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CHINNAPANDIAN, ANAND, and MOHAMMAD BABAEI. "Innovation analysis of the adoption of BIM using Innovation theories." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-279731.
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When compared to other industries, the construction industry has been slow to adopt digital technologies. BIM stands for Building Information Modeling (hereon referred to as BIM) and it represents a turning point when it comes to digitalization in the AEC sector. Despite BIM’s proven potential to reduce costs and improve the efficiency of construction projects, widescale adoption, and implementation of construction projects using BIM hasn’t happened yet. This research aims to conduct an innovation analysis of adoption of BIM in Europe using innovation theories such as Rogers’s diffusion theory and Crossing the Chasm by Moore. We hope the reader will have an understanding of the various adoption barriers for BIM in Europe after reading this research paper.<br>Jämfört med andra branscher har byggbranschen varit långsam med att använda digital teknik. BIM står för Building Information Modeling (nedan kallad BIM) och representerar en vändpunkt när det gäller digitalisering inom AEC-sektorn. Trots BIM: s beprövade potential att minska kostnaderna och förbättra effektiviteten i byggprojekt, har vidsträckt antagande och genomförande av byggprojekt med BIM ännu inte hänt. Denna forskning syftar till att göra en innovationsanalys av antagandet av BIM i Europa med hjälp av innovationsteorier som Rogers diffusionsteori och Crossing the Chasm av Moore. Vi hoppas att läsaren kommer att ha en förståelse för de olika adoptionsbarriärerna för BIM i Europa efter att ha läst detta forskningsdokument.
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Sediqi, Mujtaba. "4D BIM ADOPTION : THE INCENTIVES FOR AND BARRIERS TO 4D BIM ADOPTION WITHIN SWEDISH CONSTRUCTION COMPANIES." Thesis, KTH, Fastigheter och byggande, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-231760.
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Sweden is perceived to be one of the Building Information Modeling (BIM) leaders in the world. However, studies have shown that 4D BIM, which is a combination of a 3D model and an associated time schedule, is not widely deployed in construction planning practices among contractors. In Sweden many studies focused on BIM adoption in general, but since contractors are the main users of 4D BIM, there is a lack of studies exploring this specific dimension of BIM. This study considers 4D BIM as an innovation; the aim is to find the incentives for and barriers to adopt 4D BIM within the Swedish construction industry. A literature review was conducted and the most common variables were derived; in addition to this, an online questionnaire and a series of interviews targeting Swedish construction companies were conducted. The findings were that 4D BIM is a new start within the Swedish construction industry, where a series of both technical (software, standards, complexity) and non-technical barrier (organizational, lack of client demand, unclear benefits, investment) has an impact on the adoption process. Large companies are the early adopters and use it to maintain their strategic position in the industry, whereas smaller contractors are prone to more barriers and mostly rely on clients´ demand.
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Unalan, Dilek. "Environmental policy adoption in the EU context : adoption of the EU SEA directive in Turkey." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2007. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/55664/.
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Although there are a growing number of studies in the environmental field of Europeanisation, more academic inquiry is needed to assess the success of environmental policy adoption, especially within certain accession countries where EU policy implications seem particularly challenging. This study aims to investigate the adoption of an EU environmental policy instrument, the EU Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) Directive, within one such accession country, Turkey. For this purpose, a theoretical framework based on Europeanisation and policy transfer is applied to Turkey's adoption of the EU SEA Directive and the consequences are assessed through empirical research. The EU SEA Directive places great emphasis on the governance modes such as transparent decision-making and public participation with domestic policy-makers in its concern and drive to promote sustainable development. Adoption of the SEA Directive implies new governance modes for Turkey's institutional settings, especially the country's political and administrative institutions. The research shows that the discourse of 'Europeanization' helped empower actors seeking to drive through the SEA Directive, until the accession process started to falter; and that there remain questions about whether SEA, on its own, proved able to influence Turkey's approach to democracy or governance in the environmental sphere.
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Olugboyega, Oluseye. "The nexus between building information modelling implementation strategies, adoption, and levels of construction supply chain integration in South Africa." Doctoral thesis, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33937.
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The adoption of Building Information Modelling (BIM) on construction projects is not widespread yet, because there is a growing albeit slow uptake. There is no strategically structured BIM adoption guide available on construction projects for ensuring integration and collaboration among the Building Information Modelling- Supply Chain Members (BIMSCM). Scholars adduce the lack of adoption of BIM on construction projects to the use of ineffective BIM implementation strategies. Therefore, this research investigated BIM adoption and the current dominant BIM implementation strategies used in the South African construction industry. It also examined whether BIM implementation strategies and BIM adoption on construction projects impact on the occurrence of integration and collaboration among the BIM-SCM in the South African construction industry. Using modified Implementation Process Theory, the research collected primary data using a mixed-methods research approach that involved the collection of both qualitative and quantitative data from 872 respondents randomly selected from the 1,871 BIM-based construction projects' direct participants who indicated their willingness and availability to participate in the research from the cidb databse of construction professionals in South Africa. The qualitative data collected with respect to barriers to BIM adoption and dominant BIM implementation strategies were analysed using thematic analysis. The quantitative data collected with respect to BIM adoption, barriers to BIM adoption, integration and collaboration, and BIM implementation strategies were analysed using Mean Item Score (MIS), Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM).The SEM method used was the Maximum Likelihood Estimation. Before modelling process, CFA was used to confirm the validity and reliability of the quantitative data using the Factor Loading, Eigenvalue, correlation coefficient, Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) value, Bartlett's test results, and Average Variance Explained (AVE). It emerged that the possibility of getting high-value clients, quest for a competitive edge, need for technological sophistication, need to be socially acceptable to the clients, incorporation of BIM adoption into the vision of the organisations, and development of BIM capabilities as new values in their organisations are the dominant BIM implementation strategies used in the South African construction industry. The findings also revealed that the dominant BIM implementation strategies are private driven and are not bringing about an adequate reduction in the BIM adoption barriers. Investigation of the evidence of the application of BIM tools and processes with respect to the adoption of BIM on construction projects showed that fewer building information models were developed for projects, BIM performance assessment was not intensive, emphasis was not placed on the level of objects' clarity of building information models, BIM skills and competencies were insufficient, and BIM management was dis-organised. The parameter estimates from the SEM analysis of the interactions between the BIM implementation stages indicated that the success of the BIM implementation process in South Africa depends on a positive interplay between the interacting implementation stages. The parameter estimates from the SEM analysis of the interaction between the BIM implementation stages also revealed that BIM implementation strategies control the impacts of a reduction in BIM adoption barriers on the extent of BIM adoption. However, the findings revealed that the BIM implementation strategies currently in use did not possess the required forces and intensity to strengthen the positive interplay between the interacting BIM implementation stages. The study concluded that the essential BIM implementation strategies are not in use in South Africa, while the BIM implementation strategies currently in use are not appropriately and effectively employed. However, there is evidence of elementary BIM adoption on projects and low occurrence of integration and collaboration among the BIM-SCM in South Africa. The lack of adequate skills and experience of BIM management and the inadequate understanding of what BIM adoption on projects entails mean that working policies and legislation on BIM adoption are required to drive a successful BIM implementation process. This research provides new insights on the structures and stages of the BIM implementation process and postulations that will aid the comprehension of the interconnections between BIM implementation strategies and BIM adoption on construction projects in South Africa. More importantly, this research has extended the existing theories on BIM adoption and the interactions between the levels of BIM adoption on construction projects and collaboration among the BIM-SCM.
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AGORAS, DIMITRIS. "Building Information Modeling (BIM) Adoption Barriers: An Architectural Perspective." Thesis, KTH, Industriell Marknadsföring och Entreprenörskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-230639.
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Building Information Modeling (BIM) is the latest development in the Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) Industry. This development can be used for planning, design, construction, operation and maintenance of any facility. The majority of the users of BIM technology are architects. Although its benefits had been highlighted and underlined especially in comparison with older developments such us Computer Aided Design (CAD) tools, its implementation is considered still in an early stage due to low adoption from architects. Right now in Sweden and more specifically in the Stockholm area, the construction sector is booming due to the increased demand for housing. Thus, there is an increased demand for more houses in a shorter time. BIM is a technology that can enhance the society in terms of design and construction with regard to the building environment. This can be achieved by avoiding human errors, decreasing project costs, increasing the productivity and quality, and reducing the project delivery time. Moreover, BIM can assist the management team in maintaining and operating different facilities. The focus of this research is on the barriers to adopting BIM technology in architectural companies. Furthermore, the attempt will be to investigate the individual, organizational and technical aspects that affect BIM adoption. This study will implement a qualitative research method by in-depth interviewing four professionals in the area of architectural design. This investigation will be driven by the main research question, which is: What are the barriers to adopting Building Information Modeling (BIM) in architectural companies?
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Lindblad, Hannes. "Study of the implementation process of BIM in construction projects." Thesis, KTH, Fastigheter och byggande, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-124138.
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The AEC-industry has been lagging behind other types of production industries in terms of productivity development for the last 40 years. The reason for this has been described as to be a combination of the collaborative needs in performing construction projects combined with the fragmented nature of the AEC-industry. Building information modelling (BIM) has been presented as a way of addressing these issues and thereby improving productivity in construction projects. The adoption of BIM has been slow and many barriers hindering widespread adoption of this technology have been revealed. There are however no single barrier that could be solved individually in order to enable more extensive BIM adoption. These barriers are hindering many different aspects of effective adoption of BIM. When compared to traditional 2D CAD systems, BIM is a more efficient way of handling information connected to the project or the building. Adoption of BIM enables changes in work processes that can streamline the performance in construction projects. Adoption of BIM is not only a change in technology; there is a need for substantial changes in work processes in order to make improvements to productivity. BIM is a tool to improve processes in order to reach certain goals, not a goal in own right. In this thesis I examine how BIM has been adopted in two different construction projects. The research aims to develop the understanding of the barriers hindering BIM adoption in order to make it more accessible for the AEC-industry.
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Seed, Lawrence. "The dynamics of BIM adoption : a mixed methods study of BIM as an innovation within the United Kingdom construction industry." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2015. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/26167/.
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Building Information Modelling is an approach that fully integrates people, systems, business structures and practices into a collaborative and highly automated process, applicable to the design, construction and operation of buildings. With the United Kingdom Construction Industry (UKCI), the UK Government, as the industry’s largest client, has mandated the use of BIM on all public sector projects by 2016. By considering BIM as an innovation, a total of 104 potential dynamics of BIM adoption were identified from literature along with potential variations by company type and size. Through the application of equal status mixed methods and robust stratified random sampling of 335 respondents, to match the profile of the UKCI, the key findings of the study are: Overall 62% of respondents have adopted BIM, with adoption highest among Consultants and Main Contractors, and lowest among Sub-Contractors, with a substantial increase in adoption following the Government Mandate. Although there is scope for the increased utilisation of BIM for those who have adopted it, 10% of respondents have no plans to adopt BIM. 23 significant dynamics of BIM adoption were identified, with 15 of these inhibiting adoption and 8 supporting adoption. For large companies the government mandate and advantages of BIM as a collaboration tool were the more significant supporting dynamics, while for smaller companies the cost of BIM was the more significant inhibiting dynamic. For Main Contractors, the robustness of existing practices and for Sub-Contactors the cost and complexity of BIM, along with company survival were the most significant inhibiting dynamics. The results suggest that under Rogers’s diffusion of innovation model, while relative advantage is an important supporting characteristic of BIM, compatibility with existing practices Is an equally important but inhibiting characteristic, while observability is not relevant.
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Bušfyová, Lucia. "International Trade of Slovakia: Influence of EU Membership and Euro Adoption." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-96355.
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The aim of this thesis is to provide a comprehensive survey on the recent development of Slovak international trade in particular due to the EU accession and euro adoption. Overall, there are mostly predictions for some positive impact on Slovak trade flows stemming from these actions, however their magnitudes differ greatly. This literature review provides an overview of the main articles relevant to this topic and lists their main conclusions.
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Gledson, Barry. "Innovation diffusion within the UK construction sector : a study of the adoption of 4D BIM." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2017. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/32529/.
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The construction industry suffers from a time predictability problem. To address this, previous research has investigated various improvement strategies, including the exploitation of innovations. An innovation is some ‘thing’, unfamiliar to an entity, which can facilitate product, process or systemic improvements. Innovation diffusion theory (IDT) is the body of work concerned with explaining how some innovations successfully ‘stick’, whilst others fail to propagate. These phenomena occur across society, but construction is particularly perceived to suffer from a low ‘innovation rate’. 4D BIM is an innovation with potential to provide construction planning improvements that can address the time predictability problem, but there are concerns around its prospective industry absorption. This research investigates the applicability of classic IDT to the adoption of 4D BIM by the UK construction industry. A mixed-method study was undertaken, informed by a pragmatist philosophy. It combines an initial exploratory stage that uses case study and questionnaire survey research, with a subsequent explanatory stage concurrently employing a second questionnaire survey with semi-structured interviews. Classified as a modular technical process-based innovation, use of 4D BIM is found to advance construction planning. It increases feedback opportunities, planning efforts, and the quality and validity of the plans produced, whilst also having potential for improving project time performance. It is established that 4D BIM usage is principally limited to work-winning, methods planning, and the visualisation of construction processes, alleviating problems of communication and understanding. The importance of existing diffusion concepts of compatibility and trialability, are reinforced, and several new contributions are made. These include: how organisations using BIM risk employing hybrid project information delivery processes, resulting in duplication of effort and inefficiency; how personal use of 4D BIM is linked to organisational characteristics; and what the usual time lag between first awareness and adoption is. Furthermore, an existing innovation-decision process model is built upon, with additional stages, decisionaction points and outcomes added. This new model can assist in the future adoption/rejection decisions of such modular technical process-based innovations.
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Antoh, Robert. "An Analysis of the Value Propositions for Integrated 4D BIM-GIS Adoption for Construction supply Chain Management : Assessing Digital Transformation in the Swedish AEC Industry." Thesis, KTH, Fastigheter och byggande, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-297902.
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Logistics and supply chain in the Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) industry can be seen as coordinated collaboration that is subject to managerial risks. The managerial risks are mitigated by Building Information Modelling (BIM) and Geo-Information Science (GIS), which are two distinctive digital transformative tools which are revolutionizing and accelerating the AEC industry in recent years. Many gains have been achieved concerning the capacity of BIM and GIS to enable collaborative workflows that minimize data loss and reduce inefficiencies in construction. In the past decade, most scholarly literature on BIM and GIS integration for supply chain management have focused on coordination and visualization to improve supply chain operational efficiency. While BIM optimizes visualization and manages the data related to specific projects, GIS coordinates and manages the data related to the outside environment of the project. An integrated BIM-GIS adoption for Construction Supply Chain Management (CSCM) offers value propositions for client and contracting organizations as information/data is seamlessly shared among them to guide decision making at every phase of the construction project. However, no detailed study has been conducted so far on assessments of the value creation 4D BIM-GIS brings to the AEC industry when espoused for CSCM. To fill this gap, this paper aims to identify and prioritize the value propositions to 4D BIM-GIS adoption for CSCM in the Swedish AEC industry. Based on the reflective perceptions and evaluations of the AEC industry, the paper demonstrated the varied opinions from current active users and those who are yet to adopt 4D BIM-GIS for CSCM. ‘Time savings, ‘Increased efficiency and productivity and ‘Improved communication and information sharing’ were ranked as topmost drivers for 4D BIM-GIS adoption. The paper recommends corporate level training as pivotal in familiarizing workers with the new techniques that combine BIM and GIS in AEC practice.<br>Logistik och försörjningskedjan inom arkitektur, teknik och konstruktion (ABE) kan ses som ett samordnat samarbete med överhängande ledningsrisker. Riskerna som hanteras kan mildras av Byggnadsinformationsmodellering (BIM) och Geografiskt informationssystem (GIS), som är två digitalt distinkta transformativa verktyg som revolutionerat och påskyndat ABE-sektorn de senaste åren. Många vinster har uppnåtts med avseende på kapaciteten av BIM och GIS, vilket har möjliggjort ett samarbetsflöde som minimerat dataförlust och minskat ineffektiviteten i byggandet. Under det senaste decenniet har den mest vetenskapliga litteraturen om BIM- och GIS-integration för ledning av försörjningskedjan fokuserat på samordning och visualisering för att förbättra effektiviteten i försörjningskedjan. BIM optimerar visualisering och hantering av data, relaterat till specifika projekt, medan GIS samordnar och hanterar data relaterat till projektets omgivning. En integrerad BIM-GIS-antagande för konstruktionsledningen av försörjningskedjan (CSCM) erbjuder värdeförslag för klient- och beställarorganisationer, eftersom information / data sömlöst delas mellan dem för att kunna guida beslutsfattandet i varje fas av byggprojektet. Emellertid har ingen detaljerad studie hittills genomförts om bedömningar av värdeskapandet som 4D BIM-GIS ger till ABE-sektorn när de används för CSCM. För att fylla denna kunskapslucka syftar denna studie till att identifiera och prioritera värdeförslag till 4D BIM-GIS-antagande för CSCM i den svenska ABE-sektorn. Baserat på de reflekterande uppfattningarna och utvärderingarna från ABE-sektorn, visar studien de olika åsikterna från de nuvarande aktiva användare och de som ännu inte har antagit 4D BIM-GIS för CSCM. ”Tidsbesparingar,” Ökad effektivitet och produktivitet” och ”Förbättrad kommunikation och informationsdelning” rankades som de främsta drivkrafterna för 4D BIM-GIS-antagande. Studien rekommenderar utbildning på företagsnivå som en central faktor för att bekanta sig med de nya teknikerna som kombinerar BIM och GIS i ABE-sektorn.
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Hall, Taylor Jane. "The Strength of Industry Specialization: Highlighted by the IFRS Adoption in the EU." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/297621.
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This study explores the impact that an audit industry specialist has on a firm’s audit quality after the implementation of a large change in financial reporting regulation. One of the main goals of IFRS was to increase the comparability of financial statements. I investigate whether IFRS increased the comparability of financial statements insomuch as it affected audit industry specialists’ ability to transfer knowledge between clients, thereby affecting the quality of their audits. Although my results are inconclusive, the explanation may be attributed to the increase in comparability being strong enough to benefit the non-industry specialist users but not being enough to increase already high quality audits of industry specialists.
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Mtya, Amanda. "Evaluation of building information modelling (BIM) adoption, capability and maturity within South African consulting and construction firms." Master's thesis, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/30916.
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The Construction Industry Indicators (CIIs) continue to reflect a steady growth in the level of client dissatisfaction with the performance of contractors and consultants on construction projects whilst firms in the industry battle for survival. In order to survive in the highly competitive construction market, firms within the industry, need a paradigm shift. To move from traditional project delivery methodologies which continue to yield unsatisfactory results to innovative project delivery methods and practices. With the advancements in computational technologies and processes, the industry needs to move towards integrated, collaborative and computable processes, to increase productivity, efficiency, infrastructure value, quality and sustainability, reduce lifecycle costs, lead times and duplications. Building Information Modelling (BIM) is the innovative project delivery method that helps reduce fragmentation and provides opportunities for enhanced collaboration and distributed project development. BIM is slowly gaining momentum in the South African construction industry. Even though there is an abundance of industry discussions and academic literature professing the ability of BIM methodologies to increase productivity, scholars have found that it has not yet been coupled with the availability of useful metrics, knowledge and tools to reliably measure BIM benefits. Few organisations and individuals have been exposed to some BIM tools whilst many still lack thorough understanding of BIM as a project delivery method. To capture the full benefit of BIM methodologies, firms in project networks must coordinate and develop interoperable business practices and procedures. This study assessed the level of BIM adoption, capability and maturity in consulting and construction firms and evaluated if there were differences in the level of adoption, capability and maturity of BIM between consulting and construction firms. The study also evaluated the relationship between level of BIM maturity and project performance of consulting and construction firms. The study found that there is a statistically significant relationship between the level of BIM capability and project performance. Lastly, the study reports on the current perceived benefits of BIM in the South African construction industry.
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Alhumayn, Saud Abdullah. "Developing a framework for BIM implementation in the Saudi Arabian construction industry." Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2436/621927.
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The construction industry in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) is faced with challenges of incessant delays, cost overruns and poor quality. The premise of the research reported here is that effective adoption and implementation of Building Information modelling (BIM) can contribute to the achievement of the necessary improvement. Against this backdrop, the aim of the research was to produce a strategic framework to underpin such adoption and implementation. It entailed investigation of the awareness of BIM, the extent of its use in KSA and the barriers to its more effective adoption and implementation. A mixed research approach was adopted, using a questionnaire survey and semi-structured interviews for collecting data. The questionnaire survey was used to obtain information on the awareness, barriers, drivers and status of BIM usage in the KSA construction industry, while the semi-structured interviews were designed to elicit the opinions of professionals and elucidate their own experiences in relation to the variables in this study. The data obtained were analysed using descriptive statistics, inferential statistics and thematic content analysis. The study found that the awareness of BIM in the Saudi construction industry is low and faced with inherent barriers that impede its successful application. These barriers were found to be a lack of knowledge of BIM, initial and running costs of implementation, a lack of training of personnel, and a fear of changing from the traditional methods of construction. The study identified strategies that could be used to address these challenges. These include enlightenment on the benefits of BIM application; creating awareness of BIM through workshops, seminars and conferences; training of workers; and the introduction of government intervention to enforce the application of BIM. In addition, this study identified the relevant factors that would enable the application of BIM in the Saudi construction industry to be meeting client's expectations and the requirement to use BIM technology, and using BIM because of the benefits it offers such as cost savings, efficiency, quality and increase in productivity. Regardless of these BIM drivers, however, the most important aim is to bring the stakeholders to commit themselves and invest in the necessary technology, tools and resources in order to improve construction processes. A strategic framework was developed to serve as a roadmap for BIM implementation. The framework also encompassed the key parties in the process and the specific roles to be played by them. The study concludes that the implementation of BIM could improve project performance in Saudi Arabia in terms of time, cost and quality.
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Lam, T. "A web-based Decision Support System (DSS) to assist SMEs to broker risks and rewards for BIM adoption." Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 2017. http://eprints.uwe.ac.uk/31978/.
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Building Information Modelling (BIM) usage in the UK’s construction industry has recorded a significant increase over the last few years. However, available evidence suggests that BIM adoption amongst larger construction firms and innovators seems be dominant, while the uptake of BIM by Small and Medium Sized enterprises (SMEs) remains relatively poor. Consequently, SMEs are currently lagging behind and are losing out in winning publicly funded projects. SMEs have not fully recognised the benefits of using BIM in project delivery. Guidance and frameworks to assist SMEs to make an informed decision about BIM adoption are currently lacking. It appears that SMEs are yet to be convinced that BIM is beneficial to them, and remain concerned about the potential risks to their business. Guidance and frameworks to assist SMEs in making an informed decision about BIM adoption are currently lacking. This study seeks to bridge this gap and provide a decision-support system (DSS) to assist in the analysis of the risks and rewards of adopting BIM by SMEs, in project delivery. As a result, a conceptual framework was developed to give a theoretical foundation to the study of brokering risks and rewards in the adoption of BIM for project delivery. This framework is comprehensive and includes trading off risks and rewards associated with several criteria, such as stage of involvement, project value, funding, and the procurement route chosen. The approach was validated by a representative sample of BIM users. The results of the validation of the framework provided an informed basis for the development of the DSS. The latter was validated by a sample of SMEs, according to several criteria such as ease of use of the Graphical user interface (GUI), quality of information, level of information presented, trading off risks and rewards of adoption of BIM in project delivery. The findings of the framework validation revealed that early design stage, project size between £5m and £50m, private funding, and integrated project delivery procurement are the best opportunities that enable SMEs to maximise the benefits and minimise the risks, when adopting BIM. Regarding the DSS validation, most participants reported that they had found the DSS easy to use, especially the GUI. They were also positive about the level and quality of information and knowledge provided by the DSS. In particular, they found the DSS informative to broker risks and rewards for BIM adoption.
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Chen, Junsong. "On consumer adoption of a new brand from the multi-branding firm." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.289730.
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Vaňkát, Jan. "Komparace přístupů členských zemí EU k přijetí eura." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-113753.
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The diploma thesis compares euro adoption strategies of Hungary, Poland and the Czech Republic. Theoretical part of the thesis assesses eurozone in terms of optimum currency area criteria, describes benefits and costs of eurozone membership and criteria of nominal and real convergence. Comparative part explores inter alia whether the compared countries have set euro adoption date, whether they fulfill the Maastricht criteria, what's the degree of their real convergence and what's their attitude to euro adoption in general and current European pacts.
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Langar, Sandeep. "The Role of Building Information Modeling (BIM) in the implementation of Rainwater Harvesting Technologies and Strategies (RwHTS)." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/51826.
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Sustainable innovations are observed as a major way by which the ill-effects of the built environment can be avoided or offset. The adoption of innovations are critical to the society, as they pave the way for further incremental or radical innovations, depending on the feedback from their users. In this process, the attributes of an innovation play an important role in its adoption. The objective of this study was to determine whether observability, one of many attributes of innovations identified in the literature as affecting their adoption, plays a critical role in the adoption of sustainable innovations, specifically Rainwater Harvesting Technologies and Strategies (RwHTS). Further, the study aimed to determine whether the use of Building Information Modeling (BIM) resulted in frequent adoption RwHTS. Last but not least, the study also sought to understand how designers used BIM to enhance the acceptance of RwHTS in capital projects. The stakeholders identified for this study were architectural firms that are geographically located in the southeastern states of the United States, and the study was conducted from their perspective. This study was segregated into two major phases. The first phase involved a survey of 2,200 designers/architects located in seven southeastern states, including Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Florida, Virginia, Maryland, and District of Columbia. The survey questions targeted experiences associated with the implementation of RwHTS and the use of BIM for designing and constructing facilities over the last decade by the architectural firms. Based on the responses received, six firms were purposively selected for Phase II, which involved a case study approach that included meeting with the designers, conducting interviews, understanding general firm policies for capital projects, identifying factors that result in the adoption of RwHTS, and developing a process-based profile undertaken by the firm to understand how key decisions were made. By the end of this phase the researcher identified the factors that result in the adoption of RwHTS. In addition, the researcher also found that observability did not emerge as an attribute that played a critical role in the adoption of RwHTS, in comparison to the other attributes. The study also found that the current use of BIM did not result in the frequent adoption of RwHTS. Finally, the study was able to produce a generalized process map that depicted the steps undertaken during the design process for the adoption of RwHTS in capital projects. This study encompassed the basic principles of sustainability in the built environment, adoption of innovation, and Building Information Modeling use within the design industry.<br>Ph. D.
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Zhitina, Anna. "The economic benefits of EU membership: an Empirical analysis." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-262236.
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This master thesis is devoted to the empirical analysis of the economic benefits of EU membership. The analysis aims to investigate what is the impact of EU membership on growth of the real GDP (in constant prices), unemployment rate and inflation rate for 16 states entering EU after the year 1995 (analysed period of years is 1991-2014). The applied method for evaluation in the current work is econometric analysis of panel data. The first part of the thesis is devoted to the literature review. The second part is describing data and variables that will be used for analysis, development of these variables over the time and stationary testing. The third part is dedicated to the regression analysis and includes models for GDP growth, unemployment growth and inflation. The last part of this master thesis will sum up the results and findings of previous parts. The main source for the data used in this work is the statistical database of World Bank (2016).
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Shahadan, Faridah Binti. "The determinants of technological innovation adoption among Bumiputera small scale food processing industries in Malaysia." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1996. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/5981/.
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Bumiputera Small scale Food Processing Industry (FPI) need to modernise and adopt technological innovation to stay competitive. This will increase their efficiency, improve productivity and allow for the introduction of new products and services to satisfy existing market demand or expanding market share. By adopting new technology, Bumiputera small scale FPI will not only decrease cost and increase productivity, but they will also be enabled to increase their share in the domestic market and even export their products. The development of FPI is to ensure that Malaysia can produce adequate food and help to provide much needed employment and contribute to national income. Being small scale there are various factors that inhibit or influence Bumiputera small scale FPI ability to adopt a technological innovation. Hence, the main aim of this study is to identify the determinants of technological innovativeness among small-scale Bumiputera entrepreneurs in the food processing industry in Malaysia. The pertinent questions are: Why do some Bumiputera small scale FPI adopt technological innovation while others do not do the Bumiputera small scale FPI have the capabilities to introduce new technology; how does institutional support shape SSIs' response to technology adoption? The theoretical model developed in this study used five main theoretical approaches - adoption decision process, organisational buying behaviour, decision theory of firms, small firms decision process and the personality of entrepreneurs From this model the key factors influencing technology innovation decisions among Bumiputera small scale food processing firms were identified. Based on this model, we can show and quantify the inter-relationship between the various factors influencing technology adoption decisions. The researcher used a survey method to collect information from 197 Bumiputera entrepreneurs in small scale FPI. In the statistical analysis, as a way of solving the problem of multicollinearity among hypothesised factors, based on firms' size, the researcher stratified the respondents into two groups - tiny and small firms. Findings of this study showed that Bumiputera small scale FPI has a greater tendency to adopt an incremental type of innovation. The entrepreneurs' characteristics, communication, their perception of the buying situation, the objective characteristic of the innovation, institutional involvement and their firms' characteristics significantly influenced entrepreneurs in small and tiny firms to innovate. The entrepreneurs' perception of the innovation only influenced the decision to innovate of the entrepreneurs in tiny firms. In tiny and small firms, among the entrepreneurs' characteristics that influence the innovativeness are their personal demographics, personality traits and skill upgrading. Firms' performance and their financing problem are the characteristics of their firms that had significant influence on firms' innovativeness. Firms' age only has significant influence on tiny firms, while firms' size and structure have significant influence on small firms' decision to innovate.
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Laing, Angus Wallace. "Marketing in NHS trusts : adoption and adaptation of marketing concepts in a public sector setting." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1997. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU099566.
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The concept of marketing has typically been perceived as an overtly commercial concept by both nature and origin amongst public sector professionals. Consequently marketing has conventionally been viewed as at best irrelevant and at worst antipathetic to the delivery of public services. The widespread adoption of market based approaches to the organisation of public services in Western economies, together with the emergence of active public sector consumerism has, however, forced a fundamental reconsideration of the potential role of marketing in the delivery of public services. Focusing on the experience of self-governing hospital Trusts operating within the NHS internal market in Scotland, this thesis critically examines the process of adoption and adaptation of marketing concepts within such organisations. Utilising a combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches across a sample of acute NHS Trust in Scotland it provides a structured assessment of the issues impinging on the potential transfer of marketing concepts into a complex public sector organisation. The specific issues addressed in the research include; the utilisation of marketing techniques and concepts in such organisations, the extent to which marketing concepts have become structurally embedded in the organisation, the key organisational influences on the process of adoption, and whether current marketing paradigms offer a contextually relevant conceptualisation of marketing. The market within the NHS is ultimately characterised by the existence of a complex network of inter-locking relationships between the organisations within that market. Reflecting this market structure, there is a uniform rejection of traditional transactional conceptualisations of marketing by NHS professionals. The effective adoption of marketing concepts in such a public sector setting arguably requires less of a fundamental adaptation of marketing concepts than a substitution of a relational conceptualisation of marketing in place of the prevailing transactional models of marketing.
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Špániková, Eva. "Regionální a strukturální politika EU a její realizace v Irsku." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2006. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-14778.
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The goal of this diploma thesis is to assess the suitability and readiness of the Slovak Republic to adopt a single European currency. In analyzing the costs and benefits relating to Slovakia?s accession to the EMU, this thesis is guided by the theory of the OCA. The thesis provides a survey of the OCA theory, attempts to measure some of the OCA indicators and calculate OCA index for Slovakia. The results suggest that Slovakia fulfils the necessary condition for joining the monetary union, i.e. it is relatively well aligned with the euro area. The diploma thesis concludes that Slovakia is relatively suitable and well-prepared to join the euro area in 2009.
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Robakov, Jevgeni. "Societas Europaea : Analysis of adoption and practical functioning." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Commercial Law, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-1072.
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<p>Due to constant expansion of the European Community, the harmonization in the fields of European company law and development of internal European market have emerged into considerably bigger and more complex issues. Aspects of corporate mobility, having a direct simultaneous connection to the right of freedom of establishment, have been one of the most problematic spheres for reaching international consensus. Despite numerous directives adopted by Member States (MS) European undertakings continue to be regulated by national legislations. The idea of a common European limited liability company, sc. Societas Europaea (SE), was put into process of realization in order to facilitate the internal trade and to help multinational companies to obtain legal certainty and trans-European character by rising above the variety of national legislations. Furthermore, the SE was to make cross-border enterprise management more flexible and less bureaucratic and to help improving the general competitiveness of Community enterprises.</p><p>The process of formation of the European Company Statue took over forty years and the result of the final adoption turned out to be something completely different from the es-sential idea of the European Company. Due to the historical, socio-political and legal dif-ferences MSs had difficulties with compromising on the majority of aspects and instead of one common SE form, the Community had basically adopted 28 different alternatives, loosing the original valuable supranational character. The strongest advantage of the SE are the rights conferred to it by the Regulation. The frequent use of renvoi technique undermines this aspect of SE’s precedence over national legislation. The true potential of the European Company remains thus highly theoretical and the current shape of the SE presents only a weak alternative to the national corporate forms of the MSs.</p><p>A European Company cannot be freely incorporated solely by investment of private capi-tal. There is a need for existence of at least two legal enterprises which furthermore must fall under the scope of different national legislations. In other words in order to create an SE, the definite cross-border element between companies at hand must be visible or can be identified. It can be formed by means of merger, creation of a holding, incorporation of a subsidiary or conversion. The subscribed capital for the SE shall at its minimum equal €120 000. The Council Regulation on SE provides a flexible management regime, permit-ting companies to choose between two administration systems (one-tier/two-tier) that exist in the Community. The issues of employee involvement are regulated in separate directive that is a supplement to the Regulation.</p><p>Despite the recent developments of freedom of establishment through the case-law, the matter remains utterly complicated. The SE may seem on one hand as a logical solution, being able to incorporate in different MSs, to merge or to form a holding without burden-some processes of winding-up and re-incorporation. On the other hand the Regulation re-stricts the mobility of the SE by provisions prohibiting location of registered and head of-fice of the company in different MSs, depriving it thus from one of the basic Community freedoms. Prudent attitude to mobility and aspiration to protect national interests have partly diminished essential advantages of the SE. It appears to be impossible to conduct business in one MS while being registered in another. Possible amendments are awaited shortly, but so far the SE has definitely not achieved many of practical goals considering mobility and has fulfilled very few of its important theoretical expectations.</p><p>National perspective on the adoption of the SE seems to be relatively positive, accepting the theoretical advantages of corporate mobility, options of structure and management and possibility to obtain an essentially European trademark. However, there is also an amount of skepticism addressed to deficient practical functioning due to the lack of uniform legislation. European organizations and companies tend to have a slightly more cautious and restrained approach. The idea of a European Company is praised more for its genuinely European character. Representatives for established SEs prefer to talk about internationalization of trade, European recognition, enhanced competitiveness and market integration, while very little speaks about the true practical potential. The SE is furthermore often observed as a useful but still mainly theoretical legal instrument, playing an indispensable part in the overall development of European company law.</p><p>Political motives seem to be considerably heavier while discussing the question of necessity of adoption that later attracted so little interest. Additionally, the basic idea of the SE also seems to include definite measures for general European unification, granting SE the symbolic value of commonly European enterprise. Consequently, failing in purely practical application in the absence of a clear need for common limited liability company, the SE has its theoretical and crucially important socio-psychological purposes.</p>
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Ulrici, Mark. "Bioenergy adoption barriers across 7 EU countries : A comparison of Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Sweden, and the United Kingdom." Thesis, KTH, Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-254803.
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Europe is trying to switch away from fossil fuels towards renewable energy. Bioenergy is well positioned to play a large role in this. However, bioenergy as a share of total energy used differs substantially between European countries. What causes these differences and what the barriers are to bioenergy implementation is researched in this thesis for seven EU countries: Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Sweden, and the UK. The systemic barriers to bioenergy implementation are categorised in the five categories, infrastructure, market problems, interactions, institutions, and capabilities. A literature review gives the first insight into the barriers, which is then followed by ananalysis of current policy in the seven countries. Afterwards, industry specialists are interviewed from five of the seven countries. The interviews mainly took place by email. However, one was over the phone. A semi-structured approach was used in the interviews. Lastly, voting behaviour of MEPs and the influence of the oil industry are analysed. This was done by using the Forbes most valuable companies list and ranking the biggest European oil and gas companies. These were then compared to the voting behaviour by members of the EU parliament of the countries where the companies are domiciled. The results show no systemic barriers for Denmark and Sweden. In every country a different set of problems was in the way of bioenergy. Negative public opinion may start playing an increasing role in the implementation of bioenergy in western European countries, such as the Netherlands and Germany. Currently, the UK and Belgium have policy barriers to bioenergy implementation, while France’s bioenergy sector struggles with infrastructure, market and capability problems. Germany also suffers from market problems. The oil industry does not seem to influence the behaviour of politicians significantly concerning bioenergy. Politicians from countries with large oil industry did not vote morenegatively on bioenergy directives in the EU parliament than those from countries without a large oil industry. Moreover, the public opinion towards bioenergy can have large effects on the implementation, as was observed in the Netherlands. Where this negative public opinion on bioenergy comes from is not clear. No final conclusion can be drawn on what causes the difference in bioenergy adoption in the seven countries. More research is needed into what influences the public opinion in these countries concerning bioenergy.<br>Europa försöker göra en omställning från fossila bränslen till förnybar energi. Bioenergi är väl positionerat för att spela en viktig roll i detta. Bioenergi är en mindre intermittent energikälla än vind och solenergi och kan därmed komplettera dessa. Bioenergi som andel av den totala energianvändningen skiljer sig emellertid väsentligt mellan europeiska länder. Vad som orsakar dessa skillnader och vilka hinder som finns för implementering av bioenergi undersöks i denna rapport för sju EU-länder: Belgien, Danmark, Frankrike, Tyskland, Nederländerna, Sverige och Storbritannien. Hindren på systemnivå för implementering av bioenergi kategoriseras i de fem kategorierna, infrastruktur, marknadsproblem, interaktioner, institutioner och kapacitet. En litteraturöversikt ger den första insikten om hinder, som sedan följs av en utläggning gällande den nuvarande lagstiftningen i de sju länderna. Efter det intervjuas branschspecialister från fem av de sju länderna. Slutligen analyseras röstbeteende i Europaparlamentet och oljeindustrins inflytande. Resultaten visar att oljebranschen inte verkar påverka politikernas beteende i betydande utsträckning beträffande bioenergi. Politiker från länder med stor oljeindustri röstade inte mer negativt gällande bioenergidirektiv i EU-parlamentet än de från länder utan stor oljebransch. Däremot kan den allmänna opinionen mot bioenergi få stora effekter på genomförandet, vilket observerades i Nederländerna. Ingen slutsats kan dras gällande varför utbredningen av bioenergi skiljer sig åt mellan de sju länderna. I varje land fanns det en rad olika hinder i vägen för implementering av bioenergi. Sverige och Danmark har inga systemproblem för implementering av bioenergi. Om den allmänna opinionen är negativt inställd till bioenergi kan det börja spela en större roll för utbredningen av bioenergi i västeuropeiska länder, som Nederländerna och Tyskland.
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Mojsiejuk, Aleksander. "The Normative Power of the EU in the Framework of the European Neighbourhood Policy : A Case Study on Ukraine." Thesis, Linköping University, Linköping University, Linköping University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-19323.
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<p>Through the use of political conditionality, the EU has exercised what many have chosen to call an international normative power. The fast democratisation process of the central European countries that joined the EU in 2004 has often been attributed to the force of EU’s normative power. Here, the core of the political conditionality was found in a promised future membership – acting as a reward in exchange for democratic reforms. The new European Neighbourhood Policy however, initiated briefly after the 2004 enlargement, gave rise to new prerequisites to the Unions new neighbours and this time enlargement fatigue prevailed in the EU policy. This case study examines and assesses the ability of the EU to exercise its normative power on Ukraine through the new conditions set up by the European Neighbourhood Policy, were a membership perspective neither is promised nor ruled out. The result show that the effective conditions for the conditionality are favourable and that a good progress on the areas of democracy, rule of law and human rights has been achieved. Although difficult to prove, I argue that this progress most probably is partly due to EU’s normative power on Ukraine.</p>
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Gautam, Rekha. "Mandatory Adoption of IFRS: It´s Effect on Accounting Quality, Information Environment and Cost of Equity Capital – The Case of Swedish Banks." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för ekonomi, kommunikation och IT, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-7639.
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IFRS standards are getting acceptance day by day rapidly in all over the world. It is because IFRSs are the global and common language, which are more transparent and comparable for the investors and users residing in different nations. IFRSs are mandatory for all companies listed in capital market within EU from the beginning of 2005. As a member state of EU, Swedish banks also adopted mandatory IFRS from 1 January 2005. However, the banks were already implementing IFRS to some extent as most of the standards in SGAAP (Swedish Generally Accepted Accounting Principles) were already directly translated from IAS. After mandatory period, the banks adopted all new, updated and revised standards in accordance with EU recommendations. Nevertheless, there are little or no material effects of adoption of IFRS standards except some particular standards. Such particular standards are: IFRS3, IAS39, IAS27, EU Occupational Pension Directive, IAS32, and Deferred Acquisition Cost. And the main differences between IFRS and SGAAP are IAS1, IFRS3, financial assets, financial instruments, intangible assets, hedge accounting and tax driven. But, the Swedish GAAP no longer exists now for the companies listed in capital market as mandatory IFRS is into force. Furthermore, I examined transparency & accounting quality, information environment, and cost of equity capital of four sample banks after mandatory IFRS adoption. But, I find the level of transparency and financial reporting quality has not been increased over the years. Regarding accounting quality, I also examined earning management, loss recognition, and value relevance. I find little evidence of less earning management, and find unclear evidence regarding loss recognition and value relevance. In other word, I find little evidence of increased accounting quality, although Sweden is a country with strong regulatory enforcements. Moreover, I also find little evidence of improved information environment but find information cost increased; although I find lower information risks after mandatory IFRS adoption. I, however, find lower cost of equity capital after mandatory IFRS adoption because for banks it will be easy to reach wider investors communities residing in different nations. Nevertheless, the evident advantage of IFRS is that the capital market can use information based on common rules.
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Zanzi, Ferrando Diana. "Surrogatmodern och den mänskliga värdigheten : En diskursanalys av den statliga utredningen om surrogatmoderskap, ur ett kritiskt postkolonialt feministiskt perspektiv." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-390148.
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Uppsatsen undersöker hur ”SOU 2016:11 Olika vägar till föräldraskap” formulerar problemet med surrogatmoderskap, vilka subjektspositioner som kan urskiljas i utredningen och analyserar den ut ett kritiskt postkolonialt feministiskt perspektiv. Utredningen utgår ifrån mänsklig värdighet, autonomi och barnets bästa vilket uppsatsen belyser får konsekvenser för hur problemet med surrogatarrangemang porträtteras olika beroende på om surrogatmodern och barnet är från det globala syd eller det globala nord. Utgångspunkterna är centrala när surrogatmodern och barnet från det globala nord lyfts men får inte samma roll gällande surrogatmodern och det barn hon föder. Vidare undersöks hur subjektspositioner formuleras utifrån emotionell/icke-emotionell, sårbar/icke-sårbar, skyddsvärd/icke-skyddsvärd och blottlägger hur den svenska surrogatmodern och det inrikesfödda barnet konstrueras som emotionella, sårbara och skyddsvärda vilket skiljer sig från hur den utländska surrogatmodern och det utrikesfödda barnet konstrueras. Dessa omges att tystnad vilket får konsekvenser för hur de porträtteras och för vilka åtgärder som föreslås. Uppsatsen bidrar till en utveckling av tidigare forskning med ett tillägg av nyckelordet skyddsvärd för att undersöka konstrueringen av surrogatmödrar. Uppsatsen visar att begreppet är relevant genom att materialet visat på delvis konstuering av emotionell och sårbar men inte skyddsvärd och att detta påverkat resultat och åtgärder. Vidare stärker uppsatsen tidigare forskning som menar att utgångspunkten mänsklig värdighet verkar för en avhumanisering av surrogatmödrar från det globala syd samt att synen på biologi varierar beroende på var ett barn föds. Uppsatsen bygger vidare på tidigare forskning som menar att uttryckt rationalitet och brist på emotion resulterar i en avhumanisering, genom att blottlägga hur det kan räcka med att subjektspositionerna möts av tysthet för att uppnå samma resultat. Detta arbete belyser hur olika subjektspositioner framställs olika i den statliga utredningen och hur koloniala idéer hänger kvar och påverkar underlag till svensk lagstiftning, samt blottlägger vilka konkreta konsekvenser detta kan få för lagförslag och för surrogatmödrar i det globala syd samt de barn de föder.
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Liu, De-Guang, and 劉得廣. "Adoption of the Internationl BIM Guide for Taiwan’s Construction Industry — A Case Study of Singapore BIM Guide." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7ftn43.
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碩士<br>中華大學<br>營建管理學系碩士班<br>103<br>Building information modeling is the object-oriented parametric modeling tools and processes that can help improve the efficiency of construction industry. As there has been not yet BIM execution standards available in Taiwan, it is difficult for the participants of the BIM project to clearly define the BIM deliverables and the associated acceptance criteria of BIM works. The absence of BIM execution standards has caused problem in practical application of BIM, e.g., the deliverables submitted by the contractor cannot be inspected and accepted by the client with explicit criteria resulting in the obstacles for BIM implementation. In order to tackle the above-mentioned problem, the present research reviews several BIM guides developed by other countries to identify the appropriate one for drafting the BIM Guide of Taiwan. Finally, the Singapore BIM Guide was selected as the benchmark for Taiwan due to the similarity of culture and the information infrastructure in the construction industry between the two countries. The current issues about BIM project execution in Taiwan were identified through literature review and interview with the domain experts. Amendments on the Singapore BIM Guide are suggested to adapt with the local construction industry and the government regulations. Finally, a modified BIM Guide is generated to provide local project owners, designers, and contractors with the required BIM execution standards so that the project participants are well guided in performing their works in the BIM project. Hopefully such a BIM guide will improve the problems encountered by the BIM project participants due to the lack of BIM guide.
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Mom, Mony, and 陳莫尼. "An Empirical Approach for Development of BIM Adoption Model for AEC Firms." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/17222561059913643342.
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博士<br>國立臺灣大學<br>土木工程學研究所<br>101<br>While many existing studies on Building Information Modeling (BIM) have focused on technological interoperability, only a few have been dedicated to studying the impacts of adopting BIM technology on business interoperability. There is no clear approach on how to adopt BIM technology at a corporate level. This studyaims to explore and develop a model forassessing the adoption of BIM technology by architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) firms at an organizational level.
Successful adoption of new technologies in a firm requires the management to perceive their benefits and the users at that firm to accept them. Although the technology acceptance model (TAM) and the electronic data interchange (EDI) model have been widely employed in the field of information and communication technology (ICT) to assess the adoption of ICT, they havebeen rarely applied in the field of construction, in which BIM technology is an ICT-related technology. In this study, the TAM and EDI model are adopted as foundations for a BIM adoption model.
With each firm possessing its own unique business characteristics, the study necessarily exploresBIM adoption with a broad view within the AEC industry. An empirical approach is proposed for developing a BIM adoption model,via a questionnaire survey. The approach possesses three main steps: objectives (the identification of influencing factors and the establishment of a conceptual framework), the development of Critical Success Factors (CSF) (for data collection and analysis), and the development of a model (the establishment of a hypothesized framework and model development). The model developed in this research comprises eight performance criteria under the ‘BIM organization’ and ‘BIM unit’ components, and two performance outcomes under the ‘BIM value’ component. The BIM organization component represents organizational factors: organizational strategies, leadership, readiness, and capabilities and resources. The BIM unit represents project factors: BIM application, tools, processes, and business model. The BIM value represents the value chain generated from BIM technology deployed in a construction business. It consists of two CSFs: competitive advantage and perceived risks. The application of the model is to assist AEC firms in assessing where their strengths and weaknesses lie with regards to their performance in BIM adoption, which is represented by a map of path coefficients.
Some 123 influencing factors were compiled from a literature review and domain experts, each concerning issues in BIM adoption (both benefits and barriers). These factors were categorized into three types: decision-making, technology-implementing, and a combination of both used to establish the conceptual framework of BIM adoption in order to facilitate the data survey. Four statistical techniques were employed to derive CSFs: ranking analysis, factor analysis, correlation analysis, and reliability tests analysis. After conducting and analyzing a data survey of Taiwan’s AEC industry, 58 CSFs were found to underlie the BIM adoption model. Of that two CSFs found to be the most import: ‘support from top management’ and ‘functionality’ of BIM tools.Multiple regression analysis was employed to test the hypotheses of the BIM adoption model. Resultsshow that BIM technology enables firms to gain a ‘competitive advantage’ through ‘organizational strategies’, while they resist it due to ‘risks associated with the BIM process’.‘Organizational readiness’ articulates the ‘strategies’ and ‘BIM process’, and drives the ‘BIM tool’. The ‘strategies’ drive ‘organizational leadership’, ‘organizational capabilities and resources’, and the ‘BIM business model’. The ‘BIM process’ drives ‘BIM application’ and reduces ‘BIM-based project risks’. Based on the model developed, the study also discussed a holistic BIM performance assessment framework (BIMPA) as an integral model for attempting further research and development.
In summary, for successful BIM adoption, AEC firms (in Taiwan) should focus on the ‘BIM process’, ‘organizational readiness’, and ‘organizational strategies’. Two CSFs play crucial rolesin the adoption of BIM: ‘support from top management’ and the ‘functionality’ of BIM tools. Although this study was limited by a small number of participants from the architecture sector, the findings provide insight into a successful BIM adoption process and are likely to reflect the current emerging state of BIM adoption by the AEC sector in Taiwan.They are also a foundation for further research and development of the integral model.
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Ko, Hung-Wen, and 柯弘玟. "A Survey on the Adoption of BIM and RFID Technologies in Firefighting and Disaster Rescues." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/19423263838747908394.
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碩士<br>中華大學<br>營建管理學系碩士班<br>103<br>Building fire disasters has been the most important contributor among all fire types, which contributes more than 70% of all fire disasters occurred in Taiwan. However, the current practice of building firefighting still relies on traditional 2-dimensional as-built drawings for planning of on-site layout and deployment of rescue resources. It is difficult to just identify the critical locations for firefighting and life rescue from the heavy-hard-copy drawings, don’t mention the complex network of rescue routes between the adjacent floors. The communication of correct information within the limited time becomes extreme difficult since only very few people can refer to the drawings at a time. As a result, the firefighting actions can be delayed and the lives may be lost. Such a long-lasting problem in firefighting can be essentially improved as the emergence of Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technologies. The present research surveys front-line firefighters to discover their attitudes toward the adoption of BIM and RFID technologies for improving fire rescue efficiency. 449 responses were received from a questionnaire to 500 selected surveyed firefighters. The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) is adopted as a tool to analyze the survey results. It is found from the results that 40% time can be saved if BIM is utilized in firefighting compared with the prevailing fire rescue practice, and 30% of time can be reduced compared the most ideal approach (as-built drawings provided) currently available. Moreover, 87.0% of responses tend to agree or not oppose “The adoption of RFID for controlling the entrance of firefighters in a fire” and 98.54% of responses tend to agree the adoption of BIM for firefighting and disaster rescues. It is thus concluded that the BIM and RFID technologies do not only quote significant potentials to improve firefighting efficiency, but also receive high acceptance from the front-line firefighters. It deserves more investments and research efforts from the relevant government agencies.
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Chimhundu, Simbai. "A study on the BIM adoption readiness and possible mandatory initiatives for successful implementation in South Africa." Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/22184.
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A research report submitted to the Faculty of Engineering and the Built
Environment, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in partial
fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Building
(Property Development and Management)<br>Building information modelling (BIM) is one of many ways to automate construction processes and activities. Numerous projects in both the public and private sectors suffer from poor information management, resulting in time and cost overruns. BIM implementation is rapidly growing in western countries, as governments play key roles in devising strategies and mandating initiatives which increase its adoption. The purpose of this study is to determine possible regulatory initiatives towards BIM implementation in the South African Architectural Engineering and Construction sector (AEC) from the stakeholders’ perspective. BIM implementation strategies that have been used in various countries are discussed in the study and a questionnaire survey of AEC professionals in South Africa was conducted to determine which government strategies or mandatory initiatives would be most effective. The obtained data were analysed using inferential statistics and hypothesis testing. The results reflect that the South African government’s influence would be most valuable in mandating initiatives that promote BIM education and awareness, incentivising BIM usage by AEC stakeholders, modifying procurement practices to allow BIM usage and developing BIM libraries and data exchange frameworks.
Key words: Building information modelling, implementation, mandatory initiatives<br>EM2017
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Gil, de Zúñiga y. Navajas Homero. "Reconstructing the digital divide in the EU how psychological barriers affect rates of internet adoption /." 2003. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/52725653.html.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 2003.<br>Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 87-91).
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Weitz, Christian Matthys. "The proliferance of BIM adoption amongst clients for the minimization of variance orders relevant to the South African building industry." Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/22429.
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A research proposal submitted to the School of Construction Economics and Management, University of the Witswatersrand, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for a Master of Science in Building (Project management), 2016.<br>The adoption rate of BIM (Building information Modelling) in South Africa is substantially lower than many other countries both developed and developing, which is surprising given BIM’s significant advantages particularly in automating clash detection within design information, which has been a significant challenge for designers and project managers. Such clashes between inter alia different building services and systems are frequently a major cause of cost overruns and delays on South African construction projects. The benefits of such BIM functionality may well be the necessary driving force behind BIM adoption. However, in adopting change, the industry is often slow and often requires clients and end users to drive change in a fragmented industry as they are often the parties that stands to benefit the most, and this is arguably true of BIM.
This study focuses on private sector clients of the South African construction industry, and whether they have identified the potential of using BIM to minimise clashes between building services on their projects. The study reviewed literature on the current state of BIM adoption internationally and in South Africa along with the benefits of using BIM on projects in South Africa and abroad. The benefits of BIM adoption were summarised and were distributed to several pre-selected interviewees to read. Interviews were conducted based on a questionnaire that was set up drawn from client organisations in the private sector. The data was represented graphically and the outcomes of the interviews analysed. The interviewees were generally of the mind that they should not be the driving force behind BIM adoption. They all agreed that their consultants should implement any cost or time saving technology as a value added service to them.
Keywords: BIM, Building Information Modelling, Clashes, Clash Detection, Property developers, Designers, Developers, Variations,<br>EM2017
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Ducháčková, Ivana. "Actual and Possible Adoption of Euro by Selected EU New Members: Optimum Currency Area Index Framework." Master's thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-150947.
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Bendl, Ondřej. "Česká republika, Slovensko a měnová integrace v EU." Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-350617.
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This diploma thesis focuses on the process of euro adoption in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Regarding the time frame, it mainly covers a period of 2004-2014. Nevertheless in order to maximise plausibility of results, this thesis focuses on relevant moments beyond the above mentioned period as well. The main aim of this thesis is to analyse a variation in the relationship of both examined countries towards the process of European monetary integration. Whereas Slovakia joined the Eurozone in 2009, the Czech Republic has not fulfilled its obligation stemming from the EU membership yet. The secondary aim of this thesis is to verify the power of IR theories dealing with transfer of sovereignty on the supranational level. Thus, this paper strives to identify whether the constructivist or rationalist (for the purposes of this thesis represented by ideational liberalism and commercial liberalism / liberal intergovernmentalism) theoretic paradigm is more accurate in its attempt to explain the examined variation. In order to fulfil this aim, methods of difference and congruence are applied. However, each of these methods shows different results. According to the method of difference, an explanation based on commercial liberal / liberal intergovernmentalist logic of economic-materialistic consequences may...
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Parkhouse, Anna. "Does speed matter? : the impact of the EU membership incentive on rule adoption in minority language rights protection." Doctoral thesis, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-13110.
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Denna avhandling tar sin utgångspunkt i ett ifrågasättande av effektiviteten i EU:s konditionalitetspolitik avseende minoritetsrättigheter. Baserat på den rationalistiska teoretiska modellen, External Incentives Model of Governance, syftar denna hypotesprövande avhandling till att förklara om tidsavståndet på det potentiella EU medlemskapet påverkar lagstiftningsnivån avseende minoritetsspråksrättigheter. Mätningen av nivån på lagstiftningen avseende minoritetsspråksrättigheter begränsas till att omfatta icke-diskriminering, användning av minoritetsspråk i officiella sammanhang samt minoriteters språkliga rättigheter i utbildningen. Metodologiskt används ett jämförande angreppssätt både avseende tidsramen för studien, som sträcker sig mellan 2003 och 2010, men även avseende urvalet av stater. På basis av det \"mest lika systemet\" kategoriseras staterna i tre grupper efter deras olika tidsavstånd från det potentiella EU medlemskapet. Hypotesen som prövas är följande: ju kortare tidsavstånd till det potentiella EU medlemskapet desto större sannolikhet att staternas lagstiftningsnivå inom de tre områden som studeras har utvecklats till en hög nivå. Studien visar att hypotesen endast bekräftas delvis. Resultaten avseende icke-diskriminering visar att sambandet mellan tidsavståndet och nivån på lagstiftningen har ökat markant under den undersökta tidsperioden. Detta samband har endast stärkts mellan kategorin av stater som ligger tidsmässigt längst bort ett potentiellt EU medlemskap och de två kategorier som ligger närmare respektive närmast ett potentiellt EU medlemskap. Resultaten avseende användning av minoritetsspråk i officiella sammanhang och minoriteters språkliga rättigheter i utbildningen visar inget respektive nästan inget samband mellan tidsavståndet och utvecklingen på lagstiftningen mellan 2003 och 2010.
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Correia, Tiago Manuel Santos. "“Implementação da metodologia de custo ótimo a um projeto de reabilitação energética no contexto da diretiva 2010/31 EU” “Implementation of the optimum cost methodology for an energy rehabilitation project in the context of the 2010/31 EU directive”." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/12196.
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Atualmente, os edifícios são responsáveis por 40% do consumo energético da
União Europeia. Como tal, tem havido um enorme esforço para encontrar
metodologias para otimizar a eficiência energética dos edifícios.
Nesse esforço, surgiu a EPBD [3] (European Performance of Buildings Directive)
com a metodologia de custo-ótimo. Através desta metodologia, pretende-se
calcular soluções otimizadas que oferecem uma melhor eficiência energética dos
edifícios, tendo em conta o rácio custo-benefício.
Nesta dissertação, o caso de estudo será a reabilitação energética de uma
moradia unifamiliar localizada no Sul de Portugal. Os principais objetivos da
intervenção no edifício existente serão a melhoria do conforto térmico e do
desempenho energético. Será utilizado um modelo BIM (Building Information
Model) e BEM (Building Energy Model), de modo a criar uma metodologia de
cálculo expedita para encontrar as soluções otimizadas de acordo com a
metodologia definida na EPBD.
Pretende-se com o trabalho proposto, apresentar uma solução expedita para a
aplicação da metodologia acima referida, respeitando os requisitos
regulamentares e proporcionando o melhor retorno financeiro do investimento.
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Yang, Huai Ching, and 楊懷慶. "The Adoption and Promotion of Environment Protection in Government Procurement: A Comparative Study on the Legislation of Taiwan and EU." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/49d5pe.
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碩士<br>國立政治大學<br>法律學系<br>104<br>Government procurement has been constantly adopted as a policy tool in many countries for its profound effect on a nation’s economic performance and market competition. Legislation concerning government procurement becomes therefore important. According to Article 96 of Taiwan’s Government Procurement Act and other related regulations, procuring entities subjected to those provisions may provide preference to environmentally friendly products. Furthermore, as the Agreement on Government Procurement (GPA) was revised and come into force in 2014, it suggested that environment protection can be promoted via government procurement. As a consequence, the Executive Yuan formulated several policies to enhance environmentally friendly procurement. Nevertheless, such policies were not as effective as expected. Official statistics show that as government procurement value accounted for 60% of annual expenditures in 2014, the adoption and promotion of environment protection in that value merely accounted for 0.5%.
Recognizing the problem, the thesis raises two questions: Is current legislation concerning environment protection in government procurement in accordance with the Constitution? Is there any better way to legislate? To begin with, the thesis first discusses the Constitution’s stipulation of environment protection and economic system to figure out the limit of legislative discretion. Secondly, by reviewing current legislation based on such limit, the thesis finds that neither the definition of “environment protection” nor the methods of priority procurement are appropriate. The thesis hence concludes that such inappropriateness of current legislation may be one of the reasons why those policies did not work out. Last but not least, the thesis has done a comparative study on government procurement legislation of the European Union (EU) to see how legislation in Taiwan may improve. While it is the first party to propose to amend the GPA by adding environment protection into the provisions, EU has also achieved remarkably in “Green Public Procurement” (GPP).
In conclusion, the thesis has the following legislative suggestions: First, redefine “environment protection” in the Government Procurement Act and other related regulations. Second, add additional ways in current legislation for procuring entities to better adopt and promote of environment protection in government procurement, including using life-cycle costing and eco-labels.
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Deng, Shufen. "The EU’s Adoption of IFRS and the Implication for China : In the Perspective of Accounting Quality and Information Comparability." Thesis, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-30191.
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Globalization has led to the growth of international financial markets, as one of the results, the EU adopted IFRS in 2005 to meet the need of accounting globalization and harmonization. This action has triggered a debate about whether the adoption of IFRS is beneficial to accounting quality and information comparability. Meanwhile, China, playing a key role in the global economic development stage, realizes the importance of accounting harmonization and attempts to move towards the IFRS as well. However, to reach the goal that the Chinese companies produce financial statements that are the same as those that apply IFRS, there is still a long way to go. The purpose of this thesis is to examine whether the adoption of IFRS by EU has enhanced the quality of financial reporting and accounting information comparability. Additionally, the thesis further identified the seminal undertakings for the convergence of IFRS in Europe and pointed out the implication for China’s convergence with IFRS. The empirical findings in this thesis were obtained through qualitative interviews. The empirical findings suggest that accounting quality and information comparability has been enhanced with EU’s strong and full enforcement with IFRS. With the confidence in IFRS which is gained from the success of the EU’s adoption of IFRS, a coherent result was found that the convergence towards IFRS would also benefit China in accounting quality and information comparability, and further lead to more international investments. However, when it comes to the question whether China should emulate EU’s example to adopt IFRS directly or keep CAS (Chinese Accounting Standards) which is similar to IFRS, two mixed opinions were obtained basically from Europe side and China side. Through in-depth analysis with these empirical findings, the conclusion is that it is necessary for China to take steps to build intensive programs to enhance its capacity of the adoption of IFRS, so that it could adapt itself to the fact that the IFRS is already making its way around the world as a single set of high quality global accounting standards.
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Pekkirbizli, Tuba. "Qualitätssicherungssysteme im türkischen Agribusiness." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0023-996B-E.
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Die Lebensmittelsicherheit hat in der türkischen Agrar- und Ernährungswirtschaft in den letzten Jahren erheblich an Bedeutung gewonnen. Dies ist vor allem der Tatsache geschuldet, nach dem die Türkei im Jahr 2005 als Beitrittskandidat der Europäischen Union (EU) akkreditiert wurde, denn die EU ist mit Abstand der wichtigste Handelspartner der Türkei für Agrarprodukte. Die Türkei hat im Jahre 2012 einen Handelsüberschuss im Agrarsektor von 3,6 Mrd. allein Euro mit den EU-27 Ländern erwirtschaftet (Eurostat, 2013).
Das Dissertationsprojekt befasst sich im Rahmen einer empirischen Untersuchung mit den Zertifizierungssystemen im türkischen Agribusiness und es wurde insbesondere untersucht, welche Einflussgrößen auf die Zertifizierungsentscheidungen in der türkischen Agrar- und Ernährungswirtschaft existieren. Dazu wurden anhand einer Online-Befragung Daten von weiterverarbeitenden Betrieben gesammelt und für weite Teile der Türkei systematisiert. Überdies wurden sieben persönliche Interviews in ebensolchen Unternehmen durchgeführt sowie Experten aus dem türkischen Ministerium für Landwirtschaft sowie dem EU-Ministerium zum Thema Zertifizierungssysteme befragt. Da die Türkei Nettoexporteur von Agrarprodukten ist, wird dieser eine entschiedene Einfluss auf die künftige internationale Wettbewerbsfähigkeit ihrer Agrar- und Ernährungswirtschaft allgemeinen zugerechnet.