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Journal articles on the topic 'Cassava pulp'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 12 June 2025

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Hermiati, Euis, Jun-ichi Azuma, Djumali Mangunwidjaja, Titi C. Sunarti, Ono Suparno, and Bambang Prasetya. "HYDROLYSIS OF CARBOHYDRATES IN CASSAVA PULP AND TAPIOCA FLOUR UNDER MICROWAVE IRRADIATION." Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 11, no. 3 (2011): 238–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.21387.

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Cassava pulp and tapioca flour are potential sources of glucose. In this work, validity of microwave irradiation for hydrolysis of carbohydrates, especially starch, present in cassava pulp and tapioca flour was estimated as a non-enzymatic saccharification technique. Suspension of cassava pulp or tapioca flour in distilled water (1g/20 mL) was subjected to microwave irradiation at temperatures of 140-240 °C with pre-heating time of 4 min and heating time of 5 min. Solubilization rate of cassava pulp increased with increasing temperature of microwave heating treatment and reached maximum (92.54%) at 220 °C, while that of tapioca flour reached almost 100% at 140 °C. Production of malto-oligomers from starch in cassava pulp and tapioca flour was clearly observed at 220 °C. The highest glucose yields from cassava pulp and tapioca flour in this experiment were 28.59 and 58.76% dry matter, respectively. Variation of pre-heating time at 230 °C did not give significant effects on glucose yield from cassava pulp. However, glucose yield from tapioca flour decreased due to increase of pre-heating time. Microwave irradiation is a promising method of hydrolysis for cassava pulp and tapioca flour due to the fast process.

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Sumanzaya, Tri, Amir Supriyanto, and Gurum Ahmad Pauzi. "Analisis Karakteristik Elektrik Onggok Singkong sebagai Pasta Bio-Baterai." Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika 7, no. 2 (2019): 231–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jtaf.v7i2.1982.

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Bio-battery is a battery with paste that is made of natural materials. Bio-battery produce electrical power by using electrolyte cassava pulp and Cu-Zn electrode. Design of bio-batteries are made by 20 cell of dry cell battery type R20S IEC/UM-1/D 1,5 volt and arranged in series. Cassava pulp variation are new cassava pulp and pulp with fermentation for 48 hours, 96 hours, and 144 hours. The measurement of the electrical characteristics using 7 watt LED DC for 12 hours. The maximum voltage when the load is released which genereted by new cassava pulp is 16,76 volt, fermented for 48 hours is 19,28 volt, fermented for 96 hours is 20,00 volt, and fermented for 144 hours is 20,30 volt. The variety of cassava pulp which has the best electrical characteristics is fermented cassava pulp for 144 hours. It could turn on the lamp with bright lights. The results showed that the longer the fermentation time of cassava pulp caused the electrical conductivity was increased.

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Ruangudomsakul, Watcharin, Chaiwat Ruksakulpiwat, and Ruksakulpiwat Yupaporn. "The Study of Using Bio-Filler from Cassava Pulp in Natural Rubber Composites." Advanced Materials Research 747 (August 2013): 371–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.747.371.

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Cassava pulp (CP) is an inexpensive and broadly available waste by-product from cassava starch production. This by-product is basically constituted of cellulose fiber and residual starch. In this study, cassava pulp was mixed with natural rubber (NR) with various contents using two roll mills to obtain CP/NR composites. Natural rubber grafted glycidyl methacrylate (NR-g-GMA) was used as compatibilizer in CP/NR/NR-g-GMA composites. Sulfur conventional vulcanization was used. The composite specimens were prepared by compression molding. Mechanical properties and morphological properties of composites were investigated. The results showed that tensile strength was significantly increased with increasing content of cassava pulp up to 20 phr. However, when cassava pulp was increased more than 30 phr, tensile strength was slightly decreased. Elongation at break of NR composites was not changed with increasing cassava pulp. The modulus of NR composites was increased with increasing cassava pulp content. Morphological properties of CP/NR composites was elucidated as well.

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Sugiharto, Sugiharto, Endang Widiastuti, Turrini Yudiarti, Hanny Indrat Wahyuni, and Tri Agus Sartono. "Improving the Nutritional Values of Cassava Pulp Through Supplementation of Selected Leaves Meal and Fermentation with Chrysonilia Crassa." ANIMAL PRODUCTION 23, no. 2 (2021): 104–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.jap.2021.23.2.49.

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This study evaluated the impact of fermentation with Chrysonilia crassa on nutritional composition and antioxidative activity of the mixture of cassava pulp and selected leaves meal. Cassava pulp (60 g) was mixed thoroughly with 35 g leaves meal of either cassava, M. Oleifera, or L. leucocephala, and inoculated with Chrysonilia crassa starter (5 g). The mixture was aerobically incubated for 3 days at room temperature and analyzed for the proximate composition, gross energy, true protein, antioxidant activity, and amino acid content. The fermented products showed higher crude protein, ether extract, ash, and gross energy but lower fibre content than unfermented cassava pulp. Both leaves meal supplementation and fermentation increased the true protein content of cassava pulp. Superior antioxidant activities and higher amino acids were observed in the fermented products than raw cassava pulp. In conclusion, supplementation of leaves meal in conjunction with Chrysonilia crassa-fermentation improved the nutritional values and antioxidant potential of cassava pulp.

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Aso, Sammy N., Pratap C. Pullammanappallil, Arthur A. Teixeira, and Bruce A. Welt. "Production of Glucose Sweetener by Simple Single- Step Hydrolysis of Native Cassava Root Starch." Transactions of the ASABE 60, no. 6 (2017): 2199–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.12381.

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Abstract. In conventional practice, starch is extracted and purified from a native source prior to glucose production using two steps: liquefaction and saccharification. Sequential protocols, liquefaction, and starch extraction and purification necessitate high-energy process conditions, material handling equipment, and other substantial cost inputs. In this work, native starch in ground fresh cassava root pulp and cassava flour was subjected to low-energy, simple single-step enzymatic hydrolysis at 37°C and 60°C for glucose production. Commercial purified cassava starch was similarly treated for comparison. Cassava root pulp reached a maximum of 30% starch conversion to glucose within 4 h of hydrolysis at 60°C and a maximum of 55% conversion within 96 h at 37°C. Cassava flour yielded mixed results, with slightly less conversion than root pulp at 60°C, reaching only 27%, but outperformed root pulp at 37°C, reaching 72% conversion. Purified cassava starch yielded 96% and 100% conversions at 60°C and 37°C, respectively. At 37°C, the reaction rate constants were 0.023 h-1, 0.021 h-1, and 0.025 h-1, respectively, for cassava root pulp, flour, and purified cassava starch, while at 60°C, the reaction rate constants were 0.816 h-1, 1.230 h-1, and 1.102 h-1, respectively. Activation energy for the substrates was similar at 134.6 kJ mol-1 for root pulp, 157.4 kJ mol-1 for flour, and 143.1 kJ mol-1 for purified starch. Keywords: Cassava root, Cassava starch, Enzymes, Glucose, Reaction kinetics, Synergistic enzymatic hydrolysis.

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Rattanaphanee, Panarat, Watcharapong Laha, and Chontira Boonfung. "Desiccant from Cassava for Dehydration of Alcohol Vapor at Near Azeotropic Concentration." Advanced Materials Research 651 (January 2013): 126–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.651.126.

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Wet cassava pulp is generated in large quantity during a production of cassava starch. Major utilization of the pulp is in animal feed manufacturing. During a period of low demand, this material could accumulate and decompose causing air pollution in areas surround the starch factories. This research used biomass desiccant prepared from cassava pulp in a bench-scale packed-bed adsorption system to study the dehydration of ethanol and n-propanol vapor at concentration near their azeotropic points. The sorption capacity was found to be 0.053 and 0.119 gwater/gdesiccant for ethanol and iso-propanol at concentration of 80 %(w/w) and 0.109 gwater/gdesiccant for n-propanol at concentration of 65 %(w/w). Alcoholic solutions with concentration higher than their aqueous azeotropic points, which could not be achieved by normal fractional distillation, were obtained in all the experiments. This study elucidates that cassava pulp could be value-added, and water adsorption using cassava-derived desiccant could be an alternative technique for production of high purity alcohols.

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Erviana, Yuli, Amir Supriyanto, Sri Wahyu Suciyati, and Gurum Ahmad Pauzi. "Analisis Karakteristik Elektrik Onggok Singkong Fermentasi yang Diawetkan sebagai Pasta Bio-Baterai." Journal of Energy, Material, and Instrumentation Technology 1, no. 1 (2020): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jemit.v1i1.10.

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Bio-battery is defined as an energy storage device where the energy source comes from organic compounds. The electrical characteristics of the bio-battery can be obtained using to copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) electrode pairs. Cassava pulp is used as the electrolyte. Cassava pulp is being fermented for 48 hours, 96 hours, and 144 hours and added 4% formalin. The electrolyte cell consists of 20 cell batteries in series with each mass is ±30 grams. The electrical characteristics of fermented cassava pulp are measured with 4 watts LED load and without load. The results show that the highest voltage is 20.66 V which is obtained by 144 hours fermented cassava pulp. The electrical characteristics in this research tend to constant due to the addition of preservatives (formalin).

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Luampon, Ratinun, and Suparerk Charmongkolpradit. "Temperature and relative humidity effect on equilibrium moisture content of cassava pulp." Research in Agricultural Engineering 65, No. 1 (2019): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/112/2017-rae.

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The purpose of this research was to study the effect of temperature and relative humidity on the equilibrium moisture content of cassava pulp. In experiments, cassava pulp was tested with a static method that controlled the temperature at 30, 50 and 70°C and controlled relative humidity in a range 10–90% with standard saturated salt solutions as LiCl, MgCl2, NaBr, NaCl and KNO3. Five equations of equilibrium moisture isotherm were analysed to predict the equilibrium moisture content, which was a guideline to develop a new isotherm equation. The experimental results showed that the equilibrium moisture content was increased with increased relative humidity whereas it decreased with increased drying temperature. Therefore, the drying process and storage method of cassava pulp must control temperature and relative humidity of no more than 50°C and 60%, respectively. The analysis of isotherm equations revealed that the new isotherm equation has high accuracy to predict the equilibrium moisture content of cassava pulp and higher R2 correlation with the experimental data than five isotherm equations.

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Ofiço, Arnaldo Vitorino, Karina Márcia Ribeiro de Souza Nascimento, Charles Kiefer, et al. "Egg quality of laying hens fed with cassava (Manihot esculenta), moringa (Moringa oleifera) and bocaiuva (Acrocomia aculeata) in semi-intensive rearing system." Research, Society and Development 10, no. 6 (2021): e1541064828. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i6.4828.

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This study aimed to evaluate the introduction of cassava flour, moringa leaf meal and bocaiuva pulp in laying hens’ diets on egg quality. Nine hundred eggs from Dekalb® White laying hens between 34 and 54 weeks of age rearing in semi-intensive system were used in the experiment. The laying hens were submitted to the following diets: 1 - diet control: maize and soybean meal base diet; 2 - diet with inclusion of 18% of cassava root meal+4% moringa leaf meal+4% of bocaiuva pulp; 3 - diet with the inclusion of 24% of cassava root meal+6% of moringa leaf meal+6% of bocaiuva pulp; 4 - diet with the inclusion of 30% of cassava root meal+8% of moringa leaf meal+8% bocaiuva pulp. The inclusion of higher levels of alternative ingredients intensified yolk color; it improved the percentage of albumen, yolk index, specific gravity and reduced yolk percentage. The association of 30% de cassava root meal+8% de moringa leaf meal+8% de bocaiuva pulp does not decrease the egg quality; it gives the yolk an orange yellow tone and it can be used in diets of laying hens with 34 and 54 weeks of age in semi-intensive systems.

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Samnuknit, Weeraya, Pailin Boontawan, and Apichat Boontawan. "Efficient Process Development for Cellulosic Ethanol Fermentation from Cassava Pulp." International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Applications 8, no. 3 (2017): 169–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijcea.2017.8.3.650.

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Septiana, Ika, Luh Putu Trisna Darmayanti, and I. Made Sugitha. "Pengaruh Rasio Tepung Ampas Kelapa dan Singkong Parut Terhadap Sifat Kimia dan Sensoris Kue Klenyem." Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Pangan (ITEPA) 10, no. 1 (2021): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/itepa.2021.v10.i01.p14.

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This research aims to determine the comparison effect of coconut pulp flour with grated cassava on the characteristics of klenyem cake, and to find out the exact ratio of coconut flour and grated cassava so as to produce the best characteristics of klenyem cake. The experimental design used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with treatment of coconut pulp flour and grated cassava ratio consist 6 levels : 20% : 80%; 30% : 70%; 40% : 60; 50% : 50%; 60% : 40%; 70% : 30%. Each treatment was repeated 3 times so obtained 18 experimental units. The parameters observed were water content, ash content, protein content, fat content, carbohydrate content, crude fiber content and the sensory test of the klenyem cake.The data obtained were using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and if the significant effect to the variables, followed by The Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results showed that the comparison of coconut pulp flour and grated cassava have a significant effect on the water content, ash content, protein content, fat content, carbohydrate content, crude fiber content, color and texture (scoring), aroma, taste and overall acceptance (hedonic). Comparison of coconut pulp flour with grated cassava 40%: 60% has been able to produce the best characteristics of klenyem cake. The parameter results of 40% coconut pulp flour with 60% grated cassava that is water content 32.54%, ash content 1.78%, protein content 2.85%, fat content 33.72%, carbohydrate content 33.61%, crude fiber content 21.62%, yellow color, soft texture, aroma liked, taste liked and overall acceptance liked.

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Mas’ud, Zainal, Mohammad Khotib, Muhamad Farid, Anwar Nur, and Muhamad Amroni. "Superabsorbent derived from cassava waste pulp." International Journal Of Recycling of Organic Waste in Agriculture 2, no. 1 (2013): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2251-7715-2-8.

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Cheawchanlertfa, Pattsarun, Sawannee Sutheeworapong, Piroon Jenjaroenpun, et al. "Clostridium manihotivorum sp. nov., a novel mesophilic anaerobic bacterium that produces cassava pulp-degrading enzymes." PeerJ 8 (November 16, 2020): e10343. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10343.

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Background Cassava pulp is a promising starch-based biomasses, which consists of residual starch granules entrapped in plant cell wall containing non-starch polysaccharides, cellulose and hemicellulose. Strain CT4T, a novel mesophilic anaerobic bacterium isolated from soil collected from a cassava pulp landfill, has a strong ability to degrade polysaccharides in cassava pulp. This study explored a rarely described species within the genus Clostridium that possessed a group of cassava pulp-degrading enzymes. Methods A novel mesophilic anaerobic bacterium, the strain CT4T, was identified based on phylogenetic, genomic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic analysis. The complete genome of the strain CT4T was obtained following whole-genome sequencing, assembly and annotation using both Illumina and Oxford Nanopore Technology (ONT) platforms. Results Analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that strain CT4T is a species of genus Clostridium. Analysis of the whole-genome average amino acid identity (AAI) of strain CT4T and the other 665 closely related species of the genus Clostridium revealed a separated strain CT4T from the others. The results revealed that the genome consisted of a 6.3 Mb circular chromosome with 5,664 protein-coding sequences. Genome analysis result of strain CT4T revealed that it contained a set of genes encoding amylolytic-, hemicellulolytic-, cellulolytic- and pectinolytic enzymes. A comparative genomic analysis of strain CT4T with closely related species with available genomic information, C. amylolyticum SW408T, showed that strain CT4T contained more genes encoding cassava pulp-degrading enzymes, which comprised a complex mixture of amylolytic-, hemicellulolytic-, cellulolytic- and pectinolytic enzymes. This work presents the potential for saccharification of strain CT4T in the utilization of cassava pulp. Based on phylogenetic, genomic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic data, we propose a novel species for which the name Clostridium manihotivorum sp. nov. is suggested, with the type strain CT4T (= TBRC 11758T = NBRC 114534T).

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Yuwa-Amornpitak, Thalisa, and Pa-Nga Yeunyaw. "Comparative Study of Ethanol Production from Cassava Pulp by a Mixed Culture of Amylomyces Rouxii with Zygosaccharomyces Pseudorouxii and Zymomonas Mobilis." Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal 12, no. 1 (2019): 199–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bpj/1628.

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In order to develop a procedure for production bioethanol from cassava pulp, mixed culture of Amylomyces rouxii TISTR 3667 with Zygosaccharomyces pseudorouxii TISTR 5966 or Zymomonas mobilis TISTR 550 and cellulase were evaluated. The parameters such as pH, cellulase, and cassava pulp concentration that influence on the amount of fermentable sugar were optimized by response surface methodology (RSM). Ethanol production was observed and compared to the predicted value that was calculated from the models. The models were fitted to a second-order polynomial equation. They were used to predict ethanol concentration from the use of the mixed culture of A. rouxii TISTR 3667 and Z. mobilis TISTR 550 (G2) that was higher than the amount produced using the mixed culture of A. rouxii TISTR 3667 and Zygosaccharomyces pseudorouxii TISTR 5966 (G1). The following optimum parameters were obtained: pH 6, 20% cassava pulp, and 1% cellulase for G2; and pH 4, 20% cassava pulp, and 0.55% cellulase for G1. The effect of cellulase on ethanol production, a comparative study was conducted in the fermenter by using mixed culture of A. rouxii TISTR 3667 and Z. mobilis TISTR 550. It was showed that more 15% ethanol was gained from 10% cassava pulp with 0.5% cellulase (25 g/l ethanol) compared to the system without cellulase (20 g/l). Mathematically model (equation 4) predicted the ethanol in this system near the actual value of 26.87 g/l. This study indicated that RSM is a powerful tool for optimization fermentation process by using mixed culture including cellulase. Besides these cellulase also reduced viscosity of the cassava medium and enhanced ethanol production. However this process should be more continue to study.

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Boonnop, Krisada, Metha Wanapat, Ngarmnit Nontaso, and Sadudee Wanapat. "Enriching nutritive value of cassava root by yeast fermentation." Scientia Agricola 66, no. 5 (2009): 629–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162009000500007.

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Cassava (Manihot esculenta) is extensively cultivated throughout the tropics and subtropics regions due to its ability to grow in diverse soil conditions and minimal management. Experiments were made to study the cassava root fermentation by yeasts in order to enhance the nutritive value of their products (fresh pulp and chips). Both cassava chip (CC) and fresh cassava root pulp (FCR) samples were fermented by Saccharomyces cerevisiae in solid-liquid media fermentation conditions during 132 hours and dried at 30ºC. Products were analyzed for proximate composition, mineral composition, essential aminoacids and antinutrient content. There were increases (p < 0.01) in protein (30.4% in CC and 13.5% in fermented cassava root -FCR) and fat contents (5.8% in CC and 3.0% in FCR). S. cerevisiae fermented cassava products had very low hydrocyanic acid (HCN) contents (CC, 0.5 mg kg-1 and FCR, 47.3 mg kg-1). There was a remarkable increase in lysine content in the fermented cassava chip (FCC). The best acceptability and organoleptic attributes (color, texture and aroma) of enriched cassava chip were achieved after 132h of bioprocessing. The results of this study suggest that FCC can be nutritionally improved with S. cerevisiae for animal feeding.

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Nguyen, Thanh Chi, Ruksakulpiwat Chaiwat, and Yupaporn Ruksakulpiwat. "Extraction of Cellulose Microfibrils from Cassava Pulp." Key Engineering Materials 723 (December 2016): 427–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.723.427.

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Due to the increasing demand of alternatives to unrenewable petroleum supplies, the use of renewable materials for industrial applications is becoming more important. In this regard, cellulose microfibrils (CM) extracted from cassava pulp (CP) are one of promising materials. The objective of this work is to develop a simple chemical treatment to obtain cellulose microfibrils from CP. The process included alkali treatment and acid hydrolysis treatment. The alkali and acid treatments of CP were carried out by using NaOH and HCl solutions, respectively. In an effort to find the optimal conditions for these chemical treatments, various reactions with different temperatures and times were carried out. Besides that, sequence of two reactions (alkali treatment and acid hydrolysis treatment) was also varied in order to find out a proper reaction order for this chemical treatment. The morphological structure, chemical composition, degree of crystallinity and thermal properties of CM were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), respectively. The results demonstrate that this alkali – acid treatment can remove partially non-cellulosic materials from the structure of fibers and result in higher thermal stability and degree of crystallinity.

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Melani, Cici Ria, Taslim Sjah, and Bambang Dipokusumo. "ANALISIS NILAI TAMBAH BERBAGAI PRODUK OLAHAN INDUSTRI RUMAH TANGGA BERBASIS BAHAN BAKU UBI KAYU DI KECAMATAN GERUNG KABUPATEN LOMBOK BARAT." JURNAL AGRIMANSION 22, no. 2 (2021): 87–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/agrimansion.v22i2.624.

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This study aims to: (1) analyze the added value of processing business based on cassava raw material in Gerung District, West Lombok Regency, (2) analyze the benefit of processing business based on cassava raw material in Gerung District, West Lombok Regency, and (3) analyze the inhibiting factors of processing business based on cassava raw materials in Gerung District, West Lombok Regency. This research uses a descriptive method. The types of data used are quantitative and qualitative data. Sources of data used are primary data and secondary data. Data analysis using Hayami Method and profit analysis. The results showed that the added value was Rp. 9.571/kg (with a ratio of 67.79% and a profit rate of 80.33%) for cassava tape agroindustry, Rp. 18,191/kg (with a ratio of 71.34% and a profit rate of 88.20%) for cassava chips agroindustry, and Rp. 5.558/kg (with a ratio of 28% and a profit rate of 64.02%) for cassava pulp agroindustry. Profit of Rp. 384,782/production process and Rp. 10,389,114/month obtained from cassava tape agroindustry, Rp. 741,224/production process and Rp. 8,894,688/month obtained from cassava chips agroindustry, and Rp. 53,377/production process and Rp. 1,281,048/month obtained from cassava pulp agroindustry; and The inhibiting factors faced by processed entrepreneurs based on cassava raw materials in Gerung District, West Lombok Regency are the lack of raw material availability and limited working capital.

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Ratnadewi, Anak Agung Istri, Kamelia Rizqi Fauziyah, and Dwi Indarti. "Purification of Xylooligosaccharide From Casavva Pulp by Ultrafiltration Method." BERKALA SAINSTEK 9, no. 2 (2021): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/bst.v9i2.23388.

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Xylan is the main component of hemicellulose. Xylan can be extracted from agricultural waste, such as cassava pulp. Xylan is used as an endo-β-1,4-D-xylanase substrate to produce impure xylooligosaccharides (XOS)This study aims to purify XOS from cassava pulp using the ultrafiltration method. The components of XOS obtained from the enzymatic hydrolysis were analyzed using thin layer chromatography (TLC) and densitometry methods. In addition, the XOS was purified by the ultrafiltration method using a cellulose membrane with a Molecular Weight Cut Off (MWCO) of 12 kDa. The permeate obtained from the purification results was also analyzed using TLC and densitometry. The results of this study indicated that the components in XOS cassava pulp before and after purification by the TLC method were X5 and X6, while the XOS components before and after purification by the densitometric method were X3, X4 and X5.

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Leonel, Magali, Thaís Paes Rodrigues dos Santos, Sarita Leonel, Ciro Hugo Elnatan de Souza Santos, and Giuseppina Pace Pereira Lima. "Blends of cassava starch with banana flours as raw materials for gluten-free biscuits." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 42, no. 4 (2021): 2293–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2021v42n4p2293.

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The growth in demand for gluten-free products linked mainly to health aspects has led to an increased interest in the production of mixed flours for use in bakery products. This work aimed to evaluate the use of different mixtures of cassava starch with banana flour, obtained from the pulp and peel of green fruits, for the production of gluten-free biscuits. In the preparation of the biscuits, seven mixtures were prepared with varying percentages of cassava starch, banana pulp flour and banana peel flour. A formulation with wheat flour was used as a control. Wheat flour, cassava starch and banana flours were analyzed for chemical composition. The results showed that the banana peel flour stood out for its higher levels of proteins, fibres, lipids, ash, total phenols, total flavonoids and antioxidant activity which make this flour effective as a functional additive. However, the results of physical and sensory characteristics of the biscuits showed that the variation in the percentage of banana peel flour led to greater changes in the quality attributes of the biscuits, so the percentage of inclusion should be limited. Banana pulp flour (UBF) had high starch content, however, the biscuits produced with higher percentages of this flour and lower percentages of cassava starch showed lower propagation rates, greater hardness and less sensory acceptance, showing the importance of the starchy raw material in the physical properties of biscuits. Formulations containing cassava starch mixed with up to 15% banana flour (1:1, pulp and peel) are a good basis for making gluten-free biscuits.

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Boakye Peprah, Bright, Elizabeth Yaa Parkes, Peter Kulakow, Angeline van Biljon, and Maryke Tine Labuschagne. "Genetic Analysis of Yield and Quality Characteristics in Provitamin A Hybrid Cassava Families in Ghana." Agronomy 11, no. 10 (2021): 1911. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11101911.

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Cassava is the most widely cultivated and consumed crop in Ghana. Malnutrition is endemic in cassava-producing regions of Africa, partly due to the low micronutrient content of this crop. The aim of this study was to generate genetic information on characteristics such as total carotenoid content, dry matter content, root weight and number, and cassava mosaic disease (CMD), and their possible combination in cassava clones, using a North Carolina II breeding scheme. Five genetically diverse yellow-fleshed clones at advanced selection stages, with CMD resistance, were used as females and two high dry matter content white-fleshed clones, selected from farmers’ fields in Ghana, were used as males. Ten F1 families were generated, and evaluated at two locations in Ghana. General combining ability (GCA) mean squares were larger than specific combining ability (SCA) mean squares for harvest index, CMD, and carotenoid content, indicating additive genetic effects. The positive significant correlations that were observed between pulp color and carotenoid content; carotenoid content and CMD; pulp color and CMD; and pulp color and cortex color, make the screening of large numbers of progenies possible in the cassava breeding program. This could allow breeders to combine carotenoid content and CMD at the early breeding stages through visual assessment of pulp color and CMD symptoms. Large numbers of genotypes can be evaluated and a few can be selected to be quantified for carotenoid content at later stages of the breeding program, to save costs. One of the parents (P6), showed positive GCA effects for carotenoid content, dry matter content, CMD and storage root weight, hence could be used as a parent to generate clones that combine carotenoid content and dry matter content.

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Pramana, Yanuar Sigit, and Titi Candra Sunarti. "Process Optimization for Dietary Fiber Production from Cassava Pulp Using Acid Treatment." Acta Universitatis Cibiniensis. Series E: Food Technology 22, no. 2 (2018): 21–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aucft-2018-0009.

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Abstract Cassava pulp, the side product of tapioca industry consists of starch and fiber as the major component. Acid treatment was employed in the conversion process of cassava pulp into dietary fiber to remove the starch component, to increase fiber content, and to modify the structure of fiber. This study purposed to obtain optimum process conditions (acid concentration, temperature, and reaction time) in the production of dietary fiber from cassava pulp. Process optimization was conducted using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) for maximizing Total Dietary Fiber (TDF), Water Holding Capacity (WHC) and Oil Holding Capacity (OHC) as the responses. The optimum process was gained at 6% H2SO4 concentration, 127°C, and 45 mins. Prediction values of TDF, WHC, and OHC were 100%, 10.47 g/g, and 3.60 g/g, respectively. Validation was carried out and resulted in TDF 96.95%, WHC 10.47 g/g, and OHC 3.55 g/g. Physicochemical properties of the resulting dietary fiber were significantly improved. The fiber structure has modified which characterized by the changes in morphology and crystallinity.

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Runajak, Raviporn, Santi Chuetor, Wawat Rodiahwati, Malinee Sriariyanun, Prapakorn Tantayotai, and Somkiat Phornphisutthimas. "Analysis of Microbial Consortia with High Cellulolytic Activities for Cassava Pulp Degradation." E3S Web of Conferences 141 (2020): 03005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202014103005.

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Biogas production is one of the means to manage the cassava pulp waste obtained from the cassava processing plants. The success of the process is determined by the hydrolysis in an anaerobic digester. When the digester failure is found, the new microbial consortium inoculum is introduced to the system with the long period of set up time. This research aimed to construct the endemic microbial consortium by re-cultivating the cellulolytic microbial consortia obtained from cassava pulp and digester wastewater with the expected shorter set up time. Modifications of enrichment and re-cultivation methods by varying the nutrients, pH and temperature improved the enzymatic hydrolysis yields, as reducing sugars, of CMC, rice straw and cassava pulp substrates approximately 9, 3, and 13 times, respectively. To analyze the enzymatic activities of the selected microbial consortia, the cellulase enzyme was extracted, partially purified and analyzed on CMC-zymogram. The ~130 kDa-sized cellulase enzyme was identified with endocellulase activity, and it was considered as a relatively large molecular size molecule compared to most bacterial endocellulases. The selected microbial consortia were tested for their biomass degradation capacities, and the optimal operational condition was obtained at pH 7.0 and 30 °C. This optimal condition showed the proof of the concept that this re-cultivated consortium could be applied in on-site digester with high efficiency.

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Lounglawan, Pipat, Mek Khungaew, and Wisitiporn Suksombat. "Silage Production from Cassava Peel and Cassava Pulp as Energy Source in Cattle Diets." Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances 10, no. 8 (2011): 1007–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/javaa.2011.1007.1011.

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Chirinang, Pornariya, Ratchadaporn Oonsivilai, and Thanawit Kulrattanarak. "Ultrasound Assisted Extraction for Preparation Dietary Fiber from Cassava Pulp." Advanced Materials Research 931-932 (May 2014): 1502–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.931-932.1502.

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Dietary fiber is one of value added products from cassava pulp, byproduct of cassava starch industry. It could be produced by enzymatic digestion in which the optimal condition was studied. The three independent variables are heating temperature (°C) after adding α-amylase concentration (%v/v) and amyloglucosidase concentration (%v/v) regarding of two responses solid percentage yield and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) in the digested sample. The experimental design was based on central composite design. The highest solid percentage yield and NDF of cassava byproduct could get from enzymatic digestion condition at heating temperature at 90 °C, α-amylase concentration of 0.3 % (v/v), and amyloglucosidase concentration of 0.5 % (v/v). For ultrasound-assisted preparation was investigated at the optimum condition of enzymatic digestion. Ultrasound condition was control power of 140% and a frequency of 40 kHz for 15 min. The ultrasound was applied at pre-treatment condition (before adding α-amylase, PU) collocated with intermediate condition (before adding amyloglucosidase, IU) higher NDF yield than optimal condition at 18.78%. In addition, this ultrasound assisted technique give the highest solid percentage.

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Bolade, D. O., G. R. E. E. Ana, S. A. Lateef, and A. A. Sokan-Adeaga. "Exploration of the Bioethanol Yield of Single and Multi-Substrate Biomass from Cassava Processing Wastes." Journal of Solid Waste Technology and Management 45, no. 3 (2019): 305–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5276/jswtm/2019.305.

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Cassava processing generates large quantities of wastes which contribute significantly to environmental pollution. These wastes are abundant and inexpensive feedstock for bioethanol production that are available all year round in every region in Nigeria. Despite their wide availability, optimal generation of bioethanol from these wastes has not been achieved. This study explored the bioethanol yielding potential of single and multi-substrates biomass from cassava processing wastes. Physicochemical characterization of the cassava processing wastes viz: cassava peels (Cp), cassava pulp (Cpu) and cassava wastewater (Cw) revealed the followings: low pH, cyanide, high total organic carbon and organic matter; low total nitrogen and phosphorus content. Among the single substrates, cassava peels (Cp) gave the highest glucose yield (GY), (48.04 mg/g) and total reducing sugars (TRS), (103.44 mg/g) respectively; while the combination of cassava peel, pulp (Cpu) and wastewater (Cw) (CpCpuCw) gave the highest GY (61.67±0.03mg/g) and TRS (111.36±0.04mg/g) among the multi-substrates. The ethanol yield obtained from the substrates at 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours of fermentation were: Cp (337.5m3/kg, 354.0m3/kg and 348.6m3/kg), Cpu (249.4m3/kg, 270.6m3/kg and 264.6m3/kg), Cw (86.2m3/kg, 109.2m3/kg and 109.0m3/kg), CpCpu (352.3m3/kg, 386.9m3/kg and 381.5m3/kg), CpCw(339.0m3/kg, 370.6m3/kg and 359.4m3/kg), CpuCw (267.9m3/kg, 279.5m3/kg and 271.2m3/kg), and CpCpuCw (408.7m3/kg, 427.5m3/kg and 410.6m3/kg) respectively. The study revealed that the combination of the three wastes (CpCpuCw) produced the highest GY/TRS and yield of bioethanol among the substrates, while the maximum ethanol yield was obtained at 48 hours of fermentation. Hence bioethanol production from multi-substrates biomass of cassava processing wastes should be fully explored.

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Kangwanwatthanasiri, Parina, Nitinat Suppakarn, Chaiwat Ruksakulpiwat, and Ruksakulpiwat Yupaporn. "Biocomposites from Cassava Pulp/Polylactic Acid/Poly(butylene Succinate)." Advanced Materials Research 747 (August 2013): 367–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.747.367.

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In this study, effect of PBS content on physical properties of polylactic acid (PLA) and polybutylene succinate (PBS) blends was studied. The content of PBS was varied from 0 30 %wt. The blends were mixed using an internal mixer. The samples were prepared using a compression molding. It was shown that tensile strength and Youngs modulus of PLA/PBS blends were decreased with increasing PBS content from to 0 30 %wt. Nevertheless, elongation at break and impact strength of the blend were increased with increasing the amount of PBS up to 20 %wt. Polylactic acid grafted glycidyl methacrylate (PLA-g-GMA) was used as the compatibilizer in PLA/PBS/PLA-g-GMA blends. PLA-g-GMA was shown to improve interfacial adhesion between PLA and PBS. With the addition of PLA-g-GMA, mechanical properties of PLA/PBS blend were improved. The preparation of cassava pulp (CP) to be used as filler in PLA/PBS blends and PLA/PBS/PLA-g-GMA blends was studied. Effect of CP content on mechanical properties CP/PLA/PBS composites was studied. PLA-g-GMA was also used as compatibilizer in CP/PLA/PBS composites. The mechanical properties of CP/PLA/PBS composites were improved with the addition of PLA-g-GMA as well.

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Ruangudomsakul, Watcharin, Chaiwat Ruksakulpiwat, and Yupaporn Ruksakulpiwat. "Preparation and Characterization of Cellulose Nanofibers from Cassava Pulp." Macromolecular Symposia 354, no. 1 (2015): 170–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/masy.201400096.

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Charmongkolpradit, Suparerk, and Ratinun Luampon. "Study of Thin Layer Drying Model for Cassava Pulp." Energy Procedia 138 (October 2017): 354–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2017.10.138.

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BRITO, A. C., S. A. S. OLIVEIRA, and E. J. OLIVEIRA. "Genome-wide association study for resistance to cassava root rot." Journal of Agricultural Science 155, no. 9 (2017): 1424–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859617000612.

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SUMMARYCassava root rot (CRR) disease associated with a complex of soil pathogens has caused great yield losses in the crop. The objective of the current work was to obtain insights about the genetic architecture of CRR resistance caused by Fusarium (dry root rot – DRR), Phytophthora (soft root rot – SRR) and Botryosphaeriaceae (black root rot – BRR) species, using genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Phenotyping data of 263 accessions (artificial inoculation) and 14 094 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) (missing data <0·10 and minor allele frequency >0·05) were used. The severity of CRR in peel and pulp was variable among accessions, but the pathogens that caused DRR were more aggressive. Broad-sense heritability ($h_g^2 $) was of medium magnitude for all groups of resistances for pathogens, with variation from 0·16 ± 0·019 (Fspp Pulp) to 0·31 ± 0·028 (Fspp Peel). The kinship matrix was used to correct for stratification as well as for clustering the accessions. Overall, this analysis showed that there was no relationship between agronomic traits and resistance to CRR and the four clusters obtained from kinship matrix. The GWAS identified 38 significant SNPs, of which eight and 22 are related to the severity of DRR in the pulp and peel, respectively. The other eight SNPs were associated with SRR-peel (1), SRR-pulp (1), BRR-peel (3) and BRR-pulp (3). Half of the SNPs associated with CRR resistance have functional annotations related to defence and response to pathogen attack as well as general cellular processes. The current study revealed that resistance to CRR is controlled by multiple loci with small effects, and significant SNPs can be used to identify putative genes that control these traits.

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Bunterngsook, Benjarat, Thanaporn Laothanachareon, Suda Natrchalayuth, et al. "Optimization of a minimal synergistic enzyme system for hydrolysis of raw cassava pulp." RSC Adv. 7, no. 76 (2017): 48444–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra08472b.

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Cassava pulp is an underused agricultural by-product comprising residual starch granules entrapped in cell wall polysaccharides, making it unique from other lignocellulosic wastes in terms of enzymatic processing.

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Omoikhoje, S. O., R. A. Animashaun, and M. I. Edokpayi. "Enhancement of the nutritive values of some agro-industrial waste products by solid state fermentation." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 41, no. 2 (2021): 81–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v41i2.782.

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This study was conducted to determine the effect of biodegradation on the nutrient contents of rice bran (RB), cassava residual pulp (CRP), saw dust (SD) and palm oil fibre (POF) by Penicilium sp. RB, CRP, SD and POF were subjected to solid state fermentation by Penicilium sp. for 7 days and the process was terminated by oven drying at 700C for 24hours. The fermented samples were thoroughly mixed, dried and stored in sterile bottles for analyses. Results of proximate composition before and after biodegradation revealed that percentage improvement in crude protein, ether extract, ash, and gross energy were significantly (P<0.05) higher in CRP compared to RB, SD and POF. Similarly, percentage reduction in crude fibre after biodegradation was highest (P><0.05) in CRP compared to other agro industrial wastes products. It was evident that solid state fermentation using Penicillium sp enhanced the crude protein value and reduced the crude fibre contents of rice bran, cassava residual pulp, saw dust and palm oil fibre thereby increasing nutrient availability and their utilization as feed alternative ingredients for farm animal nutrition. ><0.05) higher in CRP compared to RB, SD and POF. Similarly, percentage reduction in crude fibre after biodegradation was highest (P<0.05) in CRP compared to other agro industrial wastes products. It was evident that solid state fermentation using Penicillium sp enhanced the crude protein value and reduced the crude fibre contents of rice bran, cassava residual pulp, saw dust and palm oil fibre thereby increasing nutrient availability and their utilization as feed alternative ingredients for farm animal nutrition.><0.05) n CRP compared to other agro industrial wastes products. It was evident that solid state fermentation using Penicillium sp enhanced the crude protein value and reduced the crude fibre contents of rice bran, cassava residual pulp, saw dust and palm oil fibre thereby increasing nutrient availability and their utilization as feed alternative ingredients for farm animal nutrition.

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Nonchana, Thanakrit, and Kulachate Pianthong. "Bio-oil synthesis from cassava pulp via hydrothermal liquefaction: Effects of catalysts and operating conditions." International Journal of Renewable Energy Development 9, no. 3 (2020): 329–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.9.3.329-337.

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The influence of catalysts and operating conditions on the conversion and yield of bio-crude oil from CP via the hydrothermal liquefaction technique (HTL) were studied. HTL is commonly used to convert CP to bio-crude oil (BCO). Three independent factors—reaction temperatures (250–350 °C), reaction times (30–90 min), and CP concentrations (5–20 wt.%)—were investigated. Proximate analysis showed that CP comprises 84.61% volatile matter and 13.59% fixed carbon. The ultimate analysis demonstrated that CP has carbon and oxygen levels of 44.86% and 46.91%, respectively. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that CP begins to decompose at temperatures between 250–350 °C. The results show that KOH is the most suitable catalyst because it provides the highest BCO yield when compared to other catalysts under the same operating conditions. We found that the ideal operating conditions for maximizing BCO performance are 250 °C, pressure of 17.0 MPa, 90 min, 5 wt.%. Under these conditions, Fourier transforms infrared analysis showed that the most abundant chemical bonds found in BCO were CH3-O, CH3-C, and CH3. The findings of the CHNS analysis showed that BCO has an H/C ratio of 2.25, similar to that of petroleum and bio-diesel. Results from a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer indicate that a fatty acid group is the main component of BCO. ©2020. CBIORE-IJRED. All rights reserved

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Bui, Tuan Anh, Van Hung Pham, Bich Huy Nguyen, Thanh Phong Nguyen, Duc Khuyen Nguyen, and Van Cong Chinh Nguyen. "Study of Using Cassava Pulp to Produce Livestock Feed Pellet." International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology 8, no. 1 (2018): 242. http://dx.doi.org/10.18517/ijaseit.8.1.3759.

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Jullanun, Phatcharin, and Rangrong Yoksan. "Morphological characteristics and properties of TPS/PLA/cassava pulp biocomposites." Polymer Testing 88 (August 2020): 106522. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymertesting.2020.106522.

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Otache, Monday, Godwin Agbajor, Ambrose Akpovona, and Blessing Ogoh. "Quantitative Determination of Sugars in Three Varieties of Cassava Pulp." Asian Journal of Chemical Sciences 3, no. 3 (2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajocs/2017/37112.

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Keaokliang, Ornvimol, Tomoyuki Kawashima, Wanna Angthong, Tomoyuki Suzuki, and Ramphrai Narmseelee. "Chemical composition and nutritive values of cassava pulp for cattle." Animal Science Journal 89, no. 8 (2018): 1120–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/asj.13039.

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Pongjongmit, Tanitpan, and Thitima Norrapoke. "Effect of additive fermented residues from factory on rumen fermentation and microbial population in beef cattle." Animal Production Science 61, no. 13 (2021): 1356. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an20205.

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Context Suboptimal beef production resulting from poor growth performance of the animals in Thailand may be due to insufficient energy and protein in the animal feed. Therefore, there is a need to find new, locally available and economical nutrient-rich feed resources. By-products from the agri-industry could be one such alternative to improve livestock feed quality. The aim of the study was to evaluate the feed intake, nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation and microbial population of additive fermented cassava pulp with residues from noodle factory (CN). Four beef cattle at ~2–3 years of age were randomly assigned according to a 4 × 4 Latin square design. Four feed treatments had cassava pulp:residue ratios of 0:0 (NCN), 70:30 (CN1), 60:40 (CN2), 50:50 (CN3). In conclusion, feeding with CN at 60:40 might be an alternative to improve rumen fermentation efficiency, estimated energy, apparent digestibility and bacteria population. Aims The aim of the present study was to determine feed intake, nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation and microbial population of cattle fed additive fermented cassava pulp with residues from noodle factory (CN). Methods Four beef cattle of ~2–3 years of age and of initial bodyweight of 150 ± 40 kg were randomly assigned to the following four treatments, according to a 4 × 4 Latin square design: cassava pulp:residue at ratios of 0:0 (NCN), 70:30 (CN1), 60:40 (CN2) and 50:50 (CN3) was added. All animals were fed concentrated 16% crude protein and cassava pulp–residue at 1% of bodyweight of animals. Rice straw, water and mineral salt block were offered ad libitum. Key results Feed intake and bodyweight change were not affected, while estimated energy intake and nutrient digestibilities increased (P &lt; 0.05) after animals were fed CN2 and CN3. Ruminal pH, ruminal temperature, ammonia nitrogen and blood urea nitrogen were not altered by CN, whereas total volatile fatty acids and the proportion of propionate increased with an increasing proportion of residues from noodle factory (P &lt; 0.05). Simultaneously, methane production was reduced by CN. In addition, bacterial population and efficiency of microbial nitrogen synthesis were increased (P &lt; 0.05) by CN. Real-time polymerase chain reaction showed that the populations of total bacterial and F. succinogenes increased (P &lt; 0.05), whereas populations of protozoa, R. flavefaciens and R. albus were not significantly different among the treatments. Conclusions It is concluded that feeding with CN can improve rumen fermentation efficiency, estimated energy, apparent digestibility and bacterial population. Feeding with CN2 is recommended because it showed the best response Implications Agri-industry by-products such as cassava pulp and residues from noodle factory can provide an economical alternative to improve feed quality and, hence, beef animal performace in Thailand.

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Pradipasena, Pasawadee, Rungsima Chollakup, and Sumate Tantratian. "Formation and characterization of BC and BC-paper pulp films for packaging application." Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials 31, no. 4 (2017): 500–513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0892705717712633.

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It was found beneficial to manufacture bacterial cellulose (BC) obtained from waste food sources to create value-added packaging products by firstly performing purification and disintegration processing of the BC and then reinforcing it with paper pulp. The purification treatment involved using sodium hydroxide (2% w/v at 100°C for 1 h) on BC pulp to remove the bacterial protein and the resulting cultured medium film was characterized with respect to its physical properties. An acid treatment on the purified BC pulp was applied to disintegrate cellulose network before forming a film. The results showed that the sodium hydroxide treatment increased the film burst index and brightness. Heating the BC pulp to 70–100°C in 1.25–5.00% v/v sulfuric acid treatment for 30 min degraded the film’s mechanical properties. Also, a study of the addition and mixing of paper pulps or modified cationic starch to the BC was found to improve the film properties with respect to packaging properties. Inclusion of short fiber paper pulp by 30 wt.% created a good synergistic effect by improving the mechanical properties of film especially for tear strength. Moreover, cationic-modified cassava starch (2% w/w) improved the tensile and burst index as well as resistance to oxygen permeation of the BC film. The results indicate that the BC pulp could be used to improve mechanical properties and resistance to water vapor and oxygen permeation of the short fiber paper pulp film which is ideal for packaging materials.

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Sugiharto, S., E. Widiastuti, I. Isroli, T. Yudiarti, T. A. Sartono, and H. I. Wahyuni. "Breast meat characteristics of broilers fed fermented mixture of cassava pulp and Moringa oleifera leaf meal." Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture 45, no. 2 (2020): 103–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jitaa.45.2.103-114.

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The present study aimed to investigate the effect of feeding fermented mixture of cassava pulp and M. oleifera leaf meal (FCPMO) on the breast meat characteristics of broiler chickens. From day 8 onward, 400 Lohmann broiler chicks were allotted to four dietary groups included CONT (maize-soybean-based feed with no additive), BACI (maize-soybean-based feed supplemented with 0.1% zinc bacitracin), FERM (feed containing 20% of FCPMO) and FERB (feed containing 20% of FCPMO and 0.1% probiotic Bacillus subtilis). At day 35, one male chick from each replicate (10 chicks per treatment group) was taken and slaughtered. After being eviscerated and de-feathered, sample of breast meat was obtained for the assessment of meat characteristics. Results showed that feeding FCPMO had no effect (P>0.05) on pH and water holding capacity (WHC) of breast meats. Compared to other groups, FERB meat had higher (P<0.05) cooking loss. FERM and FERB meats had lower (P<0.05) moisture content than that of CONT and BACI meats. Feeding FCPMO with or without B. subtilis increased (P<0.05) crude protein content of breast meats. Feeding FCPMO resulted in lower (P<0.05) fat content in the breast meat. Compared to other meats, breast meats from BACI had higher (P<0.05) ash content. Cholesterol was lower (P=0.08) in FERB than in BACI and FERM meats. The 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) IC50 values were higher (P<0.05) in meat of CONT than that in other groups. Feeding FCPMO resulted in higher (P<0.05) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), lower (P<0.05) monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and had no effect on saturated fatty acids (SFA) contents of broiler breast meats. In conclusion, feeding FCPMO produced healthy broiler meat as reflected by the higher contents of protein, PUFA and antioxidants, and lower fat in meats.

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Kolapo, Adelodun Lawrence, Raoofat Olamide Salami, Ismail Onajobi, Flora Emilia Oluwafemi, Abosede Oyeyemi Fawole, and Olufunmilayo Ebunoluwa Adejumo. "Detoxification and nutritional enrichment of cassava waste pulp using Rhizopus oligosporus and Aspergillus niger." Annals of the University Dunarea de Jos of Galati. Fascicle VI - Food Technology 45, no. 1 (2021): 52–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.35219/foodtechnology.2021.1.04.

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The present study evaluated the detoxification and nutritional enrichment potentials of the fermented cassava waste pulp obtained through different processing methods of sweet (S) and bitter (B) cassava varieties by fermentation with Rhizopus oligosporus and Aspergillus niger. Four batches [two with both bark and cortex of the tuber removed (S- and B-), two with bark only removed (S+ and B+)] of cassava waste pulp (CWP) were produced from each of S and B varieties. CWP from the four treatments were then subjected to Rhizopus oligosporus, Aspergillus niger, and natural fermentation. Cyanide (mg HCN/kg), phytate (mg/100g), tannin (mg/100g), pH, crude protein (N X6.25) (%), ash (%), Fe, P, K and Ca (mg/100g) content of the unfermented and fermented CWP were determined using standard procedures. The range of the reduction (%) in cyanide content for Rhizopus oligosporus fermented CWP (RCWP), Aspergillus niger fermented CWP (ACWP), and naturally fermented CWP (NCWP) were 86.24 – 91.95, 79.68 – 84.34 and 72.96 – 78.58 while those for phytate were 58.82 – 71.20, 29.98 – 39.26 and 36.16 – 40.32 respectively. Fermentation had no significant (p>0.05) effect on the tannin content while the pH range of NCWP, RCWP and ACWP were 7.20 – 7.50, 5.41 – 6.40, and 3.83 – 4.21, respectively. The range of the increase (%) in the protein content for NCWP, RCWP, and ACWP was 346 – 375 , 671 – 728 and 508 – 542 while those of the ash content were 7.16 – 7.91, 6.72 – 6.84, and 5.42 – 5.63 respectively. Of all the examined minerals, only calcium increased by 5.68 – 26.89, 49.96 - 70.43, and 59.71 – 98.87 % in NCWP, RCWP, and ACWP respectively. Results from the present study are indicating that controlled fermentation offers greater benefit over natural fermentation and that the cassava variety and not the peeling method will determine the extent of detoxification and nutrient enrichment.

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Djuma’ali, Djuma’ali, Nonot Soewarno, Sumarno Sumarno, Dyah Primarini, and Wahono Sumaryono. "Cassava Pulp as a Biofuel Feedstock of an Enzymatic Hydrolysis Proces." Makara Journal of Technology 15, no. 2 (2013): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.7454/mst.v15i2.938.

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Leonel, Magali, Luciana Bronzi de Souza, and Martha Maria Mischan. "Thermal and pasting properties of cassava starch-dehydrated orange pulp blends." Scientia Agricola 68, no. 3 (2011): 342–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162011000300011.

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Instant mixtures are easy to prepare and frequently present functional appeals. A quality parameter for instant mixtures is their rheological behavior. This study aimed at evaluating the effects of extrusion parameters on the pasting properties of cassava (Manihot esculenta L.) starch and dehydrated orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) pulp mixtures. The variable parameters were moisture of mixtures (12.5 to 19%), barrel temperature (40 to 90ºC) and screw rotation (170 to 266 rpm). The extruded mixtures did not show gelatinization enthalpy. Moisture had the greatest effect on paste properties. The initial pasting viscosity (before heating) of RVA (Rapid visco analyzer) is the most relevant parameter to instant mixtures. The highest cold viscosity values were obtained when mixtures were extruded under high moisture and high screw speed. High moisture (19.5%), intermediate temperature (65ºC) and screw speed (218 rpm) led to extruded mixtures production with low component degradation.

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Thanh, Chi Nguyen, Ruksakulpiwat Chaiwat, and Ruksakulpiwat Yupaporn. "Biocomposites of Poly(Lactic Acid) and Cellulose Nanofibers from Cassava Pulp." Key Engineering Materials 753 (August 2017): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.753.13.

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Cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) were used as biobased fillers to prepare poly(lactic acid) (PLA)-based biocomposites. Cellulose nanofibers were extracted from cassava pulp (CP) by acid hydrolysis method. Before submitted to acid treatment, CP was pre-treated by alkali and bleaching treatments. The biocomposites were prepared by melt mixing, followed by hot melt pressing. In order to improve the compatibility of CNFs with PLA matrix, glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) grafted poly (lactic acid) (PLA-g-GMA) was used as a compatibilizer. PLA-g-GMA was prepared by grafting of GMA onto PLA chain via melt mixing using an internal mixer. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) micrograph shows that most nanofibers with the diameter in the range of 10-30 nm and immeasurable length were obtained. The appearance of two new peaks at 49.07 and 44.71 ppm in the carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (13C-NMR) spectrum of PLA-g-GMA, which represent the carbons of the epoxy group of GMA, confirms that GMA was successfully grafted onto PLA chain. The morphology of biocomposites, characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), reveals that without using PLA-g-GMA, the poor dispersion of CNFs in PLA matrix was observed. In contrast to that, with using PLA-g-GMA, the dispersion of CNFs in PLA matrix was improved. Moreover, the impact strength results show that by incorporating 1.0 wt% CNFs into PLA matrix and using PLA-g-GMA as a compatibilizer, the impact strength of biocomposites was slightly enhanced compared to that of pure PLA.

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Ogunbode, A. A., A. A. Akinosun, and T. M. Olajide. "Nutrients and anti–nutrient content of sundried cassava starch extract pulp." Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 23, no. 6 (2019): 1133. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v23i6.21.

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IWASAKI, Hiroshi, Toshinori KOJIMA, Yukihiko MATSUMURA, Hiromi YAMAMOTO, Kennji YAMAJI, and Koichi YAMADA. "Improvement of the Bioethanol Process Using Cassava Pulp as Biomass Resource." Journal of the Japan Institute of Energy 86, no. 7 (2007): 470–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3775/jie.86.470.

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Chaikaew, Siriporn, Yuka Maeno, Wonnop Visessanguan, et al. "Application of thermophilic enzymes and water jet system to cassava pulp." Bioresource Technology 126 (December 2012): 87–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2012.09.020.

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Glanpracha, Naraporn, and Ajit P. Annachhatre. "Anaerobic co-digestion of cyanide containing cassava pulp with pig manure." Bioresource Technology 214 (August 2016): 112–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2016.04.079.

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Putridinanti, A. D., C. T. Noviandi, Gunawan, A. Agus, K. Harper, and D. Poppi. "A comparison of three highly fermentable carbohydrate sources (corn, cassava powder or cassava pulp) on in vitro digestion." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 387 (December 5, 2019): 012106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/387/1/012106.

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Daud, Zawawi, Halizah Awang, Angzzas Sari Mohd Kassim, Mohd Zainuri Mohd Hatta, and Ashuvila Mohd Aripin. "Comparison of Pineapple Leaf and Cassava Peel by Chemical Properties and Morphology Characterization." Advanced Materials Research 974 (June 2014): 384–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.974.384.

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Abstract:

Proper waste management in Malaysia is needed for the organic wastes such as pineapple leaf and cassava peel where affects the increase the amount of solid waste dump into landfill. Thus, to overcome this problem agro waste material can be constructed in many production industries to commercialize the use of alternative fibre for the paper industry. The main objective of this study is to demonstrate the use of fibrous in pineapple leaf and cassava peel by production of alternative fibre based on chemical properties and surface morphology characteristic. This study conducted for the chemical composition by analysed by TAPPI Test method, Chlorination method and Kuchner-Hoffner method. Every chemical components analyse; Cellulose (Kuchner-Hoofner), Holocellulose (Chlorination method), Hemicellulose (Chlorination method), Hemicellulose, Ash content (T211-om-93), Lignin content (T222-om-98) and Sodium Hydroxide soluble (T203-om-88). The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe and determine the morphological characteristic of both crops. The result indicates that pineapple leaf more suitable for becoming an alternative fibre than cassava peels. Pineapple leaves have a high Holocellulose content (85.7%), cassava peels 66%, followed by Cellulose pineapple leaf (66.2%), cassava peels (37.9%). However, hemicellulose content in pineapple leaf (19.5%) less than cassava peels (37.0%). Lignin content of pineapple leaf is lower (4.2%) compared to cassava peels (7.52%) in this study. From SEM images, cassava peel contained abundance fibre such as hemicellulose and cellulose that is held by the lignin in it and Pineapple leaves give a condensed composition of fibre structure. The chemical compositions and morphology study of pineapple leaf and cassava indicate pineapple leaf have a high percentage to be used as an alternative pulp in paper making industry, promoting the green technology. However, cassava peels make some of properties that can also be through for the paper industry.

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Nguyen, Thanh Chi, Chaiwat Ruksakulpiwat, and Yupaporn Ruksakulpiwat. "Effect of cellulose nanofibers from cassava pulp on physical properties of poly(lactic acid) biocomposites." Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials 33, no. 8 (2019): 1094–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0892705718820395.

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Biocomposites of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) extracted from cassava pulp were successfully prepared by melt mixing in an internal mixer. CNFs were prepared from cassava pulp by submitting to alkali hydrolysis, bleaching treatment, and acid hydrolysis. The compatibility between CNFs and PLA matrix was improved using glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) grafted PLA (PLA-g-GMA) as an effective compatibilizer. Higher elongation at break and impact strength of PLA/PLA-g-GMA/CNFs biocomposites was achieved compared to that of neat PLA. PLA-g-GMA shows a strong effect on the crystallization behavior of the biocomposites. The PLA/PLA-g-GMA/CNFs biocomposites induce cold crystallization to take place at lower temperature. Higher degree of crystallinity of PLA/PLA-g-GMA/CNFs biocomposites was obtained compared to PLA/CNFs biocomposites. The mechanical and thermal properties of PLA/CNFs biocomposites at various ratios were investigated. With increasing CNFs contents, the modulus of the biocomposites increases. Thermal stability of PLA/CNFs and PLA/PLA-g-GMA/CNFs biocomposites did not change significantly compared to that of neat PLA.

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