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1

Ferrer-Roca, O., M. Estevez, and E. Gomez. "The environment for telemedicine in the Canary Islands." Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare 4, no. 3 (1998): 161–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/1357633981932145.

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We studied the environment for telemedicine in the Canary Islands. The population's attitude to telemedicine was surveyed in 503 questionnaire interviews with doctors, nurses, paramedical staff and patients on the seven islands. Almost half the respondents 46-50 across groups had a positive opinion of telemedicine. We also collected data about telephone medicine. A total of 479 medical-support telephone calls were made to four doctors, in psychiatry, ophthalmology and paediatrics. The telephone calls resolved the problem in 73 of cases and 86 would have come to the doctor if not made. Therapy was prescribed in 11 and 10 were just for information. The number of telephone calls per day was highest in psychiatry. Finally, we carried out a detailed analysis of the number of transfers between the islands 14,942 people in 1995 and 22,418 in 1996 . According to the number of transfers and location of the referral hospital, oncology, psychiatry, dermatology and traumatology were the specialties that would be most likely to benefit from telemedicine.
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2

Huang, Hui, Yuliang Lu, Kailong Zhu, and Jun Zhao. "CanaryExp: A Canary-Sensitive Automatic Exploitability Evaluation Solution for Vulnerabilities in Binary Programs." Applied Sciences 13, no. 23 (2023): 12556. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app132312556.

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We propose CanaryExp, an exploitability evaluation solution for vulnerabilities among binary programs protected by StackGuard. CanaryExp devises three novel techniques, namely canary leakage proof of concept generation, canary leaking analysis time exploitation, and dynamic canary-relocation-based exploitability evaluation. The canary leakage proof of concept input generation mechanism first traces the target program’s execution, transforming the execution state into some canary leaking state, from which some canary leaking input is derived. This input can be deemed as proof that some vulnerability that can lead to canary leakage exists. The canary leaking analysis time exploit generation then performs incremental analysis based on the canary leaking input, crafting analysis time exploit that can complete vulnerability exploitation in the analysis time environment. Based on the analysis time exploit, the dynamic canary-relocation-based exploitability evaluation component collects the necessary metadata, on which an exploitation session is automatically constructed that can not only leak the runtime canary and relocate it in the input stream but also evaluate the exploitability of the desired vulnerability. Using a benchmark containing six test programs, eight challenges from some network challenging events and four real-world applications, we demonstrate that CanaryExp can generate canary leaking samples more effectively than existing test case generation methods and automatically evaluate the exploitability for vulnerabilities among programs where the StackGuard protection mechanism is deployed.
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3

Morrison, Shannon L., and Jane Molofsky. "Environmental and genetic effects on the early survival and growth of the invasive grass Phalaris arundinacea." Canadian Journal of Botany 77, no. 10 (2000): 1447–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b99-102.

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Both genetic and environmental factors can determine whether an invasive plant species will establish. To determine how these factors influence the establishment of the invasive grass Phalaris arundinacea L. (reed canary grass), we grew three genotypes in 10 artificial environments and asked how a genotype's growth and survivorship was affected by environmental conditions. We found that genotype strongly influenced survivorship, but there was no significant effect of environment on survivorship. However, environmental conditions did significantly affect growth. Individual plants produced more aboveground and belowground biomass when grown singly than they did when grown with competitors. The identity of neighboring competitors had no effect. Although genotype had no significant efffect, there was a significant genotype × environment interaction. Clone 1 produced more root biomass than either clone 2 or clone 3 when there was no or little competition, but in competitive neighborhoods, clone 3 allocated relatively more biomass to roots than to shoots. Under ideal conditions in the greenhouse, clone 2 produced more tillers than the other two clones. Based on these results, it appears that clone 1 may have an advantage under sparse vegetative cover, but clone 3 may have a competitive advantage in highly competitive neighborhoods because it could preferentially allocate more biomass to roots. The presence of three growth patterns from such a small, localized sample suggests that different growth strategies are probably common within populations of reed canary grass and may be important for allowing reed canary grass to successfully invade new habitats.
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4

Rodrı́guez, Sergio, and Juan-Carlos Guerra. "Monitoring of ozone in a marine environment in Tenerife (Canary Islands)." Atmospheric Environment 35, no. 10 (2001): 1829–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1352-2310(00)00550-1.

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5

Borge-Diez, David, Francisco José García-Moya, and Enrique Rosales-Asensio. "Water-Energy-Environment Nexus Analysis Tools: Case Study for Canary Islands." Processes 11, no. 9 (2023): 2753. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr11092753.

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Despite that previous research exists, there is a need for further research on the quantitative aspects of this Nexus. Existing Water-Energy-Environment Nexus management tools and frameworks are based on indicators aiming to model the whole system, analyze the involved resources, and test potential management strategies. The environmental, social, and economic consequences of actions already taken and ongoing projects require important focus because of the strong relationship between water and energy supply, and that both are key issues for society’s development and sustainability. The present research focuses on the indicators that the Water-Energy-Environment Nexus tools and frameworks use to analyze the whole problem. Existing tools often require large amounts of data, becoming a time-consuming process that lowers the capacity to evaluate the political problems of high pollutants. With the aim of accelerating time evaluation, this research builds an indicator to rapidly evaluate the Water-Energy-Environment Nexus implications of replacing fossil-based power generation systems with wind and photovoltaic renewable energy systems in the water-scarce region of the Canary Islands. This indicator allowed the rapid evaluation of storylines in a small system with well-defined boundaries. Results show that the water sustainability index improved by 6.2% in comparison to fossil-based plants, while reducing 2750 tons of CO2. Although this methodology can be easily applied in different scenarios and locations, it further development to evaluate system boundaries and to provide extensive results.
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6

García, Rafael, Carmelo Andújar, Pedro Oromí, Brent Emerson, and Heriberto López. "Three new subterranean species of Baezia (Curculionidae, Molytinae) for the Canary Islands." Subterranean Biology 38 (March 2, 2021): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.38.61733.

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The genus Baezia Alonso-Zarazaga & García, 1999 is endemic to the Canary Islands, where four species were known to date. Based on morphological evidence, three new species of Baezia are described in this study: Baezia aranfaybo García & López, sp. nov. from El Hierro island, and Baezia madai García & Oromí sp. nov. and Baezia tizziri García & Andújar, sp. nov. from La Palma island. Notes on their biology, habitat, and distribution are presented. The number of taxa in this endemic Canarian genus increases to seven eyeless species. One species has been reported from the soil (endogean environment), with the other six associated with caves and the mesovoid shallow substratum (hypogean or subterranean environment). Frequent association with the presence of roots suggests that species of Baezia may inhabit the continuum represented by the endogean and hypogean environments. Identification key to the seven species are provided.
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7

García, Rafael, Carmelo Andújar, Pedro Oromí, Brent Emerson, and Heriberto López. "Three new subterranean species of Baezia (Curculionidae, Molytinae) for the Canary Islands." Subterranean Biology 38 (March 2, 2021): 1–18. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.38.61733.

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The genus Baezia Alonso-Zarazaga & García, 1999 is endemic to the Canary Islands, where four species were known to date. Based on morphological evidence, three new species of Baezia are described in this study: Baezia aranfaybo García & López, sp. nov. from El Hierro island, and Baezia madai García & Oromí sp. nov. and Baezia tizziri García & Andújar, sp. nov. from La Palma island. Notes on their biology, habitat, and distribution are presented. The number of taxa in this endemic Canarian genus increases to seven eyeless species. One species has been reported from the soil (endogean environment), with the other six associated with caves and the mesovoid shallow substratum (hypogean or subterranean environment). Frequent association with the presence of roots suggests that species of Baezia may inhabit the continuum represented by the endogean and hypogean environments. Identification key to the seven species are provided.
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8

Gifford, Amy LS, Jean-Baptiste Ferdy, and Jane Molofsky. "Genetic composition and morphological variation among populations of the invasive grass, Phalaris arundinacea." Canadian Journal of Botany 80, no. 7 (2002): 779–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b02-063.

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Species that become invasive after being introduced into a new range often experience genetic bottlenecks and strong selection to adapt to their new environment. We looked for evidence of such processes in unmanaged populations of invasive reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea L.). This grass species is planted as a forage crop in North America but has also invaded wetland areas. We compared isozyme variation in pasture and wetland populations of this species. We did not find any indication of a genetic bottleneck: wetland populations comprised as much diversity as pasture populations and both had as much diversity as the two cultivated varieties of reed canary grass that we sampled. We also cultivated plants from wetland and pasture populations and estimated genetic variance for several morphological traits. We did not find any significant differentiation to suggest differential selection between populations from the two habitats. In fact, we found the highest amount of genetic diversity, both isozymic and quantitative, within populations. We also found strong evidence that reed canary grass reproduces primarily clonally. The implications of these observations in terms of the origin of invasive populations of reed canary grass are discussed.Key words: invasive species, Phalaris arundinacea, reed canary grass.
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9

López, Rosana, Ami Zehavi, José Climent, and Luis Gil. "Contrasting ecotypic differentiation for growth and survival in Pinus canariensis." Australian Journal of Botany 55, no. 7 (2007): 759. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt07016.

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We tested genetic and environmental effects and their interaction on the behaviour of 21 provenances of Pinus canariensis Chr. Sm. Ex DC from the Canary Islands and three seed sources from Israel at seven study sites covering a wide range of ecological conditions. Survival and growth traits (height, diameter and polycyclism) and their relationship with environmental parameters were assessed to evaluate their adaptive value and establish patterns of variation of the species inside and outside its natural distribution area. The results showed a high level of ecotypic differentiation for survival. As a general pattern, seed sources from favourable environments exhibited lower survival rates at dry sites than those from harsh environments (r = –0.76, P < 0.05, between survival and site index at the seed source). By contrast, growth traits presented a high phenotypic plasticity, scarce differentiation among seed sources and a negligible genotype × environment interaction. With few exceptions, local provenances from the Canary Islands did not stand out for survival or growth when compared with the rest at each trial site, whereas local seed sources from Israel were among the best growing and survived better at the experimental sites in this country. Therefore, the possibility of a locally adapted land race in Israel is discussed. We also discuss the low geographic differentiation for growth in the Canary Islands pine in the light of the current knowledge of the species’ life history and the potential use of this species in reforestation programs in semi-arid environments.
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10

LORENZO QUIJADA, RAUL, SEBASTIAN OVIDIO PEREZ BAEZ, ALEJANDRO RAMOS MARTIN, BEATRIZ DEL RIO GAMERO, and JENIFER VASWANI. "REDUCTION OF THE CARBON FOOTPRINT IN THE CANARY ISLANDS." DYNA 100, no. 3 (2025): 198. https://doi.org/10.52152/d11355.

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11

Leon, Carmelo, and Matias Gonzalez. "Managing the environment in tourism regions: The case of the Canary Islands." European Environment 5, no. 6 (1995): 171–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eet.3320050605.

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12

Morrison, Shannon L., and Jane Molofsky. "Effects of genotypes, soil moisture, and competition on the growth of an invasive grass, Phalaris arundinacea (reed canary grass)." Canadian Journal of Botany 76, no. 11 (1998): 1939–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b98-157.

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The successful establishment of an invasive plant species in a new environment depends upon the interplay between the plant's genetic diversity and morphological plasticity and the physical and biotic environment it encounters. To determine the relative importance of these factors in influencing the spread of the invasive grass, Phalaris arundinacea L. (reed canary grass), we transplanted three genotypes into a pasture that contained variable soil moisture, species composition, and vegetative cover. We found that P. arundinacea produced more above- and below-ground biomass in sparsely vegetated plots than in densely vegetated plots, but biomass production was not affected by soil moisture. There was also a significant clone beta vegetative cover interaction. Genotypes differed in how strongly their growth was inhibited by dense vegetative cover. Vegetative cover also influenced biomass allocation patterns. As vegetative cover increased, P. arundinacea allocated more biomass to roots, a strategy that gives transplants a competitive advantage during the following spring. Our results suggest that, because it grows poorly in high vegetative cover, P. arundinacea is most likely to become a pest in disturbed or low-density plant communities. Furthermore, differences among genotypes in their response to vegetative cover suggest that continual introductions of new genotypes of reed canary grass substantially increase the chance that a particular genotype will flourish and spread.Key words: biomass allocation, competition, invasive species, morphological plasticity, plant invasions, Phalaris arundinacea, reed canary grass.
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13

González, Ana M., Benito M. Maceira, Estefanía Pérez, Vicente M. Cabrera, Alfonso J. López, and José M. Larruga. "Genetics, Environment, and Diabetes-Related End-Stage Renal Disease in the Canary Islands." Genetic Testing and Molecular Biomarkers 16, no. 8 (2012): 859–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/gtmb.2011.0207.

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14

Suárez, Daniel, Sonia Martín, and Manuel Naranjo. "First report of the invasive alien species Caenoplana coerulea Moseley, 1877 (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Geoplanidae) in the subterranean environment of the Canary Islands." Subterranean Biology 26 (August 6, 2018): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.26.25921.

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The blue land planarianCaenoplanacoeruleaMoseley, 1877 is reported for the first time in the hypogean environment. Seven individuals ofC.coeruleawere collected in the most humid branch of an abandoned water mine in Gran Canaria (Canary Islands). Due to its character of generalist predator, it should be considered a threat for the endemic subterranean fauna.
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15

SCHMITZ, MARÍA F., CECILIA ARNAIZ-SCHMITZ, CRISTINA HERRERO-JÁUREGUI, PABLO DÍAZ, DANIELA G. G. MATOS, and FRANCISCO D. PINEDA. "People and nature in the Fuerteventura Biosphere Reserve (Canary Islands): socio-ecological relationships under climate change." Environmental Conservation 45, no. 1 (2017): 20–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892917000169.

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SUMMARYThis paper analyses the interdependence between environment and society in terms of socio-ecological webs, in which human and biophysical systems are linked. A quantitative model, based on canonical correlation analysis applied in Fuerteventura Island (Canary Archipelago), detected indicators of human–landscape relationships and predicted potential shifts based on simulated environmental changes. In the last few decades, the landscape of Fuerteventura Island has changed: natural components and cultural agrarian uses have decreased, while the population has increased due to immigration, mainly from mainland Spain and other European countries. The island shows a transition from a coupled local socio-ecosystem to one based on the interaction between environment and coastal tourism that decouples native inhabitants from the landscape and traditional land-use practices. As vulnerability and adaptation to climate change represent critical sets of potential interactions in Canary Islands, a model and a map of the socio-ecological system under four Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change scenarios show rural decoupling through ‘deagrarianization’ and ‘deruralization’, as well as stronger links to the tourism system.
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Suárez, Daniel, Sonia Martín, and Manuel Naranjo. "First report of the invasive alien species Caenoplana coerulea Moseley, 1877 (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Geoplanidae) in the subterranean environment of the Canary Islands." Subterranean Biology 26 (August 6, 2018): 67–74. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.26.25921.

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The blue land planarian Caenoplana coerulea Moseley, 1877 is reported for the first time in the hypogean environment. Seven individuals of C. coerulea were collected in the most humid branch of an abandoned water mine in Gran Canaria (Canary Islands). Due to its character of generalist predator, it should be considered a threat for the endemic subterranean fauna.
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17

Alonso-Pérez, Silvia, and Javier López-Solano. "Long-Term Analysis of Aerosol Concentrations Using a Low-Cost Sensor: Monitoring African Dust Outbreaks in a Suburban Environment in the Canary Islands." Sensors 23, no. 18 (2023): 7768. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23187768.

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This study presents the results of the long-term monitoring of PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations using a low-cost particle sensor installed in a suburban environment in the Canary Islands. A laser-scattering Nova Fitness SDS011 sensor was operated continuously for approximately three and a half years, which is longer than most other studies using this type of sensor. The impact of African dust outbreaks on the aerosol concentrations was assessed, showing a significant increase in both PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations during the outbreaks. Additionally, a good correlation was found with a nearby reference instrument of the air quality network of the Canary Islands’ government. The correlation between the PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations, the effect of relative humidity, and the stability of the sensor were also investigated. This study highlights the potential of this kind of sensor for long-term air quality monitoring with a view to developing extensive and dense low-cost air quality networks that are complementary to official air quality networks.
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18

García, Luis A., José J. Castro, Anisia Méndez, and Javier M. Ramírez. "Familiasenred: a Virtual and Family Participation Environment." European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education 3, no. 2 (2013): 99–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1989/ejihpe.v3i2.27.

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The platform Familiasenred.es emerged as one strategy within Canary Training Plan for the Family, which offers an alternative to parents training through ICT. Mounted in a Moodle in 2009, 168 training activities (62 online, 30 semi and 76 face) have been offered in 2012, activities that result in more than 1680 hours of training on different topics related to family and children education. The objective of the study will be to compare the results obtained in the study of García, Castro, Junco and Hernández (2011) about the influence of student participation on the levels of satisfaction, with how this influence is modulated by the participation. The study population will be the 5083 users of the Familiasenred.es platform in 2012. To this end, a self-developed satisfaction scale will be employed, limiting the original composed of eleven items Likert. This scale will be administered during the month of December, 2012, voluntarily and after the training proposal 2011-2012. According to the data obtained from the test, comparative analysis between the levels of student satisfaction, the participation in the platform and the teacher participation will be conducted.
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19

García, Luis A., José J. Castro, Anisia Méndez, and Javier M. Ramírez. "Familiasenred: a Virtual and Family Participation Environment." European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education 3, no. 2 (2013): 99–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe3020009.

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The platform Familiasenred.es emerged as one strategy within Canary Training Plan for the Family, which offers an alternative to parents training through ICT. Mounted in a Moodle in 2009, 168 training activities (62 online, 30 semi and 76 face) have been offered in 2012, activities that result in more than 1680 hours of training on different topics related to family and children education. The objective of the study will be to compare the results obtained in the study of García, Castro, Junco and Hernández (2011) about the influence of student participation on the levels of satisfaction, with how this influence is modulated by the participation. The study population will be the 5083 users of the Familiasenred.es platform in 2012. To this end, a self-developed satisfaction scale will be employed, limiting the original composed of eleven items Likert. This scale will be administered during the month of December, 2012, voluntarily and after the training proposal 2011-2012. According to the data obtained from the test, comparative analysis between the levels of student satisfaction, the participation in the platform and the teacher participation will be conducted.
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20

Gonçalves, Marta, Paulo Martinho, and C. Guedes Soares. "Assessment of wave energy in the Canary Islands." Renewable Energy 68 (August 2014): 774–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2014.03.017.

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21

Martín Mederos, A. C., J. F. Medina Padrón, and A. E. Feijóo Lorenzo. "An offshore wind atlas for the Canary Islands." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 15, no. 1 (2011): 612–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2010.08.005.

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22

Hernández, José Carlos, María Candelaria Gil Rodríguez, Guacimara Herrera López, and Alberto Brito. "Diet of the “key herbivore” Diadema antillarum in two contrasting habitats in the Canary Islands (Eastern-Atlantic)." Vieraea Folia scientiarum biologicarum canariensium 35, Vieraea 35 (2007): 109–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31939/vieraea.2007.35.11.

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We analyzed the gut content of 30 sea urchins of the species Diadema antillarum which were collected seasonally over the course of two years from two different marine environments (barren grounds and grazing fronts) in the Canary Islands (Tenerife). Results show the influence of these two habitats on the diet of the sea urchin Diadema antillarum. No annual variations in diet were recorded; however we did find seasonal variations in diet in both barren and grazing front habitats. D. antillarum is mainly an herbivorous grazer but it also consumes invertebrates, especially in barren areas where seaweeds are scarce. Within the gut contents, filamentous algae were found in larger proportion than any other algal or animal group, independent of environment, month or year
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23

Milford, C., C. Marrero, C. Martin, J. J. Bustos, and X. Querol. "Forecasting the air pollution episode potential in the Canary Islands." Advances in Science and Research 2, no. 1 (2008): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/asr-2-21-2008.

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Abstract. In the frame of the WMO Global Atmosphere Watch Urban Research Meteorology and Environment programme (GURME), a system for forecasting air pollution episode potential in the Canary Islands has been developed. Meteorological parameters relevant to air quality (synoptic wind speed, wind direction, boundary layer height and temperature at 91 vertical levels) are obtained from the European Centre for Medium range Weather Forecasting (ECMWF) once a day for up to four days ahead. In addition, a model based on the analogue method utilising six years of historical meteorological and air quality data predicts the probability of SO2 concentration exceeding certain thresholds for a measurement station located in Santa Cruz de Tenerife. Meteorological forecasts are also provided from a high resolution (2 km) local area model (MM5) implemented for the Canary Islands domain. This simple system is able to forecast meteorological conditions which are favourable to the occurrence of pollution episodes for the forthcoming days.
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Christie, David, Simon P. Neill, and Peter Arnold. "Characterising the wave energy resource of Lanzarote, Canary Islands." Renewable Energy 206 (April 2023): 1198–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2023.02.126.

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25

Curbelo, Daniasa. "The Others of the Ravine." TSQ: Transgender Studies Quarterly 8, no. 4 (2021): 481–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/23289252-9311074.

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Abstract In the society and culture of the Canary Islands, ravines (barrancos in Spanish) are spaces that contain a wealth of meanings and perceptions attached to a collective imagination. These natural scars that mark and characterize the island's geography represent scenes of dissidence, as will be shown through the spatial and geographic stories of various transsexuals and transvestites who lived in Tenerife between 1970 and 1990; the specific character of their testimonials is situated in a specific context: El Cabo, a barrio in Tenerife, as well as the Santos Ravine (Barranco de Santos in Spanish). The state repression, marginalization, and violence against sexually dissident people during this age will be the main context of analysis. In a brief journey through history, these aspects will be placed in relation to key events from the Francoist dictatorship on the islands, a travel journal of the nineteenth century, and passages from the conquest of the Canary Islands in which the ravines, among them the Santos Ravine itself, take on a relevant importance. Finally, this study will mention the existence of a chapel consecrated to the Virgin of Candelaria in this environment as possibly the most significant crystallization of the otherness of the ravine. This study thereby contemplates reviewing these spaces on the basis of their formation as media in which specific Canary Island subjectivities can be located.
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Torres-Padrón, Maria Esther, Sarah Montesdeoca-Esponda, Sergio Santana-Viera, et al. "An Update of the Occurrence of Organic Contaminants of Emerging Concern in the Canary Islands (Spain)." Water 12, no. 9 (2020): 2548. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12092548.

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Nowadays, activities associated with industries, cities, and leisure generate a number of different wastes, including many chemical pollutants that enter the environment and negatively affect the wildlife. Some of them are emerging organic contaminants (EOCs), which include UV filters and stabilizers, antineoplastic agents, and natural and synthetic steroid hormones, among others. It is well demonstrated that the presence of this kind of contaminants may produce adverse effects in aquatic environments and also in marine organisms. Even though the Canary Islands (Spain) are one of the most biodiverse parts of the temperature regions of the world, little is known about the presence of these substances in the environment and organisms in the archipelago. For that purpose, the objective of this work was to evaluate the presence of some UV filters, cytostatic compounds, and hormones in water (wastewater and seawater), sediments, and marine organisms. Moreover, we evaluated conventional and natural wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) to study the removal efficiencies of these target compounds. UV filters and stabilizers were found in all the analysed samples and were the only target family found in seawater (with UV-329 appearing at all the locations at concentrations between 67.5 and 859 ng L−1). Some cytostatic compounds were detected in hospital wastewater at concentrations between 375.8 and 1851 ng L−1, but not in the analysis of sludge or fish samples. Hormones were detected in wastewater, sludge, and fish samples, and their removal in the natural treatment system (over 76% for all the hormones) allowed to prove it as an efficient technology for the elimination of these EOCs from urban wastewaters in small communities.
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González-Delgado, Sara, Jorge Núñez, and José Carlos Hernández. "Preliminary study on the effect of natural acidification on meiofaunal communities in sandy substrates." Scientia Insularum. Revista de Ciencias Naturales en islas, no. 05 (2024): 135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.25145/j.si.2024.05.08.

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In recent years, research on ocean acidification in CO2 vents has increased, but very few have considered the meiofaunal communities living in sandy substrates, despite their importance as bioindicators. Therefore, the aim of this work is to carry out a preliminary study of the meiofauna associated with sandy substrates in the acidified system of La Palma, Canary Islands, which includes coastal lagoons with very extreme environments. The results obtained based on abundance confirm a significant change in the meiofaunal communities in these coastal lagoons. We found an increase in bioindicator taxa of altered environments: oligochaetes, nematodes, copepods and, to a lesser extent, ostracods and acarids. While xenacelomorphs are the most affected by acidification as they are the only group with a decrease in abundance. All this indicates an alteration in the composition of the meiofaunal communities due to the extreme acidification in the coastal environment of La Palma.
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28

GONZALEZRODRIGUEZ, A., A. MARTINOLIVERA, D. MORALES, and M. JIMENEZ. "Physiological responses of tagasaste to a progressive drought in its native environment on the Canary Islands." Environmental and Experimental Botany 53, no. 2 (2005): 195–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2004.03.013.

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29

Foster, Karen L., and Shiway W. Wang. "The canary is alive and singing: Birds continue to provide invaluable information about our changing environment." Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management 7, no. 1 (2010): 148–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ieam.147.

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30

Bužinskienė, Rita, Astrida Miceikienė, Kęstutis Venslauskas, and Kęstutis Navickas. "Assessment of Energy–Economy and Environmental Performance of Perennial Crops in Terms of Biogas Production." Agronomy 13, no. 5 (2023): 1291. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13051291.

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Biogas production plays an important role in the clean energy economy and is reducing the problems of the energy crisis. The main objective of the current study is to analyze environmental performance by using perennial energy crops in the agricultural sector. Perennial energy crops are neutral for carbon and can be used for electricity and heating, which may mitigate climate change as well. The purpose of this work was to investigate and compare the energy–economy effectiveness and environmental performance of the suitability of four perennial crops for biogas production. Environmental performance was analyzed using the method of the life cycle assessment. To identify the most environmentally sustainable perennial crops for biogas production, a comparative analysis was conducted on four different crops: Lucerne, Miscanthus, Switchgrass, and Reed canary grass. The results of the analysis showed that Lucerne and Miscanthus, during the first–sixth years period, have lower indirect energy input (from 15.2 to 3.2 GJ/ha and 15.6 to 3.2 GJ/ha) than Switchgrass (from 20.9 to 3.2 GJ/ha) and Reed canary grass (from 16.7 to 3.2 GJ/ha). However, the highest direct energy input was determined by Lucerne (from 15.7 to 1.6 GJ/ha), and Miscanthus (from 11.9 to 0.9 GJ/ha) compared to Switchgrass (from 7.4 to 1.8 GJ/ha) and Reed canary grass (from 8.1 to 1.6 GJ/ha). Additionally, the lowest result of the direct economy and indirect economy costs was determined by Lucerne (from 3.9 to 3.7 kEUR/ha (direct) and 9.9 to 2.1 kEUR/ha (indirect)) and by Miscanthus (from 2.4 to 4.9 kEUR/ha (direct) and 11.8 to 1.9 kEUR/ha (indirect)) compared to Switchgrass (5.9 to 5.7 kEUR/ha (direct) and 17.5 to 2.1 kEUR/ha (indirect)), and reed canary grass (from 5.3 to 4.9 kEUR/ha (direct) and 13.7 to 1.9 kEUR/ha (indirect), respectively. The assessment of environmental performance revealed that Reed canary grass and Miscanthus had a more pronounced impact on Acidification. In contrast, Lucerne and Switchgrass had a more significant impact on Eutrophication indicators. The crop cultivation of four perennial crops impacted the environment in various significant ways. Despite the varying environmental impacts of the four perennial crops, the analysis revealed that all of them have the potential to increase biogas production.
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Escamilla-Fraile, Santiago, Francisco J. Ramos-Real, Francisco J. Calero-García, and Benjamín González-Díaz. "A Review of the Energy Policy and Energy Transition Objectives for 2040 in the Canary Islands (Spain)." Energies 16, no. 3 (2023): 1321. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16031321.

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The objective of this work is to analyze the possibility of compliance with the objectives committed to by the Canary Islands authorities, which aim to reach a completely decarbonized economy by 2040, meaning ten years earlier than the entire EU. Since historically, energy planning in the Canary Islands did not achieve its objectives by far, we will first identify the historical obstacles which had prevented the achievement of this planification, to later highlight the main differences between the energy transition foreseen by the current planning instruments of the government of the Canary Islands and the expected evolution of the energy transition of the archipelago. Beyond this point, and, within the frame of energy governance, we will understand how the root of this failure lies in planning instruments developed hierarchically, without including the view of the different stakeholders involved in the process. The final goal, after identifying the main barriers faced by the energy transition in the Canary Islands, is to provide a set of recommendations contributing to supporting a successful energy transition for the archipelago.
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Louhelainen, Jarmo, and Alén Raimo. "Behavior of carbohydrate-based material in black liquor during heating." Thermal Science 8, no. 2 (2004): 81–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci0402081l.

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One industrial softwood Kraft black liquor was heat-treated (at 175 ?C and 190 ?C for 15-60 min) together with laboratory-made soda-AQ (wheat straw and reed canary grass) and Kraft (reed canary grass) black liquors (at 190 ?C for 30 min). The feedstock black liquors were characterized with respect to their polysaccharide (mainly xylem) and aliphatic carboxylic acid contents before and after the heat treatments. It was noted that, due to the higher amount of polysaccharides in the non-wood black liquors (8.2-16.6% of d.s) compared to that in the softwood black liquor (1.4% of d.s), the heat treatment in the former case resulted in a 5-30% increase in the amount of aliphatic acids formed by various alkali-catalyzed degradation reactions of the liquor polysaccharides. In addition, in each case detailed gas chromatographic studies revealed that as a general trend the content of higher-molecular-mass acids decreased on heating with the subsequent increase in the content of lower-molecular-mass acids.
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LORENZO QUIJADA, RAUL, SEBASTIAN OVIDIO PEREZ BAEZ, ALEJANDRO RAMOS MARTIN, BEATRIZ DEL RIO GAMERO, and JENIFER VASWANI. "EVALUATION OF THE CARBON FOOTPRINT IN THE TREATMENT OF URBAN WASTEWATER IN THE CANARY ISLANDS (SPAIN)." DYNA ENERGIA Y SOSTENIBILIDAD 13, no. 1 (2024): [20P.]. http://dx.doi.org/10.6036/es11146.

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ABSTRACT: Wastewater treatment plants play an important role within the urban water cycle to prevent the natural water environment and human health from being negatively affected by human activities. However, wastewater treatment processes, such as effluent discharge and indirect emissions resulting from energy or chemical production, also negatively affect the environment. Footprints have been used to track human influence on the environment in different areas of interest and have been applied to assess the sustainability of wastewater treatment plants. In this article, a comprehensive review of footprint assessment was investigated to evaluate the wastewater treatment process in wastewater treatment plants. The review showed that carbon footprinting was used to assess the sustainability of WWTPs, and that other footprint assessment applications (such as nitrogen and phosphorus footprinting) were also introduced to assess eutrophication of water bodies. To promote the application of footprint assessment, this article regulates the study objectives, frameworks, system boundaries, data processing methods, and the resulting interpretation process. The pros and cons of the footprint assessments were discussed and investigated in detail, examining the CO2 production on each island of the Canary archipelago, and several suggestions were proposed to improve the footprint assessments. Analysis of footprint assessments at different wastewater treatment plants revealed that wastewater treatment technologies and scales had a significant impact on footprints. Furthermore, research hotspots identified using a keyword network diagram showed that the water-carbon-energy nexus was a promising direction for future studies. The purpose of the study is to improve the reduction of the carbon footprint both at the level of direct and indirect emissions factors using new tools and methodologies. Key Words: Footprint; Waste water; Canary Islands
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Sarro, Roberto, Rosa María Mateos, Paola Reichenbach, et al. "Geotechnics for rockfall assessment in the volcanic island of Gran Canaria (Canary Islands, Spain)." Journal of Maps, 16, no. 2 (2020): 605–13. https://doi.org/10.1080/17445647.2020.1806125.

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The island of Gran Canaria (Canary Islands, Spain) is characterized by a large variability of volcanic rocks reflecting its volcanic evolution. The geological map provided by Geological Survey of Spain at 1:25.000 scale shows more than 109 different lithologies and it is too complex for environmental and engineering purposes. This work presents a simplified geotechnical map with a small number of classes grouping up units with similar geotechnical behaviours. The lithologies were grouped using about 350 rock samples, collected in the seven major islands of the Archipelago. The geotechnical map was used to model rockfall hazard in the entire island of Gran Canaria, where rockfalls are an important threat. The rockfall map was validated with 128 rockfall events along the GC-200 road, located in the NW sector of Gran Canaria. About 96% of the events occurred along sections of the road where the number of expected trajectories is high or moderate.
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35

Calvagna, Simona. "Natura, architettura e paesaggio nel Parco del Drago a Tenerife." Ri-Vista. Research for landscape architecture 20, no. 2 (2023): 232–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/rv-13362.

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The oldest living specimen of Dracaena draco subsp. draco, an endemism of the Canary Island and Madera, whose health had been threatened by the urban development of the neighbouring town of Icod de los Vinos, in the north of Tenerife, at the end of the last century was at the centre of a choral process involving politicians, inhabitants and designers, aimed at restoring, through the design of a park in its surroundings, the thermophilic forest conditions of its original habitat. At a time when attention to environmental issues still constituted a niche research field, the park project aimed to re-establish, in a co-evolutive logic, not only the ecological relations of the tree with its environment, but also the network of myths and legends that link the long-lived Canary Island Dragon specimen to the local population. The study traces and illustrates the reasons of the project through an original photographic apparatus, enriched by drawings and considerations deriving from documentary research supplemented by conversations with the author of the work.
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Senze, Magdalena, Monika Kowalska-Góralska, Katarzyna Czyż, and Anna Wondołowska-Grabowska. "Possibility of Metal Accumulation in Reed Canary Grass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) in the Aquatic Environment of South-Western Polish Rivers." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 13 (2022): 7779. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19137779.

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A four-year research study was conducted on aquatic plants (reed canary grass) growing in the beds of three rivers and their tributaries in Lower Silesia, Poland. Metal contents (Cu, Cd, Ni, Pb, Zn, Fe, Mn) were determined in plant samples, metal accumulation in water (BCFw) and sediment (BCFB), Metal Pollution Index (MPI) and Enrichment Factor (EF) were calculated. The highest contents of copper, lead, nickel and cadmium were found in reed canary grass sampled from the Nysa Szalona River. The highest values were recorded for zinc in the Bystrzyca River, and for iron and manganese in the Strzegomka River. The series of metals were as follows: Nysa Szalona and Strzegomka: Cd < Ni < Pb < Cu < Zn < Mn < Fe, Bystrzyca: Cd < Ni < Cu < Pb < Zn < Mn < Fe. Throughout the study period, the lowest values of metals in plants were recorded in 2015 and 2018, and the highest in 2017. The general picture of MPI in aquatic plants is arranged in the series Bystrzyca < Strzegomka < Nysa Szalona. These values classify the studied material at a high level of pollution in all rivers. In the comparison of the two extreme sites, i.e., source–mouth, higher values were found at the mouth of the reservoir, which suggests that metals move with the water current and accumulate more with the direction of the river flow, which is most likely a consequence of the influence of the catchment area as the source of metals. The series of EF enrichment factor values were as follows: Bystrzyca—Ni < Cd < Fe < Cu < Zn < Mn < Pb, Nysa Szalona—Ni < Fe < Zn < Cd < Mn < Cu < Pb, Strzegomka—Ni < Cd < Fe < Zn < Cu < Pb < Mn. For all the samples studied, the values found in spring were much higher than in autumn, which indicates the great importance for research in that area. The levels of copper and iron were within the range of moderate values, lead and manganese reached very high and exceptionally high values, and the remaining metals were within the values described as significant. Bioaccumulation of metals determined relative to bottom sediments was highest in 2017 and lowest in 2018, while bioaccumulation relative to water was highest in 2018 and lowest in 2016. The four-year study found that the metal content in reed canary grass was mostly within the range of mean values presented in the literature from moderately polluted areas. Also, no significant deviation was found from levels that have been recorded for the same rivers for more than two decades.
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37

Fresneau, Nolwenn, and Wendt Müller. "Information warfare in avian families: sex-specific begging responses to need and social environment in canary nestlings." Animal Behaviour 115 (May 2016): 137–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2016.03.015.

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38

Sanchez-Henao, Andres, Natalia García-Álvarez, Freddy Silva Sergent, et al. "Presence of CTXs in moray eels and dusky groupers in the marine environment of the Canary Islands." Aquatic Toxicology 221 (April 2020): 105427. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105427.

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39

Foster, KL, and SW Wang. "Erratum: The canary is alive and singing: Birds continue to provide invaluable information about our changing environment." Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management 7, no. 2 (2011): 311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ieam.187.

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40

Martín-Cejas, Roberto Rendeiro. "The Influence of the Resident Subsidy on Regional Carrier Economies and the Environment in the Canary Interisland Air Traffic Network." Tourism and Hospitality 3, no. 3 (2022): 558–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tourhosp3030034.

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The existence of aviation subsidies can exacerbate congestion in airports that operate near their maximum threshold. One of the main operational issues in airports, that is, aircraft taxiing operations, could become more difficult and, therefore, produce negative effects on airport capacity management. Air carrier economies, touristic mobility (leisure travel), and the environment could also be negatively affected. Greenhouse gas emissions, passenger travel time, and air carriers’ fuel costs, for example, might rise due to aircrafts’ increased taxiing time. This paper seeks to analyse the impact of regional aviation subsidies for regional hub airports in the Canary Island air traffic network; specifically, the effect it has on airports’ capacity in terms of LTO (landing and taking off) cycle delays and its repercussions for passenger travel time, air carrier economics, and the environment. Therefore, to quantify the extent that the increased traffic from subsidies cause airport ground operations to delay flights, the disturbance between aircraft categories in landing and taking off operations must be considered. The disturbance between aircrafts will be evaluated by employing a simple model of landing intervals considering two aircraft categories (i.e., ATRs-72, ATRs-42, and B737/A320 aircraft families). The above-mentioned methodology provides an approximation of the average processing rate for take-off using the ultimate capacity concept for a variety of aircrafts landing on a single runway of the airport. As a result, it must be noted that there is a potential economic and environmental impact associated with the implementation of the subsidy increase for residents’ interisland travel and from the Canary Islands to the mainland. There is also a negative effect on runways for both airports due to the capacity constraints. These impacts, however, have to be balanced with the social and economic benefits that each regional inhabitant derives from the subsidy in terms of improvement of their mobility for any purpose.
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41

Lötjönen, Timo, and Teuvo Paappanen. "Bale density of reed canary grass spring harvest." Biomass and Bioenergy 51 (April 2013): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2012.12.041.

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42

Finell, Michael, Mehrdad Arshadi, and Rolf Gref. "Carbohydrate composition in delayed harvested reed canary grass." Biomass and Bioenergy 35, no. 3 (2011): 1097–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2010.11.034.

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Nazli, Recep Irfan, Veyis Tansi, Hasan Hüseyin Öztürk, and Alpaslan Kusvuran. "Miscanthus, switchgrass, giant reed, and bulbous canary grass as potential bioenergy crops in a semi-arid Mediterranean environment." Industrial Crops and Products 125 (December 2018): 9–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2018.08.090.

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44

González-Rodríguez, A. M., D. Morales, and M. S. Jiménez. "Leaf Gas Exchange Characteristics in Relation to Leaf Canopy Position ofMyrica fayain its Native Environment (Tenerife, Canary Islands)." Plant Biology 4, no. 5 (2002): 576–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2002-35439.

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45

López, Cataixa, Fernando Tuya, and Sabrina Clemente. "Understanding Balanophyllia regia Distribution in the Canary Islands: Effects of Environmental Factors and Methodologies for Future Monitoring." Diversity 16, no. 8 (2024): 475. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d16080475.

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The future of marine ecosystems is at risk due to climate change and other human impacts. Specifically, due to ocean warming, some tropical species are expanding their populations while populations of temperate species are in regression, making the establishment of conservation measures imperative to maintain local biodiversity. In this study we establish a baseline on the distribution and abundance of the temperate coral Balanophyllia regia from the Canary Islands. We found that the main environmental factors determining B. regia’s distribution and abundance were sea surface temperature and hydrodynamic conditions. Areas under large wave action and colder environments enhanced this warm-temperate species’ development. Since its metabolic performance depends exclusively on the surrounding environment, we also propose a methodology to potentially monitor climate change on coastal habitats through this azooxanthellate calcified coral. Results of a tagging experiment showed that a concentration of 20 mg/mL of calcein during 6 h might be enough to in situ label polyps of B. regia without compromising corallite survival. Long-term monitoring of population abundances and growth rates of B. regia through calcein tagging will allow us to identify alterations in local ecosystems early and focus future conservation investments on the most vulnerable areas with higher ecological and economic value.
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46

Ramos-Suárez, J. L., A. Ritter, J. Mata González, and A. Camacho Pérez. "Biogas from animal manure: A sustainable energy opportunity in the Canary Islands." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 104 (April 2019): 137–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2019.01.025.

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47

Paz, Soraya, Carmen Rubio-Armendáriz, Inmaculada Frías, et al. "Toxic and Trace Elements in Seaweeds from a North Atlantic Ocean Region (Tenerife, Canary Islands)." Sustainability 14, no. 10 (2022): 5967. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14105967.

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Canary Islands is a North Atlantic Ocean archipelago in the Macaronesian region that stand out for its great algae diversity and its climatic conditions. However, even in this low industrialised area, human activities tend to increase the marine pollution. Asparagopsis spp. and Liagora spp. algae are red algae frequent in the Canary Islands’ coasts. Therefore, they could be used as bio-indicators of marine pollution for trace elements. A total of 30 samples of both algae’s species from Tenerife’s southern coast, specifically in Playa Grande, Porís de Abona, in Arico (Tenerife, Spain) were used to determine trace element content (Mn, B, Ba, Cu, Cd, Co, Fe, Li, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sr, V, Zn, Al, Cr) through inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP—OES). Highest Fe concentrations were found in Liagora spp. concentrations (1190 ± 1545 mg/kg dw) and Al (288 ± 157 mg/kg dw) was more significant in Asparagopsis spp. High concentrations of B were also registered in both species 80.2 ± 34.2 mg/kg dw and 77.9 ± 34.2 mg/kg dw, respectively. The recorded concentrations show a high contamination scenario in the collected area. Porís is known by its marine diversity and by its higher pollution levels, compared with other locations of Tenerife, due to the currents present on the Canary Island and its singular north orientation, actions must be taken to reduce pollution.
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48

Sánchez-Almeida, Raquel, Cintia Hernández-Sánchez, Cristina Villanova-Solano, et al. "Microplastics Determination in Gastrointestinal Tracts of European Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and Gilt-Head Sea Bream (Sparus aurata) from Tenerife (Canary Islands, Spain)." Polymers 14, no. 10 (2022): 1931. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14101931.

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Microplastic pollution has an extremely widespread distribution, to the extent that microplastics could be ingested by aquatic organisms, including species of commercial importance for fisheries and aquaculture. In this work, the anthropogenic particles content of the gastrointestinal tracts of 86 individuals of cultivated European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax, n = 45) and gilt-head sea bream (Sparus aurata, n = 41) from Tenerife (Canary Islands, Spain) was determined. Samples were bought at local markets and directly transported to the laboratory. After the dissection of the fishes and digestion of the gastrointestinal tracts in 10% KOH (w/v) at 60 °C for 24 h, the digests were filtered (50 µm stainless-steel mesh) and visualized under a stereomicroscope, finding that most of the items were colourless (47.7% for Dicentrarchus labrax and 60.9% for Sparus aurata) and blue (35.3% vs. 24.8%) microfibers, with an average length of 1957 ± 1699 µm and 1988 ± 1853 µm, respectively. Moreover, 15.3% of the microfibres were analysed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, showing the prevalence of cellulosic fibres together with polyester, polyacrylonitrile, and poly(ether-urethane). This pattern (microplastics shapes, colours, sizes, and composition) clearly agrees with previous studies carried out in the Canary Islands region regarding the determination of microplastics in the marine environment.
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Ferrández-García, Clara-Eugenia, Antonio Ferrández-García, Manuel Ferrández-Villena, Juan Hidalgo-Cordero, Teresa García-Ortuño, and María-Teresa Ferrández-García. "Physical and Mechanical Properties of Particleboard Made from Palm Tree Prunings." Forests 9, no. 12 (2018): 755. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f9120755.

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Palm trees are very fast-growing species. Their management produces annually a large amount of biomass that traditionally has been either disposed of at dumping sites or has been burnt onsite. This paper presents an experimental study to obtain particleboard using this biomass in a low energy process (short pressing time and low pressing temperature), using particles of different sizes from the rachis (midrib) of the three palm species most representative of urban gardening in Spain: canary palm (Phoenix canariensis hort. ex Chabaud), date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) and washingtonia palm (Washingtonia robusta H. Wendl). Their physical and mechanical properties were tested, and the feasibility of their use as a construction material was evaluated. The results showed that the manufactured particleboard had similar performance to conventional wood particleboard and good thermal insulation properties. Boards made with the canary species showed better mechanical performance. The properties of the particleboard depended on the particle size and species. The use of the pruning waste of palm trees to produce durable materials such as particleboard could be beneficial to the environment since it is a method of carbon fixation, helping to decrease atmospheric pollution and reducing the amount of waste that ends in dumping sites.
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Estevez, Pablo, Juan Oses-Prieto, David Castro, Alejandro Penin, Alma Burlingame, and Ana Gago-Martinez. "First Detection of Algal Caribbean Ciguatoxin in Amberjack Causing Ciguatera Poisoning in the Canary Islands (Spain)." Toxins 16, no. 4 (2024): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins16040189.

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Ciguatera Poisoning (CP) is an illness associated with the consumption of fish contaminated with potent natural toxins found in the marine environment, commonly known as ciguatoxins (CTXs). The risk characterization of CP has become a worldwide concern due to the widespread expansion of these natural toxins. The identification of CTXs is hindered by the lack of commercially available reference materials. This limitation impedes progress in developing analytical tools and conducting toxicological studies essential for establishing regulatory levels for control. This study focuses on characterizing the CTX profile of an amberjack responsible for a recent CP case in the Canary Islands (Spain), located on the east Atlantic coast. The exceptional sensitivity offered by Capillary Liquid Chromatography coupled with High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (cLC-HRMS) enabled the detection, for the first time in fish contaminated in the Canary Islands, of traces of an algal ciguatoxin recently identified in G. silvae and G. caribeaus from the Caribbean Sea. This algal toxin was structurally characterized by cLC-HRMS being initially identified as C-CTX5. The total toxin concentration of CTXs was eight times higher than the guidance level proposed by the Food and Drug Administration (0.1 ng C-CTX1/g fish tissue), with C-CTX1 and 17-hydroxy-C-CTX1 as major CTXs.
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