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Journal articles on the topic 'Butylhydroxytoluene'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 27 April 2022

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Dever, Tara T., Elise M. Herro, and Sharon E. Jacob. "Butylhydroxytoluene—From Jet Fuels to Cosmetics?" Dermatitis 23, no. 2 (2012): 90–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/der.0b013e31824a5e80.

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Kononevich, Yuriy N., Alexander S. Smolski, Anatoly M. Demchenko, and Aziz M. Muzafarov. "Synthesis and antioxidant activity of silicon analogue of butylhydroxytoluene." Mendeleev Communications 24, no. 3 (2014): 149–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mencom.2014.04.007.

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Umemura, Takashi, Yukio Kodama, Kyoji Hioki, Tohru Inoue, Tatsuji Nomura, and Yuji Kurokawa. "Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) increases susceptibility of transgenic rasH2 mice to lung carcinogenesis." Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology 127, no. 10 (2001): 583–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004320100268.

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Shevchenko, L. V., O. S. Yaremchuk та V. M. Mykhalska. "Продуктивність та неспецифічна резистентність курчат-бройлерів за дії β-каротину". Ukrainian Journal of Ecology 7, № 3 (2017): 90–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/2017_54.

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<p>Use in feeding broiler chickens of Vitaton and Vitadeps with and without butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) improves feed intake and water, and has no effect on body weight. The feeding of broiler chickens with mix fodder of Vitaton and BHT in doses that meet and exceed the physiological need of β-carotene calculated for retinol and Vitaton with no OSH in a normal dose of β-carotene did not significantly alter the absolute number of lymphocytes blood and the ratio of their subpopulation responsible for cellular (T-lymphocytes) and humoral (B-lymphocytes) immunity. Phagocytic activity of neutrophils and phagocytic index were not significantly changed in the peripheral blood of broiler chickens at feeding Vitaton as a source of β-carotene with/without BHT. Use of Vitaton without BHT in feeding of broiler chickens at a dose of 0.7 g/kg caused a lymphocytopenia. In chickens of this group we noted a decrease in the total number of lymphocytes in the blood due to decrease of cellular and humoral immunity, namely all subpopulations of T-lymphocytes, including T-helper cells - by 58.3 %, T-suppressors - by 41.0, T-helper cells active - at 43.5, B-lymphocytes by 60.1 %, and 0-lymphocytes – by 40.0 %. This is consistent with the reduction in titer of natural antibodies in their serum by 35.3 %. This phagocytic activity of neutrophils and index of phagocytes in blood of broiler chickens unchanged compared with the control. Use of Vitadeps in feeding broiler chickens at a dose of 5.6 g/kg in mix fodder also caused lymphocytopenia. This was reflected in the decrease of absolute number of blood 0-lymphocytes by 43.4 %, T-suppressors - by 38.7 % and T-helper cells active - by 39.0 %, but their ratio in the blood was like control level. Thus, usage of Vitaton and Vitadeps with/without butylhydroxytoluene in doses that meet the bird demands of β-carotene calculated to vitamin A, ensure the normal functioning of immune organs. Use of Vitaton with BHT as a source of β-carotene for the feeding of broiler chickens at a dose exceeding the normal content of vitamin A by 7 times, does not cause the violations of immunological homeostasis of the poultry. The Vitaton without butylhydroxytoluene and Vitadeps in doses exceeding the normal content of bird β-carotene calculated to vitamin A by 7 times depressing the immunopoesis in broiler chickens.</p>

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Gudz, Tatyana, Ove Eriksson, Yulia Kushnareva, Nills-Eric Saris, and Sergei Novgorodov. "Effect of Butylhydroxytoluene and Related Compounds on Permeability of the Inner Mitochondrial Membrane." Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 342, no. 1 (1997): 143–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/abbi.1997.0113.

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Yáñez-Sedeño, P., J. M. Pingarrón, and L. M. Polo Díez. "Determination of tert-butylhydroxyanisole and tert-butylhydroxytoluene by flow injection with amperometric detection." Analytica Chimica Acta 252, no. 1-2 (1991): 153–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0003-2670(91)87209-p.

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Garcı´a, C. D., and P. I. Ortiz. "Determination of tert-Butylhydroxytoluene by Flow Injection Analysis at Polymer Modified Glassy Carbon Electrodes." Electroanalysis 10, no. 12 (1998): 832–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1521-4109(199809)10:12<832::aid-elan832>3.0.co;2-w.

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Li, Zhiyong, He Cheng, Junyu Li, et al. "Large-Scale Structures in Tetrahydrofuran–Water Mixture with a Trace Amount of Antioxidant Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT)." Journal of Physical Chemistry B 115, no. 24 (2011): 7887–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp203777g.

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Tabakaeva, O. V., W. Piekoszewski, T. K. Kalenik, et al. "Antiradical Activity of Hydrolysates and Extracts from Mollusk A. broughtonii and Practical Application to the Stabilization of Lipids." Foods 9, no. 3 (2020): 304. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9030304.

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The antiradical properties of hydrolysates and hydrothermal extracts of bivalve mollusks (Anadara broughtonii) from the Far Eastern Region of Russia and their influence on lipid oxidation in mayonnaise were investigated. The radical binding activity of hydrolysates and extracts of A. broughtonii varies from 55% to 89%. The maximum radical-binding activity was observed for acid hydrolysates. The antiradical efficiency of acid hydrolysates is 35%–41% of the BHT (butylhydroxytoluene) index. The antiradical activity depends on the (method of) technological and biotechnological processing of raw materials. Acid and enzymatic hydrolysates and hydrothermal extracts of A. broughtonii in mayonnaise slow down the process of oxidation of lipids and hydrolysis of triglycerides. Acid hydrolysates reduce the speed of oxidation and hydrolysis of lipids in mayonnaise more efficiently than the enzymatic hydrolysates.

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De Vries, Ellen Jan, Richard C. Bas, and Henny Kuil. "Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Nifursol in Concentrates, Premixes, and Finished Turkey Feeds." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 77, no. 6 (1994): 1347–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/77.6.1347.

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Abstract A specific liquid chromatographic method was developed for determination of nifursol in premixes and turkey feeds. Nifursol is extracted from test sample into tetrahydrofuran. Butylhydroxytoluene is added to prevent degradation of nifursol. The extract is diluted with tetrahydrofuran–water (50 + 50, v/v); an aliquot is injected onto a Zorbax ODS column. The mobile phase is water-acetonitrile (525 + 475, v/v) adjusted to an apparent pH of 3.5 with formic acid and ammonia. The wavelength of detection is 380 nm. The system can separate nifursol from dimetridazole and ronidazole. The method is specific; has linearity of more than one order of magnitude; and has a limit of quantitation in the 1–2 ppm range. Recovery averaged 98% or more, and the reproducibility had a coefficient of variation of better than 2.5% in pelleted feed.

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Lauridsen, C., K. Jakobsen, and J. Fris Jensen. "Comparative studies on the effect of butylhydroxytoluene and ethoxyquin on the antioxidative and oxidative balance in broilers." Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition 72, no. 1-5 (1994): 26–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0396.1994.tb00367.x.

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Ruiz, M. Asunción, Paloma áńez-Sedeń, and José M. Pingarrón. "Voltammetric determination of the antioxidant tert-butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) at a carbon paste electrode modified with nickel phthalocyanine." Electroanalysis 6, no. 5-6 (1994): 475–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elan.1140060519.

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Hossain, M., S. M. A. Sujan, and M. S. Jamal. "Antioxidant Effect on Oxidation Stability of Blend Fish Oil Biodiesel with Vegetable Oil Biodiesel and Petroleum Diesel Fuel." International Journal of Renewable Energy Development 2, no. 2 (2013): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.2.2.75-80.

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Two different phenolic synthetic antioxidants were used to improve the oxidation stability of fish oil biodiesel blends with vegetable oil biodiesel and petroleum diesel. Butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) most effective for improvement of the oxidation stability of petro diesel, whereas tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) showed good performance in fish oil biodiesel. Fish oil/Rapeseed oil biodiesel mixed showed some acceptable results in higher concentration ofantioxidants. TBHQ showed better oxidation stability than BHT in B100 composition. In fish oil biodiesel/diesel mixed fuel, BHT was more effective antioxidant than TBHQ to increase oxidationstability because BHT is more soluble than TBHQ. The stability behavior of biodiesel/diesel blends with the employment of the modified Rancimat method (EN 15751). The performance ofantioxidants was evaluated for treating fish oil biodiesel/Rapeseed oil biodiesel for B100, and blends with two type diesel fuel (deep sulfurization diesel and automotive ultra-low sulfur or zero sulfur diesels). The examined blends were in proportions of 5, 10, 15, and 20% by volume of fish oilbiodiesel.

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Pezo, Felipe, Fabiola Zambrano, Pamela Uribe, et al. "Oxidative and nitrosative stress in frozen-thawed pig spermatozoa. I: Protective effect of melatonin and butylhydroxytoluene on sperm function." Research in Veterinary Science 136 (May 2021): 143–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.02.006.

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Silvia Haydée Pérez Damonte, María Alejandra Moyano, Myriam Nuñez, and Adriana Inés Segall. "Effects of alpha-lipoic acid on the biomechanical properties of the skin." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 10, no. 2 (2021): 057–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2021.10.2.0169.

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Background: The Cutometer MPA 580® (Courage and Khazaka, Germany) is a well-established instrument for the accurate and reproducible measurement of the biomechanical properties of the skin. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of 4 formulations containing 2.5% and 5.0% of α-lipoic acid and ascorbic palmitate or butylhydroxytoluene on skin elasticity and firmness and to assess the equivalence between alternative parameters (Q0, Q1 and Q3) and the traditional parameters R0, R2, R5, R6, all determined with the same cutometer. Methods: Measure of in vivo firmness and elasticity of the skin was performed using R and Q parameters measured in the same device. Results: Different statistical analysis were applied to the results obtained from the parameters (Q0, Q1 and Q3) and the traditional parameters R0, R2, of the in vivo measurements after the application of the four formulations during 28 days. A correlation between both types of measurements was demonstrate. Conclusion: A four-week treatment with a cream containing 5% α-lipoic acid improves the biomechanical characteristics of the skin, thus contributing to the protection against photo-aging. Both methods of measurement proved to be equivalent.

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Trifani, R., Noverita, T. A. Hadi, and E. Sinaga. "Antibacterial activity of endosymbiotic fungi isolated from marine sponges collected from Kotok Kecil Island, Seribu Islands, Jakarta." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 948, no. 1 (2021): 012069. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/948/1/012069.

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Abstract Endosymbiont fungi from marine sponges are a rich source of medicinally active compounds. Indonesia has a huge number of marine sponges. This research was conducted to determine the antibacterial potential of endosymbiont fungi isolated from marine sponges collected from Kotok Kecil Island, Seribu Islands. The screening was conducted with two methods, the modified GIBEX and disc diffusion. Species of marine sponges were isolated, namely Petrosia sp., Stylissa carteri, Cinachyrella australiensis, Callyspongia sp., Petrosia nigrians, and Stylissa massa, and obtained 9 isolates of endosymbiont fungi. The GIBEX test against Escherichia coli and Streptococcus mutans showed that ethyl acetate extract had strongest antibacterial activity. Disc diffusion test of ethyl acetate extract, five isolates had antibacterial activity against S. mutans and four against E. coli. The isolate that showed the strongest antibacterial activity was from Petrosia sp. Which has an inhibition zone of 8.4 mm against E. coli and 7.45 mm against S. mutans. The main active compounds from the isolate of Petrosia sp. are butylhydroxytoluene and phthalic acid di-(2-propylpentyl) esters. Based on this study, we concluded that the endosymbiont fungi of marine sponges are potential to be developed for further development as source of antibacterial agents.

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Jonušaite, Kristina, Petras Rimantas Venskutonis, Gines Benito Martínez-Hernández, et al. "Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Effect of Plant Essential Oils and Sambucus nigra Extract in Salmon Burgers." Foods 10, no. 4 (2021): 776. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10040776.

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The antioxidant capacity of oregano (OEO) and clove (CLEO) essential oils and black elderberry (Sambucus nigra) flower extract (SNE) were compared with butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) regarding its protection against lipid peroxidation and microbial counts in salmon burgers stored at 4 °C for 14 days and after cooking. The content of total phenols was 5.74% in OEO, 2.64% in CLEO and 2.67 % in the SNE. The total phenolic content and the antioxidant capacity were significantly higher (p < 0.05) for SNE and OEO. Both essential oils showed a similar IC50 and inhibition percentage of lipid peroxidation to BHT. The combination of OEO and SNE reduced 29% of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), while BHT reduced 31% of TBARS generated during refrigeration storage in salmon burgers in relation to the control sample without antioxidants. Additionally, the microbial counts after 14 days of refrigeration were the lowest in burgers when the combination of OEO and SNE was used. This study concludes that OEO and SNE can be used as inhibitors of lipid oxidation in salmon products and as natural candidates to replace commonly used synthetic antioxidants and antimicrobials in these food products.

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Espindola, Priscilla Pereira de Toledo, Paola dos Santos da Rocha, Carlos Alexandre Carollo, et al. "Antioxidant and Antihyperlipidemic Effects ofCampomanesia adamantiumO. Berg Root." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2016 (2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7910340.

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Campomanesia adamantiumO. Berg, popularly known as guavira, has been used in Brazilian traditional medicine for reduction of serum lipid. The present study was carried out to investigate the antioxidant and antihyperlipidemic effects ofCampomanesia adamantiumroot aqueous extract (ExCA). Phenolic compounds were quantified in the ExCA and gallic and ellagic acids were identified by HPLC. ExCA showed efficiency in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging, with IC50similar to butylhydroxytoluene control, and protected the erythrocytes against lipid peroxidation induced by 2,2′-azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride, reducing generated malondialdehyde. Hyperlipidemic Wistar rats treated daily by gavage during eight weeks with ExCA (200 mg/kg of body weight) showed reduced serum level of total cholesterol and triglycerides, similar to normolipidemic rats and hyperlipidemic rats treated with simvastatin (30 mg/kg of body weight) and ciprofibrate (2 mg/kg of body weight). Moreover, the treatment with ExCA also decreased malondialdehyde serum level in the hyperlipidemic rats. The body weight and organ mass were unmodified by ExCA in hyperlipidemic rats, except an increase of liver mass; however, the hepatic enzymes, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, were unchanged. Together, these results confirm the potential value ofCampomanesia adamantiumroot for lowering lipid peroxidation and lipid serum level, improving risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases development.

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Novgorodov, S. A., E. V. Kultayeva, L. S. Yaguzhinsky, and V. V. Lemeshko. "Ion permeability induction by the SH cross-linking reagents in rat liver mitochondria is inhibited by the free radical scavenger, butylhydroxytoluene." Journal of Bioenergetics and Biomembranes 19, no. 3 (1987): 191–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00762412.

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Umemura, Takashi, Yukio Kodama, Kyoji Hioki, Tohru Inoue, Tatsuji Nomura, and Yuji Kurokawa. "Susceptibility to urethane carcinogenesis of transgenic mice carrying a human prototype c-Ha-ras gene (rasH2 mice) and its modification by butylhydroxytoluene." Cancer Letters 145, no. 1-2 (1999): 101–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-3835(99)00237-2.

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Salman, Salman, and Meutia Indriana. "SKIN EXTRACT OF GRAPE (Vitis vinifera L) AS DYES IN LIPSTICK FORMULATION." Journal of Pharmaceutical And Sciences 5, no. 1 (2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.36490/journal-jps.com.v5i1.90.

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Grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) belong to the family Vitaceae. The color of the fruit varies. There are red, green and purple. The color of this wine contains anthocyanin dyes that can be used as natural dyes to replace synthetic dyes, the colors they contain are pretty intensive, so the researchers aimed to make lipstick formulations using natural dyes from grape skins. The lipstick formulation consisted of Cera alba, lanolin, vaseline alba, cetyl alcohol, oleum ricini, carnauba wax, propylene glycol, titanium dioxide, oleum rosae, butylhydroxytoluene, tween 80, and nipagin, as well as the addition of grape skin extract with a concentration of 15 %, 20%, 25%, 30%, and 35%. Tests on the preparations made include inspection of homogeneity, melting point, lipstick strength, stability test against changes in shape, color, and odor during 30 days of storage at room temperature, smear test, pH examination, and irritation test preference test (Hedonic test). From the research results, grape skin extract can be formulated into lipstick preparations with pink to dark red colors. Lipstick preparations with grape skin extract as a dye are pretty stable, homogeneous, melting point 59°C, have good lipstick strength, pH ranges from 3.7 to 3.9 (close to the pH of the lip skin) are easy to apply with an even color, and do not irritate. Irritation the preparation preferred by 30 panelists was preparation with a concentration of 25%.

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Roveda, Ana Carolina, Ivan Pires de Oliveira, Anderson Rodrigues Lima Caires, Daniel Rinaldo, Valdir Souza Ferreira, and Magno Aparecido Gonçalves Trindade. "Improving butylhydroxytoluene activity with alternative secondary antioxidants: High synergistic effect in stabilizing biodiesel/diesel fuel blends in the presence of pro-oxidative metal." Industrial Crops and Products 178 (April 2022): 114558. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2022.114558.

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Aliouche, Lamia, Paul Mosset, Francisco León, et al. "Characterization of Chemical Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Centaurea solstitialis sp. schouwii (DC.) Q. et S. (Asteraceae)." Current Bioactive Compounds 16, no. 5 (2020): 618–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573407215666190213125259.

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Background: The antioxidant activity and the total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the derived extracts (chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol) of the 70% hydroalcoholic extract of the aerial parts of Centaurea solstitialis growing in Algeria was assessed. The active extracts were selected for phytochemical investigations. Methods: The antioxidant capabilities of the extracts were assessed using 1, 1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH•) scavenging and Cupric Ion Reducing Antioxidant Capacity (CUPRAC) assays. Butylhydroxyanisole (BHA), butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) and α –tocopherol were used as positive controls. The total phenolic content and total flavonoid content of the extracts were determined as gallic acid equivalents and quercetin equivalents, respectively. Chromatographic methods were used to isolate the secondary metabolites and spectrometric and spectroscopic methods were used to determine their chemical structures. Results: The ethyl acetate extract exhibited the highest antioxidant activities followed by the n-butanol extract. The highest phenolic and flavonoid contents were found in the n-butanol extract. Phytochemical study of the ethyl acetate and n-butanol extracts led to the isolation of an undescribed guaianolide named 3-(4-hydroxybenzoyl)-cynaratriol and a known sesquiterpene lactone along with three known flavonoid glycosides. Their structures were established by spectral analyzes mainly high resolution electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (HR-ESIMS) and 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance experiments. Conclusion: The extracts of aerial parts of C. solstitialis showed significant antioxidant activities. An undescribed sesquiterpene lactone and four known secondary metabolites were isolated from the most active extracts.

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Irigaray, Bruno, Ivan Jachmanian, and Maria A. Grompone. "Antioxidant Activity of a Oryzanols Concentrate by Differential Scanning Calorimetry." Journal of Food Research 7, no. 1 (2017): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jfr.v7n1p38.

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Oryzanols are natural antioxidants that are found in appreciable amounts in rice bran oil. However, by chemically refining the crude rice bran oil they are lost during the chemical neutralization step leaving the oil refined with very little oryzanols. The chemical neutralization leaves a residue called "soapstocks" where most of these antioxidants are found. From the soapstocks and by relatively simple procedures it is possible to obtain a oryzanols concentrate which may contain 33% of them. However, its antioxidant power has been little studied in oils compared to other natural antioxidants. Therefore, the present work gives information about the antioxidant power of a concentrate of oryzanols compared to natural antioxidants such as tocopherol and synthetic antioxidants such as butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) added in oils with different degrees of unsaturation and without antioxidants. The results determined by the differential scanning calorimetry method show that the antioxidant power was variable according to the method used. The tocopherol protected the oils from the oxidation at 130°C (soybean and high oleic sunflower) better than the oryzanols concentrate by the isothermal method. When the non-isothermal method was used it was found that the-tocopherol protected soybean oil better than oleic high sunflower oil compared to the oryzanols concentrate. However, when comparing BHT with oryzanols concentrate, BHT generally had a lower protection in both oils and both methods. These results show that the oryzanols concentrate has a protective effect of the oxidation of the studied oils, however, this could depend on the degree of the oil unsaturation.

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Llerena-Icochea, AE, RM Costa, AFS Borges, JFS Bombonatti, and AY Furuse. "Bonding Polycrystalline Zirconia With 10-MDP–containing Adhesives." Operative Dentistry 42, no. 3 (2017): 335–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2341/16-156-l.

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SUMMARY Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of adhesives with different 10-MDP concentrations on the shear bond strength of a resin cement to zirconia. Methods and Materials: Six experimental adhesives were prepared with the following composition: camphorquinone, 1,2-diaminobenzene, butylhydroxytoluene, diphenyliodonium hexafluorophosphate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate triethylene glycol dimethacrylate, ethoxylated bisphenol A glycol dimethacrylate, urethane dimethacrylate, bisphenol A diglycidyl methacrylate, and ethanol. The 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (10-MDP) monomer was added at 0wt%, 3wt%, 6wt%, 9wt%, 12wt%, or 15wt%. Three commercially available adhesives were evaluated: Single Bond Universal, Single Bond 2, and Signum Zirconia Bond. Resin cement cylinders made with RelyX Ultimate were bonded to yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal with one of the evaluated adhesives and were subjected to the shear bond strength evaluation. Failure modes were analyzed with a stereoscopic loupe. Statistical analyses were performed with one-way analysis of variance and the Tukey's Honestly Significant Difference test (α=0.05). Pearson's was used to correlate the percentage of 10-MDP in the experimental adhesives and shear bond strength. Results: There were significant differences between adhesives (p&lt;0.00001). The highest shear bond strength values were obtained with the Signum Zirconia Bond and Single Bond Universal. Single Bond 2 showed the lowest values. There were no differences between experimental adhesives. All groups showed adhesives failures. A nonlinear correlation was found between bond strength and percentage of 10-MDP in experimental adhesives (r=0.872). Conclusions: The commercially available adhesives indicated for bonding to zirconia showed the highest bonding values.

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Vandi, Vandza Luc, André Perfusion Amang, Christophe Mezui, et al. "Antihistaminergic and Anticholinergic Properties of the Root Bark Aqueous Extract of Diospyros mespiliformis (Ebenaceae) on Hypersecretion of Gastric Acid Induced in Wistar Rats." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2022 (January 31, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5190499.

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Objective. The objective of this study was to elucidate the antisecretory mechanism of the root bark aqueous extract of Diospyros mespiliformis (RBAEDM) in Wistar rats. Materials and methods. RBAEDM was tested on three experimental animal models of gastric acid hypersecretion including pyloric ligation (PL), PL with histamine, and carbachol pretreatments. The ulcerated surface, mucus mass, pH, gastric acidity, and pepsin activity were determined. Some bioactive compounds revealed by qualitative phytochemistry were quantified. Some markers of oxidative stress in vivo such as malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH), and in vitro antioxidant tests (ABTS: 2,2′-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid, DPPH: 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, and FRAP: ferric reducing antioxidant power) were determined. Results. In the three models studied, RBAEDM resulted in increases in the percentages of inhibition ranging from 9.50 to 59.52% of gastric ulcer and mucus mass. This increase was accompanied by the reduction in acidity and pepsin activity. The administration of RBAEDM resulted in a significant decrease ( p < 0.05 , p < 0.01 ) in MDA levels correlated with a significant increase ( p < 0.05 , p < 0.01 ) in CAT and nitrite levels compared with the negative control. RBAEDM has the ability to scavenge ABTS and DPPH radicals and to reduce FRAP, and the inhibitory concentration of 50% (IC50) of the ABTS radical was 220 μg/mL compared with the butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) control (175 μg/mL). Quantitative phytochemistry revealed abundant polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and anthocyanin. Conclusion. RBAEDM protected gastric mucous membrane for gastric acid by mechanisms that would involve both anticholinergic and antihistaminergic pathways.

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Kim, Ji In, Jun Hyun Lee, Dong Seong Choi, Bo Mi Won, Mun Yhung Jung та Jiyong Park. "Kinetic Study of the Quenching Reaction of Singlet Oxygen by Common Synthetic Antioxidants (tert-Butylhydroxyanisol,tert-di-Butylhydroxytoluene, andtert-Butylhydroquinone) as Compared with α-Tocopherol". Journal of Food Science 74, № 5 (2009): C362—C369. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2009.01160.x.

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Saavedra, Diana I., Benjamin D. Rencher, Doo-Hyun Kwon, Stacey J. Smith, Daniel H. Ess, and Merritt B. Andrus. "Synthesis and Computational Studies Demonstrate the Utility of an Intramolecular Styryl Diels–Alder Reaction and Di-t-butylhydroxytoluene Assisted [1,3]-Shift to Construct Anticancer dl-Deoxypodophyllotoxin." Journal of Organic Chemistry 83, no. 4 (2018): 2018–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.7b02957.

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Georgiev, Radoslav, Hristo Kalaydzhiev, Petya Ivanova, Cristina L. M. Silva, and Vesela I. Chalova. "Multifunctionality of Rapeseed Meal Protein Isolates Prepared by Sequential Isoelectric Precipitation." Foods 11, no. 4 (2022): 541. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11040541.

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Rapeseed meal is a by-product of the oil-producing industry with a currently underestimated application. Two protein isolates, PI2.5–8.5 or PI10.5–2.5, were obtained from industrial rapeseed meal after treatment with an aqueous ethanol solution. The alkaline-extracted proteins were sequentially precipitated by two different modes, from pH 10.5 to 2.5, and vice versa, from 2.5 to 8.5, with a step of 1 pH unit. The preparation approach influenced both the functional and antioxidant properties of the isolates. The PI10.5–2.5 exhibited higher water and oil absorption capacities than PI2.5–8.5, reaching 2.68 g H2O/g sample and 2.36 g oil/g sample, respectively. The emulsion stability of the PI2.5–8.5, evaluated after heating at 80 °C, was either 100% or close to 100% for all pH values studied (from 2 to 10), except for pH 6 where it reached 93.87%. For the PI10.5–2.5, decreases in the emulsion stability were observed at pH 8 (85.71%) and pH 10 (53.15%). In the entire concentration range, the PI10.5–2.5 exhibited a higher scavenging ability on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) and hydroxyl radicals than PI2.5–8.5 as evaluated by DPPH and 2-deoxyribose assays, respectively. At the highest concentration studied, 1.0%, the neutralization of DPPH radicals by PI10.5–2 reached half of that exhibited by synthetic antioxidant butylhydroxytoluene (82.65%). At the same concentration, the inhibition of hydroxyl radicals by PI10.5–2 (71.25%) was close to that achieved by mannitol (75.62%), which was used as a positive control. Established antioxidant capacities add value to the protein isolates that can thus be used as both emulsifiers and antioxidants.

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Yarema, Inna, Marianа Fedorovska, and Natalia Polovko. "DEVELOPMENT OF THE EMULGE LFOR THE ANDROGENIC ALOPECIA TREATMENT." EUREKA: Health Sciences 5 (September 30, 2020): 82–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2504-5679.2020.001427.

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Androgenic alopecia (AGA) is the most common alopecia that is heritable, androgen-dependent and occurs in both sexes with defined patterns such as Male pattern hair loss in men and Female pattern hair loss in women. AGA affects at least 50 % of men by the age of 50 years, and up to 70 % of all males in later life. The aim.The research was aimed to substantiate the optimal concentration of excipients and active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) of the emulgel intended for the topical treatment of androgenic alopecia. Materials and methods. In this study the samples of the emulgel bases containing different carbomer Ultrez10 concentrationsin the range of 0.3–0.6 % and its neutralizers (0.1 % of potassium sorbate and 0 % or 0.2 % of triethanolamine) were used. Colloidal and thermal stability, pH, rheological properties (structural viscosity, mechanical stability, degree of thixotropy) of these samples were determined. The emulgel samples with different percentages of the Serenoa repens dry extract and the Sophora japonica tincture were used in the biopharmaceutical studies. The samples of the emulgel with the antioxidant butylhydroxytoluene different concentrations (0 %, 0.01 %, 0.02 %, 0.03 %) were used to determine acid value during 1 year of the emulgel storage. Results and discussion. It was experimentally substantiated the optimal ratio of the emulgel ingredients that provide good APIs release and necessary consumer properties of the semi-solid remedy like application compliance, safety and storage stability. Conclusions. Physicochemical, rheological and biopharmaceutical properties of emulgel bases have been studied. It was found that the base №2 (in which the concentrations of Carbomer Ultraz 10, potassium sorbate and triethanolamine are 0.3 %, 0.1 %, 0.2 % respectively) possessed the optimal properties. Considering the results of the complete range of experimental research it was developed the final formulation of the emulgel intended for AGA treatment which included the concentration of the APIs, neutralizers, preservatives, antioxidant and fragrance.

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Freitas, Irene Rodrigues, Marília Gonçalves Cattelan, Mara Lina Rodrigues, Débora Maria Moreno Luzia, and Neuza Jorge. "Effect of grape seed extract (Vitis labrusca L.) on soybean oil under thermal oxidation." Nutrition & Food Science 47, no. 5 (2017): 610–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/nfs-04-2016-0050.

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Purpose This study aims to evaluate the effect of grape seed extract on the thermal oxidation of soybean oil. Design/methodology/approach Four treatments were used: soybean oil (SO), butylhydroxytoluene (BHT), antioxidant at concentration of 100 mg/kg in soybean oil (BHTSO), grape seed extract at a concentration of 100 mg/kg in soybean oil (Extract), and mixture at a concentration of 50 mg/kg of grape seed extract (Mixture) and 50 mg/kg of BHT in soybean oil subjected to 180°C for 20 h. The total phenolic compounds were quantified by spectrophotometry using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by the ABTS•+, DPPH• and FRAP acid systems. The fatty acid composition and phytosterols were determined by gas chromatography (GC) and tocopherols were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Findings Among the treatments studied, the Extract and the Mixture presented lower losses of total phenolic compounds, DPPH• and FRAP, while BHTSO had an opposite effect. After 10 h of heating, the Mixture and the Extract were more effective in reducing the formation decomposition products, measured by the amount of total polar compounds. The Mixture resulted in higher retention of essential fatty acids at the end of heating. The Extract and Mixture showed higher retention rates of total tocopherols and the Mixture resulted in 338.71 mg/100 g (P ≤ 0.05) of total phytosterol after 20 h of heating. Originality/value Oils undergoing the heating process suffer major changes, requiring the addition of antioxidant compounds. As a result of the questioning on the use of chemical additives, research on natural antioxidants, as substitute to the synthetic ones, is increasing. Among the natural compounds with high antioxidant potential, the grape wastes such as its seeds are highlighted. Studies using grape seed extract are scarce.

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Indriana, Meutia, and Salman Salman. "THE USE OF KESUMBA (Bixa orellana L.) FRUIT EXTRACT AS LIPSTICK COLORS." Journal of Pharmaceutical And Sciences 4, no. 2 (2022): 74–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.36490/journal-jps.com.v4i2.76.

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Recently, there have been hundreds of lip color cosmetics on the market in various colors. However, not all lip colors are safe to use. Without realizing it, there are lip dyes that contain dyes that are dangerous and are prohibited because they can cause irritation to the skin and respiratory tract. Therefore, it is better to use natural dyes. One of the sources of natural dyes is the fruit of kesumba. Extracts from simplicia of kesumba seeds were made by percolation using 96% ethanol as a solvent. The lipstick formulation formula consists of Cera alba, vaseline alba, lanolin, carnauba wax, cetyl alcohol, oleum ricini, propylene glycol, titanium dioxide, butylhydroxytoluene, tween 80, rose oil (oleum rosae), and nipagin, as well as the addition of kesumba seed extract with concentrations of 15%, 17.5%, 20%, 22.5%, and 25%. Tests on the preparations made included examination of the melting point, homogeneity, lipstick strength, stability test against changes in shape, color, and odor during 30 days of storage at room temperature, smear test, and pH examination, and irritation test preference test (Hedonic test). The results of the research that the extract of the kesumba fruit seed can be formulated in lipstick preparations with a light yellow to dark maroon color. The formulation of the kesumba seed extract in the lipstick preparation shows that the preparation is relatively stable homogeneous, the melting point is 58°C, has a good lipstick strength, the pH ranges from 6.3 to 5.7 (according to the pH of the skin) easy to apply with an even color. , does not irritate, so it is safe to use; the pretty preferred preparations are preparations 2, 3, and 4, namely the formula with extracts of kesumba seeds with concentrations of 17.5%, 20%, and 22.5%.

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Soubra, L., D. Sarkis, C. Hilan, and Ph Verger. "Dietary exposure of children and teenagers to benzoates, sulphites, butylhydroxyanisol (BHA) and butylhydroxytoluen (BHT) in Beirut (Lebanon)." Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology 47, no. 1 (2007): 68–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2006.07.005.

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Haddouchi, F., T. M. Chaouche, and N. Halla. "Screening phytochimique, activités antioxydantes et pouvoir hémolytique de quatre plantes sahariennes d’Algérie." Phytothérapie 16, S1 (2018): S254—S262. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/phyto-2019-0140.

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Les plantes spontanées sahariennes sont très caractéristiques par leur mode d’adaptation particulier à l’environnement désertique très contraignant à leur survie. Certaines espèces possèdent des propriétés pharmacologiques qui leur confèrent un intérêt médicinal. En Algérie, on cherche à mieux connaître le patrimoine des espèces spontanées utilisées en médecine traditionnelle ainsi que leurs principes actifs. C’est dans ce contexte qu’une étude phytochimique, antioxydante et hémolytique des extraits méthanoliques de quatre plantes de Tamanrasset est menée. Il s’agit d’Asteriscus graveolens, de Cymbopogon schoenanthus, de Panicum turgidum et de Pituranthos scoparius. À travers cette étude, nous avons mis en évidence l’existence des flavonoïdes, des tanins cathéchiques, des alcaloïdes et des saponosides dans ces plantes, à l’exception des alcaloïdes qui sont absents dans l’extrait de Cymbopogon schoenanthus. Les teneurs en polyphénols totaux sont plus élevées dans l’extrait d’Asteriscus graveolens (27,74 ± 0,15 mg EAG/g MS) par rapport aux autres extraits. Cependant, les teneurs en flavonoïdes et en tanins condensés, révélées par rapport à la catéchine, sont faibles dans ces espèces. L’activité antioxydante par la méthode de DPPH est plus importante pour l’extrait d’Asteriscus graveolens avec une valeur de CI50 de 26,97 ± 1,04 μg/ml suivi, respectivement, par ceux de Cymbopogon schoenanthus (56,83 ± 1,53 μg/ml) et de Pituranthos scoparius (73,73 ± 1,41 μg/ml). Ces trois extraits sont plus actifs par rapport au butylhydroxytoluène (BHT). En réduisant le fer, c’est l’extrait d’Asteriscus graveolens qui s’est révélé le plus actif avec une concentration de CE50 de 0,99 ± 0,05 mg/ml. Cette valeur reste faible comparativement au BHT. Le test d’hémolyse réalisé a montré que les quatre espèces présentent un effet hémolytique faible. Cependant, les extraits de Cymbopogon schoenanthus et de Panicum turgidum peuvent être légèrement hémolytiques à des concentrations élevées.

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Kanza, J., and A. Mellier. "Étude par spectrométrie infrarouge des effets du butylhydroxytoluène (BHT) sur la transition de phase principale des systèmes multilamellaires phosphatidylcholine/eau pleinement hydratés : influence de la durée de recuit." Journal de Chimie Physique 93 (1996): 2067–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jcp/1996932067.

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NASSAR, Hani, Tien-Min CHU, and Jeffrey PLATT. "Optimizing light-cured composite through variations in camphorquinone and butylhydroxytoluene concentrations." Brazilian Oral Research 30, no. 1 (2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-3107bor-2016.vol30.0066.

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GOUD, N. SRINIVAS, and GOBIND PRASAD. "ANTIOXIDANT, ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY AND TOTAL PHENOL AND FLAVONOIDS ANALYSIS OF SAMBUCUS NIGRA (ELDERBERRY)." International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research, January 10, 2020, 35–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijcpr.2020v12i1.36829.

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Objective: The goal of this study was paying attention on the chemical characterization of phytochemical compounds and their antioxidant activity of Sambucus nigra L. Methods: Phytochemical analysis was performed by Sambucus nigra L fruit extract. Total Phenol and Flavonoids content of elderberry fruit extract also determined using Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric method and aluminum chloride colorimetric method. Antibacterial activity was performed by disk diffusion method and Antioxidant capacity was investigated by DPPH assay, butylhydroxytoluene used as a standard. Results: The richest anthocyanin in elderberry fruits was cyanidin-3-O-sambubioside. The antioxidant capacity obtained for elderberry extract proved that elderberry shown highest antioxidant activity, being the richest anthocyanins. The antioxidant capacity of elderberry fruit methanolic extract was recorded 62.56±1.12 percentages of scavenging activity. We also investigated antibacterial activity against four species Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas putida, Bacillus cereus, and Staphylococcus aureus. There E. coli was recorded 12.0 mm and Pseudomonas putida was recorded 0.34 mm zone of inhibition. Conclusion: The conclusion of our study is that Sambucus nisgra fruit extract has very high antioxidant activity which makes it recommendable for food industry and dietary supplement.

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