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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Aur quality management'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 5 March 2023

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1

Mahoney, G. D. "Aspects of urban air quality management." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.415744.

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2

Abdullah, Abdul Hamid. "Petroleum refining and air quality management." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45573.

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Management of the air quality surrounding Petroleum Refineries deserves attention because the industry contributes almost five percent of the total emissions from all anthropogenic sources. A document containing a complete set of guidelines for use in the refining industry which satisfies the current and anticipated air quality legislations and regulations in the U.S. is necessary. In the past, several documents have been prepared, but have not included a complete coverage of the air quality management as currently needed. Furthermore, due to the continuing revisions of the Clean Air Act, a document with current, updated regulations and air quality management principles is necessary. This study dealt with a broad range of topics including characteristics of emissions, control technology applied, regulations and legislative issues, monitoring and modeling practices, and issues of the 1980s together with future projections and implications. Air quality regulations and standards are periodically revised and are becoming more stringent with time. Issues like acid rain may lead to even more stringent emission standards if investigations carried out currently reveal that the refineries are significant contributors. Great measures are taken to control emissions from the refineries either by using good control equipment or using other alternative control strategies. Small operating refineries are closing down due to changing conditions. An agglomeration and or expansion of the existing refining capacity is occurringn The air quality trends associated with this transition in the industry are discussed.


Master of Science
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3

Akhtar, Farhan Hussain. "Use of inverse modeling in air quality management." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/37213.

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Inverse modeling has been used in the past to constrain atmospheric model parameters, particularly emission estimates, based upon ambient measurements. Here, inverse modeling is applied to air quality planning by calculating how emissions should change to achieve desired reduction in air pollutants. Specifically, emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx = NO + NO2) are adjusted to achieve reductions in tropospheric ozone, a respiratory irritant, during an historic episode of elevated concentrations in urban Atlanta, GA. Understanding how emissions should change in aggregate without specifying discrete abatement options is particularly applicable to long-term and regional air pollution management. Using a cost/benefit approach, desired reductions in ozone concentrations are found for a future population in Atlanta, GA. The inverse method is applied to find NOx emission adjustments to reach this desired reduction in air pollution. An example of how emissions adjustments may aid the planning process in two neighborhoods is demonstrated using urban form indicators from a land use and transportation database. Implications of this method on establishing regional and market-based air quality management systems in light of recent legal decisions are also discussed. Both ozone and secondary particulate matter with diameters of less than 2.5μm (PM2.5) are formed in the atmosphere from common precursor species. Recent assessments of air quality management policies have stressed the need for pollutant abatement strategies addressing these mutual sources. The relative contribution of several important precursor species (NOx, sulfur dioxide, ammonia, and anthropogenic volatile organic compounds) to the formation of ozone and secondary PM2.5 in Atlanta during May 2007 - April 2008 is simulated using CMAQ/DDM-3D. This sensitivity analysis is then used to find adjustments in emissions of precursor species to achieve goal reductions for both ozone and secondary PM2.5 during a summertime episode of elevated concentrations. A discussion of the implications of these controls on air pollutant concentrations during the remaining year follows.
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4

Chan, Wing-man Polly. "Aspects of air quality management for particulate matter /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B37120803.

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5

Tang, Hing-fai. "Breathe the air in Hong Kong air quality sustainability /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25700698.

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6

Marsik, Tomas. "Developing computer models to study the effect of outdoor air quality on indoor air for the purpose of enhancing indoor air quality." online access from Digital Dissertation Consortium, 2007. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/ddcdiss.pl?3286622.

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7

Bealey, William James. "Agroforestry systems for ammonia air quality management." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/20402.

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Air pollution can lead to environmental impacts. Over the past decades there have been some success stories reducing pollutant emission, namely sulphur dioxide (SO2). However, impacts on ecosystems from atmospheric nitrogen (N) pollution are still seen as a major threat for European biodiversity. Across Europe over 70% of Natura 2000 sites are at risk for eutrophication with over 70% of the Natura 2000 area in Europe (EU28( exceeding critical loads for nutrient nitrogen deposition. Agricultural ammonia is a key contributor to the threat to these sites due to the close proximity of agricultural activities and protected sites. Source attribution modelling using an atmospheric transport model showed that agricultural livestock production in the UK is the dominant nitrogen source for N disposition across the UK Natura 2000 network. Nearly 90% of all sites had livestock as their dominant source, contributing 32% of the total nitrogen deposition across the whole network. 76% of all Special Areas of Conservation (SAC) sites exceeded their critical load for nutrient nitrogen, representing 74% of the entire SAC area. The extent of exceedance is also notable with many sites experiencing depositions of >50 kg N/ha/yr over the critical load. the situation for acidity critical load exceedance is less sever, by 51% of sites are still exeeded. Legislation to regulate pollutant emissions to air and protect biodiversity are often not integrated, and there has been no common European approach for determining the impacts of nitrogen deposition on individual Natura sites, or on conservation status. Off-site sources of air pollution present difficulties in assessing and attributing impacts, because deposition can result from local sources (1-2 km), or very far away sources (>1000 kms). Managing nitrogen losses on the farm and improving the efficient use of nitrogen are key components for overall reduction in NH3 emissions. Many nitrogen management options are available to abate ammonia from agricultural activities. On the one hand, technical and management measures include controlling emissions from manure storage and spreading, livestock feeding strategies, and improving housing systems. Trees, on the other hand, are effective scavengers of both gaseous and particulate pollutants from the atmosphere, making tree belts potentially effective landscape features to support ammonia abatement strategies. Using a coupled deposition and turbulence model the recapture efficiency of tree planting around ammonia sources was estimated. Using different canopy structure scenarios, tree depths and differing leaf area density (LAD) and leaf are index (LAI) were adjusted for a main canopy and a backstop canopy. Recapture efficiency for ammonia ranged from 27% (trees planted around housing systems), up to 60% (under-story livestock silvopastoral systems). Practical recapture potential was set at 20% and 40% for housing and silvopastoral systems respectively. Model results from scaling up to national level suggest that tree planting in hot spot areas of ammonia emissions would lead to reduced N deposition on nearby sensitive habitats. Scenarios for on-farm emission control through tree planting showed national reductions in nitrogen deposition to semi-natural areas of 0.14% (0.2 kt N-NHx) to 2.2% (3.15 kt N-NHx). Scenarios mitigating emissions from cattle and pig housing yielded the highest reductions. The afforestation strategy showed national-scale emission reductions of 6% (8.4 kt N-NHx) to 11% (15.7 kt N-NHx) for 25% and 50% afforestation scenarios respectively. Increased capture by the planted trees also generated an added benefit of reducing long-range transport effects, including a decrease in wet deposition of up to 3.7 kt N-NHx (4.6%) and a decrease in export from the UK of up to 8.3 kt N-NHx (6.8%). Agroforestry measures for ammonia abatement were shown to be cost-effective for both planting downwind of housing and in silvopastoral systems, when costs to society were taken into account. Planting trees was also cost-effective from a climate change perspective. Comparing the cost per kg of NH3 abated showed that planting trees is a method of ammonia emission mitigation comparable with other (technical) measures. The costs for planting trees downwind of housing were calculated at €2.6-7.3/kg NH3. Agroforestry for ammonia abatement offers multiple benefits for the farmer and synergistic effects for society as a whole including i) carbon sequestration. ii) visibility screening around housing units, iii) imporved animal welfare for silvopastoral systems, iv) reducing critical load exceedance on protected sites, v) price advantage of 'woodland chick' productions, vi) supporting the Industrial Emission Directive (IED) requirements for emission reduction, vii) supporting national afforestation policies. The results of this work support the notion that in the emerging discussion about the values of ecosystem services and the role of nature-based solution to tackle persistent environmental challenges, tree planting has a large potential in rural and urban environments.
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8

Park, Sun-kyoung. "Particulate modeling and control strategy for Atlanta, Georgia." Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005, 2005. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-11212005-222159/.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006.
Mulholland, James, Committee Member ; Bergin, Michael, Committee Member ; Russell, Armistead, Committee Chair ; Wang, Yuhang, Committee Member ; Nenes, Athanasios, Committee Member. Vita.
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9

Curti, Valerio. "Indoor air quality and moulds." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/22721.

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10

Мареха, Ірина Сергіївна, Ирина Сергеевна Мареха, and Iryna Serhiivna Marekha. "European air quality management: co-production of science and policy." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2009. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/8238.

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The Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution (CLRTAP) is one of the central means for protecting European area. CLRTAP is a successful example of what can be achieved through intergovernmental cooperation where science and policy come together. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/8238
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11

Lelas, Vedran. "Chance constrained models for air pollution monitoring and control /." Digital version accessible at:, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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12

Ip, To-yan Francis. "A critical review of Hong Kong air quality data /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk:8888/cgi-bin/hkuto%5Ftoc%5Fpdf?B23424928.

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13

Leung, Kwok-wah. "The roles of building designers and operators in indoor air quality management /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B22264012.

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14

Beaulieu, Karen A. "Management of indoor air quality in Canadian schools." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0004/MQ42313.pdf.

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15

Chan, Wing-man Polly, and 陳詠文. "Aspects of air quality management for particulate matter." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45013354.

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16

San, Martini Federico M. (Federico Matteo) 1973. "Decision support tools for urban air quality management." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/29444.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, 2004.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 269-283).
This thesis developed and applied tools to bridge the gap between available data and action for urban air quality management, focusing on strategies to reduce particle concentrations. One of the principal thesis contributions is a Bayesian method to exploit the asymmetry between the rich aerosol dataset and the relatively poor dataset on gas-phase precursors. A Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithm was combined with the equilibrium inorganic aerosol model ISORROPIA to produce a powerful tool to analyze aerosol data and predict gas phase concentrations where these are unavailable. The method directly incorporates measurement uncertainty, prior knowledge, and provides for a formal framework to combine measurements of different quality. Applying the method to data from Mexico City, evidence for stable and metastable aerosols was found. Gas phase concentrations were estimated including, for the first time in Mexico City, hydrochloric acid. The MIT Inorganic Aerosol Model was developed based on the work of Resch (1995). The equilibrium treatment of ammonia and nitric acid is included in the model, as is the partial dissociation of bisulfate. Model predictions were critically compared with available models and data, and the role of complexes and hydrates investigated. For the first time, a model that includes complexes and hydrates was applied to an urban environment. Based on 1997 data from Mexico City, it was found that complexes and hydrates are predicted to form in a majority of cases.
(cont.) Despite their frequent formation, their effect on model predictions is small given the uncertainties in thermodynamic parameters and field observations. Reductions in ammonia concentrations are likely to be less effective at reducing PM2.5 in Mexico City than expected, while reductions in nitrate and sulfate are expected to be effective. This conclusion is robust including or excluding complexes and hydrates and assuming stable or metastable aerosols, although the best model performance is achieved assuming efflorescence. An inverse technique to estimate the emission rate of a point source using field observations was developed. The relatively simple model minimizes data requirements and is broadly applicable. By incorporating the uncertainty in wind direction, the emissions rate of a tracer was recovered within measurement uncertainty.
y Federico M. San Martini.
Ph.D.
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17

Hui, Sum-wong, and 許森煌. "A study of indoor air quality management in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31255516.

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18

Tse, Chin-wan. "Air pollution control and economic activities : the case of Hong Kong /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1986. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B12333645.

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19

Chan, Lung. "Investigation on the air quality control inside vehicular tunnels in Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19945632.

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20

Leung, Ka-kit. "A review of tunnel portal air quality in Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19946089.

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21

Janse, van Rensburg Francois. "An investigation of indoor air quality assessment in office buildings." Thesis, Port Elizabeth Technikon, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/32.

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Over the last several years studies have shown that the quality of indoor air may be worse than outdoor air. People spend as much as 90% of their time indoors, therefor, the associated health risk due to indoor air pollution may be greater than the risk due to outdoor air pollution. Building designs have altered dramatically over the last two decades resulted in "tighter" buildings that rely on sophisticated mechanical systems to provide for the quantity of air required throughout the building. These changes over the years could result in an increased number of complaints received regarding Sick Building Syndrome symptoms. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that up to 30% of office buildings world-wide may have significant problems regarding poor indoor air quality (IAQ). This study involves a literature study of the major indoor air pollutants regarding the source of the pollutant, the associated health effects, the measuring techniques available and the results of previous studies conducted on the specific pollutant. Measurements will be taken in two sealed buildings, one an old and the other a new building to identify the major pollutants. A questionnaire was compiled specifically for building occupants and completed by the occupants of both buildings. From the results obtained a step-by-step method for solving indoor air quality (IAQ) problems was proposed. The method was applied and evaluated in a case study of a problem building where indoor air quality related problems were experienced. The results of the study revealed that the major indoor air pollutants are present in old as well as new buildings. The study also revealed that some office workers might be more susceptible than others to the medical reactions cause to human beings by these pollutants. Some concentrations are higher in new buildings than in old buildings. The responses from the questionnaire was evaluated against the results obtained from the measurement study. The step-by-step method in the case study provided a more systematic approach at solving IAQ problems at buildings. Solving indoor air quality problems is a very practical issue and does not necessarily require an investment of expensive high technology equipment, but might merely require a practical approach. Environmental Health Officers can play a major role in providing expert advice when scrutinizing building plans. Environmental Health Officers should empower themselves with the knowledge to do inspections or investigations in office buildings by using the step-by-step method for investigating indoor air quality problems. By addressing indoor air quality problems in buildings, the workers in healthy buildings can increase their productivity with lasting effects on a company’s bottom line.
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22

Liu, Lixin. "Urban air quality management in Östersund : Finding the suitable parts for Chinese cities to learn from Östersund." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för ekoteknik och hållbart byggande, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-25432.

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Urban air quality management is a system for governments to lead cities towards achieving good air quality standards in an efficient way. Good air quality can avoid many environmental issues which are regarding air problems. At least, reduce environmental impacts efficiently in some extent. Carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), volatile organic compounds (VOC) and particulate matter (PM) are the common elements of air pollution. Topography, weather, the physical and chemical properties of pollutants and emission sources are also accomplices of air pollution. Östersund was a case study in this thesis because it has satisfactory air quality and won the European Mobility Week Award in 2014. Weather, winds, transportation and heating systems are the factors that influence urban air quality in Östersund. Green Traffic, Green Energy, and Green Highway are efficient projects in connection with air quality improvement in Östersund. Through successful technical application and institutional management, Östersund became one of the best climate cities in Sweden. This study is main focus on how Östersund municipality manages the local urban air quality then tries to find the suitable parts for China to learn. Here learn means find the suitable ways to improve urban air quality in China. It doesn’t mean copy all these projects. Emissions from vehicles, dust and the old style structures of energy are the main factors to reduce urban air quality in China. China did similar projects like Östersund did to improve urban air quality but the results were not so distinct so far. Vast land and large population are significant characteristics in China which make China’s ability slow to solve the air problem. Controlling the dust and emission from vehicles, using renewable resources and clean energy, optimizing industrial structure and complete legislations are beneficial projects to improve urban air quality in China. The projects of Green Traffic and Green Highway, and public participations are significant parts in Östersund which worth to learn for Chinese cities.
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23

Ma, Yiqiu. "Investigation of chemical components, sources, and dithiothreitol (DTT) based oxidative potential of PM2.5 and its humic-like substances (HULIS) fraction." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2020. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/810.

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Air pollution caused by ambient fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) is a significant global environmental problem. Pollutants that adhere to PM 2.5 may be transported into human respiratory system and perturb the redox equilibrium through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), thus leading to myriad health effects. This mechanism has been proposed to be related with the high redox-active components in PM 2.5, such as transition metals, quinones, and humic-like substances (HULIS). This thesis aims to improve the scientific understanding on the sources and health impacts of PM 2.5 especially its HULIS fraction. Thus, both chemical characterization and redox activity measurement of ambient PM 2.5 samples were conducted. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) was then performed to apportion the source-specific contributions to PM 2.5 and its oxidative potential. The HULIS fraction of PM 2.5 was also quantified and source apportioned regarding their mass concentration and oxidative potential. The main findings are summarized below: (1) In Chapter 2, 66 PM 2.5 samples collected in Hong Kong during 2016-2017 were analyzed, including carbonaceous components, major ions, metals, and some source markers. The oxidative potential of PM 2.5 were measured using dithiothreitol (DTT) assay. Results showed clear temporal trends for both PM 2.5 mass concentration and its major fraction, with higher levels observed on days under regional pollution than on days under long range transport (LRT) pollution and local emissions. The DTT consumption of PM 2.5 on the contrary, only showed slightly higher activity on regional and LRT days than on local days, possibly due to the comprehensive effects of different sources and species concentrations under different sampling days. We then conducted source apportionment using PMF model. Five primary sources (i.e. marine vessels, Cu-related source, Fe-Mn-Zn-related source, vehicle emissions, biomass burning) and one secondary source were resolved for both PM 2.5 mass concentration and DTT activity. Secondary formation was found to be the most significant source responsible for PM 2.5 mass concentration (30.3%), followed by Cu- related source (24.8%), marine vessels (17.9%) and vehicle emissions (14.5%). Biomass burning (6.8%) and Fe-Mn-Zn-related source (5.8%) were two minor sources contributing to PM 2.5 mass concentration. For oxidative potential of PM 2.5, Cu- related source was the predominant contributor (39.1%). Secondary formation (23.7%) and marine vessels (20.1%) were also two significant sources responsible for the DTT consumption of PM 2.5 . For intrinsic oxidative potential, PM 2.5 emitted from marine vessels and Cu-related source showed highest value, indicating more toxic feature of PM 2.5 derived from those sources regarding DTT activity. (2) In Chapter 3 and 4, the mass concentration, optical properties, and ROS- generation potential of HULIS were investigated in PM 2.5 samples collected in Hong Kong during 2011-2012. They all showed higher levels on regional days than on LRT days and local days. PMF analysis was conducted regarding the mass concentration and ROS activity of HUILS. Six sources were determined, including four primary sources (i.e. marine vessels, vehicle emissions, industrial exhaust, and biomass burning) and two secondary sources (i.e. secondary organic aerosol formation and secondary sulfate). Most sources showed higher contributions to both mass concentrations and DTT activity of HULIS on regional days than on LRT and local days, except that marine vessels had a higher contribution on local days than the other two synoptic conditions. Secondary processes were the major contributor to HULIS (54.9%) throughout the year, followed by biomass burning (27.4%) and industrial exhaust (14.7%). As or the DTT activity of HULIS, biomass burning (62.9%) and secondary processes (25.4%) were found to be the top two contributors. Intrinsic ROS-generation potential of HULIS was also investigated by normalizing the DTT activity by HULIS mass in each source. HULIS from biomass burning were the most DTT-active, followed by marine vessels; while HULIS formed through secondary processes were the least DTT-active. For the optical properties of HULIS, multiple linear regression model was adopted to evaluate the contributions of various sources to the light absorbing ability of HULIS. Biomass burning was found to be the only source significantly associated with the light absorbing property of HULIS. In Chapter 5 and 6, the predominant species of water-soluble fraction of PM 2.5, HULIS, were measured in samples collected in Beijing from 2011 to 2012. Various HULIS species, and the redox activity of HULIS were quantified together with certain source markers of PM 2.5. HULIS and their redox activity showed similar temporal trend, with higher levels measured during the heating season (November to March) than during the non-heating season (April to October). Source apportionment of both HULIS and their redox activity was performed using PMF. Four combustion-related primary sources, namely coal combustion, biomass burning, waste incineration, and vehicle exhaust, and one secondary factor were resolved. In particular, waste incineration was identified as a source of HULIS for the first time. Biomass burning and secondary aerosol formation were the major contributors (>59%) to both HULIS and associated DTT activity throughout the year. During the non-heating season, secondary aerosol formation was the most important source, whereas during the heating season, the predominant contributor was biomass burning. The four combustion-related sources accounted for about 70% of HULIS and their ROS activity, implying that future reduction in PM 2.5 emissions from combustion activities can substantially reduce the HULIS burden and their potential health impact in Beijing.
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Van, Greunen Larey-Marié. "Selection of air pollution control technologies for power plants, gasification and refining processes." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-04112007-111900.

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25

Cheng, Chi-wai Eliza. "Strategic guidelines for sustainable urban air quality in Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B22264759.

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26

Liao, Kuo-Jen. "Sensitivity and uncertainty analyses of impacts of climate change on regional air quality." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/24822.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008.
Committee Chair: Armistead G. Russell; Committee Member: Athanasios Nenes; Committee Member: M. Talat Odman; Committee Member: Michael Bergin; Committee Member: Yuhang Wang.
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Kong, Hin-kee. "Air pollution impacts as indicated by roadside air quality monitoring stations : y Kong Hin-Kee, Henry." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B21301840.

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28

Гладченко, Оксана Робертівна, Оксана Робертовна Гладченко, Oksana Robertivna Hladchenko, and I. S. Marekha. "Air quality management within the international economic relations framework." Thesis, Вид-во СумДУ, 2009. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/17155.

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29

Leksmono, Nurul Soraya. "Sustainable, proportionate and cost-effective action plans to deliver air quality objectives within air quality management areas." Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.420205.

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This thesis examines the process of Local Air Quality Management (LAQM) in English and Welsh local authorities that have air pollution problems arising from industrial emissions. The Environment Act 1995 imposes LAQM duties on local authorities. The research explores the relationship of the LAQM regime introduced by the Environment Act 1995, and the Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control regime regulated by the Pollution Prevention and Control Act 1999. The work examines the extent to which local authorities and the Environment Agency collaborate in the review, assessment and action planning stages of LAQM. This study gives particular attention to the application of the principles of sustainability, proportionality and cost-effectiveness within the development of air quality action plans. The research methodology consists of an appraisal of local authority air quality review and assessment reports, a questionnaire survey, and case studies in five local authorities. Two main regimes of air pollution control are also being implemented in other EU countries (the Air Quality Framework Directive, AQFD, and the Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control Directive) and thus case studies were carried out in Spain and Sweden to compare the experience of air quality management and industrial pollution control in England and Wales to other European countries. Theoretical air pollution modelling was carried out to explore some of the issues associated with point source modelling for LAQM purposes. Triangulation of methods has revealed how the LAQM system works and thus has achieved the research objectives. A small number of local authorities in England and Wales identified industrial emissions as the source of air quality problems in their localities but the significance of emissions from industrial sources is comparatively small when compared to transport related emissions. Questionnaire surveys and case studies have revealed fugitive emission sources of particulate matter as a major contributor to a breach of Air Quality Objectives, which consequently leads to Air Quality Management Areas (AQMAs) 1 declarations. It is apparent from this research that local authorities have different levels of capability in managing their local air quality. Although the central government have provided guidance and support for local authorities, a variety of approaches undertaken in relation to technical and management aspects of LAQM were identified. This research has also identified a clear gap between Member States in complying with the EU air quality Limit Values, and each country has a different system and interpretation of the AQFD. The study shows that the Environment Agency and local authorities have been working in partnership in LAQM, although inconsistent patterns of communication between the two stakeholders are revealed through the case studies. The degree of collaboration corresponds to personal interest of the Environment Agency and local authority officers and to a lesser extent, the significance of the impact of the Environment Agency regulated processes in the AQMA. Collaboration and communication is judged an essential precondition for policy integration and implementation in an action plan designed to improve air quality in AQMA. This thesis provides local authorities with air pollution problems arising, at least in part, from industrial emissions with a conceptual model for the preparation of sustainable, proportionate, and cost-effective air quality action plans. Drawing upon both quantitative and qualitative data, a theoretical position is presented which argues that the balance between the scientific assessment of air quality and the social, economic, and political factors is critical in determining sustainable, proportionate and cost-effective management solutions. Local authorities studied in case studies implemented these principles according to the importance of each factor at the local level. The project concludes with a suite of recommendations for the future practice of air quality management in relation to industrial pollution sources. This includes recommendations to improve co-ordination and collaboration between all stakeholders, and a closer link between the Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control and Local Air Quality Management regimes.
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Leung, Kwok-wah, and 梁國華. "The roles of building designers and operators in indoor air quality management." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31254652.

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31

Sriyaraj, Kanyawat. "Local air quality management and health impacts of air pollution in Thailand." Thesis, Middlesex University, 2006. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/13393/.

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Air quality in urban areas of Chiang Mai Province, Thailand has seriously deteriorated as a consequence of population growth and urbanization and due to a lack of effective air quality management (AQM). As a result, respiratory diseases among Chiang Mai residents have increased in these affected areas. The health status and experiences of air pollution of both children and adults in Chiang Mai was assessed and improvements recommended to the developing AQM scheme. Air quality modelling, using ADMS-Urban was used to identify probable air polluted and control sites for further study. The polluted sites were found to be located along major roads in the city. However, ADMS-Urban was unable to predict air pollutant concentrations accurately because it could not cope with the very low wind speeds and complex topography of Chiang Mai. As a result, the utility of other air pollution modelling programmes should be investigated. The results of a questionnaire survey conducted with adults showed that urban respondents had a higher percentage of respiratory diseases than suburban respondents. However, later investigations were unable to establish a statistical linkage between air pollution concentrations and respiratory diseases. An ISAAC study was conducted among children attending schools located in the selected sites to assess the potential impacts of air pollution on health. The results showed that the prevalence of asthma was similar in all of the schools (approximately 5%) but that the prevalence of rhinitis (24.3% vs. 15.7%) and atopic dermatitis (12.5% vs. 7.2%) was higher in the urban schools which were considered to be more polluted. Logistic regression analysis identified other factors which may be involved in addition to pollution, including some components of the diet and contact with animals. In order to investigate the adequacy of the AQM system in Thailand, a comparative study was conducted between Hong Kong and Thailand. Both countries were investigated with respect to conformance to Good Urban Governance. The comparison showed that there are significant differences between the two countries and the AQM system in Hong Kong was more highly developed. For example, in contrast to the system in Hong Kong, it was found that there was insufficient involvement of the population in the development and implementation of AQM systems in Thailand. In order to better understand the reasons why the AQM system in Thailand is poor at both the provincial and local levels in Chiang Mai, prioritisation of AQM was assessed for major national environmental policies and plans; at the provincial level, fund allocations to development projects were reviewed; and at the sub-district level; a questionnaire survey was conducted among local government officials. It was concluded that AQM was not given sufficiently high priority in national plans and was generally ineffective and that, due to the non-specific nature of guidelines and frameworks in these plans, it was difficult for government organizations at the lower levels to establish AQM action plans for effective implementation. A range of appropriate measures to improve air quality in Chiang Mai were recommended. These included a more effective management of air pollution, an identified need for training and major changes in the transport system in the city.
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32

Khan, Maudood Naeem. "Development and application of an adaptive grid air quality model." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/20824.

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Kwan, Stephanie Hoiyee. "An analysis of the local and regional effects on air quality in Shanghai, China from August 2003 to July 2004." Thesis, Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006, 2006. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-11192006-184027/.

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Thesis (M. S.)--Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007.
Bergin, Michael H., Committee Chair ; Russell, Armistead G., Committee Co-Chair ; Mulholland, James A., Committee Member.
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Mason, John B. "Application and evaluation of passive samplers for assessment of community exposure to toxic air contaminants and related pollutants." abstract and full text PDF (free order & download UNR users only), 2008. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1453598.

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35

Wan, Man Pun. "Comparison of underfloor ventilation systems and ceiling based ventilation system in thermal comfort and indoor air quality aspects /." View Abstract or Full-Text, 2002. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?MECH%202002%20WAN.

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Thesis (M. Phil.)--Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 2002.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 61-63). Also available in electronic version. Access restricted to campus users.
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36

Madhavan, Manoj. "Vehicle classification profiles for interstates and non-interstates in West Virginia to be used for MOBILE6 modeling." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2004. https://etd.wvu.edu/etd/controller.jsp?moduleName=documentdata&jsp%5FetdId=3401.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2004.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xi, 96 p. : ill. (some col.), map. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 75).
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37

Wilmes, Dirk. "Controlling des Fabrikbetriebes auf der Basis des Total-quality-Management /." Berlin : IPK, 1998. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=008036981&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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38

Henson, Eric Luis. "Evaluation of a regulatory system designed to control industrial air emissions and an analysis of an air dispersion model case study." Master's thesis, This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-09192009-040218/.

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39

Lee, Heung-yeung. "Environmental politics in Hong Kong dynamic of government-business relations in air quality management /." Hong Kong : Dept. of Management and Marketing, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, 2004. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/54948720.html.

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40

Schoeman, Johann Petrus. "Die korrelasie tussen die lugbesoedelingstatus en die lewenskwaliteit van die inwoners van Bayview en die invloed daarvan op hul persepsies." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/790.

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Thesis (MTech (Environmental Health))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2010
Air pollution is a global problem and it can also have a larger impact in developing countries like South-Africa. Mossel Bay was one of the regions in the Western-Cape that was rated to have potentially poor air quality. With above mentioned in mind, the research was done in Bayview. Bayview is a upper income suburb of Mossel-Bay. The suburb is surrounded by industrial activities that increased the possibility of a bad status of the air. This research measured the concentrations of the primary pollutants, SO2, NO2, PM10, O3 en Benzine, as well as the meteorological data for a period of one year as from the 1st October 2008 to the 30th of September 2009. The monitoring was done by using the mobile air quality monitoring station of the Western Cape Department of Environmental Affairs and Development Planning's that was situated in Mossel Bay. The research also correlated with the human aspects of air quality control and the monitoring results. The quality of life of the Bayview residents was measured by using a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire had amongst others, obtained the symptoms of certain air quality related diseases that the 114 respondents have recorded for the responding period of air quality monitoring. Other aspects that were researched were obtaining the social status, exposure, and work exposure and health consciousness of the respondents. Air quality surveys can fail if not put in the context of the perceptions of the affected communities. Therefore the perceptions of the respondents were also tested by a structured questionnaire. Aspects of perceptions that were tested were amongst others, the visual influence of perceptions, exposure, social status and the perception of the hazard. The results of the monitoring station for the period from 1st October 2008 to 30 September 2009, were compared with the proposed standards of the National Environmental Management: Air Quality Act (Act 39 of 2004) South-African National Ambient Air Quality Standards, as well as the SANS 1929 target values for PM10. There were no exceedences of the measured pollutants against the National Air Quality Standards. The results found that the SANS 1929 standards were also not exceeded for SO2, NO2, O' and C6H6. The concentrations of PM10 equaled the SANS standards of 75pg/m3 on a few occasions. However, the SANS 1929 daily target values of 50pg/m3 were exceeded on a few occasions. Overall though, the air quality status of the research area was within the legislative conditions. Twenty six point three percent (26.3% n = 30) of the respondents did not indicate any symptoms of any air quality related illnesses during the study period.
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41

Cobb, Charles Evan. "Spatial and temporal variations of PM2.5 mass and composition in Atlanta ASACA 1999-2006 /." Thesis, Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006, 2006. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-11172006-161408/.

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Thesis (M. S.)--Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007.
Dr. Armistead Russell, Committee Chair ; Dr. James Mulholland, Committee Member ; Dr. Michael Bergin, Committee Member.
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42

Khan, Amin. "Percieved service quality in the air freight industry." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.359442.

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43

Mediavilla-Sahagun, Antonio. "Integrated assessment modelling applied to particulate concentrations and urban air quality management." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.271718.

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44

Lam, Pui-fong Kat, and 林珮芳. "Indoor air quality management: a case study in Hong Kong office buildings." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31255899.

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45

Pira, Andreas. "Total Quality Management im Spitalbereich auf der Basis des EFQM-Modells /." Zürich, 1999. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=13082.

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46

Rolff, Nicola. "Darstellung und Analyse der Einflussfaktoren auf das japanische Total Quality Management /." Göttingen : Cuvillier, 1994. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=005858910&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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47

Peters, Lucinda Jane. "Effective urban air quality management frameworks in large East Asian cities." Thesis, Peters, Lucinda Jane (2009) Effective urban air quality management frameworks in large East Asian cities. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2009. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/41685/.

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Establishing effective air quality management is a continuing challenge in large East Asian cities for local and national governments. Regional economic development is leading to increasing industrialization, motorization, energy consumption and urbanization within East Asian countries, creating growing sources of urban air pollution. The policy landscape for air quality management is changing globally, with new policy instruments and programs for air pollution being introduced to operate alongside traditional “command and control” regulation. This is creating an additional challenge for government regulators in the region, as they seek to develop effective air quality management frameworks that contain established and emerging policy instruments. In addition, establishing effective air quality management can be influenced by the surrounding contextual environment that is unique to large East Asian cities, including local and international parties and pressures that can either assist or hinder air quality framework development. To investigate effective air quality management (AQM) in large East Asian cities, the following research questions guided this project: • What are the components of effective urban AQM frameworks in large East Asian cities? • What policy instruments are working or not working towards the success of AQM frameworks in large East Asian cities? • What is the role of policy instruments in urban AQM frameworks in developing, transitional and developed large East Asian cities? • How do local and international factors influence AQM frameworks in developing, transitional and developed large East Asian cities? A qualitative research methodology was designed to investigate effective air quality management in large East Asian cities. Seven case study cities were selected to represent urban centres in economically developing, transitional and developed countries in the region. The cities investigated included Bangkok, Beijing, Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, Jakarta, Singapore and Tokyo. In-depth interviews with 35 air quality management experts (including mail responses) in these cities, and literature reviews were the primary methods utilised to investigate the project research questions and objectives. Below are the key findings from this project: • Developing and transitional East Asian cities can use neighbouring developed city experiences with gradual policy instrument introductions to enhance their own policy instrument selection, and create complementary policy combinations during AQM framework growth with economic development. • Early introduction of command and control regulation within developing East Asian cities for AQM frameworks accompanied by successful enforcement is an important step towards preparing the public and private sector for the later introduction of less-interventionist policy instruments. • Developing and transitional East Asian cities are establishing AQM frameworks to successfully control select air pollutant levels at lower levels of economic development than expected. • Establishing effective AQM in large East Asian cities requires consideration of a broader AQM framework design than traditional prescriptive system models, including a harnessing of contributory aspects of local and international parties and pressures for AQM progress, and understanding local cultural context and values. • Political will is the “golden keys” for developing effective AQM frameworks in East Asian cities with committed leaders at national and local levels of governance able to provide political leadership and vision for improved air quality, including increased allocation of administrative resources (e.g. Singapore, Bangkok and Tokyo).
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Steyn, Sunette. "The Management of aerial particulate pollution the case of Platinum Industry Smelters in the Rustenburg region of the North West Province, South Africa /." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2004. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-12132005-112533.

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Danish, Farzana. "Examination of the performance of AERMOD model under different world conditions /." Connect to Online Resource-OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=toledo1188493032.

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Lee, Ka-yin Anna. "Controlling vehicular emissions in an era of rapid motorization a case study of Guangzhou /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42664457.

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