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Journal articles on the topic 'Composition of derivations'
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Al-Kadi, Deena. "fq-Derivations ofG-Algebra." International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences 2016 (2016): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9276096.
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We introduce the notion offq-derivation as a new derivation ofG-algebra. For an endomorphism mapfof anyG-algebraX,we show that at least onefq-derivation ofXexists. Moreover, for such a map, we show that a self-mapdqfofXisfq-derivation ofXifXis an associative medialG-algebra. For a medialG-algebraX,dqfisfq-derivation ofXifdqfis an outsidefq-derivation ofX. Finally, we show that iffis the identity endomorphism ofXthen the composition of twofq-derivations ofXis afq-derivation. Moreover, we give a condition to get a commutative composition.
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De Filippis, Vincenzo, and Giovanni Scudo. "Composition of generalized derivations as a Lie derivation." Glasnik matematicki 47, no. 2 (2012): 307–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3336/gm.47.2.07.
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Corina Ciungu, Lavinia. "Pseudo-BCI algebras with derivations." Journal of Logic and Computation 29, no. 8 (2019): 1367–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/logcom/exz027.
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Abstract In this paper we define two types of implicative derivations on pseudo-BCI algebras, we investigate their properties and we give a characterization of regular implicative derivations of type II. We also define the notion of a $d$-invariant deductive system of a pseudo-BCI algebra $A$ proving that $d$ is a regular derivation of type II if and only if every deductive system on $A$ is $d$-invariant. It is proved that a pseudo-BCI algebra is $p$-semisimple if and only if the only regular derivation of type II is the identity map. Another main result consists of proving that the set of all implicative derivations of a $p$-semisimple pseudo-BCI algebra forms a commutative monoid with respect to function composition. Two types of symmetric derivations on pseudo-BCI algebras are also introduced and it is proved that in the case of $p$-semisimple pseudo-BCI algebras the sets of type II implicative derivations and type II symmetric derivations are equal.
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De Filippis, V. "Products of derivations which act as Lie derivations on commutators of right ideals." International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences 2006 (2006): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/ijmms/2006/53145.
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LetRbe a prime ring of characteristic different from 2,Ia nonzero right ideal ofR,dandδnonzero derivations ofR, ands4(x1,x2,x3,x4)the standard identity of degree 4. If the composition(dδ)is a Lie derivation of[I,I]intoR, then eithers4(I,I,I,I)I=0orδ(I)I=d(I)I=0.
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Yaqoub, Ahmed, Aslam M, and Mahmood Tariq. "A note on generalized m-derivations to weakly cancellative semirings." Indian Journal of Science and Technology 13, no. 22 (2020): 2214–19. https://doi.org/10.17485/IJST/v13i22.682.
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Abstract <strong>Objectives:</strong> Semirings is an important algebraic structure with applications in theory of automata, formal languages and theoretical computer science. The mappings which enforces commutativity in semirings remains attractive for researchers, since commutativity would be helpful in calculations and bring it's applications to ease. Our aim is to enforce commutativity in semirings by generalizing the classical theorem of Martindale [14, Theorem 3] with generalized m-derivation. Further, we discuss that composition of two generalized m-derivations ensure that one of their associated derivation must be trivial. <strong>Method:</strong> We use generalized m-derivations which is associated to multiplicative derivations in certain semirings. <strong>Findings:</strong> We find the conditions of commutativity in semirings through these particular generalized m-derivations. Moreover, we discuss the characteristics of these mappings in weakly cancellative semirings. Novelty: The concept of generalized m-derivations is newly introduced by us in ring theory in (1) and here we extend this concept to theory of semirings. We attempt to induce commutativity in weakly cancellative semirings (2) whose concept is unorthodox in the theory of semirings. This article pave new ways to study derivations and its applications on semirings. <strong>Keywords:</strong> Derivations; generalized m-derivations; weakly cancellative semiring; commutativity
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Bresar, Matej. "On the distance of the composition of two derivations to the generalized derivations." Glasgow Mathematical Journal 33, no. 1 (1991): 89–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0017089500008077.
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A well-known theorem of E. Posner [10] states that if the composition d1d2 of derivations d1d2 of a prime ring A of characteristic not 2 is a derivation, then either d1 = 0 or d2 = 0. A number of authors have generalized this theorem in several ways (see e.g. [1], [2], and [5], where further references can be found). Under stronger assumptions when A is the algebra of all bounded linear operators on a Banach space (resp. Hilbert space), Posner's theorem was reproved in [3] (resp. [12]). Recently, M. Mathieu [8] extended Posner's theorem to arbitrary C*-algebras.
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Dey, K. K., and A. C. Paul. "Prime Gamma-Near-Rings with sigma-Derivations." Journal of Scientific Research 6, no. 3 (2014): 467–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v6i3.17158.
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Let N be a prime G-near-ring and s be an automorphism on N. In this paper, we prove that if d is a s-derivation of N such that sd = ds with d2 = 0, then d = 0. The composition of two derivations s and ? are considered and investigated the conditions that the derivation is a ??-derivation. © 2014 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v6i3.17158 J. Sci. Res. 6 (3), 467-473 (2014)
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Došen, Kosta, and Zoran Petrić. "Generality of proofs and its Brauerian representation." Journal of Symbolic Logic 68, no. 3 (2003): 740–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2178/jsl/1058448435.
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AbstractThe generality of a derivation is an equivalence relation on the set of occurrences of variables in its premises and conclusion such that two occurrences of the same variable are in this relation if and only if they must remain occurrences of the same variable in every generalization of the derivation. The variables in question are propositional or of another type. A generalization of the derivation consists in diversifying variables without changing the rules of inference.This paper examines in the setting of categorial proof theory the conjecture that two derivations with the same premises and conclusions stand for the same proof if and only if they have the same generality. For that purpose generality is defined within a category whose arrows are equivalence relations on finite ordinals, where composition is rather complicated. Several examples are given of deductive systems of derivations covering fragments of logic, with the associated map into the category of equivalence relations of generality.This category is isomorphically represented in the category whose arrows are binary relations between finite ordinals, where composition is the usual simple composition of relations. This representation is related to a classical representation result of Richard Brauer.
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Sardar, Muhammad Muhammad Idrees. "Characterization of f-derivation of BF-Algebra." LC International Journal of STEM (ISSN: 2708-7123) 3, no. 1 (2022): 88–100. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6550577.
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In the manuscript we lay down the foundation of concept of compositions of derivation of BF-algebra, also lay down the structure of f-derivation of BF-algebras and investigated some of the properties and derive the result which is related to BF-algebra. We prove in general the propositions, and properties is proved.
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Alnefaie, Kholood. "On Reverse Derivations in d-algebras." European Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics 17, no. 1 (2024): 362–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.29020/nybg.ejpam.v17i1.5025.
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In the present paper, we apply the concept of reverse derivation in rings on the concept of d − algebra to obtain the concept called a left-right (resp. right-left) reverse derivations of d−algebra X (briefly, (l, r) resp. (r, l)− reverse derivation of d − algebra ), we will also, define some concepts such as regular map, composition two maps and study the related properties. Moreover, the notions of partial ordered edge d − algebra as well as d − subalgebra and their relation to our current study are obtained. In addition, some illustrative examples and counterexamples are discussed.
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He, Hua, Xueyan Yang, and Zicong Yang. "Composition and Volterra-type inner derivations on the generalized Fock spaces." Filomat 38, no. 11 (2024): 3707–18. https://doi.org/10.2298/fil2411707h.
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A classical result of Calkin [3] says that the inner derivation maps the algebra of all bounded operators on a Hilbert space into the ideal of all compact operators if and only if the induced operator is a compact perturbation of the scalar operator. On the generalized Fock spaces, we use the compact intertwing relations to study the range of the inner derivations induced by the composition operators C? and the Volterra type operators Jg and Ig.
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Pınar Eroglu, Münevver, and Nurcan Argaç. "On Identities with Composition of Generalized Derivations." Canadian Mathematical Bulletin 60, no. 4 (2017): 721–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4153/cmb-2016-072-4.
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AbstractLet R be a prime ring with extended centroid C, Q maximal right ring of quotients of R, RC central closure of R such that dim C(RC) > , ƒ (X1, . . . , Xn) a multilinear polynomial over C that is not central-valued on R, and f (R) the set of all evaluations of the multilinear polynomial f (X1 , . . . , Xn) in R. Suppose that G is a nonzero generalized derivation of R such that G2(u)u ∈ C for all u ∈ ƒ(R).
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Toumi, Mohamed Ali. "CONTINUOUS GENERALIZED (θ, ϕ)-SEPARATING DERIVATIONS ON ARCHIMEDEAN ALMOST f-ALGEBRAS". Asian-European Journal of Mathematics 05, № 03 (2012): 1250045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793557112500453.
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Let A be an ℓ-algebra and let θ and ϕ be two endomorphisms of A. The couple (θ, ϕ) is called to be separating if xy = 0 implies θ(x)ϕ(y) = 0. If in addition θ and ϕ are ring endomorphisms of A, then the couple (θ, ϕ) is said to be ring-separating. An additive mapping δ : A → A is called (θ, ϕ)-separating derivation on A if there exists a (θ, ϕ)-separating couple with δ(xy) = δ(x)θ(y) + ϕ(x)δ(y), holds for all x, y ∈ A. If an addition θ, ϕ and δ are continuous, then δ is called a continuous (θ, ϕ)-ring-separating derivation. If in addition the couple (θ, ϕ) is ring-separating then δ is called a continuous (θ, ϕ)-ring-separating derivation. An additive mapping F : A → A is called a continuous generalized (θ, ϕ)-separating derivation on A if F is continuous mapping and if there exists a derivation d : A → A such that θ and ϕ are continuous, (θ, ϕ) is a separating couple and F(xy) = F(x)θ(y) + ϕ(x)d(y), holds for all x, y ∈ A. In this paper, we give a description of continuous (θ, ϕ)-ring-separating derivations on some ℓ-algebras. This generalizes a well-known theorem by Colville, Davis, and Keimel [Positive derivations on f-rings, J. Austral. Math. Soc23 (1977) 371–375] and generalizes the results of Boulabiar in [Positive derivations on almost f-rings, Order19 (2002) 385–395], Ben Amor [On orthosymmetric bilinear maps, Positivity14(1) (2010) 123–130] and Toumi et al. in [Order bounded derivations on Archimedean almost f-algebras, Positivity14(2) (2010) 239–245]. Moreover, inspiring from [Toumi, Order-bounded generalized derivations on Archimedean almost f-algebras, Commun. Algebra38(1) (2010) 154–164], it is shown that the notion of continuous generalized (θ, ϕ)-separating derivation on an archimedean almost f-algebra A is the concept of generalized θ-multiplier, that is an additive mapping satisfying F(xyz) = F(x)θ(yz), for all x, y, z ∈ A. In the case where A is an archimedean f-algebra, the situation improves. Indeed, the collection of all continuous generalized (θ, ϕ)-separating derivation on A coincides with the concept of θ-multiplier, that is an additive mapping satisfying F(xy) = F(x)θ(y), for all x, y ∈ A. If in addition A is a Dedekind complete vector lattice and θ is a positive mapping, then the set of all order bounded generalized of the form (θ, ϕ)-separating derivations on A, under composition, is an archimedean lattice-ordered algebra.
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kumar, M. Raj, та N. Kanda raj. "Composition of (α, β) – Derivations on BH-Algebras". International Journal of Mathematics Trends and Technology 59, № 4 (2018): 286–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.14445/22315373/ijmtt-v59p540.
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Elduque, Alberto. "On triality and automorphisms and derivations of composition algebras." Linear Algebra and its Applications 314, no. 1-3 (2000): 49–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0024-3795(00)00105-1.
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Yattaqi, Egytia, Sri Gemawati, and Ihda Hasbiyati. "On Left fq-Derivations of B-Algebras." Science, Technology and Communication Journal 2, no. 1 (2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.59190/stc.v2i1.197.
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In this paper, we introduce the notion of left fq-derivation of B-algebra and investigate some related properties. Among them are properties of left fq-derivation df0 of B-algebra (X;*,0) and given properties of dfq (x). Then, we discuss the properties of the regular left fq-derivation on B-algebras and composition properties of fq-derivation on particular B-algebra, namely on BM-algebra.
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Ganesan, P., and N. Kandaraj. "A study on f - derivations and composition on BH-algebras." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1850, no. 1 (2021): 012033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1850/1/012033.
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Lee, Pjek-Hwee, and Cheng-Kai Liu. "On the composition of q-skew derivations in Banach algebras." Linear Algebra and its Applications 434, no. 12 (2011): 2413–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.laa.2010.12.025.
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Prajapati, Balchand, and Charu Gupta. "Composition and orthogonality of derivations with multilinear polynomials in prime rings." Rendiconti del Circolo Matematico di Palermo Series 2 69, no. 3 (2019): 1279–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12215-019-00473-6.
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Nettheim, Nigel. "A new derivation shows Schubert learning thematic work from a Beethoven sonata." Revista Vórtex 10, no. 2 (2022): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.33871/23179937.2022.10.2.7098.
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A newly discovered derivation of Schubert from Beethoven is presented: the piano sonata in B major D.575 IV from the piano sonata in A-flat major Op.26 II. A method for finding thematic derivations is first outlined. The present derivation shows Schubert learning to compose thematic material by following Beethoven’s example. The article increases our knowledge of Schubert after his early mastery of vocal composition, as he earnestly worked to learn the piano solo side of his craft. He needed to master three main areas: logical manipulation of abstract musical material rather than text-based expression, sonata-allegro and related forms rather than song forms, and writing for the physical technique of solo piano performance rather than for voice with piano accompaniment. He had apparently received little or no training in those areas, and it is very instructive to see him making his own way.
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Rambow, Owen, K. Vijay-Shanker, and David Weir. "D-Tree Substitution Grammars." Computational Linguistics 27, no. 1 (2001): 87–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/089120101300346813.
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There is considerable interest among computational linguists in lexicalized grammatical frameworks; lexicalized tree adjoining grammar (LTAG) is one widely studied example. In this paper, we investigate how derivations in LTAG can be viewed not as manipulations of trees but as manipulations of tree descriptions. Changing the way the lexicalized formalism is viewed raises questions as to the desirability of certain aspects of the formalism. We present a new formalism, d-tree substitution grammar (DSG). Derivations in DSG involve the composition of d-trees, special kinds of tree descriptions. Trees are read off from derived d-trees. We show how the DSG formalism, which is designed to inherit many of the characterestics of LTAG, can be used to express a variety of linguistic analyses not available in LTAG.
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von Plato, Jan. "Gentzen's Proof Systems: Byproducts in a Work of Genius." Bulletin of Symbolic Logic 18, no. 3 (2012): 313–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2178/bsl/1344861886.
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AbstractGentzen's systems of natural deduction and sequent calculus were byproducts in his program of proving the consistency of arithmetic and analysis. It is suggested that the central component in his results on logical calculi was the use of a tree form for derivations. It allows the composition of derivations and the permutation of the order of application of rules, with a full control over the structure of derivations as a result. Recently found documents shed new light on the discovery of these calculi. In particular, Gentzen set up five different forms of natural calculi and gave a detailed proof of normalization for intuitionistic natural deduction. An early handwritten manuscript of his thesis shows that a direct translation from natural deduction to the axiomatic logic of Hilbert and Ackermann was, in addition to the influence of Paul Hertz, the second component in the discovery of sequent calculus. A system intermediate between the sequent calculus LI and axiomatic logic, denoted LIG in unpublished sources, is implicit in Gentzen's published thesis of 1934–35. The calculus has half rules, half “groundsequents,” and does not allow full cut elimination. Nevertheless, a translation from LI to LIG in the published thesis gives a subformula property for a complete class of derivations in LIG. After the thesis, Gentzen continued to work on variants of sequent calculi for ten more years, in the hope to find a consistency proof for arithmetic within an intuitionistic calculus.
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Zhao, H., K. Ju, and K. Chon. "An Approach to Estimate Time-varying Casual Coherence Function." Methods of Information in Medicine 46, no. 02 (2007): 102–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1625375.
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Summary Objectives : This paper describes the development of a model-based approach to estimating both open-loop and causal time-varying coherence functions (TVCF). Theoretical derivations of the coherence bounds using the proposed approach are also provided. Methods : A time-varying vector autoregressive (VAR) model was used to estimate both open-loop and causal TVCF. The time-varying optimal parameter search method was employed to identify the time-varying model coefficients as well as the model order of the VAR model. Results : Simulation results revealed interesting observations, and they were corroborated using experimental renal blood pressure and flow data. Specifically, experimental data showed that in certain cases, the calculation of the open-loop TVCF might provide incorrect interpretation of the results when the system under investigation was a closed-loop system, which is consistent with theoretical derivations. Conclusions : The use of the closed-loop TVCF not only provides quantitative assessment of the coupling between the two signals, but it also provides valuable insights into the composition of the physical structure of the system.
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Stump, Gregory. "The derivation of compound ordinal numerals: Implications for morphological theory." Word Structure 3, no. 2 (2010): 205–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/word.2010.0005.
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In the domains of both inflection and derivation, there is evidence for both rules of exponence (which realize specific morphosyntactic properties or derivational categories through the introduction of specific morphological markings) and rules of composition (which determine how such rules of exponence apply in the definition of a compound's inflected forms or derivatives). A single, general rule of composition accounts for the definition of a wide range of derivatives from compound bases; nevertheless, ordinal derivation demonstrates the considerable extent to which rules of composition may vary across languages. Evidence from a diverse range of languages is used to motivate a typology of ordinal derivation whose distinct types embody different rules of composition.
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Lifshin, Eric, Amy Linsebigler, and Raynald Gauvin. "Precision In X-Ray Data Computed By Monte Carlo Calculations." Microscopy and Microanalysis 5, S2 (1999): 86–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600013751.
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The analytical expressions used in ZAF and ϕ(ρz) calculations give single values for the composition of each element for a single set of intensity measurements from samples and standards. Confidence intervals in composition are established by looking at the variability of repeated measurements. They are usually attributed to x-ray counting statistics or experimental reproducibility factors such as sample repositioning. Uncertainty in the equations themselves or the parameters that go into them are rarely considered. The derivations of ZAF and ϕ(ρz) equations are primarily based on the case where flat single-phase regions, relative to the x-ray excitation volume, are examined using normal electron beam incidence. Use of these equations has been extended to non-normal electron beam incidence as well as the quantitative analysis of layered structures, but usually with less theoretical justification. Finally, special experimental cases including porous structures, rough surfaces, vertical interfaces and small particles are very difficult or impossible to model by the single application of a set of analytical equations to convert measured x-ray intensities to elemental composition.
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Adams, A. A. "A Formalisation of Weak Normalisation (with Respect to Permutations) of Sequent Calculus Proofs." LMS Journal of Computation and Mathematics 3 (2000): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1112/s1461157000000188.
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AbstractDyckhoff and Pinto present a weakly normalising system of reductions on derivations are characterised as the fixed points of the composition of the Prawitz translations into natural deduction and back. This paper presents a formalisation of the system, including a proof of the Weak normalisation property for the formalisation. More details can be found in earlier work by the author. The formalisation has been kept as closes as possible to the original presentation to allow an evaluation of the state of proof assistance for such methods, and to ensure similarity of methods, and not merely similarly of results. The formalisation is restricted to the implicational fragment of intuitionistic logic.
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Al-Harbi, Khalid. "The Principle of the Qur'an's Self-Contained Inimitability and Its Juristic Derivations." International Journal for Scientific Research 3, no. 8 (2024): 448–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.59992/ijsr.2024.v3n8p14.
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Research Title: The Principle of the Qur'an's Self-Contained Inimitability and Its Juristic Derivations Objective: To conduct an usuli (principles of jurisprudence) study of the principle "The Qur'an is inimitable in itself," elucidating its components and encompassed issues, presenting evidence for the principle, and deriving both usuli matters and fiqhi branches from it. Methodology: The research is based on a comprehensive review of the discourse of usuli scholars on this principle, incorporating relevant insights from scholars of aqidah (Islamic creed) and Qur'anic sciences. All content is documented from primary sources, explicating the issues contained within the principle, providing supporting evidence, and highlighting the usuli matters and fiqhi branches derived from it. Key Findings: 1. There is ijma' (consensus) among the ummah that the Noble Qur'an is mu'jiz (inimitable). 2. The jumhur (majority) of scholars affirm that the Qur'an is inimitable in itself. Those who propose the concept of sarfah (divine prevention of imitation) consider it a form of tanzil (divine intervention), as preventing the customary is equivalent to producing the extraordinary, which is also miraculous. However, the definitive truth is the Qur'an's inherent inimitability. 3. The concept of sarfah originates from Brahmanical Indian thought, rooted in polytheistic, kufr beliefs. 4. One of the strongest arguments against sarfah is that it would strip the Qur'an of its fasahah (eloquence) and balaghah (rhetoric) that have astounded minds, bewildered intellects, and instilled awe in hearts, preventing imitation or opposition. 5. The i'jaz (inimitability) of the Qur'an encompasses its lafz (wording), nazm (composition), and ma'na (meaning). Claiming the separation of any of these aspects requires evidence due to their inherent interconnectedness. 6. The balaghah contained in the Qur'an is its most prominent aspect of i'jaz, necessitating the consideration of meaning as subordinate to wording and composition. 7. The reported disagreement attributed to Abu Hanifah regarding i'jaz being solely in the meaning is not authentically established. This misconception arose from his initial position on the permissibility of reciting non-Arabic translations in salah, which he later retracted, limiting it to cases of necessity. 8. The principle "The Qur'an is inimitable in itself" serves as a basis for deriving numerous issues, including both usuli principles and fiqhi branches.
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Vorontsova, U. A. "Forming and translating English neologisms in the software engineering field." ТЕНДЕНЦИИ РАЗВИТИЯ НАУКИ И ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ 74, no. 4 (2021): 72–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/lj-06-2021-141.
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The article is devoted to defining the peculiarities and focus of translating English neologisms in the software engineering terminology. As part of the study the role of vocabulary is explored, the features of neologism derivations are classified; the main methods of their interpreting into Russian are examined, the ways of neologism word-building in the software engineering terminology are identified and the most frequent interlingual transformations used in conveying their meaning into Russian are determined. Results of the study reveal that the majority of neologisms are formed predominantly by stem-composition and affixation and the most common method of translating neologisms in the software engineering terminology is the loan-translation, transcription and translation method, grammatical substitutions and descriptive translation.
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Suzuki, Asuka, and Hiroshi Yukawa. "A Review for Consistent Analysis of Hydrogen Permeability through Dense Metallic Membranes." Membranes 10, no. 6 (2020): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes10060120.
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The hydrogen permeation coefficient (ϕ) is generally used as a measure to show hydrogen permeation ability through dense metallic membranes, which is the product of the Fick’s diffusion coefficient (D) and the Sieverts’ solubility constant (K). However, the hydrogen permeability of metal membranes cannot be analyzed consistently with this conventional description. In this paper, various methods for consistent analysis of hydrogen permeability are reviewed. The derivations of the descriptions are explained in detail and four applications of the consistent descriptions of hydrogen permeability are introduced: (1) prediction of hydrogen flux under given conditions, (2) comparability of hydrogen permeability, (3) understanding of the anomalous temperature dependence of hydrogen permeability of Pd-Ag alloy membrane, and (4) design of alloy composition of non-Pd-based alloy membranes to satisfy both high hydrogen permeability together with strong resistance to hydrogen embrittlement.
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Vanas, Agathe, Janne Soetbeer, Frauke Diana Breitgoff, et al. "Intermolecular contributions, filtration effects and signal composition of SIFTER (single-frequency technique for refocusing)." Magnetic Resonance 4, no. 1 (2023): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/mr-4-1-2023.
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Abstract. To characterize structure and molecular order in the nanometre range, distances between electron spins and their distributions can be measured via dipolar spin–spin interactions by different pulsed electron paramagnetic resonance experiments. Here, for the single-frequency technique for refocusing dipolar couplings (SIFTER), the buildup of dipolar modulation signal and intermolecular contributions is analysed for a uniform random distribution of monoradicals and biradicals in frozen glassy solvent by using the product operator formalism for electron spin S=1/2. A dipolar oscillation artefact appearing at both ends of the SIFTER time trace is predicted, which originates from the weak coherence transfer between biradicals. The relative intensity of this artefact is predicted to be temperature independent but to increase with the spin concentration in the sample. Different compositions of the intermolecular background are predicted in the case of biradicals and in the case of monoradicals. Our theoretical account suggests that the appropriate procedure of extracting the intramolecular dipolar contribution (form factor) requires fitting and subtracting the unmodulated part, followed by division by an intermolecular background function that is different in shape. This scheme differs from the previously used heuristic background division approach. We compare our theoretical derivations to experimental SIFTER traces for nitroxide and trityl monoradicals and biradicals. Our analysis demonstrates a good qualitative match with the proposed theoretical description. The resulting perspectives for a quantitative analysis of SIFTER data are discussed.
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Huang, Yixin, Zhongmin Liang, Yiming Hu, Binquan Li, and Jun Wang. "Theoretical derivation for the exceedance probability of corresponding flood volume of the equivalent frequency regional composition method in hydrology." Hydrology Research 51, no. 6 (2020): 1274–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2020.027.
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Abstract The equivalent frequency regional composition (EFRC) method is an important and commonly used tool to determine the design flood regional composition at various sub-catchments in natural conditions. One of the cases in the EFRC method assumes that the exceedance probabilities of design flood volume at upstream and downstream sites are equal, and the corresponding flood volume at intermediate catchment equals the gap between the volumes of upstream and downstream floods. However, the relationship between the exceedance probability of upstream and downstream flood volumes P and that of corresponding intermediate flood volume C has not been clarified, and whether P&gt;C or P ≤ C has not been theoretically proven. In this study, based on the normal, extreme value type I and Logistic distributions, the relationship between C and P is deduced via theoretical derivations, and based on the Pearson type III, two-parameter lognormal and generalized extreme value distributions, the relationship between C and P is investigated using Monte Carlo experiments. The results show that C is larger than P in the context of the design flood, whereas P is larger than C in the context of low-flow runoff. Thus, the issue of exceedance probability corresponding flood is further theoretically clarified using the EFRC method.
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Bochettaz, Olivier. "A New Language for a New Perception: A Study of the Influence of Chinese Poetry on the Composition of Spring and All." William Carlos Williams Review 40, no. 2 (2023): 243–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/willcarlwillrevi.40.2.0243.
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Abstract This essay highlights the numerous evidences of Chinese influences on Williams’s poetry, and particularly on the composition of Spring and All. What was it in Chinese poetry that could help Williams accomplish his poetic modernization which Pound was urging him to perform? In which ways and to which extent did Williams use Chinese poetic forms and concepts to compose his modernist masterpiece? As a continuation of the research of Wai-Lim Yip and Zhaoming Qian, two of the very few scholars who have focused their attention on this topic, this essay asks how much of what is seen by Western critics as poetic innovations by Williams can actually be seen as appropriations or derivations from Chinese language and poetics. It highlights that many of the poetic devices used in Spring and All, Williams’s breakthrough volume as a modernist, are actually either borrowed from traditional Chinese poetics, or result from the fusion of the English language with ideogramic linguistic concepts.
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Fraga, Alessandro Luís, Ivan Moreira, Antonio Claudio Furlan, Alexandre Orio Bastos, Ricardo Pinto de Oliveira, and Alice Eiko Murakami. "Lysine requirement of starting barrows from two genetic groups fed on low crude protein diets." Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 51, no. 1 (2008): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-89132008000100007.
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A trial was carried out to determine the lysine requirement for starting barrows fed on ideal protein concept-based diets. Thirty-two pigs from a commercial crossbred genetic group (CCGG, BW=15.9 ± 1.4 kg) and 32 pigs from a dam line one (DLGG, BW= 14.8 ± 1.0 kg) were used. Pigs were allotted to 4 treatments with diets containing increasing levels of total lysine (0.80, 1.00, 1.20 and 1.40%). Methionine+cystine, threonine and tryptophan were adjusted according to ideal protein profile. Data from performance, plasma urea nitrogen (PUN) and carcass composition were analyzed. CCGG showed higher daily feed intake, daily weight gain, PUN and protein:fat ratio in carcass, while DLGG showed higher fat carcass content and nitrogen retention. Fat content and protein:fat ratio in carcass for CCCGG and PUN and crude protein carcass content for DLGG showed quadratic response to increasing total lysine levels. Derivations of the quadratic equations indicated the total lysine requirement for CCGG starting barrows is 1.15% and for DLGG starting barrows is 1.09%.
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Ionescu, Lucian M. "Nonassociative Algebras: A Framework for Differential Geometry." International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences 2003, no. 60 (2003): 3777–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s0161171203303023.
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A nonassociative algebra endowed with a Lie bracket, called atorsion algebra, is viewed as an algebraic analog of a manifold with an affine connection. Its elements are interpreted as vector fields and its multiplication is interpreted as a connection. This provides a framework for differential geometry on a formal manifold with a formal connection. A torsion algebra is a natural generalization of pre-Lie algebras which appear as the torsionless case. The starting point is the observation that the associator of a nonassociative algebra is essentially the curvature of the corresponding Hochschild quasicomplex. It is a cocycle, and the corresponding equation is interpreted as Bianchi identity. The curvature-associator-monoidal structure relationships are discussed. Conditions on torsion algebras allowing to construct an algebra of functions, whose algebra of derivations is the initial Lie algebra, are considered. The main example of a torsion algebra is provided by the pre-Lie algebra of Hochschild cochains of aK-module, with Lie bracket induced by Gerstenhaber composition.
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Wang, J., Y. N. Lee, P. H. Daum, J. Jayne, and M. L. Alexander. "Effects of aerosol organics on cloud condensation nucleus (CCN) concentration and first indirect aerosol effect." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 8, no. 3 (2008): 9783–818. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-8-9783-2008.
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Abstract. Aerosol microphysics, chemical composition, and CCN properties were measured on the Department of Energy Gulfstream-1 aircraft during the Marine Stratus/Stratocumulus Experiment (MASE) conducted over the coastal waters between Point Reyes National Seashore and Monterey Bay, California, in July 2005. Aerosols measured during MASE included free tropospheric aerosols, marine boundary layer aerosols, and aerosols with high organic concentration within a thin layer above the cloud. Closure analysis was carried out for all three types of aerosols by comparing the measured CCN concentrations at 0.22% supersaturation to those predicted based on size distribution and chemical composition using Köhler theory. The effect of aerosol organic species on predicted CCN concentration was examined using a single hygroscopicity parameterization. For aerosols with organics volume fraction up to 70%, such as the marine boundary layer and free troposphere aerosols, CCN concentration and the corresponding first indirect aerosol effect are insensitive to the properties of organics, and can be accurately predicted with a constant hygroscopicity for all organic species. This simplification can facilitate the prediction of indirect aerosol effects using physically-based parameterizations in large scale models. However, for the aerosols within the thin layers above clouds, organics contributed up to 90% of the total aerosol volume, and a detailed knowledge of organic hygroscopicity is required to accurately predict CCN concentrations. Derivations of organic properties in future closure studies, when aerosols are dominated by organic species, would help constrain the descriptions of organics and aerosol-cloud parameterizations in large scale models.
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Saimoto, S. "The Characterization of Materials by Precision Strain Rate Sensitivity." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 109, no. 3 (1987): 230–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3225969.
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Strain rate sensitivity is a measurement of the thermodynamic response of materials to changes in stress (τ). Correlations of the theoretical derivations to measured values are only valid if the strain rate (γ˙) is performed at constant structure (Σ). Thus transients during strain rate change obliterate the subtleties of the data especially since the strain rate sensitivity ∂lnτ∂lnγ˙T,Σisoftheorderof10−2. These transients, which are due to the inherent interactive nature of the testing frame of conventional tensile machines, can be nullified. This compensation results in a step-ramp in the displacement-time plot such that precision strain rate sensitivity can be measured. Moreover it is convincingly shown that the true elastic response of polyethylene including the unrelaxed modulus can be measured. Examples of evaluated material characteristics are: 1) the work to intersect dislocations at 0 K in dilute Al crystals. 2) the composition of interstitial solutes from which the solvus for NbCN in ferritic stainless steel can be determined. 3) the clustering in Al-4wt percent Cu during early GPI formation from which bond strength can be estimated.
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Suresh, P., K. Bhagya Lakshmi, G. Sailaja, N. L. Janaki, and K. Aruna. "NATURAL PRODUCTS: THE ROLE IN DRUG DISCOVERY." International Journal of Advanced Research 12, no. 11 (2024): 1010–13. https://doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/19912.
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Natural products have been used since ancient times and in myth for the treatment of numerous conditions and ails. Natural products and their derivations have been honored for numerous times as a source of remedial agents and of structural diversity. still, natural products are nt medicines. Theyre products of nature and through natural assays theyre linked as leads which come campaigners for medicine development. further than 50 of the medicines that are in the request decide from natural resource. still, in addition to their chemical structure diversity and their biodiversity, the development of new technologies has revolutionized the webbing of natural products in discovering new medicines. Applying these technologies compensates for the essential limitations of natural products and offers a unique occasion tore-establish natural products as a major source for medicine discovery. The present composition attempts to describe the application of composites deduced from natural coffers as medicine campaigners, with a focus on the success of these coffers in the process of chancing and discovering new and effective medicine composites.
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Wang, J., Y. N. Lee, P. H. Daum, J. Jayne, and M. L. Alexander. "Effects of aerosol organics on cloud condensation nucleus (CCN) concentration and first indirect aerosol effect." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 8, no. 21 (2008): 6325–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-6325-2008.
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Abstract. Aerosol microphysics, chemical composition, and CCN properties were measured on the Department of Energy Gulfstream-1 aircraft during the Marine Stratus/Stratocumulus Experiment (MASE) conducted over the coastal waters between Point Reyes National Seashore and Monterey Bay, California, in July 2005. Aerosols measured during MASE included free tropospheric aerosols, marine boundary layer aerosols, and aerosols with high organic concentration within a thin layer above the cloud. Closure analysis was carried out for all three types of aerosols by comparing the measured CCN concentrations at ~0.2% supersaturation to those predicted based on size distribution and chemical composition using Köhler theory. The effect of aerosol organic species on predicted CCN concentration was examined using a single hygroscopicity parameterization. For aerosols with organics volume fraction up to 70%, such as the marine boundary layer and free troposphere aerosols, CCN concentration and the corresponding first indirect aerosol effect are insensitive to the properties of organics, and can be accurately predicted with a constant hygroscopicity for all organic species. This simplification can facilitate the prediction of indirect aerosol effects using physically-based parameterizations in large scale models. However, for the aerosols within the thin layers above clouds, organics contributed up to 90% of the total aerosol volume, and an accurate knowledge of the overall organic hygroscopicity is required to accurately predict CCN concentrations. Derivations of organic properties in future closure studies, when aerosols are dominated by organic species, would help constrain the descriptions of organics and aerosol-cloud parameterizations in large scale models.
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Yoshida, Tomoyuki, and Misaki Harada. "On some constraints on right dislocation in Japanese." Journal of Japanese Linguistics 34, no. 2 (2018): 303–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jjl-2018-0018.
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AbstractThis paper takes up some constraints on right dislocation in Japanese (JRD) and shows that some of them are sensitive to the presence of an overt correlate for the right-dislocated element while others are not. Adopting a commonly proposed biclausal analysis of JRD, we propose that there are two ways to derive JRD patterns. One involves movement of the right-dislocated element and the other involves no such movement. We show how these two derivations account for island sensitivity and the interpretation of nominal modifiers and adverbs in JRD. The main function of overt correlates in all these cases is to signal where dislocated elements should be interpreted in various syntactic structures. For constraints that are not affected by the presence of overt correlates, we focus on the ones related to phonological phrasing and domains to which multiple RD applies. We show that a binarity constraint can be observed, where it is required for right-dislocated elements to be grouped into two phonological phrases. We then discuss two additional constraints on multiple RD: one on the composition of elements in a phonological phrase, and the other on the domain where multiple RD takes place.
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Kim, S. J., Y. C. Minh, S. Hyung, and Y. H. Kim. "High-Resolution Optical and Infrared Observations of Molecules in Comets." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 197 (2000): 471–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900165039.
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Molecules in cometary nuclei are considered to contain information on the constituents in the proto-solar nebula at the time of solar system formation. The composition of cometary nuclei has been indirectly derived from spectroscopic observations of molecules in comae. Ambitious space missions to cometary nuclei for landing and sample return are planned to be realized in 4–7 years. Until then, spectroscopic observations remain a powerful way to remotely investigate molecules and ions in cometary comae. Recent bright comets such as Hale-Bopp (C/1995 O1) and Hyakutake (C/1996 B2) have provided detections of new molecules in comae. Observational results from high-resolution optical and infrared spectroscopy of Hale-Bopp, Hyakutake and recent comets, are presented. In particular, symmetric molecules, which have zero electric dipole moment and are therefore not observable in the radio range, have been detected in several recent comets by infrared observations. The new data can also be used to derive accurate abundances of known molecular species. We present the time-dependent excitation processes of the bands of these molecules and discuss the influence of the fluorescence calculations on the derivations of molecular abundances in comets.
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Škorić, Mihailo, Ranka Stanković, Milica Ikonić Nešić, Joanna Byszuk, and Maciej Eder. "Parallel Stylometric Document Embeddings with Deep Learning Based Language Models in Literary Authorship Attribution." Mathematics 10, no. 5 (2022): 838. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10050838.
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This paper explores the effectiveness of parallel stylometric document embeddings in solving the authorship attribution task by testing a novel approach on literary texts in 7 different languages, totaling in 7051 unique 10,000-token chunks from 700 PoS and lemma annotated documents. We used these documents to produce four document embedding models using Stylo R package (word-based, lemma-based, PoS-trigrams-based, and PoS-mask-based) and one document embedding model using mBERT for each of the seven languages. We created further derivations of these embeddings in the form of average, product, minimum, maximum, and l2 norm of these document embedding matrices and tested them both including and excluding the mBERT-based document embeddings for each language. Finally, we trained several perceptrons on the portions of the dataset in order to procure adequate weights for a weighted combination approach. We tested standalone (two baselines) and composite embeddings for classification accuracy, precision, recall, weighted-average, and macro-averaged F1-score, compared them with one another and have found that for each language most of our composition methods outperform the baselines (with a couple of methods outperforming all baselines for all languages), with or without mBERT inputs, which are found to have no significant positive impact on the results of our methods.
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Penglase, Kim, Tom Lewis, and Sanjeev K. Srivastava. "A New Approach to Estimate Fuel Budget and Wildfire Hazard Assessment in Commercial Plantations Using Drone-Based Photogrammetry and Image Analysis." Remote Sensing 15, no. 10 (2023): 2621. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15102621.
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Increased demand for sustainable timber products has resulted in large investments in agroforestry in Australia, with plantations growing various Pinus species, selected to suit a plantation’s environment. Juvenile Pinus species have a low fire tolerance. With Australia’s history of wildfires and the likelihood of climate change exacerbating that risk, the potential for a total loss of invested capital is high unless cost-effective targeted risk minimisation is part of forest management plans. Based on the belief that the understory profiles within the juvenile plantations are a major factor determining fuel hazard risks, an accurate assessment of these profiles is required to effectively mitigate those risks. At present, assessment protocols are largely reliant on ground-based observations, which are labour-intensive, time consuming, and expensive. This research project investigates the effectiveness of using geospatial analysis of drone-derived photographic data collected in the commercial pine plantations of south-eastern Queensland as a cost-saving alternative to current fuel hazard risk assessment practices. Understory composition was determined using the supervised classification of orthomosaic images together with derivations of canopy height models (CHMs). The CHMs were subjected to marker-controlled watershed segmentation (MCWS) analysis, isolating and removing the plantation pine trees, enabling the quantification of understory fuel profiles. The method used proved highly applicable to immature forest environments with minimal canopy closure, but became less reliable for close canopied older plantations.
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Noonan, John W., Joel Wm Parker, Walter M. Harris, et al. "The Evolution of Activity and Chemical Composition in Rosetta’s Comet Targets across Multiple Apparitions: Complications for CS2 as the CS Parent in Comet Nuclei." Planetary Science Journal 4, no. 4 (2023): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/psj/accb58.
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Abstract Jupiter-family comets are ephemeral small bodies injected into the inner solar system from the Kuiper Belt, doomed to either sublimate all their volatiles and become inert or violently shatter from the activity. We investigate two target candidates of the ESA Rosetta mission, comets 46P/Wirtanen and 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, which had favorable apparitions for Earth-based observations in 2018–2019 and 2021, respectively. Using the Hubble Space Telescope STIS and COS instruments, we observed OH and CS emissions to characterize production rates of H2O and CS, established Af ρ values, and placed upper limits on the production rate of C2 and its parent. We find CS/H2O relative abundances that are significantly (5σ–7σ) larger than previous remote near-UV (NUV) measurements of 46P and 67P at similar heliocentric distances and CS/H2O values larger than those obtained via contemporaneous submillimeter observations for the same apparitions. We also find that for 67P the remote derivations of CS2/H2O ratios are substantially (∼50×) higher than the values measured by the ROSINA mass spectrometer on board the Rosetta spacecraft for all NUV-derived CS2 production rates. The discrepancy points toward an unidentified CS parent or parents with contributing factors from uncertainties with the fluorescence efficiencies of the CS (0,0) band of the A 1Π–X 1Σ+ system around 2580 Å. Given the significance of understanding the chemistry and dissociation physics of sulfur-bearing molecules in comets for tracing planetesimal formation environments, as well as the limited studies in this area, we propose several hypotheses to explain this discrepancy and outline future studies to address these issues.
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Law, K. S., F. Fierli, F. Cairo, et al. "Air mass origins influencing TTL chemical composition over West Africa during 2006 summer monsoon." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 10, no. 22 (2010): 10753–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-10753-2010.
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Abstract. Trace gas and aerosol data collected in the tropical tropopause layer (TTL) between 12–18.5 km by the M55 Geophysica aircraft as part of the SCOUT-AMMA campaign over West Africa during the summer monsoon in August 2006 have been analysed in terms of their air mass origins. Analysis of domain filling back trajectories arriving over West Africa, and in the specific region of the flights, showed that the M55 flights were generally representative of air masses arriving over West Africa during the first 2 weeks of August, 2006. Air originating from the mid-latitude lower stratosphere was under-sampled (in the mid-upper TTL) whilst air masses uplifted from central Africa (into the lower TTL) were over-sampled in the latter part of the campaign. Signatures of recent (previous 10 days) origins were superimposed on the large-scale westward flow over West Africa. In the lower TTL, air masses were impacted by recent local deep convection over Africa at the level of main convective outflow (350 K, 200 hPa) and on certain days up to 370 K (100 hPa). Estimates of the fraction of air masses influenced by local convection vary from 10 to 50% depending on the method applied and from day to day during the campaign. The analysis shows that flights on 7, 8 and 11 August were more influenced by local convection than on 4 and 13 August allowing separation of trace gas and aerosol measurements into "convective" and "non-convective" flights. Strong signatures, particularly in species with short lifetimes (relative to CO2) like CO, NO and fine-mode aerosols were seen during flights most influenced by convection up to 350–365 K. Observed profiles were also constantly perturbed by uplift (as high as 39%) of air masses from the mid to lower troposphere over Asia, India, and oceanic regions resulting in import of clean oceanic (e.g. O3-poor) or polluted air masses from Asia (high O3, CO, CO2) into West Africa. Thus, recent uplift of CO2 over Asia may contribute to the observed positive CO2 gradients in the TTL over West Africa. This suggests a more significant fraction of younger air masses in the TTL and needs to taken into consideration in derivations of mean age of air. Transport of air masses from the mid-latitude lower stratosphere had an impact from the mid-TTL upwards (20–40% above 370 K) during the campaign period importing air masses with high O3 and NOy. Ozone profiles show a less pronounced lower TTL minimum than observed previously by regular ozonesondes at other tropical locations. Concentrations are less than 100 ppbv in the lower TTL and vertical gradients less steep than in the upper TTL. The air mass origin analysis and simulations of in-situ net photochemical O3 production, initialised with observations, suggest that the lower TTL is significantly impacted by uplift of O3 precursors (over Africa and Asia) leading to positive production rates (up to 2 ppbv per day) in the lower and mid TTL even at moderate NOx levels. Photochemical O3 production increases with higher NOx and H2O in air masses with O3 less than 150 ppbv.
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Plomp, Michiel C. "Leonaert Bramer (1596-1674) als ontwerper van decoratie op Delfts aardewerk." Oud Holland - Quarterly for Dutch Art History 113, no. 4 (1999): 197–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187501799x00373.
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AbstractThe Delft artist Leonaert Bramer (1596-1574) appears to have been intensively involved in the decoration of Delftware. Hitherto four separate examples were known, mostly dating from the 1650s and 1660s (figs.1, 2, 4, 6). The article presents ten (perhaps eleven) new examples of 'Bramer ware' (figs. 8, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23(?), 26; see also note 19) produced between possibly as early as 1630 and 1670. Furthermore, eight of his designs have been found in the archives of the Koninklijke Tichelaar Makkum pottery; the compositions were 'pounced' onto the pottery, i.e. stencilled by dusting powder through a pricked paper pattern (figs. 24, 25, 27, 28, 29, 31, 32). Two early series of drawings by Bramer from the 1630s (most of them in London-scenes from the Old Testament-and Bremenscenes from the New Testament), or derivations from them, seem to have frequently served as patterns for pottery painters (figs. 3-21). Oddly, one of these compositions, Joseph cast into the well by his brothers (fig. 10), occurs on a dish decorated with grotesques which is often regarded as Haarlem work (fig. 11). The use of a Delft artist's composition, combined with the fact that Marion van Aken-Fehmers (Haags Gemeentemuseum, The Hague) has traced a similar grotesque dish bearing the mark of the Delft pottery 'De Porceleyne Bijl' (see note 18), clearly shows that I laarlem did not have a monopoly on grotesques. A total of ten pounces are kept at Makkum: four drawings by Bramer (figs. 24, 25, 27, 29; two pricked repeats of the composition Jacob's Dream: fig. 28) and four pricked stencils (figs. 31, 32). Stylistically, the drawings can be dated to the late 1650s. All ten are pricked along the outlines; the four original drawings are 'matrixes', the others were used as stencils. The composition of Judah and Tamar (fig. 25) is virtually identical with Bramer's version of twenty years earlier. The Judah and Tamar pounce was used until well into the 18th century, judging by a plate dated 1783 in Paris (fig. 26). The coarse manner of painting demonstrates that the use of a pricked paper pattern based on the design of a professional artist was no guarantee for the quality of the result, which depends enti rely on the pottery painter. This accounts for the frequently mediocre standard of the painting on most plates. Nevertheless, a few plates and dishes display painting of such high quality and a manner so similar to Bramer's that it is not unlikely that they were painted by the Delft artist himself (figs. 2, 6, 21). 'Bramer ware' is unmarked. However, on grounds of circumstantial evidence three potteries can be identified where Bramer ware might have been produced: 'De Porceleyne Fles', 'De Grieksche A' and 'De Dissel'. 'De Dissel', where Abraham de Cooge worked, is a likely candidate, in view of a large series of drawings which Bramer made for De Cooge in 1646 (see note 7). In the past, much surprise has been evinced at the gap between the artists of Delft and the potters and decorators of pottery. Despite the heyday of both painting and the pottery industry in Delft in the mid-17th century, and despite the fact that artists and potters were members of the same guild, they seem to have operated quite separately. The material assembled here has brought artists and potters a little closer to each other.
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Zhirakovskaya, A. A. "Word Formation and Borrowing of Person Nominations in Internet Discourse (Based on Speech Usage Data and Internet Language Dictionaries)." Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology 24, no. 2 (2025): 31–41. https://doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2025-24-2-31-41.
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Purpose. The article presents the results of a structural-semantic analysis of person nominations functioning in Internet discourse. Based on speech and lexicographic sources, the composition of the card index was determined – 145 slang personal nouns. The analysis of speech material was carried out within the framework of the derivational paradigm, which involves the complex use of several methods – morphemic, morphonological, word-formational and semantic.Results. The analysis of lexical material allowed to establish the main ways of replenishing the lexicon of person nominations. Thus, 35.8 % of units are borrowings, and 64.2 % are Russian derivatives. Almost all borrowings in the card index (50 out of 52 lexemes) are Anglicisms; cases of borrowing from the Japanese language are unique. A third of the units in in the card index (44 words) are neolexemes that is, new phonetic units with new semantics The formation of person nominations on the basis of the Russian language occurs through semantic derivation, affixation, compounding, fusion, and phonetic truncation.Conclusion. Suffixation turns out to be the most productive way of producing personal nouns (the share of suffixal derivatives is 66 %, 13 different formants form neologisms with the meaning ‘person’ have been identified). The other methods of word formation listed earlier are less relevant in Internet discourse.
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Li, Yanran, Xiangui Liu, Changhong Cai, et al. "A Laboratory Approach Considering Salinity to Investigate Archie’s Parameters in Deep Shale: A Case Study in Longmaxi Formation, Southern Sichuan." Geofluids 2022 (March 10, 2022): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8341622.
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Archie’s parameters are substantial to be investigated in the evaluation of water saturation. Many researchers adhered to the opinion that Archie’s equation can still be applied to water saturation calculation in shale if the accuracy of relative parameters could be improved. External conditions, such as temperature, confining pressure, water salinity, wettability, and displacement, may influence the determination of Archie’s parameters. The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of salinity on Archie’s parameters and their correlation with mineral composition and pore structure. The mineral contents and petrophysical properties were firstly acquired through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and basic measurements. Rock-electric experiments under different salinity were conducted on deep shale samples taken from Longmaxi (LMX) Formation in Luzhou (LZ). The results indicate that Archie’s parameters of “ a ,” “ b ,” “ m ,” and “ n ” under actual brine salinity are assigned to 1.47, 1, 1.26, and 1.6, respectively. Our cementation factor is lower than that in other studies including (shaly) sandstones, carbonates, and shales, probably due to the extremely low porosity in study area. Salinity has a positive effect on cementation factor ( m ) and saturation exponent ( n ), suggesting the traditional assignment to Archie’s parameters is inappropriate. It was concluded that the complicated pore structure and high porosity mainly associated with clay mineral may trigger the increased cementation factor. Further mathematical derivations confirmed that the rock resistivity is inextricable from pore system and establish a physical model. The paper provides a solid evidence base for further understanding and evaluation of water saturation in unconventional shale reservoirs, more significantly, innovatively unveils the research into Archie formula in deep shale reservoirs of southern Sichuan basin.
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Fry, D. L. "Mathematical models of arterial transmural transport." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 248, no. 2 (1985): H240—H263. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1985.248.2.h240.
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A finite-element model (FEM) and corresponding five-parameter analytical model (AM) were derived to study the one-dimensional transport of chemically reactive macro-molecules across (x) arterial tissue. Derivations emphasize chemical activity [a(x)], its gradient, and water flux as driving forces for chemical reactions and transport. The AM was fitted to 28 measured 125I-albumin transmural concentration [c(x)] curves giving parameter estimates of diffusivity (DA), convective velocity (nu A), and so on as functions of pressure (P), location (z) along the vessel, etc. The FEM was used to study 1) intimal-medial a(x) associated with molecular sieving and medial edema, 2) reversible binding, and 3) errors of AM in analysis of c(x). Results are as follows. Average relative error for the 28 AM fits was 5.3%. Only estimates of DA and nu A had acceptable coefficients of variation. DA (approximately 0.10 X 10(-7) cm2 X s-1) decreased with P, increased with z to a maximum, and then decreased; nu A was approximately proportional to P (approximately 0.12 X 10(-7) cm X s-1 X mmHg-1) and decreased slightly with z; distribution coefficient (epsilon F) decreased with z and was smaller for serum than for simple albumin reagent. Assumed boundary conditions for AM were associated with approximately 1.4% error in AM c(x). Parameter estimates were sensitive to wall inhomogeneity, e.g., approximately 15% error. In conclusion, the AM and FEM simulated measured c(x) well; the FEM is useful for study of mechanisms, experimental designs, and AM errors; trends of AM parameter estimates suggest dependence on P, z, and composition of reagent for further FEM and experimental study.
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O.O., Olukayode, Bayewu O.O., Adebisi N.O., Mosuro G.O., Ariyo S.O., and Orimogunje O.B. "Multi-Criteria Analysis Method for Aquifer Vulnerability Investigation Using Godt Method at Idi-Ayunre, Ibadan, Southwestern Nigeria." African Journal of Environment and Natural Science Research 6, no. 2 (2023): 97–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.52589/ajensr-7df7dj7o.
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Geophysical investigation involving Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) Schlumberger array was carried out across Idi-Ayunre, Ibadan, a typical basement complex area having a rock composition of migmatite-gneiss, quartzite, and biotite-hornblende. A total of forty (40) vertical electrical sounding data were acquired with maximum current electrode separation of 100m using resistivity meter and its accessories. The aim of the study was to evaluate the aquifer vulnerability of the study area to contamination. The VES results were both qualitatively and quantitatively interpreted using partial curve matching and were further subjected to computer iteration using WINRESIST. The longitudinal conductance, thickness of layer overlying aquifer and hydraulic conductivity were generated and synthesized to produce the vulnerability map. A GODT multi-criteria model which is an acronym of Groundwater occurrence, Overburden thickness, Depth and Topography developed from the hydrogeologic parameters were evaluated alongside the longitudinal conductance values to determine the aquifer vulnerability of the area and to classify the study area accordingly. The curve type obtained are H and HA. The interpretation revealed three to four geoelectric layers: the topsoil (18.9-178.9Ωm), clayey (9.0-70.6Ωm), fractured basement (31.9-43.1Ωm) and fresh basement (1131-2916Ωm). The longitudinal unit conductance ranges from 0.032-0.93mhos. And from the GODT model derivations, the study area shows 92.5% of high vulnerability rating, 2.5% of low-moderate and 5% of moderate rating; areas with high rating are prone to contamination than areas with low-moderate and moderate rating. Hence, zones of high vulnerability may be not be encouraged for groundwater exploitation and, if need be, constant water quality assessment should be carried out before consumption.
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Rolle, Katarzyna, Wojciech T. Markiewicz, and Jan Barciszewski. "Modified nucleic acids as an anti-aging agents." BioTechnologia 95, no. 4 (2015): 264–66. https://doi.org/10.5114/bta.2014.56597.
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The subject of the invention is the use of 4-furfurylcytosine and /or its derivatives in anti-aging compositions. As 4-furfurylcytosine and /or its derivatives possesses a series of biological properties it might be use as a composition having excellent anti-aging effect to prevent the sagging of skin and loss of luster and to improve sufficiently its aesthetic appearance without significantly change the growth rate and the total growth ability of the skin.