Academic literature on the topic 'Argument by analogy'

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Journal articles on the topic "Argument by analogy"

1

Juthe, A. "Argument by Analogy." Argumentation 19, no. 1 (2005): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10503-005-2314-9.

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2

McKay, Thomas J. "Analogy and Argument." Teaching Philosophy 20, no. 1 (1997): 49–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/teachphil19972013.

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3

Walton, Douglas, and Curtis Hyra. "Analogical Arguments in Persuasive and Deliberative Contexts." Informal Logic 38, no. 2 (2018): 213–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.22329/il.v38i2.4805.

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This paper uses argumentation tools such as argument diagrams and argumentation schemes to analyze four examples of argument from analogy, and argues that to proceed from there to evaluating these arguments, features of the context of dialogue need to be taken into account. The evidence drawn from these examples is taken to support a pragmatic approach to studying argument from analogy, meaning that identifying the logical form of the argument by building an argument diagram of the premises and conclusion is not by itself sufficient for argument evaluation. To get further, it is argued, the argument evaluator needs to take into account how this particular argument was used in context to support a conversational goal.Cet article utilise des outils d'argumentation tels que des diagrammes d'argument et des schèmes d'argumentation pour analyser trois exemples d'argument par analogie, et soutient que pour évaluer ces arguments de manière adéquate, il est nécessaire de tenir compte du contexte d'utilisation de l'argument. Ces exemples suggèrent que l’étude des arguments par analogie à partir de seulement l’identification de leur forme logique (par exemple en construisant un diagramme des prémisses et de leur conclusion) n'est pas adéquate. Pour aller plus loin, on avance que l'analyste d'argument doit prendre en compte comment un argument particulier a été utilisé dans un contexte pour soutenir un but conversationnel.
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4

Frega, Roberto. "Against Analogy." Democratic Theory 7, no. 1 (2020): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/dt.2020.070102.

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This article asks whether the analogy between state and firm is a promising strategy for promoting workplace democracy and provides a negative answer, explaining why analogical arguments are not a good strategy for justifying workplace democracy. The article contends that the state-firm analogy is misguided for at least three reasons: (1) it is structurally inconclusive, (2) it is based on a category mistake, and (3) it leads us away from the central question we should ask, which is: What would concretely imply, and what is required, in order to democratize the workplace? I begin by offering an interpretation of the state-firm analogy which shows that use of the analogical argument in Dahl’s justification of workplace democracy engenders excessive and unnecessary theoretical costs which bear negatively on his conclusion. I then proceed to examine more recent contributions to the debate and show that supporters and critics of the state-firm analogy alike do not advance our understanding of the analogical argument. In the last part of the article I provide a general theoretical explanation of why arguments based on the state-firm analogy are not good candidates for defending workplace democracy.
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5

Benham, Bryan. "Analogies and Other Minds." Informal Logic 29, no. 2 (2009): 198. http://dx.doi.org/10.22329/il.v29i2.1226.

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The argument by analogy for other minds is customarily rejected as a weak inference because the argument is based on a single instance. The current paper argues that this objection fundamentally misunderstands the inferential structure of analogies and so misrepresents the role analogy plays in the justifycation of belief in other minds. Arguments by be uniquely suited to draw inferences from single instances. This defense does not remove all difficulties faced by the argument by analogy for other minds.
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6

Langenbucher, Katja. "Argument by Analogy In Europian Law." Cambridge Law Journal 57, no. 3 (1998): 481–521. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008197398003031.

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ARGUMENT by analogy is one of the oldest methods of decision making. Whenever the similarity between two situations induces someone to decide one case like another, an analogy is drawn. Argument by analogy also forms an integral part of legal reasoning. Arguably, every legal tradition employs some version of it to justify judicial decisions. European law has only just started to develop its own distinct jurisprudence. As the various judicial systems present in the European Union struggle for recognition of their legal heritage, the way in which arguments by analogy will be used on an European level is likely to combine different approaches.
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7

Foley, Richard. "Likelihood, Analogy, and the Design Argument: A Discussion of Sober." History of Philosophy and Logical Analysis 16, no. 1 (2013): 309–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.30965/26664275-01601013.

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Recent work by Eliot Sober regarding the logical structure of the design argument challenges widely held views on how the history of this argument should be understood. This novel “likelihood interpretation” denies that the design argument is an analogical argument. Instead, Sober suggests that all references to artifacts serve an exclusively heuristic function, and do not play an evidential role in the design argument. In contrast, I contend that philosophical considerations as well as historical analysis of the works of David Hume and William Paley establish that the design argument should be understood as a sophisticated analogical argument, albeit one susceptible to Philo’s most refined skeptical arguments.
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8

Bruckner, Donald W. "Gun Control and Alcohol Policy." Social Theory and Practice 44, no. 2 (2018): 149–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/soctheorpract20185834.

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Hugh LaFollette, Jeff McMahan, and David DeGrazia endorse the most popular and convincing argument for the strict regulation of firearms in the U.S. The argument is based on the extensive, preventable harm caused by firearms. DeGrazia offers another compelling argument based on the rights of those threatened by firearms. My thesis is a conditional: if these usual arguments for gun control succeed, then alcoholic beverages should be controlled much more strictly than they are, possibly to the point of prohibition. The argument for this thesis involves developing a careful analogy between firearms and alcohol and defending the analogy against objections.
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9

Bermejo-Luque, Lilian. "A Unitary Schema for Arguments by Analogy." Informal Logic 32, no. 1 (2012): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22329/il.v32i1.3332.

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Following a Toulmian account of argument analysis and evaluation, I offer a general unitary schema for, so called, deductive and inductive types of analogical arguments. This schema is able to explain why certain analogical arguments can be said to be deductive, and yet, also defeasible.
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10

ZACKARIASSON, ULF. "A problem with Alston's indirect analogy-argument from religious experience." Religious Studies 42, no. 3 (2006): 329–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034412506008432.

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In this paper, William Alston's argument from religious experience in Perceiving God is characterized and assessed as an indirect analogy-argument. Such arguments, I propose, should establish two similarities between sense perception (SP) and religious experience (CMP): a structural and a functional. I argue that Alston neglects functional similarity, and that SP and CMP actually perform different functions within the practices they belong to. Alston's argument is therefore significantly weaker than generally assumed. Finally, I argue that regardless of whether an increased emphasis on fruits could strengthen indirect analogy-arguments or not, this is not a strategy available to Alston as long as he retains his commitments to religious exclusivism and a religious metaphysical realism.
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