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1
Brown, J. Joshua. "Analysis of the Freshmen Alcohol Abuse Program." Californian Journal of Health Promotion 2, no. 2 (June 1, 2004): 41–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.32398/cjhp.v2i2.1732.
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The aim of this study is to assess outcomes of the Freshmen Alcohol Abuse Program in reducing BAC levels among freshmen students and to describe and learn about the patterns of drinking behaviors. This program is a combination of the “Wanna Know” and “Did You Know” campaigns. The Wanna Know campaign consisted of a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) test with a Breathalyzer® device and an interview with freshmen students on unannounced weekend “partying nights” on a northern California university campus. The interviews and breath tests totaled 1,314 in year one and 1,215 in year two. The Did You Know campaign was the component that focused on distributing social norming messages. Social norming messages were delivered through posters on campus, screensavers in student computing labs, mouse pads, brochures, table tent cards, and t-shirts. These messages were designed to curb drinking by making students aware of the actual drinking norms rather than the students’ perceived norms with the intent that students would adjust to the actual norm, resulting in a reduction in drinking. Results indicated mean BAC levels of .068 in year one and .056 in year two. This represents a drop of .012 BAC, or a 21.4 percent decline from year one to year two.
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Hu, Yan, Yamin Lu, Dan Ma, Wangzhen Guo, and Tianzhen Zhang. "Construction and Characterization of a Bacterial Artificial Chromosome Library for the A-Genome of Cotton (G.arboreumL.)." Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology 2011 (2011): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/457137.
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A bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library for the A-genome of cotton has been constructed from the leaves ofG. arboreumL cv. Jianglinzhongmian. It is used as elite A-genome germplasm resources in the present cotton breeding program and has been used to build a genetic reference map of cotton. The BAC library consists of 123,648 clones stored in 322 384-well plates. Statistical analysis of a set of 103 randomly selected BAC clones indicated that each clone has an average insert length of 100.2 kb per plasmid, with a range of 30 to 190 kb. Theoretically, this represents 7.2 haploid genome equivalents based on an A-genome size of 1697 Mb. The BAC library has been arranged in column pools and superpools allowing screening with various PCR-based markers. In the future, the A-genome cotton BAC library will serve as both a giant gene resource and a valuable tool for map-based gene isolation, physical mapping and comparative genome analysis.
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Xu, Mingliang, Junqi Song, Zhukuan Cheng, Jiming Jiang, and Schuyler S. Korban. "A bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library of Malus floribunda 821 and contig construction for positional cloning of the apple scab resistance gene Vf." Genome 44, no. 6 (December 1, 2001): 1104–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g01-105.
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The apple scab resistance gene Vf, originating from the wild species Malus floribunda 821, has been incorporated into a wide variety of apple cultivars through a classical breeding program. With the aim of isolating the Vf gene, a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library consisting of 31 584 clones has been constructed from M. floribunda 821. From the analysis of 88 randomly selected BAC clones, the average insert size is estimated at 125 kb. If it is assumed that the genome size of M. floribunda 821 is 769 Mb/haploid, the library represents about 5× haploid genome equivalents. This provides a 99% probability of finding any specific sequence from this library. PCR-based screening of the library has been carried out using eight random genomic sequence-characterized amplified regions (SCARs), chloroplast- and mitochondria-specific SCARs, and 13 high-density Vf-linked SCAR markers. An average of five positive BAC clones per random SCAR has been obtained, whereas less than 1% of BAC clones are derived from the chloroplast or mitochondrial genomes. Most BAC clones identified with Vf-linked SCAR markers are physically linked. Three BAC contigs along the Vf region have been obtained by assembling physically linked BAC clones based on their fingerprints. The overlapping relatedness of BAC clones has been further confirmed by cytogenetic mapping using fiber fluorescence in situ hybridization (fiber-FISH). The M. floribunda 821 BAC library provides a valuable genetic resource not only for map-based cloning of the Vf gene, but also for finding many other important genes for improving the cultivated apple.Key words: apple, resistance Vf gene, BAC library, sequence-characterized amplified regions (SCARs), fiber fluorescence in situ hybridization (fiber-FISH), positional cloning.
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Varlotto, J. M., A. Recht, M. Nikolov, J. C. Flickinger, and M. M. DeCamp. "The effects of changing the world health organization definition of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma." Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2007): 7632. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.7632.
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7632 Background: In 1999 the World Health Organization (WHO) changed its definition of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (BAC). We examined the effects of this change. Methods: Patients included in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program from 1992–2002 with Stages I-IIIB non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) who underwent a definitive surgical procedure were divided into a Cohort A (1,348 patients with BAC diagnosed from 2000–2002), Cohort B (2,955 patients diagnosed with BAC from 1992–1998), and Cohort C (36,861 patients with other NSCLC from the entire period). Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates were compared according to potential prognostic factors, including use of a matched-pair analysis. We also compared the demographic, histopathologic, and treatment factors associated with the three groups. Results: The proportion of BAC increased both as a percentage of NSCLC and as a percentage of adenocarcinoma for cohort A(12.5%, 22%) as compared to Cohort B(10.9%, 20%). The proportions of patients with smaller tumor size, female sex, non-black or non-white race, resections less than a pneumonectomy, no radiotherapy, Stage I disease, and well- differentiated tumor grade were similar between Cohorts A and B and statistically different between them and Cohort C. Cohorts A and B also had very similar OS/DFS to each other. Matched patients with Stage I cancer in Cohort A had better OS than in Cohort C; OS was similar for other stages. DFS was improved for all stages in Cohort A as compared to Cohort C (except for Stage II). Conclusions: Patients with BAC diagnosed before or after 1999 have similar outcomes to each other and better outcomes than patients with other NSCLCs. Furthermore, both BAC groups had analogous patient demographic, histopathologic and treatment factors, but differed from those of non-BAC NSCLC during this time period. Surgically-resected BAC defined using the 1999 WHO criteria remains distinctly different than non-BAC NSCLC. Therefore recommendations for adjuvant therapy may need to be different for this patient population. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Meksem, Khalid, Jeffry Shultz, Faiza Tebbji, Aziz Jamai, Jürgen Henrich, Harald Kranz, Monika Arenz, et al. "A bacterial artificial chromosome based physical map of the Ustilago maydis genome." Genome 48, no. 2 (April 1, 2005): 207–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g04-099.
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Ustilago maydis, a basidiomycete, is a model organism among phytopathogenic fungi. A physical map of U. maydis strain 521 was developed from bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones. BAC fingerprints used polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to separate restriction fragments. Fragments were labeled at the HindIII site and codigested with HaeIII to reduce fragments to 50–750 bp. Contiguous overlapping sets of clones (contigs) were assembled at nine stringencies (from P ≤ 1 x 10–6 to 1 x 10–24). Each assembly nucleated contigs with different percentages of bands overlapping between clones (from 20% to 97%). The number of clones per contig decreased linearly from 41 to 12 from P ≤ 1 x 10–7 to 1 x 10–12. The number of separate contigs increased from 56 to 150 over the same range. A hybridization-based physical map of the same BAC clones was compared with the fingerprint contigs built at P ≤ 1 × 10–7. The two methods provided consistent physical maps that were largely validated by genome sequence. The combined hybridization and fingerprint physical map provided a minimum tile path composed of 258 BAC clones (18–20 Mbp) distributed among 28 merged contigs. The genome of U. maydis was estimated to be 20.5 Mbp by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and 24 Mbp by BAC fingerprints. There were 23 separate chromosomes inferred by both pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and fingerprint contigs. Only 11 of the tile path BAC clones contained recognizable centromere, telomere, and subtelomere repeats (high-copy DNA), suggesting that repeats caused some false merges. There were 247 tile path BAC clones that encompassed about 17.5 Mbp of low-copy DNA sequence. BAC clones are available for repeat and unique gene cluster analysis including tDNA-mediated transformation. Program FingerPrint Contigs maps aligned with each chromosome can be viewed at http://www.siu.edu/~meksem/ustilago_maydis/.Key words: Ustilago maydis, physical map, bacterial artificial chromosomes, whole-genome sequencing.
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Harlan, Fandy Bestario, and Yulinda Tarigan. "ANALISIS PENGARUH BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION COMPETITION (BAC) TERHADAP MOTIVASI BELAJAR, KECERDASAN EMOSIONAL DAN PENINGKATAN KOMPETENSI MAHASISWA YANG BERDAYA SAING GLOBAL." JOURNAL OF APPLIED BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION 5, no. 2 (September 28, 2021): 124–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.30871/jaba.v5i2.2605.
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This study aims to determine the effect of Business Administration Competition on student learning motivation, emotional intelligence and increasing competence of students' global competitiveness. The variables of this research are the BAC Competition (X1), learning motivation (Y1), emotional intelligence (Y2) and increasing competence of students' global competitiveness (Y3). This study used a quantitative approach using a sample of students in Business Administration study program who had participated in BAC competitions at both Polibatam and National levels. Data processing techniques in this study used SPSS 20 software. The population in this study were all students who participated in BAC which consisted of Secretarial competition, Meeting design competition, MC competition, Business presentation competition, Web design competition, Business data processing competition and Business plan. . The sample size of 28 students was determined by purposive sampling technique. Data collection was carried out by means of questionnaires and observation. Data analysis was performed using descriptive analysis and simple linear regression. The results of this study concluded that there is an effect of the BAC Competition on each variable of learning motivation, emotional intelligence and increasing competence of students' global competitiveness.
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Shen, Wei, Wenqing Li, Lionel Feigenbaum, Julie Hixon, and Scott Durum. "Plasticity in the differentiation of IL-22 producing cells (P6265)." Journal of Immunology 190, no. 1_Supplement (May 1, 2013): 193.2. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.190.supp.193.2.
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Abstract T helper type 22 (Th22) cells are a subset of CD4+ effector T cell that primarily produces interleukin 22 (IL-22), IL-13, and TNF-alpha and have an indispensable role in host defense, barrier function, tissue repair and inflammation. However, the stability and plasticity of Th22 cells have not been elucidated. In this study we developed an IL-22-tdTomato reporter mouse to examine the plasticity of Th22 cells in vitro and in vivo. Briefly, a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) was modified to introduce the fluorescent reporter gene into the Il-22 locus. By homologous recombination, the synthesis of the signal peptide of Il-22 in the BAC was disrupted and the tdTomato gene with poly A was inserted immediately after the ATG start site of Il-22, replacing exon 1. Mice were generated that harbor the BAC construct. We found that in vitro generated Th22 cells still maintained their differentiation program in vitro in the early stage of development and could be reprogrammed into Th17 and Th1 cell lineages, but not Th2 cells, in the later stage. To observe Th22 plasticity in vivo, we sorted IL-22 producing cells from mouse T cell transferred colitis model and injected them back to the Rag-/- mouse. It demonstrated that Th22 cells slowly lost their IL-22 expression and converted into Th17 cells in a TGF-beta dependent manner. These results, although suggesting the flexibility of Th22 cells, also indicate active maintenance of their program in vivo.
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Tabata, Atsushi, Hideaki Nagamune, Takuya Maeda, Keiji Murakami, Yoichiro Miyake, and Hiroki Kourai. "Correlation between Resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to Quaternary Ammonium Compounds and Expression of Outer Membrane Protein OprR." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 47, no. 7 (July 2003): 2093–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.47.7.2093-2099.2003.
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ABSTRACT The adaptation mechanism of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 10145 to quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) was investigated. A P. aeruginosa strain with adapted resistance to QACs was developed by a standard broth dilution method. It was revealed that P. aeruginosa exhibited remarkable resistance to N-dodecylpyridinium iodide (P-12), whose structure is similar to that of a common disinfectant, cetylpyridinium chloride. Adapted resistance to benzalkonium chloride (BAC), which is commonly used as a disinfectant, was also observed in P. aeruginosa. Moreover, the P-12-resistant strain exhibited cross-resistance to BAC. Analysis of the outer membrane protein of the P-12-resistant strain by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed a significant increase in the level of expression of a protein (named OprR) whose molecular mass was approximately 26 kDa. The actual function of OprR is not yet clear; however, OprR was expected to be an outer membrane-associated protein with homology to lipoproteins of other bacterial species, according to a search of the National Center for Biotechnology Information website with the BLAST program by use of the N-terminal sequence of OprR. A correlation between the level of expression of OprR and the level of resistance of P. aeruginosa to QACs was observed by using a PA2800 gene knockout mutant derived from the P-12-resistant strain. The knockout mutant recovered susceptibility not only to P-12 but also to BAC. These results suggested that OprR significantly participated in the adaptation of P. aeruginosa to QACs, such as P-12 and BAC.
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Hieu - Peter, Nguyen Quoc. "Human Resource Management for Vocational Schools at Bac Ninh Province, Vietnam: A Model Faculty Development Program." International Journal of Educational Studies 2, no. 4 (December 19, 2019): 249–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.53935/2641-533x.v2i4.127.
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The study aimed to evaluate the “Human resource management for vocational schools at Bac Ninh province, Viet Nam: A model of faculty development program”. It concentrated on evaluating the existing Human resource management for vocational schools of the province, determining the demographic profile of the respondents, profile of vocational schools. In order to come up with this analysis, a survey covering 50 specific vocational schools was implemented aiming to assess the current status of the development of contingent of teachers and the factors affecting the development of teaching staff for vocational schools in Bac Ninh province such as Human resource planning; recruitment and selection; Training and development Retention and maintenance; Promotion; Labor relations; and Transfer and retirement. Thereby, identifying the limitations in Human resource management of vocational schools. Based on all the findings of this study, the following conclusions were derived: The human resource management of vocational schools on Bac Ninh province was still limited. Human resources were in sufficient quantity, but the structure not to be reasonable, lack of highly qualified and experienced faculty. Support policies are not sufficient to motivate faculty and attract highly qualified human resources. From the cited summary of findings and conclusions, the following are hereby recommended: Re-examining all the plans and programs for the Quality of Human Resource so that necessary updating and modification can be done; Strongly focusing on the recruitment process and policies of training and retraining human resources, Specific strategies for implementing these plans must also be considered. Conducting regular evaluations of all the programs must be implemented.
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Quoc Hieu - Peter, Nguyen. "Human Resource Management for Vocational Schools at Bac Ninh Province, Vietnam: A Model Faculty Development Program." Research Journal of Education, no. 56 (June 15, 2019): 86–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/rje.56.86.90.
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The study aimed to evaluate the “Human resource management for vocational schools at Bac Ninh province, Viet Nam: A model of faculty development program”. It concentrated on evaluating the existing Human resource management for vocational schools of the province, determining demographic profile of the respondents, profile of vocational schools. In order to come up with this analysis, a survey covering 50 specific vocational schools is implemented aiming to assess current status of the development of contingent of teachers and the factors affecting the development of teaching staff for vocational schools in Bac Ninh province such as Human resource planning; Recruitment and selection; Training and development Retention and maintenance; Promotion; Labor relations; and Transfer and retirement. Thereby, identifing the limitations in Human resource management of vocational schools. Based from all the findings of this study, the following conclusions were derived: The human resource management of vocational schools on Bac Ninh province still limited. Human resources in sufficient quantity, but the structure is not reasonable, lack of highly qualified and experienced faculty. Support policies are not sufficient to motivate faculty and attract highly qualified human resources. From the cited summary of findings and conclusions, the following are hereby recommended: Re-examining all the plans and programs for the Quality of Human Resource so that necessary updating and modification can be done; Strongly focusing on recruitment process and policies of training and retraining human resources, Specific strategies for implementing these plans must also be considered. Conducting regular evaluation of all the programs must be implemented.
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Moore, Justin, R. Glenn Weaver, Beverly Levie, Camelia Singletary, Russell Carson, Michael Beets, Darla Castelli, Aaron Beighle, and Russell Pate. "A Pilot Study of a Comprehensive School Physical Activity Program in Elementary Schools: Be a Champion!" Health Behavior and Policy Review 8, no. 2 (March 1, 2021): 110–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.14485/hbpr.8.2.2.
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Objective: In the present study, we sought to determine if a comprehensive school physical activity program (CSPAP) delivered using the Be a Champion! (BAC) framework was effective in increasing moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and decreasing sedentary time in elementary school youth. Methods: We implemented a CSPAP in 3 elementary schools to determine its effectiveness to youth behaviors compared to 2 control schools. Youth physical activity was assessed via accelerometry in spring 2015 and spring 2016 during school hours on school days. Implementation of the BAC components and youth behavior was assessed through direct observation from fall 2015 through winter 2016. Results: In a multilevel, mixed model examining the effects of intervention, we found no statistically significant effect of the intervention on overall MVPA. However, a significant increase in MVPA was observed among girls (but not boys) in the intervention schools relative to controls. No differences in sedentary behaviors were observed by group. Conclusion: CSPAP implementation may be effective in reducing sedentary time and increasing MVPA in girls, but not boys. Research is necessary to increase implementation dose and fidelity to best practices in physical activity promotion.
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Moral, Jackeline, Callan Hundl, Dayong Lee, Maddisen Neuman, Aimee Grimaldi, Maria Cuellar, and Peter Stout. "Implementation of a Blind Quality Control Program in Blood Alcohol Analysis." Journal of Analytical Toxicology 43, no. 8 (August 17, 2019): 630–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jat/bkz059.
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Abstract Declared proficiency tests are limited in their use for testing the performance of the entire system, because analysts are aware that they are being tested. A blind quality control (BQC) is intended to appear as a real case to the analyst to remove any intentional or subconscious bias. A BQC program allows a real-time assessment of the laboratory’s policies and procedures and monitors reliability of casework. In September 2015, the Houston Forensic Science Center (HFSC) began a BQC program in blood alcohol analysis. Between September 2015 and July 2018, HFSC submitted 317 blind cases: 89 negative samples and 228 positive samples at five target concentrations (0.08, 0.15, 0.16, 0.20 and 0.25 g/100 mL; theoretical targets). These blood samples were analyzed by a headspace gas chromatograph interfaced with dual-flame ionization detectors (HS-GC-FID). All negative samples produced `no ethanol detected’ results. The mean (range) of reported blood alcohol concentrations (BACs) for the aforementioned target concentrations was 0.075 (0.073–0.078), 0.144 (0.140–0.148), 0.157 (0.155–0.160), 0.195 (0.192–0.200) and 0.249 (0.242–0.258) g/100 mL, respectively. The average BAC percent differences from the target for the positive blind cases ranged from −0.4 to −6.3%, within our uncertainty of measurement (8.95–9.18%). The rate of alcohol evaporation/degradation was determined negligible. A multiple linear regression analysis was performed to compare the % difference in BAC among five target concentrations, eight analysts, three HS-GC-FID instruments and two pipettes. The variables other than target concentrations showed no significant difference (P > 0.2). While the 0.08 g/100 mL target showed a significantly larger % difference than higher target concentrations (0.15–0.25 g/100 mL), the % differences among the higher targets were not concentration-dependent. Despite difficulties like gaining buy-in from stakeholders and mimicking evidence samples, the implementation of a BQC program has improved processes, shown methods are reliable and added confidence to staff’s testimony in court.
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Nguyen, Hien The, Toan Nguyen Van, Tien Tien Ngoc, Visanu Boonyawiwat, Theera Rukkwamsuk, and Adisorn Yawongsa. "Risk factors associated with acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease at shrimp farm level in Bac Lieu Province, Vietnam." Veterinary World 14, no. 4 (April 30, 2021): 1050–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2021.1050-1058.
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Background and Aim: Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) is a severe disease in shrimp farms and adversely affected the shrimp industry of Vietnam. So far, the study on risk factors associated with AHPND outbreaks is limited. The objective of this study was to determine the potential risk factors of AHPND at the shrimp farm level in Bac Lieu Province, Vietnam. Materials and Methods: Real-time-Polymerase chain reaction was used to analyze data collected from an active surveillance program of shrimp farms in 2017 in the Vinh Tien and Vinh Lac villages, Vinh Thinh commune, Hoa Binh district in Bac Lieu Province, Vietnam. The matched case-control study selected 20 cases and 20 control farms from 134 shrimp farms. In 2018, face-to-face interviews using structured questionnaires were conducted with the farmers of these selected farms. Results: Of the 59 studied variables, seven had p≤0.2 based on bivariate analyses. The results of multivariable analysis showed that the presence of fish-eating birds on shrimp farms was a significant association with AHPND (odds ratio=8, p=0.049). Conclusion: To reduce the effect of AHPND, farmers should apply effective methods to manage wild animals such as using a grid or net to cover the pond, combined with improved biosecurity.
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Ravdin, P. M., and G. J. Davis. "A computer program designed to assist in NSCLC adjuvant therapy decision making." Journal of Clinical Oncology 24, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2006): 7230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.7230.
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7230 Background: The goal the computer program, Adjuvant! for NSCLC, is provide the health professional, and the NSCLC patient with information that might be helpful when deciding about adjuvant chemotherapy for completely resected Stage 1 to Stage 3A disease. The 4 elements of this decision are: estimates of prognosis, estimates of the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy, estimates of completing mortality, and estimates of toxicity. Methods: Estimates of prognosis are based on an analysis of 17, 130 patients in the SEER registry. Estimates for 5 year disease specific mortality for Stage 1A, 1B, 2A, 2B, and 3A disease are 22%, 37%, 51%, 63%, and 70%. Multivariate analysis justifies using tumor size, histologic grade, and BAC histology for refinement of prognostic estimates for Stage 1 patients. A small subgroup of Stage 1 patients (with tumors < 10mm, low grade, BAC histology) could be identified with a 5 year disease specific mortality risk of <10%. Estimates of the efficacy of chemotherapy were derived from meta-analyses. A proportional risk reduction of 20% is used by the program as the default efficacy estimate for platinum-based therapy. Pop-ups and help files discuss areas of uncertainty and controversy. The user has the option to adjust the default efficacy estimate to the more optimistic efficacy estimates of some of the recent trials, or to take into account some of the uncertainty as to whether adjuvant chemotherapy works as well in Stage 1 disease. SEER data shows the average NSCLC patient has competing mortality rates higher than would be suggested by chronologic age. Regimen specific risks of treatment related toxicity is given by the program. In the over 100 pages of help files there is a detailed discussion of the clinical evidence, adjuvant therapy guidelines, ongoing clinical trials, and corollary areas (radiotherapy, neoadjuvant therapy, biomarkers, etc.) Results: The program projects that for patients with favorable Stage 1 tumors the absolute OS benefit of therapy may be as low as 1% (of the same size as the risk of treatment related mortality), but for patients with Stage 2 and 3A disease the 5 yr OS benefit may be ∼10%. Conclusions: The impact of this tool on physician and patient knowledge about the adjuvant therapy of NSCLC will be presented. [Table: see text]
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Hamury, La Ode Hamrin. "Microcontroller ATMega328 -Based Alcohol Danger Warning System of Ethanol Based on Detection of Alcohol Content in the Breath." INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (IJHSRD) 1, no. 1 (December 4, 2019): 67–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.36566/ijhsrd/vol1.iss1/7.
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Today, the number of social problems in the community arising from the use of ethanol is quite disturbing. Drinks containing ethanol are widely circulated in Indonesia. The consumption of alcoholic beverages is well known and has become prevalent and accepted in social relationships. This paper is a development and realization of alcohol measuring devices in breath. The alcohol detector used in this tool is the MQ3 gas sensor. Data detected by thesensor from the breath was processed and identified by the ATMega328 microcontroller. Identification of conditions related to the alcohol levels was displayed on the LCD. The alcohol content that can be detected by this tool is 0.01% BAC-0.20% BAC. Program instructions contained in the microcontroller are categorized under 3 conditions, which are safe, alert, and dangerous. Testing of equipment is carried out on alcohol samples in several containers with different levels. The results showed that an alcohol levelof 0.01% -0.05% has a safe status, an alcohol content of 0.06% 0.10 has an alert status, and an alcohol content of 0.11% -0.20% has a dangerous status. The value of the content along with the description according to the condition was displayed digitally. This tool can measure the level of alcohol through the breath and displays the status level of the alcohol content in the breath. This tool is suitable for detecting whether someone is an alcoholic or not. The type of alcohol that can be detected by this tool is ethanol.
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Cardinal, Julie. "Le Programme francophone des autorités de noms : une collaboration prometteuse." Documentation et bibliothèques 68, no. 3 (September 13, 2022): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1092261ar.
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En juin 2020 était lancé officiellement le Programme francophone des autorités de noms (PFAN). Inspiré du programme NACO (Name Authority Cooperative Program), le PFAN permet aux participants, Bibliothèque et Archives Canada (BAC), Bibliothèque et Archives nationales du Québec (BAnQ) et les 15 bibliothèques universitaires francophones du Québec, de maintenir un fichier commun d’autorité de noms, Canadiana, de façon collaborative. Cet article décrit les principales étapes ayant mené à la naissance du PFAN. Il retrace les premières discussions sur le catalogage collaboratif au Québec et, la possible création d’un fichier d’autorité commun en français, l’historique du fichier Canadiana ainsi que les ententes officielles qui ont ouvert la voie au lancement du Programme. La vision, la structure, le fonctionnement et les retombées du Programme sont aussi présentés ainsi que le soutien apporté aux partenaires du Programme.
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Adisasmito, Amar W. "Penggunaan Antibiotik pada Terapi Demam Tifoid Anak di RSAB Harapan Kita." Sari Pediatri 8, no. 3 (December 5, 2016): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/sp8.3.2006.174-80.
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Latar belakang. Insidens demam tifoid di Indonesia cukup tinggi (>100 kasus per100.000 populasi per tahun). Insidens pada anak usia 3-6 tahun adalah 1307 per 100.000populasi per tahun, dan 1172 pada usia 7-19 tahun. Chloramphenicol sampai saat inimasih merupakan obat pilihan lini pertama untuk terapi demam tifoid pada anak.Antibiotik lain yang dipergunakan untuk terapi demam tifoid anak adalah cotrimoxazole,cefixime dan ceftriaxone.Tujuan penelitian. Untuk mengevaluasi aspek pemberian antibiotik berdasar berbagaisituasi klinis pada terapi demam tifoid anak di ruang Rawat Inap Anak, DepartemenAnak, RSAB Harapan Kita, Jakarta.Metoda. Penelitian dengan desain deskriptif-retrospektif telah dilakukan di DepartemenAnak, RSAB Harapan Kita, Jakarta dari 1 Januari hingga 31 Desember 2004 Kriteriainklusi adalah pasien berusia antara 1 bulan sampai 18 tahun, gejala klinis sesuai demamtifoid, dan diagnosis pasti berdasar hasil biakan darah dengan metoda Bac-tect, positifSalmonella typhi. Data diperoleh dari rekapan laboratorium Mikrobiologi dan rekammedik pasien. Korelasi antara ketepatan dosis antibiotik dan lama rawat atau length ofstay (LOS) dievaluasi menggunakan program Excell.Hasil. Sebanyak 31 pasien memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Dari 31 pasien yang ditelitiditemukan bahwa pasien demam tifoid terbanyak adalah usia 6-10 tahun, diikuti usia 1– 5 tahun. Sensitifitas dan spesifisitas uji Widal terhadap uji Bac-tect rendah atau tidakmemadai, sehingga uji Widal disini tampaknya bukanlah uji yang baik dalam menegakkandiagnosis demam tifoid. Komplikasi terjadi pada 7 dari 31 pasien, terdiri dari pneumoniadan perdarahan saluran cerna. Ditemukan seluruhnya 1 kasus relaps dari 31 pasien.Tampaknya tidak ada perbedaan yang nyata antara rata-rata lama rawat dan ketepatandosis antibiotik yang diberikan.Kesimpulan. Antibiotik terbanyak yang dipakai adalah golongan chloramphenicol danceftriaxone intravena. Tidak ada hubungan yang nyata antara pemberian antibiotikdengan dosis kurang terhadap lama rawat pasien, tetapi tentunya masih banyak faktorlain yang dapat mempengaruhinya.
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Nhat, Than Van, and Luu Thi Kim Oanh. "Adherence to latent tuberculosis of patient in the active screening program in Bac Giang province in 2021 and some factors affecting." Journal of Health and Development Studies 06, no. 05 (October 30, 2022): 90–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.38148/jhds.0605skpt21-092.
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Objective : The study aims to describe the treatment adherence and analyze some factors affecting the treatment adherence of latent TB patients detected in the active screening program in Bac Giang province in 2021. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive design combining quantitative and qualitative research was conducted through interviews with 57 latent TB patients, 16 in-depth interviews from January to the end of April 2021. Main findings: The rate of adherence to treatment of latent TB patients was 43,9%. The factors that positively affect treatment adherence are the support of drugs and testing of the national anti-tuberculosis program; the advice and guidance of medical staff; family support. Factors that have not positively affected adherence to treatment are: poor awareness of patients in treatment adherence, alcohol abuse; busy work; the patient's knowledge about latent TB is incomplete; lack of supervision from medical staff; the distance from home to a far away medical facility; adverse reactions and prolonged use of the drug; stigma from people around. Conclusions: For medical facilities that treat latent TB patients: Provide counseling and education to patients about the principles of latent TB treatment and the importance of following these principles ; Organize counseling for the patient's family about latent tuberculosis, coordinate with the patient's family in monitoring and treatment; Training and retraining for health workers on management and treatment of latent TB. For future studies, it is necessary to study and analyze the factors affecting the treatment adherence and treatment participation of latent TB patients. Keywords: Treatment adherence, latent TB, predisposing factors
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Shrestha, Sunil, Sweta Shrestha, Binaya Sapkota, Rajani Shakya, Rohullah Roien, and Mohamed Izham Mohamed Ibrahim. "Reintroduction of Post-Baccalaureate Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD, Post-Bac) Program in Nepal: Exploration of the Obstacles and Solutions to Move Forward." Advances in Medical Education and Practice Volume 13 (February 2022): 159–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/amep.s348601.
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Kim, Do-Gyeong. "Investigating Drivers’ Characteristics That Influence the Likelihood of Driving under the Influence of Alcohol (DUIA) Recurrence." Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis 17, no. 7 (June 30, 2021): 139–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.14251/crisisonomy.2021.17.7.139.
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This study attempted to identify significant factors affecting the likelihood of Driving Under the Influence of Alcohol (DUIA) recurrence based on the drivers’ related characteristics of recidivists. A survival model was used to identify the differences in time period taken until the DUIA recurrence occurs, and a Cox proportional hazard model was employed to investigate which factors are more likely to affect the likelihood of DUIA recurrence. For the analysis, data were collected through a survey of 320 drivers who had been prosecuted as DUIA and to complete the DUIA special traffic safety education program at the Uijeongbu branch of Road Traffic Authority, and then combined with DUIA-related data stored at the National Police Agency database system. The results of survival analysis indicated that the median period from the first offence to the second one was about 347.8 weeks, and that age, gender, occupation, education, and Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) were significantly found as risk factors affecting the likelihood of DUIA recurrence. From the analytical results, it seems to establish a countermeasure for differentiated education and management for each driver factor.
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Son, Cao Truong, Nguyen Thi Huong Giang, Nguyen Hai Nui, Nguyen Thanh Lam, and Tran Duc Vien. "Fairness and Transparency in Payment for Forest Ecosystem Services Programs in Vietnam: A Community Based Evaluation." Vietnam Journal of Agricultural Sciences 5, no. 2 (June 27, 2022): 1464–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.31817/vjas.2022.5.2.04.
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Payment for forest environmental services (PFES) has been widely implemented in Vietnam for enhancing the reforestation and conservation of natural resources. However, fairness and transparency in the implementation of PFES programs have not been given due attention. In order to gather the community's opinions about the fairness and transparency of PFES's implementation, two case studies of direct and indirect payment programs in Bac Kan Province were selected to investigate. In this study, a five-point scale to rank the levels of "importance" and "implementation" of eight criteria of fairness and five criteria of transparency were used. There were 167 people who participated in the evaluation process through a questionnaire. The results pointed out that the community highly evaluated fairness and transparency in terms of "importance". Nevertheless, the "implementation" of these criteria had lower evaluation points. In comparing the evaluation results between the service providers and buyers, there were no statistically significant differences in terms of the "important" criteria. However, the difference between providers’ and buyers' evaluations regarding "implementation" were significant, with the mean values of the providers' being relatively higher than the buyers'. In addition, the analyses also found that participants in the direct program evaluated fairness and transparency higher than those in the indirect program. Finally, we state that policymakers and other stakeholders should include fairness and transparency criteria in designing the evaluation framework of PFES programs in Vietnam in order to promote more participation of people and improve the sustainability of PFES programs.
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TREPKA, MARY JO, FREDERICK L. NEWMAN, ZISCA DIXON, and FATMA G. HUFFMAN. "Food Safety Practices among Pregnant Women and Mothers in the Women, Infants, and Children Program, Miami, Florida." Journal of Food Protection 70, no. 5 (May 1, 2007): 1230–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-70.5.1230.
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Pregnant women and infants are two groups at the highest risk of severe outcomes from foodborne illnesses. We surveyed adult clients of a Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) clinic serving predominately African Americans in inner-city Miami, Florida, to assess food safety practices. Eligible and consenting women completed a 23-item self-administered survey with questions concerning food handling practices around the Partnership for Food Safety Education's Fight BAC! campaign constructs of “clean,” “separate” (not cross-contaminated), “cook,” and “chill.” Of 342 eligible clients, 299 (87.4%) consented to participate. In general, the clients' food safety practices were most problematic in the cook and chill constructs. Using a cooking thermometer, refrigerating foods within 2 h, and thawing them safely were the least commonly reported safe practices. Women who were pregnant with their first child had the lowest food safety practice scores. Of the 62 pregnant participants, 32 (51.6%) reported eating hot dogs or deli meats without first reheating them some of the time or more often, and 22 (35.5%) reported eating soft cheeses and blue-veined cheeses some of the time or more often, putting the women at risk of listeriosis. Although all women in the WIC program could benefit from food safety education, these findings indicate that women during their first pregnancy should especially be targeted for food safety education.
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Sugiyama, Shigeru, Kazumi Tsukamoto, Takeshi Yamauchi, Seigo Kuwazaki, Tomoyuki Yoshino, Junichi Wakayama, Satoshi Akanuma, et al. "1P466 Successive dissection and recovery of chromosome nano-fragments and direct BAC mapping onto chromosomes by scanning probe microscopy(22. Genome biology,Poster Session,Abstract,Meeting Program of EABS &BSJ 2006)." Seibutsu Butsuri 46, supplement2 (2006): S263. http://dx.doi.org/10.2142/biophys.46.s263_2.
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Sah, Rajesh, Upendra Kumar Singh, Ranju Mainali, Ataulhaq Sanaie, Tripti Pande, Nathaly Aguilera Vasquez, and Amera Khan. "Engaging Private Health Care Providers to Identify Individuals with TB in Nepal." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 22 (November 9, 2021): 11762. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182211762.
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In Nepal, 47% of individuals who fell ill with TB were not reported to the National TB Program in 2018. Approximately 60% of persons with TB initially seek care in the private sector. From November 2018 to January 2020, we implemented an active case finding intervention in the Parsa and Dhanusha districts targeting private provider facilities. To evaluate the impact of the intervention, we reported on crude intervention results. We further compared case notification during the implementation to baseline and control population (Bara and Siraha) notifications. We screened 203,332 individuals; 11,266 (5.5%) were identified as presumptive for TB and 8077 (71.7%) were tested for TB. Approximately 8% had a TB diagnosis, of whom 383 (56.2%) were bacteriologically confirmed (Bac+). In total, 653 (95.7%) individuals were initiated on treatment at DOTS facilities. For the intervention districts, there was a 17%increase for bacteriologically positive TB and 10% for all forms TB compared to baseline. In comparison, the change in notifications in the control population were 4% for bacteriologically positive, and −2% all forms. Through engagement of private sector facilities, our intervention was able to increase the number of individuals identified with TB by over 10% in the Parsa and Dhanusha districts.
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Pronzato, P., M. Loprevite, A. Brianti, C. Defferrari, G. Catania, and F. Grossi. "Disease stabilization (SD) as a surrogate end-point in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with erlotinib (E) or gefitinib (G)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2007): 18115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.18115.
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18115 Background: One retrospective study (Hotta K, Ann Oncol 2005), investigating the prognosis of patients (pts) obtaining SD as best response with G treatment, has demonstrated that both progression-free survival (PFS) and survival (S) were significantly longer than those in pts with progressive disease (PD). The aim of this retrospective study was to compare the PFS and S outcome in pts with advanced NSCLC who achieved SD or partial response (PR) after treatment with E or G. Methods: Pooled data from 62 pts, entered into an open label phase II program of E (n=31) and a compassionate-use program of G (n=31), were retrospectively analyzed. E and G were given orally at 150 and 250 mg per day respectively and were continued until disease progression, development of unacceptable toxicity or patient’s refusal. Results: Pts characteristics: median age 69 years (42–85); females= 21 pts (34%); never/former smokers= 16/38 pts (26/61%); adenocarcinoma/BAC= 35/10 pts (56/16%); PS 0/1= 18/38 pts (29/61%). In 16 pts (26%) E or G were given as first-line therapy; 21 pts (34%) had received =2 prior lines of chemotherapy. Six pts (10%) achieved a PR and 18 pts (29%) obtained SD. TTP and OS in pts obtaining PR and SD were comparable: 7 vs 5.5 and 9.7 vs 9.1 months respectively. In progressing pts median TTP and OS were 1.7 and 3.7 months. Conclusions: Our findings indicate the importance of achieving disease control with both E and G treatment. Pts obtaining SD had a similar PFS and S compared with those having PR. An analysis of the role of mutational status and other biomarkers in predicting clinical outcome is currently underway. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Nguyen, Minh-Hoa, Van-Tan Tran, Tan-Hung Pham, and Thanh-Luu Cao. "An Analysis of Wind Power Generation on Electric Transmission System of Southern Vietnam." WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS 16 (September 7, 2021): 204–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/232016.2021.16.21.
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Renewable energy is an emerging candidate in power generation for the compensation of the exhausted fossil fuel, in which wind energy plays an important role. However, how wind farms impact existing power systems has still been a subject on which many researchers are studying. This study has analyzed and evaluated the four wind farms consisting of Ca-Mau (300 MW), Bac-Lieu (99 MW), Soc-Trang (100 MW) and Tra-Vinh (33 MW) located in Southern Vietnam via using the commercial package, WAsP software. Ca-Mau wind farm has the highest planned rated capacity with 51.7% among the wind farms. Each wind farm is built from three different types of wind turbines (1 MW, 2 MW and 3 MW). The estimation has shown that all of the wind farms could produce 2,265 GWh annually, and the 3-MW wind turbines are the most efficient and give the smallest losses for producing wind energy. The wind farms, with respect to environmentally friendly aspects, could avoid 978,544 tCO2 emitted to the environment annually. Additionally, the ETAP program has also been applied to simulate the effects of the proposed wind farms on the national power system including the disturbances from wind speeds, three-phase bus faults, tripping off wind farms and three-phase line faults on the power system. The results show that the wind farms are only slightly impacted.
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Machado, Marcos A., Mariângela Cristofani-Yaly, and Marinês Bastianel. "Breeding, genetic and genomic of citrus for disease resistance." Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura 33, spe1 (October 2011): 158–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-29452011000500019.
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Although the citriculture is one of the most important economic activities in Brazil, it is based on a small number of varieties. This fact has contributed for the vulnerability of the culture regarding the phytosanitary problems. A higher number of varieties/genotypes with potential for commercial growing, either for the industry or fresh market, has been one of the main objectives of citrus breeding programs. The genetic breeding of citrus has improved, in the last decades, due to the possibility of an association between biotechnological tools and classical methods of breeding. The use of molecular markers for early selection of zygotic seedlings from controlled crosses resulted in the possibility of selection of a high number of new combination and, as a consequence, the establishment of a great number of hybrids in field experiments. The faster new tools are incorporated in the program, the faster is possibility to reach new genotypes that can be tested as a new variety. Good traits should be kept or incorporate, whereas bad traits have to be excluded or minimized in the new genotype. Scion and rootstock can not be considered separately, and graft compatibility, fruit quality and productivity are essential traits to be evaluated in the last stages of the program. The mapping of QTLs has favored breeding programs of several perennial species and in citrus it was possible to map several characteristics with qualitative and quantitative inheritance. The existence of linkage maps and QTLs already mapped, the development of EST and BAC library and the sequencing of the Citrus complete genome altogether make very demanding and urgent the exploration of such data to launch a wider genetic study of citrus. The rising of information on genome of several organisms has opened new approaches looking for integration between breeding, genetic and genome. Genome assisted selection (GAS) involves more than gene or complete genome sequencing and is becoming an import support in breeding programs of annual and perennial species. An huge information amount can be derivate from genome analysis. The use and benefit of such informations will depend on the genetic basis of the breeding program.
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Reiling, R. B., J. L. Wade, R. Govindan, A. J. Wozniak, T. A. Hensing, S. Koshy, C. D. Thienelt, R. B. Natale, and C. P. Belani. "Clinical benefit with compassionate use gefitinib in a subset of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with the bronchoalveolar (BAC) subtype treated during an expanded access program (EAP)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 22, no. 14_suppl (July 15, 2004): 7087. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2004.22.14_suppl.7087.
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Reiling, R. B., J. L. Wade, R. Govindan, A. J. Wozniak, T. A. Hensing, S. Koshy, C. D. Thienelt, R. B. Natale, and C. P. Belani. "Clinical benefit with compassionate use gefitinib in a subset of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with the bronchoalveolar (BAC) subtype treated during an expanded access program (EAP)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 22, no. 14_suppl (July 15, 2004): 7087. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2004.22.90140.7087.
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Ozfidan, Burhan, and Lynn Burlbaw. "A Literature-Based Approach on International Perspectives of Bilingual Education." Journal of Educational Issues 3, no. 2 (September 1, 2017): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jei.v3i2.11551.
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This study examines the bilingual education in Spain and in Canada, and discusses their historical backgrounds, current bilingual education programs in use, and teacher proficiency within their bilingual education programs. The purpose of this study is to examine these two countries’ bilingual education programs and find a way to implement a bilingual education program in Turkey. Because of innovative legal conditions and the establishment of special programs in Basque Country in Spain, the potential for increasing learners and speakers of the language is greater than ever before. Bilingual education models in the BAC have increased the number of well-educated young students and allowed them to have a better future. French is taught as a foreign language in Canada, and English is usually accepted as a first language, which has hindered the development of diverse types of immersion programs. Immersion programs have helped students learn other subjects and have also allowed them to acquire an additional language. This study presents a comparison of the situation of minority languages in Turkey with Canada and Spain offers many lessons. The purpose of this discussion is to establish the benefits and shortcomings of these bilingual education programs and the suitability of their models for minority groups living in Turkey. To provide an efficient education system, the differing needs of various areas should be considered. This can be demonstrated in examples drawn from Canada’s consideration of the French language and Spain’s consideration of the Basque language.
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Dung, L. C., C. T. Hoanh, C. Le Page, F. Bousquet, and N. Gajaseni. "Facilitating dialogue between aquaculture and agriculture: lessons from role-playing games with farmers in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam." Water Policy 11, S1 (March 1, 2009): 80–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2009.105.
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During the last few years, conflicts between agriculture and aquaculture have been an important issue in the Bac Lieu province, Mekong Delta, Vietnam. A large area of rice production has been converted to shrimp or shrimp–rice based production systems that require the intake of saline water into fresh water zones that have been used for agriculture. To manage this conflict, the provincial authorities have reviewed land use plans and identified a buffer zone with a mixed land use system of shrimp–rice (rice in the rainy season and shrimp in the dry season when sluices are opened). Under the CPWF (Challenge Program on Water and Food) Project No. 25, role playing games (RPGs) were applied for analyzing the land and water management strategy of farmers in the buffer zone. The RPGs organized in three villages (Phong Thanh, Ninh Thanh Loi and Vinh Loc) indicate that due to much higher revenue earned from shrimp compared with rice, farmers are attempting numerous techniques to prolong the duration of saline water in their fields for shrimp cultivation. This strategy makes the growing of a subsequent rice crop impossible even in the rainy season, thus requiring harmonization of water management at different levels (farm and canal systems). The results from these RPGs also indicate the need for further research on cultivation techniques for the shrimp–rice systems and on participatory methods to achieve better understanding of farmers' decisions.
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Albano, Francesco, Luisa Anelli, Antonella Zagaria, Alessandra Pannunzio, Domenico Pastore, Antonio Cuneo, Roberta La Starza, et al. "Chromosome 9 and 22 Breakpoints Cluster Regions Definition of Deleted Sequences on der(9) in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia." Blood 106, no. 11 (November 16, 2005): 4842. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.4842.4842.
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Abstract Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is characterized by a reciprocal translocation t(9;22)(q34;q11) that generates a BCR-ABL fusion gene on the Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome. Large deletions adjacent to the t(9;22) breakpoint on the derivative 9 chromosome have now been found, which result in genomic loss at both sides of the translocation breakpoint. We report a FISH study in CML cases bearing deletions on the der(9) chromosome. FISH analysis with specific BAC/PAC clones for the ABL1 and BCR genes was performed on bone marrow cells of 305 CML patients at diagnosis. A set of BAC/PAC probes, belonging to chromosomes 9, 22 was selected according to the University of Santa Cruz (UCSC) database and employed in FISH experiments. We detected der(9) deletions in 56 (18.4%) CML cases. Deletions of chromosome 9 sequences on the der(9) were found in 47 (84%) cases; they ranged from 350 Kb to 41.6 Mb. Chromosome 22 deletions on der(9) were found in 49 (87.5%) of the analysed cases; the deleted chromosome 22 sequences were shorter than the deleted chromosome 9 sequences (ranging from 400 Kb to 12.7 Mb). Although deletions size appeared to be heterogeneous, 2 main breakpoints cluster regions were identified proximally (at about 1.9 Mb) to the ABL and distally (at about 0.7 Mb) to the BCR genes, respectively. In fact, a cluster region of 1.1Mb, delimited by RP11-203J24 and RP11-247A12, was defined on chromosome 9 whereas a 0.8 Mb region, included between CTA-322B1 and RP5-930L11, was identified on chromosome 22. Bioinformatic analysis of breakpoints cluster regions was performed to identify sequence motifs that could mediate the chromosomal rearrangement. The presence of Matrix Association Regions (MARs) and the topoisomerase II consensus was investigated by MAR-Wiz software (http://www.futuresoft.org/modules/MarFinder/); the RepeatMasker program (http://www.repeatmasker.org/) was employed to detect interspersed repeats and low complexity DNA sequences (such as SINE, LINE, and LTR). Potential sequence similarities between breakpoints cluster regions were searched for using Genalyzer software. Sequence analysis revealed that the frequency distribution of MARs, topoisomerase II sites, and repeated elements was no different from the frequency observed in other genomic regions. Genalyzer software did not detect sequence similarities between the 2 clustering regions; however, a 76 Kb duplicon, previously reported in literature, was located at a distance of 500 kb and 550 Kb from the chromosomes 9 and 22 cluster regions, respectively. In conclusion, our analysis revealed that sequence motifs do not seem to be involved in the occurrence of der(9) deletions. We hypothesize that the presence of a duplicon could mediate the juxtaposition of ABL and BCR genes and that a probable open chromatin status of chromosomes 9 and 22 sequences could confer to DNA more vulnerability to double strand breaks, mediating the t(9;22) rearrangement and the occurrence of der(9) deletions.
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Bernat, John A., Alexey S. Kondrashov, Gregory E. Crawford, Francis S. Collins, and David Ginsburg. "Comparative Genomic Analysis of the 5′-Upstream Sequences of von Willebrand Factor and 27 Other Endothelial-Specific Genes Identifies Conserved Noncoding Sequences That Are DNase Hypersensitive." Blood 106, no. 11 (November 16, 2005): 2650. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.2650.2650.
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Abstract Von Willebrand factor (VWF), a key blood clotting protein, is a standard histologic marker for endothelial origin. Previously published studies characterizing tissue-specific regulatory elements have concentrated on the proximal promoter region (between −2,645 and the end of murine Vwf intron 1). Transgenic mouse models using these sequences have found elements needed for VWF expression in some, but not all, populations of endothelial cells. To identify potential novel VWF distal regulatory elements, as well as sequences contributing to the more general endothelial-specific expression program, we aligned human and mouse orthologous genomic sequences from VWF and 27 other endothelial-specific genes, extending from the start of transcription to the neighboring 5′-upstream gene (up to 100 kb of sequence), excluding the core promoter, and including intron 1. We analyzed the resulting 262 endothelial cell-specific gene conserved noncoding sequences (EC-CNSs) using a specific quantitative PCR assay for DNase I hypersensitive sites, an indicator of an open chromatin state which suggests the presence of a transcription regulatory complex. 33% of the EC-CNSs (including 6 of 9 upstream of VWF) were hypersensitive (HS) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), while only 16% were HS in control human fibroblast cells. 20% of the EC-CNSs were HS in HUVECs only, suggesting that they may identify novel endothelial-specific transcriptional elements. When the 262 EC-CNSs were compared to CNSs from non-endothelial genes, a single motif, AGGAA(A/G), was identified as overrepresented in EC-CNSs. This association was replicated in an independent set of 28 additional genes with high HUVEC expression. The motif was also overrepresented in the subset of HS EC-CNSs. The AGGAA(A/G) motif includes the core binding sequence [GGA(A/T)] of the Ets family of transcription factors, which contains several members implicated in tissue-specific gene expression. These results suggest that the AGGAA(A/G) motif may represent the target sequence for a specific Ets family member critical for determining the endothelial-specific gene expression program. We are currently testing this hypothesis by analyzing this motif in Vwf BAC transgenic mice containing 177 kb of upstream sequence, including all ten identified EC-CNSs. Additionally, we have expanded our analysis of the VWF genomic region to include over 700 kb of sequence surrounding and including the gene, searching for additional EC-CNSs conserved across eleven mammalian species. This comparative genomic approach, coupled with functional analysis of putative regulatory elements, should provide new insight into the endothelial cell gene expression program and the more general problem of tissue-specific gene regulation.
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Andrews, Jessica, Zanab Shareef, Mohammed Mohammed, Edison Nwobi, Tariq Masri-zada, Tyiesha Head, Tylor Zohr, Doreen Head, and Randall Commissaris. "A ‘Hands on’ Public Service Program to Help People Stay Sober and Safer on the Roadway." Sustainability 13, no. 19 (October 3, 2021): 10979. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su131910979.
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Despite the existence of many different “Don’t drink and drive” programs and campaigns over the past 30 years, alcohol intoxication has continued to account for approximately one quarter to one third of all traffic crashes and crash-related deaths in the United States. The present study describes a new ‘hands on’ evidence-based approach involving real alcohol-intoxicated subjects using a virtual reality (VR) driving ‘game’ to educate the public more effectively about the dangers of drunk driving. A single demonstration subject ‘drove’ a VR-based portable driving simulator on multiple occasions before (Pre) and at 30 min intervals for up to six hours after either vehicle (no alcohol), two, four or six ‘drinks’ (3, 6, or 9 ounces of 80 proof vodka). The defensive driving task was a choice reaction crash avoidance steering maneuver in which the driver’s task was to determine which way to turn to avoid a crash and then aggressively steer away to avoid a crash. The primary dependent variable was the latency to initiate an avoidance steering response. Blood alcohol concentration (BAC) determinations (estimations) were conducted immediately prior to driving tests using BAC Track portable breathalyzers. Control drives (Pre-Treatment and Vehicle treatment) were characterized by an approximately 300–320 ms reaction time to initiate a crash avoidance. Alcohol increased crash-avoidance reaction time. Peak BAC values were 35, 78 and 120 mg/dL for two, four and six drinks, respectively; the decline in BAC was comparable and linear for all three treatments. There was a strong correlation (r = 0.85) between pre-drive BAC level and reaction time across all of the alcohol-related drives. There was a significant increase in crash avoidance reaction time when the BAC was 50–79 mg/dL, which is below the legally defined BAC limit (80 mg/dL) currently used in most states in the US. These results demonstrate that (1) this VR-based driving simulator task could be a useful ‘hands on’ tool for providing public service demonstrations regarding the hazards of drinking and driving and (2) a BAC concentration of 50 mg/dL represents a reasonable evidence-based cut-off for alcohol-impaired driving.
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Cook, Ian. "PROGRAM MANAGEMENT AT THE STATE CONSERVATION CENTRE." AICCM Bulletin 13, no. 3-4 (January 1987): 123–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/bac.1987.13.3-4.012.
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Hill, David M., and Pat Townley. "MANAGEMENT OF THE CONSERVATION PROGRAM FOR THE POWER HOUSE MUSEUM." AICCM Bulletin 12, no. 1-2 (January 1986): 25–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/bac.1986.12.1-2.003.
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Cetin, K., D. S. Ettinger, Y. Hei, and C. D. O'Malley. "Prognostic factors by histologic subtype in stage IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): A population-based survival analysis of data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program (1988–2003)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2009): 11053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.11053.
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11053 Background: Representing roughly 85% of all lung cancers, NSCLC is frequently diagnosed at an advanced stage and has a poor prognosis. To better understand the prognostic importance of select patient and tumor characteristics in late-stage disease, we examined survival in patients diagnosed with stage IV NSCLC. Methods: Data from SEER were used to study 53,319 patients with stage IV NSCLC diagnosed between 1988 and 2003, with follow-up through 2005. The distribution of cases according to time period of diagnosis and select patient and tumor characteristics was described for each histologic subtype (squamous; adenocarcinoma (bronchioloalveolar adenocarcinoma (BAC), non-BAC); large cell; and other/unknown). Kaplan-Meier and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine the influence of these variables on overall survival by histologic subtype. Results: Most recent period of diagnosis (1998–2003 versus 1988–1992) conferred a survival advantage across histologic subtypes, independent of gender, age, ethnicity/race, tumor grade, and uptake of surgery/radiation. This was especially pronounced for those diagnosed with large cell tumors (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR): 0.76, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.71–0.82). Similarly, females survived longer than males across histologic groups, particularly for those with BAC tumors (aHR: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.66–0.89). Increasing age was associated with reduced survival in all histologic subtypes except BAC, where prognosis was poorest in the youngest age group. The influence of ethnicity/race also varied with histology: compared to Whites, American Indians/Alaskan Natives with squamous tumors and Blacks with large cell tumors had a poorer prognosis, whereas Asians/Pacific Islanders with either non-BAC or large cell tumors demonstrated superior survival. Conclusions: Survival among stage IV NSCLC patients improved over the study period, which may reflect the use of third generation chemotherapy as well as better supportive care. Nonetheless, lung cancer remains a deadly disease, and the prognostic effect of demographic factors varies with histologic subtype. [Table: see text]
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Sun, Hongmin, Ulrika Ringdahl, Jonathon W. Homeister, William P. Fay, N. Cary Engleberg, Angela Y. Yang, Laura S. Rozek, Xixi Wang, Ulf Sjobring, and David Ginsburg. "Plasminogen Is a Critical Host Pathogenicity Factor for Group A Streptococcal Infection." Blood 104, no. 11 (November 16, 2004): 687. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.687.687.
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Abstract Group A streptococci (GAS), a common human pathogen, secrete streptokinase (SK), which activates the host’s blood clot-dissolving protein, plasminogen (PLG). SK is highly specific for human PLG, exhibiting little or no activity against other mammalian species, including mouse. In addition to the species specificity of SK interaction with host PLG, species specificity has also been demonstrated for PLG receptors on the bacterial surface, such as the bacterial surface protein, PAM, and for interactions with fibrinogen. We generated a “humanized” transgenic mouse expressing human PLG under control of the mouse albumin gene regulatory sequences within a Bacteria Artificial Chromosome (BAC) transgene. The highest expressing transgenic founder line produced human PLG corresponding to ~17% of the PLG level in control human plasma (16.7±1.78) and largely rescued the prothromobtic morbidity otherwise observed in Plg null mice. Mice are generally highly resistant to subcutaneous infection by most human pathogenic GAS. However, introduction of human PLG expressed by the transgene markedly increased mortality to 75% from 20% in Tg− littermate control using the GAS strain 2616, exhibiting enhanced virulence due to site-directed mutation in the regulatory locus, csrRS. Similar differences in mortality were also observed with a wildtype GAS strain. The increased susceptibility of Tg+ mice to GAS was largely abrogated by deletion of the SK gene, demonstrating the major role of the PLG/SK interaction in GAS pathogenicity. Marked differences in mortality were also observed in Tg+ mice infected by the PAM expressing GAS strain AP53 and its PAM− isogenic variant, demonstrating a role for PAM in focusing PLG at the bacterial surface. We hypothesize that GAS hijack the host fibrinolytic system in order to circumvent local thrombosis and microvascular occlusion and reopen the vascular tree to systemic spread. Consistent with this model, the marked difference in mortality between Tg+ and Tg− mice was no longer observed when GAS were injected directly intravenously. In addition, a significant increase in bacterial colonies in the spleens of Tg+ mice was observed following subcutaneous GAS injection. Markedly increased mortality was also observed following GAS injection in C57BL/6J mice treated with the snake venom Ancrod, which proteolytically degrades plasma fibrinogen, consistent with a key role for fibrin deposition in host defense against GAS dissemination. In summary, activation of host plasminogen by SK leads to accelerated clearance of host fibrin and is a central mechanism for GAS invasion and spread. It is likely that similar interactions are central to the invasive program of other unrelated PA-associated pathogens that occupy diverse microenvironmental niches. The remarkable species specificity of SK for host PLG probably resulted from host and pathogen coevolution. These observations highlight the potential role of infectious disease as a critical force in the evolution of the hemostatic system and the unusual species specificity of many coagulation factor interactions.
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Kuss, Bryone J., Hoang Cuc Do, Karen M. Lower, Jasmine Wannop, and Peta C. Macardle. "Investigating a New Methodology for the Detection of Low Frequency 17p Deleted Clones in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia (CLL): Impact on Prognostic Outcome and Therapeutic Resistance." Blood 124, no. 21 (December 6, 2014): 5645. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.5645.5645.
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Abstract Cytogenetic analysis by standard FISH of malignant CLL lymphocytes has been identified as predictive of disease outcome. However CLL is likely to be a disease of many sub-clones which either evolve post chemo-immunotherapy or are present in very low frequency at the outset. In the contemporary therapeutic environment greater understanding of these drug resistant sub-clones is required to prevent inappropriate treatment options being employed to treatment naive patients. However, this can only be achieved by meaningful and reliable analysis of low frequency clones. CLL patients with 17p (TP53 gene) deletion, have the poorest outcome with an overall survival of 2-3 years due to chemo-refractoriness and early relapse. Although TP53 gene deletions are infrequent in CLL at initial diagnosis (5%-10%), their frequency increases to 40%-50% in the relapsed refractory patients. Importantly, CLL patients having less than 5% 17p deleted cells by standard FISH are considered normal with good prognosis, while patients with high frequency 17p deleted nuclei have the worst outcomes. A significant number of patients have TP53 deleted clones of the order of 5-40% of total cell number in which we suspect chemotherapy will have a disadvantageous effect on the genetic profile but whom currently receive this treatment. AIMS/METHODS: We are therefore exploring techniques to reliably quantify low frequency clones carrying 17p and other critical gene deletions using Flow FISH a flow cytometry-based method (Amnis Corp) capturing multiple images by Image Stream X (ISX). Extended Depth of Field (EDF) technology expands the depth of focus over the entire cell to enumerate nuclear FISH probe “spots” accurately. The "spot count/cell” program allows to stratify the number of “spots” which based on the intensity and size parameters counted for 10000 cells. Our current project requires development of unique probe sets with sufficient signal to allow reliable detection of single gene deletions with this technology. Data obtained with centromeric probes allows separation of single chromosome deletion and separation of 1 spot vs. 2 spots on image analysis. RP11 BAC probes have been selected for the region of 17p loss and individually nick translated. Individual probes have been tested by standard FISH analysis for repetitive DNA and region specificity and then applied in multiplex to intensify signal. Orange channel fluoresce has been selected to eliminate background fluorescence from histones. Preliminary results have demonstrated satisfactory technical outcomes of signal over background for utilization of this approach. Figure 1 17p probe analysed on IDEAS software, ISX (above). Figure 1. 17p probe analysed on IDEAS software, ISX (above). Figure 2 17p13.1 region for probe selection (below) Figure 2. 17p13.1 region for probe selection (below) Figure 3 CLL cells from CLLARC CLL5 with low frequency 17p deleted clones will be analysed for comparison of this approach over standard FISH analysis. Patient samples pre and post therapy are being evaluated before a larger pretreatment cohort is evaluated. Figure 3. CLL cells from CLLARC CLL5 with low frequency 17p deleted clones will be analysed for comparison of this approach over standard FISH analysis. Patient samples pre and post therapy are being evaluated before a larger pretreatment cohort is evaluated. Disclosures Kuss: Roche: Research Funding; Sanofi: Research Funding.
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Javadov, E. D., O. F. Khokhlachov, O. B. Novikova, N. V. Tarlavin, and V. V. Veretennikov. "STUDY OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE DRUG TEVTROPIN R+ RESPECT TO THE MAIN PATHOGENS OF BAC-TERIAL DISEASES OF BIRDS." International bulletin of Veterinary Medicine 3 (2020): 76–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.17238/issn2072-2419.2020.3.76.
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The implementation of zoohygienic norms and rules is an obligatory part of the biologi-cal safety program of a poultry enterprise. At the same time, an important role belongs to the organization and conduct of disinfection of all technological sections of the produc-tion cycle. Another fundamental factor in ensuring the Biosafety of poultry farms is the development and implementation in each individual farm of its own program for the control and specific prevention of infectious diseases of birds using vaccines, therapeutic and disinfecting drugs. This has become especially relevant in recent years, due to the increased number of pathogens of new infec-tious diseases of birds, new antigenic, sero-logical variants and forms of pathogens of known viral and bacterial diseases that arise as a result of their mutation and genetic transformation in the direction of increasing virulence, adaptation and resistance to the action of antibacterial drugs. Therefore, the efforts of a significant number of specialists in the fight against infectious diseases of birds lie in the production and promotion of new modern and effective disinfectants. One such remedy is the disinfectant of a new generation of Tevtropin R+ domestic pro-duction (manufacturer - plastprom, OOO). In appearance, the drug is a transparent aque-ous solution containing tetramethylenedieth-ylenetetramine (35.0+1.5%) as the active substance in a mixture with functional addi-tives: alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chlo-ride and didecyldimethylammonium chloride (surfactant). The drug has bactericidal, viru-cidal, fungicidal and sporocidal activity. Disinfecting properties are due to the ability to penetrate the cells of bacteria, viruses, and fungi and interact with the amino groups of purine and pyrimidine bases of RNA and DNA, blocking their matrix-genetic function.
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Hang, Nguyen Thi Thu, Erdinc Oksum, Le Huy Minh, and Do Duc Thanh. "An improved space domain algorithm for determining the 3-D structure of the magnetic basement." VIETNAM JOURNAL OF EARTH SCIENCES 41, no. 1 (January 8, 2019): 69–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/0866-7187/41/1/13550.
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The paper presents an improved algorithm based on Bhaskara Rao and Ramesh Babu’s algorithm to invert magnetic anomalies of three-dimensional basement structures. The magnetic basement is approximated by an ensemble of juxtaposed vertical prisms whose bottom surface coincides with Curie surface with the known depth. The computer program operating with the proposed algorithm is built in Matlab environment. Test applications show that the proposed method can perform computations with fast and stable convergence rate where the results also coincide well with the actual model structure. The effectiveness of the method is demonstrated by inverting magnetic anomalies of the southeast part of Vietnam continental shelf. The calculated magnetic basement relief of the study area provides useful additional information for studies in the aim of dealing with the geological structure of the area.References Beiki M., 2010. Analytic signals of gravity gradient tensor and their application to estimate source location, Geophysics, 75(6), i59–i74.Bui C.Q. (chief author), Le T., Tran T. D., Nguyen T. H., Phi T.T., 2007. Map of deep structure of the Earth’s crust, Atlas of the characteristics of natural conditions and environment in Vietnam’s waters and adjacent region. Publisher of Science and Technology, Ha Noi. Do D.T., Nguyen T.T.H., 2011. Atempt the improvement of inversion of magnetic anomalies of two dimensional polygonal cross sections to determine the depth of magnetic basement in some data profile of middle off shelf of Vietnam. Journal of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 49(2), 125–132.Do D.T., 2013. Study for application of 3D magnetic and gravity method to determine density contribution of basement rock and depth of magnetic basement on Vietnam’s shelf for oil research and prospecting Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Project code QG-11-04. Keating P. and Pilkington M., 2000, Euler deconvolution of the analytic signal, 62nd Annual International Meeting, EAGE, Session P0193.Keating P., Zerbo L., 1996. An improved technique for reduction to the pole at low latitudes, Geophysics, 61, 131–137.Le H.M., Luu V.H., 2003. Preliminary interpretation of the magnetic anomalies of the Eastern Vietnam sea and adiacent regions. J. Sci. of the Earth, 25(2), 173–181. Mai T.T., Pham V.T., Dang V.B., Le D.B., Nguyen B., Le V.D., 2011. Characteristics of Pliocene - Quaternary geology and Geoengineering in the Center and Southeast parts of Continental Shelf of Vietnam. J. Sci. of the Earth, 33(2), 109-118.Mushayandebvu M.F., Lesur V., Reid A.B., Fairhead J.D., 2004. Grid Euler deconvolution with constraints for 2D structures, Geophysics, 69, 489–496.Nguyen N.T., Bui V.N., Nguyen T.T.H., Than D.L., 2014a. Application of power density spectrum of magnetic anomaly to estimate the structure of magnetic layer of the earth crust in the Bac Bo gulf. Journal of Marine Science and Technology, 14(4A), 137–148.Nguyen N.T., Bui V.N., Nguyen T.T.H., 2014b. Determining the depth to the magnetic basementand fault systems in Tu Chinh - Vung May area by magnetic data interpretation. Journal of Marine Science and Technology, 14(4A), 16–25.Nguyen T.T.H., Pham T.L., Do D.T., Le H.M., 2018. Improving algorithm of determining the coordinates of the vertices of the polygon to invert magnetic anomalies of two-dimensional basement structures in space domain, Journal of Marine Science and Technology (preparing to print).Parker R.L., 1973. The rapid calculation of potential anomalies, Geophys. J. Roy. Astron. Soc, 31, 447–455. Pilkington M., Gregotski M.E., Todoeschuck J.P., 1994. Using fractal crustal magnetization models in magnetic interpretation, Geophysical Prospecting, 42, 677–692.Pilkington M., 2006. Joint inversion of gravity and magnetic data for two-layer models, Geophysics, 71, L35–L42.Rao D.B., Babu N.R., 1993. A fortran 77 computer program for three dimensional inversion of magnetic anomalies resulting from multiple prismatic bodies, Computer & Geosciences, 19(8), 781–801.Tanaka A., Okubo Y., Matsubayashi O., 1999. Curie point depth based on spectrum analysis of the magnetic anomaly data in East and Southeast Asia, Tectonic Pphysics, 306, 461–470.Thompson D.T., 1982. EULDTH – A new technique for marking computer-assisted depth estimates from magnetic data, Geophysics, 47, 31–37.Vo T.S., Le H.M., Luu V.H., 2005. Determining the horizontal position and depth of the density discontinuties in Red River Delta by using the vertical derivative and Euler deconvolution for the gravity anomaly data, Vietnam. Journal of Geology, Series A, 287(3–4), 39–52. Werner S., 1955. Interpretation of magnetic anomalies of sheet-like bodies, Sveriges Geologiska Undersokning, Series C, Arsbok, 43, 6.Xu S.Z., 2006. The integral-iteration method for continuation of potential fields, Chinese journal of geophysics (in Chinese), 49(4), 1176–1182.Zhang C., Huang D.N., Zhang K., Pu Y.T., Yu P., 2016. Magnetic interface forward and inversion method based on Padé approximation, Applied Geophysics, 13(4), 712–720.CCOP, 1996. Magnetic anomaly map of East Asia, scale 1:4.000.000, Geological survey of Japan and Committee for co-ordination of joint prospecting for mineral resources in asian offshore areas.
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Iacobucci, Ilaria, Anna Ferrari, Annalisa Lonetti, Cristina Papayannidis, Viviana Guadagnuolo, Emanuela Ottaviani, Mariachiara Abbenante, et al. "The Inactivation of the Tumor Suppressor Genes CDKN2A/ARF by Genomic Deletions Frequently Occurs and Worsens Prognosis In Adult BCR-ABL1 Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) Patients." Blood 116, no. 21 (November 19, 2010): 3136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v116.21.3136.3136.
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Abstract Abstract 3136 Deletions of the 9p21 chromosomal region are frequent events for the development of a variety of cancers, including solid tumors and hematological malignancies, such as childhood ALL. This region contains the 40-kb region encoding the p16INK4a/CDKN2A (cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2a) tumor suppressor gene and two other related genes, p14/ARF and p15INK4b/CDKN2B, all of which encode critical factors for the regulation of cell cycle and/or apoptosis. In order to explore the frequency and size of deletions affecting the 9p21 locus in adult BCR-ABL1-positive ALL, to determine the main mechanism of inactivation and to investigate the influence on the prognosis, 112 patients were analyzed: 82 (73%) de novo cases, 11 (10%) unpaired relapse cases, 19 (17%) diagnosis-relapse matched samples. The median age was 53 years (range: 18–76) and the median blast percentage was 90% (range, 18–99). Affymetrix single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays (GeneChip® Human Mapping 250K NspI and Genome-Wide Human SNP 6.0) were used to identify at a high resolution copy number changes on 9p21. PCR amplification and mutation screening of each exon by cloning and subsequent sequencing were also performed. Moreover, gene-expression profiling was performed (Affymetrix Human Exon 1ST Array) to draw a specific signature associated with deletions. At diagnosis, CDKN2A/ARF and CDKN2B genomic alterations were identified in 29% and 24% of patients, respectively. Deletions were monoallelic in the majority of cases (72%) with a median of 1,012 kb in size (range, 2.8–31,319 kb). In some of them, 43%, the minimal overlapping region of the lost area spanned only the CDKN2A/ARF/CDKN2B gene locus, but more often (57%) the loss was considerable larger and extended sometimes over the entire short arm eliminating a large number of genes. In contrast, cases with bi-allelic inactivation were 28% with the majority of deletions (75%) limited to CDKN2A/ARF/CDKN2B genes. FISH analysis was performed using three different BAC clones, but since they overlooked microdeletions we only appreciated a mild fluorescent signal reduction. In order to assess whether 9p21 loss is responsible for progression, the genomic status of this locus was assessed at the time of relapse and an almost significant increase in the detection rate of CDKN2A/ARF loss (47%) compared to diagnosis (p = 0.06) was found. Functionally, deletions led to a strong down-regulation at the transcript level of CDKN2A/ARF (p= 0.0005), as demonstrated by Fluidigm Dynamic Array real-time qPCR assay (Fluidigm Corporation, South San Francisco, CA) which enables to perform TaqMan nano-reactions at high sensitivity. Finally, the mutation screening performed on each exon of ARF, CDKN2A and CDKN2B genes showed that the 9p21 locus is rarely affected by point mutations with only the identification of the missense D146N in the CDKN2A exon 2. Furthermore, 2 mutations were found in the 5′UTR of CDKN2A [UTR A 21965011 (33%), UTR G/A 21965011 (47%), UTR C/T 21964875 (3%)] and a variation, known as SNP was found in the exon 2 (rs3731249). Finally, 2 SNPs were found in the 3′ UTR region of CDKN2A/ARF (rs11515 and rs3088440). The role of the mutations identified in the UTR is not yet defined, but the comparison with the germline material from saliva samples showed that these mutations were inherited. Since the prognostic relevance of CDKN2A/ARF deletions is still controversial in literature, we addressed this issue in our study cohort, finding out that deletions in this locus are significantly associated with poor outcome both in terms of disease free-survival (p=0.003) and cumulative incidence of relapse (p= 0.004). In conclusion, the inactivation of the tumor suppressor genes CDKN2A/ARF is a frequent event in Ph+ ALL. The main mechanism of inactivation is represented by genomic deletions, whereas missense mutations are rare. Deletions are frequently acquired at the leukemia progression and work as a poor prognostic marker, impairing disease free-survival and cumulative incidence of relapse. Novel treatment strategies targeting the ARF-MDM2-p53 pathway may be effective in this subset of patients and in vitro studies are ongoing to confirm this hypothesis. Supported by: European LeukemiaNet, AIL, AIRC, Fondazione Del Monte di Bologna e Ravenna, FIRB 2006, Ateneo RFO grants, Project of integreted program (PIO), Programma di Ricerca Regione – Università 2007 – 2009. Disclosures: Baccarani: Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria; BMS: Consultancy, Honoraria. Martinelli:Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria; BMS: Consultancy, Honoraria; Pfizer: Consultancy.
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Shen, Wei, Wenqing Li, Lionel Feigenbaum, Julie Hixon, and Scott Durum. "Visualization of IL-22 in mouse intestinal inflammation with an IL-22 tdTomato reporter mouse Wei Shen1, Wenqing Li1, Lionel Feigenbaum2, Julie A. Hixon1 and Scott K. Durum1. 1 Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation, CIP, CCR, NCI. 2 Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, CCR, NCI, Frederick MD. (44.5)." Journal of Immunology 188, no. 1_Supplement (May 1, 2012): 44.5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.188.supp.44.5.
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Abstract Interleukin (IL) 22 is produced by innate and adaptive immune cells and has activities in host defense, barrier function, tissue repair and inflammation. Previous studies of IL-22-producing cells have relied on ex-vivo restimulation, a method which assays the capability of cells to produce the cytokine, but not the actual production in vivo. To visualize IL-22 producing cells during immune responses in vivo, a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) was modified to introduce the fluorescent reporter gene (tdTomato) into the Il-22 locus. In vitro, the tdTomato reporter was visualized in splenic T cells cultured under Th17 conditions, and in cells from lamina propria following stimulation with IL-23. In colitis induced by either DSS or T cell (CD4+CD45RBhigh) transfer, intestinal intraepithelial cells were isolated and showed expression of the IL-22 reporter by quantitative real-time PCR and flow cytometry analysis. Visualized in histological sections, most of the tdTomato-positive cells in these induced models of inflammatory bowel disease were first present in the mesenteric lymph nodes, and then accumulated inside lamina propria of distal small intestine and colon tissues. In conclusion, this novel IL-22 reporter was expressed in the intestine and draining lymph nodes in several colitis models and will be useful in identifying the cell types, their site of commitment and sites of production of this key cytokine in homeostasis and models of infection of intestine and lung.
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Hiển, Trần Tiến. "THE MANAGEMENT OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY APPLICATION IN TEACHING METHOD INNOVATION IN LOWER SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN BAC NINH CITY, BAC NINH PROVINCE MEETS THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE OVERALL GENERAL EDUCATION PROGRAM - SITUATION AND ISSUES POSED." Tạp chí Nghiên cứu dân tộc 9, no. 4 (November 25, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.25073/0866-773x/502.
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Innovating teaching methods to meet the requirements of the overall general education program 2018 is an objective inevitable. Managing the application of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in teaching method innovation to meet the requirements of the overall general education program in the current period is the right direction of the lower secondary schools. The author of the article has surveyed 10 lower secondary schools of Bac Ninh city, Bac Ninh province on the current situation of information and communication technology application management in innovation of teaching methods to meet requirements of the overall general education program 2018, the author has assessed the strengths and weaknesses to have positive solutions in the coming time.
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Castellanos Rivera, Ruth M., Ellen S. Pentz, Kenneth W. Gross, Silvia Medrano, Jing Yu, Maria Luisa S. Sequeira-Lopez, and R. Ariel Gomez. "Abstract 38: Rbp-j Regulates the Genetic Program of the Myo-epithelioid JG Cell." Hypertension 60, suppl_1 (September 2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/hyp.60.suppl_1.a38.
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RBP-J , the major downstream effector of Notch signaling, is necessary to maintain the number of juxtaglomerular (JG) cells. In addition, RBP-J regulates the plasticity of arteriolar smooth muscle cells to adopt the renin cell phenotype when homeostasis is threatened. We hypothesized that RBP-J acts as an on/off switch controlling the expression of genes that determine the renin phenotype. To determine whether RBP-J directly affects renin gene expression, we generated mice harboring a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) transgene with green fluorescent protein (GFP) under the control of the renin gene carrying a mutation in its RBP-J- binding site (Mut-BAC). Mut-BAC mice had markedly reduced GFP expression to 12.9 % ±0.01 (n=3) of the control (Wt-BAC) and a diminished response to homeostatic challenges: mut-BAC mice had a reduced number of GFP positive JG areas per total number of glomeruli (Wt-BAC: 25.1 % ±3.0, n=3; Mut-BAC: 9.3 % ±1.4, n=2, p<0.02) and no GFP expression along the arterioles. To determine whether the decrease in the number of JG cells in mice lacking RBP-J (cKO) was due to a diminished endowment of renin progenitor cells, we traced the fate of cells derived from the renin lineage by generating mice ( RBP-J fl/fl ; Ren1d +/cre ; R26R +/- ) in which cells lacking RBP-J simultaneously expressed β-galactosidase (β-gal). The pattern of β-gal in cKO and control kidneys was identical, indicating that cells derived from the renin lineage did not die but instead changed their phenotype. Next we investigated the phenotype adopted by the cells derived from the renin lineage. Expression of α-smooth muscle actin and smoothelin (a marker of mature smooth muscle) was significantly decreased to 41 % ±7.0 (n=2) and 44 % ±8.8 (n=2) respectively with respect to controls (p<0.01). In addition, mutant JG cells in vivo did not express genes characteristic of the renin phenotype such as renin, calponin1, Nfat and Akr1b7 expressing instead fibroblast-specific protein 1 indicating the adoption of a fibroblast-like phenotype. Results indicate that RBP-J directly governs a genetic program that controls the dual endocrine-contractile phenotype of the JG cell, which is crucial to maintain blood pressure and fluid-electrolyte homeostasis.
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Thu, Dao Thi, Nguyen Quang Son, and Nguyen Van Tien. "REGULATING AN EXTRACURRICULAR PROGRAMME ON SWIMMING SAFETY AND DROWNING PREVENTION FOR STUDENTS IN GRADES 6 AND 7 BAC LIEU CITY, BAC LIEU PROVINCE, VIETNAM." European Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science 9, no. 1 (October 26, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.46827/ejpe.v9i1.4506.
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The paper employs traditional sports research methodologies involving document reference, interview, pedagogical observation, and pedagogical testing. Based on theoretical, practical, pedagogical, and scientific principles, the authors construct an extra-curricular program in swimming and drowning prevention skills for students in grades 6 and 7 in Bac Lieu City, Bac Lieu province. The program is designed to provide students with the ability to identify danger, and grasp the causes of drowning and how to prevent them, thereby developing self-defense skills and drowning prevention. The study team creates a program to teach lower secondary pupils the aforesaid skills in addition to instructing them how to utilize buoys, ropes, towels, poles, and to swim 25 meters breaststroke.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0689/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
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Iribarren, Carlos, Tory Levine-Hall, Gabriela Sanchez, Bahman Sadeghi, Hanna Javan, Hyo-Min Cho, Huanjun Ding, and Sabee Molloi. "Abstract P369: Relation of Breast Arterial Calcification With Ankle Brachial Index." Circulation 137, suppl_1 (March 20, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circ.137.suppl_1.p369.
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Presence of breast arterial calcification (BAC) has been shown to be independently associated with increased risk of subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD), angiographically-defined coronary disease and with incident coronary heart disease, stroke and heart failure. However, a relationship between BAC and peripheral vascular disease has not been established. The ankle brachial index (ABI) is an indicator of the severity of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) that predicts future CVD risk. We utilized cross-sectional data collected at the baseline examination (2012-15) of the MultIethNic Study of BrEast ARterial Calcium Gradation and CardioVAscular Disease (MINERVA Study), a cohort study of 5,145 post-menopausal women who were members of the Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program of Northern California (KPNC) who were free of clinical CVD at baseline. Presence and gradation (in mg of calcium mass) of BAC in digital mammograms was ascertained with a validated densitometry method. ABI, the average of two ankle systolic pressure readings divided by the average of two brachial systolic pressure readings, was measured by trained and certified personnel after a ten-minute rest. A total of 3,693 women had complete data on all variables of interest; their mean (SD) age was 66 (4) years and 64% were white, 12% African-American, 14% Asian, 9% Latina and 1% mixed or other. While 28.2% presented with any detectable BAC (i.e., BAC mass > 0 mg), 5.4% had an ABI < 0.90. Three women had ABI>1.40 and were excluded from analyses (none had BAC>0). Prevalence of ABI < 0.90 was 4.8% (27/2,653) in women with BAC=0 and 6.9% (72/1,040) in women with any detectable BAC. The Odds Ratio of ABI<0.90 associated with any BAC was 1.39 (95% CI, 1.03-1.89) in a model adjusting for age and race/ethnicity, and was 1.38 (95% CI, 1.02-1.88) in a model with further adjustment for BMI, smoking status, diabetes, hypertension, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and hs-CRP. However, among women with any detectable BAC, standardized log_BAC mass (mg) was not significantly associated in bivariate linear regression analysis with ABI (slope=-0.0030 [SE=0.0031]; p=0.32). Our study demonstrates (for the first time) an independent association between presence of BAC and ABI indicative of PAD, with no apparent linear dose-response relationship.
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"NHGRI BAC-based Sequencing Program to be Terminated because of Lack of Demand." Journal of Investigative Medicine 50, no. 6 (November 2002): 392–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2310/6650.2002.32411.
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Hiển, Trần Tiến. "THE MANAGEMENT SOLUTION OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY APPLICATION IN TEACHING METHOD INNOVATION IN LOWER SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN BAC NINH CITY, BAC NINH PROVINCE MEETS THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE GENERAL EDUCATION PROGRAM." Tạp chí Nghiên cứu dân tộc 10, no. 1 (March 28, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.25073/0866-773x/526.
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The Government and the Education and Training sector have considered the application of information and communication technology in teaching method innovation as an important breakthrough in improving the quality of education. Recognizing the importance of applying information and communication technology to contribute to the innovation of teaching methods, schools in Bac Ninh city have implemented many measures to promote the application of information and communication technology in teaching and management. The application of information and communication technology in teaching method innovation in lower secondary schools in Bac Ninh city has initially achieved certain results. Applying Information and communication technology in teaching method innovations are also limited. Through research and survey on the current situation of management of information and communication technology application in teaching method innovation in lower secondary schools in Bac Ninh city, Bac Ninh province, the author has proposed management measures. Applying information and communication technology in renewing teaching methods suitable to the conditions of the lower secondary schools, in order to improve the quality of teaching in the lower secondary schools of Bac Ninh city in particular and improve the quality of general education of Bac Ninh province in general.
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Le, Anh Thi Phuong, Puvaneswaran Kunasekaran, Neethiahnanthan Ari Ravagan, Hung Ngoc Le, Tuan Thanh Nguyen, and Thang Vu Luong. "Promoting small family businesses through OCOP program and tourism activities in rural areas in Vietnam: the case of Bac Giang province." Journal of Family Business Management, August 11, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfbm-10-2021-0124.
Full textAbstract:
PurposeOne Commune One Product (OCOP) program, a rural economic development program in Vietnam, aims to empower local communities for sustainable social and economic welfare development, protect the environment and preserve tradition. This study aims to employ this program associated with tourism to support small family businesses in rural areas cost-effectively.Design/methodology/approachThis study used the geographic location mapping method to design tourist routes that connect tourism resources with OCOP producers. A stakeholder approach was employed to identify suggested practical works that need to be implemented while developing this tourism initiative.FindingsFour rural districts of Bac Giang Province, a northern province in Vietnam known as the place of various indigenous people live and traditional craft villages. Many cultural and historical tourist sites have been chosen as sample areas for this study. By using Google map, based on the Bac Giang Tourist Map and a list of recognized OCOP products in Bac Giang Province, main tourist sites (16 locations) and small family businesses (known as cooperatives and households) that have OCOP products (17 places) in the four districts have been identified. Four notable tourist routes have been formed to propose four thematic tours (two 1-day tours and two 2 days-1 night homestay tours). Suggestions for related stakeholders to ensure the sustainability of this initiative are provided.Research limitations/implicationsThis study is supposed to be a model of promoting small family businesses through OCOP programs and tourism activities in a sustainable way in Vietnam. The outcome of this study is in line with the stakeholder theory emphasizing the systematic connection of various stakeholders such as employees, suppliers, local communities, government agencies and others towards complex business sustainability. The results of the study cannot conclude the small family businesses in Vietnam because it adopts geographic location mapping alone. Moreover, this study focused on OCOP programs only. Future research can use other methods of primary data collection, especially from tourists' perspectives. Data triangulation can be done to explore and verify the tourist routes that have been formed according to the four thematic tours proposed. Future research could also compare hotels managed by family businesses with non-family businesses.Originality/valueThis study is supposed to be a model of promoting small family businesses through OCOP programs and tourism activities in a sustainable way in Vietnam.