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Journal articles on the topic 'Bioassay'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Wiseman, B. R., R. E. Lynch, D. Plaisted, and D. Warnick. "Evaluation of Bt Transgenic Sweet Corn Hybrids for Resistance to Corn Earworm and Fall Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) using a Meridic Diet Bioassay2." Journal of Entomological Science 34, no. 4 (1999): 415–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-34.4.415.

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A laboratory bioassay was used to evaluate Bt transgenic sweet corn hybrids for resistance against the corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), and the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith). Whorl leaves, silks, and kernels, either fresh or oven-dried and ground with a mill, were incorporated into a dilute pinto bean diet and bioassayed against neonate, 3-, or 6-day-old larvae. Regardless of age of the larvae, results with the diet bioassay using fresh silks, oven-dried silks or fresh kernels were highly correlated with those for the fresh silk bioassay. Differences in susceptibili

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2

Dourson, Michael L., Linda A. Knauf, and Jeffrey C. Swartout. "On Reference Dose (RFD) and Its Underlying Toxicity Data Base." Toxicology and Industrial Health 8, no. 3 (1992): 171–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074823379200800304.

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The toxicity data of pesticides were summarized and compared amongst different animal species and types of bioassays. These comparisons showed the expected inter-species and inter-bioassay variability. After quantitative and statistical analysis of these data, it was concluded that, on the average, a 2-year dog bioassay detected toxic responses at similar doses as a 2-year rat study, and that both of these bioassays detected toxic responses at lower doses than either a rat 2-generation bioassay, a rat developmental toxicity study, or a 2-year mouse bioassay. Although these chronic dog and rat

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Da Cruz, Ivana B. M., Eduardo Humeres, and Alice K. Oliveira. "Toxicity of fenthion to Anastrepha fraterculus (Wied.) (Diptera:Tephritidae): dose response analysis." Anais da Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil 26, no. 3 (1997): 471–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0301-80591997000300009.

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Three toxicological bioassays were performed in two F1 south Brazilian field populations of Anastrepha fraterculus (Wied.). Lethal doses of fenthion (50% and 90%) were estimated in two bioassays, with oral administration, and with residual contact bioassay. Results of topical bioassays using fenthion diluted in alcohol, acetone or water were inconsistent. Samples treated with acetone or alcohol diluents presented high mortality (>10%), while the samples treated with water diluent showed a non linear response between dose and mortality. The residual contact bioassay was significatively more

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4

Zhang, Y., and D. Donnelly. "In Vitro Bioassays as Indicators of Salinity Tolerance in Potato." HortScience 32, no. 3 (1997): 472A—472. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.32.3.472a.

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The relative salinity tolerance of three potato cultivars, including `Russet Burbank', `Kennebec', and `Norland', were compared using three in vitro bioassays (single node cuttings, root tip segments, and microtuberization) and yield data from field lysimeters irrigated with salinized water. The single-node cutting bioassay was simpler to perform than the root tip segment and microtuberization bioassays. The single-node cutting bioassay can be recommended as a substitute for more laborintensive and costly field assessments of salinity effects on yield.

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Aponte, Jorge Sanchez, Ildefonso Baldiris Navarro, Martha Torres Virviescas, and Carlos Bohorquez. "Bioremediation of Phenolic Waters using the Microalgae Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii." Oriental Journal Of Chemistry 35, no. 4 (2019): 1274–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/ojc/350404.

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In this research, the capacity of biodegradation of phenolic compounds using the microalgae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii was evaluated, as well as the impact of the contaminant on the growth of the microalgae. The bioassays consisted on three phenol concentrations: 25 mgL/L, 50 mgL/L and 100 mg/L and a control solution. Bioremediation rates of approximately 99% were obtained, showing no significant difference between medium and high concentration bioassays. A good microalgae growth rate was obtained for the tests at low and medium concentration, they were above the control bioassay, but the high

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Manger, Ronald L., Linda S. Leja, Sue Y. Lee, et al. "Detection of Paralytic Shellfish Poison by Rapid Cell Bioassay: Antagonism of Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Active Toxins in vitro." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 86, no. 3 (2003): 540–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/86.3.540.

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Abstract Although cytotoxicity assays provide several advantages over mouse bioassays, sodium channel-blocking marine toxins, such as those associated with paralytic shellfish poison (PSP), require prolonged incubation periods of 24–48 h. This is in marked contrast to in vitro detection of sodium channel-enhancing marine toxins such as ciguatoxins or brevetoxins which can be accomplished in as few as 4–6 h. We developed a modified PSP cell bioassay that is as rapid as in vitro methods for sodium channel-enhancing toxins. The cell bioassay is based on a saxitoxin-dependent antagonism of the rap

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7

Nevelli, Francesco, Angelo Palmese, Ralf Gleixner, et al. "Biological Assay to Determine Gonadotropin Potency: From In Vivo to In Vitro Sustainable Method." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 9 (2023): 8040. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24098040.

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Various preparations of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) are commercially available; however, they differ in glycoforms composition and purity owing to their respective sources. Additional chemical/physical changes can also be introduced during manufacturing and can impact their biological activity (biopotency), which is routinely assessed using an in vivo bioassay (Steelman–Pohley). This study aimed to determine whether an in vitro bioassay could assess biopotency by distinguishing between r-hFSH chemical/physical variants with similar ability to the in vivo bioassay. The specific activity

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8

Cremonez, Paulo S. G., Jermaine D. Perier, Mirela M. Nagaoka, Alvin M. Simmons, and David G. Riley. "Precision and Accuracy of Field Versus Laboratory Bioassay Insecticide Efficacy for the Control of Immature Bemisia tabaci." Insects 14, no. 7 (2023): 645. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects14070645.

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Ecotoxicological studies often result in reports on the limitation and sometime failures of biological assay data to predict field response to similar treatments. Nevertheless, it is widely accepted that controlled bioassays can better quantify the specific mortality response of a target pest species to a specific toxin. To quantify the relationship between whitefly bioassay and field response data, we evaluated a controlled laboratory bioassay and a concurrent cucurbit field trial method to assess insecticide efficacy for controlling the sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemip

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McKenzie, C. L., and B. Cartwright. "Susceptibility of Aphis gossypii (Glover) to Insecticides as Affected by Host Plant Using a Rapid Bioassay." Journal of Entomological Science 29, no. 3 (1994): 289–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-29.3.289.

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The susceptibility of Aphis gossypii (Glover) reared on watermelon or cotton to seven insecticides was determined using a Petri dish bioassay. Baseline susceptibility values to each insecticide for susceptible laboratory A. gossypii colonies varied between host plants, but aphids reared on cotton were generally more tolerant to insecticides than aphids from watermelon. The ratio of relative susceptibility of cotton aphids to melon aphids was as much as 1000 with dimethoate or 415 with bifenthrin, however, no significant differences in susceptibility was observed with chlorpyrifos between aphid

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10

Rose, MP, and RE Gaines-Das. "Characterisation, calibration and comparison by international collaborative study of international standards for the calibration of therapeutic preparations of FSH." Journal of Endocrinology 158, no. 1 (1998): 97–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1580097.

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Therapeutic preparations of FSH, used primarily for treatment of infertility, are calibrated by in vivo bioassay against international standards (IS) derived from different sources deemed appropriate to their use according to pharmacopoeial monographs. Menotrophins, which have been used for several decades to treat infertility, have been calibrated against the IS for urinary FSH and LH (ISU) but are now being replaced by highly purified urinary FSH or rDNA-derived FSH (rFSH). The aim of this study was to evaluate two preparations of human rFSH and one preparation of highly purified urinary FSH

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Cremonez, Paulo S. G., Jermaine D. Perier, Alvin M. Simmons, and David G. Riley. "Determining Field Insecticide Efficacy on Whiteflies with Maximum Dose Bioassays." Insects 14, no. 6 (2023): 510. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects14060510.

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We conducted a rapid bioassay method to assess insecticide efficacy for controlling adult sweetpotato whitefly Bemisia tabaci in squash and cucumber crops before insecticide applications. The study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of a 24-hour laboratory bioassay in determining maximum dose insecticide efficacy in the field. Ten insecticides were evaluated using leaf-dip bioassays, and their effectiveness was tested across eight cucurbit field experiments in Georgia, USA, during the 2021 and 2022 field seasons. The maximum dose, defined as the highest labeled rate of an insecticide diluted in th

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White, John R., Marla Abodeely, Sammina Ahmed, et al. "Best practices in bioassay development to support registration of biopharmaceuticals." BioTechniques 67, no. 3 (2019): 126–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2144/btn-2019-0031.

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Biological activity is a critical quality attribute for biopharmaceuticals, which is accurately measured using an appropriate relative potency bioassay. Developing a bioassay is a complex, rigorous undertaking that needs to address several challenges including modelling all of the mechanisms of action associated with the biotherapeutic. Bioassay development is also an exciting and fast evolving field, not only from a scientific, medical and technological point of view, but also in terms of statistical approaches and regulatory expectations. This has led to an industry-wide discussion on the mo

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13

Praulins, Giorgio, Annabel Murphy-Fegan, Jack Gillespie, Frank Mechan, Katherine Gleave, and Rosemary Lees. "Unpacking WHO and CDC Bottle Bioassay Methods: A Comprehensive Literature Review and Protocol Analysis Revealing Key Outcome Predictors." Gates Open Research 8 (December 18, 2024): 56. https://doi.org/10.12688/gatesopenres.15433.2.

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Background Resistance monitoring is a key element in controlling vector-borne diseases. The World Health Organization (WHO) and Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) have each developed bottle bioassay methods for determining insecticide susceptibility in mosquito vectors which are used globally. Methods This study aimed to identify variations in bottle bioassay methodologies and assess the potential impact on the data that is generated. Our approach involved a systematic examination of existing literature and protocols from WHO and CDC, with a focus on the specifics of reported met

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Praulins, Giorgio, Annabel Murphy-Fegan, Jack Gillespie, Frank Mechan, Katherine Gleave, and Rosemary Lees. "Unpacking WHO and CDC Bottle Bioassay Methods: A Comprehensive Literature Review and Protocol Analysis Revealing Key Outcome Predictors." Gates Open Research 8 (June 4, 2024): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/gatesopenres.15433.1.

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Background Resistance monitoring is a key element in controlling vector-borne diseases. The World Health Organization (WHO) and Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) have each developed bottle bioassay methods for determining insecticide susceptibility in mosquito vectors which are used globally. Methods This study aimed to identify variations in bottle bioassay methodologies and assess the potential impact on the data that is generated. Our approach involved a systematic examination of existing literature and protocols from WHO and CDC, with a focus on the specifics of reported met

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15

Cirino, Giuseppe, and John L. Wallace. "A superfusion bioassay for platelet-activating factor." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 67, no. 1 (1989): 72–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y89-012.

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A superfusion bioassay for platelet-activating factor is described using various types of tissues. By washing the tissue with 0.1–0.5% bovine serum albumin for 2–3 min after each addition of platelet-activating factor, desensitization did not develop in most tissues studied. Because of the ability to apply a sample directly onto an assay tissue with negligible dilution, this bioassay can detect smaller amounts of platelet-activating factor than those previously reported in which an organ bath was utilized. The ascending colon of the rat and dog appeared to be the most sensitive of the tissues

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Queiroz, Ana Paula de, Bruna Magda Favetti, Pamela Gislaine Luski, Jaciara Gonçalves, Pedro Manuel Oliveira Janeiro Neves, and Adeney de Freitas Bueno. "Telenomus remus (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) parasitism on Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) eggs: different parasitoid and host egg ages." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 40, no. 6Supl2 (2019): 2933. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2019v40n6supl2p2933.

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Abstract: Release of egg parasitoids for biological control of pests is a promising technique in integrated pest management (IPM). However, there is a lack of information on the performance of parasitoid females of different ages, and specifically on the behavior of the parasitoid Telenomus remus towards pest eggs at different stages of embryonic development. Thus, the relationships between host age, parasitoid age, and parasitism by T. remus on Spodoptera frugiperda eggs were evaluated. Three separate bioassays were performed, each in a completely randomized design. In the first bioassay, T.

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Imaida, Katsumi, S. Tamano, Akihiro Hagiwara, S. Fukushima, T. Shirai, and Nobuyuki Ito. "Application of rat medium-term bioassays for detecting carcinogenic and modifying potentials of endocrine active substances." Pure and Applied Chemistry 75, no. 11-12 (2003): 2491–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200375112491.

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Two in vivo bioassay methods, a rat medium-term liver bioassay and a rat multiorgan bioassay, can be used for detecting carcinogenic or modifying potentials of endocrine active substances (EASs) on endocrine disruption (ED). The first bioassay, the rat mediumterm liver bioassay, is fundamentally based on the two-step hypothesis of liver carcinogenesis; initiation with diethylnitrosamine (DEN, 200 mg/kg b.w., ip) is followed by test chemical administrations during the second stage, in combination with 2/3 partial hepatectomy. It requires only eight weeks for animal experimental treatment and a

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Goldman, Charles R., Alan D. Jassby, and Scott H. Hackley. "Decadal, Interannual, and Seasonal Variability in Enrichment Bioassays at Lake Tahoe, California–Nevada, USA." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 50, no. 7 (1993): 1489–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f93-170.

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The response of Lake Tahoe water to macronutrient supplementation has been assayed with inorganic 14C uptake since the 1960s. On the decadal scale, a change in bioassay response to macronutrient enrichment took place around 1980, with a decrease in the frequency of N stimulation and an increase in the frequency of P stimulation. On the annual scale, an effect of spring mixing depth on the size of the bioassay response could be observed: stronger mixing events resulted in a more positive response. On the seasonal scale, the response magnitude was affected by stratification, but the significance

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S.T. Bino Sundar, T.J. Harikrishnan, Bhaskaran Ravi Latha, et al. "OLFACTOMETRY BIOASSAY STUDIES ON BEHAVIOUR OF HOUSE FLIES TOWARDS DIFFERENT FOOD BAITS IN VITRO." Indian Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Research 53, no. 5 (2025): 9–22. https://doi.org/10.56093/ijvasr.v53i5.162163.

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Food bait preferences of house flies were evaluated using olfactometry bioassays. A single cage dual port glass olfactometer was used to assess preferences of house flies towards sugar, fish meal and molasses in no choice and choice bioassays. Flies were allowed into olfactometer individually, observed for five minutes. Time spent in bait port and decision chamber, number of entries into test/control port and port selected five minutes post-exposure were recorded. In the second study in a four arm acrylic olfactometer, three food baits viz., high fish meal low molasses cake, low fish meal high

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Tsonis, C. G., A. S. McNeilly, and D. T. Baird. "Measurement of exogenous and endogenous inhibin in sheep serum using a new and extremely sensitive bioassay for inhibin based on inhibition of ovine pituitary FSH secretion in vitro." Journal of Endocrinology 110, no. 2 (1986): 341–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1100341.

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ABSTRACT An extremely sensitive and reliable bioassay for inhibin based on inhibition of ovine pituitary FSH secretion in vitro was developed and used to measure exogenous and endogenous inhibin activity in the ewe. The sheep inhibin bioassay is 30- to 40-fold more sensitive than conventional rat inhibin bioassays. The minimum sensitivity of each bioassay in the measurement of inhibin activity in 1 ml of sheep serum is 220 mu. and 4080 mu. in the sheep and rat bioassays respectively. This sensitive inhibin bioassay has permitted, for the first time, the measurement of endogenous inhibin in the

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Allelein, Stephanie, Tanja Diana, Margret Ehlers, et al. "Comparison of a Bridge Immunoassay with Two Bioassays for Thyrotropin Receptor Antibody Detection and Differentiation." Hormone and Metabolic Research 51, no. 06 (2019): 341–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0914-0535.

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AbstractA rapid and fully automated chemiluminescent immunoassay for the detection of thyrotropin receptor autoantibodies (TSHR-Ab) based on a bridge technology was compared with two bioassays that measure either stimulating (TSAb) or blocking (TBAb) antibodies for the detection and differentiation of TSHR-Ab. A total of 229 patients with various thyroid disorders [151 with Graves’ disease (GD), 35 with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT), 32 with nodular goiter, and 11 with thyroid cancer] were included. The bridge immunoassay was performed according to the manufacturer’s instructions (cut-off>0.

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Khalil, Yaseen, Kadambot H. M. Siddique, Phil Ward, et al. "A bioassay for prosulfocarb, pyroxasulfone and trifluralin detection and quantification in soil and crop residues." Crop and Pasture Science 69, no. 6 (2018): 606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp18026.

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Three experiments were conducted to develop a bioassay method for assessing the bioavailability of prosulfocarb, pyroxasulfone and trifluralin in both crop residue and soil. In preliminary experiments, Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) and beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) were tested as bioassay plant species for the three pre-emergent herbicides. Four growth parameters (shoot length, root length, fresh weight and dry weight) were measured for all plant species. Shoot-length inhibition was identified as the most responsive to the herbicide application rates.

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Srivastava, M. S. "Multivariate Bioassay, Combination of Bioassays, and Fieller's Theorem." Biometrics 42, no. 1 (1986): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2531249.

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Elden, T. C. "Laboratory Screening Techniques for Evaluation of Soybean Germplasm for Resistance to Twospotted Spider Mite (Acari: Tetranychidae)." Journal of Entomological Science 34, no. 1 (1999): 132–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-34.1.132.

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Thirty-one soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merrill, accessions from maturity groups II through VIII were evaluated in excised and intact (whole plant) leaf bioassays to determine the ability of these bioassays to detect differences in susceptibility to the twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch. Although there were few significant differences between bioassays for variables measured within maturity groupings, the excised leaf bioassay which was easier to set up and monitor and took three-fourths less growth chamber space also had less variation among replications and repeated tests and det

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Han, D. Y., D. L. Coplin, W. D. Bauer, and H. A. J. Hoitink. "A Rapid Bioassay for Screening Rhizosphere Microorganisms for Their Ability to Induce Systemic Resistance." Phytopathology® 90, no. 4 (2000): 327–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto.2000.90.4.327.

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We developed a rapid and miniaturized bioassay for screening large numbers of rhizosphere microorganisms for their ability to induce systemic resistance to bacterial leaf spot of radish caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. armoraciae. In this bioassay, Pantoea agglomerans strain E278Ar controlled symptoms of disease as effectively as 2,6-dichloroisonicotinic acid when applied to the roots of seedlings produced in growth pouches in a soilless system. E278Ar essentially did not migrate from seedling roots to the foliage. This suggests that induction of systemic resistance could best explain the

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Blatchley, Ernest R., and Bruce A. Hunt. "BIOASSA Y FOR FULL-SCALE UV DISINFECTION SYSTEMS." Water Science and Technology 30, no. 4 (1994): 115–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1994.0171.

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A new bioassay technique for ultraviolet (UY) disinfection is presented which penn its application to fullscale systems. The technique involves comparison of batch dose-response behavior and full-scale, continuous-flow disinfection efficacy using indigenous indicator organisms present in secondary or tertiary wastewater effluent. This approach allows the bioassay to be applied to UY systems of all sizes, thereby eliminating the need for extrapolation of pilot-scale bioassays to full-scale systems. By comparing the results of the bioassay with dose estimates from numerical modelling, a semi-qua

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Međo, Irena, Bojan Stojnić, and Dejan Marčić. "Acaricidal activity and sublethal effects of the microbial pesticide spinosad on Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae)." Systematic and Applied Acarology 22, no. 10 (2017): 1748. http://dx.doi.org/10.11158/saa.22.10.14.

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Laboratory bioassays were conducted to evaluate the toxicity of the microbial pesticide spinosad to different life stages of the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, as well as its sublethal effects on reproduction and population growth of this important mite pest. The biopesticide was applied to bean primary leaves or leaf discs carrying spider mites using a Potter spray tower (2.7 mg/cm2 aqueous deposit). The following LC50 and LC90 (mg/L) estimates for motile stages were obtained in acute toxicity bioassays: 27.52 and 116.72 (larvae), 36.55 and 136.20 (protonymphs), 82.76 and

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Peng, Hanjing, Yukinori Endo, and Wen Jin Wu. "Define Critical Parameters of Trastuzumab-Mediated ADCC Assays via Assay Optimization Processes, Focusing on the Impact of Cryopreserved Effector Cells on Assay Performance." Cancers 16, no. 13 (2024): 2367. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers16132367.

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The mechanisms of mAb-induced ADCC have been well established. However, the ADCC bioassays used to quantify mAb-induced ADCC require continued development/refinement to properly assess and compare the potency of newly developed therapeutic mAbs and biosimilars to meet regulatory requirements. We used trastuzumab and a lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)-based ADCC bioassay as a model to define critical parameters of the ADCC bioassay, describing how several bioassay parameters, including preparation of effector cells, E/T ratio, target cell selection, bioassay media components, and treatment time can

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Neale, Peta A., Werner Brack, Selim Aït-Aïssa, et al. "Solid-phase extraction as sample preparation of water samples for cell-based and other in vitro bioassays." Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts 20, no. 3 (2018): 493–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7em00555e.

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Arthur, Frank H. "Residual Efficacy of Cyfluthrin Applied Alone or in Combination with Piperonyl Butoxide or Piperonyl Butoxide + Chlorpyrifos-methyl as Protectants of Stored Corn2." Journal of Entomological Science 29, no. 2 (1994): 276–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-29.2.276.

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Pioneer variety ‘3320’ seed corn, treated with 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, or 2.0 ppm cyfluthrin, each rate of cyfluthrin + 8.0 ppm piperonyl butoxide, or each rate of cyfluthrin + 8.0 ppm piperonyl butoxide + 6.0 ppm chlorpyrifosmethyl, was stored for 10 months at ambient conditions in south Georgia. Every 2 months the corn was sampled and bioassayed with maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais (Motschulsky), and red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst). Maize weevil survival on corn treated with 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 ppm cyfluthrin ranged from 39.5 to 76.0%, 4.0 to 29.5%, and 1.0 to 11.5%, respectively. Weevi

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Matthiessen, J. N., and M. A. Shackleton. "Advantageous attributes of larval whitefringed weevil, Naupactus leucoloma (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) for bioassaying soil fumigants, and responses to pure and plant-derived isothiocyanates." Bulletin of Entomological Research 90, no. 4 (2000): 349–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000748530000047x.

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AbstractFirst instars of the soil-inhabiting whitefringed weevil, Naupactus leucoloma(Boheman), are a particularly good bioassay model for assessing volatile soil fumigants and biofumigants. Eggs are readily obtained and can be stored for long periods with larvae hatched on demand and the first instar is non-feeding, surviving without food or shelter. Longevity varies with temperature, but readily accommodates the period required to conduct bioassays without appreciable mortality of untreated controls. In vitro bioassays of pure methyl isothiocyanate, the active ingredient from metham sodium s

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Ortega, Marta, José L. Alonso-Prados, Mercedes Villarroya, and José M. García-Baudín. "Detection of Phytotoxic Soil Residues of Hexazinone and Simazine by a Biological Test Using Lepidium sativum L. var. Cresson." Weed Technology 18, no. 3 (2004): 505–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-03-055.

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Current plant bioassays included in the guidelines for testing pesticides do not include the measurement of reproduction endpoints. A bioassay, based on reduction of flowering of cress was developed to detect soil residues of hexazinone and simazine at levels of 0.02 and 0.10 ppm, respectively. The endpoint used in the described bioassay is the percentage of plant viability that implies that the tested plants have reached the flowering stage. It was found that sensitivity of cress is lower in soils containing higher organic matter.

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Libardoni, Gabriela, Raiza Abati, Fernanda Colombo, et al. "The Longevity Of Africanized Apis mellifera L. Influenced By Synthetic Phytosanitary Products Used In Soybean." Ecotoxicology and Environmental Contamination 18, no. 1 (2023): 2–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5132/eec.2023.01.02.

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Honey bees are the main pollinators, but they are in decline and synthetic phytosanitary products (SSPs) are suspected to be related. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of three commercial SPPs, used to control the stink bug in soybean, formulated with Acetamiprid + Alpha-cypermethrin; Imidacloprid + Beta-Cyfluthrin and Fenitrothion + Esfenvalerate, on adult worker Africanized Apis mellifera. For this, worker honey bees was exposed to SPPs through three bioassays: 1) sprayed on the bees, 2) sprayed on Petri dishes in which the bees was subsequently placed, and 3) mixed with the

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Delongchamp, Robert R., Cruz Velasco, Varsha G. Desai, Taewon Lee, and James C. Fuscoe. "Designing Toxicogenomics Studies that use DNA Array Technology." Bioinformatics and Biology Insights 2 (January 2008): 117793220800200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/117793220800200003.

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Background Bioassays are routinely used to evaluate the toxicity of test agents. Experimental designs for bioassays are largely encompassed by fixed effects linear models. In toxicogenomics studies where DNA arrays measure mRNA levels, the tissue samples are typically generated in a bioassay. These measurements introduce additional sources of variation, which must be properly managed to obtain valid tests of treatment effects. Results An analysis of covariance model is developed which combines a fixed-effects linear model for the bioassay with important variance components associated with DNA

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McLean, K. L., and A. Stewart. "Infection sites of Sclerotium cepivorum on onion roots." New Zealand Plant Protection 53 (August 1, 2000): 118–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2000.53.3662.

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Onion (Allium cepa) root infection by Sclerotium cepivorum was examined in two glasshouse bioassays In the first bioassay the effect of sclerotial depth was examined Sclerotia placed at 1 10 and 20 cm depths in soil filled planter bags germinated and infected onion roots at 5 7 and 13 weeks after planting respectively The second bioassay determined that the severity of infection varied when sclerotia were placed at the stem base along the length of a root and at the root tip After 22 weeks a greater (P

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Gokulakrishnaa, R. K., and Selvamuthukumaran Thirunavukkarasu. "Bioassay Techniques in Entomological Research." International Journal of Plant & Soil Science 35, no. 16 (2023): 363–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2023/v35i163163.

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BIOASSAY (Bio - life, Assay - determination) is the measurement of the potency of any stimulus (physical, chemical, biological, and psychological) and the reactions that it produces in living matter. In Entomology, to know about the potency, Specificity of any compounds, standardization of doses, and identify modes of action bioassay is needed. In addition to the basic bioassay methods such as poison food, dry film techniques, etc., depending upon the researcher’s necessity, they are modified or newly developed. Diet covering and diet incorporation for lepidopterans and homopterans have been d

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Lewtas, Joellen. "Emerging Methodologies for Assessment of Complex Mixtures: Application of Bioassays in the Integrated Air Cancer Project." Toxicology and Industrial Health 5, no. 5 (1989): 839–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074823378900500519.

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The assessment of complex mixtures of environmental pollutants requires new interdisciplinary strategies. Integration of bioassay methodologies into these strategies is an important tool that pro vides direct evidence of the toxicity of a mixture. Short-term genetic bioassays are now widely used in the cancer assessment of complex mixtures. New and emerging interdisciplinary methodolo gies for assessing complex mixtures using bioassays are illustrated by the U.S. EPA's Integrated Air Cancer Project (IACP). The goals of this project are to identify the major airborne carcinogens and their emiss

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Shoji, Ryo, Akiyoshi Sakoda, Yasuyuki Sakai, Motoyuki Suzuki, and Hideo Utsumi. "Rapid bioassay of toxicity in environmental water by LDL-uptaking activity of human cell." Water Science and Technology 38, no. 7 (1998): 271–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1998.0301.

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Recently, environmental waters involving river water usually used as a source of drinking water have been polluted by various chemicals produced by human activities. We reported in our previous work that the variation of toxicity in urban river water is so fast that the general bioassays cannot catch up with the variation. Thus, a bioassay that can rapidly detect the toxicity is required. in this work, we developed a rapid bioassay based on LDL, uptaking activity of human cells and elucidated its fundamental characteristics. Also, toxicity of 30 chemicals was evaluated by this assay and compar

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Eastman, C. E., H. Oloumi-Sadeghi, and M. R. McGuire. "Residual Efficacy of Starch-Encapsulated Microbial Insecticides for Control of Diamondback Moth on Cabbage, 1991." Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 17, no. 1 (1992): 390. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/17.1.390.

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Abstract In 2 series of laboratory bioassays, DBM larvae from a laboratory colony (established in 1988 with insects from southwestern Illinois) were confined with cabbage foliage taken from field plots at varying intervals after application of microbial insecticides derived from Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki. Spray solutions were applied to cabbage plots with 3 hollow cone nozzles/row from a 4-row sprayer delivering 30 gal/acre at 50 psi on 18 Jul (first bioassay series) and 1 Aug (second bioassay series). (See Paper 10E for details of the field trial.) All products and experimental for

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Fitriyah, Fauziatul, Muhammad Abdul Aziz, Sri Wahyuni, et al. "Biostimulant Activity of <i>Sargassum</i> sp. Extracts on Early Growth of <i>Zea mays</i> L. and the Phytohormones Content Analysis." Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology 7, no. 2 (2022): 69178. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jtbb.69178.

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Seaweed has been gaining global interest in agriculture for the development of marine-based plant biostimulants. This research aimed to study the effect of three different liquid extracts of Sargassum sp., acidic, alkaline, and water extract, on the germination and early growth of maize and to evaluate the phytohormones content responsible for the growth. Phytohormones content including Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), gibberellins (GA), kinetin and zeatin were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and bioassay was performed twice on maize. Parameters observed on the bioassay

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Heap, I. M. "Identification and documentation of herbicide resistance." Comptes rendus 75, no. 4 (2005): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/706075ar.

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Proactive herbicide resistance management programs rely upon early detection of resistant populations and knowledge of which combinations of weed and herbicide are prone to the development of resistance. Annual weeds that are prolific seed producers, genetically diverse, and repeatedly exposed to a single herbicide mode of action, are prone to rapid development of resistance. When resistance is suspected, seed samples are collected and evaluated using a whole plant bioassay. Whole plant bioassays are conducted underfield, growth room, or Petri dish conditions. Complete dose response curves for

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Pugachev, E. I., та L. T. Volova. "IN VITRO CELL-BASED ASSAYS FOR SCREENING AND COMPARISON OF TNF-Α AND IL-17A INHIBITORS AND THEIR BIOSIMILARS". BIOTECHNOLOGY: STATE OF THE ART AND PERSPECTIVES 1, № 2022-20 (2022): 131–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.37747/2312-640x-2022-20-131-132.

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Cell-based bioassays have been developed to assess the biological activity of TNF-α and IL-17A inhibitors based on primary human cell cultures obtained from tissues of juvenile donors. The Fibro-bioassay is based on the analysis of IL-17A dose-dependent production of inflammatory cytokines synthesized by human foreskin fibroblasts (HFF). Using this bioassay, it has been shown that Netakimab (Biocad, RF) is a highly effective inhibitor of IL-17A. Using the Chondro test system the biological activity of TNF-α inhibitors was compared: the original molecule Remicade (MSD, Ireland) with its biosimi

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Anderson, Valerie M., Grace F. H. Sward, Christopher M. Ranger, Michael E. Reding, and Luis Canas. "Microbial Control Agents for Fungus Gnats (Diptera: Sciaridae: Lycoriella) Affecting the Production of Oyster Mushrooms, Pleurotus spp." Insects 12, no. 9 (2021): 786. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12090786.

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Infestations of fungus gnats (Diptera: Sciaridae) can reduce the production of oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus spp.) grown as food crops within controlled environments. The objectives of this study were to assess the efficacy of Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (Bti) and Steinernema feltiae against fungus gnat larvae. A bioassay was developed, whereby pasteurized straw was inoculated with Pleurotus columbinus and treated with Bti (Gnatrol®), S. feltiae (Nemashield®), or water. Fungus gnats (Lycoriella sp.) were released into each bioassay container for ovipositing onto the straw, thereby ex

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Hatch, Lorin K., John E. Reuter, and Charles R. Goldman. "Relative importance of stream-borne particulate and dissolved phosphorus fractions to Lake Tahoe phytoplankton." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 56, no. 12 (1999): 2331–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f99-166.

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Algal bioassays using stream water additions from seven Lake Tahoe basin mountain creeks were used to assess short-term bioavailability of stream P to Lake Tahoe phytoplankton during the 1996 spring snowmelt. Results indicate that 75-90% of bioassay response is due to nutrients in the <0.45-µm range. Lake Tahoe phytoplankton are primarily P limited, although N colimitation has been observed during summer. Bioassay response did not correlate well with particulate P > 0.45 µm but was highly correlated with dissolved inorganic P. Dissolved organic P may also be stimulatory to Lake Tahoe phy

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Li, Ting, Yifan Wang, and Nannan Liu. "Mosquito Adult Bioassays." Cold Spring Harbor Protocols 2023, no. 7 (2023): pdb.prot108041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/pdb.prot108041.

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Topical application and bottle bioassays measure the responses of adult mosquitoes to specific doses of an insecticide (dose–response). Topical application bioassays are generally used to measure the dose–response of adult mosquitoes to insecticides in which the amount (dose) of insecticides the mosquitoes receive is known in the laboratory. Here, a 0.5-µL drop of the insecticide dissolved in a relatively nontoxic solvent, such as acetone, is applied to the thorax of insects, and the insects’ susceptibility to the insecticide is determined in terms of either the median lethal dose (LD50) or 90

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Araújo, Ademir Sérgio Ferreira, and Regina Teresa Rosim Monteiro. "Plant bioassays to assess toxicity of textile sludge compost." Scientia Agricola 62, no. 3 (2005): 286–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162005000300013.

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Composting of industrial wastes is increasing because of recycling requirements set on organic wastes. The evaluation of toxicity of these wastes by biological testing is therefore extremely important for screening the suitability of waste for land application. The toxicity of a textile sludge compost was investigated using seed germination and plant growth bioassays using soybean and wheat. Compost samples were mixed with water (seed germination bioassay) or nutrient solution (plant growth bioassay) at concentrations of 0, 19, 38, 76 and 152 g L-1. No negative effects were observed after five

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Scott, J. H., R. L. Brandenburg, G. G. Kennedy, and T. G. Isleib. "Laboratory Bioassay Evaluating Peanut Seedlings for Resistance to the Southern Corn Rootworm, Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi Barber (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)." Peanut Science 30, no. 1 (2003): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3146/pnut.30.1.0009.

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Abstract The objective of this study was to develop a laboratory bioassay that consistently distinguishes peanut genotypes (Arachis hypogaea L.) based on their potential susceptibility or resistance to the southern corn root-worm (SCR), Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi Barber, a major soil insect pest of peanut in North Carolina, Virginia, and other states. The susceptibility or resistance of a peanut genotype to the SCR was characterized by the survival, development, and mean weight of the pest after feeding for 14 d on seedlings of different peanut genotypes. An initial 14 d seedling bioas

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Gomes, Simone Azevedo, Aline Teixeira Carolino, Thais Berçot Pontes Teodoro, et al. "The Potential of Metarhizium anisopliae Blastospores to Control Aedes aegypti Larvae in the Field." Journal of Fungi 9, no. 7 (2023): 759. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof9070759.

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Entomopathogenic fungi are promising as an environmentally benign alternative to chemical pesticides for mosquito control. The current study investigated the virulence of Metarhizium anisopliae blastospores against Aedes aegypti under both laboratory and field conditions. Virulence bioassays of conidia and blastospores were conducted in the laboratory, while field simulation bioassays were conducted under two conditions: totally shaded (TS) or partially shaded (PS). In the first bioassay (zero h), the larvae were added to the cups shortly after the preparation of the blastospores, and in the s

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Jiang, Pengfei, Yulin Wang, Lan Zhao, Chenyang Ji, Dongchu Chen, and Libo Nie. "Applications of Gold Nanoparticles in Non-Optical Biosensors." Nanomaterials 8, no. 12 (2018): 977. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano8120977.

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Due to their unique properties, such as good biocompatibility, excellent conductivity, effective catalysis, high density, and high surface-to-volume ratio, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are widely used in the field of bioassay. Mainly, AuNPs used in optical biosensors have been described in some reviews. In this review, we highlight recent advances in AuNP-based non-optical bioassays, including piezoelectric biosensor, electrochemical biosensor, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) bio-detection. Some representative examples are presented to illustrate the effect of AuNPs in

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Scheck, Heather J., Marilyn L. Canfield, Jay W. Pscheidt, and Larry W. Moore. "Rapid Evaluation of Pathogenicity in Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae with a Lilac Tissue Culture Bioassay and Syringomycin DNA Probes." Plant Disease 81, no. 8 (1997): 905–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.1997.81.8.905.

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Losses from diseases caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae occur on a large number of deciduous woody plants in commercial nurseries in the Pacific Northwest. Bioassays for pathogenicity are one step in the identification of P. syringae pv. syringae and are usually performed on the host of isolation; however, woody plants can take months to develop symptoms. A bioassay with highly susceptible lilac (Syringa vulgaris ‘Sensation’) tissue culture plantlets evaluated pathogenicity in strains of P. syringae pv. syringae isolated from 25 species of deciduous woody plants. DNA colony hybridizat

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