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Kasemchainan, Jitti [Verfasser], and M. J. [Akademischer Betreuer] Hoffmann. "Factors affecting Capacity Retention in Hybrid Lithium-Sulfur Battery / Jitti Kasemchainan. Betreuer: M. J. Hoffmann." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1075253616/34.
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Souza, Luciano Portes de. "Validação do Movement Assessment Battery for Children - second edition checklist para a língua portuguesa." Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, 2012. http://tede.udesc.br/handle/handle/246.
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Previous issue date: 2012-03-01<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior<br>The battery assessment for motor evaluation, Movement Assessment Battery for Children - Second Edition (MABC-2), composed of motor tests and a questionnaire (MABC-2 Checklist), has been used and tested in various nationalities to identify children with motor problems. However, due to cultural differences between the country of origin of the protocol (United Kingdom) and some cultures where the protocol was used (Australia, Spain and Japan), it was noticed the need for further studies and adaptations in some parts of the test for use in those countries. This study aimed to validate part of the MABC-2, the Movement Assessment Battery for Children - Second Edition - Checklist to Portuguese language. We performed the translation of the instrument into Brazilian Portuguese by a standard procedure of translation, back translation and judgment by a committee of experts, composed by four teachers and seven doctors. The experts examined the original and translated to check consistency between the versions and suggest modifications. Adaptations were made in consensus with the committee of experts, defined a Pre-Final version, which was then tested. The instrument was answered by 40 children's responsible and 16 teachers (14 regents and two Physical Education teachers). The children's responsible also answered the DCDQ-BR questionnaire. Were evaluated with the motor tests of the instrument MABC-2, 98 school children aged between 7 and 10 years, of both sexes. The final version of the instrument MABC-2 Checklist presented a high level of internal consistency with alpha equal to 0.953, a result pointed out as being excellent. Although the instrument has been presented valid, it did not show a high degree of trust in inter-rater reliability test, showing a statistically significant difference between groups (810.145, p = 0.000). When construct and concurrent validity was tested, it was demonstrated a statistically significant difference between MABC-2 motor tests, Checklist and DQDQ BR, being (F (2.177) = 810.145, p = 0.000). The post-hoc Tukey test revealed a significant difference between the motor evaluation tests of MABC-2, DCDQ-BR questionnaire and MABC-2 Checklist completed by children's responsible and teachers, these being (p = 0.000) for all cases. Using data obtained in this study, we can conclude that the translation of the instrument is valid, but the diagnosis was made through the instrument MABC-2 Checklist showed no accuracy when trying to identify children with motor problems. It is suggested that future studies consider to develop a national and / or regional reference tables, and also consider different tables for responsible, teachers and other groups that may answer the instrument.<br>A bateria de testes de avaliação motora Movement Assessment Battery for Children - Second Edition (MABC-2), composta por testes motores e um questionário (MABC-2 Checklist), tem sido usada e testada em diversas nacionalidades para identificar crianças com problemas motores. Porém, em virtude de diferenças culturais entre o país de origem do protocolo (Reino Unido) e algumas culturas onde o protocolo foi utilizado (Austrália, Espanha e Japão), percebeu-se a necessidade de mais estudos e de adequações em algumas partes do teste para o uso nestes países. O presente estudo teve como proposta validar parte do MABC-2; o Movement Assessment Battery for Children - Second Edition Checklist para a língua portuguesa. Foi realizada a tradução do instrumento para o português brasileiro através de um procedimento padrão de tradução, retrotradução e julgamento dessas por um comitê de especialistas composto por 4 mestres e 7 doutores. O grupo de especialistas examinou a versão original e traduzida para verificar a concordância entre as versões e sugerir modificações. Foram feitas adaptações em consenso com o comitê de especialistas, sendo definido uma versão Pré-Final; que em seguida foi testada. Responderam ao instrumento, 40 responsáveis e 16 professores (14 regentes e 2 de Educação Física). Os responsáveis também responderam o questionário DCDQ-BR. Foram avaliados com os testes motores do instrumento MABC-2, 98 escolares com idades entre 7 e 10 anos, de ambos os sexos. A versão final do instrumento MABC-2 Checklist apresentou elevado índice de consistência interna com Alfa igual a 0,953; resultado apontado como sendo excelente. Embora o instrumento tenha se apresentado válido, ele não apresentou um alto grau de fidedignidade no teste de fidedignidade entre avaliadores, evidenciando uma diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos (810,145, p=0,000). Quando posto à prova as validades de constructo e concorrente, ficou evidenciada uma diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os testes MABC-2 motor, Checklist e DQDQ-BR sendo (F(2,177) = 810,145, p=0,000). O teste post-hoc Tukey revelou que houve diferença significativa entre os testes de avaliação motora do MABC-2, o questionário DCDQ-BR e o MABC-2 Checklist respondido por responsáveis e professores, sendo estes (p=0,000) para todos os casos. Através dos dados obtidos neste estudo, pode-se concluir que a tradução do instrumento é válida, porém o diagnóstico realizado através do instrumento MABC-2 Checklist não apresentou exatidão ao tentar identificar crianças com problemas motores. Sugere-se que em estudos futuros seja considerado o desenvolvimento de tabelas de referência nacional e/ou regional para o instrumento; bem como tabelas de referência diferenciada para responsáveis, professores e demais grupos que venham responder o instrumento.
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Hamer, Anne, and n/a. "The Stanford-Binet Scales : a comparison of Form L/M and the Fourth Edition." University of Canberra. Education, 1990. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060714.122557.
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The Stanford-Binet: Fourth Edition represents a new dimension in intelligence testing
from the traditional Binet Scales. Based on a 3 level hierarchical model this represents a
significant departure from the age scale format of previous revisions. Several abbreviated
batteries are suggested. This study uses the "Quick Screening Battery" consisting of four
subtests (Vocabulary, Quantitative, Pattern Analysis, and Bead Memory). Results are
presented as Standard Age scores (SAS) for fifteen subtests in four Areas (Verbal Reasoning,
Quantitative Reasoning, Abstract/Visual Reasoning and Short-term Memory), and
the global 'g' Test Composite score. Thirty kindergarten children randomly assigned to
two groups took both the Stanford-Binet: Fourth Edition and the Stanford-Binet: Form
L/M in a counter balanced design. Nine hypotheses and one question are discussed. Statistical
calculations for data analysis were arrived at through SPSSX/PC V2.0 (Noursis
1988). Correlations between Form L/M IQ and the Test Composite (r = .72), Verbal
Reasoning (r = .71) and Abstract/Visual Reasoning (r = .41) reached significance at
0.05 or better. Other correlations showed similar trends as that found in the literature.
The study gives promise for the "Quick Screening Battery" as a tool for screening young
children.
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Azmi, Raheleh [Verfasser], and M. J. [Akademischer Betreuer] Hoffmann. "Oberflächenanalytische Ansätze zur zuverlässigen Charakterisierung von Lithium-Ionen-Batterie-Elektroden = Surface Analytical Approaches to Reliably Characterize Lithium-Ion Battery Electrodes / Raheleh Azmi ; Betreuer: M. J. Hoffmann." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1170230563/34.
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Diem, Achim M. [Verfasser], and Joachim [Akademischer Betreuer] Bill. "Structural design of advanced electrodes employing nanostructured V2O5 nanofibers for metal-ion battery application / Achim M. Diem ; Betreuer: Joachim Bill." Stuttgart : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Stuttgart, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1229438556/34.
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Müller, Marcus [Verfasser], Andreas [Akademischer Betreuer] Jossen, Andreas [Gutachter] Jossen, and Isabell M. [Gutachter] Welpe. "Stationary Lithium-Ion Battery Energy Storage Systems : A Multi-Purpose Technology / Marcus Müller ; Gutachter: Andreas Jossen, Isabell M. Welpe ; Betreuer: Andreas Jossen." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1160674264/34.
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Ogihara, Hideki [Verfasser], and M. J. [Akademischer Betreuer] Hoffmann. "Lithium Titanate Ceramic System as Electronic and Li-ion Mixed Conductors for Cathode Matrix in Lithium-Sulfur Battery / Hideki Ogihara. Betreuer: M. J. Hoffmann." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1025887476/34.
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Birkholz, Oleg [Verfasser], and M. [Akademischer Betreuer] Kamlah. "Modeling transport properties and electrochemical performance of hierarchically structured lithium-ion battery cathodes using resistor networks and mathematical half-cell models / Oleg Birkholz ; Betreuer: M. Kamlah." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2021. http://d-nb.info/123814814X/34.
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Oliveira, Wbiratan Cesar Macedo de. "Desenvolvimento de um m?todo para extra??o de lant?nio em lixiviados de baterias NiMH utilizando sistemas aquosos bif?sicos." UFVJM, 2016. http://acervo.ufvjm.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/1160.
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Previous issue date: 2016<br>Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES)<br>Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG)<br>Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq)<br>Neste trabalho foi estudado o comportamento de extra??o do lant?nio em sistemas aquosos bif?sicos (SAB) e foi desenvolvido um novo m?todo hidrometal?rgico ambientalmente seguro para a extra??o seletiva de La a partir de lixiviado de baterias NiMH. O comportamento de extra??o do La foi avaliado verificando a influ?ncia dos seguintes par?metros: presen?a e concentra??o de diversos agentes extratantes (Alaranjado de xilenol, 1-(2-piridilazo)-2-naftol, Ditizona, 8-hidroxiquinolina, e 1,10-fenantrolina); pH (3,00, 6,00 e 9,00); eletr?lito (Li2SO4, Na2SO4, MgSO4, Na2C4H4O6 e Na3C6H5O7 ) e pol?mero (L64 e PEO1500) formadores do sistema. A efici?ncia de recupera??o foi avaliada atrav?s da an?lise da porcentagem de extra??o (% E) e as melhores condi??es de extra??o do analito foram obtidas no SAB formado por PEO1500 + Li2SO4 + H2O, pH = 6,00; empregando o extratante 1,10-fenantrolina, atingindo um valor m?ximo de %E = 74,1 %. Na sequencia o m?todo foi aplicado a um lixiviado de bateria NiMH. Os terras raras foram precipitados mediante ajuste de pH (2,50) e posteriormente solubilizado em solu??o de H2SO4 0,1 M. Ap?s 3 etapas sucessivas de extra??o foram obtidos altos valores de fator de separa??o (S) entre o analito e os concomitantes met?licos (SLa,Co = 6.3 x 103, SLa,Ni= 2,55 x 104, SLa,Fe= 1,15 x 103 and SLa,Ce= 30,9). Al?m disso, foi realizado um ensaio de stripping no qual 88,5% de La, em uma ?nica etapa, foi redisponibilizado sob a forma i?nica na FI para uma poss?vel etapa posterior de eletrodeposi??o.<br>Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Qu?mica, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2016.<br>In this work was investigated the extraction behavior of lanthanum in the aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) and new environmentally safe hydrometallurgical method was developed for the selective extraction of La from NiMH battery leachate. The extraction behavior of La was evaluated verifying the influence of the following parameters on the metals extraction: presence and concentration of the several extractants 1-(2-piridil-azo)-2-naphtol, dithizone, 8-hydroxyquinoline, 1-10 phenanthroline and xylenol oragne; pH (3.00, 6.00 and 9.0); ATPS-forming electrolyte ((Li2SO4, Na2SO4, MgSO4, Na2C4H4O6 e Na3C6H5O7); ATPS-forming polymer (L64 or PEO1500). The recovery efficiency was evaluated through analyzing the extraction percentage (%E) and the best conditions for analyte extraction were achieved for the PEO1500 + Li2SO4 ATPS, pH = 6.00, using 1-10 phenanthroline as extractant agente (%E = 74,1 %). In the following section, the method was applied to a real NiMH battery leachate. The rare earths were precipitated by pH adjustment (2.50), which was solubilized in 0,1 M H2SO4 solution. After 3 steps of successive extractions it was possible to obtain high separation factor (S) values between the analyte and mettalic concomitant (SLa,Co = 6.3 x 103, SLa,Ni = 2,55 x 104, SLa,Fe = 1,15 x 103 and SLa,Ce = 30,9). Moreover, a stripping assay was carried out and after one single step, 88.5% of lanthanum was available to a possible electro winning step.
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Arlot-Corré, Stéphanie. "Étude et stabilisation des hydrures d'alliages substitués La(1-x)RxNi(5-y)My (R=Ce ou Nd, et M=Al ou Zr) par empoisement des surfaces." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE10086.
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Notre travail a porte sur le developpement et l'optimisation de traitements de surface originaux a base de monoxyde de carbone et de dioxyde de soufre en vue de la stabilisation des hydrures des materiaux substitues la#1##xr#xni#5##yal#y (r = ce ou nd). Dans cette optique, les caracteristiques structurales et microstructurales de ces composes ont ete etudiees rigoureusement, ainsi que leurs proprietes d'hydruration. Le traitement de surface a base de dioxyde de soufre s'est revele particulierement efficace pour la stabilisation des hydrures de lani#5 a l'air, en offrant la possibilite de limiter la cinetique de desorption a 0. 044 h/lani#5 par heure a 25c. L'effet de stabilisation est obtenu par le depot d'une fine couche de soufre, sulphates et sulphures de nickel en surface. L'utilisation des hydrures traites au so#2 pour l'hydrogenation de composes organiques s'est montree inutile, en raison de la suppression du pouvoir catalytique de l'hydrure par le traitement. Le developpement du traitement de surface au monoxyde de carbone a permis egalement de limiter la cinetique de desorption d'hydrogene a 0. 046 h/lani#5 par heure. Nous avons montre que la diminution de temperature de conservation de l'echantillon permet de ralentir davantage la cinetique de desorption. L'utilisation de poudre de faible granulometrie augmente egalement la stabilisation. D'autre part, ce traitement permet la stabilisation d'hydrures a haute pression d'equilibre, comme les hydrures des composes substitues la#1##xr#xni#5 (r = ce ou nd) et leur utilisation comme catalyseurs des reactions d'hydrogenation de composes organiques. Finalement, nous avons montre que l'utilisation du traitement de surface au co rendait possible l'observation de l'hydrure intermediaire lani#5h#3 obtenu par broyage mecanique. Les electrodes metal-hydrogene fabriquees a partir d'une telle poudre montre une tres bonne capacite de decharge electrochimique egale a 307 mah/g, mais une duree de vie relativement courte, due a une corrosion excessive des poudres.
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Felgenhauer, Markus [Verfasser], Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] [Gutachter] Hamacher, and Sally M. [Gutachter] Benson. "Battery and fuel cell electric vehicles in the context of the energy transition : Cross-sectoral assessment of electric vehicles in Germany and California. / Markus Felgenhauer ; Gutachter: Sally M. Benson, Thomas Hamacher ; Betreuer: Thomas Hamacher." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1124590978/34.
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Kittler, Klara [Verfasser], Peter M. [Akademischer Betreuer] Kappeler, Edmone [Gutachter] Roffael, and Eckhard W. [Gutachter] Heymann. "Roots of Primate Cognition. The Primate Cognition Test Battery applied to three species of lemurs (Varecia variegata, Lemur catta and Microcebus murinus). / Klara Kittler ; Gutachter: Edmone Roffael, Eckhard W. Heymann ; Betreuer: Peter M. Kappeler." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1159769001/34.
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OLIVERI, SERENA. "Imagery and perception in subjects with acquired brain damage." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/1058.
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Le immagini mentali sono un analogo della percezione? Studiando i pazienti con danni cerebrali, abbiamo visto che le menomazioni percettive sono spesso associate a limitazioni nella capacità di creare immagini (Farah 1988, 2000). Nella recente letteratura tuttavia sono riportati casi di doppia dissociazione, in cui funzioni percettive sono preservate e quelle immaginative danneggiate, o viceversa, funzioni percettive danneggiate ma intatta capacità immaginativa. Nel seguente studio l’obiettivo è indagare i rapporti tra la percezione e immaginazione in pazienti con danno cerebrale, in 5 diversi domini: forme, colori, volti, materiale ortografico e relazioni spaziali. Nel primo studio l'obiettivo era di esplorare le immagini mentali e la capacità di percezione visiva in pazienti con lesioni cerebrali attraverso una batteria di test sviluppata da Bachoud Levi, Bartolomeo, Chokron nel 2001 e adattata per il campione italiano da Antonietti, Oliveri, Incorpora et al. (2008). In un secondo studio abbiamo indagato le relazioni tra imagery e stile cognitivo visualizzatore/verbalizzatore, proponendo 2 questionari (VVQ e QSVV). Infine in un terzo studio, attraverso indagini strumentali (DTI, TAC, RMN) in un gruppo di pazienti con danno focale e deficit specifici di imagery, abbiamo individuato le correlazioni tra deficit nei diversi domini dell’imagery e della percezione con i danni corrispondenti a livello neurale.<br>Is imagery an analogous of perception? By studying patients with brain damage we saw that perceptual impairments are often associated to limitations in the ability to create images (Farah 1988, 2000). In recent literature we found cases of double dissociation, in which perceptual functions are preserved and those imaginative impaired or, vice versa, there are damaged perception functions but intact imaginative capacity.
We aim to investigate the relationships between perception and imagery in patients with brain damage, in 5 different domains: shapes, colour, faces, orthographic material and spatial relationships.
In the first study the aim was to explore mental imagery and visual perception skills in patients with brain injury through a battery of tests developed by Bachoud-Lèvi, Bartolomeo, Chokron in 2001, and readapted for the Italian sample by Antonietti, Oliveri, Incorpora et aal (2008). In a second study we investigated the relationships between imagery test performance and visualizer/verbalizer cognitive style, detected by proposing 2 questionnaires (VVQ and QSVV). Finally in a third study, through instrumental investigations (DTI, TAC, MRI) in a group of patient with focal damage and specific imagery deficit, we aimed to correlate imagery and perception deficits to corresponding impairment in neural correlates.
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Walters, Yolinda. "The effects of a perceptual-motor development program on children with Developmental Coordination Disorder." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/1302.
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Chappel, Eric. "Magnétisme de quelques oxydes bidimensionnels de la famille AMO2 (A=Li, Na ; M=Ni, Fe, Co)." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000GRE10081.
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Ce memoire de these presente une etude des proprietes magnetiques de quelques oxydes lamellaires de la famille amo 2 (a=li, na ; m=ni, fe, co) qui presentent par ailleurs des applications en tant que materiaux d'electrodes positives dans les batteries lithium-ion. Parmi ces composes, linio 2 avait deja fait l'objet de nombreuses etudes magnetiques mais la grande disparite des resultats obtenus n'avait permis de degager aucun consensus quant a la nature de son etat fondamental. Afin d'ameliorer les performances des batteries, les chimistes du solide ont considerablement ameliore les conditions de synthese et de caracterisations physico-chimiques au cours de ces dernieres annees. Il s'est revele que l'ecart a la stchiometrie des materiaux etudies avait des consequences dramatiques a la fois sur les proprietes magnetiques et electrochimiques. Dans un premier temps, les proprietes magnetiques du compose nanio 2 parfaitement lamellaire ont donc ete etudiees par rpe, diffraction neutronique et mesures d'aimantation a hauts champs et de susceptibilite en champs faibles. Nanio 2 est un af de type a qui presente un ordre orbital de type ferro pour t<210\c du a l'effet jahn-teller cooperatif des ions ni 3 + de spin s=1/2. Une etude detaillee des phases li 1 xni 1 + xo 2 en fonction de la concentration x nous a permis de montrer le role fondamental des ions ni excedentaires qui forment des clusters magnetiques. Nous proposons un modele original de frustration induite par les clusters pour x petit qui rend compte de toutes les donnees experimentales. Nous abordons finalement les effets de la substitution cationique du cobalt dans lifeo 2 et du fer dans linio 2. Nous montrons que le fer sur le site du lithium ne participe pas a la formation de clusters magnetiques. Dans tous les cas, la valeur et le signe des interactions ont ete estimes.
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Tarhouchi, Ilyas. "Etude des phases Li10MP2S12 (M=Sn, Si) comme électrolyte pour batteries tout-solide massives." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0220/document.
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En remplaçant l’électrolyte liquide par un solide, les batteries tout-solide massivessont souvent considérées comme une solution aux problèmes de sécurité desbatteries Li-ion actuelles. La récente découverte du matériau Li10GeP2S12 destructure dite LGPS présentant une conductivité ionique équivalente à celles desélectrolytes liquides a réactivé ce domaine de recherche.Dans cette optique, nous avons étudié les matériaux Li10MP2S12 (M=Sn, Si) destructure LGPS, au moyen de diverses caractérisations structurales (DRX,RMN du 31P, spectroscopie Mössbauer …), de propriétés de mobilité/conductionionique (RMN du 7Li, spectroscopie d’impédance) et de propriétés électrochimiques(voltammétrie cyclique, cyclage galvanostatique).Les échantillons commerciaux de Li10SnP2S12 contiennent des impuretés et uneincertitude subsiste sur la composition de la phase de structure LGPS. Lamodélisation des déplacements de RMN du 31P a notamment permis de mettre enévidence l’influence des lithium en site octaédrique adjacents. Les mesuresd’impédance suggèrent une réactivité avec le Li métallique et la voltammétrieconfirme que cette phase est très instable à bas potentiel, excluant son utilisation entant que simple électrolyte dans une batterie tout-solide. Nous proposons qu’il puisseêtre utilisé à la fois comme électrolyte et comme matériau de négative.L’étude préliminaire des matériaux au silicium souligne la difficulté d’obtention dematériau pur de structure LGPS, et conduit à la mise en cause du modèle structuraldit thio-LiSICON. Par ailleurs, elle montre là encore l’instabilité de ces matériauxface au lithium métal<br>By replacing the liquid electrolyte by a solid one, solid state batteries are oftenconsidered as a solution to safety issues in current Li-ion batteries. The recentdiscovery of Li10GeP2S12 with so-called LGPS structure, which exhibits an ionicconductivity equivalent to that of liquid electrolytes, has boosted related researchactivities.In this perspective, we studied the Li10MP2S12 (M=Sn, Si) materials with LGPSstructure, using various methods to characterize the structure (XRD, 31P NMR,Mössbauer spectroscopy …), the ionic mobility/conductivity (7Li NMR, Impedancespectroscopy), and the electrochemical properties (cycling voltammetry,galvanostatic cycling) of the material.Commercially available Li10SnP2S12 batches contain impurities and there remains anambiguity in the actual composition of the LGPS type phase. Modelling of the 31PNMR shifts reveals the effect of lithium in neighboring octahedral sites. Impedencemeasurements suggest reactivity with Li metal, and cyclic voltammetry confirms thatthe material is highly unstable at low potential, which excludes its use as a simpleelectrolyte in solid state batteries. We propose that it might be used both as anelectrolyte and as a negative electrode.The preliminary study on silicon based materials highlights difficulties in obtaining apure LGPS-type compound and questions the real nature of the so-calledthio-LiSICON structural model. Besides, it also shows the instability of thesematerials versus lithium metal
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Franca, Anaissia. "Electricity consumption and battery lifespan estimation for transit electric buses: drivetrain simulations and electrochemical modelling." Thesis, 2018. https://dspace.library.uvic.ca//handle/1828/9143.
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This thesis presents a battery electric bus energy consumption model (ECONS-M) coupled with an electrochemical battery capacity fade model (CFM). The underlying goals of the project were to develop analytical tools to support the integration of battery electric buses. ECONS-M projects the operating costs of electric bus and the potential emission reductions compared to diesel vehicles for a chosen transit route. CFM aims to predict the battery pack lifetime expected under the specific driving conditions of the route. A case study was run for a transit route in Victoria, BC chosen as a candidate to deploy a 2013 BYD electric bus. The novelty of this work mainly lays in its application to battery electric buses, as well as in the coupling of the ECONS-M and the electrochemical model to predict how long the batteries can last if the electric bus is deployed on a specific transit route everyday. An in-depot charging strategy is the only strategy examined in this thesis due to the charging rate limitations of the electrochemical model. The ECONS-M is currently being utilized in industry for the preparations of Phase I and II of the Pan-Canadian Electric Bus Demonstration & Integration Trial led by the Canadian Urban Transit Research and Innovation Consortium (CUTRIC). This project aims to deploy up to 20 battery electric buses for phase I and 60 electric buses for phase II across Canada to support the standardization of overhead fast chargers and in-depot chargers, which in a first in the world. At this time, the developed CFM can not support any final claims due to the lack of electrochemical data in the literature for the high capacity lithium-ion cells used in electric buses. This opens the door to more research in the ageing testing of batteries for heavy-duty applications.<br>Graduate
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Kan, Wang Hay. "Study of the morphology control and solid solution behaviour of Olivine LiMPO4 (M = Fe, Mn, and Co)." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/4313.
Full textAbstract:
Lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) is one of the most promising cathode materials for lithium
ion rechargeable batteries. It has a high theoretical specific capacity (170 mAh/g) and
operating potential (3.45 V vs. Li+/Li). Additionally, the material is extremely stable thermally
and electrochemically at ambient conditions, which is very suitable to be used in electric
vehicles. However, the electronic and ionic conductivities of the material are quite low, which
limits the power performance of the batteries. In the last decade, extensive work was reported
on various methods to improve the electronic conductivity extrinsically, for example carbon
coating, metallic additives and molecular wiring. Nevertheless, energy density of the cells will
be reduced because of non-electrochemically active nature of the additives. In principle,
electronic and ionic conductivities can be boosted intrinsically. One of the methods is to
increase the number of charge carriers in the material, for instance in two-phase
solid solution system LiαFePO4/Li1-βFePO4 or single solid solution phase LixFePO4. Since the
formation of solid solution has been reported to be size dependent, it is highly desired to know
how to synthesize LiFePO4 particles with different sizes. In this study, we have used
hydrothermal synthesis and polyol process to control the size of LiMPO4 (M: Fe, Mn, and Co)
particles. We will present how we prepare particles with different sizes. Moreover, the solid
solution properties of various sizes of LiMPO4 (M: Mn and Fe) were studied. The result will be
presented.
Part of the preliminary findings have been published in the peer-reviewed journals or
conference presentations: 1) Journal of Materials Chemistry [Ellis B.; Kan W. H.; Makahnouk
W. R. M.; Nazar L. F. J. Mater. Chem. 2007, 17 (30) 3248., 2) Journal of the American
iv
Chemical Society [Lee K. T.; Kan W. H.; Nazar L. F. J. Am. Chem. Soc. (submitted)], 3)
Material Research Society Meeting [Kan W. H.; Maunders C.; Badi S.; Ellis B.; Botton G.;
Nazar L. F. MRS Fall Meeting 2008 in Boston]
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Kunjuzwa, Nikiwe. "Synthesis of cation substituted LiMn2-xMxO4 (M=A1,Ni) cathode materials for a lithium ion battery: improving energy storage, capacity retention, and lithium transport." Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/23496.
Full textAbstract:
A thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree
Doctor of Philosophy
in the
Faculty of Science
Department of Chemistry
at the
University of the Witwatersrand
Republic of South Africa
May 2017<br>Spinel LiMn2O4 cathode materials continues attracting the attention of researchers globally due to its economic, environmental and electrochemical benefits it provides in the lithium ion battery field. Obviously, it also experiences drawbacks in terms of its poor cycle life due to severe capacity fading. In this study, the necessary effort to improve the capacity retention, the Li+ ion diffusion and increasing the energy density by increasing the voltage of the spinel LiMn2O4 cathode materials. We have used small amounts of aluminium and then with nickel, and succeeded in following an effective doping method which uses wet chemistry synthesis techniques namely solution combustion, and aqueous reduction methods. We further explored the utilization of the South African manganese precursor, electrolytic manganese dioxide (EMD from a South African supplier).
In chapter 3, we were able to enhance the capacity retention of LiMn2O4 by aluminium doping. We have synthesized LiAlxMn2-xO4 (x = 0, 0.125, 0.25, 0.375, and 0.5) cathode materials for Li ion batteries using metal nitrates and urea as precursors by a solution-combustion method. The first cycle discharge capacity of LiAl0.125Mn1.875O4 is comparable to that of the pristine LiMn2O4, just as the values of their lattice parameter are essentially the same. In addition, the LiAl0.375Mn1.625O4 sample exhibited a more stable discharge capacity than the other samples. The variation in lattice parameter as a result of Al doping correlated with the greatly enhanced cyclability of the discharge capacity of the LiMn2O4 spinel.
In chapter 4, we studied the electrochemical performance of LiNixMn2-xO4 (x=0, 0.1, 0.2) spinel cathode material synthesized by solution combustion method. The nickel substituted samples exhibited excellent capacity retention (> 99%) and the use of a low amount of Ni adopted to eliminate the Jahn-Teller effects of the LMO; and enhanced lithium ion transport
compared to the LMO. Based on the promising results achieved in this work we have decided to attempt to get similar results by employing the South African manganese resource, electrolytic manganese dioxide (EMD), rather than using manganese nitrate from Sigma Aldrich.
In chapter 5, we employed electrolytic manganese dioxide (EMD) as manganese precursor and a low temperature aqueous reduction synthesis technique to successfully prepare a low content nickel substituted spinel LiNixMn2-xO4 cathode for a lithium ion battery by using NiSO4·6H2O as nickel source. All nickel substituted samples LiNixMn2-xO4 (x = 0.05, 0.1, 0.2) exhibited superior capacity retention as compared to pristine LiMn2O4.
In chapter 6, we successfully synthesized nickel substituted spinel LiMn2-xNixO4 cathode materials for lithium ion battery by using Ni(NO3)2.6H2O as nickel source using electrolytic manganese dioxide (EMD). All nickel substituted samples LiMn2-xNixO4 (x = 0.05, 0.1, 0.2) exhibited superior capacity retention when compared to pristine LiMn2O4. The results confirmed that a Ni(NO3)2·6H2O nickel source performed electrochemically better than a NiSO4·6H2O nickel source.
In chapter 7, we examined the impedance and Li+ ion diffusion properties of as-synthesized nickel substituted LiNixMn2-xO4 cathodes from two kinds of nickel sources. The nickel nitrate source gives more suppressed impedance as compared with nickel sulfate.<br>MT 2017
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Ding, Chung-Wei, and 丁忠威. "The study in transport characteristics of binary LiTFSI-MCONH2(M=H, C2H5,) room temperature molten salt electrolytes and a trace ofadditive for influencing property of secondary lithium battery." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/64095992896676119695.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>雲林科技大學<br>化學工程與材料工程研究所<br>96<br>In this study, transport properties of the binary lithium bis(trifluoromethane
sulfone)imide (LiTFSI)-MCONH2(M=H, C2H5) room-temperature molten salt(RTMS)
systems for lithium battery were measured with adapted temperature and composition.The phase diagram has been determined by Differential Scanning Calorimeter(DSC)and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) . The influence of transport characteristics and structures of RTMS with carbon chain solvents were investigated. However, the analysisreveal that 20:80 mol% LiTFSI-formamide and 20:80 mol% LiTFSI-propionamide the binary electroltytes for lithium battery have the batter transport characteristics.
Small amounts of the binary LiTFSI-acetamide room temperature molten salt
electrolytes were added into commercial electrolyte (1M LiPF6 in EC/DEC (1:1 in vol.)The Li coin cell was designed as LiMn2O4 commercial electrolyte/RTMS︱Li and fabricated in a glove-box filled with argon. The cathodic lithium manganese oxide film with spinel structure was deposited by radio frequency magnetron sputtering. LiMn2O4 spinel films prepared at 50 mTorr and 750℃annealing temperature. From theresults of charge-discharge measurement it shows the addition of small amounts of 20:80 mol% LiTFSI-formamide RTMS has higher capacity (102.07mAh/g) and lower capacity lost(3.5％) .It explained as the 20:80 mol% LiTFSI-formamide RTMS has higher conductivity than the other RTMS (LiTFSI-propionamide).
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Knauf, Jana Konstanze. "Korrelation zwischen dem Auftreten frischer ischämischer Läsionen in diffusionsgewichteten Magnetresonanztomographie-Untersuchungen nach Stentangioplastie und Thrombendarteriektomie einer extrakraniellen Stenose der Arteria carotis interna und Veränderungen kognitiver Funktionen." Doctoral thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0006-B1F8-1.
Full text
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Ivanova, Elitza Vladimirova. "How do policy incentives influence the adoption of electric vehicles?" Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/18361.
Full textAbstract:
Battery electric vehicles (BEVs) are an effective way to reduce fossil fuel consumption
and greenhouse gas emissions. BEVs result in lower energy consumption, greenhouse gas
emissions, and urban air pollution compared to internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs).
Although the uptake of EVs has been significant in a short period of time, most government
goals for adoption have not been met and the number of BEVs on the road is still low. Therefore,
in order to reduce current greenhouse gas emissions from the transport sector, a vast number of
governments have implemented different policy incentives, aiming to stimulate the mass
adoption of electric vehicles. The policy makers have introduced two main types of policies –
purchase-based and use-based. This work seeks to determine the relationship of those policy
incentives to the market deployment of BEVs to mainstream consumers with demographics and
vehicle attribute preferences most common to today’s new vehicle purchasers. Moreover, this
research argues that policies intending to stimulate the uptake of BEVs should not focus on
mainstream consumers, but instead they should refocus on niche markets and early adopters,
targeting them differently. Regarding to that, this work also presents findings, that that there
are two main groups of early adopters – high-end and low-end adopters, which have different
socio-economic profile and different opinions of their vehicles with high-end adopters viewing
their BEVs more preferentially. BEV policies approaching early adopters and niche markets
differently would create complementary system that will lead to increased BEV market
penetration and realization of intended societal benefits.<br>Os veículos eléctricos a bateria são uma forma eficaz de reduzir o consumo de
combustível fóssil e a emissão de gases de efeito de estufa. Os VEB para além de terem como
resultado um consumo de energia e emissão de gases significativamente mais reduzidos, têm
um impacto menor na poluição atmosférica urbana, em comparação, aos veículos com motor
de combustão interna.
Embora a receptividade dos VE tenha aumentado significativamente num curto período
de tempo, a maioria dos objetivos governamentais e incentivos à adopção de VE ficaram aquém
e consequentemente, o número de VE na estrada é consideravelmente baixo.
Com o objectivo de reduzir a emissão de gases de efeitos de estufa provenientes do
sector dos Transportes, um vasto número de entidades governamentais implementou diversas
políticas de incentivos com a finalidade de estimular a adopção em massa de VE. Os decisores
políticos introduziram dois tipos de medidas: baseadas na compra ou na utilização.
Este trabalho de investigação visa determinar a relação destas políticas de incentivos
com o desenvolvimento do mercado de VE para consumidores mainstream, com características
demográficas e preferências de atributos mais comuns aos novos compradores de veículos.
Essencialmente, esta investigação tem como argumento que os focos deveriam ser mercados de
nicho e novos consumidores (early adopters), ao invés de consumidores mainstream.
Esta investigação apresenta, ainda, resultados como a distinção de dois grupos de early
adopters - high-end and low-end adopters – que têm diferentes perfis socioeconómicos e
diferentes preferências quanto à escolha dos veículos. As políticas dedicadas aos veículos
eléctricos a bateria dirigidas a mercados de nicho e early adopters iriam criar uma forma
complementar de impulsionar a penetração de mercado dos veículos eléctricos a bateria e a
concretização dos benefícios sociais pretendidos.