Academic literature on the topic 'Callo friable'
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Journal articles on the topic "Callo friable"
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Díaz Tatis, Paula, Carlos Andrés Zárate, Adriana Bernal Giraldo, and Camilo López Carrascal. "Infección de callo embriogénico friable de yuca con Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (Xam)." Revista Colombiana de Biotecnología 18, no. 2 (2016): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/rev.colomb.biote.v18n2.61523.
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Las nuevas tecnologías para la edición de genomas, como los TALEN y el sistema CRISPR/Cas9, representan una gran oportunidad para mejorar características deseables en diferentes organismos. Los TALEN son el resultado del acoplamiento de nucleasas a los TALE (Transcription Activator-Like Effectors), los cuales son efectores naturales de gran importancia en la patogénesis de las especies de Xanthomonas. Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (Xam) es el agente causal del añublo bacteriano de la yuca, quien durante el proceso patogénico es capaz de translocar sus efectores a la célula vegetal mediante el sistema de secreción tipo tres (SSTT). Actualmente no hay protocolos estándar para la edición de genomas en yuca. En este estudio se exploró la posibilidad de translocar efectores sobre callo embriogénico friable (CEF) a través de la inoculación con Xam, con el fin de determinar el potencial de este patógeno como sistema de entrega de TALEN. El CEF de dos variedades de yuca susceptibles (COL2215 y cv. 60444) se cocultivaron con la cepa Xam668 a diferentes tiempos. Posteriormente, se evaluó la expresión de marcadores correspondientes a los genes blanco conocidos para los TALE presentes en esta cepa bacteriana. Aunque no se logró demostrar la translocación de los mismos en el tejido embriogénico, sí se lograron establecer condiciones adecuadas de cocultivo con Xam y el efecto que la infección bacteriana tiene sobre la regeneración de embriones a partir de este tejido. Palabras clave: cultivo de tejidos vegetales, edición de genomas, sistema de secreción tipo tres, efectores TALE, transformación.
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Pádua, Marlúcia Souza, Luciano Vilela Paiva, Luciano Coutinho da Silva, Kalynka Gabriella do Livramento, Eduardo Alves, and Ana Hortência Fonseca Castro. "Morphological characteristics and cell viability of coffee plants calli." Ciência Rural 44, no. 4 (2014): 660–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-84782014000400014.
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The aim of this research was to characterize and compare two types of calli from leaf explants of Coffea arabica (cultivar Catiguá). Cells of different types of callus were successfully characterized regarding viability and internal and external morphological characteristics. It was obtained two morphologically distinct types of callus: (i) yellow friable and (ii) transparent watery. The yellow friable calli showed higher cell viability and embryogenic characteristics. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy showed embryogenic characteristics in cells of the yellow friable calli evidenced by the presence of small and isodiametric cells, while transparent watery calli showed elongated cells and large cytoplasm vacuolization.
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Mendes-da-Glória, Fernanda Januzzi, Francisco de Assis Alves Mourão Filho, Clarice Garcia Borges Demétrio, and Beatriz Madalena Januzzi Mendes. "Embryogenic calli induction from nucellar tissue of Citrus cultivars." Scientia Agricola 56, no. 4 suppl (1999): 111–1115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90161999000500012.
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Nucellar tissues of seven Citrus varieties were introduced onto three growth media to produce embryogenic callus. The media tested were: EME [MT, modified, with the addition of malt extract (500 mg.L-1)]; 1/2-EME [half concentration of MT macronutrients + half concentration of BH3 macronutrients + 500 mg.L-1 malt extract + 1.55 g.L-1 of glutamine]; and EBA [EME + 0.44 muM 6-benzyladenine + 0.04 muM 2,4 D]. Soft friable calli were obtained from 'Cravo' and 'Ponkan' mandarins (Citrus reticulata, Blanco), 'Murcott' tangor (Citrus reticulata Blanco x Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck), 'Serra d'água' and 'Valencia' sweet oranges (Citrus sinensis, L. Osbeck) 120 days after callus induction. 'Natal' and 'Pera' sweet oranges (Citrus sinensis, L. Osbeck) produced hard non-friable calli in this period. EME and 1/2-EME media had the best results for 'Cravo' mandarin, 'Ponkan' mandarin and 'Serra d'água' sweet orange, whereas EBA was the best media composition to induce soft friable calli on 'Murcott' tangor and 'Valencia' sweet orange. Friable callus cultures of 'Cravo' and 'Ponkan' mandarins, and 'Murcott' tangor yielded high quality protoplasts after isolation. Abbreviations: a.c. - activated charcoal; BA - 6-benzyladenine; IAA - indole-acetic acid; 2,4-D - 2,4-diclorophenoxyacetic acid; MT - Murashige & Tucker basal medium.
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Bull, S. E., J. A. Owiti, M. Niklaus, J. R. Beeching, W. Gruissem, and H. Vanderschuren. "Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of friable embryogenic calli and regeneration of transgenic cassava." Nature Protocols 4, no. 12 (2009): 1845–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nprot.2009.208.
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Rivera Ulloa, María Alejandra. "Aislamiento, purificación y fusión de protoplastos de babaco (V. heilbornii) y jigacho (V. stipulata)." Eidos, no. 3 (December 31, 2010): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.29019/eidos.v0i3.64.
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En una primera fase se estandarizó protocolos de desinfección, inducción a callos friables y hojas in vitro de babaco y jigacho, material vegetal necesario para el aislamiento, purificación y fusión de protoplastos. En la fase de aislamiento se valoró la acción de tres soluciones enzimáticas que contenían celulasa Onozuka R-10 (1,5 2,25 y 3% p/v), macerozima R-10 (1,5 2,25 y 3% p/v) y pectoliasa Y-23 (0,2 0,3 y 0,4% p/v) sobre callos y hojas de las dos especies; dando los mejores resultados en número de protoplastos y tiempo de digestión el coctel que llevó las concentraciones 3% celulasa-macerozima y 0,4% pectoliasa, incubadas a 26-28oC por un período de 33 horaspara hoja y 7 horas para callo. Los protoplastos aislados fueron exitosamente purificados usando la técnica de Jadán (2000) que consistió en la aplicación de tres tipos de purificación (filtración, centrifugación directa y diferencia de gradientes en dos fases), en esta etapa se usó el medio BH3 además de sacarosa y manitol como estandarizadores osmóticos. Los protoplastos purificados de callo de babaco y hoja de jigacho fueron fusionados utilizando una solución de PEG (polietilenglicol) como agente fusionante y la solución para estabilizar la membrana de los protoplastos obtenidos, el medio BH3 fue usado posteriormente para realizar una serie de lavados con el fin de eliminar los restos de PEG, finalmente luego de culminado el proceso de fusión se observó células fusionadas de las dos especies. El siguiente paso seráestandarizar un protocolo para la regeneración de plantas a partir de fusionantes.
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Herrera-S, Anyela Paola, Mayra Alejandra Villegas-L, and Rodolfo López-F. "EVALUACIÓN DE LA RESPUESTAS MORFOGÉNICA Y TAMIZAJE FITOQUÍMICO DE CALLO OBTENIDO A PARTIR DE DISCO DE HOJA DE Azadirachta indica A. Juss (Meliaceae)." Revista de Investigaciones Universidad del Quindío 22, no. 1 (2021): 100–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.33975/riuq.vol22n1.663.
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El árbol de Neem (Azadirachta indica. A. Juss), del que se obtiene una gran cantidad de sustancias químicas, presenta problemas en la reproducción sexual, con semillas poco viables. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue inducir procesos de callogénesis y organogénesis indirecta a partir de disco de hoja de A. indica y realizar tamizaje fitoquímico para determinar la presencia de metabólitos secundarios en los callos obtenidos. Se tomaron hojas de una planta de A. indica, las que se clasificaron de acuerdo a su posición en la lámina foliar: apical, medio, basal; para la fase de desinfección se evaluó NaClO del 3%, por 5 y 10 min de inmersión. Para la fase de inducción se evaluaron dos concentraciones de la auxina Picloram (1 y 2 mg/L). El mejor índice de desinfección, con menor daño en el tejido del explante, se alcanzó con la inmersión en NaOCl durante 10 min; para la inducción de callogénesis, las dos concentraciones permitieron generación de callo con características friables. Los callos obtenidos fueron transferidos a diferentes concentraciones de BAP (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 y 2.0 mg/L) y subcultivados por 4 meses, donde la mayoría presentó oxidación y en ninguna de las concentraciones (con BAP) hubo presencia de estructuras organogénicas. En el tamizaje fitoquímico realizado para callos y para hojas frescas, se obtuvieron resultados positivos para Alcaloides, Flavonoides, Sesquiterpenlactonas, Esteroides y/o Triterpenos, Cardiotónicos y Cumarinas volátiles.
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Mohamed, S. Varisai, and N. Jayabalan. "A PROTOCOL FOR HORSEGRAM [MACROTYLOMA UNIFLORUM (LAM.) VERDC.] CALLUS INDUCTION." Israel Journal of Plant Sciences 44, no. 2-3 (1996): 143–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07929978.1996.10676643.
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Calli of Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam.)Verdc.) Co.1 and Bgm.1 were established from expiants of epicotyl, hypocotyl, cotyledon, and young leaf on MS medium supplemented with auxins and cytokinins (2, 4-D, IAA, NAA, BAP, KN, and CM). When they were cultured subsequently on various combinations and different concentrations, BAP and 2,4-D were found to yield green compact callus in all expiants. Yellow friable calli were obtained on MS medium supplemented with auxins (2,4-D or NAA or IAA). Browning of callus was observed at a higher concentration of (2.5 mg1−1) auxins after 25 days.
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Paul, KK, and MA Bari. "In vitro multiple shoot regeneration from corm bud explant in ghet kachu, typhonium trilobatum schott - a medicinal aroid." Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research 47, no. 2 (2012): 211–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v47i2.11454.
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An efficient in vitro regeneration protocol was developed in medicinal aroid, Ghetkachu (Typhonium trilobatum Schott) using field grown corm bud explant. Highest percentage (75 %) of direct multiple shoot regeneration obtained in MS media supplemented with 5.0 mgL-1BAP + 1.5mg L-1NAA. Callus formation occur (80 %) in MS media containing 0.5mgL-1BAP + 2.0mgL-1NAA. The appearance of calli was white, creamy white light green in colour and the texture of calli were soft, friable and semi hard and compact. Shoot regeneration (85 %) obtained from calli in MS medium having 5.0mgL-1BAP +1.0mgL-1NAA. The regenerated plantlets were successfully acclimatized with loamy fertile soil and survived cent percentage in natural condition. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v47i2.11454 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 47(2), 211-216, 2012
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Leksonowati, Aryani, Witjaksono Witjaksono, and Diah Ratnadewi. "INDUKSI BIAK KALUS DAN BIAK SUSPENSI SEL Aquilaria malaccensis Lam." BERITA BIOLOGI 16, no. 1 (2017): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/beritabiologi.v16i1.2687.
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Aquilaria malaccensis Lam. is a plant species producing fragrant woody material that contains some resin. The compounds can be used as medicine and perfume. Sesquiterpenoid, one group of compounds has been found being synthesized and subsequently extracted from callus and cell suspension culture of Aquilaria species. The aim of this research was to find a method of producing friable calli and cell suspension cultures from leaves or internodes of A. malaccensis in vitro by using suitable plant growth regulators; cell suspension that will suitably serve as material to produce sesquiterpenoid afterwards. Calli were established in almost all treatments of auxin-cytokinin on both leaves and internod explants. The treatment of 10 mg/L IBA induced the highest percentage of callus coverage from leaves with a rather compact structure. The combined treatment of 1–2 mg/L 2.4-D and 0.2–0.3 mg/L BA induced friable callus formation in more than 80% of cultures with 27–32% callus coverage percentage. The use of 2,4-D induced a better formation of cell suspension than Picloram, with maximum volume up to 7 mL. Cell suspension culture with fine and homogenous aggregate could be established in the medium supplemented with 0.5 –1 mg/L 2,4-D.
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Fei, Shuizhang, Paul E. Read, and Terrance P. Riordan. "AgNO3 Promotes Callus Production and Regeneration of Immature Buffalograss Inflorescence Culture." HortScience 31, no. 4 (1996): 631c—631. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.4.631c.
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The use of buffalograss [Buchloe dactyloides (Nutt.) Engelm] in home lawns and golf courses has been increasing because of its drought resistance and low growth habit. In vitro regeneration of buffalograss at a high frequency may provide an effective tool to introduce new variation for breeding use. The positive effects of AgNO3 on friable embryogenic callus production and regeneration efficiency is well documented in maize. In order to determine if AgNO3 has the same effect on buffalograss, two vegetatively propagated cultivars, a female `609' and a male `45-3' were tested at three different concentrations of AgNO3 at 5, 10, and 15 mg·L–1 using immature inflorescences as explants. Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 2 mg 2,4-D/L was employed as the control medium. Medium containing AgNO3 significantly promoted the production of friable callus for `45-3' with the highest percentage achieved at 10 mg AgNO3/L. AgNO3 medium led to production of significantly larger calli than found for the control. However, no difference was detected among 5, 10, and 15 mg AgNO3/L with regard to the callus formation ability and the size of callus initiated on these three treatments. Calli were then transferred to MS medium supplemented with BA at 0.1, 0.5 or 1.0 mg·L–1 to induce shoot formation. BA at 0.5 mg·L–1 gave the best differentiation response. Calli formed in the absence of AgNO3 produced more shoots per callus, but more calli were produced in the presence of AgNO3, and the overall regeneration efficiency was much higher with AgNO3 at 10 mg·L–1. In contrast, AgNO3 showed no promotive effect on callus production and regeneration for `609'.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Callo friable"
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Teruya, Kamiyama Milagros Sanae. "Evaluación de fitorreguladores del crecimiento en la inducción de callo embriogénico en Gossypium barbadense L. 1753 “algodón nativo” color pardo." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Ricardo Palma, 2016. http://cybertesis.urp.edu.pe/handle/urp/823.
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Gossypium barbadense L. “algodón nativo” es oriundo de la costa norte del Perú y se caracteriza por presentar fibras de colores naturales. La evaluación del efecto de diferentes concentraciones de fitorreguladores de crecimiento en la inducción de callo embriogénico se realizó en explantes de hipocotilo de G. barbadense L. “algodón nativo” color pardo, bajo dos condiciones lumínicas distintas. La desinfección de semillas se llevó a cabo utilizando NaOCl al 2.5% en distintos tiempos de exposición (5-20 min) para obtener plántulas in vitro. Para la iniciación y proliferación de callos, se introdujeron explantes de hipocotilo (con 5 réplicas) en medios Murashige-Skoog (MS) suplementados con diferentes concentraciones de ácido 2,4-diclorofenoxiacético (2,4-D), kinetina (Kin) y agua de coco. Los callos friables de mayor proliferación fueron transferidos a medios MS con distintas concentraciones de Kin, 2,4-D y ácido indol-3-butírico (IBA) para la inducción de callo embriogénico. Los cultivos fueron mantenidos en condiciones de fotoperiodo 16 h luz/ 8 h oscuridad y oscuridad continua. Se logró el 100% de desinfección de semillas en 10 min de exposición al desinfectante. En 85% a 100% de explantes de hipocotilo se obtuvo la formación de callo en todos los tratamientos de iniciación de callo incubados en ambas condiciones lumínicas durante 21 días. La mayor proliferación de callo friable se obtuvo en 82.5% de explantes cultivados en medio MS enriquecido con 0.1 mg/l de 2,4-D y 100 ml/l de agua de coco e incubados en fotoperiodo 16 h luz/ 8 h oscuridad. En los medios MS suplementados con distintas concentraciones de Kin, 2,4-D e IBA no se logró la inducción de callo embriogénico. Sin embargo, en el medio MS sin reguladores de crecimiento y en el suplementado con 0.05 mg/l de Kin y 0.3 mg/l de IBA, en fotoperiodo 16 h luz/ 8 h oscuridad, se inició la organogénesis radical.Gossypium barbadense L. “native cotton” is originally from the northern coast of Peru and is characterized by its naturally colored fibers. The evaluation of the effect of different concentrations of plant growth regulators on embryogenic callus induction was performed in hypocotyl explants of Gossypium barbadense L. “native cotton” brown, under two different lighting conditions. Seed disinfection was carried out using 2.5% NaOCl in different exposure times (5-20 min) in order to obtain in vitro plants. For initiation and proliferation of callus, hypocotyl explants (with 5 replicates) were placed in Murashige-Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), kinetin (Kin) and coconut water. Friable calli with the highest proliferation were transferred to MS medium with different concentrations of Kin, 2,4-D and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) for induction of embryogenic callus. The cultures were maintained under conditions of 16 h light/ 8 h dark photoperiod and continuous darkness. 100% of seed disinfection was achieved at 10 min of exposure to disinfectant. In 85% to 100% of hypocotyl explants, callus formation was obtained in all callus induction treatments, incubated in both lighting conditions during 21 days. The highest proliferation of friable callus was obtained in 82.5% of hypocotyl explants cultivated in MS medium enriched with 0.1 mg/l 2,4-D and 100 ml/l coconut water, in 16 h light/ 8 h dark photoperiod. In MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of Kin, 2,4-D and IBA, induction of embryogenic callus was not achieved. However, in MS medium without growth regulators and supplemented with 0.05 mg/l Kin and 0.3 mg/l IBA, in 16 h light/ 8 h dark photoperiod, root organogenesis was initiated.
Book chapters on the topic "Callo friable"
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Abulafia, David. "Towards the Garden of the Hesperides, 1000 BC–400 BC." In The Great Sea. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195323344.003.0016.
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The impact of contact with the eastern Mediterranean was felt in very different ways within what we now call Italy. Greek culture seeped more slowly into the everyday life of the native peoples of Sicily – Sikans, Sikels and Elymians – than into the life of the peoples of Tuscany and Latium. In Sicily, both the Greeks and the Carthaginians kept themselves largely apart from the native population. Sardinia, rich in minerals, had for centuries been the seat of a lively civilization characterized by the stone towers known as nuraghi, of which many thousands still dot the island; they were surrounded by what seem to have been prosperous villages, firmly rooted in the rich agricultural resources of the island. They began to be built around 1400 BC, but new nuraghi were still being constructed well into the Iron Age. In the Mycenaean era, there had been some contact with the outside world, as eastern Mediterranean traders arrived in search of copper. The wealth of the native elite as far back as the second millennium BC can be measured from the tombs of Anghelu Ruju, near Alghero in north-western Sardinia; these are among the richest to have been unearthed in late Neolithic and early Bronze Age western Europe, and they indicate contact with Spain, southern France and the eastern Mediterranean. The Spanish influence can be traced in the bell beaker jars found at this site. Another Spanish connection was linguistic. The Sardinians left no written records, whether because they did not use writing or because they used friable materials that have failed to survive. But place-names, many in current use, provide suggestive evidence, as does the Sard language, a distinctive form of late vulgar Latin that incorporates a number of pre-Latin words within its many dialects. It appears that the nuraghic peoples spoke a language or languages related to the non-Indo-European language Basque. Thus a Sard word for a young lamb, bitti, is very similar to a Basque term for a young goat, bitin.