occurred over the period of time. Morphometric parameters such as linear aspect, areal aspect and relief aspect of the watershed are computed. The land use/land cover change was extracted from LISS IV Mx + Cartosat1 PAN data. ASTER data is used to prepare DEM (digital elevation model) and geographical information system (GIS) was used to evaluate various morphometric parameters in ArcGIS10 software.
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Brandon, V., B. Canaud, M. Primout, S. Laffite, and M. Temporal. "Marginally igniting direct-drive target designs for the laser megajoule." Laser and Particle Beams 31, no. 1 (2013): 141–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034612000869.
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AbstractDirect-drive target designs below self-ignition threshold are proposed for the laser megajoule in the context of shock-ignition. Two distinct initial aspect ratios are considered and laser pulses are shaped following a classical Kidder's law in order to achieve an implosion velocity of 300 km/s, an in-fight adiabat close to unity and to maximize the peak areal density. The pulse shapes are adjusted to arrange shock timing at the inner side of the DT fuel. The robustness of the laser pulse is addressed by the means of random variations around the initial Kidder's laws. Correlation matrices show no significant correlations between laser parameters. An admissible envelope of laser pulse is given for both designs in order to warrant more than 80% of the best peak areal density. Variations of laser drive power produce variations of implosion velocities in the range 250–370 km/s. Self-ignition threshold is achieved and thermonuclear energy are produced in the range 3 kJ–27 MJ. Finally, the random procedure shows that it is possible to improve the first deterministic optimization and the laser pulses are given.
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Myznikova, Yanina. "Names of clothes and footwear in Russian dialects of the Simbirsk Volga region: ethnolinguistic and areal aspects." Bulletin of the Donetsk National University. Series D: Philology and Psychology 4 (October 26, 2024): 61–75. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13996083.
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This article deals with a thematic group of names of clothes and footwear in the Russian dialects of the Ulyanovsk region. The relevance of singling out and studying this group of vocabulary is associated with the rapid disappearance of traditional names from the speech and memory of dialect speakers. In addition to the traditional classification of lexemes within a group and the study of motivational features of lexemes, the ethnolinguistic approach has been pursued in this study uses, and functional, areal, and etymological aspects have been considered. The research showed a certain degree of preservation of some traditional names of clothes and footwear due to the existing tradition of using old peasant clothes for mummery during different holidays. The observation made can also be accounted for by a long tradition of producing some items of clothes and footwear in the Volga region. The results of linguistic interaction have been revealed in the group of words under analysis. Among the names of clothes and footwear in the Russian dialects of the Simbirsk Volga region, some of the lexemes can be identified as historicisms, some as regional lexical elements, and some as local elements.
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Harley, Matthew. "Aspects of the phonology and morphosyntax of Kyak, an Adamawa language of Nigeria." Language in Africa 1, no. 3 (2020): 373–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.37892/2686-8946-2020-1-3-373-404.
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This paper provides a preliminary analysis of a few aspects of the phonology and morphosyntax of Kyak [bka], a largely undocumented Adamawa language spoken in the northern part of Taraba State in Nigeria. The paper is divided into four main sections. The first section deals with the phonology, focusing on consonant and vowel inventories, some phonetic processes, and syllable structure. The second section looks at nominal morphology, particularly nominal modifiers and possessive constructions, which show a distinction between alienable and inalienable possession. The third section describes the verbal morphosyntax, identifying the various forms that encode the expression of tense-aspect and person-number. The fourth part looks at a couple of clause/sentence level features, namely the clitic -ŋ, which is associated with the marking of assertiveness, and the use of logophoric pronouns. This is the first description of the phonological and grammatical features of the language, and one of the first for the Jen cluster. It thus adds to the knowledge of the cluster and to the evaluation of genealogical and areal hypotheses which involve languages of this region.
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Greco, Aldo, Davide Luciano De Luca, and Elenio Avolio. "Heavy Precipitation Systems in Calabria Region (Southern Italy): High-Resolution Observed Rainfall and Large-Scale Atmospheric Pattern Analysis." Water 12, no. 5 (2020): 1468. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12051468.
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An in-depth analysis of historical heavy rainfall fields clearly constitutes an important aspect in many related topics: as examples, mesoscale models for early warning systems and the definition of design event scenarios can be improved, with the consequent upgrading in the prediction of induced phenomena (mainly floods and landslides) into specific areas of interest. With this goal, in this work the authors focused on Calabria region (southern Italy) and classified the main precipitation systems through the analysis of selected heavy rainfall events from high resolution rain gauge network time series. Moreover, the authors investigated the relationships among the selected events and the main synoptic atmospheric patterns derived by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) ERA5 Reanalysis dataset, in order to assess the possible large-scale scenarios which can induce heavy rainfall events in the study area. The obtained results highlighted: (i) the importance of areal reduction factors, rainfall intensities and amounts in order to discriminate the investigated precipitations systems for the study area; (ii) the crucial role played by the position of the averaged low-pressure areas over the Mediterranean for the synoptic systems, and by low-level temperature for the convective systems.
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Wang, Shuhong, Jintao Liu, Hamish D. Pritchard, et al. "Characterizing 4 decades of accelerated glacial mass loss in the west Nyainqentanglha Range of the Tibetan Plateau." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 27, no. 4 (2023): 933–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-933-2023.
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Abstract. Glacier retreat is altering the water regime of the Tibetan Plateau (TP) as the region's climate changes, but there remain substantial gaps in our knowledge of recent glacier loss in this region due to the difficulty of making direct high-mountain observations, and this limits our ability to predict the future of this important water resource. Here, we assessed 44 years of glacier area and volume changes in the major west Nyainqentanglha Range (WNR) that supplies meltwater to the densely populated Lhasa River basin and Nam Co, the second largest endorheic lake on the TP. Between the two periods 1976–2000 and 2000–2020, we found that the glacier areal retreat rate more than doubled (from -0.54±0.21 % a−1 to -1.17±0.30 % a−1), and surface lowering also accelerated (from -0.26±0.09 to -0.37±0.15 m w.e a−1) with particularly intense melting after 2014. This acceleration is similar in both timing and magnitude to that observed for Himalayan glaciers farther south. Besides, the areal retreat rate and mass loss rate of most glaciers in the WNR were not synchronized. To understand the sensitivity of WNR glaciers to climate forcing, we examined the effects of topography, debris cover and the presence of proglacial lakes on our observed changes. We found consistently faster areal retreat but slower thinning rates on steeper slopes and an inconsistent relationship with aspect. We concluded that our observed spatial and temporal patterns of glacier change were dominated by observed local variations in temperature and precipitation, the melt-reducing role of supraglacial debris, and the increasing influence of ice-marginal lakes on glacier ablation.
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Dimitrijević, Aleksandar, Aleksandar Milosavljević, and Dejan Rančić. "Efficient Distortion Mitigation and Partition Reduction in Mapping Global Geodata: Dual Orthogonal Equidistant Cylindrical Projection Approach." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 12, no. 7 (2023): 289. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi12070289.
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The rapid growth in Earth’s global geospatial data necessitates an efficient system for organizing the data, facilitating data fusion from diverse sources, and promoting interoperability. Mapping the spheroidal surface of the planet presents significant challenges as it involves balancing distortion and splitting the surface into multiple partitions. The distortion decreases as the number of partitions increases, but, at the same time, the complexity of data processing increases since each partition represents a separate dataset and is defined in its own local coordinate system. In this paper, we propose the Dual Orthogonal Equidistant Cylindrical projection method to mitigate distortion and reduce the number of partitions. Additionally, we use the rotation of the graticule system on the globe to achieve the oblique aspect, which effectively minimizes average angular and areal distortions of Earth’s landmass and reduces the interruption of continental plates caused by partition edges. By incorporating auxiliary latitudes and proposing an approximate authalic latitude, we further enhance the mapping of the ellipsoid onto the sphere, simplifying calculations. The experimental results demonstrate a substantial reduction in distortion and interruption of continental plates. With only two partitions, an average landmass angular distortion of less than 3.56 degrees and an average areal distortion of less than 1.07 were achieved.
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Rendra, Pradnya Paramarta Raditya, Emi Sukiyah, Mohamad Sapari Dwi Hadian, Shaparas Binti Daliman, and Nana Sulaksana. "The Quantitative Geomorphology of Upper Citarik Watershed and Its Implication to the Flash Flood Potential." BIO Web of Conferences 73 (2023): 04010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20237304010.
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The research area is the Upper Citarik Watershed, located in the eastern Bandung Basin, West Java, Indonesia. This research aims to identify the quantitative geomorphology, especially the morphometry of the Upper Citarik Watershed, and its implication for the potential of flash floods. This research was conducted through a studio analysis with the support of thematic maps such as geological and slope maps. The parameters used in this morphometry calculation consist of linear aspects (stream order, stream length, mean stream length, stream length ratio, bifurcation ratio, and mean bifurcation ratio); areal aspect (drainage density, drainage texture, form factor, ratio of circularity, ratio of elongation, and length of overland flow); and relief aspects (watershed relief and relief ratio). The research results show that the Upper Citarik Watershed consists of 17 sub-watersheds that share relatively similar characteristics, including elongated shape with high relief and rather steep - steep slopes. It is predominantly composed of volcanic rocks and slow rising of flash flood. It shows that from a quantitative geomorphology perspective, the research area has high resistance to flash floods. Land use changes need to be a concern to prevent a significant decrease in the ability of land to deal with the flash floods.
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Yakushkina, Ekaterina I. "The vocabulary of the Eastern Hercegovina and Shumadia-Voyvodina dialects of the Serbian language in a comparative aspect." Slavic Almanac, no. 3-4 (2020): 194–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/2073-5731.2020.3-4.2.03.
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The paper deals with the results of a survey of speakers of Eastern Her-cegovian (Western Bosnian, Manjača and Livanjsko Polje districts) and Shumadia-Voyvodina dialects (Rađevina and Podgorina districts) on the base of 370 questions covering the main thematic groups of vocabulary. In comparison with Rađevina, the answers of informants from Western Bosnia contain more words diff erent from the literary language. But most of Bosnian dialect words coexist in with words that are identical to the literary language. The range of lexical diff erences between the Western Bosnian dialect and the Western Serbian dialect is 27%, but half of this number also falls on doublet pairs. A series of diff erential lex-emes demonstrates a clear areal dichotomy between dialects of Western Bosnia and Western Serbia (dimljak — odžak, guliti — ljuštiti, uvor — kresta, gra — pasulj, mrkva — šangarepa, cesta — put, tara — razboj,kruv — hleb). The Western Bosnian corpus is heterogeneous, and the southern dialects, which tend to the Adriatic area, contain more archa-isms and vocabulary characteristic for the Western part of the Serbo-Croatian area.
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Mezenina, Olga. "Determination of the boundaries of the sanitary protection zone of the state regional electric power plant: environmental aspect." E3S Web of Conferences 110 (2019): 02112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911002112.
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In order to ensure the safety of the population around objects and industries that are sources of impact on the environment and human health, a special territory is established with a special regime of use - the sanitary protection zone (SPZ). According to the regulatory framework of Russia, the approximate size of the SPZ should be justified by the project of a sanitary protection zone with calculations of expected air pollution and levels of physical impact on atmospheric air, and confirmed by the results of field studies and measurements. This paper analyzes the requirements and possibilities for establishing the boundaries of the SPZ for a state regional electric power plant (SREPP). The paper presents an example of the established SPZ boundaries of the energy company, where all calculated indicators correspond to sanitary and construction norms and rules, and the company does not need to create a new SPZ project. The new requirements for defining the SPZ boundaries from 2018 are presented, and terms of object outline, areal object and circuit are analyzed.
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Lykhachova, Anzhelika. "THE PALEO-BALKAN LANGUAGES IN THE CONTEXT OF GENEALOGICAL CLASSIFICATION: LINGUOHISTORIOGRAPHIC ASPECT." Studia Linguistica, no. 20 (2022): 71–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/studling2022.20.71-83.
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The purpose of the article is to reveal the features of the study of relict Paleo-Balkan languages in their connection with other Indo-European languages in linguistics of the second half of the XIX century – the beginning of the XXI century. It is noted that when identifying a group of Paleo-Balkan languages, a single criterion has not yet been clearly established: both areal and genetic principles are involved. At the same time the material of Paleo-Balkan languages is not fully taken into account in the genealogical classification of Indo-European languages; if Thracian, Phrygian, and Illyrian languages are included in this classification as separate groups, then the place of old Macedonian, “Pelasgian”, and other Paleo-Balkan languages in the classification is not defined. In addition, the traditional genealogical classification does not take into account the special proximity of Paleo-Balkan languages to Armenian, Albanian and Ancient Greek. The discovery and study of Paleo-Balkan languages are briefly described. The connections of Paleo-Balkan languages with Albanian, Armenian, Ancient Greek, Hittite, Luvian, Baltic, Germanic, Slavic and Indo-Iranian languages are revealed. The author of the article focuses on the fact that Paleo-Balkan languages are mainly reconstructed at the phonological, lexical, derivational levels (to a lesser extent – at the morphological and syntactic levels), although due to the limited and uneven corresponding data, such reconstruction is also limited, and in some cases contradictory. From the point of view of Indo-Europeanists, lexical elements of Paleo-Balkan origin are recorded in modern Albanian, Greek, Bulgarian, Romanian and Armenian. The article emphasizes that Paleo-Balcanistics provided significant factual material important for substrate theory and contributed to the development of the linguistic stratigraphy method.
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Szmyt, Wojciech, Carlos Guerra, and Ivo Utke. "Diffusion of dilute gas in arrays of randomly distributed, vertically aligned, high-aspect-ratio cylinders." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 8 (January 9, 2017): 64–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.8.7.
Full textAbstract:
In this work we modelled the diffusive transport of a dilute gas along arrays of randomly distributed, vertically aligned nanocylinders (nanotubes or nanowires) as opposed to gas diffusion in long pores, which is described by the well-known Knudsen theory. Analytical expressions for (i) the gas diffusion coefficient inside such arrays, (ii) the time between collisions of molecules with the nanocylinder walls (mean time of flight), (iii) the surface impingement rate, and (iv) the Knudsen number of such a system were rigidly derived based on a random-walk model of a molecule that undergoes memoryless, diffusive reflections from nanocylinder walls assuming the molecular regime of gas transport. It can be specifically shown that the gas diffusion coefficient inside such arrays is inversely proportional to the areal density of cylinders and their mean diameter. An example calculation of a diffusion coefficient is delivered for a system of titanium isopropoxide molecules diffusing between vertically aligned carbon nanotubes. Our findings are important for the correct modelling and optimisation of gas-based deposition techniques, such as atomic layer deposition or chemical vapour deposition, frequently used for surface functionalisation of high-aspect-ratio nanocylinder arrays in solar cells and energy storage applications. Furthermore, gas sensing devices with high-aspect-ratio nanocylinder arrays and the growth of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes need the fundamental understanding and precise modelling of gas transport to optimise such processes.
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Sofiyudin, Andriyatno, Rosadi Rosadi, and Dolly Priatna. "Carrying capacity analysis of nature tourism at Selabintana, Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park, West Java." Indonesian Journal of Applied Environmental Studies 2, no. 2 (2021): 113–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.33751/injast.v2i2.3678.
Full textAbstract:
Selabintana management area is one of the nature tourism areas in the Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park (GGPNP) which located in Sukabumi District, West Java. Within the management area which covers 2,547.93 ha, there is a camping ground and waterfall which both are the most attracted for visitors. Efforts are needed to harmonize nature tourism activities with conservation mission, so that visitors can enjoy but the natural environment is maintained. The objective of this research is to determine the carrying capacity for daily tourism and camping activities by considering the aspect of physical, environmental and management aspects. The survey conducted through interviews and questionnaires to 62 tourists, traders and managers of the national park area. The data were analyzed using the carrying capacity assessment method developed by Cifuentes, i.e. calculating the Physical Carrying Capacity (PCC), Real Carrying Capacity (RCC), and Effective Carrying Capacity (ECC). As a result, EEC for daily tourism is 84 visitors/day (PCC RCC ECC with a score of 3,269 98 84), while EEC for camping is 60 visitors/day (PCC RCC with a score of 2,155 69 60). Thus, carrying capacity of nature tourism activities in conservation areas can be calculated based on physical carrying capacity, real carrying capacity, and effective carrying capacity.Kawasan pengelolaan Selabintana merupakan salah satu areal wisata alam yang ada di Taman Nasional Gunung Gede Pangrango (TNGGP) yang terletak di Kabupaten Sukabumi, Jawa Barat. Di dalam areal pengelolaan yang luasnya 2.547,93 ha terdapat camping ground dan air terjun yang merupakan daya tarik utama yang bagi para pengunjung. Diperlukan adanya upaya untuk menyelarasakan kegiatan wisata alam dengan misi konservasi, agar pengunjung dapat menikmati namun lingkungan alam tetap terjaga. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menentukan carrying capacity untuk kegiatan wisata harian dan berkemah dengan mempertimbangkan aspek fisik, lingkungan dan manajemen. Survey dilakukan melalui interview dan kuisioner terhadap 62 wisatawan, pedagang dan pengelola kawasan taman nasional. Data dianalisis dengan metode penilaian carrying capacity yang dikembangkan oleh Cifuentes, yaitu menghitung Daya Dukung Fisik (PCC), Daya Dukung Ril (RCC), serta Daya Dukung Efektif (ECC). Sebagai hasil, EEC untuk wisata harian adalah 84 pengunjung/hari (PCC RCC ECC dengan skor 3.269 98 84), sedangkan EEC untuk berkemah adalah 60 pengunjung/hari (PCC RCC dengan skor 2.155 69 60). Jadi, carrying capacity dalam kegiatan wisata alam di dalam kawasan konservasi dapat ditentukan berdasarkan daya dukung fisik, daya dukung riil, dan daya dukung efektif.
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Adekunle, Feyi, and Abdel-Fattah M. Seyam. "The Effect of Adhesive Quantity on Adhesion Quality and Mechanical Characteristics of Woven Kevlar Fabric-Reinforced Laminated Structures." Journal of Composites Science 8, no. 12 (2024): 505. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs8120505.
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This study investigated the adhesion and mechanical properties of woven fabric-reinforced laminates (FRLs) made with four distinct Kevlar fabrics of varying areal densities (36 g/m2, 60 g/m2, 140 g/m2, and 170 g/m2) under different fabric-to-adhesive weight ratios (1:0.5, 1:1, and 1:1.5) in both the warp and weft directions. A novel aspect of this research lies in our systematic study of the effect of adhesive quantity on FRLs, a topic that has received limited attention despite its critical role in laminate performance. Additionally, the application of a newly developed yarn pullout test alongside the standard T-peel test provides unique insights into the interfacial behavior of laminates. The results show that in lower areal density fabrics (36 g/m2 and 60 g/m2), adhesive quantity minimally affects the pullout and T-peel forces or tear strength, indicating that structural integrity can be maintained with reduced adhesive application. In contrast, higher areal density fabrics (140 g/m2 and 170 g/m2) benefit from an increased adhesive ratio, with a transition from 1:0.5 to 1:1 significantly enhancing the pullout resistance, while further increases to 1:1.5 yielded diminishing returns. Tensile strength remained consistent across all samples, highlighting that it is largely dictated by the inherent properties of the fibers and fabric structure rather than the adhesive. This study concludes that a 1:1 fiber-to-adhesive ratio offers an optimal balance of adhesion quality and mechanical performance for FRLs. By addressing the understudied impact of adhesive quantity on FRLs and introducing the yarn pullout test, this research provides novel and practical guidelines for optimizing FRLs in applications demanding high structural integrity and adaptability under challenging conditions.
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Kovačić, Mirjana, and Tihomir Luković. "Prostorne značajke planiranja i izgradnje luka nautičkog turizma." Geoadria 12, no. 2 (2017): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.15291/geoadria.119.
Full textAbstract:
This paper systematically and clearly defines the significance of these a and coastal are ainnautical tourism activities’ preformances. Ecological aspect of the area is considered and the need for a systematic and multidiscipline planning of its development and the usage is pointed out. With its specificactivityandtheneedforspacearoundthe coastal line within maritime domain, nautical tourism emphasizes problems of protection of costal and sea environment. Location of nautical tourism ports and spatial planning becomes one of the most important issues. Therefore, spatial plans have to be subordinated to the protection and promotion of the environment, which implies efficient, but sensible managing of the coastal area. Authors have emphasized the importance of integral managing in the function of nautical tourism development and selection of nautical tourism ports locations. The significance of sustained research is pointed out in order to understand its role in development of country’s economy. Respecting areal and ecological aspects of nautical tourism development, a sustainable development model of nautical tourism ports has been completed. The model indicates the selection of scientific methodology using methods of multicriterial analysis and team work of experts from various fields.
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Ercanoglu, M. "Landslide susceptibility assessment of SE Bartin (West Black Sea region, Turkey) by artificial neural networks." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 5, no. 6 (2005): 979–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-5-979-2005.
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Abstract. Landslides are significant natural hazards in Turkey, second only to earthquakes with respect to economic losses and casualties. The West Black Sea region of Turkey is known as one of the most landslide-prone regions in the country. The work presented in this paper is aimed at evaluating landslide susceptibility in a selected area in the West Black Sea region using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) method. A total of 317 landslides were identified and mapped in the area by extensive field work and by use of air photo interpretations to build a landslide inventory map. A landslide database was then derived automatically from the landslide inventory map. To evaluate landslide susceptibility, six input parameters (slope angle, slope aspect, topographical elevation, topographical shape, wetness index, and vegetation index) were used. To obtain maps of these parameters, Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and ASTER satellite imagery of the study area were used. At the first stage, all data were normalized in [0, 1] interval, and parameter effects on landslide occurrence were expressed using Statistical Index values (Wi). Then, landslide susceptibility analyses were performed using an ANN. Finally, performance of the resulting map and the applied methodology is discussed relative to performance indicators, such as predicted areal extent of landslides and the strength of relation (rij) value. Much of the areal extents of the landslides (87.2%) were classified as susceptible to landsliding, and rij value of 0.85 showed a high degree of similarity. In addition to these, at the final stage, an independent validation strategy was followed by dividing the landslide data set into two parts and 82.5% of the validation data set was found to be correctly classified as landslide susceptible areas. According to these results, it is concluded that the map produced by the ANN is reliable and methodology applied in the study produced high performance, and satisfactory results.