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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Common property systems

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Academic literature on the topic 'Common property systems'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 12 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Common property systems"

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Colding, Johan, Stephan Barthel, Pim Bendt, Robbert Snep, Wim van der Knaap, and Henrik Ernstson. "Urban green commons: Insights on urban common property systems." Global Environmental Change 23, no. 5 (2013): 1039–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2013.05.006.

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Quiggin, John. "Scattered landholdings in common property systems." Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 9, no. 2 (1988): 187–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-2681(88)90072-8.

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Curran, Sara R., and Tundi Agardy. "Common Property Systems, Migration, and Coastal Ecosystems." AMBIO: A Journal of the Human Environment 31, no. 4 (2002): 303–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1579/0044-7447-31.4.303.

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Wakamatsu, Mihoko, and Christopher M. Anderson. "The Endogenous Evolution of Common Property Management Systems." Ecological Economics 154 (December 2018): 211–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2018.08.007.

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Moritz, Mark, Roy Behnke, Christine M. Beitl, et al. "Emergent sustainability in open property regimes." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 51 (2018): 12859–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1812028115.

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Current theoretical models of the commons assert that common-pool resources can only be managed sustainably with clearly defined boundaries around both communities and the resources that they use. In these theoretical models, open access inevitably leads to a tragedy of the commons. However, in many open-access systems, use of common-pool resources seems to be sustainable over the long term (i.e., current resource use does not threaten use of common-pool resources for future generations). Here, we outline the conditions that support sustainable resource use in open property regimes. We use the conceptual framework of complex adaptive systems to explain how processes within and couplings between human and natural systems can lead to the emergence of efficient, equitable, and sustainable resource use. We illustrate these dynamics in eight case studies of different social–ecological systems, including mobile pastoralism, marine and freshwater fisheries, swidden agriculture, and desert foraging. Our theoretical framework identifies eight conditions that are critical for the emergence of sustainable use of common-pool resources in open property regimes. In addition, we explain how changes in boundary conditions may push open property regimes to either common property regimes or a tragedy of the commons. Our theoretical model of emergent sustainability helps us to understand the diversity and dynamics of property regimes across a wide range of social–ecological systems and explains the enigma of open access without a tragedy. We recommend that policy interventions in such self-organizing systems should focus on managing the conditions that are critical for the emergence and persistence of sustainability.

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GOODHUE, RACHAEL E., and NANCY McCARTHY. "Traditional property rights, common property, and mobility in semi-arid African pastoralist systems." Environment and Development Economics 14, no. 1 (2009): 29–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x08004555.

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ABSTRACTTraditional pastoralist land management institutions in sub-Saharan Africa have been stressed by an increasing human population and related forces, including private enclosure of grazing land; government-sponsored privatization; and the increasing prevalence of violent conflicts and livestock theft. We model the incompleteness and flexibility of traditional grazing rights using fuzzy set theory. We compare individual and social welfare under the traditional system to individual and social welfare under a private property system and a common property system. Whether the traditional system is preferred to private property depends on whether the value of mobility, as defined by the traditional system, is more valuable than the right of exclusion inherent in private property. We find that under some conditions the imprecision which characterizes traditional rights can result in higher social returns than a common property regime characterized by complete symmetric rights across all members of the user group and complete exclusion of non-members.

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Baker, J. "Common Property Resource Theory and theKuhlIrrigation Systems of Himachal Pradesh, India." Human Organization 56, no. 2 (1997): 199–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/humo.56.2.d876845088x463k7.

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Singh, Nandita. "Indigenous Water Management Systems: Interpreting Symbolic Dimensions in Common Property Resource Regimes." Society & Natural Resources 19, no. 4 (2006): 357–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08941920500519297.

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Studer, Thomas. "Common knowledge does not have the Beth property." Information Processing Letters 109, no. 12 (2009): 611–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ipl.2009.02.011.

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Boodman, Martin. "The Nature and Diversity of Personal Property Security Systems in Canada." Revue générale de droit 23, no. 1 (2019): 109–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1057478ar.

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In Canada, there are three natural groupings of personal property security systems. These are the Common law systems of nine provinces and two territories, the Civil law system of Québec and the Canadian federal legislation relevant to secured lending. The Common law jurisdictions subdivide into two groups consisting of those which have adopted or are about to adopt unitary personal property security legislation modelled upon Article 9 of the U.C.C. of the United States, and those which have not and are not about to adopt such legislation. The purpose of this paper is to describe the common and disparate features of the systems for security on personal or moveable property in Canada. The descriptive exercise indicates that it is impossible to characterize the law in this domain as either completely divergent or homogeneous and that, despite similarities and differences, there is a substantial degree of commensurability among Canadian systems of security on personal property.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Common property systems"

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Bauer, Kenneth Michael. "Land use, common property, and development among pastoralists in Central Tibet (1884-2004)." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.491584.

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Begum, Saleha. "A study of small-scale community tank irrigation systems in the dry zone of Sri Lanka." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.362206.

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Griggs, Julian Roger. "Developing cooperative management systems for common property resources : resolving cross-cultural conflict in a west coast fishery." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29032.

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Conventional approaches to resource management frequently invest authority in the hands of a technical management agency, with the result that the roles of manager and user are often cast in opposition as guardian and villain respectively. This thesis addresses cross-cultural contexts where this problem is exacerbated by the difficulties of communication and where management efforts are often frustrated by conflict. The objectives of the thesis are (i) to analyse the relationship between systems of property rights and systems of resource management, and (ii) to assess the potential for traditional communal property systems to provide a foundation for the cooperative management of local renewable resources held in common. Preliminary chapters set out the theoretical context for this work, tracing the linkage between conventional approaches to resource management and the prevailing western understanding of common property, particularly Hardin's (1968) 'tragedy paradigm'. An analysis of the theoretical challenges to this line of thinking leads to the identification of an alternative, cooperative approach to resource management that builds oh a refined definition of common property and which draws on empirical examples of traditional management systems from around the world. A case-study of the clam fishery on the West coast of Vancouver Island is introduced as an illustrative example of a resource management conflict in a complex setting, beset by a number of problems including a chronic lack of communication and pervasive uncertainty. Using Rein and Schön's concept of 'frames', the dispute is defined in terms of the conflicting perceptions of the many stakeholder groups and from this viewpoint, the present conflict is shown to reflect the characteristic weaknesses of the conventional approach. A solution to this conflict is sought through the the adaptation of the traditional resource use system of the aboriginal inhabitants of the area. By adapting the key characteristics of the traditional system to match the more complex demands of the many stakeholder groups, a set of founding principles is established and a skeleton framework for cooperative management is proposed. It is concluded that the conflict would best be resolved through a process of mediated negotiation that seeks to reduce frame conflict and encourage the growth of cooperation. A number of recommendations are offered that suggest how this process might evolve. On the basis of the findings of the case study, it is concluded that traditional communal property systems can provide a sound foundation for the cooperative management of common property resources but that on the West coast, a number of substantive changes must first come about. In particular there is a need to develop amongst the stakeholder groups a more refined definition of common property and a more refined understanding of its linkage to management systems. There is also an urgent need to close the widening gap between the rapidly changing legal realities of Native rights and the outstanding aboriginal land question on the one hand, and the political and social reality in which many of the stakeholders operate on the other. Finally, it is concluded that cooperative management systems of this type may well be appropriate in many similar resource management and international development contexts but that one principal barrier remains. If western society is unable to overcome the cultural inertia that prevents us from seeing beyond a simple choice of the strictly traditional on the one hand, or the strictly modern on the other, such promising opportunities will be lost. It is argued that this 'traditional/modern' dichotomy must be overcome if more creative and innovative approaches to the management of local renewable resources are to come to fruition.<br>Science, Faculty of<br>Resources, Environment and Sustainability (IRES), Institute for<br>Graduate

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Cornejo, Melissa K. "Promoting community ecotourism enterprises in common property regimes : a stakeholder analysis and geographic information systems application in Ejido X-Maben in central Quintana Roo, Mexico." FIU Digital Commons, 2004. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2516.

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A group of community members of the ejido X-Maben in the state of Quintana Roo, Mexico are currently in the process of developing a community ecotourism enterprise (CEE) to attract both local and foreign tourism to a natural area within their ejido. Most definitions of ecotourism define the natural area of interest as a protected area and include the requirement of integrating local communities into the benefits generated by ecotourism in that particular area. However, few researchers have considered the case of community ecotourism where the natural area is on communal lands and the enterprise itself is fully community-owned. This project analyzes the institutional complexities of planning an ecotourism enterprise within the ejido of X-Maben, includes a stakeholder analysis, and involves a GIS analysis of the placement of nature trails in the ecotourism area. The thesis project also includes examinations of other efforts to establish CEEs elsewhere in Quintana Roo.

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Mason, Nicholas Craig. "Forging a New Global Commons Introducing common property into the global genetic resource debate." Thesis, University of Canterbury. School of Political Science and Communication, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/904.

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This thesis provides an analysis of recent attempts to regulate the governance of genetic resources through the initiation of new global commons regimes. These attempts have arisen out of a combination of the growing recognition of genetic resources' value and global nature; a new resurgence in support for the common property paradigm; and, during a period in which the world is becoming increasingly globalised, with many governance competencies moving to the supranational level. They can be viewed as part of a broader effort to proffer the common property approach as a legitimate alternative in the property regime debate: a debate that has increasingly become trapped in the public-private dichotomy at the dawn of the twenty-first century. The aim of this thesis is to investigate the success of these attempts, and offer suggestions about how future attempts might be more successful. While there are a multitude of books, articles, opinion pieces and media reports produced that concern themselves with property theory, intellectual property theory, the efficacy or morality of applying property regimes to living materials, and the threats and promises of globalisation, all of which influence the notion of a potential global genetic commons, relatively little has been written directly on the idea of applying global common property regimes to genetic resource governance issues. The first part of this thesis constructs a theory of a global genetic commons, drawing inspiration from a variety of sources, while the second part tests this theory in order to analyse the outcomes of the recent attempts, and suggest directions for future research. The thesis finds that the conception of a global genetic commons is indeed a valid one, and that while not all attempts so far have been successful, the common property paradigm does offer valuable insights for the future governance of genetic resources at the global level.

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Ley, Debora. "Sustainable development, climate change, and renewable energy in rural Central America." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:90ce7966-ad99-4bcc-9192-001712ca03f1.

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Can rural renewable energy projects simultaneously meet the multiple goals of sustainable development, climate change mitigation and climate change adaptation? If so, under what conditions? Rural communities throughout Latin America have increasingly suffered the impacts of climate change and few policies exist to help them adapt to these impacts. The basic infrastructure and services that they frequently lack can be provided by low carbon technologies, potentially funded by international carbon finance flows that could enable the Millennium Development Goals of economic growth and poverty alleviation to be met while minimizing carbon emissions. This research will focus on this interrelationship among development, climate change mitigation and climate change adaptation policies and practices using political ecology to analyse community renewable energy projects in rural Central America. I assess fifteen community-owned renewable energy projects in Guatemala and Nicaragua to analyse whether current renewable energy projects are achieving these goals in an integrated way. The projects were established primarily as development, emissions reductions, climate change adaptation and disaster relief. The projects are evaluated on economic, development and climate change indicators that include sustainable development, poverty alleviation, emissions reductions, and climate vulnerability. I examine how the type of common property governance, local historical and environmental background and project implementation process influence the project success in meeting multiple objectives of climate adaptation, mitigation and development. Research methods include participatory poverty assessment techniques, semi-structured interviews, stakeholder analysis, and a combination of rapid and participatory methods. The analysis of sustainable development and vulnerability used the Sustainable Livelihoods Approach methodologies and emissions reductions were calculated using standard carbon reduction methodologies. The results show that, under certain conditions, renewable energy projects can simultaneously meet these three objectives, and thus that responses to climate change can be integrated with poverty alleviation and sustainable development. Small scale hydroelectric and solar systems can reduce emissions, enable adaptation and help local livelihoods although there are numerous problems that limit the success of projects including poor design, inequitable distribution of benefits, and poorly designed governance and maintenance structures.

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McCurry, David B. "Provenance Tracking in a Commons of Geographic Data." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2007. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/McCurryDB2007.pdf.

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Thé, Ana Paula Glinfskoi. "Conhecimento ecológico, regras de uso e manejo local dos recursos naturais na pesca do alto-médio São Francisco, MG." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/1779.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:29:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseAPGT.pdf: 1749745 bytes, checksum: 8a0e420266544c989b89c5c488b41648 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003-10-09<br>Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais<br>The use of nature by local communities is based in a set of knowledge, practices and believes, developed through human culture and historical experience with the environment. Small-scale commercial fishermen from Upper-Medium São Francisco River, object of this study, are influenced by the dynamics of the environment cycle and by the ecology and biology of fishery resources, maintaining a very close relationship with them, for developing new knowledge and understandings which can provide better conditions of survive. More than that, the small-scale fishermen have self-organized for planning and practicing local management of fishery resources, which include local rules or institutions which define the rights and duties in the access and use of resources. The study of local ecological knowledge and common property systems developed by these communities are the mainly goal of ethnoecology science and of researches in common property systems, which support them as alternatives to the traditional scientific ecology and management of natural resources. This research was carried out between 1999 and 2001 with 7 field trips of 15 days each. Open and structured interviews were carried out, complemented by direct observation of the fishing activity, and the collect of fishery yield. The small-scale fishermen of Upper-Medium São Francisco River have demonstrated to pursue a detailed comprehension about the ecology and biology of the aquatic system and its fishery resources, on which they have based their fishery practices and common property systems, expecting to guarantee efficiency with sustainability. These local ecological knowledge and practices can contribute to develop a new interdisciplinary scientific view about ecology and management, putting together scientific and local experiences to produce a better use of natural resources, for these and the next generations.<br>A exploração da natureza por comunidades locais se fundamenta num conjunto de conhecimentos, práticas e crenças humanas para o uso dos recursos naturais, fundado nas tradições culturais e na experimentação empírica do ambiente próximo. Pescadores artesanais comerciais do trecho mineiro do Alto-Médio São Francisco, alvos deste estudo, dependem diretamente das variações dos ciclos ambientais e da biologia e ecologia dos recursos pescados. Mantêm uma associação íntima com o sistema aquático e com os peixes, desenvolvendo conhecimentos e compreensões imprescindíveis para a sua sobrevivência através da pesca. Além disso, os pescadores artesanais têm se auto-organizado para o exercício de manejos locais dos recursos pesqueiros, que abrangem regras ou instituições locais definidoras de direitos de acesso e uso dos recursos pesqueiros, assim como, deveres e formas de monitoramento do uso dos recursos estabelecidos pelas próprias comunidades. O levantamento deste saber e manejo local é função da ciência etnoecologia e da teoria da propriedade comum, que defendem o aproveitamento de ambos, conhecimento e manejo local, como práticas alternativas ao manejo convencional dos recursos naturais. Este trabalho foi desenvolvido em quatro comunidades de pescadores do Rio São Francisco, situadas nos municípios de Três Marias, Pirapora, Buritizeiro e Januária, no estado de Minas Gerias. Os dados foram coletados através de entrevistas livres e semi-estruturadas, aplicadas a um número mínimo de 16 e a um número máximo de 30 pescadores em cada comunidade, em visitas quadrimestrais com duração média de 15 dias, entre os meses de fevereiro de 1999 a fevereiro de 2001. Os pescadores do Rio São Francisco em Minas Gerais partilham um modelo percebido de seu ambiente de pesca que contempla os comportamentos biológicos e ecológicos dos peixes e do rio, e que determinam diferentes práticas de pesca e sistemas de propriedade comum dos recursos pesqueiros. Tais compreensões e práticas locais são essenciais para um enfoque interdisciplinar da ecologia, necessário para a implementação de ações de manejo verdaderiamente eficazes e participativas.

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Papadopoulou, Frantzeska. "Opening Pandora's Box : Exploring Flexibilities and Alternatives for Protecting Traditional Knowledge and Genetic Resources under the Intellectual Property Framework." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-100568.

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What happens when resources get valuable and scarce? How is Intellectual Property dealing with market failures related to sub-patentable innovation or purely traditional knowledge with interesting applications? The protection of traditional knowledge and genetic resources (TKGR) has been one of the major modern challenges in international IP law. The entry into force of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and its implementation in national legislation has created more questions than the ones it answered. The objective of this dissertation is to assist in the evaluation of current national and regional implementation initiatives as well in the presentation and evaluation of different forms of entitlements that could be applicable in the case of TKGR. The dissertation has employed a theoretical framework for this evaluation, by combining the Coase Theorem and Rawls' theory of justice. The choice of these two theoretical models is not a random one. In order for the entitlement covering TKGR to be successful, it has to be efficient. It has to offer a stable and efficient marketplace where access to TKGR is possible without unnecessary frictions. However, efficiency could not be the only objective. An entitlement focusing solely on efficiency would fall short of the needs and special considerations of TKGR trade. It would above all be counter to the objectives and major principles of the CBD, the “fair and equitable sharing of the benefits” and would certainly fail to address the very important North-South perspective. Fairness is thus a necessary complement to the efficiency of the proposed entitlement. This dissertation proposes a thorough investigation of the special characteristics, of right-holders, subject-matter, market place as well as of the general expectations that an entitlement is supposed to fulfill. In parallel to that, it looks into the meaning and scope of alternative entitlements in order to be able to propose the best alternative.

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Sánchez, Álvarez Daniel. "Elementos de Semántica Denotacional de Lenguajes de Programación con Datos Borrosos." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Murcia, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/10932.

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A fin de diseñar e implementar lenguajes de programación que tengan en cuenta el paradigma borroso modificaremos el lambda cálculo clásico, adjuntando a cada término un grado, y redefiniendo la beta-reducción, obteniendo que para que el nuevo cálculo verifique la propiedad de Church-Rosser la transmisión de los grados debe hacerse por medio de una función que sea una t-norma o s-conorma. Utilizando esta nueva herramienta diseñamos un lenguaje no determinista que satisface los requerimientos de la programación con datos borrosos.<br>With the aim of designing and implementing programming languages that take into account the fuzzy paradigm we will modify the classical lambda calculus by adding a degree to each term and by redefining the b-reduction. Thus, for the new calculus to verify the Church-Rosser property, the degree computed with can be made through a function that is a t-norm or an s-conorm. With this new tool we design a nondeterminist language that satisfies fuzzy dataprogramming requirements, and an example of its behaviour is shown.

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Books on the topic "Common property systems"

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Bruce, John W. Legal bases for the management of forest resources as common property. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 1999.

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Griggs, Julian R. Developing cooperative management systems for common property resources: Resolving cross-cultural conflict in a West Coast fishery. Centre for Human Settlements, School of Community and Regional Planning, University of British Columbia, 1991.

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Bekker, S. B. Culture and development in South Africa: A case study addressing tenure and common property systems in the Durban functional region. Dept. of Sociology, University of Stellenbosch, 1996.

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Welling, Bruce. Property in things in the common law system. Scribblers Pub., 1996.

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Noyes, C. Reinold. The institution of property: A study of the development, substance, and arrangement of the system of property in modern Anglo-American law. Lawbook Exchange, 2007.

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Office, General Accounting. Space operations: NASA is not properly safeguarding valuable data from past missions : report to the chairman, Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, House of Representatives. The Office, 1990.

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Office, General Accounting. Financial management: Survey of capitalization threshold and other policies for property, plant, and equipment : report to Agency officials. U.S. General Accounting Office, 2002.

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Office, General Accounting. Financial management: DOD's approach to financial control over property needs structure : report to the Deputy Secretary of Defense. The Office, 1997.

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Office, General Accounting. Financial management: Some DOD contractors abuse the federal tax system with little consequence : report to congressional requesters. U.S. General Accounting Office, 2004.

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Office, General Accounting. Financial management: Improvements needed in Air Force vendor payment systems and controls : report to the Chairman, Subcommittee on Administrative Oversight and the Courts, Committee on the Judiciary, U.S. Senate. The Office, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Common property systems"

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Gupta, Vishal, and Naveen Mani. "Common Fixed Points by Using E.A. Property in Fuzzy Metric Spaces." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. Springer India, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-1768-8_4.

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Vishal Gupta, Raman Deep, and Naveen Gulati. "Common Fixed Point Results in G b Metric Space and Generalized Fuzzy Metric Space Using E.A Property and Altering Distance Function." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0451-3_16.

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Walrand, Jean. "Multiplexing: B." In Probability in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49995-2_4.

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AbstractChapter 10.1007/978-3-030-49995-2_3 used the Central Limit Theorem to determine the number of users that can safely share a common cable or link. We saw that this result is also fundamental to calculate confidence intervals. In this section, we prove this theorem. A key tool is the characteristic function that provides a simple way to study sums of independent random variables.Section 4.1 introduces the characteristic function and calculates it for a Gaussian random variable. Section 4.2 uses that function to prove the Central Limit Theorem. Section 4.3 uses the characteristic function to calculate the moments of a Gaussian random variable. The sum of squares of Gaussian random variables is a common model of noise in communication links. Section 4.4 proves a remarkable property of such a sum. Section 4.5 shows how to use characteristic functions to approximate binomial and geometric random variables. The error function arises in the calculation of the probability of errors in transmission systems and also in decisions based on random observations. Section 4.6 derives useful approximations of that function. Section 4.7 concludes the chapter with a discussion of an adaptive multiple access protocol similar to one used in WiFi networks.

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Lochmann, Alexander, and Aart Middeldorp. "Formalized Proofs of the Infinity and Normal Form Predicates in the First-Order Theory of Rewriting." In Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45237-7_11.

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Abstract We present a formalized proof of the regularity of the infinity predicate on ground terms. This predicate plays an important role in the first-order theory of rewriting because it allows to express the termination property. The paper also contains a formalized proof of a direct tree automaton construction of the normal form predicate, due to Comon.

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Lee, Joung-Hun. "Theoretical Models as a Tool to Derive Management Strategies for Sustainable Natural Resource Management." In Decision Science for Future Earth. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8632-3_7.

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AbstractBiodiversity hot spots cannot be preserved successfully unless human activities such as illegal logging and grazing are properly controlled and cooperation is achieved among resource users to reduce anthropogenic impacts. We explore strategies for sustainable use of common resources by studying resource users’ behaviors together with resource dynamics, because ecological and social factors are known to interact strongly. By showing three systems dealing with the risk of illegal logging, grazing pressure, and increasing catching effort respectively, we show the advantages of a mathematical model as a management tool.

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Adamski, Dominik, Krzysztof Ortel, and Łukasz Zawadka. "Research on Proper Integration Between an On-Board and a Trackside Control-Command and Signalling Subsystems." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27687-4_1.

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Yamaod, Oratai, Wutiphol Sintunavarat, and Yeol Je Cho. "Common Solutions for a System of Functional Equations in Dynamic Programming Passing Through the JCLR-Property in $$S_b$$-Metric Spaces." In Advances in Metric Fixed Point Theory and Applications. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6647-3_19.

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Grimsrud, E. Stien, B. Aarset, A. I. Myhr, V. Skagemo, and I. Olesen. "Genetic commons and codified commodities: exploring the role of intellectual property rights on genetic resources in Norwegian biotechnology innovation systems." In Know your food. Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-813-1_24.

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"Privacy and personality in the common law systems." In Privacy, Property and Personality. Cambridge University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511495243.005.

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Press, Tim. "1. Introduction to intellectual property and common themes." In Intellectual Property Concentrate. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198840640.003.0001.

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This book focuses on intellectual property (IP) rights as they apply in the UK, including rights created by the EU. Legal systems around the world have seen fit to create these rights or causes of action to protect intangible concepts such as inventions, literature, brands, designs, and so on. It is said that IP protects the products of the mind, but that does not really apply to brand protection or to the protection of some types of information. As IP rights are so diverse, the theoretical bases for legal protection vary and are dealt with separately in their relevant chapters. However, there are some common approaches, namely, the neo-classical micro-economic theory, rights-based, and other approaches. Common legal topics are dealt with here as they affect more than one IP right. Particular issues flowing from them will be mentioned in the following chapters.

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Conference papers on the topic "Common property systems"

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Zhao, Junfeng, and Junmin Wang. "On-Board Fuel Property Identification Method Based on Common Rail Pressure Signal." In ASME 2012 5th Annual Dynamic Systems and Control Conference joint with the JSME 2012 11th Motion and Vibration Conference. ASME, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2012-movic2012-8528.

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Kegel, Thomas, and William Johansen. "Laboratory Testing of Safety Relief Valves." In ASME/USCG 2017 4th Workshop on Marine Technology and Standards. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mts2017-0408.

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Industrial fluid handling and storage systems can experience excessive pressure resulting from process upsets. A catastrophic component failure can compromise personnel safety or damage property. A pressure relief valve (PRV) represents a common design element that allows material to be vented to reduce pressure and restore safe conditions. Obviously selecting the proper PRV requires specification of the relief pressure. Less obvious might be the requirement of confirming that the flowrate is adequate to vent the system volume. Paper published with permission.

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Wu, Mingtao, and Young B. Moon. "Taxonomy for Secure CyberManufacturing Systems." In ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-86091.

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CyberManufacturing System (CMS) is a vision for manufacturing systems where physical machinery and processes are fully and seamlessly integrated with computational resources. However, this very ubiquitous connectivity opens unintended new doors for cyber-attacks into CMS. This type of attack begins in a digital format, intrudes through computer networks, and ultimately causes physical damages. Despite the criticality of the CMS security, research on the subject is in its infancy. New types of cyber-physical attack are emerging but not well understood. In order to gain new insights into the problems and to assist much needed research, a taxonomy — as a common language for the interdisciplinary work — was developed and is presented in this paper. The taxonomy is defined in six dimensions: (i) human, (ii) product, (iii) equipment, (iv) intellectual property, (v) environment, and (vi) operation. For each dimension, attacks are decomposed further in terms of attack targets, sub-targets and attack methods. Examples of using the taxonomy are presented.

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Ambur, Ramakrishnan, Xiaonan Zhao, and Stephan Rinderknecht. "Fault Diagnosis on an Aircraft Engine Model Equipped With Self-Sensing Piezoelectric Actuators." In ASME Turbo Expo 2016: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2016-56975.

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Piezoelectric actuators provide an active solution for vibration control in aircraft engines compared to the state-of-the-art squeeze film dampers. The property of piezoelectric materials enable them to be used as sensors and actuators simultaneously. This self-sensing property of the actuator is analyzed in this paper for its ability to detect unbalance faults, which are common in rotor systems. In this paper two different actuator configurations are studied for its ability to diagnose unbalance faults in an aircraft engine. Three parameters of unbalances such as its magnitude, its position in the circumferential and axial direction in a rotor are estimated through simulations. Finally a suitable position to achieve a better fault diagnosis is identified.

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Heaney, Patrick S., and Onur Bilgen. "Nonlinearities in Experimental System Identification of a Piezocomposite Beam Model." In ASME 2017 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2017-3735.

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Piezocomposite beams are often modeled using linear constitutive equations describing the electromechanical coupling of the material. In nearly all experimental identification processes, nonlinearities in these equations are ignored, which can lead to significant errors in the identified models. Following a common practice in the literature, a piezocomposite cantilever beam is modeled as a single degree of freedom system, with strain induced harmonic excitation governed by linear piezoelectric constitutive relationships. The validity of the linear property assumptions is investigated. It is experimentally demonstrated that the relationship between input and response of the beam is significantly nonlinear. The impact of this nonlinear behavior on the parameter identification of the system is shown for three different testing methods, (1) Open Loop Excitation, (2) Constant Input, and (3) Constant Response. For each method, the command amplitude is varied which yields different parameter estimates for the single degree of freedom beam model. These results demonstrate that the assumed linear constitutive relationships lead to parameter estimates which are only accurate for the specific testing method and the specific commanded input or response amplitude, even under highly controlled testing procedures. The paper concludes with comments on the system identification of a single degree of freedom model given this nonlinear system behavior.

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Deng, Xiaoguang, and Yong Zeng. "A Novel Framework for Product/Service Systems Using Environment-Based Design Methodology." In ASME 2014 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2014-34302.

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The diversity of costumer’s needs requires manufacturers to provide a complex package of product and service. In contrast to traditional matured methods used for product design, Product/Service Systems (PSS) design still has a large room for development because of three following core research challenges: 1) development of a common shared structure to represent and understand PSS’s elements and their relations; 2) systematic modelling approaches to formulating design problems; and 3) holistic consideration of social, technological, economic and ecological elements. This paper aims to propose a novel framework for PSS design by addressing three issues above. The proposed framework is derived step-by-step from a natural language description of PSS environment using Environment-Based Design (EBD) methodology. The proposed framework attempts to accommodate the recursive scenarios in PSS design along with PSS lifecycle. The PSS environment will be firstly analyzed through a question-asking strategy. Besides, a set of graphical tools will be presented to support the development of framework, such as product-environment system, performance network, and conflict map. A case study, concerning the service design of intellectual property protection in collaborative product development, will be presented to illustrate the proposed framework.

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Shafat, Gabriel, Binyamin Abramov, and Ilya Levin. "Using Threshold Functions in Teaching Electronics." In ASME 2008 9th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2008-59125.

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Teaching of digital electronics and the teaching of analog electronics differ significantly. The methods in use today differ in two major points: the required mathematical background and the used didactic methods. The well-known gap between the analog and the digital paradigms in teaching electronics has motivated the present study. The paper introduces a novel approach for electronics course teaching. The approach uses a concept threshold functions. Threshold functions have three remarkable properties that are suitable for the purposes of teaching an electronics course. The first property is the simplicity of the functions’ representation and implementation; the essence of a threshold function is understandable on the common sense level. The second property is the dual analog-digital nature of the threshold functions. The definition of a threshold function usually includes both Boolean and arithmetic portions and weaves together the two alternative domains: digital and analog. Since students are familiar with regular arithmetic functions from previous math courses, the addition of Boolean concepts is simple to grasp. The possibility to transform any threshold function from one domain to another, serves as a powerful tool for processes teaching. The third property we consider is the multiple representations possible for threshold functions. Besides the classical Boolean and arithmetic representations, a threshold function can be represented in the format of an electric/electronic circuit and also can be represented in a spatial form, by three-dimensional visualization for better understanding the functional properties of threshold functions. The paper discusses a problem-based learning with two main types of problems: synthesis and analysis problems of threshold elements. While the analysis problem is relatively simple, the problem of optimal synthesis is NP-complete, and equivalent to a well-known optimization problem that exists also in linear programming. Using the linear programming for teaching the synthesis of a threshold element is a challenging pedagogical task. The paper describes an approach for solving this task. A number of real-world problems may be formulated and efficiently solved by using the proposed threshold-based approach, for example the problems of event-driven control, fuzzy control, linear optimization, self-regulation. These problems formulate as students’ assignments, and are used in the lesson. These exercises convert a lesson of electronics into an interesting, challengeable and useful educational event. Introduction of the threshold approach into the electronics curriculum enables the students to acquire much deeper understanding of electronic systems.

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Yang, Chun-Lin, and C. Steve Suh. "On the Dynamics of Complex Network." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-71994.

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Controlling complex network systems is challenging because network systems are highly coupled by ensembles and behaving with uncertainty. A network is composed by nodes and edges. Edges serve as the connection between nodes to exchange state information and further achieve state consensus. Through edges, the dynamics of individual nodes at the local level intimately affects the network dynamics at the global level. As a following bird can occasionally lose visual contact with the target bird in a flock at any moment, the edge between two nodes in a real world network systems is not necessarily always intact. Contrary to common sense, these real-world networks are usually perfectly stable even when the edges between the nodes are unstable. This suggests that not only nodes are dynamical, edges are dynamical, too. Since the edges between the nodes are changing dynamically, network configuration is also dynamical. Further, edges need be defined and quantified so that the unstable connection behavior can be properly described. The paper explores the concepts of statistical mechanics and statistical entropy to address the particular need. Statistical mechanics describes the behavior of a mechanical system that has uncertain states. Statistical entropy on the other hand defines the distribution of the microstates by probability. Entropy provides a measure of the level of network integrity. With entropy, one can assign desired dynamics to the network to ensure desired network property. This work aims to construct a complex network structure model based on the edge dynamics. Coupled with node self-dynamic and consensus law, a general dynamical network model can be constructed.

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Gagaev, Andrey, and Pavel Gagaev. "ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE IN THE SYSTEM OF JUSTICE." In Globalistics-2020: Global issues and the future of humankind. Interregional Social Organization for Assistance of Studying and Promotion the Scientific Heritage of N.D. Kondratieff / ISOASPSH of N.D. Kondratieff, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46865/978-5-901640-33-3-2020-82-88.

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Environmental justice is a part of the system of natural, ethnic, geographic-ecological, restorative and international justice and a system of solutions in the field of global issues. Environmental justice includes compatibility, hatchability and sequence, equality, freedom, truth, responsibility of all forms of life on the planet and in space in their habitats, not claiming for the habitats of other living forms. Therefore, for example, the United States are their habitat only and nowhere else in the world, like any other nation, while the exit of ethnic groups beyond their habitats means aggression and violence. The article also presents the subject of environmental justice. It is the world economic systems. Environmental justice includes also procedural principles of fairness, maintaining natural evolution and self-organization of habitats in space and time; common property of mankind; teleology of alignment and perfection of races and ethnic groups, evolutionary diversity; maintaining the natural cyclicity of life forms; a system of non-violence and solutions to global issues.

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Viswanathan, Sasi Prabhakaran, and Amit K. Sanyal. "Design of an Adaptive Singularity-Free Control Moment Gyroscope (ASCMG) Cluster for Spacecraft Attitude Control." In ASME 2015 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2015-9818.

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Spacecraft attitude control using an Adaptive Singularity-free Control Moment Gyroscope (ASCMG) cluster design for internal actuation is presented. A complete dynamics model is derived using the principles of variational mechanics, relaxing some common assumptions made in prior literature on control moment gyroscopes. These assumptions include perfect axisymmetry of the rotor and gimbal structures, and perfect alignment of the centers of mass of the gimbal and the rotor. The resulting dynamics display complex nonlinear coupling between the internal degrees of freedom associated with the CMG and the spacecraft base body’s rotational degrees of freedom in the absence of these assumptions. This dynamics model is further generalized to include the effects of multiple CMGs placed in the spacecraft bus, and sufficient conditions for non-singular CMG cluster configurations are obtained. General ideas on control of the angular momentum of the spacecraft using changes in the momentum variables of a finite number of CMGs, are provided. A control scheme using a finite number of CMGs in the absence of external torques and when the total angular momentum of the spacecraft is zero, is presented. The dynamics model of the spacecraft with a finite number of CMGs is then simplified under the assumption that the rotor is axisymmetric, in which case it is shown that singularities are avoided. As an example, the case of three CMGs with axisymmetric rotors, placed in a tetrahedron configuration inside the spacecraft, is considered. The control scheme is then numerically implemented using a geometric variational integrator and the results confirm the singularity-free property and high control authority of the ASCMG cluster. Moreover, as rotor misalignments are addressed in the dynamics model, the ASCMG cluster can adapt to them without requiring hardware changes.

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