Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Collision radiative'
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Heninger, Michel. "Étude par spectrométrie de résonance cylclotronique ionique de réactions et relaxations d'ions à énergie de collision thermique." Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA112402.
Full textA new type of Ion Cyclotron Resonance spectrometer (tricyclotron) constructed to study reactions and relaxations of ions at thermal energies is presented. In this multistage ICR spectrometer, the production of the ions, their relaxation and their reactions and detection are time and space separated. In this work, we have in a first step perfected the apparatus and in a second one developed experimental procedures for two kinds of studies:Energy dependence of ion reactivity: The following systems, NH₃⁺ (X. V) + CH₃ OH, O⁺ + H₂O and N₂ ⁺(X. V) + N₂O, have been studied either as a function of internal energy or kinetic energy. Radiative relaxation of vibrationally excited positive ions in their electronic ground state: Using the chemical ion monitor technique to probe the ion internal energy, we developed an experimental method intended to measure the radiative lifetimes of positive ions. The first results obtained to diatomic ions are presented and discussed: NO⁺ (95 ms for v=1, 45 ms for v= 2), HCl⁺ (3 ms for v= 1) and DCl⁺ + (11 ms for v=1). The astrophysically important HCO⁺ triatomic ion has been investigated, and lifetimes of 35 ms, 12 ms and 4 ms have been measured for the three first vibrational leveIs of the C-O stretching mode. It is aIso shown that the bending mode has a very long lifetime (π ≃500 ms for v=1). Our results show also that if there is no collision, there is no coupling between the different vibrational modes of HCO ⁺ for internal energies up to 0. 7 eV. The present work has for the first time permitted the comparison of ab initio calculation results with experimental data for positive ions
Galtier, Mathieu. "Approche statistique du rayonnement dans les milieux gazeux hétérogènes : de l’échantillonnage des transitions moléculaires au calcul de grandeurs radiatives." Thesis, Ecole nationale des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EMAC0017/document.
Full textTwo major challenges are encountered when studying radiative transfer in gases (e.g. combustion chambers or planetary atmospheres): heterogeneity and spectral dependence of radiative properties. The work introduced in this manuscript, addresses this problem through a statistical approach of radiation that requires no model or numerical approximation. This approach leads to the development of Monte-Carlo methods, currently considered as reference solutions in the community of radiative transfer. The difficulty related to heterogeneity is handled by a technique borrowed from other fields of transport physics: null-collision algorithms. Their application to radiation consists in adding to the events of absorption and scattering a third arbitrary type of collision that has no effect on the photon transport. Thus, the extinction coefficient resulting from these three types of collisions can be assumed to be homogeneous. Then, it is shown how this very same technique opens the door to rethinking statistically the concept of absorption coefficient. This leads to Monte-Carlo algorithms that directly estimate radiative observables from transition parameters indexed in molecular spectroscopic databases, without the need of rigorously precomputing absorption coefficients
Bouhafs, Nezha. "Excitation des hydrures d’azote par l’hydrogène atomique et moléculaire." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMLH15/document.
Full textObservation and study of interstellar molecular clouds require the knowledge of molecular data to derive the physical conditions (temperature, gas density, molecular abundance) of these media. Nitrogen hydrides are highly abundant species in the interstellar medium and they are found to be important reaction intermediates in the nitrogen chemistry. The interpretation of nitrogen hydrides observations from the HERSCHEL spatial observatory and the ALMA interferometer, requires accurate collisional rate coefficients of these molecules. The present thesis focuses on the determination of new rate coefficients for NH, NH2 and NH3 molecules in collision with Ne, H2 et H, respectively. Inelastic cross sections for the rotational excitation of all the studied systems have been computed with a close coupling method using the molecular dynamic codes MOLSCAT and HIBRIDON. The cross sections are then used to calculate the collisional rate coefficients for temperatures ranging from 5 to 200 K. The new rate coefficients were included in radiative transfer calculations in order to model the observed transitions of NH2 towards high-mass star-forming region W31C. We show that using the previously published rate coefficients instead of these new ones have a significant impact on the modeling, leading to important differences on the density, abundance and on the OPR of NH2. The new data will allow to put interesting constraints on the physical condition of the molecular cloud
Silva, Wânius José Garcia da. "Estudo de taxas de perdas em sistemas heteronucleares." Universidade de São Paulo, 2001. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/76/76131/tde-24062008-133522/.
Full textIn this work, we had investigated the heteronuclear trap loss rate in a two-species Rb-Cs magneto-optical trap. The experimental results suggest that radiative escape is the main collisional process responsible for heteronuclear losses. An addapted Gallagher - Pritchard model is compared with the data. The model is very sensitive to the trap depth, which depends on the trap parameters (intensity, detuning, magnetic - field gradient, etc.) This observation is also supported by experimental results from a Pisa\' group. We have compared experimental of heteronuclear rates as a function of the masses ratio of the atomic pair with the model, and a reasonable agreement is observed. These studies are relevant for high resolution atomic / molecular spectroscopy, and for the production of mixed - species Bose-Einstein condensates.
Spielfiedel, Annie. "Analyse spectroscopique d'un complexe collisionnel et redistribution du rayonnement." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37618683p.
Full textHorton, Timothy Scott. "COLLISIONAL AND RADIATIVE RELAXATION IN SODIUM DIMER AND ARGON ATOM COLLISIONS." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1480693544113525.
Full textSzebesta, Daryl. "Collisional and radiative effects in atomic spectra." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.484204.
Full textMcHugh, D. R. "Collisional and radiative studies in atomic spectra." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376224.
Full textShannon, I. "Collisional and radiative effects in atomic spectra." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.371770.
Full textHedley, John. "Collisional and radiative processes in atomic spectra." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.295500.
Full textLemal, Adrien. "Prediction of air nonequilibrium radiation with a collisional-radiative model : Application to shock-tube conditions relevant to Earth reentry." Thesis, Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ECAP0044/document.
Full textUnder nonequilibrium, the populations of the electronic states that strongly radiate in the VUV and IR are no longer governed by a Boltzmann distribution but rather by collisional and radiative processes. A new collisional-radiative (CR) model was developed including the key processes chief among them electron-impact excitation and ionization, heavy-particle impact excitation and bound-bound transitions. A comprehensive review of the available experimental and theoretical reaction rates governing these processes was undertaken to produce a reliable set of rates. The bound-bound radiative mechanisms were treated using the escape factor concept, set to zero for VUV lines and set to one for infrared lines, in accordance with literature results. The CR model was interfaced with the a flowfield solver and with a radiation code to predict the nonequilibrium VUV and IR radiation spectra very recently measured in the EAST facility at NASA Ames Research Center. Two shock-tube conditions representative of a Lunar return reentry trajectory were selected: V∞=10.6 and 11.12 km/s, both at p∞=13.3 Pa. The electron number density profiles inferred from experiments were compared with the prediction of the flowfield model, showing excellent agreement in trend and absolute magnitude for both freestream conditions, and thus validating the ionization model and providing a way to accurately locate the shock front in the CCD images. Then, the experimental intensity profiles were compared with the prediction of the CR model. Excellent agreement between predicted and measured intensity profiles was obtained for both freestream conditions, when adjusting the heavy-particle impact excitation rate constants of Park (1985), suggesting that the nonequilibrium peak intensities observed in the VUV and IR spectral ranges are controled by heavy-particle impact processes
Burrage, Anna Lucy. "A study of radiative charged current interactions in ep collisions." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.343862.
Full textBelkhiri, Madeny. "Plasma out of thermodynamical equilibrium : influence of the plasma environment on atomic structure and collisional cross sections." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112268/document.
Full textIn hot dense plasmas, the free-electron and ion spatial distribution may strongly affect the atomic structure. To account for such effects we have implemented a potential correction based on the uniform electron gas model and on a Thomas-Fermi Approach in the Flexible Atomic Code (FAC). This code has been applied to obtain energies, wave-functions and radiative rates modified by the plasma environment. In hydrogen-like ions, these numerical results have been successfully compared to an analytical calculation based on first-order perturbation theory. In the case of multi-electron ions, we observe level crossings in agreement with another recent model calculation. Various methods for the collision cross-section calculations are reviewed. The influence of plasma environment on these cross-sections is analyzed in detail. Some analytical expressions are proposed for hydrogen-like ions in the limit where Born or Lotz approximations apply and are compared to the numerical results from the FAC code. Finally, from this work, we study the influence of the plasma environment on our collisional-radiative model so-called -Foch-. Because of this environment, the mean charge state of the ions increases. The line shift is observed on the bound-bound emission spectra. A good agreement is found between our work and experimental data on a Titanium plasma
Wood, Mark. "Combined radiative and collisional effects in the spectrum of ytterbium." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.295510.
Full textOng, Saro. "Divers aspects des collisions photon-photon : corrections radiatives, et corrélations azimutales." Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066450.
Full textLabrecque, Rémi. "Relativistic hydrodynamics and electromagnetic radiation in relativistic nuclear collisions." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=40818.
Full textLe model d'évolution hydrodynamique relativiste a décrit avec succès les propriétésd'ensemble des données sur les hadron "soft" produit au RHIC, incluant le flot elliptique. Dans ce travail, nous avons appliqué l'hydrodynamique relativiste aux phasesde plasma de quark et de gluons (PQG) et hadronique créées dans les collisions àhautes énergies aux Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider et Super Proton Synchrotron.Nous étudions le spectre et le flot elliptique des dileptons produits dans ces collisionsd'ions lourds.
Young, Stephen Michael Radley. "The effect of intense laser radiation on atomic collisions." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.302895.
Full textGuy, Aurélien. "Collisional-radiative and macroscopic models for the thermochemical relaxation of non-equilibrium hypersonic flows." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale Paris, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00978518.
Full textOng, Saro. "Divers aspects des collisions photon-photon corrections radiatives et corrélations azimutales /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37617034k.
Full textMoss, Graham James. "A time-dependent collisional-radiative model of low pressure gas discharges." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269399.
Full textKapper, Michael Gino. "A High-Order Transport Scheme for Collisional-Radiative and Nonequilibrium Plasma." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1245427632.
Full textHobbs, J. E. "The use of radiation-enhanced diffusion to study collision cascades in solids." Thesis, University of Salford, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.356167.
Full textWalters, William Jonathan. "Development of the Adaptive Collision Source Method for Discrete Ordinates Radiation Transport." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/52242.
Full textPh. D.
Johnston, Christopher Owen. "Nonequilibrium Shock-Layer Radiative Heating for Earth and Titan Entry." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29769.
Full textPh. D.
Johanson, Jan. "Two-pion production in proton-proton collisions near threshold." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Nuclear and Particle Physics, 2000. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-507.
Full textTwo-pion production reactions in proton-proton collisions have been studied using the PROMICE/WASA detector and an internal cluster gas-jet target at the CELSIUS storage ring in Uppsala. Three out of the four isospin-independent reaction channels have been measured at several energies in the intermediate and near threshold energy region. Important parts of the analysis include the identification of neutral pions from the invariant mass of the decay gammas, the identification of positive pions with the delayed pulse technique and the use of Monte Carlo simulations to understand the detector response. The total cross sections for the pp®ppπ+π-, the pp®ppπ0π0 and the pp®pnπ+π0 reactions are presented at beam energies ranging from 650 to 775 MeV.
The production mechanism for two-pion production near threshold seems to be dominated by resonance production. The contribution from the non-resonant terms alone can not reproduce the total cross sections. In most models, two-pion production is governed by the δ and the N* resonances in either one or both of the participating nucleons.
The N*(1440)®N(πp)T=0S−wave transition has been suggested as the dominating production mechanism for two-pion production in proton-proton collisions. However, the total cross sections presented in this thesis show that other production mechanisms also must give large contributions.
Mazeliauskas, Aleksas. "Fluctuations in Ultra-Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions." Thesis, State University of New York at Stony Brook, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10256734.
Full textFluctuations are one of the main probes of the physics of the new state of hot and dense nuclear matter called the Quark Gluon Plasma (QGP) which is created in the ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions. In this dissertation we extend and improve upon the existing descriptions of heavy ion collisions in three different directions: we study the new signatures of initial state fluctuations, the propagation of perturbations in the early stages of the collision, and the effect of thermal fluctuations on the hydrodynamic expansion of the QGP.
First, in Chapter 3 we study initial state fluctuations by examining the complete statistical information contained in the two-particle correlation measurements in hydrodynamic simulations of Pb+Pb collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (√sNN = 2.76 TeV). We use Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to decompose the spectrum of harmonic flow, v_n(p_T) for n = 0–5, into dominant components. The leading component is identified with the standard event plane vn(pT), while the subleading component describes additional fluctuations in the two-particle correlation function. We find good geometric predictors for the orientation and the magnitude of the leading and the subleading flows. The subleading v 0, v1, and v3 flow harmonics are shown to be a response to the radial excitation of the corresponding eccentricity ϵn. In contrast, for v2 the subleading flow in peripheral collisions is dominated by the nonlinear mixing between the leading elliptic flow and radial flow fluctuations. Nonlinear mixing also plays a significant role in generating subleading v4 and v 5 harmonics. The PCA gives a systematic way of studying the full information of the two-particle correlation matrix and identifying the subleading flows, which we show are responsible for factorization breaking in hydrodynamics.
Second, in Chapter 4 we study the thermalization and hydrodynamization of fluctuations at the early stages of heavy ion collisions. We use leading order effective kinetic theory, accurate at weak coupling, to simulate the pre-equilibrium evolution of transverse energy and flow perturbations. For the short evolution we can use a linear response theory to construct the pre-equilibrium Green functions. Then the energy-momentum tensor at a time when hydrodynamics becomes applicable can be expressed as a linear convolution of response functions with the initial perturbations. We propose combining effective kinetic theory with weak coupling initial state models, such as IP-Glasma, to model the complete pre-thermal evolution from saturated nuclei to hydrodynamics in a weak coupling framework.
Last, in Chapter 5 we consider out-of-equilibrium hydrodynamic fluctuations in the expanding QGP. We develop a set of kinetic equations for a correlator of thermal fluctuations which are equivalent to nonlinear hydrodynamics with noise. We first show that the kinetic response precisely reproduces the one-loop renormalization of the shear viscosity for a static fluid. We then use the hydro-kinetic equations to analyze thermal fluctuations for a Bjorken expansion. The steady state solution to the kinetic equations determine the coefficient of the first fractional power of the gradient expansion (∞ 1/(τ T)3/2), which was computed here for the first time. The formalism of hydro-kinetic equations can be applied to more general background flows and coupled to existing viscous hydrodynamic codes to incorporate the physics of hydrodynamic fluctuations.
Ellert, Mattias. "Search for Charged Higgs Bosons in e+e− Collisions." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2001. http://publications.uu.se/theses/91-554-4981-6/.
Full textKawachi, Tetsuya. "Plasma Spectroscopy of Highly Charged Ions by the Method of Collisional-Radiative Model." Kyoto University, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/160769.
Full textKyoto University (京都大学)
0048
新制・課程博士
博士(工学)
甲第6050号
工博第1447号
新制||工||990(附属図書館)
UT51-95-D369
京都大学大学院工学研究科物理工学専攻
(主査)教授 藤本 孝, 教授 大引 得弘, 教授 牧野 俊郎
学位規則第4条第1項該当
Lebhertz, Dorothée. "Modes de décroissance des réactions de capture radiative résonnantes des collisions 12C+12C et 12C+16O." Strasbourg, 2009. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2009/LEBHERTZ_Dorothee_2009.pdf.
Full textMy work contributes to the search for the link between narrow resonances and molecular states in the 12C+12C and 12C+16O systems near the Coulomb barrier making use of the radiative capture. This mechanism allows to probe both the entrance channel by its overlap with the states of the composite nuclei and the nature of the states fed via electromagnetic transitions. The corresponding experiments were performed at TRIUMF (Canada) and used the 0° Dragon spectrometer and the associated 30 BGO array. The results show for the first time the complete radiative capture decay scheme and demonstrate in particular that a significant part (> 50% of the γ-flow) decreases to quasi-bound states around 10-11 MeV. Using the Geant3 transport code to model the whole experimental apparatus, I have proposed three decay scenarii: the first one is purely statistical, the second, resonant, with a unique entrance spin, and the last one based on cluster models. I have thus determined the entrance spins and the total radiative capture cross sections. I have also performed Time Dependent Hartree Fock calculations to study the reaction mechanism and determine the dinuclear lifetime for these reactions. My study concludes with GEANT4 calculations of the response function of the future multidetector PARIS, based on the use of new LaBr3 scintillating crytstals which will be installed at Spiral2 (Ganil, France). My results show that the resolution and efficiency of the future detector will allow to disentangle the different scenarii proposed in this work
Hammami, Ramzi. "Modélisation par des processus stochastiques de l'intensité et du spectre des atomes dans un plasma." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM4711/document.
Full textThe study of radiative properties of the plasmas (spectra and line intensities) is an important tool for achieving the diagnostic of plasmas. This thesis analyses diagnostic modeling using a stochastic approach. The method consists in modeling a fluctuating plasma parameter by a stepwise constant evolution separated by instantaneous jumps. The plasma parameter is sampled according to a probability density function (PDF), and its evolution is governed by a waiting time (WTD) which is related to the autocorrelation function of the considered plasma parameter. After presenting the theoretical foundations of our stochastic model, we are interested in a second part to the application of the latter for the kinetics of atomic populations in a turbulent plasma and to the Stark broadening of hydrogen line shapes. We apply our model to study the effect of temperature fluctuations on the ion abundances of carbon in conditions that may be encountered in thermonuclear fusion machines (tokamaks) and to a simplified atomic system of Balmer lines, with the aim of preparing a turbulence diagnostic based on line ratios. Our results and show that retaining fluctuations modifies the atomic populations of the system studied.We focus our interest on Stark profiles in a plasma assumed to be in thermodynamic equilibrium for our second application. In this case, it is the electric plasma microfield which is modeled by a stochastic process. The distinctive feature of this study is that it explores, for temperatures of the order of the eV, the intermediate regime between the static approximation at high density, and the impact approximation at low density
Senturk, Cetin. "Black Hole Collisions At The Speed Of Light." Phd thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12611479/index.pdf.
Full textSalama, Farid. "Etude de la photoexcitation dans l'ultra-violet lointain des halogènes piégés en matrice de gaz rare à basse température et étude de leur ionisation simple et double par impact protonique en phase gazeuse." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066213.
Full textHernandez-Vera, Mario. "Vers la compréhension de l’abondance des cyanures / isocyanures : collisions inélastiques et transfert radiatif." Thesis, Le Havre, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LEHA0013/document.
Full textAccurate molecular data, such collisional rate coefficients, are essential to model molecular lines and then to estimate molecular abundances in the interstellar medium (ISM). For this reason, we have used quantum approximations to study the rotational (de-)excitation of AlCN(1Σ), AlNC(1Σ), MgCN(2Σ), MgNC(2Σ), SiCN(2∏) and SiNC(2∏) molecules by collisions with He, as a model of H2. We have also considered the rotational (de-)excitation of HCN(1Σ) molecules by ortho-H2 and para-H2 molecules.Then, we have performed radiative transfer calculations in order to estimate the relative abundances of cyanide/isocyanide species in the ISM. The impact of our molecular data in the simulation of molecular emissions is discussed. Despite the similar spectroscopic characteristics of the isomers, this work demonstrates the importance of conducting separate collisional rate calculations for each isomer in order to obtain their abundances
Jacobs, Carolyn. "Etude du rayonnement d'un écoulement hypersonique à basse densité." Phd thesis, Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00677439.
Full textAnnaloro, Julien. "Elaboration of collisional-radiative models applied to atmospheric entry into the Earth and Mars atmospheres." Phd thesis, Université de Rouen, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00915497.
Full textDelahaye, Franck. "From accurate atomic data to elaborate stellar modeling structure and collisional data, opacities, radiative accelerations /." Connect to resource, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1126315887.
Full textTitle from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xx, 198 p.; also includes graphics (some col.). Includes bibliographical references (p. 191-198). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center.
Berrue, Jacques. "Contribution à l'etude de la diffusion de la lumière : étude spectrale de la diffusion collisionnelle, de la dépendance en densité des taux de diffusion et mise au point d'une méthode optique de détermination des équations d'état." Angers, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986ANGE0004.
Full textMuñoz, Burgos Jorge Manual Boivin Robert François Loch Stuart David. "Atomic data generation and collisional radiative modeling of Ar II, Ar III, and Ne I for laboratory and astrophysical plasmas." Auburn, Ala, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10415/1792.
Full textLoucatos, Sotiris. "Mise en évidence des bosons intermédiaires W± et Z° dans les collisions proton-antiproton à 546 GeV dans le centre de masse : expérience UA2." Paris 11, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA112340.
Full textThe Standard Model of electromagnetic and weak interactions predicts the existence of the intermediate vector bosons W+̲ and Z° and gives precise predictions for their masses. Antiproton accumulation by stochastic cooling and the operation of the CERN SPS accelerator in collider mode made accessible pp̄ collisions at 546 GeV center of mass energy. This thesis presents the observation of the intermediate vector bosons through their decays Z° → e⁺ e⁻, W → ev. During running periods 1982 and 1983, 8 decays Z° → e⁺ e⁻ and 32 decays W → ev with an electron of pT > 25 GeV/c were observed in UA2 experiment. Cross sections of W+̲ and Z° production and the weak interaction parameters: MW, MZ, sin²θW and p are determined. These results are in agreement with Standard Model predictions, thus confirming theory in a spectacular way. An upper limit to the total width of the Z° is given. An upper limit to the number of additional neutrinos is inferred. Radiative decays of the intermediate vector bosons are discussed
Yoshioka, Hiroki 1967. "Application of the smart scattering method to generate an extended first collision source for electron and proton beam source problems." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278388.
Full textBen, Slimane Tarek. "A Xenon Collisional Radiative Model for Electric Propulsion Application : Determining the electron temperature in a Halleffect Thruster." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-278506.
Full textHalleffektmotorer (HET) som använderXenon som bränsle är idag vanliga ochanvänds pga sin höga effektivitet. För att förstå dynamiken bakom en Xenonplasmaurladdningi motorn har vi utvecklat en kollisions-radiativ (CR) modellför Xenon inspirerad av arbetet i Karabadzhak et al. [1]. Modellen kommer attkombineras med PIC-simuleringar och OES-mätningar. CR-modellen bestårav 15 nivåer av Xenon och inkluderar excitering från kollisioner med elektroneroch strålning. Absorption implementerades i modellen genom att användaen ”escape factor”-approximation och en maxwelliansk uppskattning avEEDF. De första mätningarna genomfördes med en hypotes om termisk jämvikt.Icke jämvikts-resultat jämfördes därefter med relevanta förhållanden förmotorerna, vilket gav en förståelse för excitationsnivåernas kinetik och ger enmodell som beskriver de dominanta processerna under dessa förhållanden.Därefter undersöktes metoden med kvoten av spektrallinjers intensitet frånKarabadzhak et al. [1] med den framtagna modellen. Kvoterna av spektrallinjersintensitet togs fram på ett annat sätt och överensstämde relativt väl förkvoten av spektrallinjerna 823-828 nm. För 835-828 nm-kvoten kunde skillnaderiakttas, vilket kan tyda på att andra processer behöver inkluderas.
Appelt, Eric. "Measurements of Charged-Particle Transverse Momentum Spectra in PbPb Collisions at Square Root of SNN = 2|76 TeV and in pPb Collisions at Square Root of SNN = 5|02 TeV with the CMS Detector." Thesis, Vanderbilt University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3584408.
Full textBao, Zhuo. "Synchrotron Radiation Studies of Free and Adsorbed Molecules." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Surface and Interface Science Division, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-8610.
Full textThis thesis contains two parts. The first part concerns the research work on free molecules using synchrotron-radiation-related techniques. Auger electron spectra of two free open-shell molecules, O2 and NO, were studied experimentally and theoretically. Photoionization experimental technique with tunable synchrotron radiation source was used to induce core-level electron ionization and obtain the KVV normal Auger electron spectra. A quantitative assignment of O2 normal Auger spectrum was obtained by applying ab initio CI calculations and LVI Auger line shape simulations including the bond length dependence of Auger transition rates. The photon energy dependence of normal Auger electron spectra was focused on with photon energies in the vicinities of core-ionization threshold energies. Consequently, the MAPCI (Molecular Auger Post Collision Interaction) theory was developed. Taking the near-threshold O2 normal Auger spectrum as an example, the two extreme cases of MAPCI effect, “atomic-like PCI” and “molecular PCI”, were discovered and discussed. The effect of shape resonance on near-threshold molecular normal Auger spectrum was discussed taking NO near threshold normal Auger spectra as example.
The second part deals with research work on the chemisorption of small epoxy organic molecules, ethylene oxide, methyl oxirane, on Si (100) surfaces. Synchrotron radiation related techniques, UPS, XPS and NEXAFS, were applied. Based on the valence photoemission spectra, C 1s and Si 2p XPS spectra, the epoxy ring opening reactions of these molecules in chemisorption process were proved. Further tentative search for the surface-adsorbate CDAD effect was performed, and no evident circular dichroism was confirmed.
Keane, Aidan J. "Liouville's equation and radiative acceleration in general relativity." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.301358.
Full textKundu, Ashoke. "Monte Carlo simulation of gas-filled radiation detectors." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2000. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/987/.
Full textSanguinetti, Grégory. "Calcul de la production d'une paire de bosons de jauge faible associée à un jet à l'approximation au-delà des logarithmes dominants." Phd thesis, Chambéry, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00331294.
Full textBass, Eric Matthew. "Antihydrogen formation from antiprotons in a pure-positron plasma via three-body recombination and collisional and radiative de-excitation." Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2008. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3290778.
Full textTitle from first page of PDF file (viewed February 5, 2008). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 122-124).
Kraishan, Amani. "MEASUREMENT OF LONGITUDINAL SINGLE-SPIN ASYMMETRY FOR W± BOSON PRODUCTION IN POLARIZED PROTON-PROTON COLLISIONS AT STAR AT FORWARD RAPIDITY." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2018. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/521379.
Full textPh.D.
Spin plays a key role in the determination of the properties of fundamental particles and their interactions. The spin structure of the proton is one of the most challenging open puzzles in Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). It was believed that the proton spin was carried by the spin of its three valence quarks. However, The results of the EMC (European Muon Collaboration) experiments in 1987 suggested that the quark intrinsic spin contributes, ∆Σ = 0.12 ± 0.09 ± 0.14 of the proton spin setting off the proton spin crisis. ”Where is the rest of the proton spin is coming from?” remains a major challenge to our understanding of the structure of the proton. The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) delivers the highest energy polarized proton-proton collisions at a center of mass energy up to 510 GeV and provides a unique opportunity to study quark and gluon spin structure of the proton and the QCD dynamics at high energy scale. The production of W −(+) bosons in polarized proton-proton collisions provides an ideal tool to study the spin-flavor structure of the proton sea quark distributions profiting from the parity-violating nature of the weak interactions. W −(+) bosons are produced in u ̄ + d (d ̄ + u) annihilation and can be detected through their leptonic decay mode. The STAR experiment can detect charged leptons e−(+) at mid and forward rapidity regions. In this analysis, the measurement of the longitudinal single-spin asymmetries at forward rapidity for W boson production will be presented based on the data sample collected in 2013 (RUN-13) corresponding to an integrated luminosity 220 pb−1 with an average beam polarization ∼ 56%.
Temple University--Theses
Burghgrave, Blake. "Search for Charged Higgs Bosons in the tau + LEPTON Final State With 36.1 fb--1 of pp Collision Data Recorded at √s = 13 Tev With the ATLAS Experiment." Thesis, Northern Illinois University, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10839888.
Full textThis dissertation describes a search for charged Higgs bosons decaying to a tau and a neutrino (H+ → τ + ντ) or the charge-conjugate process) in association with a leptonically decaying top quark, using 36.1 fb–1 of pp collision data collected with √s = 13 TeV by the ATLAS detector. The theoretical motivation, including a review of the Standard Model, is given, along with a description of the ATLAS detector and particle reconstruction. A multi-variate analysis approach uses stochastic gradient boosted decision trees to improve the separation between H± signal and background. The semi-leptonic channel described in this thesis is used in combination with a fully hadronic channel to search for charged Higgs bosons in a mass range of 90 GeV ≤ mH± 2000 GeV. Finding no significant excess, limits are set at the 95% confidence level on the charged Higgs production cross section times the branching fraction into τν ranging from 4.2 pb to 2.5 fb. These limits are interpreted in the hMSSM benchmark scenario as an exclusion at 95% confidence on tan β as a function of mH±. In this scenario, for tan β = 60, the H± mass range up to 1100 GeV is excluded, with all values of tan β exclude for mH± ≤160 GeV
Beaumier, Michael John. "Probing the Spin Structure of the Proton Using Polarized Proton-Proton Collisions and the Production of W Bosons." Thesis, University of California, Riverside, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10181454.
Full textThis thesis discusses the process of extracting the longitudinal asymmetry, $A_L
{W\pm}$, describing $W\rightarrow\mu$ production in forward kinematic regimes. This asymmetry is used to constrain our understanding of the polarized parton distribution functions characterizing $\bar{u}$ and $\bar{d}$ sea quarks in the proton. This asymmetry will be used to constrain the overall contribution of the sea-quarks to the total proton spin. The asymmetry is evaluated over the pseudorapidity range of the PHENIX Muon Arms, $2.1 < |\eta|2.6$, for longitudinally polarized proton-proton collisions at 510 GeV $\sqrt{s}$. In particular, I will discuss the statistical methods used to characterize real muonic $W$ decays and the various background processes is presented, including a discussion of likelihood event selection and the Extended Unbinned Maximum Likelihood fit. These statistical methods serve estimate the yields of $W$ muonic decays, which are used to calculate the longitudinal asymmetry.