Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Barbituriques – Effets du soufre'
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Yebga, Albert. "Etude de l'influence de l'introduction du soufre sur le métabolisme de barbituriques porteurs d'une chaîne ramifiée." Rouen, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ROUE04NR.
Full textAminou, Taofiki. "Contribution à l'étude cinétique de l'absorption d'hétérocycles azotes (barbituriques) en milieu aqueux et aquo-organiques effets de solvants organiques." Grenoble : ANRT, 1985. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb375944511.
Full textAminou, Taofiki. "Contribution à l'étude cinétique de l'adsorption d'hétérocycles azotes (barbituriques) en milieu aqueux et aquo-organiques : effets de solvants organiques : quelques applications pharmacocinétiques." Tours, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985TOUR4006.
Full textLapisardi, Grégory. "Oxydation du méthane dans les effluents de moteurs à gaz fonctionnant en mélange pauvre sur des catalyseurs à base de métaux précieux." Lyon 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LYO10030.
Full textThe present work concerns the study of catalysts based on Pt and Pd for the total oxidation of methane with the aim of its removal from lean-burn gas motors exhausts (NGV, cogeneration). Monometallic Pd and Pt catalysts and bimetallic PdxPt1-x catalysts were deposited on Al2O3 and SnO2 and studied. The influence of a mild steam ageing under wet atmosphere simulating along-term use was examined. Pd-rich bimetallic catalysts on Al2O3 exhibit better catalytic properties than the reference Pd/Al2O3 catalyst: better resistance upon ageing, better activity in wet atmosphere. These properties are related with an interaction of Pt with Pd, interaction revealed by various physico-chemical techniques. The use of SnO2 as support does not allow to improve the catalytic performances of mono or bimetallic catalysts. All the studied catalysts deactivate in the presence of sulphur-containing compounds (H2S, SO2) due to poisoning of active sites. The stability of the poison species depends on the metal, the support used and the reaction temperature
Dubousset, Lucie. "Effet d'une restriction en sulfate couplée ou non à une limitation en nitrate sur l'efficience de mobilisation du S et du N foliaire chez le colza d'hiver (Brassica napus L. ) : Thèse soutenue sur un ensemble de travaux." Caen, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CAEN2074.
Full textThe survey of the physiological and agronomic impacts of a mineral sulphur (S) limitation in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L. ) – an oleagenous very demanding in S but characterized by a weak S use efficiency (SUE) – is of particular interest in the current context of S impoverishment in soils associated with the decrease of atmospheric deposits. Thus, the goals were targeted to (1) determine the stages of development the most sensitive to the S limitation, (2) identify the processes of S and N mobilization/allocation (via 15N/34S labellings) and (3) evaluate the effects of the N availability on these processes. An allometric relationship similar to N with shoot biomass could not be established for S. Whatever the availability in N, a sequestration of sulphate in leaves of plants well supplied with S was revealed in greenhouse and in field experiments. In case of S limitation, the sulfate stored in leaves would be efficiently remobilized towards growing tissues via the induction of tonoplastic transporters (BnSultr4;1 and BnSultr4;2) involved in its efflux. A S restriction at the stage C2 (bolting) affects the N use efficiency. The grain filling and the oil quality depend on the S availability between C2 and D2 (visible buds). Overall results show that the weak SUE in oilseed rape is related to a weak mobilization of sulphate in leaves and that an adapted S fertilization covering the requirements until the beginning of flowering would allow improving the SUE while maintaining seed yield and quality
Zerouki, Alain. "Corrosion de revêtements d'alliages M-CrAlY par le soufre vapeur et le dioxyde de soufreTexte imprimé." Dijon, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985DIJOS043.
Full textNyassi, Abdelhamid. "Contribution à l'étude du comportement d'un alliage ferritique dans des milieux gazeux complexes (oxydant-sulfurant) à haute température." Dijon, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985DIJOS030.
Full textGosselin, Catherine. "Inhalation d'anhydride sulfureux et pathologie respiratoire : à propos d'un cas d'inhalation aiguë accidentelle survenu en milieu de travail (CHR de Caen)." Caen, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990CAEN3103.
Full textMalka, Pascale. "Étude en chambres à ciel ouvert, des effets de doses subnécrotiques d'ozone et de dyoxide de soufre sur la croissance et le fonctionnement stomatique de Picea abies." Paris 12, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA120053.
Full textElbouazzaoui, Sanaâ. "Effets du soufre sur des catalyseurs de type "piège à NOx" à base de baryum et (ou) d'oxydes réductibles." Poitiers, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005POIT2256.
Full textDuhail, Céline. "La pourriture du raisin : facteurs de sélection des micro-organismes dominants et incidences œnologiques." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR20670.
Full textBecquer, Thierry. "Production endogène de protons par les cycles de l'azote et du soufre dans deux sapinières vosgiennes : bilans saisonniers et incidence sur la toxicité de l'aluminium." Nancy 1, 1991. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_1991_0024_BECQUER.pdf.
Full textGuillou-Largeteau, Isabelle. "Etude de substances de faible poids moléculaire combinant le dioxyde de soufre dans les vins blancs issus de vendange botrytisée : mise en évidence et importance du rôle de l'hydroxypropanedial." Bordeaux 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR20425.
Full textAbdallah, Maha. "Etude de l’allocation et de la mobilisation du soufre (S) chez le colza d’hiver (Brassica napus L. ) soumis à une oligotrophisation en S." Caen, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CAEN2069.
Full textOilseed rape (Brassica napus L. ) is supposed to be sensitive to S limitation which negatively affects growth. Nevertheless, as little studies clearly assessed the impact of short or long term mineral S limitation, we analyzed its effects on i) biomass production, ii) N and S uptake by , 15N and 34S labelling iii) relative gene expression of nitrate and sulphate transport systems, iv) N and S remobilization and v) leaf senescence dynamics during vegetative growth. The results showed that under short term S limitation and with sufficient initial S reserves, oilseed rape is able to maintain its growth according to the recycling of endogenous S reserves (mostly as sulphate) from old leaves while in the meantime, gene expression encoding sulphate tonoplastic transporters were up-regulated. S fluxes from uptake and S remobilization from leaves were mostly allocated to the roots. Only with both low initial S reserves and low mineral S availability (i. E. Long term S limitation), plant growth was reduced while one of the nitrate transporter gene expressions was steadily down-regulated and root nitrate uptake was also reduced. Moreover, leaf soluble proteins contents, total S, S recently taken up as 34S and sulphate contents in oldest leaves declined despite an up-regulation of the expression of genes encoding plasmalemmic or tonoplastic sulphate transporters. Compared to control plants, S limitation also delayed leaf senescence evaluated by molecular indicators and leaf protein degradation. Overall results demonstrated that the effect of S limitation should be estimated by taking into account plant initial S status, and particularly the sulphate content within the oldest leaves. Our results gave new perspectives for the improvement of Sulphur Use Efficiency and Nitrogen Use Efficiency, because of the tigh inter-connection between theses two metabolisms
Laborde, Jean-Louis. "Contribution à l'étude des phénomènes d'oxydation dans les vins rouges : rôle joué par l'anhydride sulfureux." Bordeaux 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BOR20160.
Full textAlves, de Oliveira Laurent. "Effets de l'acidose chronique et d'un excès de sulfate sur le métabolisme microbien de la thiamine dans le rumen." Lyon 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO10226.
Full textNammour, Doummar. "Recherches sur la phéromone sexuelle de Bruchidius atrolineatus Pic (coléoptère Bruchidae) et sur des substances d'origines végétales à propriétés insecticides : leur importance dans le contrôle des populations." Tours, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOUR4002.
Full textBarbe, Jean-Christophe. "La combinaison du dioxyde de soufre dans les moûts et vins issus de raisins botrytisés : rôle des bactéries acétiques." Bordeaux 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR20745.
Full textTallec, Tiphaine. "Effets d'un double gradient azote/soufre sur la structure des communautés végétales de prairies bas-normandes : dynamique de l'acquisition des ressources minérales et des interactions compétitives." Caen, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008CAEN2011.
Full textThe importance of soil S depletion, due to an increased export from plant harvest combined with a decreased atmospheric S deposition, requires to study its impact on the dynamics of grassland communities, under different N supplies. A pluri-scale study was carried out in situ, and in mesocosm consisting of populations or of model communities with 4 dominant species. Before and after defoliation, the relative production, the abundance and the competitiveness of the species were analyzed through their N and S use efficiency using a simultaneous 15N/34S labelling. Their response was conditioned by their physiological ability to mobilize resources, but also to compete for the latter in N-rich soil. A strong co-regulation between N and S metabolisms was highlighted. An increased S availability enhanced production for all scale situations. The S effects on Poaceae appeared only at high N availability, by a stimulation of their soil N use efficiency, optimizing N fertilizer use. Those on clover induced the stimulation (i) of the atmospheric N fixation, even at high N availability, (ii) of its vegetative multiplication and (iii) of N reserves accumulation in stolons. In situ and in community, S input increased the abundance of dominated species and, with high N fertilization, maintained or increased specific diversity. Overall, a rational S input appeared as an important tool for grassland management
Charlebois, Denis. "Potentiel et limitations de la spectroscopie photoacoustique pour l'étude des effets de l'ozone, du bioxyde de soufre et de l'ion sulfite sur l'activité photosynthétique des plantes." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1994. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/6695/1/000611356.pdf.
Full textMalka, Pascale. "Etude en chambres à ciel ouvert des effets de doses sunécrotiques d'ozone et de dioxyde de soufre sur la croissance et le fonctionnement stomatique de Picea abies." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37615594b.
Full textNguyen, Thi-Phuong. "Etude des effets de la pollution atmosphérique sur la dégradation de la gélatine photographique." Rouen, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ROUES101.
Full textSieffert, André. "La pollution par le SO ₂ et son interaction avec la sécheresse sont-ils des facteurs du dépérissement des forêts ? : étude de la composition protéique des aiguilles de Picea abies L. Karst." Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA112377.
Full textThis research has been focused on the study of the protein pattern of Picea abies needles d aimed at detecting modifications involved in the forest die back syndrom. Analysis of proteins by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis has led to the elaboration of protein maps of ca. 970 spots for three Norway spruce genotypes (clones) and the interclonal protein polymorphism has been studied. Quantitative difference in several proteins has been shown in green needles of damaged spruce trees relative to "healthy" trees from the Vosges (France). Soil dehydration induces quantitative variation of particular proteins as applied to 4-5 year-old trees. These effects were amplified or occurred earlier when drought was applied ta plants grown in air with 0,08 ppm S0₂ , whereas So₂ alone did not alter the protein patterns. Quantitative codifications in some proteins could be observed after 4 to 5 months in response to S0₂ , alone. Our results establish that S0₂ can reduce the resistance capacity of Norway spruce to drought, the synergistic effect between these factors possibly being implicated in forest dieback
Vallet, Anne-Laure. "Réactivités de NHC-Boranes Soufrés." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112261.
Full textAlong with the development of green chemistry, it became necessary to avoid toxic metallic complexes in organic reactions and replace them by more sustainable compounds. An hydrogen donors for radical reactions, trialkylstannanes are still widely used. NHC-boranes seem to be good substitutes for deoxygenation reactions. However, dehalogenation reactions are less effective and polar reversal catalysis was used. This work was the starting point of this Ph.D thesis where the synthesis of new NHC-boranes bearing a B-S or B-N bound is developed. The study of the properties of these new complexes was performed and applications in organic chemistry as well as in polymer science were found. Besides, to study polar effects on the formation and on the reactivity of boryl radicals, a new family of carbene-boranes was synthesized
Cregut, Mickaël. "Caractérisation de la communauté bactérienne impliquée dans la minéralisation du soufre organique dans les rhizosphères de colza et d'orge." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPL025N/document.
Full textOver the past thirty years, Sulfur (S) has become one of the most limiting element for crop growth due to many factors, such as new soil management practices and depletion of the anthropogenic pollution. Thus, S deficiencies increase in crops, particularly in Western Europe. Our objectives were to apprehend the soil functional bacterial community which, by its arylsulfatase activity, allows the mineralization of the majority form of S to sulfate (form of S assimilated by plants). Based on our results, the density of the functional bacterial community are higher in environments where S is potentially limiting (rapeseed rhizosphere vs. barley rhizosphere). Moreover, this functional community appeared diverse and belonging to several taxonomic classes (Actinobacteria, firmicutes, a-, ß-, d-, ?-proteobacteria and Planctomycetea). In addition, in the rapeseed rhizosphere, temporal variations of the structure and diversity of this functional community have also been highlighted. In conclusion, our experiments appear to demonstrate that this functional bacterial community mineralizing sulphate esters appeared stimulated in rapeseed rhizosphere compared to that present in barley rhizosphere. However, the establishment of new approaches to allow additional functional ecology bases for this community should be made to allow a better understanding of its potential involvement in sulfur nutrition of crops
Chaabouni, Henda. "Étude par spectroscopie infrarouge de l'ozone et du dioxyde de soufre adsorbés sur la surface de la glace ou piégés dans son volume entre 10 et 170 k. Effets d'irradiation à 266 nm sur le mélange O3 + SO2 piégé en matrice d'argon ou dans la glace." Paris 6, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA066230.
Full textDe, Mia Marcello. "The Role of nitric oxide in the remodeling of the photosynthetic apparatus under abiotic stress in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS516/document.
Full textThe regulation of photosynthesis is crucial for photoautotrophic organisms and is usually operated by the modulation of light absorption or by redirection of electrons towards alternative sinks, in order to redistribute energy among several metabolic pathways. Between different mechanisms described, the remodeling of the photosynthetic apparatus is crucial under conditions of nutrient starvation or light fluctuations. It is well known that nitric oxide (NO) plays a signaling role in many abiotic stress responses, acting as a second messenger and/or modifying target proteins through redox post translational modifications. Its involvement has been recently described during nitrogen starvation in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. This work focuses on the remodeling of the photosynthetic apparatus upon sulfur starvation and light fluctuations in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, with particular interest for the signaling pathway involved in the responses. First we characterized sulfur starvation under heterotrophy and photo-autotrophy. Photosynthetic inactivation under low light and darkness is achieved through specific degradation of Rubisco and cytochrome b₆f and occurs only in the presence of reduced carbon in the medium. We have also shown a strong NO production after the onset of starvation, with NO-sensitive fluorescence probes visualized by confocal microscopy. We provide pharmacological evidence that intracellular NO production governs this degradation pathway using NO scavengers, NO synthesis inhibitors and NO donors. Furthermore, here, we provide clear evidence for a regulatory circuit that controls cytosolic LHCII translation in response to light quantity changes. This circuit requires the cytosolic RNA-binding protein NAB1 to repress translation of certain LHCII mRNAs. Specific nitrosylation of Cys-226 decreases NAB1 activity and could be demonstrated in vitro and in vivo. The less active, nitrosylated form of NAB1 is found in cells acclimated to limiting light supply, which permits accumulation of light harvesting proteins and efficient light capture. In contrast, elevated light supply causes NAB1 denitrosylation, thereby activating the repression of light-harvesting protein synthesis and decreasing the light pressure at the level of PSII. Denitrosylation of NAB1 is efficiently performed by the cytosolic thioredoxin system in vitro. To our knowledge, NAB1 is the first example of stimulus-induced denitrosylation in the context of photosynthetic acclimation. Taken together, our data suggest a pivotal role for NO-signaling in the control of environmental stress responses
NOLOT, EMMANUEL. "Etude de dispositifs de protection contre les effets des decharges electriques au sein d'un generateur de tres haute tension : l'accelerateur vivitron." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE10195.
Full textGicquel, Aurélien. "Impact des changements globaux sur le fonctionnement des tourbières : couplage C-N-S et interactions biotiques." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00734604.
Full textDawi, Kamel. "Corrosion à haute température de fontes GS à matrice ferritique et austénitique sous atmosphères complexes." Compiègne, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009COMP1803.
Full textNguyen, Van Phuc. "Étude expérimentale et modélisation des interactions entre H2S et les hydrocarbures. Formation de composés organo-soufrés et effets cinétiques en gisement." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0292/document.
Full textH2S can be a dominant gas in carbonate petroleum reservoirs. However, researches on the influence of H2S on the oil stability are limited in literature. In this thesis, interactions between hydrocarbons (oils, model compounds) and H2S were studied by confined pyrolysis in gold cells from 310 to 350°C under 700 bar. Results of pyrolysis of oil (free of sulfur) in presence of H2S lead to highlight a new pathway of formation of organic sulfur compounds in oils. Pyrolysis of binary mixtures n-octane/H2S and alkylbenzène/H2S allowed to propose different radical reactions for the generation of main sulfur products, namely, thiophene, thiols, thiacycloalkanes, alkyl-thiophenes in the first case ; thiol-aromatics, alkyl-benzothiophenes in the second. Results obtained in the mixture n-octane/H2S led to construct and validate a detailed mechanistic model. The mechanism shows that pyrolysis of n-octane/H2S occurs in long chain and H2S has an inhibition effect on the consumption of n-octane at temperatures above of 320°C, but accelerate the reaction rate strongly at low temperatures. Extrapolation of the kinetic model to geological temperatures and pressures (150-200°C, 700 bar) shows that H2S can significantly influence the composition and stability of hydrocarbons. It is also proposed to apply the model to study the reactivity of H2S under conditions of enhanced recovery (steam injection, pyrolysis) or of geological storage in depleted petroleum reservoirs
D'Hooghe, Philippe. "Impacts de la disponibilité en sulfate sur la physiologie de la feuille et sur la qualité, le métabolisme soufré et la germination de la graine de colza." Phd thesis, Université de Caen, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00937062.
Full textFoucart, Brice. "Observation et modélisation de la Formation de Nouvelles Particules (FNP) au sein du panache volcanique du Piton de la Fournaise." Thesis, La Réunion, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LARE0014/document.
Full textVolcanic activity can be a natural source of air pollution. This pollution can lead to a deterioration in air quality, affect human health and disrupt aviation safety. The Piton de la Fournaise in Reunion Island is one of the most active basaltic volcanoes in the world. Its sporadic eruptions generate volcanic plumes consisting mainly of gases and nanoparticles that spread in the atmosphere. During the day, a part of the sulphur dioxide can be oxidized to sulphuric acid thanks to oxidants production (photolysis). H2SO4molecules tend to react with atmospheric water molecules and form clusters via homogeneous binary nucleation. Then, these clusters grow by condensation and/or coagulation processes leading to the formation of a submicronic volcanic aerosol. This thesis aims to observe, understand and model the New Particle Formation (NPF) processes within volcanic plumes. Consequently, it is organized in two parts. The first is based on the data gathered during the multidisciplinary STRAP campaign conducted at both the Maïdo Observatory and Piton de la Fournaise volcano in 2015. It presents the results from a dual analysis of the NPF events frequency and intensity at the observatory. While the first analysis focuses on processes in the absence of the volcanic plume, the second highlights the specificities of the NPF related to the presence of the plume at Maïdo. The second part focuses on 0D then 3D NPF processes modelling within volcanic plumes via the Meso-NH atmospheric model
Durand, Jonathan. "Modélisation de la dynamique et de l'évolution physico-chimique des gaz volcaniques lors de l'éruption d'avril 2007 du Piton de la Fournaise." Thesis, La Réunion, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LARE0004/document.
Full textSulphur dioxide (SO2) is one of the main gases emitted during volcanic eruptions. The Reunion Island experienced its biggest eruption of Piton de la Fournaise Volcano during April 2007 and this event degassed more than 230 kt of SO2. Theses emissions led to important health issues, accompanied by environmental and infrastructure degradations. SO2 measurements made by the ORA noted higher concentrations than the critical threshold for health but not to periods when the eruption was the most intense. Our study is to use the atmospheric mesoscale model Meso-NH to simulate the transport of SO2 between 2 and 7April, with a focus on the influence of heat flow from lava flows. Three domains are nested from 2km to 100m of horizontal resolution. This modeling study torque simultaneously (i) atmospheric dynamics of mesoscale Meso-NH, (ii) a chemistry module in the gas phase and aqueous phase, and (iii) a surface model simulating a lava flow spread. All flow (heat,vapor, SO2, CO2 and HCl) are triggered online and are function of the dynamics of thepropagation front. Our simulations reproduce the observations of surface concentrations of SO2 for that period and various sensitivity analyzes show that the sulfur distribution was mainly controlled by the lava heat flow. The latest simulations include the modeling of the Laze plume when the lava meet the sea. Finally, two sensitivity tests were performed on the day of April 5 to analyze the dynamic interactions between convections: the crater andover the lava (sensible heat flux) and at the entry of lava into the sea (latent heat flux)
Coadou, Erwan. "Organosulphur compounds for electrochemical energy storage applications : supercapacitors and lithium-sulphur batteries." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.706291.
Full textSalma, Mohammad. "Etude et caractérisation de l'état " Viable mais Non Cultivable " chez Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00973496.
Full textTurcot, Jonathan. "Effets de mutations dans le gène ldhA et dans la protéine FhlA ainsi que de la limitation en glucose ou en soufre sur la production d'hydrogène chez Escherichia coli." Thèse, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/15141.
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