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Journal articles on the topic 'Atypical pattern'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 9 March 2023
Last updated: 19 July 2025

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1

Owen, Nichole, Weimin Bi, Xiaonan Zhao, and Janice Smith. "Characterization of atypical IGH rearrangement patterns in plasma cell neoplasms." Journal of Clinical Oncology 42, no. 16_suppl (2024): e19525-e19525. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2024.42.16_suppl.e19525.

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e19525 Background: Approximately half of plasma cell neoplasms carry a primary IGH rearrangement, the most common partners being t(4;14) FGFR3/IGH, t(11;14) CCND1/IGH, and t(14;16) IGH/MAF. While the typical IGH breakapart (BAP) patterns are well-described, atypical patterns are scarcely summarized in the literature. Characterizing atypical or variant patterns aid in the interpretation of positive results, the understanding of pathogenesis and clone evolution, and from a lab perspective, ranking probes for reflex when limited sample is available. Methods: Bone marrow samples underwent CD138 separation to enrich for plasma cells. Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) was performed using a panel of probes including the IGH BAP probe (3' red, 5' green). If the IGH BAP probe was positive for any typical or atypical pattern, reflex testing was initiated with dual fusion FISH probes for FGFR3, CCND1 and MAF. For all cases, a typical pattern for the IGH BAP is considered 1Y1R1G and atypical is any deviation from that pattern that includes at least one single red or green signal. For dual fusion probes, the typical pattern is considered 2Y1R1G. Results: Over a two year period at a reference laboratory, 184 bone marrow samples were positive for either a typical or an atypical IGH rearrangement by FISH and reflexed to the dual fusion FISH panel described above. Of these, 19 represented repeat samples from a previously tested patient; however, they were included in this study as clones often evolve leading to different patterns than observed previously. No patient was included more than twice. Of 184 samples, 105 were rearranged with CCND1, 24 with FGFR3, and 15 with MAF. The remaining 38 samples had an unknown partner. These figures approximate the relative frequency of each partner with typical rearrangements described in the literature, with CCND1 as the most common followed by FGFR3 and MAF. For cases with FGFR3 rearrangements, 11/24 had an atypical pattern with the IGH BAP probe. The 1Y1G (n=8) pattern was the most common; this pattern was rarely observed in cases of CCND1 or MAF. For cases with CCND1 rearrangements, 41 had atypical patterns; the most common was 1Y1R (n=22) followed by 1Y2R1G representing a gain of the der(14) (n=10). The 1Y1R pattern is enriched in CCND1 and MAF rearrangements and absent from FGFR3 cases. The 1Y2R1G pattern is unique to CCND1 in this cohort.For MAF, 8/15 cases had an atypical pattern including 5 with the 1Y1R pattern. Other rare atypical patterns were also observed. Conclusions: The most common atypical IGH BAP patterns are characterized and show non-random association with specific rearrangement partners. Utilizing specific atypical patterns as a guide may inform probe choices when limited plasma cells are available, and aid in the interpretation of positive results. [Table: see text]
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Shrestha, Pragya, Dil Islam Mansur, Subindra Karki, Sheprala Shrestha, Sunima Maskey, and Roshan Chaudary. "Atypical Pattern of the Intrahepatic Biliary Duct on Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study." Journal of Nepal Medical Association 60, no. 255 (2022): 955–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31729/jnma.7658.

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Introduction: The liver possesses different patterns of intrahepatic duct confluences. Even though the typical pattern of the intrahepatic biliary duct is common, atypical variations are also frequently witnessed. The knowledge of the atypical intrahepatic biliary confluences is inevitable during hepato-biliary surgery to reduce post-operative complications. The aim of the study was to find out the prevalence of the atypical pattern of intrahepatic biliary duct pattern on magnetic resonanace cholangiopancreatography in a tertiary care centre. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was done in a tertiary care centre after receiveing ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee [Reference number: KUSMS/IRC (248/2021)]. The branching patterns of the atypical intrahepatic biliary pattern were observed in Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography images and were classified. Convenience sampling was used. Point estimate and 95% Confidence Interval were calculated. Results: Among 199 magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography images, the atypical intrahepatic biliary duct was observed in 48 (24.12%) (18.18-30.06, 95% Confidence Interval) of the images. Conclusions: The prevalence of the atypical intrahepatic biliary duct pattern is lower as compared to other studies done in similar settings.
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Bhattad, Pradnya Brijmohan, and Vinay Jain. "Atrial Flutter- The Atypical Pattern." Journal of Medical Research 5, no. 6 (2019): 246. http://dx.doi.org/10.31254/jmr.2019.5614.

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Glass, L. R., S. T. Ingalls, C. L. Schilling, and C. L. Hoppel. "Atypical Urinary Opiate Excretion Pattern." Journal of Analytical Toxicology 21, no. 6 (1997): 509–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jat/21.6.509.

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5

Kanthi, Janu Mangala, Sudha Sumathy, Anu Vasudevan, and Gokulkumar Kamalanathandurai. "Clinical study of risk factors and ultrasonographic correlation of endometrial hyperplasia according to the WHO classification 2014." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 9, no. 12 (2020): 4989. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20205235.

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Background: Type 1 endometrial carcinoma is usually preceded by atypical hyperplasia. Nonatypical hyperplasia should be managed conservatively and atypical hyperplasia have to be managed aggressively. So, the diagnosis is crucial for its management.Methods: The study population included women diagnosed with endometrial hyperplasia by histopathology as per WHO classification 2014 from the year January 2015 to February 2020.Women with endometrial polyp diagnosed by transvaginal ultrasonography and histopathology were excluded. Primary objective was to compare the endometrial thickness between the two types of hyperplasia. Secondary objective was to analyses the risk factors of the two types.Results: In multivariate analysis of logistic regression, diabetic women have 1.57 times risk of developing atypia and obese women have 3.12 times risk of developing atypia. Polycystic ovarian disease is having borderline significance for causing atypia. There was significant difference in endometrial thickness between atypical and nonatypical hyperplasia (P=0.040). In premenopausal women, (P=0.069) the thickness difference in atypia is of only borderline significance. Heteroechoic pattern or cystic spaces in the endometrium also didn’t predict atypia.Conclusions: Mean endometrial thickness is significantly different in atypical hyperplasia. Heteroechoic pattern of endometrium do not predict atypia. We need color doppler sonography to gain knowledge about atypia. Obesity and diabetes mellitus are significant risk factors of atypia.
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Kato, Terufumi, Fumikazu Sakai, Tomohisa Baba, et al. "Nivolumab-induced interstitial lung disease (ILD) in Japanese patients with non-small cell lung cancer: A study on risk factors for fatal outcome." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 15_suppl (2017): 9077. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.9077.

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9077 Background: We investigated case reports of nivolumab-induced ILD in patients with non-small cell lung cancer to identify risk factors for poor prognosis of ILD. Methods: Among data obtained during post-marketing surveillance of nivolumab, case reports of ILD with detailed clinical course and chest imaging (CT) findings were assessed by the ILD Expert Review Committee, which consists of respiratory medicine specialists and expert chest radiologists. The imaging findings were examined and classified into those with typical or atypical patterns. Atypical patterns included shadows limited to surrounding tumors designated as “peritumoral infiltration”, relapse of radiation pneumonitis, worsening of underlying infection, and predominant shadow in diseased side. CT pattern was classified as DAD (diffuse alveolar damage) or non-DAD. Data were analyzed using a multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis. Results: Among 160 reported cases of ILD, 140 cases were considered to be induced by nivolumab. Imaging findings showed typical patterns in 92 patients, and 23 (25.0%) died of ILD. Atypical patterns were noted in 48 patients, and 5 (10.4%) died of ILD. The following table summarizes the results of univariate and multivariate analyses of risk factors for poor prognosis of ILD. See table. DAD pattern was observed in 20, 14 (70%) among them showed fatal outcome, whereas non-DAD pattern showed it in 14/120 (11.7%). Male and pretreatment CRP level were significant risk factors for fatal outcome. Conclusions: Nivolumab-induced ILD may show some atypical pattern that was not seen in conventional chemotherapy or EGFR-TKI. Outcome of patients with atypical patterns was better than those with typical patterns. DAD pattern at CT, male, and pretreatment level of CRP were identified as risk factors of fatal outcome. [Table: see text]
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Kim, Bomin, Beom Jin Kim, Hong Jip Yoon, et al. "Atypical Scar Patterns after Gastric Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection." Korean Journal of Helicobacter and Upper Gastrointestinal Research 21, no. 1 (2021): 72–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.7704/kjhugr.2020.0047.

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Background/Aims: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for gastric neoplasms is a widely performed procedure. Local recurrence is rare, but various post-ESD scars are encountered during follow-up endoscopy. Therefore, we investigated atypical scar patterns and evaluated the associated factors.Materials and Methods: Clinicopathologic and endoscopic reviews of gastric neoplasms treated with ESD from January 2009 to December 2015 were conducted. Atypical scar patterns were classified as irregular erythema, nodularity, or mucosal defect.Results: A total of 264 patients with 274 gastric neoplasms, including 201 adenomas and 73 early gastric cancers, were enrolled. The key endoscopic findings at the resection scar were defined on the basis of gross morphology as follows: irregular erythema, mucosal defect (erosion or ulcer), and nodularity. An irregular erythema scar pattern was associated with male sex, a nodularity scar pattern with smoking, and a mucosal defect scar pattern with infra-angle location (angle and antrum) and cancer. An irregular erythema with nodularity scar pattern was also associated with male sex. An irregular erythema with nodularity and mucosal defect scar pattern was associated with liver disease and chronic kidney disease.Conclusions: The atypical scar patterns after gastric ESD are associated with various clinicopathologic factors.
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Barata, Ana, Gunel Kizi, Luis Proença, Valter Alves, and Ana Delgado. "Mouth Breathing and Atypical Swallowing in Adult Orthodontic Patients at Egas Moniz Dental Clinic: A Pilot Study." Medical Sciences Forum 5, no. 1 (2021): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/msf2021005020.

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Background: Mouth breathing and atypical swallowing are myofunctional problems, emerging as a pathological adaptation. This exploratory study was aimed to investigate the possible relation between breathing and swallowing patterns in adults. Methods: A total of 58 patients referred to the Orthodontic Department at Egas Moniz Dental Clinic were enrolled. Results: Atypical swallowing was more prevalent in women (78.0%) than in men (47.1%). A significantly higher proportion of patients exhibiting both mouth breathing and atypical swallowing were identified (46.6%). Swallowing pattern was found to be significantly associated with gender and breathing pattern.
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9

KNAPIK, JAY R., and DAN C. GALLOWAY. "Atypical CT Pattern in Multiple Sclerosis." Southern Medical Journal 80, no. 6 (1987): 777–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00007611-198706000-00028.

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10

HARDOFF, RUTH, SARA GIPS, UZI MILMAN, and SHONFELD SIMON. "Atypical Scintigraphic Pattern of Liver Hemangioma." Clinical Nuclear Medicine 14, no. 5 (1989): 376–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003072-198905000-00016.

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Pitarch, G. "Dermoscopic Rainbow Pattern in Atypical Fibroxanthoma." Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas (English Edition) 105, no. 1 (2014): 97–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.adengl.2012.11.027.

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Lax Pérez, Raquel, and Ismael García Costa. "Atypical pattern of Maisonneuve’s fracture–dislocation." European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology 19, no. 4 (2009): 291–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00590-008-0415-5.

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13

Nation, Kate, and Sophia Penny. "Sensitivity to eye gaze in autism: Is it normal? Is it automatic? Is it social?" Development and Psychopathology 20, no. 1 (2008): 79–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579408000047.

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AbstractChildren with autism are developmentally delayed in following the direction of another person's gaze in social situations. A number of studies have measured reflexive orienting to eye gaze cues using Posner-style laboratory tasks in children with autism. Some studies observe normal patterns of cueing, suggesting that children with autism are alert to the significance of the eyes, whereas other studies reveal an atypical pattern of cueing. We review this contradictive evidence to consider the extent to which sensitivity to gaze is normal, and ask whether apparently normal performance may be a consequence of atypical (nonsocial) mechanisms. Our review concludes by highlighting the importance of adopting a developmental perspective if we are to understand the reasons why people with autism process eye gaze information atypically.
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14

Tremblay, Cécilia, Geidy E. Serrano, Anthony J. Intorcia, et al. "Hemispheric Asymmetry and Atypical Lobar Progression of Alzheimer-Type Tauopathy." Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology 81, no. 3 (2022): 158–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jnen/nlac008.

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Abstract The spread of neurofibrillary tau pathology in Alzheimer disease (AD) mostly follows a stereotypical pattern of topographical progression but atypical patterns associated with interhemispheric asymmetry have been described. Because histopathological studies that used bilateral sampling are limited, this study aimed to assess interhemispheric tau pathology differences and the presence of topographically atypical cortical spreading patterns. Immunohistochemical staining for detection of tau pathology was performed in 23 regions of interest in 57 autopsy cases comparing bilateral cortical regions and hemispheres. Frequent mild (82% of cases) and occasional moderate (32%) interhemispheric density discrepancies were observed, whereas marked discrepancies were uncommon (7%) and restricted to occipital regions. Left and right hemispheric tau pathology dominance was observed with similar frequencies, except in Braak Stage VI that favored a left dominance. Interhemispheric Braak stage differences were observed in 16% of cases and were more frequent in advanced (IV–VI) versus early (I–III) stages. One atypical lobar topographical pattern in which occipital tau pathology density exceeded frontal lobe scores was identified in 4 cases favoring a left dominant asymmetry. We speculate that asymmetry and atypical topographical progression patterns may be associated with atypical AD clinical presentations and progression characteristics, which should be tested by comprehensive clinicopathological correlations.
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Tungaraza, Tongeji E., Seema Gupta, Jane Jones, Rob Poole, and Gary Slegg. "Polypharmacy and high-dose antipsychotic regimes in the community." Psychiatrist 34, no. 2 (2010): 44–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.bp.108.020776.

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Aims and methodTo determine the pattern of psychotropic prescribing in a group of people with psychosis who were living in the community under community mental health team (CMHT) care. Case-note entries over the previous 12 months were examined.ResultsOnly a third of individuals were on one psychotropic medication. Atypical antipsychotics were prescribed to 80.6%. Polypharmacy was common. A third of people were taking three or more psychotropic drugs and 13.7% were on high-dose regimes, mostly involving two atypical antipsychotics.Clinical implicationsThe use of atypicals has not eliminated polypharmacy or high-dose antipsychotic regimes. Clinicians need to be aware of this long-standing problem.
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Price, Rebecca B., Adriene M. Beltz, Mary L. Woody, Logan Cummings, Danielle Gilchrist, and Greg J. Siegle. "Neural Connectivity Subtypes Predict Discrete Attentional-Bias Profiles Among Heterogeneous Anxiety Patients." Clinical Psychological Science 8, no. 3 (2020): 491–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2167702620906149.

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On average, anxious patients show altered attention to threat—including early vigilance toward threat and later avoidance of threat—accompanied by altered functional connectivity across brain regions. However, substantial heterogeneity within clinical, neural, and attentional features of anxiety is overlooked in typical group-level comparisons. We used a well-validated method for data-driven parsing of neural connectivity to reveal connectivity-based subgroups among 60 adults with transdiagnostic anxiety. Subgroups were externally compared on attentional patterns derived from independent behavioral measures. Two subgroups emerged. Subgroup A (68% of patients) showed stronger executive network influences on sensory processing regions and a paradigmatic “vigilance–avoidance” pattern on external behavioral measures. Subgroup B was defined by a larger number of limbic influences on sensory regions and exhibited a more atypical and inconsistent attentional profile. Neural connectivity-based categorization revealed an atypical, limbic-driven pattern of connectivity in a subset of anxious patients that generalized to atypical patterns of selective attention.
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Dattel, Andrew R., Francis T. Durso, and Raynald Bédard. "Procedural or Conceptual Training: Which is Better for Teaching Novice Pilots Landings and Traffic Patterns?" Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 53, no. 26 (2009): 1964–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120905302618.

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Forty-eight student pilots and recently licensed private pilots were randomly assigned to one of three training groups: procedural, conceptual, and control. Participants in the procedural group spent approximately two hours reading text and watching videos specific to the step-by-step procedures of how to fly traffic patterns and land an airplane. Participants in the conceptual group spent approximately two hours reading reasoning explanations, everyday metaphors to aviation, and viewing diagrams of traffic patterns and landings. Participants in the control group spent approximately two hours watching aviation-themed videos and reading aviation-themed text, but unrelated to traffic patterns, landings, or any other flight task. During training, participants answered questions specific to the material they were reading or watching. At the conclusion of the training participants were tested on typical and atypical traffic pattern performance, typical and atypical landing performance, and routine and non routine situations for 20 minutes in a medium fidelity flight simulator. Conceptual training was best for traffic pattern performance and atypical landings. Additionally, the conceptual group had better situation awareness than the procedural and control groups for landing situations and non routine traffic pattern situations. Finally, the procedural group did not show better performance than the control group on any test.
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A. Joshi, Anagha, Gayathri B. R., and Fazeela Muneer. "Dynamics of differential count in dengue." International Journal of Advances in Medicine 5, no. 1 (2018): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20180074.

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Background: Dengue can occur as epidemics in India. Early diagnosis reduces mortality. Differential white cell count can aid in diagnosing and prognosticating Dengue in resource limited areas. Aim and objectives of this study were to assess patterns and utility of Differential counts in Dengue.Methods: A total of 132 serologically positive Dengue cases were analysed over the month of November 2016. Hematology data obtained from analysers and Leishman smears were tabulated and analysed.Results: The study showed lymphocytosis as the predominant pattern (65%) followed by neutropenia (30%), neutrophilia (11%), eosinophilia (5%), monocytosis (5%) and basophilia (4%). Atypical lymphocytosis ≥ 15% were noted in 65% of the cases with 83% showing Plasmacytoid lymphocytes, 8% apoptotic lymphocytes and 43% showed other atypical lymphocytes. Also, 52% of lymphocytosis and 33% of neutrophilia cases showed severe thrombocytopenia (≤ 0.5 lakhs per cu mm). Lymphocytosis was noted to be an early event but was established in later stages as seen with serology pattern association, 28% associated with NS1 antigen test (non-structural protein 1) and 42% with antibody pattern. However, neutrophilia with 60% of cases seen in antibody pattern was a late event. Plasmacytoid lymphocytosis was noted uniformly through all serology patterns in contrast with other atypical lymphocytosis which was seen mostly (48%) in antibody pattern. Apoptotic lymphocytosis was also a late event associated mainly with antibody pattern (55%).Conclusions: The Differential white cell count can be a useful supplementary test along with serology in resource limited peripheral areas. It additionally serves to drastically reduce morbidity and mortality.
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Wong, Alvin, Balamurugan Vellayappan, Lenith Cheng, et al. "Atypical Response Patterns in Renal Cell Carcinoma Treated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors—Navigating the Radiologic Potpourri." Cancers 13, no. 7 (2021): 1689. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13071689.

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Background: Atypical response patterns have been a topic of increasing relevance since the advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), challenging the traditional RECIST (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors) method of tumor response assessment. Newer immune-related response criteria can allow for the evolution of radiologic pseudoprogression, but still fail to capture the full range of atypical response patterns encountered in clinical reporting. Methods: We did a detailed lesion-by-lesion analysis of the serial imaging of 46 renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients treated with ICIs with the aim of capturing the full range of radiologic behaviour. Results: Atypical response patterns observed included pseudoprogression (n = 15; 32.6%), serial pseudoprogression (n = 4; 8.7%), dissociated response (n = 22; 47.8%), abscopal response (n = 9; 19.6%), late response (n = 5; 10.9%), and durable response after cessation of immunotherapy (n = 2; 4.3%). Twenty-four of 46 patients (52.2%) had at least one atypical response pattern and 18 patients (39.1%) had multiple atypical response patterns. Conclusions: There is a high incidence of atypical response patterns in RCC patients receiving ICIs and the study contributes to the growing literature on the abscopal effect. The recognition of these interesting and overlapping radiologic patterns challenges the oncologist to tweak treatment options such that the clinical benefits of ICIs are potentially maximized.
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Kim, Si-yeon, Jae-Joon Chung, Myeong-Jin Kim, Sumi Park, Jong Tae Lee, and Hyung Sik Yoo. "Atypical Inside-Out Pattern of Hepatic Hemangiomas." American Journal of Roentgenology 174, no. 6 (2000): 1571–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2214/ajr.174.6.1741571.

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Yang, Yingchao, Yeshuo Ma, Da Yin, et al. "Atypical and delayed de Winter electrocardiograph pattern." Medicine 98, no. 18 (2019): e15436. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000015436.

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Zeng, Zhen, Tijiang Zhang, Yihua Zhou, and Xiaoxi Chen. "Atypical Growth Pattern of an Intraparenchymal Meningioma." Case Reports in Radiology 2016 (2016): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7985402.

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Meningiomas are the most common primary nonneuroglial extra-axial neoplasms, which commonly present as spherical or oval masses with a dural attachment. Meningiomas without dural attachment are rare and, according to their locations, are classified into 5 varieties, including intraventricular, deep Sylvain fissure, pineal region, intraparenchymal, or subcortical meningiomas. To the best of our knowledge, intraparenchymal meningioma with cerebriform pattern has never been reported. In this paper, we report a 34-year-old Chinese male patient who presented with paroxysmal headaches and progressive loss of vision for 10 months and blindness for 2 weeks. A thorough physical examination revealed loss of bilateral direct and indirect light reflex. No other relevant medical history and neurologic deficits were noted. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging scans showed an irregular mass with a unique cerebriform pattern and extensive peritumoral edema in the parietal-occipital-temporal region of the right cerebral hemisphere. The initial diagnosis was lymphoma. Intraoperatively, the tumor was completely buried in a sulcus in the parietal-occipital-temporal region without connecting to the dura. The histological diagnosis was intracranial meningioma based on pathological examination. Therefore, when an unusual cerebriform growth pattern of a tumor is encountered, an intraparenchymal meningioma should be considered as a differential diagnosis.
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GUPTA, ARUN KUMAR, M. BERRY, and Professor S. Bhargava. "Atypical Target Pattern: Sonography in GIT lesions." Australasian Radiology 31, no. 3 (1987): 281–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1673.1987.tb01831.x.

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Judith A. Gierut, Annette Hust Cham. "Ingressive substitutions: typical or atypical phonological pattern?" Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics 14, no. 8 (2000): 603–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/026992000750048134.

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Ozluk, E., and E. Wei. "Nodular Lymphocyte Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Rare Case with Fan Pattern E." American Journal of Clinical Pathology 154, Supplement_1 (2020): S107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/aqaa161.234.

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Abstract Introduction/Objective Growth patterns of nodular lymphocyte predominant Hogdkin lymphoma (NLPHL) has been further described by Fan et all. Pattern E is T cell/histiocyte rich large B-cell lymphoma-like and is quite rare. The treatment usually may follow large B cell lymphoma protocol instead of Hodgkin lymphoma regimen. Methods Here we report a patient with NLPHL pattern E. Patient was a 25 years-old African American man who initially presented with generalized lymphadenopathy. Results Biopsy of the axillary lymph node revealed effaced lymph node architecture by a malignant neoplasm in a diffuse and vaguely nodular pattern. In the background of a diffuse infiltrate, there were small to medium sized lymphocytes, numerous atypical large cells with irregular, basophilic nucleoli, and variable cytoplasm. The large cells focally sheeted out. Many histiocytes were also seen in the background. The large atypical cells were positive for CD20, BOB-1, OCT2, BCL-2 (focally), BCL-6, PAX5, and MUM-1, and IgD, whereas negative for BCL-1, CD10, CD15, CD30. CD2, CD3, CD4, CD5, CD7, CD8 highlighted numerous T cells with mild cytological atypia, forming rosettes around the large atypical cells. T cells were negative for ALK-1, CD1a, TdT with increased Ki-67 proliferation index around 35%. Although the surrounding T cells appear atypical in morphology, flow cytometric analysis showed predominantly reactive T-cells with no loss of T-cell associated antigens. PCR analysis showed a producible peak in a single IgH reaction. However, the fragment size of the peak observed did not meet the criteria. T-cell gene rearrangement by TCR gamma and TCR beta PCR was negative for monoclonal T-cells. BCL-1, BCL-2, and BCL-6 FISH panel were negative for gene rearrangements. Based on these findings the diagnosis was made at stage IV. Patient started treatment with R-CHOP therapy with subsequent relapse. Patient has been placed on RICE chemotherapy with partial response. Conclusion NLPHL Pattern E type should be differentiated from classical Hodgkin lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and peripheral T cell lymphoma because the treatment greatly differs from those with higher stage and tendency for recurrence. It is the pathologist role to lead the clinician and render a correct histopathologic diagnosis.
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Goswami, Manash Kumar. "Atypical central serous chorioretinopathy treated with intravitreal injection of bivacizumab – a case report." Ibrahim Medical College Journal 9, no. 1 (2016): 34–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/imcj.v9i1.27639.

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Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) is common in adult male having sudden dimness of vision in one eye and typical pattern of leakage in fundus fluorescein angiography. Treatment of typical central serous chorioretinopathy is conservative and / or focal laser photocoagulation. But atypical central serous chorioretinopathy is uncommon having different patterns of clinical presentation and features in fundous fluorescein angiography. Treatment option of atypical central serous chorioretinopathy is not yet established. Here, we present a case of atypical central serous chorioretinopathy successfully treated with intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF, Bivacizumab).Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2015; 9(1): 34-36
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Julaeha, Julaeha, Verra Yuliana, and Josephine Paramita Ayuningtyas. "Trend in the Utilization of Antipsychotics in the National Health Coverage Era in Indonesia: A Cross-Sectional Study." Borneo Journal of Pharmacy 7, no. 2 (2024): 224–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.33084/bjop.v7i2.4909.

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The utilization pattern of antipsychotics has undergone significant changes since the introduction of atypical antipsychotics. Currently, medication for patients with schizophrenia predominantly uses atypical antipsychotics rather than typical antipsychotics. This study aimed to present the updated utilization pattern of antipsychotics among Indonesians. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2019-2020 at the National Mental Hospital in Indonesia. Data were collected from medication-used reports from either inpatients or outpatients. A descriptive analysis was conducted to present the pattern and the annual total cost for each antipsychotic used. The pattern of typical antipsychotics used from 2019 to 2020 was likely to decline. The total cost estimated for typical antipsychotics in 2019 was IDR 475 million, and IDR 420 million in 2020. Trifluoperazine 5 mg was the most commonly typical antipsychotic used, followed by chlorpromazine 100 mg and haloperidol 5 mg. Eventually, the pattern of atypical antipsychotics used was likely to increase. The total cost was estimated at IDR 3.2 billion in 2019 and IDR 3.8 billion in 2020. Risperidone 2 mg was the most commonly atypical antipsychotic used, followed by clozapine 25 mg and risperidone 3 mg. This study proves the trend toward increased atypical antipsychotics used. Accordingly, the cost of schizophrenia treatment was elevated.
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Morton, Sarah U., Lara Maleyeff, David Wypij, et al. "Abnormal Left-Hemispheric Sulcal Patterns Correlate with Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Subjects with Single Ventricular Congenital Heart Disease." Cerebral Cortex 30, no. 2 (2019): 476–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhz101.

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AbstractNeurodevelopmental abnormalities are the most common noncardiac complications in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD). Prenatal brain abnormalities may be due to reduced oxygenation, genetic factors, or less commonly, teratogens. Understanding the contribution of these factors is essential to improve outcomes. Because primary sulcal patterns are prenatally determined and under strong genetic control, we hypothesized that they are influenced by genetic variants in CHD. In this study, we reveal significant alterations in sulcal patterns among subjects with single ventricle CHD (n = 115, 14.7 ± 2.9 years [mean ± standard deviation]) compared with controls (n = 45, 15.5 ± 2.4 years) using a graph-based pattern-analysis technique. Among patients with CHD, the left hemisphere demonstrated decreased sulcal pattern similarity to controls in the left temporal and parietal lobes, as well as the bilateral frontal lobes. Temporal and parietal lobes demonstrated an abnormally asymmetric left–right pattern of sulcal basin area in CHD subjects. Sulcal pattern similarity to control was positively correlated with working memory, processing speed, and executive function. Exome analysis identified damaging de novo variants only in CHD subjects with more atypical sulcal patterns. Together, these findings suggest that sulcal pattern analysis may be useful in characterizing genetically influenced, atypical early brain development and neurodevelopmental risk in subjects with CHD.
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Rotenberg, Z., I. Weinberger, E. Davidson, J. Fuchs, O. Sperling, and J. Agmon. "Atypical patterns of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes in acute myocardial infarction." Clinical Chemistry 34, no. 6 (1988): 1096–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/34.6.1096.

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Abstract Total lactate dehydrogenase (LD; EC 1.1.1.27) activity in serum and LD isoenzymes were quantified in 190 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) 24, 48, and 72 h after admission. In 90% of the 570 blood specimens an LD isoenzyme pattern typical of AMI (LD-1/LD-2 greater than 0.76) was found. The other 56 blood specimens showed an LD isoenzyme pattern atypical of AMI (LD-1/LD-2 less than 0.76). They were divided into three groups: 28 specimens with isomorphic pattern (relative increase in all five LD isoenzymes); 18 with relatively increased LD-3 proportion (greater than 35%); and 10 specimens with increased LD-5 proportion (greater than 10%). No difference was found in mean total LD activity in serum between the typical isoenzyme group and the three atypical groups. The LD isomorphic pattern was found in 60% of AMI patients complicated by cardiogenic shock. Fifty percent of AMI patients admitted with pulmonary edema showed increased LD-3 proportion and half of the patients with AMI and congestive heart failure, predominant right, demonstrated increased LD-5 proportion. We conclude that although most patients with AMI present at diagnosis with a typical LD isoenzyme pattern, it is important to recognize that some may present with atypical LD isoenzyme patterns, which may be associated with specific AMI complications.
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Caruso, Gaetano, Nicola Corradi, Tommaso Amoroso, Ilaria Martini, Vincenzo Lorusso, and Leo Massari. "Atypical periprosthetic femur fracture on an underestimated atypical femoral pattern. A case report." Trauma Case Reports 32 (April 2021): 100407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tcr.2021.100407.

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31

López, Liurka, and Román Vélez. "Atypical Fibroxanthoma." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 140, no. 4 (2016): 376–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/arpa.2014-0495-rs.

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Atypical fibroxanthoma is a malignant skin tumor with histologic features similar to those of undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, but lacking its more aggressive behavior. The tumor is composed of pleomorphic cells with hyperchromatic nuclei and abundant cytoplasm, commonly arranged in a spindle cell pattern. Recent genetic studies have identified similarities between atypical fibroxanthoma and undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, such as the presence of 9p and 13q deletions in both tumors, favoring a common histogenesis. However, the lack of K-ras and H-ras mutations in atypical fibroxanthoma compared with undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma could explain the difference in aggressiveness and continued separation of these entities. Exclusion of other neoplasms by histology and immunohistochemistry followed by complete surgical removal remains the standard of care.
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32

Lerwill, Melinda F. "Flat Epithelial Atypia of the Breast." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 132, no. 4 (2008): 615–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2008-132-615-feaotb.

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Abstract Flat epithelial atypia is a presumably neoplastic alteration of terminal duct-lobular units that is characterized by the replacement of the native luminal epithelium by ductal cells demonstrating low-grade cytologic atypia. The atypical cells maintain a “flat” pattern of growth without evidence of architectural atypicality. Morphologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular investigations support that flat epithelial atypia represents an early step in the evolution of low-grade ductal carcinomas. It is frequently seen in association with atypical ductal hyperplasia, low-grade ductal carcinoma in situ, invasive tubular carcinoma, and lobular neoplasia. The risk for subsequent breast carcinoma remains to be defined, but flat epithelial atypia likely represents a nonobligate precursor with an extended time course to progression. Certain benign alterations may superficially mimic its appearance; careful attention to cytologic and architectural characteristics can help one distinguish these unrelated entities from flat epithelial atypia.
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Castilho, Katiane Regina Staszak, Bianca Cavalcante-Leão, Ana Clara Gonçalves de Figueiredo, et al. "Evaluation of swallowing pattern sound in patients with temporomandibular disorder." Research, Society and Development 10, no. 14 (2021): e403101421835. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i14.21835.

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Objectives: The impairment of the temporomandibular joint and masticatory muscles has a negative impact on functions of the stomatognathic system, such as swallowing. Thus, an atypical swallowing pattern may contribute to the development of temporomandibular disorder (TMD). The aim of the present study was to evaluate acoustic aspects of swallowing and determine the occurrence of atypical swallowing dynamics. Methods: Sixty-two individuals [16 males (25.8%) and 46 females (74.2%); mean age 39.84 (± 9.40); 47 with TMD and 15 without TMD] were evaluated using an ultrasound detector during the swallowing of three consistencies: liquid, pasty and solid. The acoustic signals were recorded and subsequently analyzed using the DeglutiSom® software. Results: The majority of the sample (81%) with TMD presented atypical swallowing biodynamics, with a significantly greater frequency of food residuals for the three consistencies. The signal suggestive of aspiration was more frequent with the liquid consistency (37% of the group). Conclusion: There is a relation between TMD and an atypical swallowing pattern, which underscores the need for the multidisciplinary evaluation of individuals with this disorder.
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34

Breton, Sophie, and Donald T. Stewart. "Atypical mitochondrial inheritance patterns in eukaryotes." Genome 58, no. 10 (2015): 423–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/gen-2015-0090.

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Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is predominantly maternally inherited in eukaryotes. Diverse molecular mechanisms underlying the phenomenon of strict maternal inheritance (SMI) of mtDNA have been described, but the evolutionary forces responsible for its predominance in eukaryotes remain to be elucidated. Exceptions to SMI have been reported in diverse eukaryotic taxa, leading to the prediction that several distinct molecular mechanisms controlling mtDNA transmission are present among the eukaryotes. We propose that these mechanisms will be better understood by studying the deviations from the predominating pattern of SMI. This minireview summarizes studies on eukaryote species with unusual or rare mitochondrial inheritance patterns, i.e., other than the predominant SMI pattern, such as maternal inheritance of stable heteroplasmy, paternal leakage of mtDNA, biparental and strictly paternal inheritance, and doubly uniparental inheritance of mtDNA. The potential genes and mechanisms involved in controlling mitochondrial inheritance in these organisms are discussed. The linkage between mitochondrial inheritance and sex determination is also discussed, given that the atypical systems of mtDNA inheritance examined in this minireview are frequently found in organisms with uncommon sexual systems such as gynodioecy, monoecy, or andromonoecy. The potential of deviations from SMI for facilitating a better understanding of a number of fundamental questions in biology, such as the evolution of mtDNA inheritance, the coevolution of nuclear and mitochondrial genomes, and, perhaps, the role of mitochondria in sex determination, is considerable.
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35

Marchesan, Irene. "Adapted or atypical thrusting." International Journal of Orofacial Myology 25, no. 1 (1999): 15–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.52010/ijom.1999.25.1.2.

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Distinguishing between the terms "adapted thrusting" and "atypical thrusting" is not the critical factor in planning treatment for patients demonstrating tongue thrust behavior. Evaluation of fadors including age of the patient, breathing pattern, cranio-facial characteristics, head and body posture are important in determining when, and how to provide treatment.
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36

Mysore, Channaiah Srikanth, Najib Murr, Rana Zabad, and John Bertoni. "Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus Resembling Clinical Absence with Atypical EEG Pattern." Case Reports in Neurological Medicine 2017 (2017): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/6987821.

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Objective. We are reporting two cases: a patient with steroid responsive encephalopathy associated with autoimmune thyroiditis (SREAT) and another patient with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS), both presenting with altered mental status (AMS) and later diagnosed with nonconvulsive atypical absence status epilepticus (AS), with atypical EEG changes. Methods. A report of two cases. Results. A patient with history of SREAT and the other with SPMS had multiple admissions due to AMS. For both, EEG revealed the presence of a high voltage generalized sharply contoured theta activity. A diagnosis of NCSE with clinical features of AS was made based on both clinical and EEG features. There was significant clinical and electrographic improvement with administration of levetiracetam for both patients in addition to sodium valproate and Solumedrol for the SREAT patient. Both patients continued to be seizure free on follow-up few months later. Conclusions. This is a report of two cases of atypical AS, with atypical EEG, in patients with different neurological conditions. Prompt clinical and EEG recovery occurred following appropriate medical treatment. We think that this condition might be underreported and could significantly benefit from prompt treatment when appropriately diagnosed.
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Ampatzidou, F. C., M. N. Sileli, C. P. C. Koutsogiannidis, et al. "Atypical Pattern of Lung Involvement in Pacemaker Endocarditis." Respiratory Care 59, no. 8 (2013): e110-e114. http://dx.doi.org/10.4187/respcare.02907.

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38

Morita, Ichiro, Atsushi Komatsuzaki, Takashi Kanda, Hozumi Tatsuoka, and Tanemichi Chiba. "Atypical Innervation Pattern of Human Vestibular Hair Cells." Acta Oto-Laryngologica 115, no. 1 (1995): 31–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00016489509133342.

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39

Kim, Mirinae, Jin-woo Kwon, and Young-Hoon Park. "Atypical Pattern of Choroidal Hypopigmentation with Cutaneous Vitiligo." Korean Journal of Ophthalmology 33, no. 1 (2019): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3341/kjo.2018.0054.

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40

Silva, Délrio F., Márcia Marques Lima, Renato Anghinah, Edmar Zanoteli, and José Geraldo Camargo Lima. "Atypical EEG pattern in children with absence seizures." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 53, no. 2 (1995): 258–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-282x1995000200012.

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We studied four children with diagnosis of absence seizures (generalized primary epilepsy), and with a generalized delta activity on the EEG during clinical attacks provoked by hyperventilation. The lack of ictal generalized spike-and-wave discharges with a frequency of 3 Hz in our patients, makes this an atypical pattern. All children had complete control of their seizures and disappearance of the EEG changes with valproate. We concluded that generalized delta activity observed on EEG during the hyperventilation in children should not always be considered as a normal finding for age, since it could be an ictal event of an absence seizure.
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Silva, Délrio F., Márcia Marques Lima, Paulo M. Kanda, Renato Anghinah, Edmar Zanoteli, and José Geraldo C. Lima. "Atypical pattern related to 14 Hz positive spikes." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 53, no. 2 (1995): 262–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-282x1995000200013.

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We studied two children with a history of headache and a normal physical and neurological examination whose EEG showed an electroencephalographic pattern recently published, the N-shape potential associated with the 14 Hz positive spikes. This graphoelement was observed only during the asleep state.
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42

Ha, Jeonghyun, Yong Hyun Kim, Bo La Yun, Kyu Sang Lee, Chang-sik Pak, and Jae Hoon Jeong. "Atypical Growing Pattern of Superficial Temporal Artery Pseudoaneurysm." Journal of Craniofacial Surgery 28, no. 5 (2017): e455-e458. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/scs.0000000000003694.

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Alqahtani, Naser, Shanthi Chidambarathanu, Edythe Tham, Kumaradevan Punithakumar, Michelle Noga, and Joseph Pagano. "Atypical left ventricular strain pattern in repaired TOF." Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance 27 (2025): 101210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocmr.2024.101210.

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44

Olsen, J. H., S. Friis, K. Frederiksen, J. K. McLaughlin, L. Mellemkjaer, and H. Møller. "Atypical cancer pattern in patients with Parkinson's disease." British Journal of Cancer 92, no. 1 (2004): 201–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.bjc.6602279.

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45

Bruneau, N., O. Rogier, J. Malv, F. Bonnet-Brilhault, and C. Barthélémy. "Atypical developmental pattern of voice processing in autism." International Journal of Psychophysiology 77, no. 3 (2010): 236. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2010.06.349.

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46

Pita-Fernández, Ana, María T. González-López, and Juan M. Gil-Jaurena. "Transposition with atypical coronary pattern: the Aubert technique." Cardiology in the Young 27, no. 5 (2017): 1022–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047951117000063.

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AbstractThe arterial switch operation is currently the gold standard technique for repair of transposition of the great arteries. Some atypical coronary patterns such as intramural, interarterial, and a unique posterior button are associated with more complexity and surgical risk. We report a successful Aubert operation for transposition of the great arteries associated with a single and interarterial coronary artery arising from a posterior sinus.
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Chang, Amy, Nathan Franssen, and Karine Sahakyan. "Fibrous Dysplasia With Atypical Bilateral Upper Extremity Pattern." Clinical Nuclear Medicine 49, no. 1 (2024): e22-e24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/rlu.0000000000004960.

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Abstract Fibrous dysplasia (FD) typically presents unilaterally in the lower limbs, or in the skull, mandible, or pelvis. Bilateral presentation is rarely reported. Most cases are diagnosed in the teens with 75% of patients diagnosed before the age of 30 years. In this case, a 63-year-old woman with suspected diagnosis of malignancy was referred to 99mTc-MDP scan and found to have polyostotic FD in bilateral upper extremities. Nuclear medicine can play an important role in diagnosing FD cases with atypical presentation and help risk stratification for more aggressive transformation.
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Anandani, Garima M., Prabhu Manivannan, Sree Rekha J, Rakhee Kar, and Debdatta Basu. "Patterns of bone marrow infiltration in lymphomas- A retrospective descriptive analysis from a tertiary care centre in Southern India." IP Journal of Diagnostic Pathology and Oncology 7, no. 4 (2023): 223–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.jdpo.2022.053.

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Bone marrow biopsy (BMB) examination is the gold standard for staging of lymphoma which is interpreted along with other clinical, laboratory and radiological investigations. This study aimed to evaluate the various patterns of BMB infiltration by lymphomas which include Hodgkin and Non Hodgkin lymphoma and the usefulness of BMB compared to bone marrow aspiration (BMA). : In a period of three years, there were 212 cases which showed lymphoma infiltration in bone marrow. We assessed the peripheral blood smear (PBS), BMA and BMB slides and concordance between each was evaluated. BMB slides were assessed for the pattern of involvement. The most frequent subtype was chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL) (21.70%) followed by Hodgkin lymphoma (HL)(12.73%)and follicular lymphoma (FL)(11.32%). Predominant pattern of infiltration showed by CLL/SLL cases was mixed pattern, by FL was paratrabecular pattern, mantle cell lymphoma(MCL) showed either diffuse or nodular, diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and Burkitt lymphoma(BL) showed predominantly diffuse pattern. Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) and peripheral T cell lymphoma (PTCL) showed an interstitial pattern. In HL, the pattern was usually focal nodular however diffuse involvement was seen in a few. Of the 212 cases, 50.94% cases had atypical lymphocytes or lymphocytosis in PBS and 81.14% cases showed infiltration in BMA. Atypical lymphoid cells may not be present at times in peripheral blood or bone marrow aspirate in spite of infiltration in the bone marrow. Different lymphomas show characteristic patterns of marrow involvement.
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Persaud, Ricardo, Paul Chatrath, and Anthony Cheesman. "Atypical keratosis obturans." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 117, no. 9 (2003): 725–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/002221503322334594.

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Keratosis obturans is a rare condition characterized by the accumulation of desquamated keratin material in the bony portion of the external auditory canal. Classically, it is reported to present with severe otalgia, conductive deafness and global widening of the canal. A case of keratosis obturans is described in which the principal symptom was a metallic taste and the main finding was extensive erosion of the hypotympanum with exposure of the facial nerve and the annulus of the tympanic membrane. This presenting symptom and resorption pattern are atypical of keratosis obturans and have not been documented previously.
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Silva, Délrio F., Márcia Marques Lima, Renato Anghinah, Edmar Zanoteli, and José Geraldo Camargo Lima. "Atypical clinical and electroencephalographic pattern in a patient with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 53, no. 2 (1995): 278–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-282x1995000200017.

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We describe an atypical clinical and electroencephalographic (EEG) pattern observed during the course of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis in a 14 year-old boy. In this patient with a two weeks history of partial complex seizures, the atypical EEG pattern was characterized by an initial left temporal focus which evolved to periodic lateralized epileptiform discharges (PLEDs) and, only during the 3rd and 4th weeks the typical bilateral and generalized periodic complexes appeared.
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