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Journal articles on the topic 'C.E.C.D'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 September 2021

Last updated: 17 July 2025

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1

Lamoureux, Lucien. "L’Acte Unique Européen." Revue générale de droit 19, no. 4 (2019): 931–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1058504ar.

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La construction européenne remonte déjà à plusieurs années et plus d’une convention et traité furent élaborés afin d’unifier leurs efforts. Sous l’Europe des Six, nous avons vu naître la Communauté européenne du Charbon et de l’Acier (C.E.C.A.), la Communauté européenne de L’Énergie atomique (C.E.E.A., Euratom) et la Communauté économique européenne (C.E.E., Marché commun). Aujourd’hui, les efforts sont concentrés à l’élaboration de L’Acte Unique Européen. Le but poursuivi est l’établissement des Douze ou, sous un autre nom, les États-Unis d’Europe. La philosophie de cet Acte est claire : les communautés européennes et la coopération politique européenne ont pour objectif « de contribuer ensemble à faire progresser concrètement l’union européenne ». On retrouve également dans cet Acte une nouveauté : pour la première fois, le Conseil européen aura un fondement juridique. Il y aura également d’importantes modifications au niveau de la fonction de la Cour de justice. On assistera à de profondes modifications à l’intérieur des territoires faisant partie de l’Acte. La libre circulation des marchandises, des personnes, des services et des capitaux fait partie des innovations. En somme, un espace sans frontières intérieures qui regroupe sous un même chapiteau plusieurs pays ayant des objectifs communs. L’Acte unique est l’accessoire leur permettant d’atteindre cet objectif.

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Maimagani, Sanusi Sani, Roshida Abdul Majid, and Leng Pau Chung. "Evaluation of Thermal Admittance of Compressed Earth Bricks C.E.B Configurations for School Buildings in Hot-dry climate region of North-western Nigeria." International Journal of Built Environment and Sustainability 10, no. 1 (2022): 73–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/ijbes.v10.n1.1069.

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Permeation of heat into the school building enclosure through external walls components of the building resulting into the numerous consequences which causes unhealthy indoor living conditions for teaching and learning activities, which has a negative impacts on the students general academic performance and their productivity, the study carried out a fieldwork experimentation where four experimental models (chambers) were built using four dissimilar compressed earth (C.E.B) configurations; compressed earth horizontal hollow brick (C.E.H.H.B), compressed earth vertical hollow brick (C.E.V.H.B), compressed earth cellular brick (C.E.C.B), and compressed earth solid brick (C.E.S.B) respectively, data were collected from fieldwork experimental chambers using two distinct wall surface temperature measuring devices; an onset UX120-M600 4-channel analogue data logger and Testo 835 Infrared thermometer which were utilized to measure the interior wall surface temperature facing the west direction of each experimental chamber to determine the rate of thermal admittance of the entire chambers built with distinct C.E.B configurations, the extracted data using surface temperature measuring instrument were analyzed using the spss software package for identification of the C.E.B configurations with the least thermal permeation from outdoor environment to indoor space of the school building via external walls of the building. After the statistical analysis, the study's outcome revealed that compressed earth horizontal hollow brick (C.E.H.H.B) has a minimum heat transfer rate of (34.933OC) and (35.7493OC), among other C.E.B configurations. This undoubtedly indicated the appropriate C.E.B configurations for school buildings in hot-dry climate regions of northwestern Nigeria.

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Paitazoglou, Christina, Martin W. Bergmann, Denis Losik, Evgeny Pokushalov, Vitaly Shabanov, and Alexander Romanov. "Intramyocardial injections of erythropoietin-analogue C.E.R.A. in ischemic cardiomyopathy: the ALSTER C.E.R.A. trial." Journal of Cardiology & Current Research 15, no. 2 (2022): 36–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/jccr.2022.15.00549.

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Objectives: Erythropoietin (EPO) improved cardiac regeneration in experimental models of ischemic heart disease. A pilot trial found subcutaneously administered EPO to improve surrogate markers of left ventricular (LV) function in ischemic cardiomyopathy. This clinical study tests the feasibility and safety of the intramyocardial delivery route of a long-acting EPO-analogue (C.E.R.A.) in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy. Methods: The ALSTER C.E.R.A. trial was a Phase II, open label, 1:1 randomized, single-center study testing intramyocardial injections of long-acting EPO analogue C.E.R.A. (C.E.R.A. NOGA: once 180 µg) using the NOGA XP system versus the subcutaneous application (C.E.R.A. SC: 30µg s.c./month for 6 months) in 59 symptomatic chronic heart failure (HF) patients with impaired LV function (ejection fraction (EF) £ 45%). Results: Follow-up up to three years with both clinical and imaging endpoints found intramyocardial delivery of C.E.R.A. to be feasible, safe and to possibly attenuate LV remodeling. Patients in the C.E.R.A. NOGA group showed stable parameter for LV end-diastolic diameter and volume (LVEDD and LVEDV), while C.E.R.A. SC patients had significant dilation of the LV (C.E.R.A. NOGA vs. SC, mean ± standard error of the mean: DLVEDD 0.02±0.1mm, p=0.8 vs. 0.3±0.09mm, p=0.0026; DLVEDV 10±15.9ml, p=0.5 vs. 34.8±11.3ml, p=0.0081; ∆EF 2.4±1.2%, p=0.045 vs. -1.6±1.1, p=0.1 respectively). NYHA class significantly improved and the hospitalization rate was numerically reduced in the C.E.R.A. NOGA group, while three-year mortality was identical. Conclusions: Intramyocardial injection of C.E.R.A. is feasible, safe and possibly attenuates LV remodeling in ischemic HF patients with LV dysfunction compared to the systemic application.

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De Cock, Erwin, Persefoni Kritikou, Simona Ravera, and Armando Filippini. "Time Savings with Once-Monthly C.E.R.A.: A Time and Motion Study Conducted in 13 Haemodialysis Centres in Italy." Blood Purification 40, no. 2 (2015): 173–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000437133.

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Background: We sought to document the time required by health care professionals to administer erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) and continuous erythropoiesis receptor activator (C.E.R.A.) in the management of renal anaemia. Methods: A Time and Motion study was conducted in 13 centres in Italy. The time spent on preparation, distribution, and injection for both ESA and C.E.R.A. groups was measured. A multilevel model was run to account for the centre-clustering effect. Results: The average number of ESA injections/patient/year was 89. The average uptake of C.E.R.A. was 26%. The average time per session was 1.54 min for ESA (95% CI 1.21-1.86) vs. 1.64 min for C.E.R.A. (95% CI 1.31-1.97). Estimated time/patient/year was 137 min for ESA and 20 min for C.E.R.A. Assuming a 100% uptake of C.E.R.A., annual time savings/centre would be 84% (194 h). Conclusions: Substantial annual time savings on frequent anaemia management-related tasks were found when a switchover was made from ESAs to C.E.R.A.

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Jarsch, M., M. Brandt, M. Kubbies, and A. Haselbeck. "C.E.R.A. Acts Differently at the Erythropoietin (EPO) Receptor Compared with Epoetin Beta: UT-7 and CD34+ Cell Stimulation Assays." Blood 108, no. 11 (2006): 4206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v108.11.4206.4206.

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Abstract Continuous Erythropoietin Receptor Activator (C.E.R.A.), an innovative erythropoietic agent with unique receptor activity, is currently in development to provide correction of anemia and stable maintenance of hemoglobin (Hb) levels at extended administration intervals up to once monthly in patients with all stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and is also in development for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced anemia. In vitro studies show that C.E.R.A. has a 45-fold lower affinity for the EPO receptor than epoetin beta, due mainly to a reduced association rate. To further investigate the in vitro activity of C.E.R.A., two cell stimulation studies were undertaken. Study 1 evaluated an assay for the analysis of the molecular mechanism of C.E.R.A.- and epoetin beta-mediated cell activation. UT-7 cells were activated with C.E.R.A. or epoetin beta for 72 h or 96 h, followed by WST (tetrazolium salt) staining and spectrophotometric detection. UT-7 is a human myeloid leukemia cell line expressing the EPO receptor, and has growth dependency on EPO if no other growth factors are present. Results showed that the EC50 (concentration giving half maximal stimulation) value was approximately 10-fold higher for C.E.R.A. (range 300–400 pM) than for epoetin beta (30–60 pM). Maximal activation of UT-7 cells was achieved at C.E.R.A. 1000–2000 pM and epoetin beta 100–200 pM, but the maximal stimulation of cells was similar for both agents. Study 2 investigated the effects of C.E.R.A. and epoetin beta on stimulation of the proliferation and differentiation of human CD34+ cells. Human CD34+ stem cells from cord blood and bone marrow were cultivated with C.E.R.A. or epoetin beta for 8–14 days. After labeling, using fluorescence-tagged antibodies to proteins specific for erythroid cells (glycophorin A) and other blood cell types (CD13, CD14, CD16, CD41, CD42b, and CD61), cells were analyzed using three-color flow cytometry with a FACScan instrument (Becton Dickinson, CA). The maximal number of glycophorin A positive cells at plateau phase was used for EC50 calculation. Following stimulation of CD34+ cells, glycophorin A+ cells increased to a similar level with C.E.R.A. and epoetin beta. This stimulation was specific for erythroid precursors since the differentiation of white blood cells and megakaryocytes was not affected by C.E.R.A. or epoetin beta. Notably, mean EC50 values were 43.4-fold higher with C.E.R.A. (2.807 nM) than with epoetin beta (0.076 nM). In conclusion, C.E.R.A. and epoetin beta activate UT-7 cells and induce differentiation and expansion of CD34+ cells. These studies provide further evidence that C.E.R.A. has different EPO receptor binding properties compared with epoetin beta and demonstrate its specificity for the red blood cell line. Preclinical studies have shown that these properties translate into more continuous stimulation of erythropoiesis in vivo compared with epoetin beta and Phase III data indicate that C.E.R.A. achieved and maintained stable Hb levels in all patients with CKD.

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Jarsch, M., M. Brandt, and A. Haselbeck. "Consumption of C.E.R.A. and Epoetin Beta in a Cellular Assay: UT-7 Consumption Model." Blood 108, no. 11 (2006): 1578. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v108.11.1578.1578.

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Abstract Continuous Erythropoietin Receptor Activator (C.E.R.A.), an innovative erythropoietic agent with unique receptor activity, is currently in development to provide correction of anemia and stable maintenance of hemoglobin (Hb) levels at extended administration intervals up to once monthly in patients with all stages of chronic kidney disease, and is also in development for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced anemia. C.E.R.A. has an equivalent half-life in humans of approximately 130 h following subcutaneous or intravenous administration. Clearance of erythropoietic agents may occur by binding, internalization and degradation in receptor bearing cells in the bone marrow. A functional assay was developed to evaluate the consumption of C.E.R.A. and epoetin beta in a UT-7 cellular system (a human acute myeloid leukemia cell line whose growth is dependent on the presence erythropoietic and other growth factors). UT-7 cells were incubated in the presence of C.E.R.A. (1000 pM) or epoetin beta (100 pM) for 72, 96 or 120 h. The cell supernatants were then harvested and the amounts of remaining growth factor were determined by a validated erythropoietin ELISA. As controls, the growth factors were incubated for the same times in medium only. Five independent identical experiments were conducted for each compound. Mean percentages of C.E.R.A. and epoetin beta were calculated relative to the control values (set at 100%). C.E.R.A. 1000 pM and epoetin beta 100 pM were shown to be equipotent, stimulating the proliferation of UT-7 cells to the same degree. There was a highly significant difference (P=1.9×10−9) between C.E.R.A. and epoetin beta for the time course of concentrations relative to controls. For epoetin beta 100 pM, the relative concentration decreased significantly over time, while for C.E.R.A. 1000 pM no statistically significant changes were observed. Thus, C.E.R.A. was still present in the culture supernatant at close to 100% after 4–5 days’ incubation, while the epoetin beta concentration had declined to approximately 20%. In conclusion, at the end of the incubation time the C.E.R.A. concentration was still sufficient to maintain the initial level of cell stimulation. However, at the end of the 96 h incubation the epoetin beta concentration dropped to a level that was insufficient to produce further stimulation. The UT-7 consumption model thus emulates the in vivo situation in humans with regard to receptor mediated elimination of the compounds and stimulation of erythroid progenitors. This study provides further evidence that C.E.R.A. interacts differently with the erythropoietin receptor relative to epoetin beta. Preclinical studies have shown that these properties translate into more continuous stimulation of erythropoiesis in vivo compared with epoetin beta and Phase III data indicate that C.E.R.A. allows predictable Hb maintenance in direct conversion from more frequently dosed agents.

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Sasaki, Yusuke, Mariko Noguchi-Sasaki, Yukari Matsuo, et al. "Initial Change Of Iron Metabolic Flux Prior To Differentiation Of Erythroid Progenitors After Epoetin Beta Pegol (C.E.R.A.) Treatment." Blood 122, no. 21 (2013): 3444. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v122.21.3444.3444.

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Abstract Introduction Erythropoiesis and iron metabolism are inextricably linked. Developing immature erythroblasts have an extremely high iron requirement, especially during hemoglobin synthesis. Hepcidin, which inhibits iron efflux by binding to iron exporter ferroportin, is suppressed to promote the supply of required iron. Suppression of hepcidin after erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA) treatment is mainly in an indirect manner, especially via erythropoietic activity, but the nature of suppressive mechanism of hepcidin is still unknown. Epoetin beta pegol (C.E.R.A.) is a novel long-acting ESA, which potentially has intensive and continuous effects on reduction of hepcidin. In the present study, we investigated change of iron metabolic flux associated with enhanced erythropoiesis by C.E.R.A. to analyze the mechanism underlying suppression of hepcidin. Methods Initial change of iron metabolism was analyzed in C57BL/6N mice intravenously treated with 10 μg/kg of C.E.R.A. or vehicle. Hematological indices such as reticulocyte counts and iron indices including serum hepcidin and iron levels were measured. Reticulocyte hemoglobin equivalent (Ret-He) which reflects the iron status of reticulocyte was also determined. Ter119 and transferrin receptor (CD71) expression on bone marrow cells was evaluated by flow cytometry for analysis of the maturation status of bone marrow erythroblasts. Results C.E.R.A. suppressed serum hepcidin levels after 9 hours, while serum iron levels were significantly decreased at 9 hours followed by recovery to the control levels at 24 hours. Ter119(+)CD71(high) immature erythroblasts were decreased and CD71 expression levels on the same cells were increased at 9 hours after C.E.R.A. treatment. C.E.R.A. elevated reticulocyte counts and Ret-He levels at 48 hours. Discussion and Conclusion Transient decrease in serum iron levels and continuous suppression of serum hepcidin levels were observed in early phase after C.E.R.A. treatment, prior to increase in erythroblasts through proliferation and differentiation of erythroid progenitors. Furthermore, considering decrease in immature erythroblasts followed by increase in hemoglobin-rich reticulocytes, it is possible that initial change of iron metabolic flux occurred by the accelerated iron incorporation into immature erythroblasts through CD71 recycling after C.E.R.A. treatment. These results suggest that sensing initial change of iron metabolic flux leads to suppression of hepcidin after C.E.R.A. treatment, but further analysis is needed for the mechanism of increase in iron absorption into immature erythroblasts immediately after C.E.R.A. treatment independent of differentiation of erythroid progenitors. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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Budde, Klemens, Thomas Rath, and Volker Kliem. "Anemia Control in Kidney Transplant Recipients Using Once-Monthly Continuous Erythropoietin Receptor Activator: A Prospective, Observational Study." Journal of Transplantation 2014 (2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/179705.

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In a multicenter, prospective, observational study of 279 kidney transplant recipients with anemia, the efficacy and safety of once-monthly continuous erythropoietin receptor activator (C.E.R.A.) were assessed to a maximum of 15 months. The main efficacy variable was the proportion of patients achieving a hemoglobin level of 11-12 g/dL at each of visits between months 7 and 9. At study entry, 224 patients (80.3%) were receiving erythropoiesis stimulating agent (ESA) therapy including darbepoetin alfa (98), epoetin beta (61), and C.E.R.A. (45). The mean (SD) time between C.E.R.A. applications was 34.0 (11.9) days. Among 193 patients for whom efficacy data were available, mean (SD) hemoglobin was 11.1 (0.99) g/dL at study entry, 11.5 (1.1) g/dL at month 7, 11.6 (1.3) g/dL at month 9, and 11.4 (1.1) g/dL at month 15. During months 7–9, 20.7% of patients had all hemoglobin values within the range 11-12 g/dL and 64.8% were within 10–13 g/dL. Seven patients (2.5%) discontinued C.E.R.A. due to adverse events or serious adverse events. In this observational trial under real-life conditions, once-monthly C.E.R.A. therapy achieved stable hemoglobin levels in stable kidney transplant recipients with good tolerability, and with no requirement for any dose change in 43% of patients.

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Chanu, P., A. Weichert, F. Schaefer, S. Meyer Reigner, B. Reigner, and N. Frey. "P17 Clinical evidence supported by a model-based approach and real world data for the development of c.e.r.a. (continuous erythropoietin receptor activator) in pediatric patients with anemia due to chronic kidney disease." Archives of Disease in Childhood 104, no. 6 (2019): e24.1-e24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2019-esdppp.56.

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BackgroundC.E.R.A. indicated in Chronic Kidney Disease adult patients to correct and maintain hemoglobin (Hb) levels is approved in Europe and US since 2007; pediatric development is ongoing. A 20-week open-label Phase II study (NH19707) of intravenous (IV) C.E.R.A. in patients aged 5–17 years was conducted and data collected was analysed with adult data1. Objectives were to determine the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) characteristics of C.E.R.A. in a broad population, to simulate treatment outcomes of C.E.R.A. administered IV and subcutaneous (SC) in pediatric patients and compare them to NH19707 data and Real World Data (RWD).MethodsPK and Hb data from 63 pediatric patients were pooled with 400 adult patients IV and SC data and analysed using models previously developed in adults2. Simulations of treatment outcomes with C.E.R.A. administered IV and SC were performed. Assumptions on SC bioavailability in pediatric patients were based on previous darbepoetin data3. Model inferences were challenged versus RWD obtained in 158 pediatric patients receiving C.E.R.A. SC (N=126) or IV (N=32) from registries maintained by the International Pediatric Dialysis Network (IPDN, www.pedpd.org).ResultsThe adult PK and PK/PD models adequately described the pediatric data and indicated a similar exposure-response relationship in both populations. C.E.R.A. doses were adjusted to Hb levels during the simulation process to reflect clinical practice; simulated Hb levels matched observations. Furthermore, simulated median monthly C.E.R.A. doses following Hb stabilization were 105 µg (95% prediction interval 72–159 µg) for SC and 84 µg (60–123 µg) for IV, in good agreement with those reported in the IPDN registry: 100 µg and 80.4 µg, respectively.ConclusionThe PK/PD characteristics of C.E.R.A. are similar between adult and pediatric populations. Simulations of clinical outcomes in accordance with clinical trial data and RWD provided sufficient clinical evidence to support pediatric plans optimization subsequently approved by FDA and EMA.References1.Fischbach M, Wühl E, Reigner SCM, Morgan Z, Schaefer F. Efficacy and long-term safety of C.E.R.A. maintenance in pediatric hemodialysis patients with anemia of CKD. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2018;13(1):81–90.Chanu P, Gieschke R, Charoin JE, Pannier A, Reigner B. Population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model for C.E.R.A. in both ESA-naïve and ESA-treated CKD patients with renal anemia. Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. J Clin Pharmacol. 2010;50(5):507–520.3.Amgen Inc. ARANESP® (darbepoetin alfa) prescribing information.Disclosure(s)Chanu P is employee and holds stocks in F Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, was employee of Certara Consulting Services, Certara, Princeton, NJ, USA and contractor to F Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd at the time of this work. Weichert A is employee of F Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. Schaefer F has received consulting and speaker honoraria from F Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. Meyer Reigner S is employee of F Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. Reigner B is employee and holds stocks in F Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. Frey N is employee of F Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd.

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Matsuo-Tezuka, Yukari, Mariko Noguchi-Sasaki, Mitsue Kurasawa, Keigo Yorozu, and Yasushi Shimonaka. "Tissue-Specific Regulation of Iron Release in Response to Body Iron Status Under Erythropoietic Stimulation." Blood 126, no. 23 (2015): 2148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.2148.2148.

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Abstract Introduction: In a previous study, we demonstrated that dietary iron uptake and mobilization of stored iron are both up-regulated through suppression of serum hepcidin levels during erythropoietic stimulation by administration of Epoetin beta pegol (C.E.R.A.), a long-acting erythropoiesis-stimulating agent. It was also demonstrated that up-regulation of ferroportin (FPN) in reticuloendothelial macrophages and up-regulation of divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) and FPN in enterocytes are followed by hepcidin suppression; however, the quantitative contribution of dietary iron for erythropoiesis were undetermined. In this study, we investigated how utilization of dietary iron for erythropoiesis is regulated under erythropoietic stimulation by C.E.R.A. in mice with different body iron status. To quantitatively estimate utilization of dietary iron for hemoglobin synthesis, we used a dietary iron tracing method using the stable iron isotope 57Fe. Methods: To assess dietary iron-derived hemoglobin synthesis, a diet containing 200 ppm of 57Fe instead of natural iron (57Fe-diet) was used. A diet containing 200 ppm of natural iron (native Fe diet) was used as a control. C57BL/6NCrl mice were fed the native Fe diet and were intravenously administered 0.5 or 1.0 mg/mouse of iron dextran (iron-loaded condition) or dextran (control). Five days after iron loading, the diet was switched to the 57Fe-diet immediately after intravenous injection of 10 µg/kg of C.E.R.A. or vehicle. On Day 5 and 8 after C.E.R.A. treatment, mice were euthanized by exsanguination under anesthesia with isoflurane, and hemoglobin levels were measured. Expression levels of DMT1 and FPN in control and iron-loaded mice (1.0 mg/mouse) on Day 5 were estimated by immunohistochemistry. Serum hepcidin levels on Day 5 were also measured by liquid column chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). To quantify dietary iron-derived hemoglobin synthesis, the content of hemoglobin containing 57Fe (57Fe-hemoglobin) was measured on Day 8 by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Results: Hemoglobin levels on Day 8 were significantly higher in the C.E.R.A.-treated groups than in the vehicle-treated groups for each iron conditions. In the C.E.R.A.-treated groups, although iron loading did not affect hemoglobin levels, 57Fe-hemoglobin levels were significantly decreased with iron loading. The serum hepcidin levels were significantly suppressed in each of the C.E.R.A.-treated groups. However, iron loading increased serum hepcidin levels on Day 5 in both the vehicle- and C.E.R.A.-treated groups. The expression levels of hepatic and splenic iron exporter FPN were not significantly changed by iron loading in the C.E.R.A.-treated group. In contrast, the expression levels of intestinal iron transporters DMT1 and FPN were significantly reduced by iron loading in the C.E.R.A.-treated group. Conclusion: Iron loading reduced utilization of dietary iron for hemoglobin synthesis under erythropoietic stimulation by C.E.R.A. treatment. However, iron loading did not affect total hemoglobin levels, indicating that the contribution of dietary iron and stored iron for erythropoiesis is properly controlled in response to body iron status. This was attributed to the tissue-specific regulatory mechanisms of iron transporters in iron absorptive tissue (intestine) and iron storage tissue (liver and spleen) in response to iron loading even FPN on both tissues is known to be commonly down-regulated by hepcidin-binding. Sensitive inactivation of iron importers and exporters in the duodenum under conditions of iron loading may effectively contribute to iron not being excessively incorporated under erythropoietic stimulation. Disclosures Noguchi-Sasaki: Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.: Employment. Kurasawa:Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.: Employment. Yorozu:Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.: Employment. Shimonaka:Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.: Employment.

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Fischbach, Michel, Elke Wühl, Sylvie C. Meyer Reigner, Zoe Morgan, and Franz Schaefer. "Efficacy and Long-Term Safety of C.E.R.A. Maintenance in Pediatric Hemodialysis Patients with Anemia of CKD." Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 13, no. 1 (2017): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2215/cjn.03570417.

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Background and objectivesThe study was conducted to identify a conversion factor for switching from previous erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) to continuous erythropoietin receptor activator–methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin beta (C.E.R.A.) and to document the efficacy and long-term safety of C.E.R.A. in pediatric patients with anemia of CKD undergoing hemodialysis.Design, setting, participants, & measurementsIn this open-label, multicenter study, patients aged 6–17 years, with stable chronic anemia of CKD, undergoing hemodialysis received C.E.R.A. every 4 weeks, at a starting dose determined by previous weekly epoetin alfa/beta or darbepoetin dosing. After a 16-week dose-titration and a 4-week evaluation period, patients with stable hemoglobin could enter a 1-year optional safety extension.ResultsA total of 64 patients were enrolled. A conversion factor (4 µg every 4 weeks for each weekly dose of 125 IU epoetin alfa/beta or 0.55 µg darbepoetin) was identified that allowed patients to maintain hemoglobin within target levels on switching to C.E.R.A. from another ESA. Using this conversion factor, the adjusted mean change in hemoglobin from baseline to evaluation was −0.09 g/dl (95% confidence interval, −0.45 to 0.26); 81% of patients maintained hemoglobin within 10.0–12.0 g/dl and 75% maintained hemoglobin within 1.0 g/dl of baseline. Results were consistent across age groups (6–11 and 12–17 years) and previous ESA. Thirty-seven patients entered the safety extension period and 17 completed 73 weeks of treatment. Most withdrawals were for kidney transplantation. A total of 70% of patients had hemoglobin within 10.0–12.0 g/dl at last observation, and 62% were within ±1.0 g/dl of baseline. Safety was similar to studies in adult patients, with no new signal detected.ConclusionsUsing a defined conversion factor, 4-weekly C.E.R.A. was efficacious in maintaining hemoglobin levels in pediatric patients with stable anemia of CKD undergoing hemodialysis, switching from maintenance treatment with epoetin alfa/beta or darbepoetin. Safety was consistent with the known C.E.R.A. safety profile in adults.

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Sasaki, Yusuke, Mariko Noguchi-Sasaki, Ken Aizawa, et al. "Continuous Erythropoietin Receptor Activator Enhances Iron Metabolism by Hepcidin Down-Regulation and Maintains Stable Hemoglobin Levels by Controlling Maturation Rate of Erythroid-Lineage Cells." Blood 118, no. 21 (2011): 1031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.1031.1031.

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Abstract Abstract 1031 Background and aims. Continuous Erythropoietin Receptor Activator (C.E.R.A.) is a chemically synthesized erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESA) and differs from epoetin-beta (EPO) through the integration of an amide bond between an amino group of EPO and a specific, linear methoxy polyethylene glycol. Hematopoietic progenitor cells are known to show dynamic changes after ESA administration through erythropoietin signaling. It is also well known that C.E.R.A. increases the number of red blood cells and hemoglobin (Hb) levels and provides stable control of Hb levels in clinical and nonclinical studies, but the effects of C.E.R.A. on the maturation of erythroid-lineage cells and iron metabolism are still unclear. In the present study, we analyzed these effects to extract features of C.E.R.A. against EPO, existing ESA. Methods. C.E.R.A. was administered intravenously into male 8-weeks old C57BL/6 mice at 2 (C2) or 10 (C10) μg/kg in a single injection, and EPO was also administrated intravenously into the same conditioned mice at 0.8 (E0.8) or 2 (E2) μg/kg with 5 day continuous injection. Mice sera and bone marrow cells were collected on 0, 2, 5, 8, 11, and 14 days after first administration. Hematological parameters and serum iron concentrations were analyzed, and mouse serum hepcidin concentrations were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method. We also analyzed the maturation of erythroid-lineage cells in bone marrow by flow cytometry technique, staining TER-119, transferring receptor (CD71), 7-Amino-Actinomycin D (7-AAD) and annexin V. Results. While Hb levels reached a maximum level on 5th day after first administration and then decreased in C2, E0.8 and E2 groups, high Hb levels were maintained after 5th day in C10 group. In this C10 group, mouse serum hepcidin concentrations were effectively down-regulated until 8th day after first administration, and serum iron concentrations also dropped to the lowest level on 5th day and then recovered. Interestingly, relatively-small erythroid-lineage cells were detected according to forward scatter (FSC) data by flow cytometry on 5th day in C10, which reflects transient iron-insufficient condition. TER-119 and CD71 were expressed on the surface of these small cells, and 7-AAD and annexin V were not. The percent of these TER-119(+) and CD71(+) cells which are at intermediate stage of erythroid-lineage cells maturation was increased and maintained continually in C10 group. Additionally, the percent of TER-119(+) and CD71 (−) cells which are at late stage of erythroid-lineage cells maturation in bone marrow was elevated sustainably and moderately. Discussion and Conclusions. These results strongly indicate that C.E.R.A. maintains stable Hb levels by enhancing iron metabolism and controlling maturation rate of erythroid-lineage cells with fewer administrations than EPO. Our previous study showed that EPO treatment mainly down-regulated serum hepcidin concentrations by indirect mechanisms through the involvement of bone marrow cells. Furthermore the present study suggests that C.E.R.A. down-regulates serum hepcidin concentrations more effectively than EPO, and promotes more effective use of iron storage for hematopoiesis. It is revealed that C.E.R.A. controls maturation rate of erythroid-lineage cells in association with enhancement of iron metabolism and provides stable control of Hb levels. It is possible to functional iron-insufficient state undermines the efficacy of C.E.R.A. treatment, but further investigation is needed. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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Skodras, George, Paris Kokorotsikos, and Maria Serafidou. "Cation exchange capability and reactivity of low-rank coal and chars." Open Chemistry 12, no. 1 (2014): 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11532-013-0346-9.

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AbstractIn this work the C.E.C. and its effect on the reactivity of low rank coal and chars were investigated. The C.E.C. was measured by potentiometric titration and was correlated with the solution pH, the carbonization extent and the oxygen content. Coal and chars presented permanent C.E.C. primarily derived from inorganic sites and was independent of solution pH, and variable C.E.C. derived from organic matter and was increased continuously, and reversibly, as the solution pH increased. The latter is due to the complete dissociation of the carboxylic groups of the organic matter of the coal and, thus, the C.E.C. is directly related with the oxygen content. The C.E.C. of chars decreased with the carbonization extents and its variation was described by a modified cumulative distribution function of the Weibull probability density function. A linear correlation was identified between the C.E.C. and the elemental oxygen conversion, justifying further the direct relation between the C.E.C. and the oxygen functional groups. Following the decrease of the C.E.C., the potassium chemisorption capacity of the chars also decreased. Chars of decreased C.E.C. were less reactive during CO2 gasification and reduced maximum weight loss and CO formation rates were obtained, also shifted at higher temperatures.

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Spinu, Oleg. "Scope of application of Art. 3 and Art. 14 in the jurisprudence of C.E.D.O. in the case of vulnerable groups." Vector European, no. 2 (November 2023): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.52507/2345-1106.2023-2.07.

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The paper is devoted to the scope of application of art. 3 and art. 14 of C.E.D.O. jurisprudence, namely the principle of non-discrimination in public international law, which highlights some of the numerous cases of discrimination treated so far by the major international monitoring bodies. Primary attention being given to judicial or quasi-judicial bodies. Of particular interest and purpose of this research is the analysis of C.E.D.O jurisprudence which clearly indicates the path to be followed in other, much more serious situations, and the establishment of universal legal criteria, which can and must guide both parliamentarians and legal professions in drafting laws and in the practical application of the right to equality and the prohibition of discrimination.

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Garde, Murray. "The Maningrida Outstation Schools Radio Program." Aboriginal Child at School 19, no. 2 (1991): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0310582200007392.

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Children living on a number of remote outstations or homeland centres in Central Arnhem Land have had access to European style education for nearly twenty years now. The Northern Territory Education Department employs visiting teachers who make regular visits to some outstations to work with Aboriginal teachers and children in these small ‘remote’ communities. The visiting teachers mostly live in a central larger community and use the central hub school as their base. A number of these hub schools or C.E.C.s now have homeland centre education resource buildings which provide the base for the provision of educational services to homeland centre schools.

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Centro de Estudios en Ciencias y Humanidades. "Memorias del Primer Encuentro del Laboratorio de Ideasdel Centro de Estudios en Ciencias y Humanidades." Revista Ciencias y Humanidades 2, no. 2 (2025): 135–43. https://doi.org/10.61497/4q6pt083.

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Opening spaces for dialogue and discussion on topics relevant to the interests of the researchers at the C.E.C.y H., and pertinent to academic and research deliberation, is one of the objectives of the Center for Studies in Sciences and Humanities. In pursuit of this goal, the Center’s Ideas Lab was established, with its first meeting held on May 6, 2016.This, the first report of the Ideas Lab, is published in the Revista Ciencias y Humanidades, the scientific dissemination journal – the firstborn of the CECyH – with the aim of contributing to the discussion of academic topics and helping to sustain intellectual debate.

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T., J. VIDYAPATI, and SEETHARAMAPPA J. "Microdetermination of some Phenols using Bromine Chloride." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 68, Feb 1991 (1991): 118–19. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6137176.

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Department of Science, Regional College of Education. (N C.E.R.T.), Mysore-570 006 <em>Manuscript received 21 June 1990, revised 22 November 1990, accepted 31 January 1991</em> Microdetermination of some Phenols using Bromine Chloride.

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Ferras, Robert. "Une géographie pour un Certificat d'Etudes (C.E.P.E.)." Tréma, no. 1 (May 1, 1992): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/trema.2433.

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Poidevin, Raymond. "La politique extérieure de la C.E.C.A. : les relations avec les pays tiers." Revue d’histoire moderne et contemporaine 42, no. 4 (1995): 670–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/rhmc.1995.1796.

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Brenneur, Pascal. "Les entreprises sidérurgiques du bassin de Longwy face à la C.E.C.A. naissante." Revue Géographique de l'Est 33, no. 3 (1993): 205–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/rgest.1993.2258.

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Coelho, Keila Cristina Leme dos Santos, and Gleice Lira Cinque. "Relato do atendimento educacional oferecido remotamente aos estudantes do C.E.P.D. Armando Vidigal." Cuadernos de Educación y Desarrollo 16, no. 1 (2024): 92–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.55905/cuadv16n1-006.

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O objetivo deste relato foi expor as estratégias educacionais adotadas por um Centro Educacional para Pessoas com Deficiência em Embu das Artes/SP, que atua no seguimento da educação especial em consonância com a Lei de Diretrizes e Base da Educação Nacional (LDB) Nº 9.394/96, durante o período pandêmico. Foi desenvolvido pelos profissionais a apostila “aprendendo em casa” e após discussão da equipe escolar especializada, baseada na Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) e no Currículo Funcional Natural (CFN), mediante as dificuldades encontradas pelos responsáveis em sua execução, foram criados os projetos: Horta, Habilidades Socioemocionais e Habilidades Sensoriais. Como resultados: destacou-se a importância da rotina como estratégia de ensino e foram percebidas melhores devolutivas das famílias com a adoção dos projetos propostos e mesmo sendo desaconselhável aulas remotas para pessoas com deficiências múltiplas devido a necessidade de apoio e material concreto na realização das atividades, os alunos mostraram-se felizes e participativos durante esse processo e o uso de atividades com sentido prático e concreto, não partindo somente de aulas expositivas, renovaram as práticas pedagógicas e facilitaram a aprendizagem de novos conceitos e manutenção de habilidades previamente adquiridas.

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Pariona Minaya, María del Carmen. "LA IMPORTANCIA DE CURAR LOS DIENTES DE LECHE." Evidencias en Odontología Clínica 3, no. 2 (2018): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.35306/eoc.v3i2.487.

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En el conocimiento popular los dientes deciduos, son llamados dientes de leche, es común escuchar el comentario de los padres o familiares del niño: “doctora ¿le vamos a curar esos dientes?, pero si son de leche igual se le van a caer…”. Probablemente esta sea la causa más importante para tener tan altos índices de caries (C.E.O.D.) y de las consecuencias de estas lesiones severas (P.U.F.A.)1 en países de Latinoamérica (1). Ante esa situación, la respuesta del odontólogo debe basarse en evidencia, este artículo editorial tiene la finalidad de revisar las razones que el profesional tiene para educar a los pacientes respecto a la importancia y necesidad de conservar en buen estado los dientes deciduos.

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Noguchi-Sasaki, Mariko, Yusuke Sasaki, Yukari Matsuo-Tezuka, Mitsue Kurasawa, Keigo Yorozu, and Yasushi Shimonaka. "Iron Storage Rather Than Serum Iron Levels Is an Important Contributor to Iron-Induced Oxidative Stress Levels in Mice." Blood 126, no. 23 (2015): 3362. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.3362.3362.

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Abstract Introduction: Iron, an essential element for various biological processes, can induce oxidative stress. In iron overload diseases, cardiovascular events are associated with increased oxidative stress accompanied by elevated iron storage and serum iron. However, it has not been investigated whether it is iron storage or serum iron that is the most important contributor to oxidative stress levels, and the relationship between iron metabolism and oxidative stress is not clear. Moreover, no biomarker that can sensitively detect iron-induced oxidative stress has yet been reported. Therefore, we first investigated the sensitivities of several biomarkers to detect oxidative stress induced in mice by altering the amount of total body iron; then using the most sensitive marker, we investigated mechanisms underlying iron metabolism and oxidative stress by exploring the contributions of iron storage and serum iron levels to oxidative stress levels by modulating body iron status in mice. Methods: This study used 8-week-old male BALB/c mice. In the first part of the study, we investigated several oxidative stress markers in iron-loaded mice. Mice were intravenously administered iron-dextran (to load iron) or vehicle for 5 days. Nine days after the first injection, we measured serum oxidative stress markers (derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites [d-ROMs] analyzed by measuring the total amount of hydroperoxides via the Fenton reaction, malondialdehyde [MDA], and hydroxynonenal [HNE]), serum hepcidin level, and hepatic iron content. In the second part of the study, iron dynamics was modulated by 2 interventions: (1) Mice were intravenously administered 10 μg/kg of epoetin beta pegol (C.E.R.A.), a long-acting erythropoiesis-stimulating agent, or vehicle. Five days later, we determined hemoglobin, serum hepcidin level, serum iron level, hepatic iron content, and d-ROMs. (2) Mice were fed a ferric citrate diet containing 5000 ppm iron or a control diet containing 100 ppm iron for 28 days; we then evaluated serum iron level, hepatic iron content, and d-ROMs. In the third part of the study, we also evaluated oxidative stress marker d-ROMs by modulating serum iron levels and iron storage independently by 3 interventions: (1) Mice intraperitoneally administered 200 μg/head of anti-erythropoietin antibody or control IgG every other day were analyzed 96 hours later. (2) Mice injected with 100 μg/head of synthetic hepcidin or vehicle were analyzed 4 hours later. (3) Mice intravenously administered iron-dextran (48 mg/kg) or vehicle once a day for 5 days were analyzed. Results: In the first part of the study, compared with the control group, iron-loaded mice exhibited dose-dependent increases in serum hepcidin level, hepatic iron content, and serum d-ROMs, whereas no change was observed in MDA or HNE. In the second part of the study, hemoglobin level was significantly higher in C.E.R.A.-treated mice than in vehicle-treated mice. Serum hepcidin level, serum iron level, hepatic iron content, and d-ROMs were all significantly lower in C.E.R.A.-treated mice than in vehicle-treated mice. In mice fed the ferric citrate diet, serum iron level, hepatic iron content, and d-ROMs were all higher than in mice fed the control diet. In the third part of the study, in mice given anti-erythropoietin antibody, serum iron level was elevated, but hepatic iron content was not changed resulted from iron overflow with inhibition of erythropoiesis, and d-ROMs was not changed. Mice given synthetic hepcidin showed decreased serum iron level, but no significant changes were detected in hepatic iron content or d-ROMs. In mice given iron-dextran, no significant change in serum iron level was observed; however, hepatic iron content and d-ROMs levels increased compared to control mice. Conclusions: We demonstrated that d-ROMs was a sensitive marker of iron-induced oxidative stress. Modulating body iron status by several interventions, we demonstrated that iron storage, rather than serum iron levels, contributed to the level of oxidative stress marker. The results of our C.E.R.A. treatment study suggest a new rationale for treatment with C.E.R.A.: that enhancement of iron metabolism by C.E.R.A., leading to a decrease in oxidative stress by reducing iron storage, contributes to tissue protective properties. C.E.R.A. may have beneficial implications for improving prognosis by correcting oxidative stress-related disorders. Disclosures Noguchi-Sasaki: Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.: Employment. Sasaki:Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.: Employment. Matsuo-Tezuka:Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.: Employment. Kurasawa:Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.: Employment. Yorozu:Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.: Employment. Shimonaka:Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.: Employment.

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Larue, Jean-Marc. "Répertoire du Centre d’essai des auteurs dramatiques, Montréal, C.E.A.D., mai 1985, 186 pages." Études littéraires 18, no. 3 (1985): 240. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/500733ar.

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Testa, A., and V. Menoyo. "Traitement de l’anémie par C.E.R.A. : enquête multicentrique rétrospective." Néphrologie & Thérapeutique 8, no. 5 (2012): 395. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nephro.2012.07.028.

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Leuenberger, Nicolas, Séverine Lamon, Neil Robinson, Sylvain Giraud, and Martial Saugy. "How to confirm C.E.R.A. doping in athletes’ blood?" Forensic Science International 213, no. 1-3 (2011): 101–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2011.07.053.

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Ortiz Colón, Ana M., Mónica Peñaherrera León, and Juana M. Ortega Tudela. "Percepciones de profesores y estudiantes sobre las tic. Un estudio de caso." Edutec. Revista Electrónica de Tecnología Educativa, no. 41 (September 20, 2012): a210. http://dx.doi.org/10.21556/edutec.2012.41.352.

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El trabajo presenta los resultados de un proyecto de investigación desarrollado en el C.E.I.P. Vicente Espinel de Ronda (Málaga), para conocer el impacto de las TIC en dicho Centro, analizándose las percepciones de los profesores a través de la entrevista por un lado y las opiniones de los estudiantes de 5º y 6º de Educación Primaria mediante el cuestionario, por otro. La metodología, aporta conclusiones de actualidad relevantes del uso de las TIC.

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Tardy, Evelyne. "Quand les « establishments » s’en mêlent." Selon des essais de politique..., no. 9 (January 25, 2016): 189–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1034731ar.

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L’auteur analyse les réactions « officielles » des différents groupes et organisations du Québec au rapport produit par la Commission d’étude sur la formation des adultes (C.E.F.A. — 1982). Les groupes d’usagers en général ont accueilli favorablement le rapport, au contraire des porte-parole des différents « establishments » : patronat mais aussi institutions scolaires, syndicales et gouvernementales. Quel que soit le blocage qui en résulte, le rapport est public et peut fournir un puissant instrument de réflexion et d’action pour les groupes d’usagers.

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JAİSWAL, Ajeet. "BESLENME DEĞERLENDİRMESİ: KARNATA’DAKI JENE KURUBA KABILESINDEKI YETIŞKIN ERKEKLERIN KRONIK ENERJI EKSIKLIĞININ IKI YARARLI ANTROPOMETRIK ÖLÇÜMÜNÜN KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI." İmgelem 7, no. 12 (2023): 269–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.53791/imgelem.1300995.

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India has a severe health issue with undernutrition (U.N.), particularly among the underprivileged poor tribal population. The current cross-sectional study aims to evaluate the nutritional condition of 145 adult male Jene Kurubas in Karnataka and compare the two functional anthropometric indices of Chronic Energy Deficiency (C.E.D.). C.E.D. was assessed using the B.M.I. (body mass index) and the MUAC (mid-upper-arm circumference). According to the results of the current study, chronic energy deficiency was prevalent in 53.8% of cases, and undernutrition based on MUAC &lt; 23.0 cm was present in 48.3% of cases. According to WHO recommendations, these prevalences fall into the highly high-prevalence category (≥ 40 per cent), signifying a critical situation. The rate of C.E.D. was significantly higher (81.4%) among those with low MUAC (&lt; 23.0 cm) than among those with a normal MUAC (≥ 23.0 cm) (18.6%). The findings of this study suggest that the Jene Kurubas tribal group was under significant dietary and nutritional stress. For surveys of the human population, particularly among indigenous people, i.e. tribes of developing countries like India, it may be more appropriate to employ mid-upper-arm circumference due to budget constraints or lack of resources and professional labour.

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Sánchez-Pescador, Liborio L. "Una introducción a la Ley 16/1989 de Defensa de la Competencia: la tradición norteamericana y el contexto comunitario." Ekonomiaz. Revista vasca de Economía 21, no. 3 (1991): 14–31. https://doi.org/10.69810/ekz.0242.

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La competencia es, conforme a la teoria clásica, no sólo un hecho constatable en el funcionamiento del mercado, sino un modelo de comportamiento económico que requiere específicos instrumentos de protección frente a las tendencias monopolistas. La técnica jurídica de defensa de la competencia, entre otras estrategias para combatir los costos del monopolio, nació en los Estados Unidos con la Ley Sherman de 1890. El modelo desarrollado desde entonces influyó, tras la Segunda Guerra, en los Tratados C.E.C.A. y C.E.E. No obstante, el sistema europeo de defensa de la competencia presenta diferencias relevantes respecto al sistema americano, tanto por sus objetivos políticos como por el contexto económico. El sistema español, influido por las experiencias americana y europea, ha pasado por tres etapas: la frustrada apliación de la Ley de 1963, una de transición y la iniciada con la Ley de 1989. Los datos relativos a 1990 y 1991 permiten constatar un positivo cambio.

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De Arte, Boletín. "XIV Congreso del Comité Español de Historia del Arte (C.E.H.A.)." Boletín de Arte, no. 24 (April 4, 2018): 669–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.24310/bolarte.2003.v0i24.4707.

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Entre los días 18 al 21 de Septiembre de 2002, la comunidad científica interuniversitaria de Historia del Arte tenía en Málaga una cita ineludible con la XIV convocatoria del Comité Español de Historia del Arte (C.E.H.A.), reunido en la ciudad mediterránea bajo la Presidencia de Honor de los Reyes de España. En esta ocasión, la propuesta objeto de aproximación, análisis, discusión y reflexión de las jornadas giraría en torno a la Correspondencia e integración de las Artes, constituyendo el punto de partida de una imparable renovación historiográfica que permite a todos los sectores implicados una óptima comprensión de los presupuestos de nuestra cultura y nuestro patrimonio, sin dejar de lado la valoración y oportuna ponderación de la producción intelectual surgida por, para y desde un colectivo de profesionales básico en el desarrollo de la sociedad actual.

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González Torres, Javier. "XV Congreso del Comité Español de Historia del Arte (C.E.H.A.)." Boletín de Arte, no. 26-27 (March 30, 2018): 875–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.24310/bolarte.2006.v0i26-27.4585.

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La estancia en el archipiélago balear constituye de por sí, para el visitante foráneo, una satisfacción versátil de difícil y sugestiva explicación. El establecimiento de un amplio abanico de posibilidades que abarca todo el espectro cultural, incluido el ocio, requiere de una vivencia ilimitada...

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Lamon, Séverine, Sylvain Giraud, Léonie Egli, et al. "A high-throughput test to detect C.E.R.A. doping in blood." Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 50, no. 5 (2009): 954–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2009.06.038.

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Bastos, Kleyton, Luis Antonio Lucarelli, Elizabeth De Francesco-Daher, et al. "C.E.R.A. maintains stable hemoglobin in Latin American patients on dialysis." International Urology and Nephrology 45, no. 5 (2012): 1355–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11255-012-0272-3.

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Rasche, Franz, Thomas Ebert, Julia Beckmann, et al. "Influence of Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agents on HbA1c and Fructosamine in Patients with Haemodialysis." Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes 125, no. 06 (2017): 384–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-124577.

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Abstract HbA1c is the most accepted laboratory parameter for the long term observation of glucose control. There is still much of a debate about the use of HbA1c as a metabolic indicator in diabetic patients (DM) on haemodialysis (HD) and erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA) therapy because of the altered erythrocyte turn over in patients with chronic kidney disease and haemodialysis (CKD5D). In 102 CKD5 patients with and without diabetes mellitus, we examined the dose dependent variability in HbA1c and fructosamine levels under haemodialysis and treated with epoetin α (n=48) and a new generation agent with continuous stimulation of methoxy polyethylene glycol epoetin beta (C.E.R.A.; n=54). HbA1c levels were affected by therapy with ESA treatments. ESA dose was inversely correlated with HbA1c and an escalation of 10.000 IU per week induced an estimated decrease of HbA1c of 0.6 percent. In addition, the increase of reticulocyte number as a marker for erythropoiesis was significantly inversely correlated with the increase of ΔHbA1c. ESA treatments had no such effect on the alternative metabolic parameter fructosamine. When compared, both therapeutic agents had comparable success in attaining haemoglobin (Hb) target values. C.E.R.A. showed better correlation and was more effective over a longer dose interval. Our results show that HbA1c levels in patients should be carefully interpreted based on interfering factors. Nevertheless, HbA1c is currently the most consistent parameter for use ascertaining metabolic status of patients suffering from diabetes mellitus.

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Sanabria Bohórquez, Carlos Eduardo, and Betty Zambrano Zabaleta. "Diálogos desalejadores." Revista Argentina de Estudios de Juventud, no. 15 (August 20, 2021): e057. http://dx.doi.org/10.24215/18524907e057.

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Este ensayo de comunicación y pensamiento en medio del aislamiento y de la distancia social impuestos por las medidas gubernamentales en salud pública, ha sido elaborado como un quid pro quo que busca cuestionar y superar las distancias del espacio físico, institucional y generacional. Las siglas C.E.S.B. y B.Z.Z. corresponden a las voces de los autores, quienes trabajan en el proyecto de investigación Pedagogía, arte y ciudadanía, de la Universidad Jorge Tadeo Lozano, en dos ciudades de Colombia: Bogotá y Cartagena de Indias, como investigador principal y como asistente de investigación, respectivamente.

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Deepthikumary, K. P., A. G. Pandurangan, and E. S. Kumar. "Occurrence of Sonerila barnesii C.E.C. Fischer (Melastomataceae) – A little known Endemic and Endangered species of Western Ghats." Indian Journal of Forestry 36, no. 2 (2013): 255–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2013-m599c7.

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Sonerila barnesii C.E.C. Fischer, an endemic species of the Southern Western Ghats, is rediscovered from Mankulam forest areas of Idukki district after its first collection quite away from the type locality.

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Agrawala, D., and Harsh Chowdhery. "Eulophia epidendraea (J.Konig Ex Retz.) C.E.C.FISCH. – An addition to the orchid flora of Himalayan region." Indian Journal of Forestry 31, no. 4 (2008): 629–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2008-e0v5f0.

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Eulophia epidendraea (J. Konig ex Retz.) C.E.C. Fisch. (Orchidaceae), so far known in India from peninsular regions is being reported for the first time from the Himalayan region. The same is described and illustrated here.

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Bharath Simha Yadav, P., S. Karuppusamy, and V. Chelladurai. "Rediscovery and taxonomy of a rare species <i>Disperis monophylla</i> (Orchidaceae)." Environmental and Experimental Biology 22, no. 4 (2024): 179–83. https://doi.org/10.22364/eeb.22.17.

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Disperis monophylla Blatt. ex C.E.C. Fisch. has been rediscovered after 96 years from the type location, and detailed description, key to the species, photographs and taxonomic notes are provided for the better understanding of the species.

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Locatelli, Francesco, and Bruno Reigner. "C.E.R.A.: pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics and efficacy in patients with chronic kidney disease." Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs 16, no. 10 (2007): 1649–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/13543784.16.10.1649.

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Daimary, Ranjit, and Nripemo Odyuo. "Distributional note on two Hedychium Species from Nagaland, India." Journal of Non Timber Forest Products 25, no. 3 (2018): 135–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps2000-2018-ha1d6p.

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Two Hedychium species Hedychium densiflorum Wall. and Hedychium wardii C.E.C. Fisch. have been collected for the first time from the state of Nagaland, India. Detailed descriptions of the species along with colour photographs have been provided for their identification and reference.

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Kavade, Shrinath, Subhash Deokule, P. Lakshminarasimhan, Prakash Diwakar, and Sachin Punekar. "Belosynapsis vivipara (Dalzell) C.E.C. Fisch. (Commelinaceae), a vulnerable spiderwort, rediscovered after sixteen decades from Maharashtra, India." Journal of Threatened Taxa 4, no. 6 (2012): 2660–63. https://doi.org/10.11609/JoTT.o2444.2660-3.

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Kavade, Shrinath, Deokule, Subhash, Lakshminarasimhan, P., Diwakar, Prakash, Punekar, Sachin (2012): Belosynapsis vivipara (Dalzell) C.E.C. Fisch. (Commelinaceae), a vulnerable spiderwort, rediscovered after sixteen decades from Maharashtra, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 4 (6): 2660-2663, DOI: 10.11609/JoTT.o2444.2660-3, URL: http://threatenedtaxa.org/index.php/JoTT/article/view/1290

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Ustundag, Sedat, Ekrem Dogan, Murat Duranay, et al. "Subcutaneous C.E.R.A. for the Treatment of Chronic Renal Anemia in Predialysis Patients." Balkan Medical Journal 33, no. 3 (2016): 322–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5152/balkanmedj.2016.141173.

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Locatelli, F., J. F. E. Mann, J. C. Aldigier, et al. "C.E.R.A. safety profile: a pooled analysis in patients with chronic kidney disease." Clinical Nephrology 73, no. 02 (2010): 94–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.5414/cnp73094.

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JOYDEV, MANDAL, and DAS BISWANATH. "C.E.C. of Roots of Gram (Cicer arietinum) Crop and its Relation to Age and Nutrient Content of Plant." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 62, Apr 1985 (1985): 331–32. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6322716.

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Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science,Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Kalyani-741 235 <em>Manuscript received 2 December 1982, revised 27 November 1984, accepted 27 April 1985</em> C.E.C. of Roots of Gram (Cicer arietinum) Crop and its Relation to Age and Nutrient Content of Plant. 

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Swamy, Jetti, Vaghmare Jalander, Ladan Rasingam, and Pragada Venkata Ramana. "Two endemic grasses (Poaceae): Additions to the flora of Telangana, India." International Journal of Current Research in Biosciences and Plant Biology 8, no. 10 (2021): 38–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcrbp.2021.810.007.

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Two endemic grass species viz., Dimeria bialata C.E.C. Fisch. and Heteropogon polystachyos (Roxb.) Schult. are strictly endemic to India have been reported from Eastern Ghats of Telangana as new additions to the grass flora of Telangana State, India. A brief description and colour photo plates are provided for easy identification.

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Singer, Madeleine. "Le groupe d'études politiques « Reconstruction » et la C.E.D." Revue d’histoire moderne et contemporaine 43, no. 1 (1996): 35–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/rhmc.1996.1803.

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Singer, Madeleine. "Le groupe d'études politiques "Reconstruction" et la C.E.D." Revue d’histoire moderne & contemporaine 43-1, no. 1 (1996): 35–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rhmc.g1996.43n1.0035.

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Neiva, Luiz O. Beltrão. "Problemas com a Implantação de um Orçamento Funcional." Revista do Serviço Público 96, no. 1 (2017): 114–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21874/rsp.v0i1.2899.

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ENTRE outras recomendações da Comissão de Estudos e Projetos Administrativos (C.E.P.A.), órgão criado durante a gestão do Sr. Juscelino Kubitschek, figura a de adoção de um orçamento funciona], tendo em vista que a tradicional forma do orçamento brasileiro não tem permitido o conhecimento de certas informações para oportunas tomadas de decisão. O estudo que vai descrito a seguir é antes um ensaio despretensioso à técnica de elaboração de orçamento funcionais e, mais do que isso, uma tentativa de preparação do espirito de nossos administradores para uma filosofia que precisa ser considerada no serviço público, se da forma como o orçamento se apresenta pode depender a quase totalidade das decisões administrativas no tocante ao plano de aplicações e das respectivas origens.

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Tarallo, Antonio. "C.E.D.U. e Sezioni unite sul concorso esterno in associazione mafiosa : un dialogo interrotto." Archivio penale, no. 2 (2020): 387–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.12871/97888333944973.

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