Academic literature on the topic 'Composite effluent'
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Journal articles on the topic "Composite effluent"
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Fitamo, Temesgen, Olli Dahl, Emma Master, and Torsten Meyer. "Biochemical methane potential of kraft bleaching effluent and codigestion with other in-mill streams." February 2016 15, no. 2 (2016): 80–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj15.2.80.
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A biochemical methane potential assay was conducted to investigate the anaerobic digestibility of bleaching effluent from hardwood kraft pulping and the potential of codigestion with other effluents from an integrated pulp and paper mill. Four in-mill streams were tested individually and in combination: total bleaching effluent, alkaline bleaching effluent, kraft evaporator condensate, and chemithermomechanical pulping effluent. The total bleaching effluent, consisting of the chlorine dioxide bleaching and alkaline bleaching effluents, exhibited the highest potential for organic matter degradation and methane generation. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal ranged from 57%–76%, and methane generation was 220–280 mL/g COD contained in the wastewater, depending on the degree of dilution. When codigestion was tested, the composite consisting of total bleaching effluent, chemithermomechanical pulping effluent, and kraft condensate was most efficient in terms of COD removal (51%) and methane generation (200 mL/g COD contained in the wastewater). The total bleaching effluent is the largest contributor to the overall amount of wastewater at this mill; it contains relatively low concentrations of anaerobic inhibitors such as adsorbable organic halogens (36 mg/L), total sulfur (170 mg/L), and resin and fatty acids (3.2 mg/L). Therefore, the total bleaching effluent from hardwood kraft pulping may be considered for full-scale anaerobic wastewater treatment, either as a singular stream or as part of a composite stream including other in-mill effluents.
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S Tharakeswari, S. Tharakeswari, D. Saravanan D Saravanan, and Ashwini K. Agrawal and Manjeet Jassal Ashwini K Agrawal and Manjeet Jassal. "Kaolin-Calcium Carbonate-Titanium Dioxide (K-C-T) Composites for Decolourisation of Reactive Dye Effluent." Journal of the chemical society of pakistan 44, no. 6 (2022): 554. http://dx.doi.org/10.52568/001188/jcsp/44.06.2022.
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Synthetic dyes in textile effluents cause serious environmental and aquatic life hazards if discharged in water bodies without decolorisation and removal of toxic substances. Efforts have been made to produce composites of Kaolin-CaCO3-TiO2 (K-C-T Composite) using the proportions of 1:1:1, 1:2:1 and 1:1:2 through calcination and assess their potential to remove colour from the effluents of Reactive Black 5 dye. Photocatalytic-composite adsorbent has been characterised for morphological structure, phase determination, band gap and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy for colour removal and dye decomposition studies. Studies show a maximum of 82% and 80% colour removal efficiency using 1:1:1 and 1:1:2 proportions of K-C-T composites respectively, calcined at 1000 and#176;C. Surface area of the composite samples, state of titanium dioxide in the composite and band gap of the composite influences the colour removal from the effluent significantly.
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Biswas, Shanta, Taslim Ur Rashid, Tonmoy Debnath, Papia Haque, and Mohammed Mizanur Rahman. "Application of Chitosan-Clay Biocomposite Beads for Removal of Heavy Metal and Dye from Industrial Effluent." Journal of Composites Science 4, no. 1 (2020): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs4010016.
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In recent years, there has been increasing interest in developing green biocomposite for industrial wastewater treatment. In this study, prawn-shell-derived chitosan (CHT) and kaolinite rich modified clay (MC) were used to fabricate biocomposite beads with different compositions. Prepared composite beads were characterized by FTIR, and XRD, and SEM. The possible application of the beads was evaluated primarily by measuring the adsorption efficiency in standard models of lead (II) and methylene blue (MB) dye solution, and the results show a promising removal efficiency. In addition, the composites were used to remove Cr (VI), Pb (II), and MB from real industrial effluents. From tannery effluent, 50.90% of chromium and 39.50% of lead ions were removed by composites rich in chitosan and 31.50% of MB was removed from textile effluent by a composite rich in clay. Moreover, the composite beads were found to be activated in both acidic and basic media depending on their composition, which gives a scope to their universal application in dye and heavy metal removal from wastewater from various industries.
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Yıldız, G., G. Insel, E. U. Cokgor, and D. Orhon. "Respirometric assessment of biodegradation for acrylic fibre-based carpet finishing wastewaters." Water Science and Technology 55, no. 10 (2007): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2007.312.
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The paper evaluates biodegradation characteristics of wastewaters generated from acrylic fibre-based carpet processing and manufacturing. It involves detailed characterisation, respirometric modelling and kinetic description of dyeing and softening wastewater streams and the composite effluent. The wastewaters exhibit different COD content and fractionation. The resulting composite effluent has a total COD of 775 mgL−1, predominantly soluble and with a biodegradable fraction of 86%. In respirometric studies, the OUR profiles can only be calibrated with a dual hydrolysis model with rates significantly slower compared to domestic sewage and other textile plant effluents. Kinetic information derived from the experiments is applied for the conceptual evaluation of the treatability of the composite wastewater using two different continuous-flow activated sludge configurations.
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Kumar, V. Srivastava S. Chauhan R.K. Singh J. and Kumar P. "Contamination, enrichment and translocation of heavy metals in certain leafy vegetables grown in composite effluent irrigated soil." Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science 3, no. 3 (2018): 252–60. https://doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2018.030307.
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The present investigation was carried out to determine the contamination, enrichment and translocation of heavy metals in vegetables <em>viz.,</em> spinach (<em>Spinacia oleracea</em> L.), fenugreek (<em>Trigonella foenum-graecum </em>L.) and coriander (<em>Coriandrum sativum</em> L.) grown in the composite effluent (mixture of industrial and domestic wastewater) irrigated soil. The composite effluent of Hindon River was significantly (<em>P<0.05/P<0.01</em>) loaded with different physical (TDS, EC), chemical (pH, BOD<sub>5</sub>, COD, Cl <sup>–</sup>, TKN, PO<sub>4</sub><sup>3-</sup>, SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup>, Na<sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, Ca<sup>2+</sup>, Mg<sup>2+</sup>), heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, Zn) and microbial (total bacteria, total fungi, total coliform and yeast) parameters in comparison to the ground water. The composite effluent irrigation significantly (<em>P<0.05</em>) altered the soil characteristics like EC, pH, PO<sub>4</sub><sup>3-</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn and Pb in the soil used for the cultivation of <em>S. oleracea</em>, <em>T. foenum-graecum </em>and <em>C. sativum.</em> The composite effluent irrigation significantly increased the contents of Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb and Zn in the <em>S. oleracea</em>, <em>T. foenum-graecum </em>and <em>C. sativum</em>. The enrichment factor of Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb and Zn in vegetables was recorded to be plant part specific after irrigation with composite effluent. The enrichment factor of Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb and Zn were recorded in the order of Cd>Zn>Pb> Fe>Cr>Mn>Cu for <em>S. oleracea</em>, Cd>Zn>Fe>Mn>Pb>Cr>Cu for <em>T. foenum-graecum</em> and Cd>Zn>Pb>Fe>Cu>Mn>Cr for <em>C. sativum</em> after irrigation with composite effluent. Therefore, disposal of sewage and industrial effluents in the Hindon River must be strictly prohibited to save the existence of the Hindon River and irrigation practices using composite effluent should also be banned to prevent the possible health hazards due to consumption of contaminated vegetables.
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Yılmaz, E., and S. Fındık. "Sonocatalytic treatment of baker's yeast effluent." Journal of Water Reuse and Desalination 7, no. 1 (2016): 88–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wrd.2016.166.
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Baker's yeast effluent is a major source of pollution with a high organic load and dark colour. It can be treated by using advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). AOPs, such as ultrasonic irradiation, are ambient temperature processes involving the generation of free radicals. We have investigated sonocatalytic treatment of baker's yeast effluent by using ultrasound. TiO2–ZnO composites were used as sonocatalysts to increase the efficiency of the ultrasonic irradiation. The TiO2/ZnO composite was prepared by two different methods. Ultrasonic irradiation or mechanical stirring was used to prepare the TiO2–ZnO composite, and an ultrasonic homogenizer with a 20 kHz frequency was used to treat the baker's yeast effluent. We studied the effects of several parameters, including the molar ratio of TiO2/ZnO, calcination temperature, calcination time and catalyst amount, on the sonocatalytic treatment of the effluent. According to the results, the decolorization rate was 25% when using the composite TiO2/ZnO prepared at a 4:1 molar ratio and treated at 700 °C for 60 min, and the optimum catalyst amount was 0.15 g/l.
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Siti Samahani Suradi, Muhammad Zarif Hazim Kamaruzaman, Muhammad Izz Zakwan Mohd Dali, et al. "Modification of Agro-wastes Reinforced onto the PET Fabric for Decolorisation of Palm Oil Mill Effluent." Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Mechanics 115, no. 1 (2024): 107–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/aram.115.1.107116.
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The abundance of agricultural wastes from various industrialized processes has become one of the significant contributors to water pollution, particularly in the color of effluents from industrial-based palm oil mills. Inventively, this research focused on three different agro-wastes: pineapple leaves (PL), rice straw (RS), and empty fruit bunch (EFB) reinforced onto PET fabric composite and its decolorization performances by using palm oil mill final effluent discharged (POME-FED). The calcinated agro wastes/polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) reinforced onto the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fabrics were prepared by using the dip-coating technique and characterized via Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM-EDS), spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR), turbidity and color of POME-FED. It was found that the calcinated PL/PVDF/Fabric displayed the best performance in the turbidity and decolorization by 12.02 NTU, 760 ADMI, and ~60% color removal efficiency as compared with raw POME-FED (~1800 ADMI). Nevertheless, the decolorization efficiencies of RS/PVDF/Fabric and EFB/PVDF/Fabric had increased by ~37 % and ~49 %, respectively. It shows that the formation of a reinforcing layer on the PET fabric surface has improved the transparency of POME-FED. The SEM micrographs and the change of peaks at regions 1650 cm-1, 1450 cm-1, 1210 cm-1, and 990 cm-1 in composites' spectroscopies demonstrate the different patterns of these calcinated samples are various patterns that impart the strength of the composite fabric surface functionality and hydrophobicity. The reduction of the color value of effluent showed the hydrophobicity of the integrated palm oil waste coated with PET, which enables to trap of the particles in the effluent, thus this composite has potential use in the filtration of water treatment.
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Suradi, Siti Samahani, Muhammad Fauzan Syafi Mohamed Fouzi, Zainatul Umairah Zainal Abidin, et al. "Influence of Temperatures of Biochar Derived from Agro-waste onto Polyester Composite for improving the Water Effluent Discharge." E3S Web of Conferences 589 (2024): 06006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202458906006.
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The biochar-based rice straw (RS) is the agro-waste from rice production which is one of the significant contributors to pollution. This study focused on altering RS biochar on polyester/polyvinylidene fluoride (RS-g-polyester) composites to improve the quality of water final effluent from industrial-based palm oil mills. Alteration of RS biochar-g-polyester composites was investigated at various RS calcination temperatures ranging from 300-900°C. The RS biochar-g-polyester composites were prepared using a dip-coating technique and characterized via spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM-EDS), and tensile strength. Meanwhile, the performance of biochar RS-g-polyester composites was evaluated based on the pH, turbidity, and color removal of water effluent discharge. It was found that the biochar RS-g-polyester samples displayed different patterns in intensities and morphologies at different temperatures affecting the filtration of water effluent. Good interfacial compatibility of RS-g-polyester composite is also evidently seen via morphologies and mechanical properties. With consistent pH of waste effluent (8.83-8.89), the filtrate effluent discharge exhibits a significant reduction in color removal, 35% (~1150 ADMI), and turbidity, ~85% (0.9 8NTU) compared to initial water effluent discharge (~1800 ADMI). An increase in temperature has significantly improved the quality of water, thus it has potential use in the filtration of water treatment.
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Malik, D. S., P. K. Bharti, Rashmi Yadav, Pawan Kumar, and Praveen Chauhan. "Dispersion of heavy metals in textile effluent and pond environment in Panipat industrial area." Environment Conservation Journal 9, no. 3 (2008): 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.36953/ecj.2008.090317.
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The Panipat region is well known textile industrial zone of Northern India and have a large number of dye houses and textile processes units. The dyeing house industries uses a large volume of water for wet dip coloring process and draine most of the waste water as effluent. The effluent containing composite mixture of different pollutant in terms of heavy metals. Metal accumulation in sediments provides a record of the spatial and temporal history of pollution from surface water to ground water. The dispersion of heavy metals from textile effluents to adjoining pond system ultimately affect quality of water. The present study revealed that pond sediment found highly polluted regarding heavy metals load. Transfer factor for Fe, Mn, Ni and Pb was found very high in pond through open effluent drainage system.
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Ildirar, Didem, and Serap Findik. "Ultrasonic treatment of baker’s yeast effluent using SnO2/TiO2 composite." Polish Journal of Chemical Technology 19, no. 2 (2017): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pjct-2017-0023.
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Abstract In this study, ultrasonic treatment of baker’s yeast effluent was investigated in an ultrasonic homogenizer emitting waves at 20 kHz. The SnO2/TiO2 composites were used as a sonocatalyst to assist the sonication process. Decolorization and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal of baker’s yeast effluent with ultrasonic irradiation was examined. The effect of the composite preparation method, the molar ratio of SnO2/TiO2, mixing time while the composite was prepared, the calcination temperature and time, the catalyst amount were investigated. The decolorization was higher at a 4:1 molar ratio of the SnO2/TiO2 composite prepared by using an ultrasonic probe and 6 min ultrasonic irradiation time. The decolorization increased, with an increase in the calcination temperature. The optimum calcination time was 60 min and catalyst amount was 0.2 g/l. According to the results, decolorization rate was 26.63% using this composite. There was no COD removal at the studied conditions.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Composite effluent"
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Vafaee, Maedeh. "Conception, développement et caractérisation des fibres spécifiques activées (composite nanoweb) pour le traitement des rejets de l'industrie textile." Thesis, Mulhouse, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MULH3062.
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Dans cette recherche, dans un premier temps, un nouveau catalyseur a été synthétisé par une nouvelle méthode de combustion et il a été également caractérisé et mis en oeuvre dans un réacteur photo catalytique afin de dégrader les composés organiques. Puis, ces photo-catalyseurs ont été immobilisés sur la surface de non-tissés de nano fibres polyamide obtenues par le procédé d'électro-filage (electro-spinning) en utilisant une machine semi-industrielle. Ensuite, les comportements mécaniques de non tissés de nano-fibre de polyamide (PA) ont été étudiés à court et à long terme par test de traction et de fluage. Ceci a permis d'une part d'évaluer finement les propriétés des non tissés et d'autre part de modéliser leur comportement au moyen de modèles analogiques. Le modèle de Kelvin-Voigt généralisé a montré sa robustesse. Ces non tissés de nanofibres ont été installés sur 1a paroi du réacteur afin d'avoir un réacteur en inox à lit fixe et d'éviter des inconvénients d'un système hétérogène. Les résultats d'analyse des solutions, nous ont montré une dégradation favorable des composés organiques et les produits intermédiaires dans un système de circulation fermée. La mise sous pression du réacteur a confirmé, comme montré dans les essais mécaniques, que les propriétés mécaniques des fibres dopées étaient suffisantes pour supporter les contraintes mécaniques liées au flux du liquide<br>In this research, at first, a new catalyst was synthesized by a new combustion method and it was also characterized and applied in a photo-catalytic reactor to degrade the organic compounds. Then, these photocatalysts were immobilized on the surface of nonwovens of polyamide nano fibers obtained by the electro-spinning process using a semi-industrial machine. Then, the mechanical behaviors of polyamide (PA) nano-fiber nonwovens were studied in the short and long term by tensile and creep test. This allowed on the one hand to evaluate finely the properties of nonwovens and on the other hand to model their behavior on average of analog models. The generalized Kelvin-Voigt model has shown its robustness. They were installed on the reactor wall in order to have a stainless steel fixed bed reactor and to avoid the disadvantages of a heterogencous system. The solution analysis results showed us a favorable degradation of organic compounds and intermediate products in a closed circulation system. Pressurizing the reactor confirmed, as shown in the mechanical tests, that the mechanical properties of the doped fibers were sufficient to withstand the mechanical stresses associated with the flow of the Jiquid
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Louzada, Isabela Seixo de Brito [UNESP]. "Aplicação da água residuária tratada e de adubação com lodo de esgoto na cultura do crambe." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/144316.
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Previous issue date: 2016-09-02<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)<br>O uso de efluente de esgoto tratado e de lodo de esgoto compostado representam uma boa oportunidade para o setor agrícola de suprimento hídrico e nutricional às plantas, além da agricultura ser um destino adequado, seguro e benéfico desses resíduos quando corretamente manejados. Assim, objetivou-se com esse estudo avaliar o efeito da água residuária tratada e do lodo de esgoto compostado como substituto parcial, total e em doses superiores à adubação nitrogenada convencional, no solo e na cultura do crambe. O experimento foi conduzido em ambiente protegido em vasos de PVC com volume útil de 45,5 L, no Departamento de Solos e Recursos Ambientais, pertencente à Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas da Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (FCA/UNESP), Botucatu/SP, no período de julho à outubro de 2015. Foi utilizado um delineamento inteiramente casualizado em arranjo de parcelas subdivididas; nas parcelas foram empregados dois tipos de água para irrigação, água potável e efluente de esgoto tratado, e nas subparcelas sete níveis de adubação nitrogenada, totalizando quatorze tratamentos com dez repetições. Os tratamentos dentro de cada parcela são representados por: T0 – sem adubação nitrogenada; T1 – 100% de adubação nitrogenada mineral; T2 – 50% de adubação nitrogenada mineral + 50% adubação nitrogenada proveniente do lodo de esgoto compostado; e T3, T4, T5 e T6 correspondem à 100%, 150%, 200% e 250% da adubação nitrogenada proveniente do lodo de esgoto compostado, respectivamente. Os dados relativos às variáveis estudadas foram analisados estatisticamente por meio do software SISVAR e submetidos à análise de variância à 5% de probabilidade, sendo as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de significância. Optou-se por refazer a análise estatística dos tratamentos que receberam somente lodo de esgoto compostado, adotando-se a análise de regressão. O uso de efluente de esgoto tratado proporcionou incremento dos componentes desenvolvimento, rendimento e teor de óleo da semente. A substituição da adubação nitrogenada convencional pela adubação via lodo de esgoto compostado elevou o rendimento de grãos-planta, com melhor rendimento proporcionado pela dose máxima de N aplicada via lodo de esgoto compostado. O aumento das doses de lodo de esgoto no solo elevou o pH, a CTC, SB, V%, os teores de matéria orgânica, P, K, Ca, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn e Zn, e o uso de efluente de esgoto tratado os teores de Mg, S e Mn.<br>The usage of treated sewage effluent and composted sewage sludge represents a good opportunity for the agricultural sector of water supply and plant nutrition, besides being an adequate, safe and beneficial end for the agricultural for these residues when correctly handled. Thus, this study was aimed to evaluate the treated sewage effluent and the composted sewage sludge as a partial substitute, total and in doses superior to the conventional nitrogen fertilization, on the soil and on the crambe culture. The experiment was conducted in a protected environment of PVC vases with useful volume of 45,5L, at the Department of Soils and Environmental Resources of Agricultural Sciences Faculty, belonging to Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (FCA/UNESP), Botucatu/SP, between July and October of 2015. The experimental design was completely randomized in a split plot arrangement; using the plots two types of irrigation water, potable water and treated sewage effluent and the subplots seven levels of nitrogen fertilization, adding up fourteen treatments with ten repetitions. The treatments within each parcel are represented by: T0 – no nitrogen fertilization; T1 – 100% mineral nitrogen fertilization; T2 – 50% mineral nitrogen fertilizer; + 50% composted sewage sludge; and T3, T4, T5, T6 corresponding to 100%, 150%, 200% and 250% of nitrogen fertilizer from the composted sewage sludge, respectively. The data concerning the variables were analyzed statistically through the SISVAR software and were submitted to a variance analysis to 5% of probability, being those averages compared using the Tukey test to 5% of significance. It was opted to redo the statistical analysis of the treatments that only had received the composted sewage sludge, adopting the regression analysis. The use of treated sewage effluent provided increment of components development and production. The conventional nitrogen fertilization substitution by the composted sewage sludge fertilizer elevated the yield of grains–plant, with a better yield provided by the maximum dose of N applied through the composted sludge. In the soil, the increasing doses of sewage sludge elevated the pH, the CTC, SB, V%, content of organic matter, P, K, Ca, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn, and the usage of treated sewage effluent elevated the levels of Mg, S and Mn.
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Tribot, Amélie. "Valorisation de la "partie lignine" des effluents de prétraitement de biomasse forestière : élaboration et caractérisation d'agrocomposites." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020CLFAC030.
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La lignine est un polymère constitutif des parois pectocellulosiques des plantes vascularisées. Elle est un sous-produit, peu valorisé, de l’industrie papetière et du bioraffinage. En vue d’évaluer leur potentiel dans la filière des agrocomposites, des lignines commerciales (lignosulfonates de sodium et lignine Kraft) ont été mises en oeuvre en présence de rafle de maïs, une agro-ressource utilisée ici comme renfort fibreux naturel. Dans un premier temps, un procédé de compression-moulage a permis d’associer des lignosulfonates de sodium hydratés à des particules de rafles de maïs. L’impact de trois facteurs (granulométrie, taux de fibres et pression de compactage) sur les propriétés mécaniques en compression des agrocomposites a été mesuré. Bien que la réticulation des lignosulfonates de sodium par des laccases commerciales ait été mise en évidence en solution, l’ajout de ces enzymes aux formulations d’agrocomposites n’a pas amélioré leurs résistances mécaniques en flexion (valeur maximale de 5,3 MPa). Leurs propriétés d’isolation acoustique (indice d’affaiblissement acoustique de 60 dB) et leur conductivité thermique de 0,143 W.m - 1.K -1 permettent d’envisager des applications pour le secteur du bâtiment. Dans un second temps, neuf formulations de matériaux bio-sourcés ont été développées en associant par extrusion bi-vis puis injection plastique, une matrice polymère thermoplastique (acide polylactique et/ou poly(butylène succinate)), des lignines techniques (2,5 à 20 % (m/m) de lignine Kraft ou lignosulfonates de sodium) et/ou des particules de rafles de maïs (5 à 19 % (m/m)). L’ajout de lignine Kraft a permis d’augmenter la dureté des matériaux jusqu’à 50 % et de les rendre plus hydrophobes que l’acide polylactique. Néanmoins, les résistances mécaniques ont été diminuées (maximum 40 %) et les matériaux ont présenté des profils de rupture plus fragiles. En présence de rafles de maïs, le transfert des efforts de la matrice vers les fibres n’était pas optimal car des décohésions ont été détectées aux interfaces à la suite de sollicitations irréversibles en flexion. Ces matériaux bio-sourcés ont toutefois présenté des propriétés mécaniques et thermiques les rendant aptes à se substituer à des plastiques synthétiques tout en conférant une valeur ajoutée à des sous-produits d’industries agricole et forestière<br>Lignin is a polymeric constituent of vascular plants’ pectocellulosic walls. It is a by-product, poorly upgraded from pulp and paper, and biorefinery industries. To evaluate their potential in agrocomposites field, commercial lignins (sodium lignosulfonates and Kraft lignin) were processed along with corn cob, an agro-industrial residue used hereby as a natural fibre. Firstly, a compression-moulding process allowed the combination of hydrated sodium lignosulfonates and corn cob particles. The impact of three factors (particle size, fibre content, and compacting pressure) on compressive mechanical properties was measured. Although sodium lignosulfonates cross-linking by commercial laccases was highlighted in solution, addition of such enzymes to agrocomposites formulations did not improve their flexural strength (maximum value of 5.3 MPa). The acoustic insulation properties of agrocomposites (sound transmission loss of 60 dB) and their thermal conductivity of 0.143 W.m - 1.K -1 may suggest applications in the building sector. Secondly, nine formulations of bio-based materials were developed by twin-screw extrusion, and then injection moulding, combining a bio-based thermoplastic polymer matrix (polylactic acid and/or poly(butylene succinate)) with technical lignins (2.5 to 20% (m/m) Kraft lignin or sodium lignosulfonates), and corn cob particles (5 to 19% (m/m)). The addition of Kraft lignin led to increased hardness of the materials up to 50%, and more hydrophobicity compared to polylactic acid. Nevertheless, their mechanical strengths decreased (by a maximum of 40%), and materials exhibited a more brittle fracture profile. In the presence of corn cob, transfer of forces from matrix to fibres was not ideal since de-bonding was detected at the interfaces under irreversible flexural stress. However, these bio-based materials exhibited mechanical, and thermal properties that made them suitable for synthetic plastics substitution while adding value to by-products of agricultural, and forest industries
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Chipula, Grivin. "Optimising nutrient potential from compost and irrigation with wastewater to meet crop nutritional requirements." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2013. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/7951.
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Globally agricultural production is facing serious challenges to provide adequate food supply to meet a growing population. However, the reduced capacity of soil to support and sustain agricultural production as a result of soil fertility decline is impacting negatively on agricultural growth. Increase in the price of inorganic fertilisers and limited availability of nutrients from organic amendments has reduced progress in improving soil fertility. This research therefore aims at contributing knowledge towards evaluating the maximisation/optimisation of nutrients in compost and secondary treated sewage effluent (STSE) amended soils to meet the nutritional requirements of crops for sustainable crop production and environmental protection. STSE was irrigated on soils (sandy loam and clay loam) amended with greenwaste compost in soil incubation, glasshouse/pot and lysimeter studies. Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) was grown in the pots and lysimeter studies. The incubation experiment showed that for a clay loam, N mineralisation in treatments with STSE alone and combinations of compost and STSE was higher than the applied N. Increasing compost quantity in compost and STSE nutrient integration resulted in reduced net N mineralisation in the clay loam soil. In the sandy loam, increasing compost contribution in compost and STSE nutrient integration resulted in an increase in net N mineralisation. Cation exchange capacity, microbial diversity, quality of available carbon and drying and rewetting cycles influenced the net nitrogen mineralisation dynamics in both soil types. Increasing the contribution of STSE while reducing compost quantity resulted in increased nitrogen use efficiency and ryegrass dry matter yield. The environmental threat to ground and surface water pollution through NO3 --N leaching may be enhanced by the inclusion of STSE in integrated compost and STSE nutrient supply to plants. Similarly, the threat to eutrophication due to phosphorous leaching is likely to be higher with integration of compost and STSE. Ryegrass dry matter yield reduced with increasing compost contribution while the concentration of N in ryegrass herbage for the combinations of compost and STSE was above the minimum requirement for N in herbage for productive grazing and dairy cattle in the pot experiment. Using compost and STSE of similar characteristics, the ideal approach to maximise nutrient potential from compost through irrigation with STSE is when 25% compost is integrated with 75% STSE with respect to nitrogen supply.
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Willmott, Nicola Jane. "The use of bacteria-polymer composites for the removal of colour from reactive dye effluents." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1997. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.532909.
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Mees, Juliana Bortoli Rodrigues. "Uso de aguapé (Eichhornia crassipes) em sistema de tratamento de efluente de matadouro e frigorífico e avaliação de sua compostagem." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Parana, 2006. http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/334.
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Previous issue date: 2006-03-27<br>The objective of the recent research was to evaluate the water hyacinth performance (E. crassipes), applied in situ in a slaughter house treatment system, located in the west of the Paraná state, observing the nutrients removal
(nitrogen composts and total phosphorus), organic matter (COD and BOD), turbidity and suspended solids, obtaining as well data from the production, management and composting practices of the biomass generated in the system. The plants were introduced into the forth tank of the industry
stabilization lagoons system, covering 35m2 of the total area delimitated for the experiment: 870m2. During a period of 11 months (47 weeks) of water hyacinth development, physic and chemical parameters were monitored monthly and
meteorological parameters were monitored daily or weekly. In order to search information about the degradation of the water hyacinths removed from the treatment, another experiment was conduced in plant pilot. Eight composting
piles were built measuring approximately 0.60m3, with four distinct treatments that were done twice. The treatments were T1 - Water hyacinth (E. crassipes), T2 - Water hyacinth and swine excrement (7:1), T3 - Water hyacinth, swine
excrement and earth (7:1:0,67), T4 - Water hyacinth, swine excrement and cellulosic gut (7:1:0,67), for a period of 90 days. The temperature was monitored daily, and humidity, cinder, nitrogen and total organic carbon were monitored monthly. The result obtained, during 11 months, were promising and the efficient averages of 26.3% of COD and 32.5% of BOD removal were observed, with a maximum removal of 77.2% of COD and 77.87% of BOD.
About the nutrient removal, a 21.2% average of nitrogen removal was observed, with a maximum removal of 87.9%, an 11.0% average for ammoniac nitrogen, with maximum of 47.5%, and an 11.1% average and maximum of 38.9% for
total phosphorus, during an average of 5 days of retention. An increase in the water turbidity was noticed during the months of high pluviometric precipitation; however, the efficiency of the process was positive during all the monitoring
period, with a maximum removal of 58.1%. Considering the C/N relation as a compost maturity indicator, the T4 treatment (water hyacinth, swine excrement and cellulosic gut) had the shorter period of stabilization: 60 days.<br>O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o desempenho da macrófita aquática (Eichhornia crassipes), aplicada in situ em sistema de tratamento de um matadouro e frigorífico, localizado no Oeste do Estado do Paraná, com relação à remoção de nutrientes (formas de nitrogênio e fósforo total), matéria orgânica (DBO e DQO), turbidez e sólidos sedimentáveis, bem como obter dados da produção, de práticas de manejo e compostagem da biomassa gerada no sistema. As plantas foram introduzidas na quarta célula do sistema de lagoas de estabilização da indústria, ocupando 35m2 da área total delimitada para o experimento: 870m2. Durante o período de 11 meses (47 semanas) de
desenvolvimento das macrófitas na lagoa, realizou-se o monitoramento de parâmetros físico-químicos, analisados com freqüência mensal e parâmetros meteorológicos, coletados com freqüência diária e/ou semanal. Com intuito de
buscar informações sobre a degradação das macrófitas retiradas do sistema de tratamento, foi conduzido um experimento em planta piloto, montando-se oito leiras de compostagem com aproximadamente 0,60m3, com quatro tratamentos distintos, sendo: T1 - Aguapé (E. crassipes), T2 - Aguapé e dejeto suíno (7:1), T3 - Aguapé, dejeto suíno e terra (7:1:0,67), T4 - Aguapé, dejeto suíno e tripa
celulósica (7:1:0,67), por um período de 90 dias, monitorando-se semanalmente a temperatura, e mensalmente a umidade, cinzas, nitrogênio e carbono orgânico total. Os resultados obtidos, durante os 11 meses do experimento, foram promissores e observou-se uma eficiência media de
remoção de DQO de 26,3% e de DBO de 32,5%, com remoção máxima de DQO de 77,2% e de DBO de 77,8%. Em relação aos nutrientes, observou-se uma remoção média de nitrogênio total de 21,2% com máxima de 87,9%, de nitrogênio amoniacal de 11,0% com máxima de 47,5% e de fósforo total de 11,1% com máxima de 38,9%, para um tempo médio de retenção de cinco dias. Com relação à turbidez, observou-se aumento da turbidez afluente nos meses com maior índice de precipitação pluviométrica, contudo a eficiência
manteve-se positiva durante todo período de monitoramento, com remoção máxima de 58,1%. Considerando a relação C/N como um indicador da maturidade do composto, observou-se que o tratamento T4 (aguapé, dejeto e tripa celulósica) obteve o menor período de estabilização do composto
orgânico: 60 dias.
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Jia, Zixian. "Elaboration des matériaux composites nanostructurés Ag, Au/TiO² pour la dépollution des effluents gazeux avec une activation par plasma." Thesis, Paris 13, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA132050.
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Au cours de ce travail de thèse, nous avons développé un procédé plasma-catalyse d'élimination de l'acétaldéhyde en utilisant un processus diphasique couplant un catalyseur nano-structuré et a plasma à la pression atmosphérique. L’élaboration du catalyseur nanostructuré a été d'abord étudiée. Puis la performance de dégradation du polluant a été étudiée. Les nanoparticules monodispersées (titane-oxo-alcoxy) sont générées dans le réacteur de sol-gel avec micro-mélange turbulent et déposés sur des plaques de verre ou des billes de verre comme monocouches nanostructurées. Le dépôt de l'argent et de l'or est réalisé par la réduction des ions sous l’irradiation de UV-A. La cinétique de croissance photocatalytiques et de la morphologie des nanoparticules sont étudiés expérimentalement par les méthodes MET, MEB et AFM. Il est également intéressant de discuter du mécanisme de la formation des nanoparticules et d'évaluer son efficacité quantique. Les conclusions expérimentales sont supportées théoriquement par le calcul des spectres d'absorption. Ensuite l'efficacité du processus de couplage d'une décharge à barrière diélectrique et d’un lit fluidisé d'argent et d’or nanostructurés, pour la dégradation d'un polluant modèle (acétaldéhyde CH₃CHO), est étudiée. Dans la première partie, l'efficacité du procédé plasma seul est discutée, en termes de dégradation des polluants et de production de CO et CO₂. Dans la deuxième partie, la dégradation de CH₃CHO ainsi que la production COx sont étudié en fonction du temps de réduction photocatalytique d’Ag+ et d’Au³⁺ ions, qui est liée à la masse d'argent et d’or déposée. Les voies de dégradation des polluants, notamment la chimie homogène dans la phase de plasma et la chimie hétérogène sur la surface, sont discutées. Enfin, la production des sous-produits principaux est présentées et comparées entre les catalyseurs Ag et Au<br>During this Phd work, we have developed a plasma-catalytic process of acetaldehyde removal using a diphasic process coupling a nano-structured catalyst and an atmospheric pressure plasma. The elaboration of the nanoparticulate catalyst has been firstly studied. Then its performance coupling with plasma has been investigated. The monodispersed titanium-oxo-alkoxy nanoparticles are generated in the sol-gel reactor with turbulent micromixing and deposited onto glass plates or glass balls as monolayer nanocoatings. The silver and gold deposition is achieved by the ions reduction at UV-A light illumination. The photocatalytic growth kinetics and nanoparticle morphology are studied experimentally by the TEM, SEM and AFM methods. It’s also interesting to discuss the mechanism of the nanoparticles formation and evaluate its quantum efficiency. The drawn conclusions are supported theoretically through the calculation of the absorption spectra. Then the efficiency of the process coupling a dielectric barrier discharge and a fluidized nanostructured silver and gold based bed for the degradation of a model pollutant (acetaldehyde CH₃ CHO) is studied. In the first part, the efficiency of the plasma alone process is discussed, in terms of pollutant removal and CO and CO₂ production. In the second part, CH₃ CHO removal as well as COx production is studied as a function of the photocatalytic reduction time of Ag⁺ and Au³⁺ ions, which is related to the deposited silver and gold mass. The pollutant removal pathways, including homogeneous chemistry in the plasma phase and heterogeneous chemistry on the surface, are discussed. Finally, the production of main by-products is presented and compared between Ag and Au catalysts
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Faverial, Julie. "Compostage et vermicompostage des effluents d'elevage : une alternative durable pour le recyclage des dechets d'origine animale." Thesis, Antilles, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ANTI0047/document.
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En Guadeloupe, l'utilisation de composts se heurte à de nombreux freins, aussi bien en termes de leur qualité qu’en termes d’un manque de plateformes de compostage à grande échelle et de proximité. Des études récentes ont montré que la qualité des composts locaux était plus faible qu’en milieu tempéré, ce qui constituerait un verrou majeur à l’adoption de la pratique et l’utilisation des composts industriels locaux. Pourtant, les objectifs de valorisation des déchets organiques fixés par les instances publiques sont ambitieux et le gisement local, bien que diffus et actuellement mal géré ou négligé, présenterait un réel intérêt pour la profession agricole à être orienté vers la valorisation biologique telle que le compostage. Dans ce contexte, l’objectif de ce travail était d'évaluer la qualité des composts élaborés en milieu tropical et d'apporter des éléments factuels pour son amélioration et, plus spécifiquement, d’apporter de l’information sur les potentialités agronomiques du compostage des effluents d’élevage en Guadeloupe, présentant ainsi le compostage comme une alternative durable pour le recyclage des déchets d’origine animale.Une méta-analyse de 442 composts d'origine diverse, la première réalisée sur le sujet, nous a permis de démontrer que les composts produits en milieu tropical présentent des teneurs en carbone, azote, potassium et fraction soluble de la matière organique plus faibles que celles des composts produits en milieu tempéré, et que cela pourrait notamment être dû à l’influence des conditions climatiques lors du compostage. En revanche, nous avons pu mettre en évidence que certaines matières premières permettaient l’obtention de composts de meilleure qualité quelque soit le climat considéré, il s’agissait entre autres des effluents d’élevage.Les résultats issus d'une série d’expérimentations menée sur la production de composts d’effluents d’élevage avec co-compostage et vermicompostage ont été traités avec une approche méthodologique innovante dans ce domaine, les Réseaux Bayésiens. L’évaluation réalisée sur le co-compostage effluents/déchets verts nous a permis d’identifier l’"effet de concentration" du carbone et de la lignine, comme celui qui définit la qualité des composts en termes de quantité et de stabilité de la matière organique. En revanche, dans le cas des nutriments, seule la qualité des matières premières a été identifiée comme le facteur déterminant de la qualité des produits finaux. Ces résultats nous ont amené à considérer les effluents d’élevage de bovin comme la matière première la plus efficace pour produire des co-composts de qualité satisfaisante, répondant à la problématique d’usure de la matière organique des sols guadeloupéens et permettant de satisfaire les attentes de la profession agricole.De plus des expérimentations réalisées sur les composts domestiques ont montré que la gamme analysée présentait une variabilité trop importante pour être considérée comme acceptable par la profession agricole. Le compostage domestique peut permettre de produire des composts de bonne qualité agronomique à utiliser à la petite échelle des jardins particuliers et des jardins créoles<br>In Guadeloupe, the practice of composting faces many obstacles and preconceptions both in terms of quality and in terms of lack of large-scale composting plants as well as local composting facilities. Recent studies have shown that the quality of local composts was lower compared to those from temperate regions. This constitutes an important constraint for the adoption of the former by farmers. However, organic waste recovery targets set by the government are ambitious and local resources, although diffused and currently poorly managed or neglected would be of real interest for the farming profession by being directed towards organic recycling such as composting. In this context, the aim of this thesis was to evaluate the quality of compost produced in the tropics, provide factual elements for improvement and, more specifically, to provide information on the agronomic potential of composting livestock manure in Guadeloupe, presenting composting as a sustainable alternative for the recycling of animal waste.A meta-analysis of 442 composts from various sources, the first one to be conducted on the subject enabled us to demonstrate that composts produced in the tropics present lower contents of carbon, nitrogen, potassium and soluble fraction of organic matter than those produced in temperate environments. This could especially be due to the influence of climatic conditions during composting. However, we were able to show that some raw materials allow better quality composts whatever the considered climate, especially the case of livestock manure.A series of experiments conducted on the production of livestock manure composts with co-composting and vermicomposting were treated with an innovative methodological approach in this field, the Bayesian Networks. The evaluation carried out on co-composting has allowed us to identify that the "concentration effect" was the main factor affecting compost quality in terms of amount and stability of organic matter. While in the case of nutrients, only the quality of raw materials has been identified as the determining factor affecting the quality of the end products. These results led us to consider manure, mainly cattle manure, as the most efficient feedstock for producing satisfactory quality composts, meeting the needs of loss of soil organic matter in Guadeloupe and the needs of the farming profession.Further experiments performed on household composts showed that their quality exhibited a too important variability to be considered acceptable by farmers. Our results indicate that household composts could be suitable for use in small-scale private gardens and Creole gardens
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Hostachy, Jean-Christophe. "Réduction de la charge polluante des effluents du blanchiment de la pate à papier par un traitement à l'ozone." Grenoble INPG, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPG0167.
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Le traitement a l'ozone peut constituer une voie interessante pour la reduction de la toxicite des effluents du blanchiment de la pate a papier. La mise au point du procede d'ozonation s'est attachee a definir les limites du traitement a l'ozone en etudiant l'influence des principaux parametres experimentaux et d'addition de catalyseurs. Dans les conditions les plus favorables, c'est-a-dire a ph alcalin et avec une charge de reactif suffisamment elevee, la reduction des aox atteint 90%. L'effet de l'ozonation sur la charge polluante des effluents a montre, par contre, que les resultats concernant l'abattement de la dco et de la dbo5 sont nettement insuffisants pour esperer concurrencer les performances d'un traitement biologique. Toutefois, l'application d'une charge en ozone tres faible permet l'elimination de la toxicite aigue et des derives chlorophenoliques. Une etude complete de l'effet de l'ozonation sur un effluent industriel a montre que, pour une charge en ozone d'environ 1 kg par tonne de pate blanchie, le traitement a l'ozone permet une augmentation de 35% de la biodegradabilite, l'elimination de la toxicite aigue et la destruction de la majorite des composes chlorophenoliques. En parallele, la caracterisation d'une partie des composes toxiques et l'etude de la reactivite de l'ozone ont ete etudiees. La tres grande oxydabilite des chlorocatechols a ph alcalin a permis d'expliquer la correlation entre la disparition de ces derives et la reduction de la toxicite aigue. Enfin, le pentachlorophenol utilise comme compose modele a ete ozone dans differentes conditions operatoires. Les mecanismes impliques dans l'attaque de l'ozone et des radicaux issus de sa decomposition ont pu etre determines dans leurs grandes lignes
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Makhloufi, Camel. "Étude expérimentale et modélisation d'un procédé de captage en CO2 en postcombustion par l'ammoniaque à l'aide de contacteurs membranaires : du matériau à l'évaluation de l'intensification de l'absorption." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LORR0318/document.
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L'absorption du CO2 à l'ammoniaque au sein d'une colonne garnie est une technologie prometteuse pour capter le CO2 en postcombustion. La fuite d'NH3 engendrée par la volatilité de ce solvant gêne néanmoins le déploiement de ce procédé. Dans cette étude, la faculté des contacteurs membranaires à permettre des performances d'absorption du CO2 intensifiées et des pertes en NH3 réduites par rapport au procédé conventionnel est évaluée. Pour cela, l'emploi de fibres composites innovantes constituées d'une peau dense assurant un transport sélectif du CO2 vis-à-vis de NH3 a été proposé. Compte tenu des propriétés de ces molécules, aucun matériau ne présentait jusqu'alors de sélectivité de séparation favorable au CO2. Des essais de temps-retards ont permis de révéler 6 matériaux fluorés présentant les propriétés de sélectivités inverses recherchées. Le Teflon AF2400, polymère hautement perméable au CO2, a été choisi pour constituer les fibres creuses composites employées lors d'expériences d'absorption. Leurs performances ont été comparées à celles de contacteurs commerciaux microporeux (Oxyphan) et composites (Oxyplus) pour différentes conditions opératoires. Alors qu'aucune expérience stable n'a pu être achevée avec les contacteurs microporeux du fait de la précipitation de sels d'ammonium, les contacteurs composites ont permis des performances de capture supérieures aux objectifs fixés. La modélisation 2D du transfert de matière a permis de révéler le rôle prépondérant du support microporeux dans les performances d'absorption observées. Enfin, une intensification élevée des performances d'absorption du CO2 et des pertes en NH3 fortement réduites par rapport au procédé conventionnel ont pu être démontrées<br>Aqueous ammonia as a solvent for post-combustion CO2 capture in a packed column is seen as a promising technology. Nevertheless, ammonia volatility is a considerable drawback for its large scale deployment. In this study, the ability of hollow fiber membrane contactors to significantly improve CO2 mass transfer performances while mitigating ammonia losses when compared to packed column is evaluated. In that purpose, the use of innovating composite fibers made of a thin dense layer selective for CO2 over NH3 is proposed. Up to now, a faster permeation of CO2 compared to NH3 in dense polymers was totally unexpected and to our knowledge unexplored. Time-lag experiments have revealed a series of 6 fluorinated structures showing the desired reverse selectivity properties. Teflon AF2400 has been selected as the dense skin of composite fibers used during absorption experiments. Their performances have been compared, for different operating conditions, to those given by commercial microporous (Oxyphan) and composite (Oxyplus) membrane contactors. Due to ammonium salt precipitation issues, no stable experiment has been achieved using microporous membrane contactors. At the opposite, absorption efficiencies higher than post-combustion capture standards have been reached using composite membrane contactors. 2D mass transfer modeling has revealed the controlling role of the microporous support in the observed absorption performances. Finally, high CO2 mass transfer intensification factor and drastically reduced ammonia losses have been shown
Books on the topic "Composite effluent"
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Kumar, Amit. Photocatalysis. Edited by Gaurav Sharma. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644901359.
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Photocatalysis is important in fighting environmental pollution, such as pharmaceutical effluents, dyes, pesticides and endocrine disruptors. It is also used for the production of clean energy, e.g. by way of hydrogen production from watersplitting, or CO2 conversion into fuels. Further, photocatalytic N2 fixation is promising for achieving sustainable ammonia synthesis. The book discusses new materials and reaction engineering techniques, such as heterojunction formations, composites, ion exchangers, photocatalytic membranes, etc.
Book chapters on the topic "Composite effluent"
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Zhang, Yi He, Yau Shan Szeto, Shao Jian Ke, Wei Tan, and Li Bing Liao. "Dyeing and Finishing Effluent Treatment with Chitosan/Inorganic Composites." In Advances in Composite Materials and Structures. Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-427-8.1069.
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Afolalu, S. A., O. Okwilagwe, O. O. Yusuf, O. R. Oloyede, S. O. Banjo, and F. Ademuyiwa. "Overview of Nano-agro-composite Additives for Wastewater and Effluent Treatment." In Green Energy and Technology. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95820-6_19.
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Abeysinghe, Hansini, and Thusitha N. B. Etampawala. "Clay–Polymer Adsorbents for the Treatment of Industrial Effluents." In Clay Composites. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-2544-5_14.
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Kanjwal, Muzafar A., and Faheem A. Sheikh. "Composites of Ceramic and Polymeric Nanofibers for Photocatalytic Degradation of Dairy Effluent." In Application of Nanotechnology in Biomedical Sciences. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5622-7_8.
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Chatterjee, Somak, and Ankit Pal. "Application of Composite Membrane-Based Technology in Treatment of Textile Industry Effluents." In Environmental Science and Engineering. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-48150-5_13.
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Anirudhan, T. S., and J. R. Deepa. "Multicarboxyl -Functionalized Nanocellulose/Nanobentonite Composite for the Effective Removal and Recovery of Uranium (VI), Thorium (IV), and Cobalt (II) from Nuclear Industry Effluents and Sea Water." In Handbook of Composites from Renewable Materials. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119441632.ch165.
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"Purification of Industrial Effluent by Ultrafiltration Ceramic Membrane based on Natural Clays and Starch Powder." In Carbonaceous Composite Materials. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781945291975-7.
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Kumarasamy, Gayathri, Sathishkumar Samiyappan, and Nirmaladevi Samiappan. "FUNCTIONALIZED POLYACRYLAMIDE/GRAPHITE COMPOSITES AS AN ADSORBENTS FOR THE DECOLOURISATION OF SYNTHETIC DYES AND DYEING INDUSTRY EFFLUENT FROM FABRIC PROCESSING UNITS." In Futuristic Trends in Chemical Material Sciences & Nano Technology Volume 3 Book 16. Iterative International Publishers, Selfypage Developers Pvt Ltd, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.58532/v3bjcs16p1ch2.
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In this study we have compared the decolourisation of dyeing industry effluents collected in fabric processing units and synthetic dyes like direct blue 2b, acid violet 17, reactive red M5B and methylene blue 9 from aqueous solution using functionalized polyacrylamide/graphite composites such as glucose grafted polyacrylamide/graphite, glucosamine grafted polyacrylamide/graphite and commercial activated carbon as adsorbents. The adsorption studies are performed by varying the experimental parameters like temperature, time, adsorbate concentration and adsorbent dose. The various physicochemical parameters of dyeing industry effluents such as colour, pH, conductivity, total dissolved solids, hardness, alkalinity, chloride, sulphate, dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand and bio-chemical oxygen demand of the effluents are analyzed before and after adsorption by the standard methods. It is observed that the synthesized adsorbents show more efficiency towards the removal of synthetic dyes from aqueous solution than the decolourisation of dyeing industry effluent. The amount of adsorbents required and cost analysis to treat 10 M3 of effluent is also studied and compared with commercial activated carbon.
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Choudhury, Tanushree. "Clay Hybrid Membranes in Wastewater Treatment." In Clay and Clay Minerals [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99075.
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Most of NF membranes which are developed recently are composite membranes, whose support layer is covered with an active layer. Among different ceramic support materials that are currently used as support layer, α-alumina supports are integral part of the membrane which is made of artificial materials like alumina and thus adds to the high price of the membrane. This draws our attention in making low cost support material of natural clay which aims to be an excellent membrane support as it possesses high mechanical strength, high permeability, narrow pore size distribution and low manufacturing cost. Titania as active layer for ceramic membrane is preferred over Al2O3 membranes. One of the problems encountered when photocatalysts are immobilized on support is the detachment of the micro particles from the support for high flow rates of liquid effluent. This can be overcome by using Montmorillonite clay as support material as it is a great binder.
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Singh, Rohini, and Suman Dutta. "Visible Light Active Nanocomposites for Photocatalytic Applications." In Composites and Advanced Materials for Industrial Applications. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5216-1.ch012.
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This chapter explores the concept of visible light active nanocomposites for the enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen generation and dye degradation. Since the late 1960s, A. Fujishima has been involved in unfolding the fascinating characteristics of titanium dioxide (TiO2) as semiconductor oxide. The increased growth in population and industrial development has tremendously increased the generation of waste products and consumption of energy worldwide. This situation creates an immense need of clean and sustainable alternative sources of energy. Hydrogen, having a high energy capacity, is considered as a reliable fuel for the future energy requirements. In addition to that, due to the rapid industrialisation, our water is being contaminated with various harmful industrial effluents. This chapter illustrates the significance of visible light nanocomposites for the photocatalytic application of hydrogen generation for future energy security and dye degradation for the effective effluent treatment of textile industries.
Conference papers on the topic "Composite effluent"
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Pole, Prith, and Vinod S. Agarwala. "Photostripping of Rotor Blades a Non-Hazardous Zero VOC Process." In CORROSION 2006. NACE International, 2006. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2006-06260.
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Abstract An environment-friendly method, Photostrip, for stripping organic coatings has been developed. This process works in conjunction with UV/IR light and an environmentally benign aqueous stripping medium that facilitates the debonding and peel-off of the coating from the coating/substrate interface. Generally, the stripped coating is obtained in a solid, compact mass. Further, the liquid effluent from the process is largely water, thus poses no disposal problems. This photochemical process has been tested on a variety of coatings including polyurethane, epoxy, acrylic, and lacquer formulations. It strips these coatings from many types of metallic, non-metallic, or composite surfaces with equal felicity. The process can be designed and configured to varying degrees of automation, and once the operational parameters are set, it can be left unattended. A prototype, automated booth has been operational in our laboratory to strip paint from components such as radomes, parts of fuselage, and pieces of rotor blades.
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Agarwala, Vinod S., Krishnan Rajeshwar, and Prith Pole. "Photostrip: An Innovative Paint Stripping Technology." In CORROSION 2003. NACE International, 2003. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2003-03216.
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Abstract An environment-friendly method for stripping paint has been developed. This process works in conjunction with UV light and an environmentally benign aqueous stripping medium that facilitates the debonding and peel-off of the paint from the underlying substrate. Generally, the stripped paint is obtained in a solid, compact mass unlike in chemical stripping and PMB procedures. Further, the liquid effluent from the process is largely water, thus posing no disposal problems. This process has been tested with a variety of coatings including polyurethane, epoxy, acrylic, and lacquer formulations. It strips these coatings from many types of metallic and non-metallic or composite surfaces with equal felicity. The process can be configured to varying degrees of automation, and once the operational parameters are set, it can be left unattended. A prototype unit has been designed and fabricated to strip paint from components such as radomes, fuselage, and rotor blades. This unit features automated operation of the light source, a tray unit that holds the item to be stripped, and the chemical delivery components.
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Bishop, Todd, and Terry W. Cowley. "Corrosion-Resistant Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic Composites for Chlorine Dioxide Environments." In CORROSION 1994. NACE International, 1994. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1994-94423.
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Abstract Chlorine dioxide is used in large quantities by pulp mills as a substitute for chlorine and sodium hypochlorite in bleaching processes in order to reduce chlorinated organic matter in effluent streams. Although offering many advantages, chlorine dioxide is corrosive to many affordable materials of construction. An evaluation of corrosion resistant FRP composites has been and is being conducted in actual chlorine dioxide applications. The FRP composites' resistance to attack and the evaluation methods are described.
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Mohan, Vidit, Ashwin P. Ramesh, Anirudh Toshniwal, and Prakhar Mohan. "Composite Material Pipes for Transportation of Effluent and Hydrocarbon." In ASME 2015 India International Oil and Gas Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/iogpc2015-7955.
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The objective of this paper is to evaluate current and potential use of composite pipe especially Glass Reinforced Epoxy (GRE) for transportation of effluent and hydrocarbon in onshore field. This paper brings out the followings: 1. Details of composite pipes along with its advantages like corrosion resistance, less weight, low maintenance requirement and better flow characteristics etc. compared to conventional steel. 2. Comparison of composite material pipes to conventional CS pipes. 3. Standards, specifications & recommended practices for use of GRE pipelines. 4. Current and planned use of GRE pipes in India. 5. Repair and maintenance of GRE pipelines. 6. Limitations of use of GRE pipes for hydrocarbon transportation. 7. Safety and environmental considerations for use of GRE pipelines. 8. Regulatory framework for use of GRE pipeline in India.
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Zhu, Fang, Wenzhen Jia, and Changmiao Shi. "Notice of Retraction: Advanced Treatment of Composite Coagulant to A/O Bio-Reactor Effluent from Coking Wastewater." In 2011 5th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbbe.2011.5781095.
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Arumugam, Veknesh, and Muhammad Heikal Ismail. "Synthesizing Green Chitosan-Magnetic Composite Particles From Fenneropenaeus indicus sp. for Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) Pre-Treatment." In Third International Conference on Separation Technology 2020 (ICoST 2020). Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aer.k.201229.028.
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Aravinthkumar, K., P. Deepan, and C. Raja Mohan. "Facile construction of FeWO4/MWCNT composite to effectively degrade the textile effluent and refractory pharmaceutical pollutants under white light." In 3RD PROCESS SYSTEMS ENGINEERING & SAFETY (PROSES) SYMPOSIUM 2023. AIP Publishing, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0248974.
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Agbasimalo, Nnamdi, and Mileva Radonjic. "Experimental Study of the Impact of Drilling Fluid Contamination on the Integrity of Cement-Formation Interface." In ASME 2012 31st International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2012-84237.
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Primary cementing is performed during drilling and completion of wells mainly to provide zonal isolation. Ideally, 100% drilling fluid displacement should be achieved during cementing. This is difficult to achieve and some mud is left on the wellbore walls. This study investigates the effect of the undisplaced mud on the integrity of the cement-formation interface. Flow-through experiments were conducted at 14.48 MPa (2100 psi) overburden pressure and temperature of 22° C (72° F) with cement-sandstone composite cores and brine at a flow rate of 1 ml/min. The cement-sandstone composite cores had 0% and 10% drilling mud contamination respectively. Variations in the permeability of the composite cores were recorded throughout the flow-through experiments by measuring the pressure drop across the composite cores. The composite cores were characterized before and after the flow-through experiments to delineate the alterations in the composite cores due to the flow-through experiments. Higher pH values were observed in the effluent brine from the 10% mud contaminated core than the 0% mud contaminated core due to increased dissolution of cement. Microtomography revealed higher porosity at the interface zone of the 10% mud contaminated core. These show that mud contamination has a deleterious effect on the cement-sandstone interface and may create pathways for inter-zonal communication.
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Gokon, Nobuyuki, Tatsuya Kodama, Shingo Yamashita, Tsuyoshi Hatamachi, and Taebeom Seo. "Molten-Salt Tubular Absorber/Reformer (MoSTAR) Project: Reforming Performance of Reactor Tubes During Intermittent Heating." In ASME 2010 4th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2010-90114.
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Reforming performances for the double-walled reactor tubes with Na2CO3/MgO composite thermal storage was examined by an intermittent heating. The intermittent heating of the reactor tubes is composed of the heat-discharge (or cooling) mode and the subsequent heating mode. The heat-discharging mode simulates a fluctuating insolation for cloud passages. The heating mode simulates a heating of reactor due to concentrated solar radiation by using an electric furnace. The internal tube of the reactor was packed with the 2wt%Ru/Al2O3 catalyst balls while the thermal storage materials were filled in the annular region of the reactor tubes. The reactor was heated up to 920°C in the cylindrical electric furnace and the CH4/CO2 mixture was fed into the internal catalyst tube at gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) of 12500 h−1. Through the cooling mode and the subsequent heating mode, temperature variations of reactor tubes, catalyst and composite material, H2/CO ratio variations of effluent gas from the reactor, higher heating value (HHV) power of reformed gas were respectively examined for the double-walled reactor tubes and a single-wall reactor tube without the thermal storage.
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Rodgers, David A. T., and Fred D. Lang. "Performance Improvements at the Boardman Coal Plant as a Result of Testing and Input/Loss Monitoring." In 2002 International Joint Power Generation Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijpgc2002-26026.
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This paper presents methods and practices of improving heat rate through testing and, most importantly, through heat rate monitoring. This work was preformed at Portland General Electric’s 585 MWe Boardman Coal Plant, which used two very different Powder River Basin and Utah coals ranging from 8,100 to over 12,500 Btu/lbm. Such fuel variability, common now among coal-fired units was successfully addressed by Boardman’s on-line monitoring techniques. Monitoring has evolved over the past ten years from a Controllable Parameters approach (offering disconnected guidance), to a systems approach in which fuel chemistry and heating value are determined on-line, their results serving as a bases for Second Law analysis. At Boardman on-line monitoring was implemented through Exergetic System’s Input/Loss Method. Boardman was one of the first half-dozen plants to fully implement Input/Loss. This paper teaches through discussion of eight in-plant examples. These examples discuss heat rate improvements involving both operational configurations and plant components: from determining changes in coal chemistry and composite heating value on-line; to recognizing the impact of individual rows of burners and pulverizer configurations; to air leakage identifications; to examples of hour-by-hour heat rate improvements; comparison to effluent flows; etc. All of these cases have applicability to any coal-fired unit.
Reports on the topic "Composite effluent"
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Litaor, Iggy, James Ippolito, Iris Zohar, and Michael Massey. Phosphorus capture recycling and utilization for sustainable agriculture using Al/organic composite water treatment residuals. United States Department of Agriculture, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2015.7600037.bard.
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Objectives: 1) develop a thorough understanding of the sorption mechanisms of Pi and Po onto the Al/O- WTR; 2) determine the breakthrough range of the composite Al/O-WTR during P capturing from agro- wastewaters; and 3) critically evaluate the performance of the composite Al/O-WTR as a fertilizer using selected plants grown in lysimeters and test-field studies. Instead of lysimeters we used pots (Israel) and one- liter cone-tainers (USA). We conducted one field study but in spite of major pretreatments the soils still exhibited high enough P from previous experiments so no differences between control and P additions were noticeable. Due to time constrains the field study was discontinued. Background: Phosphorous, a non-renewable resource, has been applied extensively in fields to increase crop yield, yet consequently has increased the potential of waterway eutrophication. Our proposal impetus is the need to develop an innovative method of P capturing, recycling and reuse that will sustain agricultural productivity while concurrently reducing the level of P discharge from and to agricultural settings. Major Conclusions & Achievements: An innovative approach was developed for P removal from soil leachate, dairy wastewater (Israel), and swine effluents (USA) using Al-based water treatment residuals (Al- WTR) to create an organic-Al-WTR composite (Al/O-WTR), potentially capable of serving as a P fertilizer source. The Al-WTR removed 95% inorganic-P, 80% to 99.9% organic P, and over 60% dissolved organic carbon from the agro-industrial waste streams. Organic C accumulation on particles surfaces possibly enhanced weak P bonding and facilitated P desorption. Analysis by scanning electron microscope (SEM- EDS), indicated that P was sparsely sorbed on both calcic and Al (hydr)oxide surfaces. Sorption of P onto WW-Al/O-WTR was reversible due to weak Ca-P and Al-P bonds induced by the slight alkaline nature and in the presence of organic moieties. Synchrotron-based microfocused X-ray fluorescence (micro-XRF) spectrometry, bulk P K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy (XANES), and P K-edge micro-XANES spectroscopy indicated that adsorption was the primary P retention mechanism in the Al- WTR materials. However, distinct apatite- or octocalciumphosphatelike P grains were also observed. Synchrotron micro-XRF mapping further suggested that exposure of the aggregate exteriors to wastewater caused P to diffuse into the porous Al-WTR aggregates. Organic P species were not explicitly identified via P K-edge XANES despite high organic matter content, suggesting that organic P may have been predominantly associated with mineral surfaces. In screen houses experiments (Israel) we showed that the highest additions of Al/O-WTR (5 and 7 g kg⁻¹) produced the highest lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. longifolial) yield. Lettuce yield and P concentration were similar across treatments, indicating that Al/O- WTR can provide sufficient P to perform similarly to common fertilizers. A greenhouse study (USA) was utilized to compare increasing rates of swine wastewater derived Al/O-WTR and inorganic P fertilizer (both applied at 33.6, 67.3, and 134.5 kg P₂O₅ ha⁻¹) to supply plant-available P to spring wheat (TriticumaestivumL.) in either sandy loam or sandy clay loam soil. Spring wheat straw and grain P uptake were comparable across all treatments in the sandy loam, while Al/O-WTR application to the sandy clay loam reduced straw and grain P uptake. The Al/O-WTR did not affect soil organic P concentrations, but did increase phosphatase activity in both soils; this suggests that Al/O-WTR application stimulated microorganisms and enhance the extent to which microbial communities can mineralize Al/O-WTR-bound organic P. Implications: Overall, results suggest that creating a new P fertilizer from Al-WTR and agro-industrial waste sources may be a feasible alternative to mining inorganic P fertilizer sources, while protecting the environment from unnecessary waste disposal.
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Chefetz, Benny, Baoshan Xing, Leor Eshed-Williams, Tamara Polubesova, and Jason Unrine. DOM affected behavior of manufactured nanoparticles in soil-plant system. United States Department of Agriculture, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2016.7604286.bard.
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The overall goal of this project was to elucidate the role of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in soil retention, bioavailability and plant uptake of silver and cerium oxide NPs. The environmental risks of manufactured nanoparticles (NPs) are attracting increasing attention from both industrial and scientific communities. These NPs have shown to be taken-up, translocated and bio- accumulated in plant edible parts. However, very little is known about the behavior of NPs in soil-plant system as affected by dissolved organic matter (DOM). Thus DOM effect on NPs behavior is critical to assessing the environmental fate and risks related to NP exposure. Carbon-based nanomaterials embedded with metal NPs demonstrate a great potential to serve as catalyst and disinfectors. Hence, synthesis of novel carbon-based nanocomposites and testing them in the environmentally relevant conditions (particularly in the DOM presence) is important for their implementation in water purification. Sorption of DOM on Ag-Ag₂S NPs, CeO₂ NPs and synthesized Ag-Fe₃O₄-carbon nanotubebifunctional composite has been studied. High DOM concentration (50mg/L) decreased the adsorptive and catalytic efficiencies of all synthesized NPs. Recyclable Ag-Fe₃O₄-carbon nanotube composite exhibited excellent catalytic and anti-bacterial action, providing complete reduction of common pollutants and inactivating gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria at environmentally relevant DOM concentrations (5-10 mg/L). Our composite material may be suitable for water purification ranging from natural to the industrial waste effluents. We also examined the role of maize (Zeamays L.)-derived root exudates (a form of DOM) and their components on the aggregation and dissolution of CuONPs in the rhizosphere. Root exudates (RE) significantly inhibited the aggregation of CuONPs regardless of ionic strength and electrolyte type. With RE, the critical coagulation concentration of CuONPs in NaCl shifted from 30 to 125 mM and the value in CaCl₂ shifted from 4 to 20 mM. This inhibition was correlated with molecular weight (MW) of RE fractions. Higher MW fraction (> 10 kDa) reduced the aggregation most. RE also significantly promoted the dissolution of CuONPs and lower MW fraction (< 3 kDa) RE mainly contributed to this process. Also, Cu accumulation in plant root tissues was significantly enhanced by RE. This study provides useful insights into the interactions between RE and CuONPs, which is of significance for the safe use of CuONPs-based antimicrobial products in agricultural production. Wheat root exudates (RE) had high reducing ability to convert Ag+ to nAg under light exposure. Photo-induced reduction of Ag+ to nAg in pristine RE was mainly attributed to the 0-3 kDa fraction. Quantification of the silver species change over time suggested that Cl⁻ played an important role in photoconversion of Ag+ to nAg through the formation and redox cycling of photoreactiveAgCl. Potential electron donors for the photoreduction of Ag+ were identified to be reducing sugars and organic acids of low MW. Meanwhile, the stabilization of the formed particles was controlled by both low (0-3 kDa) and high (>3 kDa) MW molecules. This work provides new information for the formation mechanism of metal nanoparticles mediated by RE, which may further our understanding of the biogeochemical cycling and toxicity of heavy metal ions in agricultural and environmental systems. Copper sulfide nanoparticles (CuSNPs) at 1:1 and 1:4 ratios of Cu and S were synthesized, and their respective antifungal efficacy was evaluated against the pathogenic activity of Gibberellafujikuroi(Bakanae disease) in rice (Oryza sativa). In a 2-d in vitro study, CuS decreased G. fujikuroiColony- Forming Units (CFU) compared to controls. In a greenhouse study, treating with CuSNPs at 50 mg/L at the seed stage significantly decreased disease incidence on rice while the commercial Cu-based pesticide Kocide 3000 had no impact on disease. Foliar-applied CuONPs and CuS (1:1) NPs decreased disease incidence by 30.0 and 32.5%, respectively, which outperformed CuS (1:4) NPs (15%) and Kocide 3000 (12.5%). CuS (1:4) NPs also modulated the shoot salicylic acid (SA) and Jasmonic acid (JA) production to enhance the plant defense mechanisms against G. fujikuroiinfection. These results are useful for improving the delivery efficiency of agrichemicals via nano-enabled strategies while minimizing their environmental impact, and advance our understanding of the defense mechanisms triggered by the NPs presence in plants.
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Borch, Thomas, Yitzhak Hadar, and Tamara Polubesova. Environmental fate of antiepileptic drugs and their metabolites: Biodegradation, complexation, and photodegradation. United States Department of Agriculture, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7597927.bard.
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Many pharmaceutical compounds are active at very low doses, and a portion of them regularly enters municipal sewage systems and wastewater-treatment plants following use, where they often do not fully degrade. Two such compounds, CBZ and LTG, have been detected in wastewater effluents, surface waters, drinking water, and irrigation water, where they pose a risk to the environment and the food supply. These compounds are expected to interact with organic matter in the environment, but little is known about the effect of such interactions on their environmental fate and transport. The original objectives of our research, as defined in the approved proposal, were to: Determine the rates, mechanisms and products of photodegradation of LTG, CBZ and selected metabolites in waters exposed to near UV light, and the influence of DOM type and binding processes on photodegradation. Determine the potential and pathways for biodegradation of LTG, CBZ and selected metabolites using a white rot fungus (Pleurotusostreatus) and ADP, and reveal the effect of DOM complexation on these processes. Reveal the major mechanisms of binding of LTG, CBZ and selected metabolites to DOM and soil in the presence of DOM, and evaluate the effect of this binding on their photodegradation and/or biodegradation. We determined that LTG undergoes relatively slow photodegradation when exposed to UV light, and that pH affects each of LTG’s ability to absorb UV light, the efficiency of the resulting reaction, and the identities of LTG’sphotoproducts (t½ = 230 to 500 h during summer at latitude 40 °N). We observed that LTG’sphotodegradation is enhanced in the presence of DOM, and hypothesized that LTG undergoes direct reactions with DOM components through nucleophilic substitution reactions. In combination, these data suggest that LTG’s fate and transport in surface waters are controlled by environmental conditions that vary with time and location, potentially affecting the environment and irrigation waters. We determined that P. ostreatusgrows faster in a rich liquid medium (glucose peptone) than on a natural lignocellulosic substrate (cotton stalks) under SSF conditions, but that the overall CBZ removal rate was similar in both media. Different and more varied transformation products formed in the solid state culture, and we hypothesized that CBZ degradation would proceed further when P. ostreatusand the ᵉⁿᶻʸᵐᵃᵗⁱᶜ ᵖʳᵒᶠⁱˡᵉ ʷᵉʳᵉ ᵗᵘⁿᵉᵈ ᵗᵒ ˡⁱᵍⁿⁱⁿ ᵈᵉᵍʳᵃᵈᵃᵗⁱᵒⁿ. ᵂᵉ ᵒᵇˢᵉʳᵛᵉᵈ ¹⁴C⁻Cᴼ2 ʳᵉˡᵉᵃˢᵉ ʷʰᵉⁿ ¹⁴C⁻ᶜᵃʳᵇᵒⁿʸˡ⁻ labeled CBZ was used as the substrate in the solid state culture (17.4% of the initial radioactivity after 63 days of incubation), but could not conclude that mineralization had occurred. In comparison, we determined that LTG does not degrade in agricultural soils irrigated with treated wastewater, but that P. ostreatusremoves up to 70% of LTG in a glucose peptone medium. We detected various metabolites, including N-oxides and glycosides, but are still working to determine the degradation pathway. In combination, these data suggest that P. ostreatuscould be an innovative and effective tool for CBZ and LTG remediation in the environment and in wastewater used for irrigation. In batch experiments, we determined that the sorption of LTG, CBZ and selected metabolites to agricultural soils was governed mainly by SOM levels. In lysimeter experiments, we also observed LTG and CBZ accumulation in top soil layers enriched with organic matter. However, we detected CBZ and one of its metabolites in rain-fed wheat previously irrigated with treated wastewater, suggesting that their sorption was reversible, and indicating the potential for plant uptake and leaching. Finally, we used macroscale analyses (including adsorption/desorption trials and resin-based separations) with molecular- level characterization by FT-ICR MS to demonstrate the adsorptive fractionation of DOM from composted biosolids by mineral soil. This suggests that changes in soil and organic matter types will influence the extent of LTG and CBZ sorption to agricultural soils, as well as the potential for plant uptake and leaching.