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Journal articles on the topic 'Carbon-based composites'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2025

Last updated: 15 July 2025

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Dyana Merline, J., and C. P. Reghunadhan Nair. "Carbon / Epoxy Resin Based Elastic Memory Composites." Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal 14, no. 3 (2012): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.18321/ectj118.

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Elastic memory composites were processed from shape memory epoxy resins and carbon fabric reinforcements. Three different types of epoxies (diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A, tris(4-glycidyloxy phenyl)methane, and epoxy novolac) were used as matrices. Developed composites were evaluated for flexural strength and analyzed by Dynamic Mechanical Thermal analysis. Of the three different epoxy systems with carbon: resin ratio of 50:50, the composite with diepoxy system exhibited maximum glass transition value of 119 °C, epoxy novalac system exhibited a low glass transition value of 54 °C and the tris epoxy system exhibited a glass transition of 100 °C respectively. The flexural strength and modulus of the composites were optimised at a concentration of 40 wt.%. The transition temperature also showed a maximum at around this composition. Bending test was adopted for the shape memory evaluation. All the developed composites exhibited more than 90% shape recovery. The diepoxy resin series of composites exhibited the maximum shape recovery of 97%. The shape recovery properties of the tris epoxy and epoxy novolac-based composites were inferior. For the diepoxy resin-based system, the shape recovery time was proportional to the resin content. The shape recovery of composite with 80% resin was demonstrated experimentally. The properties of the composites show that these systems have the required elastic memory characteristics for possible use in thermo-responsive self-deployable applications.

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Wang, Bin, Bugao Xu, and Hejun Li. "Fabrication and properties of carbon/carbon-carbon foam composites." Textile Research Journal 89, no. 21-22 (2019): 4452–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517519836942.

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This paper was focused on the development of a new composite for high thermal insulation applications with carbon/carbon (C/C) composites, carbon foams and an interlayer of phenolic-based carbon. The microstructure, mechanical properties, fracture mechanism and thermal insulation performance of the composite was investigated. The experiment results showed that the bonding strength of the C/C-carbon foam composite was 4.31 MPa, and that the fracture occurred and propagated near the interface of the carbon foam and the phenolic-based carbon interlayer due to the relatively weak bonding. The shear load-displacement curves were characterized by alternated linear slopes and serrated plateaus before a final failure. he experiment revealed that the thermal conductivity of the C/C-carbon foam composite was 1.55 W·m−1ċK−1 in 800℃, which was 95.8% lower than that of C/C composites, proving that the thermal insulation of the new foam composite was greatly enhanced by the carbon foam with its porous hollow microstructure.

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Pramono, Agus Edy, Iman Setyadi, Aminudin Zuhri, Anissa Puspa Dewi, and Nanik Indayaningsih. "Uneven Doping of Metal Powder in Carbon Polymer Composites Affects Electrical Conductivity Properties." Recent in Engineering Science and Technology 3, no. 2 (2025): 1–14. https://doi.org/10.59511/riestech.v3i2.95.

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This paper compares the electrical conductivity of LLDPE-carbon composite materials, LLDPE-carbon-aluminum composites, and LLDPE-carbon-copper composites. Doping with aluminum (Al) and copper (Cu) metal powders influences electrical conductivity in carbon-based polymer composite materials. Adding metal powders as secondary fillers to a mixture of conductive carbon powders and LLDPE can decrease electrical conductivity. This is due to the agglomeration or clustering of metal powders within the polymer matrix, which disrupts conductive pathways and diminishes the efficiency of electrical charge transfer. The impact of filler type and quantity on electrical conductivity in composite materials was examined, and the findings revealed that factors such as the filler's amount, shape, and dispersal significantly affect the composite's electrical resistance properties. Increasing the amount of metal powder filler raises the composite's viscosity, reducing adhesion between the metal and polymer fillers while promoting metal-to-metal contacts.

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Kamal, Khaliesah. "Structural Characterization of Magnesium-based Metal-organic Framework Carbon Composites." International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation 24, no. 02 (2020): 2427–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.37200/ijpr/v24i2/pr200540.

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Kabat, Oleg, Vladimir Sytar, and Konstiantin Sukhyy. "Antifrictional Polymer Composites Based on Aromatic Polyamide and Carbon Black." Chemistry & Chemical Technology 12, no. 3 (2018): 326–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/chcht12.03.326.

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Galstian, I. Ye, E. G. Len, E. A. Tsapko, et al. "Low-Temperature Thermionic Converters Based on Metal–Nanostructured Carbon Composites." METALLOFIZIKA I NOVEISHIE TEKHNOLOGII 42, no. 4 (2020): 451–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/mfint.42.04.0451.

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Lota, Katarzyna, Agnieszka Sierczynska, and Grzegorz Lota. "Supercapacitors Based on Nickel Oxide/Carbon Materials Composites." International Journal of Electrochemistry 2011 (2011): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/321473.

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In the thesis, the properties of nickel oxide/active carbon composites as the electrode materials for supercapacitors are discussed. Composites with a different proportion of nickel oxide/carbon materials were prepared. A nickel oxide/carbon composite was prepared by chemically precipitating nickel hydroxide on an active carbon and heating the hydroxide at 300 ∘Cin the air. Phase compositions of the products were characterized using X-ray diffractometry (XRD). The morphology of the composites was observed by SEM. The electrochemical performances of composite electrodes used in electrochemical capacitors were studied in addition to the properties of electrode consisting of separate active carbon and nickel oxide only. The electrochemical measurements were carried out using cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge/discharge, and impedance spectroscopy. The composites were tested in 6 M KOH aqueous electrolyte using two- and three-electrode Swagelok systems. The results showed that adding only a few percent of nickel oxide to active carbon provided the highest value of capacity. It is the confirmation of the fact that such an amount of nickel oxide is optimal to take advantage of both components of the composite, which additionally can be a good solution as a negative electrode in asymmetric configuration of electrode materials in an electrochemical capacitor.

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Chukov, Dilyus, Sarvarkhodzha Nematulloev, Andrey Stepashkin, Aleksey Maksimkin, Dmitriy Zherebtsov, and Victor Tcherdyntsev. "Novel carbon fibers reinforced composites based on polysulfone matrix." MATEC Web of Conferences 242 (2018): 01004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201824201004.

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The aim of this study is to create composites based on the high-temperature polymer reinforced with the carbon fibers and to study interfacial interaction between carbon fibers and polymer matrix. We propose a new method to obtain polysulfone based composite materials reinforced with high-modulus carbon fibers. The influences of thermal oxidation of carbon fibers on mechanical and thermal properties of the composites were studied. It was found that the obtained composite materials have sufficiently high mechanical properties, tensile strength up to 1047 MPa and Young’s modulus up to 70.9 GPa were found. Considerable interest to the polymer composites is associated with their high performance and good mechanical and thermal properties, which enable a broad range of aerospace, automotive and medical applications. Additionally, the manufacturing process of such composites can easily be optimized and automatized, furthermore, it is not time-consuming process in relation with thermosetting polymer based composites.

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Naito, Kimiyoshi, Chiemi Nagai, Keiichi Shirasu, Yoshinobu Shimamura, and Yoku Inoue. "Tensile properties and fracture behavior of carbon nanotube-sheets/carbon fibers epoxy-impregnated bundle composites." Polymers and Polymer Composites 30 (January 2022): 096739112211094. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09673911221109436.

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An interesting technique for modifying carbon fiber-reinforced polymer matrix composites is through hybridization with carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Carbon nanotubes sheets/carbon fibers offer potential benefits of nanoscale reinforcement to the well-established fibrous composites by creating multiscale hybrid micro-nano composites. In this study, the tensile properties of high tensile strength polyacrylonitrile (PAN)- and high modulus pitch-based carbon fiber-reinforced polymer matrix composites incorporating CNT sheets (CNT-sh/CFs/Ep-H: CNT sheets/carbon fibers/epoxy hybrid composites) were investigated. To fabricate CNT sheets, CNT was vertically grown on a quartz glass plate by chemical vapor deposition. A solid-state drawing and winding technique was applied to transform the vertically aligned CNT array into horizontally aligned CNT sheets. The tensile modulus of the CNT-sh/CFs/Ep-H was higher than that of the composite in the as-received state (CFs/Ep: carbon fibers/epoxy bundle composite). The tensile strength of the CNT-sh/PAN-based CF/Ep-H was lower than that of the PAN-based CF/Ep, whereas the tensile strength of the CNT-sh/pitch-based CF/Ep-H was higher than that of the pitch-based CF/Ep.

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Fényi, B., N. Hegman, F. Wéber, P. Arató, and Cs Balázsi. "DC conductivity of silicon nitride based carbon-ceramic composites." Processing and Application of Ceramics 1, no. 1-2 (2007): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pac0702057f.

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The silicon nitride ceramics are usually known as strongly refractory and enduring materials and have typical electrically insulating properties. If the reinforcing phase of ceramic composite (that is mainly put in the material to improve mechanical properties) is a good electrical conductor, it is worth to investigate the composite in electrical aspect. In this work carbon nanotubes, black-carbon and graphite were added to the basic silicon nitride ceramic and the electrical conductivity of the prepared carbon-ceramic composites was determined. The conductivity of the ceramic composites with different type and concentration of the carbon additives was observed by applying four point DC resistance measurements. Insulator and conductor composites in a wide conductivity range can be produced depending on the type and quantity of the additives. The additive types as well as the sintering parameters have influence on the basic electrical properties of the conductor composites.

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Constantinescu, Gabriel, Ana Horovistiz, José Paulo Santos, and Mário Sousa Henriques. "Sustainable Monocoque Materials for Application in E-Scooter Chassis: Mechanical Properties of Highly Biodegradable Polymer Composites." Materials Science Forum 1150 (June 3, 2025): 3–8. https://doi.org/10.4028/p-pbbc1b.

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This study investigated the potential of biodegradable polymer composites for e-scooter chassis applications in response to the growing demand for sustainable materials. Four composites were tested: two carbon fiber-based (10H and 4H), one fiberglass-based, and one linen (flax)-based. The mechanical properties evaluated included tensile strength, flexural strength, modulus of elasticity, and impact resistance. The results showed that carbon fiber composites (10H and 4H) demonstrated tensile strengths of 2900 MPa and 2860 MPa, respectively, while the flax composite achieved a tensile strength of 940 MPa. The fiberglass composite exhibited the highest flexural strength at 2200 MPa, followed by the carbon 10H composite at 1690 MPa and the flax composite at 1300 MPa. Impact resistance ranged from 90 kJ/m² for the fiberglass composite to 75 kJ/m² for the flax composite. The modulus of elasticity was highest in the carbon 10H composite at 134 GPa, with the flax composite having the lowest value of 70 GPa. These findings suggest that biodegradable composites, particularly carbon and flax-based materials, could serve as viable alternatives to traditional materials in e-scooter chassis applications. However, further research is required to validate their performance under real-world conditions.

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Islam, Md Zahirul, Ali Amiri, and Chad A. Ulven. "Fatigue Behavior Comparison of Inter-Ply and Intra-Ply Hybrid Flax-Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composites." Journal of Composites Science 5, no. 7 (2021): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs5070184.

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Hybridization of natural fiber with synthetic fiber to reinforce polymer matrix composites is an effective way of increasing fatigue strength of composites with substantial amount of bio-based content. Flax is the strongest type of bast natural fiber, possessing excellent mechanical and damping properties. Fatigue properties of flax fiber hybridized with synthetic carbon fiber reinforced polymer matrix composites were studied. Fatigue properties of inter-ply hybrid flax-carbon fiber reinforced composite were compared to intra-ply hybrid flax-carbon fiber reinforced composites through tensile fatigue testing at 70% load of ultimate tensile strength and with a loading frequency of 3 Hz. For similar amount (by mass) of flax and carbon fiber, intra-ply flax-carbon fiber hybrid reinforced composite exhibited a very large increase (>2000%) in fatigue life compared to inter-ply flax-carbon fiber hybrid reinforced composites. Suitable hybridization can produce hybrid composites that are as strong as synthetic fiber composites while containing a high bio-based content of natural fibers.

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Yang, Wen-Yi, Neng Yan, Yu Liang, et al. "Application of Carbon-Based Composites in Supercapacitors." Science of Advanced Materials 16, no. 10 (2024): 1030–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/sam.2024.4701.

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Supercapacitors (SCs) are now one of the devices most likely to contribute to major developments in energy storage technology due to their ultra-high power density and rapidly increasing energy density. The electrode material for supercapacitors is usually carbon, due to its advantages of cheapness, good electrical conductivity, developed pore size, and ease access, especially the use of waste generated in the agricultural production process as raw material to make it renewable characteristics.However, the lower energy density of supercapacitors made of carbon materials compared to batteries limits the possibility of their wider application. In recent years, it has become an important research direction in the field of supercapacitors to substantially increase the energy density of supercapacitors by compositing carbon-based materials to provide both double layer capacitance and pseudocapacitance. This paper summarizes the latest key achievements and progress of carbon-based composites for supercapacitors at home and abroad in recent years, including the technical methods and properties of composites of biomass carbon materials with transition metal oxides, conductive polymers, metal-organic framework compounds, polymetallic oxides, and reduced graphene oxide, etc., reviews the strengths and weaknesses of various types of carbon-based composite electrode materials, and finally the future direction of the development of carbon-based composite electrode materials is prospected.

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Li, Zhenhui, Ke Xu, and Yusheng Pan. "Recent development of Supercapacitor Electrode Based on Carbon Materials." Nanotechnology Reviews 8, no. 1 (2019): 35–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ntrev-2019-0004.

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Abstract Supercapacitor has gained significant attention due to its fast charging/discharging speed, high power density and long-term cycling stability in contrast to traditional batteries. In this review, state-of-the-art achievements on supercapacitor electrode based on carbon materials is summarized. In all-carbon composite materials part, various carbon materials including graphene, carbon nanotube, carbon foam and carbon cloth are composited to fabricate larger specific surface area and higher electrical conductivity electrodes. However, obstacles of low power density as well as low cycling life still remain to be addressed. In metal-oxide composites part, carbon nanotube, graphene, carbon fiber fabric and hollow carbon nanofibers combine with MnO2 respectively, which significantly address drawbacks of all-carbon material electrodes. Additionally, TiO2 is incorporated into graphene electrode to overcome the low mechanical flexibility of graphene. In organic active compounds part, conducting polymers are employed to combinate with carbon materials to fabricate high specific capacitance, long-term thermal stability and outstanding electroconductivity flexible textile supercapacitors. In each part, innovation, fabrication process and performance of the resulting composites are demonstrated. Finally, future directions that could enhance the performance of supercapacitors are discussed.

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Zolotarenko, A. D. "METAL-CARBON COMPOSITES BASED ON CARBON NANOSTRUCTURES." Alternative Energy and Ecology (ISJAEE), no. 7-9 (January 1, 2017): 75–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.15518/isjaee.2017.07-09.075-089.

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White, J. L., and P. M. Sheaffer. "Pitch-based processing of carbon-carbon composites." Carbon 27, no. 5 (1989): 697–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0008-6223(89)90203-0.

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Chaipanich, Arnon, and Nittaya Jaitanong. "Fabrication and Properties of PZT-Cement-Encapsulated Carbon Composites." Key Engineering Materials 421-422 (December 2009): 428–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.421-422.428.

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Lead zirconate titanate, Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 (PZT) has excellent piezoelectric properties and has been used in a number of applications such as sensors and actuators. Recently, PZT has been used with a cement based material to produce new types of composite. These new piezoelectric-cement based composites have been developed for sensor applications in civil engineering works where these composites would provide better matching to concrete than the existing normal piezoelectric ceramic or piezoelectric-polymer composites. In this work, encapsulated carbon addition of 2% by volume was added to the PZT-cement composites using pressed-cured method. Dielectric properties of the composites were investigated from 1 to 100 kHz as a preliminary investigation. The results show that the dielectric constant was found to be higher for the composite with the addition of encapsulated carbon. The dielectric loss of the composite with the encapsulated carbon, however, was found to be less when compared to the composite with no encapsulated carbon. Scanning electron micrographs of these composites also revealed that a dense microstructure can be obtained from this method.

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Hong, Yi, Zuohua Li, Guofu Qiao, Jinping Ou, and Wei Cheng. "Pressure sensitivity of multiscale carbon-admixtures–enhanced cement-based composites." Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology 8 (January 1, 2018): 184798041879352. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1847980418793529.

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The pressure-sensitive cement-based composites added with multiscale carbon materials, that is, carbon blacks, carbon fibers, and carbon nanotubes are investigated. In the article, the sensing property of cement-based composites with seven different proportions of carbon blacks, carbon fibers, and carbon nanotubes under cyclic loading is discussed and then the optimized formula among these seven proportions is chosen to investigate the influences of temperature and saturation degree on its sensing properties. In addition, the maximum perceivable frequency of multiscale carbon-admixtures–enhanced cement-based composite is obtained from the experimental results. The results indicate that the fractional change in resistance of the cement-based sensing composites increases at first and then decreases with the increase of temperature, but decreases with the increase of humidity. Additionally, the fractional change in resistance has a decrease with the increase of loading frequency, and the cement-based sensing composites prepared can perceive the biggest loading frequency of 0.5 Hz.

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Trukhanov, Alex V., Daria I. Tishkevich, Svetlana V. Podgornaya, et al. "Impact of the Nanocarbon on Magnetic and Electrodynamic Properties of the Ferrite/Polymer Composites." Nanomaterials 12, no. 5 (2022): 868. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12050868.

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Binary and ternary composites (CM) based on M-type hexaferrite (HF), polymer matrix (PVDF) and carbon nanomaterials (quasi-one-dimensional carbon nanotubes—CNT and quasi-two-dimensional carbon nanoflakes—CNF) were prepared and investigated for establishing the impact of the different nanosized carbon on magnetic and electrodynamic properties. The ratio between HF and PVDF in HF + PVDF composite was fixed (85 wt% HF and 15 wt% PVDF). The concentration of CNT and CNF in CM was fixed (5 wt% from total HF + PVDF weight). The phase composition and microstructural features were investigated using XRD and SEM, respectively. It was observed that CM contains single-phase HF, γ- and β-PVDF and carbon nanomaterials. Thus, we produced composites that consist of mixed different phases (organic insulator matrix—PDVF; functional magnetic fillers—HF and highly electroconductive additives—CNT/CNF) in the required ratio. VSM data demonstrate that the main contribution in main magnetic characteristics belongs to magnetic fillers (HF). The principal difference in magnetic and electrodynamic properties was shown for CNT- and CNF-based composites. That confirms that the shape of nanosized carbon nanomaterials impact on physical properties of the ternary composited-based magnetic fillers in polymer dielectric matrix.

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Ting, Jyh-Ming, Max L. Lake, and David R. Duffy. "Composites based on thermally hyper-conductive vapor grown carbon fiber." Journal of Materials Research 10, no. 6 (1995): 1478–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1995.1478.

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Aluminum matrix composites and carbon/carbon composites based on vapor grown carbon fiber (VGCF) were fabricated for analysis of thermophysical properties. Due to the highly graphitic nature of VGCF, the resulting composites exhibit values of thermal conductivity that have not been achieved by using any other carbon fibers, and thus represent new materials for thermal management in applications such as packaging for high-power, high-density electronic devices. In the aluminum matrix VGCF composites, a thermal conductivity of 642 W/m-K was obtained by using a VGCF loading of only 36.5 vol.%. For VGCF/C composites, thermal conductivity of 910 W/m-K has been observed, a value which is more than a factor of two higher than that of copper. Based on the observed thermal conductivity of VGCF/Al composites and VGCF/C composites, the room temperature thermal conductivity of VGCF in the composite was calculated to be 1460 W/m-K and 1600 W/m-K, respectively.

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Saylık, Ahmet, and Şemsettin Temiz. "Low-speed impact behavior of fiber-reinforced polymer-based glass, carbon, and glass/carbon hybrid composites." Materials Testing 64, no. 6 (2022): 820–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mt-2021-2179.

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Abstract Impact is defined as an instantaneous external force applied to a material or structure at low, medium, and high speeds over a very short period of time. In this study, we investigate the impact behavior of glass-epoxy composite (GFRP), carbon-epoxy composite (CFRP), and glass/carbon-epoxy hybrid composite (GCFRP) samples subjected to low-velocity impact testing with varying impact energy levels. Composite plates of 330 × 330 mm2 consisting of eight layers were prepared using the VARTM method for impact experiments. Each composite type was tested with impact energy values of 10, 20, 30, and 40 J and their impact behaviors were examined. It was observed that as impact energy increased, the maximum force and the collapse values increased as well. The GFRP composite samples had the highest impact strength, while the GCFRP hybrid composite samples had poorer impact resistance compared to the GFRP composites and better impact resistance compared to the CFRP composites.

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Bacos, M. P. "Protection of carbon based composites." Le Journal de Physique IV 03, no. C9 (1993): C9–819—C9–829. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp4:1993985.

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Zhang, Wei, Abbas A. Dehghani-Sanij, and Richard S. Blackburn. "Carbon based conductive polymer composites." Journal of Materials Science 42, no. 10 (2007): 3408–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10853-007-1688-5.

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Abazari, Somayeh, Ali Shamsipur, Hamid Reza Bakhsheshi-Rad, et al. "Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs)-Reinforced Magnesium-Based Matrix Composites: A Comprehensive Review." Materials 13, no. 19 (2020): 4421. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13194421.

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In recent years considerable attention has been attracted to magnesium because of its light weight, high specific strength, and ease of recycling. Because of the growing demand for lightweight materials in aerospace, medical and automotive industries, magnesium-based metal matrix nanocomposites (MMNCs) reinforced with ceramic nanometer-sized particles, graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) or carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were developed. CNTs have excellent material characteristics like low density, high tensile strength, high ratio of surface-to-volume, and high thermal conductivity that makes them attractive to use as reinforcements to fabricate high-performance, and high-strength metal-matrix composites (MMCs). Reinforcing magnesium (Mg) using small amounts of CNTs can improve the mechanical and physical properties in the fabricated lightweight and high-performance nanocomposite. Nevertheless, the incorporation of CNTs into a Mg-based matrix faces some challenges, and a uniform distribution is dependent on the parameters of the fabricating process. The characteristics of a CNTs reinforced composite are related to the uniform distribution, weight percent, and length of the CNTs, as well as the interfacial bonding and alignment between CNTs reinforcement and the Mg-based matrix. In this review article, the recent findings in the fabricating methods, characterization of the composite’s properties, and application of Mg-based composites reinforced with CNTs are studied. These include the strategies of fabricating CNT-reinforced Mg-based composites, mechanical responses, and corrosion behaviors. The present review aims to investigate and conclude the most relevant studies conducted in the field of Mg/CNTs composites. Strategies to conquer complicated challenges are suggested and potential fields of Mg/CNTs composites as upcoming structural material regarding functional requirements in aerospace, medical and automotive industries are particularly presented.

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Li, Hao, Tiehu Li, Weibin Deng, and Siyuan Kong. "Preparation and Adsorption Properties of Graphene-Modified, Pitch-Based Carbon Foam Composites." Polymers 14, no. 20 (2022): 4455. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14204455.

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In view of the good adsorption properties of graphene and carbon foam, they were combined to achieve the optimal matching of microstructures. Taking mesophase pitch as a raw material, pitch-based carbon foam was prepared by the self-foaming method. Graphene gel was prepared as the second phase to composite with the carbon foam matrix; graphene-modified, pitch-based carbon foam composites were finally obtained. Graphene gel was dispersed in the rich pore structure of carbon foam to improve its agglomeration and the porosity, and the active sites of the composite were further increased; the adsorption properties and mechanical properties of the composites were also significantly improved. The microstructure and morphology of the composites were studied by SEM, XRD and Raman spectroscopy; the compressive property and porosity were also tested. Methylene blue (MB) solution was used to simulate a dye solution for the adsorption test, and the influence of the composite properties and MB solution on the adsorption property was studied. Results showed that the compressive strength of the composite was 13.5 MPa, increased by 53.41%, and the porosity was 58.14%, increased by 24.15%, when compared to raw carbon foam. When the mass of the adsorbent was 150 mg, the initial concentration of the MB solution was 5 mg/L, and the pH value of the MB solution was 11; the graphene-modified carbon foam composites showed the best adsorption effect, with an adsorption rate of 96.3% and an adsorption capacity of 144.45 mg/g. Compared with the raw carbon foam, the adsorption rate and adsorption capacity of the composites were increased by 158.18% and 93.50%, respectively.

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Jiang, Bin, and Wenguang Wang. "Study on the Mechanical Properties of CNTs/SiO₂ Composite Modified Cement based Composites." Frontiers in Science and Engineering 5, no. 4 (2025): 32–39. https://doi.org/10.54691/t7srjx43.

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This paper studies the hybrid application of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and nano-SiO₂ sol in cement-based composites. Using water-bath ultrasonic dispersion technology, CNTs/SiO₂ composite fillers were prepared to enhance cement composites. The results show that carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can be uniformly dispersed in cement-based composites with nano-SiO₂ sol as the dispersion medium. When the contents of SiO₂ sol and CNTs are 1.50wt.% and 0.15wt.% respectively, the mechanical properties of cement-based composites are improved most significantly.

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Bai, Cui Cai, Xiu Jun Liu, Ju Wan, Hua Liang Liu, Tong Qi Li, and Zi Jun Hu. "The Thermal Conductivity Simulation Calculation of Polyacryonitrile-Based Carbon Fiber/Pitch-Based Carbon/Carbon Composites." Advanced Materials Research 301-303 (July 2011): 93–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.301-303.93.

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The thermal conductivity of polyacryonitrile-based carbon fiber/pitch-based carbon/carbon composites was simulated by the finite element analysis. After the density, thermal capacity and thermal conductivity of graphite and carbon fiber were given for known parameters, the geometric grid figure) was generated after the Gambit software processed the unit geometric model grids and the thermal conductivities of carbon/carbon composites were simulated by the Fluent software.

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Daghigh, Vahid, Hamid Daghigh, and Michael W. Keller. "Uncertainty-Based Design: Finite Element and Explainable Machine Learning Modeling of Carbon–Carbon Composites for Ultra-High Temperature Solar Receivers." Journal of Composites Science 9, no. 3 (2025): 100. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs9030100.

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Design under uncertainty has significantly grown in research developments during the past decade. Additionally, machine learning (ML) and explainable ML (XML) have offered various opportunities to provide reliable predictable models. The current article investigates the use of finite element modeling (FEM), ML and XML predictions, and uncertain-based design of carbon-carbon (C-C) composites for use in ultra-high temperatures. A C-C composite concentrating solar power (CSP) as a microvascular receiver is considered as a case study. These C-C composites are fiber composites with directly integrated carbonized microchannels to form a lightweight, high-absorptivity material that includes an embedded microvascular network of channels. The topology of these microchannels is engineered to optimize heat transfer to a supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO2) heat transfer fluid. The mechanical characterization of C-C composites is highly challenging. Thus, designing every component made of C-C composites for ultra-high temperature applications needs an uncertainty-based analysis. As a part of a comprehensive project on the development of a novel carbonized microvascular C-C composite, this paper explores C-C composite sensitivity analysis, FEM, ML prediction, and XML analysis. The resulting composite can then be carbonized and coated with an oxidation-resistant coating to form a thermally efficient and mechanically robust C-C composite. An ANSYS 3-D-FE model was used to analyze the CSP’s stress/strain. To consider the variability in the mechanical and thermal properties of C-C composites, various mechanical properties are considered as the ANSYS FEM’s input. A synthetic dataset from 730 ANSYS runs was produced to feed into the ML and XML algorithms for uncertainty analysis and prediction. The ML and XML algorithms could accurately predict the CSP stresses/strains.

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Mahanta, Tapan K., Manoj Kumar R, Ayub Ahmed Janvekar, Ahmad Kamal Ismail, M. Mazlan, and Harto Tanujaya. "Free Vibration Analysis of Glass/Carbon Hybrid Composite Using Finite Element Method: Effect of Stacking Sequence." International Journal of Application on Sciences, Technology and Engineering 1, no. 1 (2023): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/ijaste.v1.i1.1-5.

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Natural frequency is an important property for any structure. In this study, three different polymer based composite (glass fibers, carbon fibers and glass + carbon fibers) considered for numerical free vibration analysis. Composite plates are modeled having eight layer of fibers by varying volume fraction from 0.3-0.6. Aspect ratio kept constant in all the composites. Natural frequencies and mode shapes of all composites are focused. In addition importance is given on the variation across fiber volume fraction. Hybridised composite natural frequencies are compared with the glass and carbon composites.

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Hu, Jinxin. "Research Progress on Aluminum-based Composites and Applications." E3S Web of Conferences 213 (2020): 02015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021302015.

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People propose higher and higher demands for lightweight materials due to the increasing shortage of metals and energy sources. Since traditional aluminum alloy materials cannot meet demands any more, aluminum-based composites attracted high research attentions in recent years because of the excellent mechanical properties and low density. Silicon carbide (SiC) reinforced aluminum-based composite and carbon nanomaterial reinforced aluminum-based composite are two aluminum-based composites which are used mostly in existing associated studies. The former one has a long research history and it has been applied to aerospace, war industry and automobile field to some extent. The later one is an emerging material that is hardly applied yet. This study is going to introduce research progresses and applications of SiC reinforced aluminum-based composite and carbon nanomaterial reinforced aluminum-based composite.

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Liu, Ning, and Lilin Jiang. "Effect of microstructural features on the thermal conducting behavior of carbon nanofiber–reinforced styrene-based shape memory polymer composites." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 31, no. 14 (2020): 1716–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x20932216.

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This article presents a novel hierarchical micromechanics approach to carefully investigate the thermal conductivities of styrene-based shape memory polymer composites containing carbon nanofibers. The research is mainly focused on the simulation of carbon nanofiber/shape memory polymer interfacial thermal resistance and carbon nanofiber agglomeration as two critical microstructural features of carbon nanofiber–shape memory polymer composite materials. The computed results are compared with the available experimental measurements. It is found that both of those microstructural factors along with carbon nanofiber non-straight shape significantly affecting the thermal conducting behavior must be incorporated in the analysis to have a more realistic prediction. The thermal conductivity of carbon nanofiber–reinforced shape memory polymer composites reduces significantly due to the effects of carbon nanofiber/shape memory polymer interfacial resistance and carbon nanofiber agglomeration and waviness. It is suggested to uniformly disperse carbon nanofibers into the shape memory polymers and reduce interfacial resistance for improving the carbon nanofiber–styrene composite thermal properties. In addition, the present study reveals that the effective thermal conductivities of the shape memory polymer composites reinforced by aligned carbon nanofibers are greatly enhanced over those of the shape memory polymer composites containing randomly dispersed carbon nanofibers. The effects of percentage, waviness parameters, degree of agglomeration, material properties, length and diameter of carbon nanofibers as well as interfacial thermal resistance value on the thermal behavior of carbon nanofiber–reinforced styrene-based shape memory polymer composites are investigated.

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Chukov, Dilyus I., Sarvarkhodza G. Nematulloev, Viсtor V. Tсherdyntsev, et al. "Structure and Properties of Polysulfone Filled with Modified Twill Weave Carbon Fabrics." Polymers 12, no. 1 (2019): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12010050.

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Carbon fabrics are widely used in polymer based composites. Nowadays, most of the advanced high-performance composites are based on thermosetting polymer matrices such as epoxy resin. Thermoplastics have received high attention as polymer matrices due to their low curing duration, high chemical resistance, high recyclability, and mass production capability in comparison with thermosetting polymers. In this paper, we suggest thermoplastic based composite materials reinforced with carbon fibers. Composites based on polysulfone reinforced with carbon fabrics using polymer solvent impregnation were studied. It is well known that despite the excellent mechanical properties, carbon fibers possess poor wettability and adhesion to polymers because of the fiber surface chemical inertness and smoothness. Therefore, to improve the fiber–matrix interfacial interaction, the surface modification of the carbon fibers by thermal oxidation was used. It was shown that the surface modification resulted in a noticeable change in the functional composition of the carbon fibers’ surface and increased the mechanical properties of the polysulfone based composites. Significant increase in composites mechanical properties and thermal stability as a result of carbon fiber surface modification was observed.

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Ling, Junyi, and Jingsong Feng. "CO₂ capture based on polyanthraquinone/carbon nanotube composites." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2418, no. 1 (2023): 012012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2418/1/012012.

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Abstract Carbon neutralization is a new way of environmental protection, in which carbon capture is the core of carbon neutralization. Firstly, the preparation method of polyanthraquinone/multi-walled carbon nanotube composites (PAQ/MWCNTs) was studied. The composites were prepared by magnetic stirring and centrifugal separation. The working electrode was prepared by using the composite material for carbon capture. A three-electrode system was established to capture carbon dioxide when the reduction potential was applied and to release carbon dioxide when the oxidation potential was applied by cyclic voltammetry. It is found that the carbon dioxide capture effect of the polyanthraquinone/multi-walled carbon nanotube composite prepared in this study reaches 7.80mmol/g, and the material utilization rate reaches 73.4%.

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Dotsenko, Olga A., and Kirill O. Frolov. "Microwave Composite Absorbers Based on Barium Hexaferrite/Carbon Nanotubes for 0.01-18 GHz Applications." Key Engineering Materials 685 (February 2016): 553–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.685.553.

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Nano- and microstructured composite materials have opened a new era for multifunctional materials. In particular, barium hexaferrites and carbon nanotubes can be applied in order to improve electromagnetic properties in composites. Magnetic materials with a texture based on barium ferrite and carbon nanotubes were obtained. The electromagnetic properties of Z – hexaferrites / carbon nanotubes composites were measured at microwave frequencies. It was shown, that imaginary permeability of barium hexaferrites/carbon nanotubes multilayer composites with double texture is as much as that of an isotropic samples at regions 3.4 – 8.5 GHz and 7.1 – 11.6 GHz.

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Wang, XiaoDong, JianChao Wang, Swarup Biswas, Hyeok Kim, and IlWoo Nam. "Mechanical, Electrical, and Piezoresistive Sensing Characteristics of Epoxy-Based Composites Incorporating Hybridized Networks of Carbon Nanotubes, Graphene, Carbon Nanofibers, or Graphite Nanoplatelets." Sensors 20, no. 7 (2020): 2094. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20072094.

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The present study compared the mechanical, electrical, morphological, and piezoresistive characteristics of epoxy-based sensing nanocomposites fabricated with inclusions of hybridized networks of four different carbon nanomaterials (CNMs), such as carbon nanotube (CNT), graphene, carbon nanofiber (CNF), and graphite nanoplatelet (GNP). Enhancements in elastic modulus and electrical conductivity were achieved by CNT–graphene composites and CNT–CNF composites, and these were explained by the morphological observations carried out in the present study and experimental studies found in the literature. The greatest gauge factor was accomplished by the CNT–GNP composite, followed by the CNT–CNF composite among composites where the CNM networks were sufficiently formed with a content ratio of 3%. The two types of the composites outperformed the composites incorporating solely CNT in terms of gauge factor, and this superiority was explained with the excluded volume theory.

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Ma, Li, Lu Jv He, Cai Song Mo, Li Bin Zhang, Mao Sen Pan, and Yang F. feng Huang. "Ablation Behaviour and Microstructure of Carbon/Carbon and Hybrid Carbon/Carbon Composites Based on Plasma Torch Heating." Advanced Composites Letters 26, no. 4 (2017): 096369351702600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096369351702600401.

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The ablation properties and morphologies of two kinds of fine Fine-woven pierced composites materials, carbon/carbon (C/C) and hybrid C/C with tungsten (W) filaments in z directional carbon fibre bundles, were investigated. A plasma torch was used to explore the ablative characteristics in terms of linear/bulk ablation rate and microscopic pattern of ablation. Surface and in-depth temperatures during ablation were measured by using optical pyrometers and thermocouples. The experimental results showed that the C/C composite presented the best ablation resistance performance, followed by the hybrid C/C composite, while that of graphite was the worst. It was found that the thermo-mechanical ablation resistance of carbon matrix is equal to that of carbon fibres. The existence of WC not only had a faster intrinsic ablation velocity, but also accelerated the ablation velocity of the carbon fibres and carbon matrix, and significantly improved the ablation velocity of the carbon fibres.

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Kwon, Nam, Divine Mouck-Makanda, and Katharina Fromm. "A Review: Carbon Additives in LiMnPO4- and LiCoO2-Based Cathode Composites for Lithium Ion Batteries." Batteries 4, no. 4 (2018): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/batteries4040050.

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Carbon plays a critical role in improving the electronic conductivity of cathodes in lithium ion batteries. Particularly, the characteristics of carbon and its composite with electrode material strongly affect battery properties, governed by electron as well as Li+ ion transport. We have reviewed here various types of carbon materials and organic carbon sources in the production of conductive composites of nano-LiMnPO4 and LiCoO2. Various processes of making these composites with carbon or organic carbon sources and their characterization have been reviewed. Finally, the type and amount of carbon and the preparation methods of composites are summarized along with their battery performances and cathode materials. Among the different processes of making a composite, ball milling provided the benefit of dense and homogeneous nanostructured composites, leading to higher tap-density and thus increasing the volumetric energy densities of cathodes.

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Mamunya, Yevgen, Oleksii Maruzhenko, Roman Kolisnyk, et al. "Pyroresistive Properties of Composites Based on HDPE and Carbon Fillers." Polymers 15, no. 9 (2023): 2105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15092105.

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Electrothermal processes were studied in pyroresistive composites based on high-density polyethylene (HDPE) containing 8 vol.% carbon black (CB), 8 vol.% carbon fibers (CF), and their mixture 4 vol.% CB + 4 vol.% CF. It is shown that the kinetic heating curves of composites are well described by an exponential dependence with a certain heating rate constant k for each type of composite. After a short heating time, the equilibrium temperature Te is reached in the sample. When the applied voltage exceeds a certain value, the Te value decreases due to the presence of the positive temperature coefficient of resistance (PTC) effect. Due to the PTC effect, the composites exhibit a self-regulating effect relative to the Te. Relations between the applied voltage, electric power, and equilibrium temperature are found, the Te value depends on the applied voltage according to the quadratic law whereas there is a linear relationship between the Te and electric power. A possible application of such pyroresistive composites is resistance welding of plastics using a heating element (HE) made of a pyroresistive material. The use of HDPE-CB composite to create HE for resistance welding is demonstrated and the welded joint of HDPE parts obtained using HE is shown.

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Giorcelli, Mauro, and Mattia Bartoli. "Development of Coffee Biochar Filler for the Production of Electrical Conductive Reinforced Plastic." Polymers 11, no. 12 (2019): 1916. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11121916.

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In this work we focused our attention on an innovative use of food residual biomasses. In particular, we produced biochar from coffee waste and used it as filler in epoxy resin composites with the aim to increase their electrical properties. Electrical conductivity was studied for the biochar and biochar-based composite in function of pressure applied. The results obtained were compared with carbon black and carbon black composites. We demonstrated that, even if the coffee biochar had less conductivity compared with carbon black in powder form, it created composites with better conductivity in comparison with carbon black composites. In addition, composite mechanical properties were tested and they generally improved with respect to neat epoxy resin.

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Nurhanisa, Mega, Dwiria Wahyuni, and Ya' Muhammad Arsyad. "Quality Study of Activated Carbon/TiO2 Composite Based on Activated Carbon Granule Size." Jurnal Fisika Flux: Jurnal Ilmiah Fisika FMIPA Universitas Lambung Mangkurat 22, no. 1 (2025): 10. https://doi.org/10.20527/flux.v21i3.17999.

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Activated carbon (AC) composited with TiO2 photocatalyst can be used as a material that can purify wastewater. This research aims to obtain the optimum particle size of AC as a buffer for AC. The work began by making AC from oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) waste with various particle sizes, namely 50 mesh, 100 mesh, 150 mesh, and 200 mesh. AC was synthesized by carbonizing the raw materials at 500 °C and then activated using a microwave oven at 500 watts for 15 minutes. Furthermore, AC/TiO2 composites were synthesized using a microwave oven under similar conditions. Spectroscopy Electron Microscopy (SEM) characterization was done to see the morphology of AC and AC/TiO2 composites. To determine the performance of AC and AC/TiO2 composites, the degradation process of methylene blue (MB) solution was carried out. Characterization with a UV-Vis spectrophotometer was done as a quantitative method to measure the level of MB degradation. The results of MB degradation for 6 hours of irradiation showed that 200 mesh particles achieved the highest efficiency of 86.19%. Thus, using TiO2 has been shown to improve the performance of AC, with those of 200 mesh degrading MB the most.

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Ardeshana, Bhavik A., Umang B. Jani, Ajay M. Patel, and Anand Y. Joshi. "Investigating the elastic behavior of carbon nanocone reinforced nanocomposites." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 234, no. 14 (2020): 2908–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406220911074.

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This paper deals with the evaluation of the effective mechanical properties of carbon nanocone centered composites using a 3D nanoscale representative volume element based on continuum mechanics. For extracting the effective material constants, the authors have taken the basis of theories of elasticity. The results constituting the effective Young's modulus of the composite and Poisson's ratio for different parameters stated above have been presented and validated with rule of mixtures. It can be clearly visualized from the results that the load-carrying capacities of carbon nanocones in the representative volume elements are quite significant and the same has been demonstrated with subsequent cases. Simulation-based modeling can show a considerable part in the improvement of carbon nanocone-based composites by providing results that help in appreciative of the performance of composites. Moreover, for a volume fraction of the CNC as 2.33% in a cylindrical representative volume element and a 19.2° apex angle of the cone, the stiffness of the composite can increase as many as 4.9 times of the matrix. Similarly for hexagonal and square, the increase is in terms of 4.3 and 3.01 times respectively. Cylindrical representative volume element is the best as it provides the maximum reinforcement in terms of effective Young's modulus of the composite. Carbon nanocone-based composites provide results that help in understanding the elastic behavior of composites.

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Slonov, Azamat, Ismel Musov, Azamat Zhansitov, Elena Rzhevskaya, Diana Khakulova, and Svetlana Khashirova. "The Effect of Modification on the Properties of Polyetherimide and Its Carbon-Filled Composite." Polymers 12, no. 5 (2020): 1056. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12051056.

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The effect of oligophenylene sulfone (OPSU) and polycarbonate (PC) on the rheological, mechanical and thermal properties of polyetherimide (PEI) and a carbon-filled composite based on it was studied. It is shown that the introduction of OPSU and PC leads to a decrease in the melt viscosity of PEI and a carbon-filled composite based on it with the preservation of their mechanical properties and heat resistance at a sufficiently high level. It was found that composites with OPSU have higher mechanical and thermal properties compared with composites with PC. Samples from modified carbon-filled PEI were printed by the fused deposit modeling (FDM) method. Three-dimensionally printed samples from carbon-filled PEI modified by OPSU showed significantly higher mechanical properties than composites with PC.

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Sharma, Shishobhan, and Rasmika H. Patel. "Novel carbon foam composites reinforced with carbon fiber felt developed from inexpensive pitch precursor matrix." Journal of Composite Materials 54, no. 24 (2020): 3559–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998320918353.

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Novel carbon foam composites derived from various pitch precursors have been fabricated and characterized. This paper specifically focuses on developing an effective process for fabricating the carbon foam composites from Polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based carbon felt as a reinforcement and various readily available pitch matrix such as petroleum pitch, coal tar pitch, and mesophase pitch. The paper endeavors to develop the carbon foam composites and to carry out detailed morphological, thermal, and mechanical characterization. Traditional carbon foams have been known to offer poor mechanical performance, and hence, in this paper, the pitch-based carbon foams were innovatively reinforced with the PAN-based carbon fiber felt. Carbon foam composites were subjected to partial oxidation, and their morphological and mechanical response after the heat treatment was studied thoroughly. Thermal gravimetric analysis and thermal mechanical analysis techniques reveal an appreciable thermo-physical and thermo-mechanical response at elevated temperatures. Also, it was found out that the factors such as volatile content and quinoline insoluble fraction affect the morphology as well as the physical robustness on the composite foams.

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Patil, Amit, Ganesh Walunj, Furkan Ozdemir, Rajeev Kumar Gupta, and Tushar Borkar. "Tribological Behavior of Carbon-Based Nanomaterial-Reinforced Nickel Metal Matrix Composites." Materials 14, no. 13 (2021): 3536. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14133536.

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Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) with exceptional mechanical, thermal, chemical, and electrical properties are enticing reinforcements for fabricating lightweight, high-strength, and wear-resistant metal matrix composites with superior mechanical and tribological performance. Nickel–carbon nanotube composite (Ni-CNT) and nickel–graphene nanoplatelet composite (Ni-GNP) were fabricated via mechanical milling followed by the spark plasma sintering (SPS) technique. The Ni-CNT/GNP composites with varying reinforcement concentrations (0.5, 2, and 5 wt%) were ball milled for twelve hours to explore the effect of reinforcement concentration and its dispersion in the nickel microstructure. The effect of varying CNT/GNP concentration on the microhardness and the tribological behavior was investigated and compared with SPS processed monolithic nickel. Ball-on-disc tribological tests were performed to determine the effect of different structural morphologies of CNTs and GNPs on the wear performance and coefficient of friction of these composites. Experimental results indicate considerable grain refinement and improvement in the microhardness of these composites after the addition of CNTs/GNPs in the nickel matrix. In addition, the CNTs and GNPs were effective in forming a lubricant layer, enhancing the wear resistance and lowering the coefficient of friction during the sliding wear test, in contrast to the pure nickel counterpart. Pure nickel demonstrated the highest CoF of ~0.9, Ni-0.5CNT and Ni-0.5GNP exhibited a CoF of ~0.8, whereas the lowest CoF of ~0.2 was observed for Ni-2CNT and Ni-5GNP composites. It was also observed that the uncertainty of wear resistance and CoF in both the CNT/GNP-reinforced composites increased when loaded with higher reinforcement concentrations. The wear surface was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis to elucidate the wear mechanism in these composites.

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Musov, Ismel V., Azamat L. Slonov, Azamat A. Zhansitov, Zhanna I. Kurdanova, and Svetlana Yu Khashirova. "Study of the Residual Length of Discrete Carbon Fibers in Polyetherimide Based Composites for 3D-Printing." Key Engineering Materials 899 (September 8, 2021): 309–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.899.309.

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The influence of the multiplicity of extrusion and melt viscosity on the residual length of discrete carbon fibers in composites based on polyetherimide for 3D-printing is estimated. A technique for measuring the residual length of carbon fibers in composites is proposed. The residual length of carbon fibers in composites containing from 10 to 40% fibrous filler with different initial linear dimensions has been determined. It was found that the addition of a melt viscosity modifier to a carbon-filled composite helps to maintain the linear dimensions of the fiber filler particles, thereby increasing the physical and mechanical properties of the material.

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Safiuddin, Md, George Abdel-Sayed, and Nataliya Hearn. "Effects of Pitch-Based Short Carbon Fibers on the Workability, Unit Weight, and Air Content of Mortar Composite." Fibers 6, no. 3 (2018): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fib6030063.

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Pitch is a viscoelastic polymer material consisting of aromatic hydrocarbons. It is used to produce carbon fibers with sheet-like crystal structures. The aim of the work presented in this paper was to evaluate the effects of pitch-based short carbon fibers on the workability, unit weight, and air content of freshly mixed mortar composite. Experimental investigation was carried out on five different types of mortar composite, including a control mortar. Four mortar composites were prepared including pitch-based short carbon fibers with 1–4% volume contents. The fresh mortar composites were tested to determine their slump, inverted slump cone flow (flow time, mass flow, and volume flow), unit weight, and air content. In addition, the correlation between the slump and flow time of various mortar composites was determined. It was found that the slump decreased with the increasing volume content of carbon fibers. The flow time of mortar composite increased, and therefore its mass flow and volume flow decreased with a greater volume content of carbon fibers. The slump was strongly correlated with the flow time, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9782. Furthermore, the unit weight of the fresh mortar composite decreased due to the incorporation of carbon fibers. However, amongst the different carbon fiber reinforced mortar composites, the mortar with 3% fiber volume content provided the highest unit weight. The air content results were consistent with the unit weight results. The change in air content of various mortar composites followed a trend reciprocal to that of unit weights. When the overall effects of carbon fibers were compared, it was observed that the fiber volume content higher than 3% resulted in a significantly low workability and provided a much lower unit weight with greater entrapped air content.

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Yang, Xu Dong, Fan Gu, and Xin Chen. "Performance Improvement of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composite Sports Equipment." Key Engineering Materials 871 (January 2021): 228–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.871.228.

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This study is to explore the changes in the performance of sports equipment under the action of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites. This paper studies the effects of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites in pole vault, bicycle, and tennis. The research results show that the performance of sports equipment based on carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composite materials has been greatly improved, with outstanding effects in terms of thermal properties, interface properties, mechanical properties, and fatigue resistance. Carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composite material damage expansion is divided into five stages: matrix cracking, interfacial degumming, delamination, fiber fracture, fracture. Therefore, carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composite materials are comprehensive for the improvement of sports equipment, which has greatly promoted the further development of sports. Carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composite materials can be promoted in other fields, thereby obtaining greater progress with help of high technology. The study of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites in this paper has a positive effect on subsequent research.

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Karahan Toprakçı, Hatice Aylin, Mukaddes Şeval Çetin, and Ozan Toprakçı. "Fabrication of Conductive Polymer Composites from Turkish Hemp-Derived Carbon Fibers and Thermoplastic Elastomers." Tekstil ve Mühendis 28, no. 121 (2021): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.7216/1300759920212812104.

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In this study, carbon fibers filled flexible conductive polymer composites were fabricated. Turkish hemp was used to produce conductive carbon fibers. In order to do this, hemp fibers were carbonized under different conditions. After this step, flexible conductive composites were fabricated by using poly[styrene-b-(ethylene-co-butylene)-b-styrene] matrix and hemp-based carbon fibers. Composite films were produced by combination of solvent casting and hot pressing. Various levels of carbon fibers were used in order to determine the percolation behavior of the composites. Morphological and electrical properties of the composite films were analyzed. Electrical resistivity of the samples decreased by increasing the filler ratio.

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Veeman, Dhinakaran, M. Varsha Shree, P. Sureshkumar, et al. "Sustainable Development of Carbon Nanocomposites: Synthesis and Classification for Environmental Remediation." Journal of Nanomaterials 2021 (September 18, 2021): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5840645.

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Composite materials with carbon nanotube and graphene attachments have been regarded as promising prospects. Carbon nanocomposites have gained considerable interest in different fields including biomedical applications due to its exceptional structural dimensions and outstanding mechanical, electrical, thermal, optical, and chemical characteristics. The significant advances made in carbon nanocomposite over past years along with the discovery of new nanocomposite processing technologies to improvise the functional impact of nanotube and graphene composites by providing proper methods of synthesis and improving the production of diverse composite based on carbon nanomaterials are discussed. Carbon nanocomposites are applied in various fields such as aviation, batteries, chemical industry, fuel cell, optics, power generation, space, solar hydrogen, sensors, and thermoelectric devices. The recent design, fabrication, characteristics, and applications of carbon nanocomposites such as active carbon, carbon black, graphene, nanodiamonds, and carbon nanotubes are explained in detail in this research. It is found that unlike traditional fiber composites, Van der Waals force interfacial compounds have an important effect on the mechanical performance of carbon nanomaterial-based composites.

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Im, Kwang Hee, David K. Hsu, and Young Tae Cho. "Ultrasonic Nondestructive Evaluation of Carbon/Carbon Composites." International Journal of Modern Physics B 17, no. 08n09 (2003): 1756–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979203019629.

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In this work several ultrasonic techniques were applied to carbon/carbon (C/C) composites for the evaluation. In a large carbon/carbon composite manufactured by chemical vapor infiltration (CVI) method, the spatial variation of ultrasonic velocity was measured and found to be consistent with the densification behavior in CVI process. Low frequency through-transmission scans based on both amplitude and time-of-flight of the ultrasonic pulse were used for mapping out the material property inhomogeneity. These results were compared with that obtained by dry-coupling ultrasonics. Pulse-echo C-scans was used to image near-surface material property anomalies such as the placement of spacers between disks during CVI. Also, optical micrograph had been examined on the surface of C/C composites using a destructive way.

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