Log in

Relevant bibliographies by topics / Chinese Higher Education / Journal articles

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Chinese Higher Education.

Journal articles on the topic 'Chinese Higher Education'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 26 July 2025

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Chinese Higher Education.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

1

Lai, Qing. "Chinese Adulthood Higher Education." Chinese Sociological Review 46, no. 3 (2014): 55–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2753/csa2162-0555460303.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Zhao, Fang. "Restructuring Chinese Higher Education." education policy analysis archives 6 (February 5, 1998): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.14507/epaa.v6n5.1998.

Full text

Abstract:

In this article, the current remarkable trend of institutional amalgamation and the establishment of cross-institutional consortiums in China are examined. The principal purpose of this study is to explore policy options on issues connected with the trend and the significant implications of the trend for the future development of higher education in China. I discuss the outstanding issues raised in the restructuring, the main factors behind them and proposes policy options to redress the adversities of the trend at the end. The article draws on national data as well as a case study. The resear

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Jin, Xiao, Michael Agelasto, Richard T. Heckman, John A. Hogan, and Russell Leigh Moses. "Letters: Chinese Higher Education." Academe 90, no. 3 (2004): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40252624.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Postiglione, Gerard A. "Chinese Higher Education: Future Challenges." International Higher Education, no. 80 (March 15, 2015): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.6017/ihe.2015.80.6143.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Jacob, W. James, and Wanhua Ma. "Trends in Chinese Higher Education." Frontiers of Education in China 8, no. 2 (2013): 169–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03396969.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

LU, Jie. "Ideological and Political Education in China’s Higher Education." East Asian Policy 09, no. 02 (2017): 78–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793930517000186.

Full text

Abstract:

After decades of continuous investment and efforts, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) has established a multi-tiered system, including co-option, surveillance and monitoring, and ideological and political education, to ensure its domination of Chinese college students, For the foreseeable future, Chinese college students, as a group, are unlikely to actively mount significant challenges (like those of the 1989 incident) against the CCP that could undermine its political survival.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Li, Yuan. "Quality Assurance in Chinese Higher Education." Research in Comparative and International Education 5, no. 1 (2010): 58–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2304/rcie.2010.5.1.58.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Zhu, Chang, and Aysun Caliskan. "Educational Leadership in Chinese Higher Education." Chinese Education & Society 54, no. 5-6 (2021): 161–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10611932.2021.1990616.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Li, Xiaobin. "ICTs in Chinese Distance Higher Education." International Journal of Information Communication Technologies and Human Development 2, no. 4 (2010): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jicthd.2010100101.

Full text

Abstract:

The Chinese higher education system is the largest in the world, but distance education, using information communication technologies (ICTs), started later than in developed countries. In this paper, the author examines the benefits of education to human development and provides an overview of the recent development of distance higher education in China. The potential for further developing distance higher education with ICTs is considered. In addition, challenges are discussed and recommendations are made to improve Chinese distance higher education.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

OGAWA, Yoshikazu. "Chinese Higher Education Policies for Minorities." Comparative Education 1994, no. 20 (1994): 93–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.5998/jces.1994.93.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

HIGURASHI, Tomoko. "Service Learning in Chinese Higher Education." Comparative Education 2019, no. 59 (2019): 160–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5998/jces.2019.59_160.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Yao, Xiuqing. "Foreign languages in Chinese higher education." Language Learning Journal 7, no. 1 (1993): 74–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09571739385200211.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Monk, Des. "Investing in Higher Education Abroad." Industry and Higher Education 26, no. 2 (2012): 115–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/ihe.2012.0089.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper presents the results of an examination of the value of business postgraduate courses undertaken by Chinese students at UK universities: such courses cost many thousands of pounds in tuition fees alone. It seemed worthwhile to attempt to assess the benefits that might accrue to such students, especially in terms of their subsequent experience in the labour market. The results suggest that it is the non-financial rather than the financial rewards of postgraduate study that are considered important by Chinese students. Moreover, there is a mismatch between the expectations of these stu

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Liu, Xiaoxu. "University Educators’ Perceptions on Minority Education - Examples from Chinese Higher Education." American Journal of Educational Research 10, no. 7 (2022): 459–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.12691/education-10-7-5.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Cen, Yuhao, and Heidi Ross. "Chinese Higher Education and Evaluation in Context." Chinese Education & Society 42, no. 1 (2009): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2753/ced1061-1932420100.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Yu, Kai. "The Consolidation of Chinese Private Higher Education." International Higher Education, no. 95 (September 11, 2018): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.6017/ihe.2018.95.10690.

Full text

Abstract:

China is the world’s largest higher education market, and higher education has become a key area for investment in China. The private higher education industry in the country, which is highly fragmented at the moment, is expected to undergo a wave of consolidation over the next decade, with the objectives of ensuring continued growth and impact, greater efficiency, greater economies of scale, and improved quality, reputation, and competitiveness.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Yu, Kai. "The Consolidation of Chinese Private Higher Education." International Higher Education, no. 95 (September 11, 2018): 21–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.6017/ihe.2018.95.10726.

Full text

Abstract:

China is the world’s largest higher education market, and higher education has become a key area for investment in China. The private higher education industry in the country, which is highly fragmented at the moment, is expected to undergo a wave of consolidation over the next decade, with the objectives of ensuring continued growth and impact, greater efficiency, greater economies of scale, and improved quality, reputation, and competitiveness.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Zuo, Xin. "Reform of Chinese Higher Education in 1992." International Journal of Educational Reform 2, no. 4 (1993): 370–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/105678799300200404.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

CHANG, JUNYUE. "Globalization and English in Chinese higher education." World Englishes 25, no. 3-4 (2006): 513–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-971x.2006.00484.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Wang, Qi, and Nian Cai Liu. "Higher education research institutes in Chinese universities." Studies in Higher Education 39, no. 8 (2014): 1488–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2014.949544.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Chen, David Y. "The Amalgamation of Chinese Higher Education Institutions." education policy analysis archives 10 (April 14, 2002): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.14507/epaa.v10n20.2002.

Full text

Abstract:

The 1990s witnessed revolutionary change in China's higher education system, particularly through radical mergers. The reform process and its background are detailed here, with a case study focusing on Zhejiang University. After nearly 15 years of painstaking effort, the reform goals for the higher education system have been met, and a decentralized, two-tiered administrative system has been installed. However, the most hotly debated reform has been the amalgamation of universities. The need to optimize China's system of higher education has a background dating back about 50 years, when the fi

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Wang, Chengzhi. "Governance and Financing of Chinese Higher Education." education policy analysis archives 8 (June 5, 2000): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.14507/epaa.v8n26.2000.

Full text

Abstract:

With an introduction to the overall underdevelopment of higher education in China compared with the American counterpart, this article briefly examines the main trends of over two decades of development of the governance and financing systems of China's higher education sector. This article analyzes the resource allocation from governments and revenue generation in institutions under the reform policies of administrative decentralization and financing diversification. The new "Great Leap Forward" in higher education in 1999 and beyond, i.e., the radical and, to a certain extent, desperate mass

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Duan, Xin-Ran. "Chinese Higher Education Enters a New Era." Academe 89, no. 6 (2003): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40252555.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Lo, Kevin. "Campus sustainability in Chinese higher education institutions." International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education 16, no. 1 (2015): 34–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijshe-04-2013-0032.

Full text

Abstract:

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the focuses, motivations and challenges of achieving campus sustainability in Chinese higher education institutions (HEIs). Design/methodology/approach – A multisite case study was conducted in Changchun City, Jilin, where eight HEIs of various types were examined. Structured interviews with school managers, students and government officials were accompanied with analysis of relevant documents. Findings – The focuses of sustainability among the studied HEIs were on water and energy conservation and on non-technical initiatives. The focuses can

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Yue, Changjun. "Expansion and equality in Chinese higher education." International Journal of Educational Development 40 (January 2015): 50–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedudev.2014.11.017.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Jiang, Xiaoli, Xiaoping Ma, and Yumei Wu. "Student Management in Chinese Higher Education Institutions." International Journal of Knowledge, Culture, and Change Management: Annual Review 9, no. 11 (2009): 45–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/1447-9524/cgp/v09i11/49837.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Wu, Jinting. "Chinese Higher Education Reform and Social Justice." Frontiers of Education in China 11, no. 2 (2016): 256–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03397118.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Sung, Chiu-I. "Investigating Philanthropy Initiatives in Chinese Higher Education." VOLUNTAS: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations 27, no. 5 (2014): 2514–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11266-014-9509-3.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Fang, Wenhong, and Shen Wang. "Chinese Students’ Choice of Transnational Higher Education in a Globalized Higher Education Market." Journal of Studies in International Education 18, no. 5 (2014): 475–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1028315314523989.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Yu, Jinshen, Songyu Jiang, Jian Han, Lin Li, and Xiaojun Ke. "Promoting digital employment intention among students of Chinese higher education institutions." Problems and Perspectives in Management 21, no. 3 (2023): 22–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.21(3).2023.03.

Full text

Abstract:

Digital employment is one of the critical concepts of the digital economy for sustainable development. Promoting digital employment intention of potential employees is indispensable for developing the digital economy. The study aims to explore how digital employment policies predict digital employment intentions and to construct a structural equation model. Based on an online survey of 470 students with digital work experience from Chinese higher education institutions, the data were processed using SPSS 26.0 and Amos 26.0. The results uncover that digital employment policies have a positive i

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Diao, Rui. "Factors for Chinese Students Choosing Poland Higher Education." Studia Edukacyjne, no. 56 (March 15, 2020): 421–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/se.2020.56.23.

Full text

Abstract:

Diao Rui, Factors for Chinese Students Choosing Poland Higher Education [Czynniki skłaniające chińskich studentów do wyboru polskiego szkolnictwa wyższego]. Studia Edukacyjne nr 56, 2020, Poznań 2020, pp. 421-434. Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 1233-6688. DOI: 10.14746/se.2020.56.23As the world’s second largest economy, China has attracted extensive attention from the rest of the world in various aspects. Education, as a way to export talent, has always been valued by the world. Although China’s education industry is growing, many Chinese students still choose to study abroad. China is

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Coates, Hamish, Lu Liu, and Jinghuan Shi. "Evaluating Complex Higher Education Systems." International Journal of Chinese Education 8, no. 1 (2019): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22125868-12340101.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract In this article we introduce the five papers published in this issue of the International Journal of Chinese Education (IJCE). We begin by discussing complexities shaping the analysis of education, then turn to each paper’s nature and contributions. The article concludes by introducing revised IJCE editorial arrangements.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Zhuang, Tengteng, and Xiaoshu Xu. "‘New Engineering Education’ in Chinese Higher Education: Prospects and challenges." Tuning Journal for Higher Education 6, no. 1 (2018): 69–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.18543/tjhe-6(1)-2018pp69-109.

Full text

Abstract:

Since becoming a formal signatory of the Washington Accord in 2016, China has outlined an initiative ‘New Engineering Education’ (NEE) to reform its engineering education at university level. This paper elaborates upon the NEE initiative by presenting analysis of its domestic and international context, the goals of the initiative, how the initiative draws upon international standards, major actions under the initiative, and the challenges remaining for NEE to achieve its goals. The paper argues that China views international practices and standards of engineering education in developed nations

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Yuan, Mei, Sude, Tian Wang, et al. "CHINESE MINZU EDUCATION IN HIGHER EDUCATION: AN INSPIRATION FOR ‘WESTERN’ DIVERSITY EDUCATION?" British Journal of Educational Studies 68, no. 4 (2020): 461–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00071005.2020.1712323.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Cui, Ziwen. "Research on the Evolution of Socialist Higher Education System with Chinese Characteristics." Kazakhstan-Spectrum 106, no. 2 (2023): 78–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.52536/2415-8216.2023-2.06.

Full text

Abstract:

Different structural elements of higher education are covered by the higher education system. China's higher education has progressed and developed over the course of social and historical change, creating a higher education system with distinctively Chinese characteristics.The new era requires higher education with Chinese features and in line with socialism's needs in light of the current circumstances. In this paper, the development of the socialist higher education system with Chinese characteristics is sorted out in detail from the standpoint of historical changes, and the socialist highe

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Donetskaya, S. S., and Yan Zhan. "Internationalization of Higher Education in China: Modern Trends." Vysshee Obrazovanie v Rossii = Higher Education in Russia 28, no. 6 (2019): 63–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.31992/0869-3617-2019-28-6-63-74.

Full text

Abstract:

The article analyzes the processes of internationalization of higher education in China at the beginning of the 21st century. Based on data from the Ministry of Education of China, legislation and publications that are publicly available on the Chinese Internet, it is shown how the number of students visiting China, their preferences in choosing universities and educational programs changed from 2000 to 2016. Information on government activities to support international students is provided.The internationalization of higher education plays an important role in the foreign-policy activities of

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Liu, Dongfang, Linda R. Vogel, and Jason MacLeod. "Mitigating Transitional Challenges of Chinese Students in U.S. Higher Education." Higher Education Studies 6, no. 3 (2016): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/hes.v6n3p100.

Full text

Abstract:

<p>The number of Chinese international students enrolled in U.S. higher education has significantly grown over the past two decades. In 2015, Chinese international students accounted for the largest group of international students from any one single country. Previous research acknowledges Chinese students encountering significant difficulties in U.S. education institutions. However, research specifically targeting the Chinese demographic within U.S. higher education institutions has not been extensively explored toward mitigation. This study tracks Chinese international students’ transi

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Li, Jian, and Yunshu He. "Unpacking the Idea of Modernization of Chinese-Style Higher Education: A Policy Narrative Analysis." Beijing International Review of Education 5, no. 1-2 (2023): 169–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/25902539-05010004.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Higher education in China is the high-end and leading part of the whole education system. The development height of higher education to some extent represents and determines the height of national development. China’s higher education plays an irreplaceable and decisive strategic role in the realization of Chinese-style modernization. This study explores the idea of modernization of Chinese-style higher education from the perspective of a policy narrative analysis. The background of the modernization of Chinese higher education, the core idea of modernization of Chinese higher educati

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Zhang, Zhiqi. "The Characteristics and Strategies of TCM Discourse Model in Higher Education in Hong Kong." International Journal of Languages, Literature and Linguistics 9, no. 4 (2023): 281–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijlll.2023.9.4.419.

Full text

Abstract:

Traditional Chinese medicine culture is an important part of Chinese culture. Studying the discourse mode of traditional Chinese medicine is an important way to promote Chinese culture to go global and enhance the influence of Chinese culture. The profile of colleges and universities is the official statement of the organizational identity of colleges and universities. It is an important medium for colleges and universities to convey and promote their positive image, spread discipline culture and affect the public, especially specific stakeholders. Using the Discourse-historical Approach metho

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Chai, Ling, Jianwen Wei, Yang Han, Jie Zhang, and Dwight Hennessy. "Political Elite Selection in Contemporary Chinese Higher Education." China: An International Journal 18, no. 2 (2020): 143–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/chn.2020.0020.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Lo, William Yat Wai. "The Emerging Chinese Institutional Architecture in Higher Education." Chinese Education & Society 47, no. 1 (2014): 83–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.2753/ced1061-1932470105.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Wilson, Jeffery. "Chinese Higher Education and the Quest for Autonomy." Journal of Comparative & International Higher Education 13, no. 2 (2021): 145–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.32674/jcihe.v13i2.2049.

Full text

Abstract:

China’s quest for autonomy took a step backward as leaders of the Communist Party amended the bylaws at several postsecondary institutions. China’s restrictions on freedom do not stop at its border and scholars within and visiting the country encounter increased surveillance and scrutiny. This paper explores China's continued interference in postsecondary autonomy.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Krasnoschekov, V. V. "QUALITY ASSURANCE OF RUSSIAN-CHINESE HIGHER EDUCATION PROGRAMS." Современные проблемы науки и образования (Modern Problems of Science and Education), no. 3 2019 (2019): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.17513/spno.28853.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Du, Xiaoxin. "Critical Thinking and Ideology in Chinese Higher Education." International Higher Education, no. 97 (March 13, 2019): 15–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.6017/ihe.2019.97.10943.

Full text

Abstract:

This article takes Fudan University in Shanghai, China, as an example to show the complex interaction among players in the process of socialization through political education and academic affairs. The roles of teachers have been split between enforcing political socialization and pursuing academic freedom—alternating between obediently observing political bottom lines and attempting to expand the scope of their academic autonomy.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Lo, Leslie Nai-Kwai. "State Patronage of Intellectuals in Chinese Higher Education." Comparative Education Review 35, no. 4 (1991): 690–720. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/447070.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Huang, Fangfeifei. "Countermeasures for Integrating MOOCs into Chinese Higher Education." Transactions on Social Science, Education and Humanities Research 13 (September 26, 2024): 90–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.62051/zzsmg083.

Full text

Abstract:

The integration of MOOCs into Chinese higher education has led to significant impacts on traditional educational models. However, theoretical research on MOOCs in China remains extremely deficient, as most studies are introductory and descriptive texts and reports. Students born after 1995, who form the majority of university populations, have independent thought processes, which makes it difficult to continue using the traditional higher education model to meet their learning needs, thus increasing their interest in MOOCs. MOOCs enable prestigious universities and colleges to compete globally

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Li, Xiaobin, Tony Dipetta, and Peter DeVires. "Canadian Higher Education Internationalization: Experiences of Chinese Students." Journal of Educational Thought / Revue de la Pensée Educative 49, no. 3 (2018): 265–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.55016/ojs/jet.v49i3.44327.

Full text

Abstract:

The purpose of this study was to understandthe experiences of international students in a master’sprogram. We collected data from students through aquestionnaire, which asked the following and otherquestions: Why did they leave their own country? Werethey interested in becoming permanent residents of Canadaupon graduation? The questionnaire also asked students toindicate whether they agreed with 26 positive statementsabout the program. In addition, students were invited tomake comments about the program’s strengths andweaknesses. Most students believed that they had apositive experience of und

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Zhang, Jiangshi, Jing Fu, Hongyu Hao, Na Chen, Wenyue Zhang, and Young-Chan Kim. "Development of safety science in Chinese higher education." Safety Science 106 (July 2018): 92–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2018.02.034.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Kirby, William C. "The Chinese Century? The Challenges of Higher Education." Daedalus 143, no. 2 (2014): 145–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/daed_a_00279.

Full text

Abstract:

One can find in any airport kiosk books that proclaim ours to be “the Chinese century.” We have titles such as “The Dragon Awakes,” “China's Rise,” “The Rise of China,” and “China's Ascent,” to name but a few. But to rise is not necessarily to lead. What constitutes leadership? In higher education, China is building the fastest growing system–in quality as well as in quantity–in the world. The foremost global powers of the past four centuries all offered models in the realms of culture, ideas, and education. This may be said of seventeenth-century France under Louis XIV; of the Qing during the

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Qian, Xiaohong, and Jef C. Verhoeven. "From centralization to decentralization in Chinese higher education." education policy analysis archives 12 (December 7, 2004): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.14507/epaa.v12n67.2004.

Full text

Abstract:

Since the late 1970’s, the Chinese government has been gradually changing its traditional policy for providing higher education and has begun to emphasize the comprehensiveness of the universities. Interdisciplinary cooperation and the synergization of resources are being promoted, and institutional autonomy is gradually increasing. Schools and faculties have been restored in universities, and new research institutions, research schools, research centers and the like have been established. From a unitary three-level model— university/department/ teaching and research group—before the reform, t

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!