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Siswanto, Siswanto, Asmadi Asmadi, Siti Zahara Nuryanti, and Yeny Pusvyta. "PENGARUH VARIASI KUAT ARUS DAN POLARITAS TERHADAP KEKUATAN SAMBUNGAN LAS PADA BAJA ASTM A36." TEKNIKA: Jurnal Teknik 7, no. 1 (2020): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.35449/teknika.v7i1.126.
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi ampere dan polaritas pengelasan terhadap kekuatan tarik dan kekerasan las SMAW dengan dengan elektroda E6013 diameter 3.2 mm. Penelitian ini menggunakan bahan baja karbon rendah yang mengandung kadar C = 0,25 %, Mn = 0,4% Si = 0,4 %, Cr = 0,16 %, Ni = 0,3 %, Mo = 0,17 %, V = 0,17 %. Arus yang dipakai sebesar 100 A, 120 A dan 140 A serta polaritas DCEP dan DCEN. dengan menggunakan las SMAW AC/DC. DCEP yaitu polaritas terbalik, pemegang elektroda dihubungkan dengan kutub positif dan logam induk dihubungkan dengan kutub negatif sedangkan DCEN yaitu polaritas searah, pemegang elektroda dihubungkan dengan kutub negatif dan logam induk dihubungkan dengan kutub positif. Jenis kampuh yang digunakan adalah kampuh V dengan sudut 60o. Spesimen dilakukan pengujian tarik dan kekerasan. Kekuatan tarik sambungan las tertinggi terjadi pada pengelasan arus 100 A polaritas DCEP yaitu sebesar 48,75 kgf/mm2 dan terendah pada arus 140 A polaritas DCEN yaitu sebesar 43,11 kgf/mm2. Tingkat kekerasan tertinggi di logam las terjadi pada pengelasan arus 100 A DCEN yaitu sebesar 264,1 HV, dan terendah terjadi pada pengelasan arus 140 A DCEP yaitu sebesar 226,2 HV, Sesuai hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa dengan variasi arus dan polaritas pengelasan dapat terjadi perubahan nilai kekerasan dan kekuatan tariknya
 Kata kunci: Kuat Arus, polaritas, pengelasan SMAW, kekuatan tarik, kekerasan, Baja ASTM A36
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Wang, Xu Ming, Wen Zhang, and Ying Wang. "The Influence of Longitudinal Magnetic Field on DCEN MAG Welding." Applied Mechanics and Materials 217-219 (November 2012): 1843–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.217-219.1843.
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This paper introduces the dynamic process of droplet transfer of DCEN MAG welding applied outside longitudinal magnetic field, and analyses the influence law of magnetic parameters on welding arc, droplet transfer behaviour, wire melting coefficient and weld formation. The feasibility of application of longitudinal magnetic field to DCEN MAG welding is established. We compared DCEN MAG welding with DCEP in order to further perfect rotating MAG welding.
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Mishchenko, Andrii, Dumitru Caimacan, and Américo Scotti. "Assessment of the Use of Negative Polarity in Double-Wire MIG/MAG-Welding Filling Passes." Soldagem & Inspeção 20, no. 1 (2015): 48–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0104-9224/si2001.06.
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The aim of this work was to evaluate the use of negative polarity in the trail wire in double-wire MIG/MAG-welding filling passes. A comparative study of the conventional technique (two wires working with pulsed DCEP) and the proposed combinations of pulsed DCEP in the lead wire with pulsed DCEN in the trail wire and pulsed DCEP in the lead wire with controlled short-circuit CSC(-) in the trail wire was carried out. The mean current in each wire and the ratio of travel speed to wire feed rate (for the same bead volume per unit weld length), as well as wire type and size, shielding gas composition and joint type (a butt joint in a flat position), were kept constant. Bead surface finish and geometry, deposition efficiency and maximum travel speed for each combination were evaluated. In conclusion, the use of negative polarity in the trail wire increased the deposition rate (higher travel speeds for the same bead) compared with the use of pulsed DCEP in both wires but at the cost of reduced operational robustness, as the conventional technique allowed a sound bead to be produced over a wider range of travel speeds. In addition, beads welded using negative polarity had smaller fusion zones and narrower heat-affected zones but higher convexities.
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Ripepi, V., G. Catanzaro, L. Molnár, et al. "HD 344787: a true Polaris analogue?" Astronomy & Astrophysics 647 (March 2021): A111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202040123.
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Context. Classical Cepheids (DCEPs) are the most important primary indicators for the extragalactic distance scale, but they are also important objects in their own right, allowing us to place constraints on the physics of intermediate-mass stars and the pulsation theories. Aims. We have investigated the peculiar DCEP HD 344787, which is known to exhibit the fastest positive period change of DCEPs, along with a quenching amplitude of the light variation. Methods. We used high-resolution spectra obtained with HARPS-N at the TNG for HD 344787 and the more famous Polaris DCEP to infer their detailed chemical abundances. Results from the analysis of new time-series photometry of HD 344787 obtained by the TESS satellite are also reported. Results. The double-mode nature of the HD344787 pulsation is confirmed by an analysis of the TESS light curve, although with rather tiny amplitudes of a few dozen millimag. This is indication that HD344787 is on the verge of quenching the pulsation. Analysis of the spectra collected with HARPS-N at the TNG reveals an almost solar abundance and no depletion of carbon and oxygen. This means that the star appears to have not gone through first dredge-up. Similar results are obtained for Polaris. Conclusions. Polaris and HD344787 are both confirmed to be most likely at their first crossing of the instability strip. The two stars are likely at the opposite borders of the instability strip for first-overtone DCEPs with metal abundance Z = 0.008. A comparison with other DCEPs that are also thought to be at their first crossing allows us to speculate that the differences we see in the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram might be due to differences in the properties of the DCEP progenitors during the main-sequence phase.
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Singh, Ravinder Pal, R. K. Garg, and D. K. Shukla. "Optimization of response parameters for polarity in submerged arc welding." Multidiscipline Modeling in Materials and Structures 11, no. 4 (2015): 494–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mmms-04-2015-0024.
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Purpose – Optimization of response parameter is essential in any process .The purpose of this paper is to focus at achieving the optimized parameter for submerged arc welding to furnish the quality welds at direct current electrode positive (DCEP) polarity and direct current electrode negative (DCEN) polarity. Design/methodology/approach – This paper achieves the parameter after extensive trial runs and finally parameters are optimized to acquire the cost effective and quality welds in submerged arc welding using the response surface methodology. Findings – Apart from effect of parameters on weld bead geometry has been identified but optimized parameters has also been achieved for submerged arc welding process for DCEP and DCEN polarities. Practical implications – As this study is related to practical work it may be useful for any relevant application. Social implications – The process parameters used in this experimental work will be basis for job work/industry for submerged arc welding. Originality/value – This paper identifies the effect of polarity in submerged arc welding.
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Louie, Betty L., and Martha Wang. "China’s forthcoming digital currency: implications for foreign companies and financial institutions in China." Journal of Investment Compliance 22, no. 2 (2021): 195–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/joic-04-2021-0017.
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Purpose To answer key questions about China’s forthcoming digital currency, the Digital Currency Electronic Payment (DCEP) or “digital yuan.” Design/methodology/approach Discusses prospective legal standards and guidelines; expected features compared with traditional payment methods and other digital currencies; how DCEP works; status of pilot programs; use of DCEP for cross-border payments; transparency, data protection and cybersecurity issues; and key implications for foreign businesses and financial institutions in China. Findings When DCEP is officially launched in China, there is little doubt that the population can easily adapt to its use. The launch of DCEP can have significant ramifications on a global scale, as it could reduce China’s reliance on the SWIFT system for international banking and offers the first glimpse of the internationalization of the renminbi (RMB). Practical implications Foreign companies operating in China, hi-tech businesses, retailers, financial institutions, and mobile app developers need to track the development and acceptance of DCEP, monitor arising risks, assess how their financial products fit, and adjust business operations, reporting requirements and financial reserves related to the requirements and use of DCEP, expected growth in fintech surrounding digital currencies. Originality/value Practical advice from experienced mergers and acquisitions, private equity, strategic investment and capital markets lawyers.
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Valla, Kelly, Jonathan L. Kaufman, Charise Gleason, et al. "Bortezomib in Combination with Dexamethasone, Cyclophosphamide, Etoposide, and Cisplatin (V-DCEP) for the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma." Blood 124, no. 21 (2014): 2139. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.2139.2139.
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Abstract Introduction Despite therapeutic advances in multiple myeloma, disease relapse is common. Combination therapy with dexamethasone, cyclophosphamide, etoposide, and cisplatin (DCEP) has been utilized as an effective salvage regimen for over a decade, and a recent study reported that DCEP provided an overall response rate of 45.1% when used as salvage therapy in patients who had previously received novel agents (Park S, et al. 2014). Aside from hematologic toxicities, DCEP is generally well-tolerated. In fact, the toxicity profile of DCEP has been compared to high dose cyclophosphamide in the setting of stem cell mobilization and is considered less toxic than the latter. Based upon the synergy noted when proteasome inhibitors are combined with genotoxic therapy, we have combined bortezomib with DCEP in a series of relapsed myeloma patients. Herein we report our experience with the addition of bortezomib to DCEP in relapsed/refractory disease. Patients and Methods We performed a retrospective evaluation of patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma treated at Emory University Hospital from October 2011 until March 2014. Patients received dexamethasone, cyclophosphamide, etoposide, and cisplatin (DCEP) at standard doses in combination with bortezomib at either a dose of 1 mg/m2 or 1.3 mg/m2 administered on Days 1 and 4 of each cycle given every 28 days. Indications for receiving V-DCEP are either cytoreduction prior to SCT (cohort 1) or as salvage therapy (cohort 2). Results Among the 51 patients (49% male and 51% female) included in analysis, the median age at the time of diagnosis is 58 years (range 30-78) and the time of treatment with V-DCEP is 62 years (range 33-79). Among patients that received V-DCEP as cytoreduction prior to SCT, median prior lines of therapy were 1 (0-8). Among the patients that received V-DCEP as salvage therapy, median number of prior lines of therapy was 3 (1-6). ISS 3 disease was seen in 70% of patients and high risk disease in 72.5% of pts (del 17p: 31%; PCL: 19%; extramedullary disease: 33%; complex CTG: 11%) and t(4;14): 6%). Median time from diagnosis to initiation of V-DCEP therapy among cohort 1 is 18 months (0-86) and among cohort 2 is 31 months (12-105) months. Median serum creatinine before C1D1 is 1.17 (0.61-6) and serum bilirubin is 0.6 (0.1-2.8). 31% of patients needed dose reductions from our standard protocol due to organ dysfunction. 47% of patients received ≥2 cycles. The median time to next cycle is 28 days (20-46) and time to next treatment after V-DCEP is 35 days (25-451) suggesting good hematologic recovery. The overall response rate (≥PR) amongst both cohorts with V-DCEP is 47.8% (40% and 51.6% overall response for cohorts 1 and 2, respectively). Figure 1 illustrates response rates. 10 patients that presented with renal insufficiency had renal response including 2 of the 5 patients on hemodialysis. While the median PFS for cohort 1, as expected has not reached, for cohort 2, it is 8 months (95% CI 5.7-10.3). At a median follow-up of 17 months, from the time of V-DCEP initiation, median OS for cohort 2 is 10 months (95% CI 5-14.9). Median overall survival for this predominantly high risk group of patients from diagnosis in cohort 1 is 78 months (95% CI 47-108) and 49 (95% CI 17-80.7) months in cohort 2, respectively. While only 1 patient with grade 2 peripheral neuropathy (PN) received V-DCEP, change from baseline existing PN was seen in 19% of patients (no grade 3/4 events). Conclusions During this era where minimizing alkylator therapy is a consideration, certain indications exist for using V-DCEP such as cytoreduction prior to SCT or as salvage therapy serving as bridge to next line of therapy. Addition of bortezomib to DCEP is deemed safe and is an effective cytoreductive regimen in the treatment of multiple myeloma. Figure 1 Figure 1. Disclosures Gleason: Celgene: Consultancy; Novartis: Consultancy. Heffner:Amgen: Honoraria, Research Funding; Biotest: Honoraria, Research Funding; Dana Farber CI: Honoraria, Research Funding; Genentech: Honoraria, Research Funding; Gilead: Honoraria, Research Funding; Idera: Honoraria, Research Funding; Janssen: Honoraria, Research Funding; Pfizer: Honoraria, Research Funding; Pharmacyclics: Honoraria, Research Funding; Onyx: Honoraria, Research Funding; Spectrum: Honoraria, Research Funding; Talon Therapeutics: Honoraria, Research Funding. Lonial:Millennium: The Takeda Oncology Company: Consultancy, Research Funding; Celgene: Consultancy, Research Funding; Novartis: Consultancy, Research Funding; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Consultancy, Research Funding; Onyx Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy, Research Funding.
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Wang, Xu Ming, Wei Liang, and Su Hong Sun. "The Influence of Rotating Magnetic Field on DCEN MAG Industry Welding Based on Properties of Welding Materials." Advanced Materials Research 675 (March 2013): 148–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.675.148.
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This paper introduces that the transverse rotating magnetic filed, of which excitation current and frequency can be altered respectively, is applied to the DCEN (direct current electrode positive) MAG industry welding with the shield gas of (Ar) 98%+ (O2 ) 2%. And its mechanism is researched carefully using high velocity camera.When fixing excitation frequency or excitation current, arc motion behavior, droplet transfer, wire melting coefficient and properties of welding materials are researched. Welding spatter results from arc luminous sphere bouncing up and down. We compared DCEN MAG industry welding with DCEP (direct current electrode negative) in order to further perfect rotating MAG industry welding.
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Hale, Leigh, Tim Stokes, Bonnie Scarth, et al. "Protocol for a randomised controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness of the diabetes community exercise and education programme (DCEP) for long-term management of diabetes." BMJ Open 9, no. 2 (2019): e025578. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025578.
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IntroductionType 2 diabetes is common in Māori and Pacific peoples and in those living in areas of high socioeconomic deprivation in New Zealand (NZ). People with type 2 diabetes often have multimorbidity, which makes their diabetes management more complex. The Diabetes Community Exercise and Education Programme (DCEP) is an interprofessional, patient-centred, whānau (family)-supported package of care specifically developed to engage with Māori and Pacific people and those living in deprived areas. We have previously demonstrated the feasibility and acceptability of the DCEP. This study aims to determine the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the DCEP through a pragmatic randomised controlled trial (RCT).Methods and analysis220 adults (age ≥35 years) with type 2 diabetes will be recruited from general practices in the lower South Island of NZ (Dunedin and Invercargill) to participate in an RCT. Participants will be randomised to intervention (DCEP) and control (usual care) groups. The DCEP participants will have their exercise goals agreed on with a physiotherapist and nurse and will attend two 90 min exercise and education sessions per week for 12 weeks. The primary outcome measure is blood glucose control (glycated haemoglobin). Secondary outcome measures include quality of life assessed using the Audit of Diabetes-Dependent Quality of Life questionnaire. Data will be collected at four time points: baseline, end of the 12-week intervention (3 months), 6 months postintervention (9 months) and 12 months after the intervention ends (15 months). We will also conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis and a qualitative process evaluation.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been approved by the Health and Disability Ethics Committee, Ministry of Health (HDEC17/CEN/241/AM01). A key output will be the development of an evidence-based training package to facilitate implementation of the DCEP in other NZ regions.Trial registration numberACTRN 12617001624370 p; Pre-results.
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Stenbacka, Nils. "On arc efficiency in gas tungsten arc welding." Soldagem & Inspeção 18, no. 4 (2013): 380–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-92242013000400010.
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The aim of this study was to review the literature on published arc efficiency values for GTAW and, if possible, propose a narrower band. Articles between the years 1955 - 2011 have been found. Published arc efficiency values for GTAW DCEN show to lie on a wide range, between 0.36 to 0.90. Only a few studies covered DCEP - direct current electrode positive and AC current. Specific information about the reproducibility in calorimetric studies as well as in modeling and simulation studies (considering that both random and systematic errors are small) was scarce. An estimate of the average arc efficiency value for GTAW DCEN indicates that it should be about 0.77. It indicates anyway that the GTAW process with DCEN is an efficient welding method. The arc efficiency is reduced when the arc length is increased. On the other hand, there are conflicting results in the literature as to the influence of arc current and travel speed.
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Assunção, P. D. C., R. A. Ribeiro, E. B. F. Dos Santos, E. M. Braga, and A. P. Gerlich. "Comparing CW-GMAW in direct current electrode positive (DCEP) and direct current electrode negative (DCEN)." International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 104, no. 5-8 (2019): 2899–910. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00170-019-04175-2.
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Goldsmith, Scott, Mark A. Fiala, Brandon B. Wang, et al. "D.C.E.P. in Patients with Quad- or Penta-Refractory Multiple Myeloma." Blood 132, Supplement 1 (2018): 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-117713.
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Abstract Introduction: Despite the recent introduction of novel agents for multiple myeloma (MM), the disease remains incurable and invariably progresses through these new therapies. Patients with quad-refractory MM (refractory to bortezomib, carfilzomib, lenalidomide, and pomalidomide) and penta-refractory MM (refractory to an anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody as well) are left with few treatment options and poor prognoses. The chemotherapy regimen of dexamethasone, cyclophosphamide, etoposide, and cisplatin (DCEP) has demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of relapsed/refractory MM. We and others employ DCEP as a salvage regimen, however, few outcomes data exist in this heavily pretreated population. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study to identify all patients who received DCEP for quad- or penta-refractory MM at our institution between 2013 and 2018. Disease response and refractoriness were defined by IMWG criteria. The primary endpoint was overall response rate (ORR) defined as PR or better. Secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and duration of response (DOR). Results: We identified 31 patients who received DCEP, 8 (26%) for quad-refractory and 23 (74%) for penta-refractory MM (Table 1). Twenty-eight (90%) had at least one autologous stem cell transplant, and one had a prior allogeneic transplant. Sixteen (52%) were female, 27 (87%) were white, and median age at DCEP was 60. Median number of prior treatment regimens was 8. All patients received dexamethasone (40mg/day), cyclophosphamide (400mg/m2/day), etoposide (40mg/m2/day), and cisplatin (10mg/m2/day) on days 1-4 (Lazzarino et al. 2001). Cycles were generally 28 days in length, but doses were delayed in cases of cytopenias or other toxicities. Dose reductions occurred in cases of renal impairment or prolonged cytopenias. Twenty patients (65%) received more than one cycle (range: 1-5). The overall response rate was 35%. One patient achieved CR allowing him to proceed to a second autologous transplant. One patient achieved a VGPR, 9 (29%) a PR. Four of the 8 (50%) quad-refractory patients responded compared to 7 of the 23 (30%) of the penta-refractory patients. Eleven (35%) were primary refractory to DCEP, and two patients died after one cycle prior to response assessment. The overall median PFS was 2.7 months (95% CI 1.5-3.8) and median OS was 6.2 months (95% CI 4.4-7.8). For responders, median DOR was 4.2 months (95% CI 3.0-5.4) and median OS was 9.0 months (95% CI 7.2-10.9). Conclusion: Quad- and penta-refractory MM carry a grim prognosis. In our retrospective study, DCEP led to a notable ORR of 35% (95% CI 19%-55%) in this very heavily-treated population, and suggests that it remains a reasonable salvage therapy. Furthermore, it supports prospective study of this regimen, possibly in combination or in comparison with other agents effective in quad- or penta-refractory MM. Disclosures Schroeder: Amgen Inc.: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Vij:Jansson: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Jazz Pharmaceuticals: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Celgene: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Takeda: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Karyopharma: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Amgen: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees.
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Hollmig, K. A., J. M. Stover, M. C. Fox, et al. "Collection of Peripheral Blood Stem Cells in 668 Patients with Multiple Myeloma Treated on Total Therapy II (UARK 98-026)." Blood 104, no. 11 (2004): 5236. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.5236.5236.
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Abstract Total Therapy II (TT2), consisting of intensive induction with non-cross resistant VAD, DCEP, CAD (with collection of PBSC) and DCEP.; followed by tandem autotransplants in support of melphalan 200mg/m2; followed by consolidation chemotherapy every 3 months x4 ; followed by interferon maintenance, has complete accrual of 668 patients with upfront randomization to +/− Thalidomide. Collection goal was 20 million CD34+ cells/kg with CAD. This number allows for tandem transplants with support of >5 x 106 CD34 cells/kg, additional cells were stored in case of engraftment problems, additional transplants in the future for relapsed disease and in case of development of MDS. Patient characteristics are outlined in Table 1. 319 patients collected >20 x106 CD 34+ cells/kg with CAD (median 24.9 million, range 20–127), 2 proceeded to second collection with DCEP (median 5.005 million, range 0–10.01. Of this group 310 patients (97%) underwent single and 234 (73%) tandem autotransplant. 135 patients collected 10 – 20 x106 CD 34+ cells/kg with CAD (median 16.35 million, range 10.09–19.93), 13 patients had second collection with DCEP (median 4.92 million, range 1.23–11.68), 5 patients underwent third collection with growth factor (median 2.61million, range 0.12–12.85). Of this group 130 patients (96%) underwent single and 94 (70%) tandem autotransplant. 46 patients collected 5 – 10 x106 CD 34+ cells/kg with CAD (median 7.82 million, range 5.1–9.97), 20 patients had second collection with DCEP (median 9.785 million, range 0.93–27.14), 8 patients underwent third collection with growth factor (median 2.02million, range 0.3–11.8). No patient underwent a fourth collection attempt. Of this group 44 patients (96%) underwent single and 29 (63%) tandem autotransplant. 63 patients collected <5 x106 CD 34+ cells/kg with CAD (median 3.03 million, range 0.01–4.83), 52 patients had second collection with DCEP (median 3.49 million, range 0–21.21), 28 patients underwent third collection with growth factor (median 1.75million, range 0.07–18.99) and 8 patients had a fourth collection attempt with growth factor (median 1.35 million, range 0.22–5.5). Of this group 59 patients (94%) underwent single and 40 (63%) tandem autotransplant. 40 patients collected no CD34+ cells/kg with CAD. 17 patients had second collection with DCEP (median 11.75 million, range 019–36.36), 8 patients underwent third collection with growth factor (median 4.53 million, range 0.11–18.55) and 4 patients had a fourth collection attempt with growth factor (median 2.09 million, range 1.54–12.27). Of this group 25 patients (63%) underwent single and 4 (10%) tandem autotransplant. 53% of patients reached the collection goal with CAD alone. Using additional collection attempts we were able to increase that number to 57% of patients. In the group of the CAD non-collectors additional collection attempts yielded results up to 36 x 106 CD34+ Cells/kg allowing the majority of these patients (> 70%) to proceed to autologous transplant. Table 1: Patients depending on initial collection result with CAD Overall >20* 10–20* 5–10* 0–5* 0* * (x 106 CD34+ cells collected) N 603 319 (53%) 135 (22%) 46 (8%) 63 (10%) 40 (9% Age >65 19% 14% 17% 30% 30% 28% CA 31% 30% 33% 30% 40% 25% Thal Arm 49% 41% 56% 63% 57% 50% CRP >4 8% 7% 10% 7% 8% 10% B2M >4 31% 26% 36% 33% 37% 43% LDH >190 29% 27% 33% 26% 30% 40% BM >30% PC 64% 62% 67% 63% 67% 60%
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de Medeiros, R. C., and S. Liu. "A Predictive Electrochemical Model for Weld Metal Hydrogen Pickup in Underwater Wet Welds." Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering 120, no. 4 (1998): 243–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2829547.
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Weld metal hydrogen pickup in underwater wet welding is severe due to the presence and dissociation of water surrounding the welding arc. This undesirable behavior can be minimized, however, with the use of oxidizing-type electrodes. The purpose of this investigation has been placed on the fundamental understanding of the effect of hydrogen pickup by the slag on the weld metal diffusible hydrogen content in direct current, shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) for both electrode-positive polarity (DCEP), and electrode-negative polarity (DCEN). To accomplish this purpose, 20 experimental oxidizing electrodes containing systematic ferric oxide (Fe2O3) additions, ranging from 0 to 70 wt. percent, to the flux coating were investigated. The mole fraction ratio of CaO/SiO2 in the fluxes ranged from 0.05 to 0.35, independent of the ferric oxide additions. Underwater, bead-on-plate welds were deposited on ASTM A36 steel coupons at 0.27 m (city) water depth using a gravity feed system. Welding parameters were held constant throughout the experiments. Weld metal diffusible hydrogen content was determined using the mercury displacement method according to current AWS standard. To correlate weld metal hydrogen content with slag chemistry, the slag hydrogen contents were also determined. The measured diffusible hydrogen contents showed that Fe2O3 was effective in reducing weld metal hydrogen content. Higher hydrogen values were always related to lower Fe2O3 contents initially present in the flux, for instance, 71 mL/100g (DCEP − 0 wt. percent Fe2O3) as compared to 31 mL/100g (DCEP − 36 wt. percent Fe2O3). Amazingly, diffusible hydrogen as low as 13 mL/100g was obtained with the use of DCEN polarity along with 53 wt. percent Fe2O3 in the flux coating. X-ray diffraction (XRD) conducted on different slags showed that the lower diffusible hydrogen values were always associated with the presence of fayalite (2FeO·SiO2). Complementing XRD analysis, Mo¨ssbauer spectroscopy analyses carried out on different slags showed that all ferric (Fe3+) oxide initially present in the slags had transformed to ferrous oxide (FeO), free or combined. Chemical analyses showed that weld metal hydrogen pickup was strongly dependent on the solubility of water in the slag systems. The total and diffusible hydrogen content in the weld metal increased monotonically with increasing slag hydrogen content. Finally, variations in weld metal hydrogen as well as slag hydrogen content with both polarity and iron oxide content in the slag were successfully predicted using an electrochemical model that describes the slag/metal interface equilibrium. In this investigation, the slag/metal interface has been identified as responsible in controlling the weld metal hydrogen pickup. The model assumed that hydrogen was present in the slag as (OH)− ions and that FeO displayed ideal solution behavior.
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&NA;. "DCEP an alternative to standard regimen in myeloma." Inpharma Weekly &NA;, no. 1462 (2004): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128413-200414620-00021.
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Fernie, J. Donald, and Nancy Remage Evans. "Forthcoming Cepheid Database." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 111 (1989): 263. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100011714.
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AbstractA summary of basic parameters of classical Cepheid variable stars is being prepared. It will contain stars from the fourth edition of the General Catalogue of Variable Stars in the categories CEP, CEP(B), DCEP, and DCEPS, excluding those which belong to Population II according to the criteria of Harris (1985, A.J.,90, 756). V and B intensity means, as well as velocity means are derived from Fourier fits using the N. Simon program MINFIT. In addition to the data contained in the catalogue by Fernie and Hube (1968, A.J., 73, 492), it will provide a comparison of reddenings from a number of sources, binary status, and period change information. We anticipate a hardcopy version, and also a version on floppy disks. The computer version uses dBaselll, and will include programs, for instance, to calculate phases using changing periods.
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Catanzaro, G., V. Ripepi, G. Clementini, et al. "V363 Cassiopeiae: a new lithium-rich Galactic Cepheid." Astronomy & Astrophysics 639 (July 2020): L4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202038486.
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Context. Classical Cepheids (DCEPs) are important astrophysical objects not only as standard candles in the determination of the cosmic distance ladder, but also as a testbed for the stellar evolution theory. This is based on the strict connection between their pulsation (period(s) and amplitudes) and stellar parameters (luminosity, mass, effective temperature, and metallicity). Aims. We examine the nature of the Galactic DCEP V363 Cas and other DCEPs that show cosmic abundances of lithium in their atmospheres. Methods. We collected three epochs of high-resolution spectroscopy for V363 Cas with HARPS-N at the TNG. We measured accurate stellar parameters: the effective temperatures, gravities, microturbulences, radial velocities, and metal abundances. Results. We detected a lithium abundance of A(Li) = 2.86 ± 0.10 dex, along with iron, carbon, and oxygen abundances of [Fe/H] = −0.30 ± 0.12 dex, [C/H] = −0.06 ± 0.15 dex, and [O/H] = 0.00 ± 0.12 dex. V363 Cas is the fifth of the Milky Way DCEPs to exhibit a Li-rich feature. An analysis of historical time-series spanning a 100-year interval shows that the period of V363 Cas is increasing, with a sharp acceleration after HJD = 2 453 000 days. This is a clear indication of a first crossing of the instability strip. Conclusions. Our results favour the scenario in which the five Galactic Li-rich DCEPs are on their first crossing of the instability strip and have had slowly rotating progenitors during their main-sequence phase.
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Harousseau, Jean Luc, Claire Mathiot, Michel Attal, et al. "VELCADE/Dexamethasone (Vel/D) Versus VAD as Induction Treatment Prior to Autologous Stem Cell Transplantion (ASCT) in Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma (MM): Updated Results of the IFM 2005/01 Trial." Blood 110, no. 11 (2007): 450. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.450.450.
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Abstract Introduction. ASCT is considered the standard of care for younger patients (pts) with MM. The benefit of ASCT is at least partly related to an increase in Complete Remission (CR) plus Very Good Partial Remission (VGPR) rate. One way to increase the CR rate is to improve the induction treatment prior to ASCT. Several phase II studies with Vel in combination as induction treatment yielded promising CR rates. We have previously tested the Vel/D combination with Vel 1.3mg/m2 d1,4,8,11 with 40mg/d d1–4, d 9–12 for 4 consecutive 21d cycles (D only on d1–4 during cycles 3–4) (Harousseau et al Haematologica 2006). Methods. In July 2005, the IFM initiated a randomized Phase II trial comparing Vel/D with VAD as induction treatment prior to ASCT in pts with newly diagnosed MM up to the age of 65.This IFM 2005/01 was closed for accrual in January 2007 after having recruited 482 patients. The primary objective was the CR (negative immunofixation) plus n-CR (negative electrophoresis) after 4 cycles. The second question was to evaluate the impact of a consolidation with 2 cycles of DCEP (D, Cyclophosphamide, Etoposide, Platinum). At diagnosis pts were randomized between 4 arms (A1:4 cycles of VAD, A2: 4 cycles of VAD + 2 cycles of DCEP, A3:4 cycles of Vel/D, A4:4 cycles of Vel/D + 2 cycles of DCEP). Randomization was stratified according to β2-microglobulin and del 13 by FISH analysis. Stem cell collection was performed between cycle 3 and 4 after G-CSF priming (10μg/kg x 6d). ASCT was prepared by melphalan 200mg/m2. Results. As of Aug 2007, data from the first consecutively enrolled 222 pts have been analyzed (A1:54,A2:56,B1:55,B2:57). In the VAD arms (A1+A2),88% of pts received the planned 4 courses versus 94% in the Vel/D arms (B1+B2). In arm A2,87.5% of pts received the 2 cycles of DCEP versus 82% in arm B2. ASCT was performed in 94% of evaluable pts in arms A1+A2 and in 92% in arms B1+B2. The number of SAE was the same in the VAD and the Vel/D arms. The incidence of grade 3–4 averse events was also comparable. However the proportion of pts with neurological symptoms (all grades) during induction treatment was higher with Vel/D (36% versus 11%). Response assessment is available for 208 pts (100 VAD, 108 Vel/D). The results are shown in the table (intent-to-treat analysis). Consolidation with DCEP did not increase the CR rate (16% pre-ASCT both in arms A1+B1 and in arms A2+B2). Conclusion. This analysis not only confirms that the post-induction CR rate is increased by Vel/D compared to VAD (Harousseau ASH 2006) but also shows that this benefit translates in higher CR+VGPR rates after ASCT. Longer follow-up is needed to demonstrate that this better tumor reduction induces longer PFS and OS. Currently 1-year PFS and OS rates are respectively 90% and 95% with VAD, 93% and 97% with Vel/D. Updated results will be presented at the meeting.
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Harousseau, Jean-Luc, Michel Attal, Hervé Avet-Loiseau, et al. "Bortezomib Plus Dexamethasone Is Superior to Vincristine Plus Doxorubicin Plus Dexamethasone As Induction Treatment Prior to Autologous Stem-Cell Transplantation in Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma: Results of the IFM 2005-01 Phase III Trial." Journal of Clinical Oncology 28, no. 30 (2010): 4621–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.9158.
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Purpose To compare efficacy and safety of bortezomib plus dexamethasone and vincristine plus doxorubicin plus dexamethasone (VAD) as induction before stem-cell transplantation in previously untreated myeloma. Patients and Methods Four hundred eighty-two patients were randomly assigned to VAD (n = 121), VAD plus dexamethasone, cyclophosphamide, etoposide, and cisplatin (DCEP) consolidation (n = 121), bortezomib plus dexamethasone (n = 121), or bortezomib plus dexamethasone plus DCEP (n = 119), followed by autologous stem-cell transplantation. Patients not achieving very good partial response (VGPR) required a second transplantation. The primary end point was postinduction complete response/near complete response (CR/nCR) rate. Results Postinduction CR/nCR (14.8% v 6.4%), at least VGPR (37.7% v 15.1%), and overall response (78.5% v 62.8%) rates were significantly higher with bortezomib plus dexamethasone versus VAD; CR/nCR and at least VGPR rates were higher regardless of disease stage or adverse cytogenetic abnormalities. Response rates were similar in patients who did and did not receive DCEP. Post first transplantation, CR/nCR (35.0% v 18.4%) and at least VGPR (54.3% v 37.2%) rates remained significantly higher with bortezomib plus dexamethasone. Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 36.0 months versus 29.7 months (P = .064) with bortezomib plus dexamethasone versus VAD; respective 3-year survival rates were 81.4% and 77.4% (median follow-up, 32.2 months). The incidence of severe adverse events appeared similar between groups, but hematologic toxicity and deaths related to toxicity (zero v seven) were more frequent with VAD. Conversely, rates of grade 2 (20.5% v 10.5%) and grades 3 to 4 (9.2% v 2.5%) peripheral neuropathy during induction through first transplantation were significantly higher with bortezomib plus dexamethasone. Conclusion Bortezomib plus dexamethasone significantly improved postinduction and post-transplantation CR/nCR and at least VGPR rates compared with VAD and resulted in a trend for longer PFS. Bortezomib plus dexamethasone should therefore be considered a standard of care in this setting.
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Zangari, Maurizio, Eric Siegel, Bart Barlogie, et al. "Thrombogenic activity of doxorubicin in myeloma patients receiving thalidomide: implications for therapy." Blood 100, no. 4 (2002): 1168–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2002-01-0335.
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Ten percent of newly diagnosed myeloma patients treated with any type of chemotherapy develop deep venous thrombosis (DVT). Thalidomide has proven activity in refractory multiple myeloma (MM), and although single-agent thalidomide has minimal prothrombogenic activity, its combination with cytotoxic chemotherapy is associated with a significantly increased risk of DVT. We analyzed the incidence of DVT in 232 MM patients who received a combination of chemotherapy and thalidomide on 2 protocols that differed only by the inclusion of doxorubicin in one. DT-PACE (dexamethasone/thalidomide/cisplatin/doxorubicin/cyclophos- phanide/etoposide) was offered to patients with preceding standard dose therapy, but no prior autotransplantation, while DCEP-T (dexamethasone/cyclophosphamide/etoposide/cisplatin/thalidomide) was administered for relapse after transplantation. If there were signs or symptoms suggestive of DVT, patients received additional investigations, including Doppler ultrasonography, followed by venography if indicated. Only patients on DT-PACE but not DCEP-T experienced an increased incidence of DVT. A statistical association between the incidence of DVT and combination chemotherapy including doxorubicin (P = .02) was observed; this association was confirmed on multivariate analysis. MM patients treated with thalidomide and doxorubicin have a high risk of developing DVT.
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Jin, Luxi, Sebastian Schubert, Mohamed Hefny Salim, and Christoph Schneider. "Impact of Air Conditioning Systems on the Outdoor Thermal Environment during Summer in Berlin, Germany." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 13 (2020): 4645. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17134645.
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This study investigates the effect of anthropogenic heat emissions from air conditioning systems (AC) on air temperature and AC energy consumption in Berlin, Germany. We conduct simulations applying the model system CCLM/DCEP-BEM, a coupled system of the mesoscale climate model COSMO-CLM (CCLM) and the urban Double Canyon Effect Parameterization scheme with a building energy model (DCEP-BEM), for a summer period of 2018. The DCEP-BEM model is designed to explicitly compute the anthropogenic heat emissions from urban buildings and the heat flux transfer between buildings and the atmosphere. We investigate two locations where the AC outdoor units are installed: either on the wall of a building (VerAC) or on the rooftop of a building (HorAC). AC waste heat emissions considerably increase the near-surface air temperature. Compared to a reference scenario without AC systems, the VerAC scenario with a target indoor temperature of 22 ∘ C results in a temperature increase of up to 0.6 K . The increase is more pronounced during the night and for urban areas. The effect of HorAC on air temperature is overall smaller than in VerAC. With the target indoor temperature of 22 ∘ C , an urban site’s daily average AC energy consumption per floor area of a room is 9.1 W m 2 , which is 35% more than that of a suburban site. This energy-saving results from the urban heat island effect and different building parameters between both sits. The maximum AC energy consumption occurs in the afternoon. When the target indoor temperature rises, the AC energy consumption decreases at a rate of about 16% per 2 K change in indoor temperature. The nighttime near-surface temperature in VerAC scenarios shows a declining trend ( 0.06 K per 2 K change) with increasing target indoor temperature. This feature is not obvious in HorAC scenarios which further confirms that HorAC has a smaller impact on near-surface air temperature.
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Harousseau, Jean-Luc, Gerald Marit, Denis Caillot, et al. "VELCADE/Dexamethasone (Vel/Dex) Versus VAD as Induction Treatment Prior to Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation (ASCT) in Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma (MM): An Interim Analysis of the IFM 2005-01 Randomized Multicenter Phase III Trial." Blood 108, no. 11 (2006): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v108.11.56.56.
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Abstract ASCT is considered the standard of care for patients up to 65 years of age with MM. The optimal induction treatment prior to ASCT is still unknown. VAD is a commonly used regimen but is associated with a number of toxicities, administrative inconvenience, and a complete remission (CR) rate of typically less than 10%. Recently the combination thalidomide/Dex was reported to induce a higher overall response rate than Dex alone in newly diagnosed patients, but with significantly more toxicities, especially deep vein thrombosis, and a 4% CR rate (Rajkumar et al, J Clin Oncol 2006;24:431–6). In a phase II trial we have evaluated the combination of Vel 1.3mg/m2 D1, 4, 8, 11 with Dex 40mg/D D1-4, D9-12, for 4 consecutive 21-D cycles (Dex only on D1-4 during cycles 3–4). This combination was well tolerated and yielded a 21% CR/nCR rate with successful stem cell harvest and engraftment (Harousseau et al, Haematologica 2006). In 2005, the IFM initiated a multicenter randomized phase III trial comparing Vel/Dex with VAD as induction treatment of patients with newly diagnosed MM up to the age of 65. The primary objective of the study is the CR (negative immunofixation) plus nCR (CR but positive immunofixation) rate after 4 cycles. A secondary objective is to evaluate the role of consolidation with 2 courses of DCEP (Dex, cyclophosphamide, etoposide, cisplatin). Patients were randomized at diagnosis among 4 arms (A1: 4 cycles of VAD; A2: 4 cycles of VAD + 2 cycles of DCEP; B1: 4 cycles of Vel/Dex; B2: 4 cycles of Vel/Dex + 2 cycles of DCEP); stratification was by cytogenetics and β2 microglobulin. Stem cell collection was performed between cycle 3 and cycle 4 after priming with G-CSF (10μg/kg/D × 6 D). At the end of induction (± DCEP consolidation) treatment, patients received melphalan 200mg/m2 plus ASCT. Enrollment of 480 patients is planned, to detect a 10% higher CR/nCR rate with Vel/Dex (20% vs 10%) with 80% power (two-sided test, significance level 0.05). An interim analysis is planned when 222 patients have been evaluated for response at the end of induction. As of July 2006, 304 patients have been enrolled. Randomization of the 222 patients to be considered for interim analysis was completed on May 19th. Baseline characteristics include: median age 55y; 140M, 82F; β2 microglobulin >3mg/L in 54%; del13 by FISH in 45%. The occurrence of serious adverse events (SAEs) was similar between the VAD and Vel/Dex arms (31% with VAD, 33% with Vel/Dex). The most frequent SAEs were pneumopathy (5.3% VAD, 4.0% Vel/Dex), thrombosis (2.7% VAD, 3.3% Vel/Dex), and peripheral neuropathy (1.3% VAD, 3.3% Vel/Dex). We intend to present results from the interim analysis.
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Schubert, S., and S. Grossman-Clarke. "Evaluation of the coupled COSMO-CLM/DCEP model with observations from BUBBLE." Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 140, no. 685 (2014): 2465–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qj.2311.
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Park, Silvia, Su Jin Lee, Chul Won Jung, et al. "DCEP for relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma after therapy with novel agents." Annals of Hematology 93, no. 1 (2013): 99–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00277-013-1952-5.
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Corso, A., S. Mangiacavalli, L. Barbarano, et al. "Limited Feasibility of Double Transplant Program: A Multicenter Study on 151 Multiple Myeloma Patients Aged≤65 Years." Blood 106, no. 11 (2005): 1175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.1175.1175.
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Abstract High dose therapy represents the gold standard therapy for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) patients (pts), with no definite agreement about the adoption of single or double transplant. From January 2000 to December 2004, 151 consecutive MM pts aged ≤65 years in stage II, III or I in progression according to Durie-Salmon were enrolled in a multicenter no randomised high dose program including a tandem transplant (Tx1; Tx2). The protocol was designed as follows: 2 pulse-VAD as induction, 2 DCEP to mobilise peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC), double auto-transplant 3-6 months apart each conditioned with high-dose Melphalan at the dose of 200 mg/m2. Patients characteristics at the enrolment: males 76 (51%), females 75 (49%), median age 55 (range: 35–65), stage I in progression 26 (17%), stage II 25 (16%), stage III 100 (67%). Response rates after each phase for the evaluable patients are reported in the table below VAD (151 pts) DCEP (146 pts) Tx1 (119 pts) Tx2 (63 pts) CR (%) 4 9 18 29 VGPR (%) 28 35 48 60 PR (%) 44 30 25 9 SD (%) 18 10 2 0 Progr (%) 6 16 7 0 Patients not addressed to transplant for mobilization failure were only 5%. Most of the patients (75%) collected ≥ 4x106CD34+cells/Kg after each DCEP-cycle which were considered adequate to rescue hemopoiesis after each transplant. The whole protocol was well-tolerated. In particular, no therapy related mortality was associated to pulse-VAD, or DCEP, and no difference between Tx1 and Tx2 as far the transplant related mortality was registered (1.5% after each transplant). Second transplant was not performed in 48 pts for the following reasons: 8 pts (7%) did not collect enough PBSC, 8 pts (7%) have had severe toxicity with the first transplant; 8 pts (7%) underwent allo-TMO; 7 pts (6%) had progressive disease and 15 pts (12%) refused Tx2. Finally only 76 pts (50% of the enrolled pts) completed the program with the second transplant. Analysing data on an intention-to-treat basis, median follow-up was 30 months, median Progression Free Survival (PFS) was 31 months, median overall survival (OS) was not reached. The median Event Free Survival (calculated from the completion of Tx1 to progression or any other event) was 20 months. No difference in terms of PFS and EFS was found comparing pts who finally received only Tx1, with those who completed the protocol (p=0.9; p=0.5). The EFS was not statistically different for patients receiving one or two transplant even when the analysis was performed according to the type of response achieved after Tx1. In conclusion, despite higher percentage of good quality responses (CR+VGPR) can be obtained with 2 transplants with respect to 1 (66% vs 89%) without additional toxicity, no difference in terms of PFS or EFS were observed between the patients who underwent 1 or 2 transplants. Thus, keeping into account the more complex management of patients in a tandem transplant program, it might be more advantageous to perform as initial therapeutic approach, high-dose protocol including only 1 transplant procedure.
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Griffin, Patrick T., Viet Q. Ho, William Fulp, et al. "Is There a Preferred Infusional Regimen for Patients with Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma?" Blood 124, no. 21 (2014): 4757. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.4757.4757.
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Abstract Introduction: Despite the impact of novel agents, many patients with multiple myeloma (MM) still require intensive infusional chemotherapy regimens, such as dexamethasone, cyclophosphamide, etoposide, cisplatin (DCEP), bortezomib, dexamethasone, thalidomide, cisplatin, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide and etoposide (VDT-PACE), or cyclophosphamide, vincristine, adriamycin, and dexamethasone (CVAD), especially in the setting of proliferative relapsed/refractory disease. To our knowledge, there are no published data comparing the different infusional regimens. Here, we present a retrospective analysis comparing the efficacy and safety of the three most commonly used MM salvage regimens in the era of novel agents. Methods: Patients with a diagnosis of relapsed/refractory MM who received one of the three chemotherapy regimens (DCEP, VDT-PACE, or CVAD) between 01/2005 and 12/2013 were identified through the Moffitt Total Cancer Care Database. Clinical variables were abstracted from the patient records. The IMWG criteria were used to assess response. Transplant eligibility was determined based on the assessment of the treating physician. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) for each group were estimated from the initiation of salvage therapy using the Kaplan-Meier method. Multivariate predictors of survival were assessed using the Cox proportional hazards model by backward elimination. Results: A total of 107 patients receiving one of the 3 regimens for relapsed/refractory MM were identified (DCEP 52, VDT-PACE 22, CVAD 33). Relevant patient characteristics, treatment outcomes, and adverse events are described in Table 1. Prior therapy history was similar between the 3 groups in regard to lenalidomide (77.6%), bortezomib (88.8%), and autologous transplant (53.3%). An analysis of treatment outcomes revealed no statistically significant differences in response, PFS, or OS between the 3 regimens. There appeared to be a trend towards more FN in the VDT-PACE group, as well as prolonged hospitalization in the CVAD group. On multivariate analysis of the entire cohort, transplant eligibility prior to salvage treatment was the only significant predictor of OS (HR 0.22, p<0.001), whereas the treatment regimen was not significant (p=0.411). In fact, for the non-transplant eligible population, the median OS was only 3.09 months (95% CI, 2.17-4.02), versus 16.70 months (95% CI 11.45-21.97) for those patients deemed transplant eligible. On multivariate analysis of the transplant eligible population, performance status (HR 2.10, p=0.012) and extramedullary disease (HR 3.71, p=0.002) were significantly correlated with OS. Conclusions: In this retrospective analysis, there were no statistically significant differences in outcomes between the three MM salvage regimens. Of note, the more intensive regimen, VDT-PACE, did not demonstrate superior disease response or survival. For patients in whom a bridge to transplant was not planned, infusional chemotherapy was associated with poor outcomes, and should not be considered in that setting given the significant toxicities. There was a trend towards fewer adverse events in the DCEP treated patients. Abstract 4757. Table 1.Characteristics, N (%) DCEP n=52 VDT-PACE n=22 CVAD n=33 p-value Age (yrs), median (range)57.6 (43-73)54.5 (29-68)56.9 (41-73)0.054Creatinine (mg/dL), median (range)0.90 (0.6-2.8)1.25 (0.6-6.6)2.20 (0.6-12.9)<0.001Extramedullary Disease, N (%)15 (28.8)7 (31.8)3 (9.1)0.056Circulating Plasma Cells >5%, N (%)4 (7.7)4 (18.2)7 (21.2)0.169High Risk Cytogenetics, N (%)18 (34.6)6 (27.3)8 (24.2)0.803+1q219 (17.3)1 (4.5)2 (6.1)t(4;14)5 (9.6)02 (6.1)-17p11 (21.2)6 (27.3)4 (12.1)Prior Regimens, N (%)3 (1-9)3 (1-13)3 (1-7)0.514Transplant Eligible, N (%)32 (61.5)14 (63.7)17 (51.5)0.578OutcomesVGPR or better, N (%)9 (17.3)7 (31.8)4 (12.1)0.284PR or better, N (%)27 (51.9)16 (72.7)16 (48.5)0.386Successful Bridge to Transplant, N (%)20/32 (62.5)8/14 (57.1)11/17 (64.7)0.907Median PFS, mo. (95% CI)3.78 (1.96-5.60)4.54 (1.67-7.41)5.79 (2.10-9.48)0.801Median OS, mo. (95% CI)8.26 (5.52-10.99)8.52 (3.16-13.87)8.22 (0.00-18.46)0.835Adverse Events, N (%)Prolonged Hospitalization4 (7.7)1 (4.5)7 (21.2)0.084Re-Hospitalization for Adverse Event15 (29.4)8 (36.4)13 (40.6)0.563Febrile Neutropenia15 (29.4)11 (50.0)13 (39.4)0.230Treatment Related Mortality3 (5.8)1 (4.5)3 (9.1)0.762 Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Thertulien, Raymond, Bart Barlogie, Maurizio Zangari, et al. "Total Therapy 2 (TT 2) for Newly Diagnosed Patients with Multiple Myeloma (MM): Examination of Dose Effect of Thalidomide (T) among Those Randomized to T." Blood 104, no. 11 (2004): 934. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.934.934.
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Abstract TT 2 has completed accrual of 668 patients as of February 2004, of whom 323 were randomized to T. All patients received intensive reduction with VAD, DCEP, CAD, DCEP, melphalan-based tandem autotransplants; consolidation chemotherapy with DPACE; and interferon maintenance. T randomization data still blinded. We report, however, on the effect of total cumulative T dosing through induction (n=185; median T dose 26g, range 0 to 100 g), tandem transplants (n=141; median T dose 33 g, range 0 to 160 g) and consolidation therapy (n=69, median T dose 74 g, range 5 to 250 g). No significant differences in T dose distribution according to quartiles at the 3 observation points existed when examined according to age, gender and prognostically potentially relevant features such as cytogenetic abnormalities, CRP, B2M, LDH and albumin. EFS and OS were then compared, according to T dosing quartiles, from first transplant, consolidation and maintenance initiation. T dose effects were not observed for the first two observation times. When considered from initiation of maintenance, there was one event among 31 patients in the 2 upper quartiles of the cumulative T dose compared to 7 of 35 for the 2 lower quartiles (p=.02). We conclude that, among patients randomized to the T arm of TT 2, cumulative dosing does not reveal an effect until after consolidation therapy, probably attesting to the marked efficacy of the cytotoxic components of TT 2. Figure Figure
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Moreno-Uribe, Andrés M., Alexandre Q. Bracarense, and Ezequiel C. P. Pessoa. "The Effect of Polarity and Hydrostatic Pressure on Operational Characteristics of Rutile Electrode in Underwater Welding." Materials 13, no. 21 (2020): 5001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13215001.
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In order to provide a better understanding of the phenomena that define the weld bead penetration and melting rate of consumables in underwater welding, welds were developed with a rutile electrode in air welding conditions and at the simulated depths of 5 and 10 m with the use of a hyperbaric chamber and a gravity feeding system. In this way, voltage and current signals were acquired. Data processing involved the welding voltage, determination of the sum of the anodic and cathodic drops, calculation of the short-circuit factor, and determination of the melting rate. Cross-sectional samples were also taken from the weld bead to assess bead geometry. As a result, the collected data show that the generation of energy in the arc–electrode connection in direct polarity (direct current electrode negative-DCEN) is affected by the hydrostatic pressure, causing a loss of fusion efficiency, a drop of operating voltage, decreased arc length, and increased number of short-circuit events. The combination of these characteristics kept the weld bead geometry unchanged, compared to dry weld conditions. With the positive electrode (direct current electrode positive-DCEP), radial losses were derived from greater arc lengths resulting from increasing hydrostatic pressure, which led to a decrease in weld penetration.
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Peasura, Prachya. "Experiment Design with Full Factorial in Gas Tungsten Arc Welding Parameters on Aluminium Alloy 5083." Advanced Materials Research 711 (June 2013): 183–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.711.183.
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This research was to study of gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) welding parameters that affects to the mechanical properties of aluminum alloy AA5083 welding with GTAW. The full factorial design was experiment. The factors was study in type of polarity on alternating current (AC), direct current electrode negative (DCEN) and direct current electrode positive (DCEP), levels of welding current for 180,200,220 and 240 amp. The specimen to analyses the physical properties has microstructure and hardness of weld metal and heat affected zone. The result showed that type of welding current and levels of welding current interaction hardness at the level of confidence 95% (P-value<0.05). The factor hardness maximum of weld metal was alternating current at level of current 240 amp. and hardness of 136.53 HV. The factor hardness maximum of HAZ value was alternating current at level of welding 220 amp. and hardness of 169.43 HV. The welding parameters can result in increasing Mg2Si intensity in parent phase. It can also be observed that Mg2Si at the parent phase decreased due to high welding current in HAZ.This research can be used as information in choosing how to welding parameter for gas tungsten arc welding of aluminum alloy.
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Liu, Chao, Zhongwen Guo, Feng Hong, and Kaishun Wu. "DCEP: Data Collection Strategy with the Estimated Paths in Ocean Delay Tolerant Network." International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 10, no. 3 (2014): 518439. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/518439.
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Novella, Elisabetta, Domenico Madeo, Elena Albiero, et al. "Effect of DCEP Mobilizing Regimen inin vivoPurging of PBSC Harvests in Multiple Myeloma." Leukemia & Lymphoma 45, no. 7 (2004): 1497–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10428190410001663644.
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Gonsky, Jason P., Nikoletta Lendvai, Michele L. Donato, et al. "DCEP (Dexamethasone, Cyclophosphamide, Etoposide, Cisplatin) Followed by High-Dose G-CSF Is a Highly Efficient and Safe Regimen for Stem Cell Mobilization for Multiple Myeloma." Blood 110, no. 11 (2007): 3284. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.3284.3284.
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Abstract High dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell rescue remains a standard therapy for multiple myeloma patients who can tolerate it. A mobilizing regimen for multiple myeloma should ideally allow for a high yield of CD34+ cells, provide anti-myeloma activity, be well tolerated, and have predictable kinetics regarding initiation of collection of stem cells. Higher numbers of infused autologous CD34+ cells allow for more rapid engraftment and lower incidence of transplant-related morbidity and mortality. The goal for patients with myeloma is to harvest enough CD34+ cells to provide at least two autologous transplants. Previous mobilization regimens utilized G-CSF alone or high-dose cyclophosphamide with G-CSF. However, high-dose cyclophosphamide (4–7g/m2) has only modest efficacy against myeloma and is associated with significant morbidity and up to 1–2% treatment-related mortality. DCEP (dexamethasone, cyclophosphamide, etoposide, cisplatin) is a well established regimen with good efficacy as salvage treatment for myeloma. Additionally, the use of DCEP with G-CSF for mobilization in myeloma has previously been reported to provide an average yield of approximately 6x106 CD34+ cells. We report our experience with DCEP and high-dose G-CSF in mobilizing 88 multiple myeloma patients since 2006. Our regimen consisted of 40 mg dexamethasone IV over 15 minutes x 4 days, cyclophosphamide 500 mg/m2, etoposide 40 mg/m2 (capped at 75 mg), and cisplatin 15 mg/m2 (capped at 25 mg), all continuous IV infusions over 24h x 4 days, with G-CSF starting 24–48h after completion of chemotherapy, administered SQ at 5 mcg/kg x 6 days followed by 10 mcg/kg daily until pheresis is completed. Over 80% of our patients were ready to initiate collection on day 14. Our goal for collection is 10–12x106 CD34+ cells to allow for two or three transplants using at least 4x106 CD34+ cells per transplant. Yields were excellent with a mean yield of 27x106 CD34+ cells, with a range of 7.3–130.5x106 CD34+ cells. 37/88 (42%) of patients required only one day of pheresis, with a mean yield of 34x106 CD34+ cells. 38/88 (43%) of patients required two days of pheresis. Only 15% of patients required more than two days of pheresis. Only 3 patients yielded fewer than 10x106 CD34+ cells (3%), and none yielded fewer than 5x106 CD34+ cells. In conclusion, this regimen is highly efficacious, offers excellent stem cell yields and predictable collection kinetics, can be administered on an outpatient basis, and is safe and well tolerated.
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Krem, Maxwell M., Samuel B. Reynolds, Hamza Hashmi, et al. "The VR-DCEP regimen rescues mobilization failures and controls refractory disease in multiple myeloma." Bone Marrow Transplantation 55, no. 7 (2019): 1451–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41409-019-0735-6.
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Goldsmith, Scott R., Mark A. Fiala, Brandon Wang, et al. "DCEP and bendamustine/prednisone as salvage therapy for quad- and penta-refractory multiple myeloma." Annals of Hematology 99, no. 5 (2020): 1041–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00277-020-03970-2.
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Corso, Alessandro, Silvia Mangiacavalli, Luciana Barbarano, et al. "Evaluation of the Impact of Three Different Pre-Transplant Strategies On the Outcome of Myeloma Patients Candidates to High-Dose Therapy." Blood 114, no. 22 (2009): 1223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.1223.1223.
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Abstract Abstract 1223 Poster Board I-245 Introduction This study aimed at evaluating the impact of three different pre-transplant therapies on the outcome of patients (pts) eligible for high-dose therapy. Methods two-hundred sixty eight newly diagnosed MM pts aged £65 years, Durie-Salmon stage III, II, or I in progression, were consecutively enrolled from 2000 to 2007 in three different protocols, with three different pre-transplant therapy: Group 1: (145 pts) 3 pulse-VAD cycles; Group 2: (67 pts) 3 pulse-VAD cycles plus 3 Thal-Dex cycles (thalidomide at the dose of 100 mg/day orally at bedtime, continuously for 3 months, oral dexamethasone at the dose of 20 mg on days 1-4 and 14-17 every 28 days); Group 3: (57pts) 4 Vel-Dex courses (Bortezomib 1.3 mg/m2 i.v. on days 1, 4, 8, 11; oral Dexamethasone 40 mg on days 1-4 and 8-11 every 3 weeks). After induction all pts received two DCEP-short cycles as mobilization (oral Dexamethasone 40 mg/day on days 1-4 + Cyclophosphamide 700 mg/m2/day i.v., Etoposide 100 mg/ m2/day i.v., cisPlatin 25 mg/m2/day for 2 days) with peripheral blood stem-cell (PBSC) collection prompted by G-CSF followed by one or two transplants (Tx) with melphalan 200 mg/m2 as conditioning regimen. Response was defined according to IMWG uniform criteria. Pts were considered responsive when obtaining at least a PR. Results pts in the three group were similar for age, gender, Ig type, ISS stage. A significant higher percentage of Durie and Salmon stages III was found in group 3 (83% vs 68% in group 1 and 67% in group 2, p=0.0002). The median follow-up was 46 (1-150) months for group 1, 43 (1-68) months for group 2, and 29.7 (1-79) months for group 3. At the time of this analysis in the three groups 51%, 65%, 90% of transplanted pts respectively were still alive, and progression after transplant was registered in 84%, 80%, 50% respectively. Patient flow before Tx was similar (p=0.45): 19% in group 1, 27% in group 2, 23% in group 3. In group 1, 2% of pts went off-study after VAD, and 17% after mobilization phase. In group 2, patient flow was equally distributed: 7% after pulse VAD, 10% after thal-dex, 9% after DCEP. In group 3, 12% of the pts went off-study after Vel-Dex, 11% after DCEP. Table 1 summarized responses. In group 3 (Vel-Dex) response was better along all protocol phases with respect to group 1 or 2 (p<0.00001). The number of responsive pts progressively increased from 87% after Vel-Dex (CR 31%), to 96% after transplant (CR 38%). Response rates of group 1 and 2 patients were not significantly different either after induction (p=0.6), after DCEP (p=0.5), and after Tx (p=0.65). On intention to treat basis, vel-dex induction produced a better, although not significant, PFS (34.6 months vs 29 in group 1 and 26.8 in group 2, p=0.56). OS were not statistically different among the three groups, event though the different follow-up could affect the analysis (median OS 110 in group 1, 66 months in group 2, and not reached in group 3, p=0.37). In multivariate analysis PFS was improved only by the achievement of CR (p=0.001). No significant difference was observed between VGPR or PR (p=0.43). Conclusion In this study, only CR not VGPR impacts on the outcome. Vel-Dex producing a significant high CR rate after TX (38%), seems to improve survival of MM patients candidate to high-dose therapy with respect to conventional pre-transplant strategies. Disclosures Morra: Roche:.
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Yuen, Hiu Lam Agnes, Michael Sze Yuan Low, Pasquale Fedele, et al. "DCEP as a bridge to ongoing therapies for advanced relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma." Leukemia & Lymphoma 59, no. 12 (2018): 2842–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10428194.2018.1454595.
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Zhang, Yuanzheng, Frank Maley, Gladys F. Maley, Garry Duncan, David D. Dunigan, and James L. Van Etten. "Chloroviruses Encode a Bifunctional dCMP-dCTP Deaminase That Produces Two Key Intermediates in dTTP Formation." Journal of Virology 81, no. 14 (2007): 7662–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00186-07.
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ABSTRACT The chlorovirus PBCV-1, like many large double-stranded DNA-containing viruses, contains several genes that encode putative proteins involved in nucleotide biosynthesis. This report describes the characterization of the PBCV-1 dCMP deaminase, which produces dUMP, a key intermediate in the synthesis of dTTP. As predicted, the recombinant protein has dCMP deaminase activity that is activated by dCTP and inhibited by dTTP. Unexpectedly, however, the viral enzyme also has dCTP deaminase activity, producing dUTP. Typically, these two reactions are catalyzed by proteins in separate enzyme classes; to our knowledge, this is the first example of a protein having both deaminase activities. Kinetic experiments established that (i) the PBCV-1 enzyme has a higher affinity for dCTP than for dCMP, (ii) dCTP serves as a positive heterotropic effector for the dCMP deaminase activity and a positive homotropic effector for the dCTP deaminase activity, and (iii) the enzymatic efficiency of the dCMP deaminase activity is about four times higher than that of the dCTP deaminase activity. Inhibitor studies suggest that the same active site is involved in both dCMP and dCTP deaminations. The discovery that the PBCV-1 dCMP deaminase has two activities, together with a previous report that the virus also encodes a functional dUTP triphosphatase (Y. Zhang, H. Moriyama, K. Homma, and J. L. Van Etten, J. Virol. 79:9945-9953, 2005), means that PBCV-1 is the first virus to encode enzymes involved in all three known pathways to form dUMP.
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Nashimoto, Junichiro, Kiyoshi Okazuka, Yui Uto, et al. "Efficacy of intensive salvage regimen (VTD-PACE and DCEP regimen) in the era of novel agents." Clinical Lymphoma Myeloma and Leukemia 19, no. 10 (2019): e273-e274. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clml.2019.09.451.
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Zangari, M., B. Barlogie, F. Cavallo, et al. "Effect on survival of treatment associated deep vein thrombosis in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients." Journal of Clinical Oncology 24, no. 18_suppl (2006): 7549. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.7549.
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7549 Background: Cancer patients experiencing thromboembolic disease have a poor prognosis. We report the effect on survival of treatment-associated DVT in myeloma patients. Methods: 668 newly diagnosed patients with progressive or symptomatic MM were enrolled in our Total Therapy 2 study, which included induction phase with VAD, DCEP, CAD and DCEP followed by high dose chemotherapy and tandem transplants. Patients were randomly assigned to receive Thalidomide or not during the whole treatment. Both arms otherwise received identical chemotherapy. Patients were followed and when clinically indicated underwent radiological studies to confirm a suspected DVT. If present, they were treated with low-molecular weight heparin followed by warfarin. Results: With a median follow up of 47 months a total of 158 patients experienced DVT; the median age was 57 years, 59% were male, 24% were IgA, 197 patients (30%) had abnormal cytogenetics (CA) including 100 patients with deletion of chromosome 13. The baseline characteristics were balanced between patients with and without DVT, with the exception of female gender, which was more prominent in the non DVT group (32% vs 46%, p = .018) on thalidomide, whereas CRP ≥ 8 mg/dl (57% vs 33%, p = .001), and IL6 > 9 pg/ml (47% vs 14%, p < .001) were more frequently observed in the DVT group on no thalidomide. Within each arm of the trial no significant differences in prognostic factors for survival (chromosomal abnormalities, low albumin level, β2-microglobulin, CRP) were seen. DVT status did not affect EFS (p = .3) or OS (p = .3) for the entire group, but a statistically longer EFS (p = .03) was observed in patients who developed a thromboembolic episode in the non thalidomide arm. No effect on survival (EFS p = .3; OS p = .95) was seen in the thalidomide arm. Conclusions: Development of DVT in newly diagnosed myeloma patients treated with chemotherapy ± thalidomide, does not affect overall survival. Patients not exposed to thalidomide who developed thrombosis during chemotherapy had significantly longer EFS. Our observation supports a survival benefit associated with anticoagulation therapy in cancer patients. [Table: see text]
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Wang, Ying, and Dongsik Chang. "A Study on the ripple effects and tasks according to the issuance of the DCEP in China." Korea Association for International Commerce and Information 22, no. 4 (2020): 87–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.15798/kaici.2020.22.4.87.
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Tricot, Guido, John Crowley, Julie Stover, et al. "Lack of Prognostic Implications of Induction Response to Total Therapy 2 (TT-2) in Newly Diagnosed Patients with Multiple Myeloma (MM) for Post-Transplant Even-Free Survival (EFS) and Overall Survival (OS)." Blood 104, no. 11 (2004): 936. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.936.936.
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Abstract Between October 1998 and February 2004, a total of 668 recently diagnosed myeloma patients were enrolled in TT-2, of whom 566 completed the first and 417 the second autotransplant. Twenty percent of patients were ≥ 65 years of age and 34% had abnormal metaphase cytogenetics; 24% had received a single cycle of chemotherapy prior to enrollment and 32% had a B2 microglobulin level of ≥ 4mg/L. All patients who completed at least the first transplant could be assessed for response to induction therapy consisting of VAD, DCEP, CAD and DCEP given with hematologic growth factor support at 4 to 5 week intervals. We examined whether the quality of induction response had an impact on event-free (EFS) and overall survival (OS). Responses were defined as complete remission (CR) if serum and urine immunofixation were negative with normal bone marrow plasmacytosis in aspirate and biopsy; partial remission (PR) if serum M protein was reduced by ≥ 75% and urine M-protein ≥ 90% with a normal bone marrow plasmacytosis and < PR for all other responses. Superior EFS (p=.04) and OS (p=.06) from first transplant were observed among the 86 CR patients (15%) with a 4-year estimate of EFS of 69% and OS of 83%, compared with 59% and 72%, respectively, for PR patients (N=214) and 52% and 68%, respectively, for < PR patients (N=266) (Figure 1 and 2). With a median follow-up of 3 years from the first transplant, we conclude that, although a stringently-defined CR after induction therapy resulted in a better EFS and OS, there was no difference in outcome between PR and < PR patients, who had virtually super imposable survival curves. These data, as well as a review of the literature (Vesole et al. Blood1994; 84: 950, Alexanian et al. Blood1994, 84: 4278 and Singhal et al. Bone Marrow Transplant2002, 30: 673) provide a strong argument for change in current Medicare policy, which denies autotransplants to myeloma patients who have failed primary induction therapy. Even with intensive induction therapy as applied in TT-2, more than two-thirds of patients achieving < PR prior to the first transplant are projected to be alive at 4 years after their autotransplant. Figure Figure Figure Figure
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Tricot, Guido, Erik Rasmussen, Elias Anaissie, et al. "Total Therapy 2 (TT2) for Multiple Myeloma (MM): Thalidomide (T) Effects Superior Complete Response (CR) and Event-Free Survival (EFS); Similar Overall Survival (OS) Linked to Shorter Post-Relapse Survival." Blood 106, no. 11 (2005): 423. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.423.423.
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Abstract Background: Autotransplants have become the standard of care for patients with MM. TT2, a prospective randomized phase III trial, evaluated whether adding T, effective in end-stage MM, could improve the outcome of patients receiving melphalan (MEL200)-based tandem autotransplants. Methods: Between October 1998 and February 2004, 668 patients were randomized to receive T (n=323) or no T (n=345), with the primary objective to increase the 5-yr EFS rate from 40% to 50%. TT2 consisted of 4 phases: induction with VAD-DCEP-CAD with PBSC collection, DCEP; tandem autotransplants with MEL 200; D-PACE consolidation; interferon maintenance with added DEX pulsing during the 1st year. The median follow-up is 3 years. Results: Patient baseline characteristics in the 2 arms were similar. T increased CR from 41% to 59% (p&lt;0.001) (Figure 1a); 5-yr EFS was superior for the T arm (54% vs. 42%, p=0.017), whereas 5-yr OS was not different at 67% and 62% (p=0.9), due to shorter post-relapse survival of patients initially randomized to T (13 vs 32mos, p&lt;0.001) (Figure 1b). Of 437 patients with interphase FISH data, amp1q21 and chromosome 13q14 deletion (del13q14) both conferred short OS (p&lt;0.001, p=0.003) and EFS (p&lt;0.001, p&lt;0.001), independent of metaphase cytogenetic abnormalities (CA) (p&lt;0.001); these 3 genetic features alone accounted for 35% of OS and 28% of EFS variability. T improved EFS both in patients without and with one or more of these 3 genetic abnormalities. High amp1q21 indices accounted for shorter post-relapse survival (p&lt;.001), independent of initial T randomization (p=.5). The post-relapse therapies were similar among the 2 arms and included T in all previously not on T and most previously on T, often together with bortezomib = DEX (VTD regimen; Barlogie, Blood, 2004). Conclusions: Intensive chemotherapy before and following tandem autotransplants in TT2 effected unprecedented high 5-yr EFS (48%) and OS rates (65%). T significantly increased CR frequency and extended EFS but not OS. A shorter post-relapse survival could be traced to high amp1q21 index at relapse (more often present on T arm). Figure Figure
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Parrondo, Ricardo D., Vivek Roy, Taimur Sher, Victoria Alegria, Asher A. Chanan-Khan, and Sikander Ailawadhi. "Use of KRD-PACE as Salvage Therapy in Aggressive, Relapsed/Bortezomib-Refractory Extramedullary Multiple Myeloma: A Report of Two Cases and Literature Review." Case Reports in Hematology 2020 (February 18, 2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4360926.
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Extramedullary multiple myeloma is defined by the presence of plasma cell infiltration outside of the bone marrow. It is associated with a poor prognosis and resistance to therapy and is often associated with high-risk cytogenetics. Aggressive relapsed and refractory extramedullary multiple myeloma is often treated with salvage infusional chemotherapy to achieve rapid disease control. Commonly used regimens include DCEP, CVAD, and VTD-PACE. While VTD-PACE contains bortezomib and thalidomide which have potent antimyeloma activity, the advent of novel agent therapy with proteasome inhibitors and immunomodulatory agents being used in the first-line setting has resulted in many patients being refractory to bortezomib by the time they are treated with VTD-PACE. Herein, we discuss two cases of aggressive relapsed, high-risk, bortezomib-refractory extramedullary multiple myeloma treated with KRD-PACE and review the available clinical data on salvage chemotherapy regimens used in relapsed refractory myeloma.
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Corso, A., S. Mangiacavalli, A. Nosari, et al. "Efficacy, toxicity and feasibility of a shorter schedule of DCEP regimen for stem cell mobilization in multiple myeloma." Bone Marrow Transplantation 36, no. 11 (2005): 951–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.bmt.1705166.
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TAYLOR, MATTHEW E., MANISH JAIN, PRATEEK TANDON, MAKOTO YOKOO, and MILIND TAMBE. "DISTRIBUTED ON-LINE MULTI-AGENT OPTIMIZATION UNDER UNCERTAINTY: BALANCING EXPLORATION AND EXPLOITATION." Advances in Complex Systems 14, no. 03 (2011): 471–528. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219525911003104.
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A significant body of work exists on effectively allowing multiple agents to coordinate to achieve a shared goal. In particular, a growing body of work in the Distributed Constraint Optimization (DCOP) framework enables such coordination with different amounts of teamwork. Such algorithms can implicitly or explicitly trade-off improved solution quality with increased communication and computation requirements. However, the DCOP framework is limited to planning problems; DCOP agents must have complete and accurate knowledge about the reward function at plan time. We extend the DCOP framework, defining the Distributed Coordination of Exploration and Exploitation (DCEE) problem class to address real-world problems, such as ad-hoc wireless network optimization, via multiple novel algorithms. DCEE algorithms differ from DCOP algorithms in that they (1) are limited to a finite number of actions in a single trial, (2) attempt to maximize the on-line, rather than final, reward, (3) are unable to exhaustively explore all possible actions, and (4) may have knowledge about the distribution of rewards in the environment, but not the rewards themselves. Thus, a DCEE problem is not a type of planning problem, as DCEE algorithms must carefully balance and coordinate multiple agents' exploration and exploitation. Two classes of algorithms are introduced: static estimation algorithms perform simple calculations that allow agents to either stay or explore, and balanced exploration algorithms use knowledge about the distribution of the rewards and the time remaining in an experiment to decide whether to stay, explore, or (in some algorithms) backtrack to a previous location. These two classes of DCEE algorithms are compared in simulation and on physical robots in a complex mobile ad-hoc wireless network setting. Contrary to our expectations, we found that increasing teamwork in DCEE algorithms may lower team performance. In contrast, agents running DCOP algorithms improve their reward as teamwork increases. We term this previously unknown phenomenon the team uncertainty penalty, analyze it in both simulation and on robots, and present techniques to ameliorate the penalty.
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Novikova, M. F., and Yu A. Fadeyev. "Statistics of Pulsating Variables." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 111 (1989): 280. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s025292110001188x.
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AbstractClassification of pulsating variables is based on a number of properties but the most important of them are the period and amplitude of the light variation. These quantities also play an important role in understanding the evolutionary status of the pulsating stars since the pulsation period is related to the mass and radius through the period--mean density relation while the amplitude of the light curve characterizes the efficiency of the mechanism responsible for the pulsational instability. In the present study we considered the period--frequency and light amplitude--frequency distributions for ten types of the most numerous pulsating variables from the fourth edition of the General Catalogue of Variable Stars. The following types of pulsating variables were considered: DSCT, DSCTC, DCEP, RR, RRAB, RRC, CWA, CWB, RV and M. Using these distributions we estimated the upper and lower limits of the period and light amplitude within which 95% and 99% of the pulsating stars of a given type are contained.
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Agnes Yuen, Hiu Lam, Michael Low, Pasquale Fedele, et al. "Dexamethasone, cyclophosphamide, etoposide and cisplatin (DCEP) as a bridge to ongoing therapies for relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma." Pathology 50 (February 2018): S62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pathol.2017.12.145.
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Lazzarino, M., A. Corso, L. Barbarano, et al. "DCEP (dexamethasone, cyclophosphamide, etoposide, and cisplatin) is an effective regimen for peripheral blood stem cell collection in multiple myeloma." Bone Marrow Transplantation 28, no. 9 (2001): 835–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.bmt.1703240.
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Bowe, Jasha, Richard Lee, Larry Lockshin, and Cam Rungie. "A Demonstration of Structural Choice Modelling in a Market Research Context." International Journal of Market Research 58, no. 6 (2016): 859–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2501/ijmr-2016-020.
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Grounded in random utility theory, discrete choice experiments (DCE) have proven to be effective in uncovering consumers' choice preferences and switching patterns for repeated choice. Despite this efficacy, a key shortcoming of a DCE is that it does not allow simultaneous comparisons across separate experiments, such as for different product categories, even if both experiments use the same respondents. While wider modelling in a single DCE can use interaction terms as a workaround method to compare across experiments, comparing partworth estimates of separate DCEs is problematic. This study illustrates the use of structural choice modelling (SCM), a recent development that incorporates latent variables and structural equations into the analyses of DCEs and more generally into choice processes. SCM makes it possible to evaluate the consistencies (i.e. heterogeneity) of preferences for attributes common across multiple DCEs when applied to the same respondents, thereby overcoming the stated DCEs' weakness.
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Turner, Michael J., and Leonard V. Coote. "Discrete choice experiments: a research agenda for experimental accounting." Meditari Accountancy Research 25, no. 1 (2017): 158–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/medar-07-2016-0068.
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Purpose This paper aims to introduce and illustrate how discrete choice experiments (DCEs) can be used by accounting researchers and present an agenda of accounting-related research topics that might usefully benefit from the adoption of DCEs. Design/methodology/approach Each major phase involved in conducting a DCE is illustrated using a capital budgeting case study. The research agenda is based on a review of experimental research in financial accounting, management accounting and auditing. Findings DCEs can overcome some of the problems associated with asking decision-makers to rank or rate alternatives. Instead, they ask decision-makers to choose an alternative from a set. DCEs arguably better reflect the realities of real-world decision-making because decision-makers need to make trade-offs between all of the alternatives relevant to a decision. An important advantage that DCEs offer is their ability to calculate willingness-to-pay estimates, which can enable the valuation of non-market goods. Several streams of experimental accounting research would appear well-suited to investigation with DCEs. Research limitations/implications While every effort has been made to ensure that this illustration is as generic to as the many potential studies as possible, it may be that researchers seeking to utilise a DCE need to refer to additional literary sources. This study, however, should serve as a useful starting point. Practical implications Accounting researchers are expected to benefit from reading this article by being: made aware of the DCE method and its advantages; shown how to conduct a DCE; and provided with an agenda of accounting-related research topics that might usefully benefit from application of the DCE methodology. Originality/value It is the authors’ understanding that this is the first article directed to accounting academics regarding the conduct of DCEs for accounting research. It is hoped that this study can provide a useful platform for accounting academics to launch further research adopting DCEs.