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Journal articles on the topic 'Cathodes. Lithium cells. Manganese oxides'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 5 February 2022

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1

Thackeray, Michael M., John O. Thomas, and M. Stanley Whittingham. "Science and Applications of Mixed Conductors for Lithium Batteries." MRS Bulletin 25, no. 3 (2000): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2000.17.

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IntroductionMixed conductors show significant mobility of both electronic and ionic species and were the subject of an earlier review in MRS Bulletin.1 The current review is restricted to those mixed conductors of interest for use in lithium batteries, with an emphasis on commercialization. The first lithium batteries were primary cells using pure lithium anodes and carbon monofluoride or manganese oxide as the cathode. Both were developed in Japan, the former for use in fishing floats and the latter for calculators and similar small devices. Such primary cells based mainly on MnO2 or FeS2 cat

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2

Jo, Minsang, Seong-Hyo Park, and Hochun Lee. "Effects of a Sodium Phosphate Electrolyte Additive on Elevated Temperature Performance of Spinel Lithium Manganese Oxide Cathodes." Materials 14, no. 16 (2021): 4670. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14164670.

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LiMn2O4 (LMO) spinel cathode materials suffer from severe degradation at elevated temperatures because of Mn dissolution. In this research, monobasic sodium phosphate (NaH2PO4, P2) is examined as an electrolyte additive to mitigate Mn dissolution; thus, the thermal stability of the LMO cathode material is improved. The P2 additive considerably improves the cyclability and storage performances of LMO/graphite and LMO/LMO symmetric cells at 60 °C. We explain that P2 suppresses the hydrofluoric acid content in the electrolyte and forms a protective cathode electrolyte interphase layer, which miti

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3

Peters, Jens, Alexandra Peña Cruz, and Marcel Weil. "Exploring the Economic Potential of Sodium-Ion Batteries." Batteries 5, no. 1 (2019): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/batteries5010010.

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Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are a recent development being promoted repeatedly as an economically promising alternative to lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, only one detailed study about material costs has yet been published for this battery type. This paper presents the first detailed economic assessment of 18,650-type SIB cells with a layered oxide cathode and a hard carbon anode, based on existing datasheets for pre-commercial battery cells. The results are compared with those of competing LIB cells, that is, with lithium-nickel-manganese-cobalt-oxide cathodes (NMC) and with lithium-ir

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4

Walanda, Daud K. "KINETIC TRANSFORMATION OF SPINEL TYPE LiMnLiMn₂O₄ INTO TUNNEL TYPE MnO₂." Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 7, no. 2 (2010): 117–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.21685.

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Lithiated phase LiMn2O4 is a potential cathode material for high-energy batteries because it can be used in conjunction with suitable carbon anode materials to produce so-called lithium ion cells. The kinetic transformation of LiMn2O4 into manganese dioxide (MnO2) in sulphuric acid has been studied. It is assumed that the conversion of LiMn2O4 into R-MnO2 is a first order autocatalytic reaction. The transformation actually proceeds through the spinel l-MnO2 as an intermediate species which is then converted into gamma phase of manganese dioxide. In this reaction LiMn2O4 whose structure spinel

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5

Nakano, Hideyuki, Chikaaki Okuda, and Yoshio Ukyo. "Cathodic Behavior of Layered Manganese Oxides from Potassium Permanganate for Rechargeable Lithium Cells." Key Engineering Materials 248 (August 2003): 143–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.248.143.

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6

Schwich, Lilian, Tom Schubert, and Bernd Friedrich. "Early-Stage Recovery of Lithium from Tailored Thermal Conditioned Black Mass Part I: Mobilizing Lithium via Supercritical CO2-Carbonation." Metals 11, no. 2 (2021): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11020177.

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In the frame of global demand for electrical storage based on lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), their recycling with a focus on the circular economy is a critical topic. In terms of political incentives, the European legislative is currently under revision. Most industrial recycling processes target valuable battery components, such as nickel and cobalt, but do not focus on lithium recovery. Especially in the context of reduced cobalt shares in the battery cathodes, it is important to investigate environmentally friendly and economic and robust recycling processes to ensure lithium mobilization. I

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7

PARK, H. "Manganese vanadium oxides as cathodes for lithium batteries." Solid State Ionics 176, no. 3-4 (2005): 307–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssi.2004.07.014.

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8

Chen, Song, Yumeng Shi, Ye Wang, Yang Shang, Wei Xia, and Hui Ying Yang. "An all manganese-based oxide nanocrystal cathode and anode for high performance lithium-ion full cells." Nanoscale Advances 1, no. 5 (2019): 1714–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9na00003h.

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9

Simonelli, Laura, Andrea Sorrentino, Carlo Marini, et al. "Role of Manganese in Lithium- and Manganese-Rich Layered Oxides Cathodes." Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters 10, no. 12 (2019): 3359–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b01174.

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10

Lam, Binh Thi Xuan, Phung My Loan Le, and Thoa Thi Phuong Nguyen. "STUDY ON LITHIUM MANGANESE OXIDE SPINEL SYSTEM AS CATHODE MATERIALS FOR LITHIUM ION BATTERY: SYNTHESIS, MORPHOLOGICAL AND ELECTROCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS." Science and Technology Development Journal 12, no. 10 (2009): 64–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v12i10.2301.

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Lithium manganese oxide (LiMn2O4) spinel compounds were synthesized by melting impregnation method using manganese dioxide (MnO2) and lithium nitrate (LiNO3). Four sources of MnO2 raw materials were used: a commercial electrochemical manganese dioxide (EMD) supplied by Pin Con O factory; EMD thermal pretreated (EMDt); and MnO2 synthesized chemically (CMD) by oxidation of MnSO4 solution with K2S2O, and EMD synthesized in our laboratory. The effect of the MnO2 materials on the microstructure and electrochemical properties of LiMn2O4 is investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microsc

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11

Gummow, Rosalind J., and Yinghe He. "Mesoporous manganese-deficient lithium manganese silicate cathodes for lithium-ion batteries." RSC Adv. 4, no. 23 (2014): 11580–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ra47730d.

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A manganese-deficient lithium manganese silicate cathode is synthesised by an emulsion synthesis route, using mesoporous silica as a template, to give a mesoporous product with excellent electrochemical reversibility in lithium cells.

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12

Johnson, Christopher S. "Development and utility of manganese oxides as cathodes in lithium batteries." Journal of Power Sources 165, no. 2 (2007): 559–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2006.10.040.

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13

Banov, B., J. Bourilkov, and M. Mladenov. "Cobalt stabilized layered lithium-nickel oxides, cathodes in lithium rechargeable cells." Journal of Power Sources 54, no. 2 (1995): 268–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-7753(94)02082-e.

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14

Huang, Haitao, and Peter G. Bruce. "A 4 V Lithium Manganese Oxide Cathode for Rocking‐Chair Lithium‐Ion Cells." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 141, no. 9 (1994): L106—L107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.2055168.

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15

HUANG, H., and P. G. BRUCE. "ChemInform Abstract: A 4 V Lithium Manganese Oxide Cathode for Rocking-Chair Lithium-Ion Cells." ChemInform 25, no. 51 (2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199451009.

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16

Whittingham, M. "Manganese dioxides as cathodes for lithium rechargeable cells: the stability challenge." Solid State Ionics 131, no. 1-2 (2000): 109–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-2738(00)00626-3.

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17

Yang, Jingsi, Terrill B. Atwater, and Jun John Xu. "Improved cycling performance of bismuth-modified amorphous manganese oxides as cathodes for rechargeable lithium batteries." Journal of Power Sources 139, no. 1-2 (2005): 274–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2004.06.053.

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18

Ajayi, Babajide Patrick, Arjun Kumar Thapa, Uroš Cvelbar, Jacek B. Jasinski, and Mahendra K. Sunkara. "Atmospheric plasma spray pyrolysis of lithiated nickel-manganese-cobalt oxides for cathodes in lithium ion batteries." Chemical Engineering Science 174 (December 2017): 302–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2017.09.022.

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19

Sandhya, C. P., Bibin John, and C. Gouri. "Synthesis, characterization and electrochemical evaluation of mixed oxides of nickel and cobalt from spent lithium-ion cells." RSC Advances 6, no. 115 (2016): 114192–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra22439c.

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A simple and easy strategy for the synthesis of mixed oxides of Ni and Co from spent Li-ion cell cathodes based on LiNi<sub>0.8</sub>Co<sub>0.15</sub>Al<sub>0.05</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (LNCAO) active material is presented here.

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20

Choi, Jaeho, Woo Jin Byun, DongHwan Kang, and Jung Kyoo Lee. "Porous Manganese Oxide Networks as High-Capacity and High-Rate Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries." Energies 14, no. 5 (2021): 1299. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14051299.

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A mesoporous MnOx network (MMN) structure and MMN/C composites were prepared and evaluated as anodes for high-energy and high-rate lithium-ion batteries (LIB) in comparison to typical manganese oxide nanoparticle (MnNP) and graphite anodes, not only in a half-cell but also in a full-cell configuration (assembled with an NCM523, LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2, cathode). With the mesoporous features of the MMN, the MMN/C exhibited a high capacity (approximately 720 mAh g−1 at 100 mA g−1) and an excellent cycling stability at low electrode resistance compared to the MnNP/C composite. The MMN/C composite als

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21

Sieber, Tim, Jana Ducke, Anja Rietig, Thomas Langner, and Jörg Acker. "Recovery of Li(Ni0.33Mn0.33Co0.33)O2 from Lithium-Ion Battery Cathodes: Aspects of Degradation." Nanomaterials 9, no. 2 (2019): 246. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9020246.

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Nickel–manganese–cobalt oxides, with LiNi0.33Mn0.33Co0.33O2 (NMC) as the most prominent compound, are state-of-the-art cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles. The growing market for electro mobility has led to a growing global demand for Li, Co, Ni, and Mn, making spent lithium-ion batteries a valuable secondary resource. Going forward, energy- and resource-inefficient pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical recycling strategies must be avoided. We presented an approach to recover NMC particles from spent lithium-ion battery cathodes while preserving their chemical a

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22

Kalapsazova, M., R. Stoyanova, E. Zhecheva, G. Tyuliev, and D. Nihtianova. "Sodium deficient nickel–manganese oxides as intercalation electrodes in lithium ion batteries." J. Mater. Chem. A 2, no. 45 (2014): 19383–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ta04094e.

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The capability of sodium deficient nickel manganese oxides to participate in reactions of Li<sup>+</sup>intercalation and Na<sup>+</sup>/Li<sup>+</sup>exchange allows their use as low-cost electrode materials in lithium cells.

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23

Shi, Jianjian, Xiaoxing Chen, Chunyu Wang, and Zhiguo Wang. "Defects in Li-rich manganese-based layered oxide: A first-principles study." Modern Physics Letters B 33, no. 08 (2019): 1950098. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021798491950098x.

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Lithium-rich manganese-based layered oxides are of great interest as cathode materials for lithium ion batteries due to their high energy density. The voltage decay and capacity fading during prolonged charge/discharge cycling are the key obstacles for their practical usage. In this work, using density functional theory, we investigated the origin of the Ni surface segregation by calculating the defect formation energies of antisite defects, including Ni cation substituting a Li cation [Formula: see text] and pairs of Ni cation swapping with Li cation ([Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text])

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24

LI, L., and G. PISTOIA. "Secondary Li cells. I. A comparison of the behaviour of cathodes based on pure and lithiated manganese oxides." Solid State Ionics 47, no. 3-4 (1991): 231–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-2738(91)90244-6.

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25

Uchiyama, M., S. Slane, E. Plichta, and M. Salomon. "Vanadium‐Molybdenum Oxides and Their P 2 O 5 Glasses as Intercalation Cathodes for Rechargeable Lithium Cells." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 136, no. 1 (1989): 36–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.2096610.

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26

Snyders, C. D., E. E. Ferg, and D. Billing. "An investigation into the temperature phase transitions of synthesized materials with Al- and Mg-doped lithium manganese oxide spinels by in situ powder X-ray diffraction." Powder Diffraction 32, no. 1 (2016): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s088571561600066x.

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Three spinel materials were prepared and characterized by in situ powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) techniques to track their phase changes that occurred in the typical batch synthesis process from a sol–gel mixture to the final crystalline spinel oxide. The materials were also characterized by thermal gravimetric analysis, whereby the materials decomposition mechanisms that were observed as the precursor, was gradually heated to the final oxide. The results showed that all the materials achieved their total weight loss at about 400 °C. The in situ PXRD analysis showed the progression of the pha

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27

Lavela, P., J. L. Tirado, and C. Vidal-Abarca. "Sol–gel preparation of cobalt manganese mixed oxides for their use as electrode materials in lithium cells." Electrochimica Acta 52, no. 28 (2007): 7986–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2007.06.066.

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28

Olszewska, Anna, та Konrad Świerczek. "ReBaCo2-xMnxO5+δ (Re: rare earth element) layered perovskites for application as cathodes in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells". E3S Web of Conferences 108 (2019): 01020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201910801020.

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Decrease of the operation temperature is considered as one of the most important targets in development of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC), as it leads to considerable extension of their long-term operation and makes construction and utilization of the SOFC generators cost-effective. Relatively high value of the activation energy of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) occurring at the cathode, and consequently, large cathodic polarization resistance at lower temperatures is a major obstacle hindering usage of SOFCs at decreased temperatures. In this work possibility of application of manganese-d

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29

Malovanyy, Sergiy. "CATHODE MATERIALS OF ROCK SALT DERIVATIVE STRUCTURES FOR SODIUM-ION SECONDARY POWER SOURCES." Ukrainian Chemistry Journal 85, no. 9 (2019): 44–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.33609/0041-6045.85.9.2019.44-57.

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The rechargeable lithium-ion batteries have been dominating the portable electronic market for the past two decades with high energy density and long cycle-life. However, applications of lithium-ion batteries in large-scale stationary energy storage are likely to be limited by the high cost and availability of lithium resources. The room temperature Na-ion secondary battery have received extensive investigations for large-scale energy storage systems (EESs) and smart grids lately due to similar chemistry of “rocking-chair” sodium storage mechanism, lower price and huge abundance. They are cons

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30

Dolphijn, Guillaume, Fernand Gauthy, Alexandru Vlad, and Jean-François Gohy. "High Power Cathodes from Poly(2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-1-Piperidinyloxy Methacrylate)/Li(NixMnyCoz)O2 Hybrid Composites." Polymers 13, no. 6 (2021): 986. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13060986.

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Lithium-ion batteries are today among the most efficient devices for electrochemical energy storage. However, an improvement of their performance is required to address the challenges of modern grid management, portable technology, and electric mobility. One of the most important limitations to solve is the slow kinetics of redox reactions associated to inorganic cathodic materials, directly impacting on the charging time and the power characteristics of the cells. In sharp contrast, redox polymers such as poly(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy methacrylate) (PTMA) exhibit fast redox reacti

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31

Zhang, Fan, Peter Zavalij, and M. Stanley Whittingham. "Synthesis and Characterization of Manganese Vanadium Oxides as Cathodes in Lithium Batteries." MRS Proceedings 581 (1999). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-581-497.

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ABSTRACTOur research on new cathode nano-materials for advanced lithium batteries has focused on the hydrothermal method for synthesis. We have synthesized two novel manganese vanadium oxides using the hydrothermal reactions of vanadium (V) pentoxide, [N(CH3)4]MnO4, and MnSO4 with an organic templating cation at 165°C. The 6-type [N(CH3)4]zMnyV2O5*nH2O has a monoclinic structure, a= 11.66(2)Å, b=3.610(9)Å, c= 13.91(4)Å, β= 108.8(2)°. It has a disordered V2O5 double layer and the Mn and N(CH3)4 ions reside between the layers. The γ-type MnV2O5 is orthorhombic, belongs to the space group Pnma, a

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32

"Amorphous or Nanocrystalline Manganese Oxides for Lithium Battery Cathodes." ECS Meeting Abstracts, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2006-02/4/182.

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33

Manthiram, A., J. Kim, and S. Choi. "Solution-Based Synthesis of Manganese Oxide Cathodes for Lithium Batteries." MRS Proceedings 575 (1999). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-575-9.

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ABSTRACTWith an objective to overcome the cyclability problems of manganese oxides, solution-based procedures are pursued to synthesize metastable manganese oxides. Reduction of permanganate with lithium iodide in an acetonitrile medium followed by heating at 250 °C in vacuum gives an amorphous lithium sodium manganese oxyiodide that is intimately mixed with crystalline NaIO3. On the other hand, oxidation of manganese acetate with lithium or hydrogen peroxide in presence of lithium hydroxide followed by firing at T < 500 °C gives the metastable spinel oxides, Li4Mn5O12 and Li2Mn4O9-δ. The a

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34

Zhuo, Haoxiang, Anbang Zhang, Xiaowei Huang, Jiantao Wang, and Weidong Zhuang. "Anionic redox behaviors in layered Li-rich oxide cathodes." Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1qi00896j.

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Lithium-rich and manganese-based oxides (LRMO) with anionic redox behavior are regarded as the cathode material for the next generation commercial lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) that are most likely to achieve the...

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35

Whittingham, M. Stanley, Peter Zavalij, Fan Zhang, Pramod Sharma, and Gregory Moore. "The stabilization of layered Manganese Oxides for use in Rechargeable Lithium Batteries." MRS Proceedings 575 (1999). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-575-77.

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ABSTRACTThe layered structure LixTiS2 and LixCoO2 are excellent reversible cathodes for lithium batteries. However, layered lithium manganese oxides are metastable relative to the spinel form on cycling in lithium batteries. They may be stabilized in the layer form by insertion of larger ions such as potassium in the interlayer region, which minimizes the diffusion of the manganese ions from the MnO2 blocks. Their low conductivity is an impediment to their use in high rate batteries. Cobalt can be doped into the layered alkali manganese dioxides, MxMn1-yCoyO2 for M = K or Na, during the hydrot

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36

Nieto-Ramos, S., M. S. Tomar, and R. S. Katiyar. "Growth and Studies of Li (Mn, Co) Oxides for Battery Electrodes." MRS Proceedings 606 (1999). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-606-223.

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AbstractThere is interest in lithium intercalation oxide materials for cathodes in rechargeable batteries. We have synthesized LiMOx, (where M = Mn, Co) by a less expensive solution route. Reagent grade acetates or hydroxides as precursors for lithium, manganese, and cobalt, respectively, with methoxy ethenol and acetic acid as solvents were used. Powders with different compositions were achieved at annealing temperature below 700 °C. Thin films were deposited by spin coating. X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and impedance spectroscopic results are presented. These studies indicate that

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37

Hua, Weibo, Suning Wang, Michael Knapp, et al. "Structural insights into the formation and voltage degradation of lithium- and manganese-rich layered oxides." Nature Communications 10, no. 1 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-13240-z.

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AbstractOne major challenge in the field of lithium-ion batteries is to understand the degradation mechanism of high-energy lithium- and manganese-rich layered cathode materials. Although they can deliver 30 % excess capacity compared with today’s commercially- used cathodes, the so-called voltage decay has been restricting their practical application. In order to unravel the nature of this phenomenon, we have investigated systematically the structural and compositional dependence of manganese-rich lithium insertion compounds on the lithium content provided during synthesis. Structural, electr

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38

"XAFS Studies of Short-Range-Order Iron and Manganese Oxides as Intercalation Cathodes for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries." ECS Meeting Abstracts, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2007-01/3/99.

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39

Ammundsen, B., J. Desilvestro, T. Groutso, et al. "Solid State Synthesis and Properties of Doped LiMnO2 Cathode Materials." MRS Proceedings 575 (1999). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-575-49.

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ABSTRACTThe crystal structures, microstructures and electrochemical properties of Al-doped lithium manganese oxide materials LiAlxMn1−xO2 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1) prepared by solid state reactions have been investigated. A1 doping results in increased cation disorder in the orthorhombic polymorph of LiMnO2, and produces layered monoclinic LiMnO2 with an α-NaFeO2 type crystal structure. The formation of monoclinic LiAlxMn1-xO2 confirms earlier observations by Chiang et al. [1,2]. A mechanism is proposed for the orthorhombic-monoclinic transformation, based on Li-Mn inversion in the orthorhombic structure.

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40

Zhang, Fan, Peter Zavalij, and M. Stanley Whittingham. "Synthesis and Characterization of Nickel and Manganese Vanadium Oxides." MRS Proceedings 548 (1998). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-548-107.

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ABSTRACTWe have synthesized novel nickel and manganese vanadium oxides using the hydrothermal reactions of vanadium(V) pentoxide, Ni(CH3COO)2, and MnSO4 with an organic templating cation at 165°C. The [NH2(CH2)2NH2]2NiV6O14 has a monoclinic structure. It has some disordered V and 0 atoms in the V6014 layer, which appear to be very close to each other with occupation factor around 0.5. The disordered model was decomposed for two ordered configurations, which differ in the stacking of the layers. The (Mn+2)6(Mn+3)l−2/3z(OH)3(1−Z)(VO4)3[(VO4)l−2z(v207)z] (Z≈0. 1) phase has a hexagonal pipe morpho

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41

UCHIYAMA, M., S. SLANE, E. PLICHTA, and M. SALOMON. "ChemInform Abstract: Vanadium-Molybdenum Oxides and Their P2O5 Glasses as Intercalation Cathodes for Rechargeable Lithium Cells." ChemInform 20, no. 18 (1989). http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.198918022.

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42

Manthiram, A., J. Kim, and C. Tsang. "Amorphous and Nanocrystalline Oxide Electrodes for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries." MRS Proceedings 496 (1997). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-496-421.

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ABSTRACTOxo ions (MO4)n- (M = V, Cr, Mn and Mo) have been reduced in aqueous solutions with potassium borohydride to obtain the binary oxides MO2+δ. While the vanadium and manganese oxides are nanocrystalline, the chromium and molybdenum oxides are amorphous. The nanocrystalline VO2 having a metastable structure and the amorphous CrO2 and MoO2.3 transform to the thermodynamically more stable phases upon heating above 300–400 °C. These metastable oxides after heating in vacuum at 200–300 °C to remove water show good electrode performance in lithium cells. VO2, CrO2 and MoO2.3 show a reversible

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43

Tan, Xinghua, Jiaqi Zhao, Mingyan Jiang, et al. "Different roles of oxygen deficiency in performance of spinel lithium manganese oxides as the cathodes for aqueous and non-aqueous systems." Ionics, July 29, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11581-021-04194-8.

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44

Julien, C., A. Gorenstein, A. Khelfa, J. P. Guesdon, and I. Ivanov. "Fabrication of V2O5 Thin Films and their Electrochemical Properties in Lithium Microbatteries." MRS Proceedings 369 (1994). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-369-639.

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AbstractThin films of V2O5 were prepared using the flash-evaporation technique. Amorphous and polycrystalline samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and XPS analysis. The electrical properties of the samples were determined. The effect of either deposition parameters or post-deposition treatments, i.e., annealing in various atmospheres and at different temperatures, on transport properties are presented.Electrochemical characteristics are evaluated in V2O5/LiCIO4-PC/Li microbatteries. The discharge curves present several voltage plateaus, similar to those already o

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45

Lira-Cantu, M., G. Torres-Gomez, and P. Gomez-Romero. "Hybrid Materials Based on Conducting Organic Polymers and Electroactive Inorganic Molecules and Oxides. Application as Lithium-Insertion Electrodes." MRS Proceedings 548 (1998). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-548-367.

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ABSTRACTThe synthesis, spectroscopic and electrochemical characterization of a series of hybrid organic-inorganic materials are reported. The hybrids are formed by conducting organic polymers (polyaniline, polypyrrole) and electroactive inorganic species. The latter can be either molecular anions (polyoxometalates, hexacyanoferrates) or extended oxide (V205), leading to different host-guest combinations. We have carried out a systematic study of the synthesis of the hybrids and determined key parameters for the reproducibility of the materials obtained. We have determined under what conditions

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Din, Mir Mehraj Ud, and Ramaswamy Murugan. "Metal Coated Polypropylene Separator with Enhanced Surface Wettability for High Capacity Lithium Metal Batteries." Scientific Reports 9, no. 1 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-53257-4.

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AbstractLithium metal batteries are among the strong contenders to meet the increasing energy demands of the modern world. Metallic lithium (Li) is light in weight, possesses very low standard negative electrochemical potential and offers an enhanced theoretical capacity (3860 mA h g−1). As a negative electrode Li paves way to explore variety of elements including oxygen, sulfur and various other complex oxides as potential positive electrodes with a promise of much higher energy densities than that of conventional positive electrodes. However, there are technical challenges in utilizing metal

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