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1
Johnston, J. "An analysis of discourse in some late Medieval and early Tudor morality plays." Thesis, University of York, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.377278.
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Ndlovu, Khulekani. "Mediated visibility, morality and children in tabloid discourse." Doctoral thesis, Faculty of Humanities, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32952.
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Media studies has recently witnessed an upsurge in theoretical and empirical work that investigates the moral-ethical implications of the mediation of suffering. The research focus has largely been limited to representations of distant suffering by global media to audiences in the Global North. Contrary to the above, this work focuses on the mediation of suffering by media in the Global South. This study is underpinned by the understanding that suffering is also a proximal (local) phenomenon and mundane (everyday) phenomenon. It is against this backdrop that this work uses the B-Metro tabloid's mediations of child abuse in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe as a case study. The study espouses a holistic view of mediation where mediation is the social circulation of meaning across the moments of production, text and reception. Roger Silverstone's concept of proper distance is used to evaluate the extent to which the BMetro's representations of child maltreatment are successful in engendering an ethic of care among its readership. Methodologically, the study triangulates focus group data about the context of production, with a textual analysis of the child abuse stories and focus group data about the reception of the same. Findings from the context of production point to an overreliance on legal, social and cultural elites for news about child abuse. Data shows that B-Metro journalists are torn between compassion and institutionalised compassion fatigue about child abuse. Findings also point to the prevalence of a gendered perception of child abuse among the journalists. Textual analysis data revealed that the editorial discourse identifies the ethic of care and the ethic of voice as being instrumental in the fight against child abuse. Further, the texts exhibit a patriarchal, gendered and heteronormative conception of child abuse. Reception data shows that it is more plausible to think of media users' responses as being located along a continuum whose range spans compassion fatigue and an ethic of care. A typology of witnessing is used to capture readers' responses to the mediations of child abuse. The tabloid genre was found to be simultaneously enabling and disabling the successful activation of an ethic of care. The thesis concludes by advancing a dialectical view of mediation that explores the equivalences and ambivalences between the moments of production, text and reception.
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Hunt-Logan, Cameron. "The influence of the "Book of Job" on the Middle English morality plays." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001794.
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Barker, Jill. "Characterizations of otherness in the sixteenth century moral plays and their morality antecedents." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1992. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/55812/.
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Beginning with an analysis of the nature of the Morality play and its near relative, the moral play, this thesis finds both forms to be founded on an adversarial view of the world (Chapter One). The nature of the adversary is variable, and that variation is, in turn, revealing about the plays' philosophical position. The theories of Jacques Lacan suggest a reading of Mundus & Infan s, The Castle of Perseveraunce, and Youth as descriptions of selfhood via language- acquisition (Chapter Two). Psychoanalytic theory also suggests that otherness may involve both the rule-making Other of authority and a transgressive 'other', broadly analogous to repressed desire. The moral plays discuss the latter version of otherness through their construction of an increasingly elaborated 'vice figure'. A reading of Mankind demonstrates the interpretative power of this approach (Chapter Three). In the 1560's and 70's, vice behaviour becomes more complex, and so more ambiguous. Deconstructive theories suggest that this change can usefully be read as equivalent to the tendency of linguistic terms towards meaninglessness. The Tyde Tarrieth No Man is an example. Otherness comes to be located in certain 'abjected' social groups. In addition, vice play radically alters the original structure of the moral play, tending to replace narrative with showmanship. Enough is as Good as a Feast and Like Will to Like demonstrate this point. All For Money, however, uses dramatic structures symbolically, restoring meaning to vice play (Chapter Four). Feminist theory leads me to consider the place of woman as other in the moral plays. In The Play of the Wether, the endightement of mother messe and Lingua the 'female vice' figure is developed (Chapter Five). The social implications of that figure are considered through analyses of The Rare Triumphs of Love and Fortune and Lingua (Chapter Six). Finally, the figure of the 'good woman' is found to undergo increasing criticism, as the plays come to encode virtue as undesirable, and perhaps impossible (Chapter Seven). A Conclusion summarizes the main arguments of the thesis.
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Forest-Hill, Lynn Elizabeth. "Transgressive language in medieval English drama : signs of challenge and change." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.242389.
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Whicker, Jules. "Fiction, deceit and morality in the plays of Juan Ruiz de Alarcón, 1580-1639." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1996. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:50276c64-555f-4584-9956-74a0ef3407b0.
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Alarcón was writing at a time when Spaniards increasingly came to perceive Spain as a nation in decline, and to seek the remedy for their country's malaise in a whole series of economic, political, social, and, in particular, moral reforms. One consequence of this was to intensify the debate concerning effect of the theatre on the moral values of the young, another was to stimulate a renewed interest in the art of war and the martial virtues which were held to have been the source of earlier glories, and yet another was to impel political philosophers and theologians alike to consider anew how the necessities of government in this uncertain political and economic climate might be reconciled with the ethical principles promoted by the Catholic Church. This study contends that both the style and the content of his plays show Alarcón to have been both well-informed and keenly interested in such matters, and indicate that, whilst he concurs with many contemporary moralists in identifying the source of the national malaise as a self-indulgent obsession with sensual pleasure and social posturing, and in suggesting that the cure lies in an adoption of a moral code based upon stoic self-discipline and other such virtues, he makes it clear that the implementation of these virtues in the complex situations encountered in everyday life depends to a large extent upon the prudent use of deception. Thus, in his work, Alarcón presents two principal forms of deception: the lies, slanders, illusions, and acts of imposture of those who seek the illicit gratification of their worldly desires; and the cautious equivocation, concealments, disguises, and stratagems of those who know that appearances deceive and who seek to ensure the reputation, integrity and safety of their compatriots and co-religionists. I also maintain that this is a distinction which applies to the comedia as much as to the world which it portrays, and that Alarcón is critical of the indecorous actions and the ornate language, music and spectacle of the comedia as popularised by Lope, and develops a dramatic technique which requires the spectator to submit his initial emotional and imaginative response to the drama to the scrutiny of reason if he is to understand the play. In this way, Alarcón's own creative technique proves to be yet another example of the prudent use of deception illustrated in his plays.
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Kohavi, Zohar. "Animals, anthropocentrism, and morality : analysing the discourse of the animal issue." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/6582.
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This dissertation identifies and criticises a fundamental characteristic of the philosophical discourse surrounding the animal issue: the underlying anthropocentric reasoning that informs the accounts of both philosophy of mind and moral philosophy. Such reasoning works from human paradigms as the only possible starting point of the analysis. Accordingly, the aim of my dissertation is to show how anthropocentric reasoning and its implications distort the inquiry of the animal debate. In extracting the erroneous biases from the debate, my project enables an important shift in the starting line of the philosophical inquiry of the animal issue. In chapters one and two, I focus on philosophy of mind. I show how philosophical accounts that are based on anthropocentric a priori reasoning are inattentive to the relevant empirical findings regarding animals' mental capacities. Employing a conceptual line of argument, I demonstrate that starting the analysis from a human paradigm creates a rigid conceptual framework that unjustifiably excludes the possibility of associating the relevant empirical findings in the research. Furthermore, I show how the common approaches to the issue of animals' belief and intentions deny that animals can have these capacities, and I demonstrate how such denials can be avoided. The philosophical discourse that I examine denies intentional mental capacities to animals. Such denials take place, I maintain, because the analysis is anthropocentric: it uses humans' most sophisticated capacities as the only possible benchmark for evaluating animals' mental abilities. A central example of such anthropocentric reasoning is the oft-mentioned view that there is a necessary link between language and intentionality. Such a link indeed characterises humans. Yet the claim that there is no intentionality without language is a problematic framework for analysing the supposed intentionality of non-linguistic and prelinguistic creatures. Employing a standard that applies to normal, adult humans excludes the possibility of animals' intentionality from the outset. It seems, however, that intentionality is a capacity that evolves in stages, and that simple intentional mental states do not require language. At the same time, such an analysis ignores, to a large extent, cases of attributing intentionality to pre-linguistic humans and even normal, adult humans. Thus, I show how the denial that animals may have intentional mental capacities results in a double standard. In chapters three to six, I critically examine the anthropocentric nature of the debate concerning animals' moral status. The anthropocentric reasoning relates to the conditions of moral status in an oversimplified manner. I show that human prototypes, e.g., rational agency and autonomy, have mistakenly served as conditions for either moral status in general or of a particular type. Seemingly, using such conditions excludes from the proffered moral domain not only animals, but also human moral patients. Yet eventually only animals are excluded from the proffered moral domain. I identify and criticise the manoeuvre that enables this outcome. That is, although the proffered conditions are based on individual characteristics of moral agents, they are applied in a collective manner in order to include human moral patients in the moral domain under examination. I also show that when animals are granted moral status, this status appears to be subjugated by human needs and interests, and therefore the very potential to substantiate animal moral status becomes problematic. Significantly, I also criticise arguments in favour of animals' moral status, claiming that they sustain the oversimplified nature of the inquiry, hence reproducing the major problems of the arguments they were originally designed to refute. As part of my critique towards both such arguments and anthropocentric reasoning, I suggest a non-anthropocentric framework that avoids oversimplification with regard to the conditions of moral status. The aspiration of anthropocentric reasoning as well as of pro-animals philosophers is to find a common denominator that is allegedly shared by all members of the moral community as the single foundation of moral status, which consists of individual characteristics. My framework challenges this aspiration by showing that this common denominator cannot account for all cases. The framework that I suggest enables establishing moral statuses upon distinctive foundations, and at the same time, my proposal avoids falling into the trap of speciesism.
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Chang, Shu. "Discourse, Morality, Body: Radical Socialism in a Chinese Model Village(1946-1978)." Thesis, Harvard University, 2013. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:11133.
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This dissertation is based on my long-term fieldwork at Dazhai village in Shanxi Province, north China. Dazhai village was a famous national model of socialist agriculture and rural settlement during the Maoist era. Primarily based on archival research and oral history interviews with Dazhai villagers, my research reconstructs Dazhai villagers' life experiences during the Maoist era and examines the mechanisms and limits of the Maoist mode of governance. Specifically, I examine how the party authorities successfully exerted discursive and moral control to transform the villagers' thoughts and shape their compliance to official directives. My research also shows how the agency of the human body and close ties within the family counteracted the effects of official discursive and moral control. The underlying goal of my dissertation is to examine the interrelations between discourse and morality, and the manner in which the body often moderates the extremes of politics.<br>Anthropology
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Rankin, Paul Gerald. "The absurdity of the translator? : translating disruptive discourse in three Spanish plays." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.437538.
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Riordan, Michael, and n/a. "Terrible Beauty: Ideology and Political Discourse in the Early Plays of Sean O'Casey." Griffith University. School of Humanities, 2004. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20040615.132200.
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This thesis argues that prominent in the purposes of the dramaturgy of Irish playwright Sean O'Casey was the promotion of his political causes - most notably socialism. In his avidity for the cause of establishing a workers' paradise, following the Soviet model, in Ireland, his ire was drawn to the movements and institutions he perceived as distracting the masses from pursuit of this ideal: republicanism and the Church. These political ideals are prominent themes in his collected works - both fiction and non-fiction. The work is essentially divided into two sections. The first examines the development of O'Casey's ideologies - his socialism, anti-nationalism and anti-clericalism - and the backdrop against which they developed. The purpose is to establish just how passionately O'Casey felt about these ideals and how, in his letters, histories and autobiographies, he dedicated much of his effort to promoting them. Having dedicated so much time and energy to championing socialism and attacking the Church in these texts, it is little wonder they should appear so prominently in his plays. The thesis argues that O'Casey distorted the content of his Autobiographies to reinforce his role as self appointed champion of Dublin's "bottom fifth" and his beloved working class. It contends that O'Casey embellished the suffering of his childhood and the hardship endured by his family to fortify his credentials as a "socialist hero" - to be "for them" he sought to be "of them," and to provide a model for how learning and conversion to the socialist ideal would liberate them from the economic oppression that kept them low. A number of facts, even elementary ones like the number of children in the Casey brood and particular dates and addresses where he had lived, were changed to cultivate the working class hero image, the disadvantaged boy who rose up against all that an unjust and unsympathetic world could throw at him, that he so coveted. The more abject the origins, the greater the final triumph. The thesis then looks briefly at the origins and purposes of the Abbey Theatre, and its part in the Irish Renaissance that gave O'Casey his start. It focuses particularly on the role of Yeats, and his desire to build a dramatic movement which created work free from opinion. His famous determination to "reduce the world to wallpaper" brought him into conflict with O'Casey, who saw his plays as a legitimate vehicle for the expression of his own world view. It is important, in terms of the objective of this study, to establish that O'Casey's works were deliberately constructed pieces of didacticism, to demonstrate just how inimical to the original intent of the movement his purposes were. With this in mind, it is instructive to compare him with the other great Irish dramatist of the period, John Millington Synge, whose works, with their more rustic focus, promoted the kind of impressionistic 'slice of life' theatre the Abbey founders were championing. For O'Casey, the cause was paramount. He wrote morality plays. The study examines how O'Casey's dominant ideological position evolved by examining his own changing perspective about the world around him. It shows how O'Casey began to see all struggles in terms of the economic one between classes, and how he came to be converted to the tenets of socialism. His opposition to nationalism and his anti-clericalism essentially reflected his belief that they were hostile to the interests of the workers, and therefore must be engaged. The dominant sources in this section are O'Casey's letters, his Autobiographies, and his book, The Story of the Irish Citizen Army. The second section of the thesis focuses on the first seven extant plays: The Harvest Festival, The Shadow of a Gunman, Juno and the Paycock, The Plough and the Stars, The Silver Tassie, Within the Gates, and The Star Turns Red, and examines how each promotes O'Casey's causes. The purpose of the thesis is not to promote a reworking of the biographical detail of O'Casey's life, but to trace the shift in the playwright's ideology - from Protestant Orange to Republican Green and finally, and most steadfastly, Socialist Red - and examine how these beliefs found voice in the characters and construction of his earlier plays.
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Colette, Gordon. "Moving passions: theories of affect in Renaissance love discourse and Shakespeare's Elizabethan plays." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/28268.
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The 1998 film, Shakespeare in Love, sets Will Shakespeare (and itself) the challenge to "show the nature and truth of love ... to make it [love] true" - with an ideal presentation of Romeo and Juliet. The film finally achieves this by ensuring that Will and Viola end on stage as Romeo and Juliet, playing the parts they respectively inspire. The film, and the play within the film, can achieve the satisfactory embodiment of true love only, it seems, through the replacement of stage lover/player with 'real' lovers. The film attempts to unite love and art, but finds stage representation naturally adverse to its idea of true (authentic) love. Persuasion is similarly suppressed as inimical to the film's notion of art as expressive (of authentic emotion). But, where love is conceived as spectacularly mobile, mimetic and transformative - as I show it was, in the early modem period - to effectively communicate and to affectively produce love are, of necessity, linked. Joseph Roach has pointed persuasively to rhetoric's strong connection with humoral theory. Using texts from Wilson, Wright and Bulwer, I pursue and extend his focus on the early modem passionate, rhetorical actor; the interface between body and mind; and the possibility of powerful rhetorical passions, generated in performance. The film assumes (true) love as an emotion that is rare, elusive and, crucially, authentic. But as a renaissance 'passion', love would have very different qualities. Such passions would be vital, dynamic forces, directly communicable and contagious, commonly available and commonly shared. I argue that love, more properly "affect" or "passion", was frequently valued in the Renaissance, not as a stable locus of inner truth and authenticity (the thinking that necessitates the suppression of the actor in Shakespeare in Love), but for its very ability to 'move' where, in Rosemond Tove's words, "the unity of the process moving: persuading is not disturbed." I look for this movement in a number of Shakespeare's Elizabethan plays, particularly The Two Gentlemen of Verona, Love's Labours Lost, A Midsummer Night's Dream, Romeo and Juliet, As You Like It, and Twelfth Night and examine the forms of passion in compelling topoi that attend love in the plays - Petrarchan tropes powerfully linked to early modem ideas of representation (especially dramatic) and the interaction, in imitation, between bodies and minds. Early modem passions threaten clear distinctions between desires and emotions, body and mind and, importantly, self and other. I argue that, when passions are communicable and shared, the passionating actor participates in ideal forms beyond realistic imitation or personal, interior emotional experience - a process to which the real, ideal love of Shakespeare in Love is superfluous.
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CHAMI-SATHER, GRECE. "MORAL THINKING OF AMERICAN: AMERICAN RESIDING IN LEBANON, LEBANESE BILINGUAL AND LEBANESE CHILDREN." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1088680072.
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Moka-Mubelo, Willy. "Reconciling Law and Morality in Human Rights Discourse: Beyond the Habermasian Account of Human Rights." Thesis, Boston College, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:104877.
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Thesis advisor: David M. Rasmussen<br>In this dissertation I argue for an approach that conceives human rights as both moral and legal rights. The merit of such an approach is its capacity to understand human rights more in terms of the kind of world free and reasonable beings would like to live in rather than simply in terms of what each individual is legally entitled to. While I acknowledge that every human being has the moral entitlement to be granted living conditions that are conducive to a dignified life, I maintain, at the same time, that the moral and legal aspects of human rights are complementary and should be given equal weight. The legal aspect compensates for the limitations of moral human rights the observance of which depends on the conscience of the individual, and the moral aspect tempers the mechanical and inhumane application of the law. Unlike the traditional or orthodox approach, which conceives human rights as rights that individuals have by virtue of their humanity, and the political or practical approach, which understands human rights as legal rights that are meant to limit the sovereignty of the state, the moral-legal approach reconciles law and morality in human rights discourse and underlines the importance of a legal framework that compensates for the deficiencies in the implementation of moral human rights. It not only challenges the exclusively negative approach to fundamental liberties but also emphasizes the necessity of an enforcement mechanism that helps those who are not morally motivated to refrain from violating the rights of others. Without the legal mechanism of enforcement, the understanding of human rights would be reduced to simply framing moral claims against injustices. Many traditional human rights theorists failed to reconcile the moral and legal aspects of human rights. That is why Jürgen Habermas, whose approach to human rights provides the guiding intuition of this dissertation, has been criticized for approaching human rights from a legal point of view, especially in Between Facts and Norms. Most of Habermas’s critics overlooked his goal in the project of reconstructing law. Habermas addresses the question of the legitimacy of modern law by finding good arguments for a law to be recognized as right and just. For him, modern law has two sources of legitimacy: human rights and popular sovereignty. He affirms their mutual presupposition in a system of rights within a constitutional democracy. In order to grasp Habermas’s moral considerations in his account of human rights, one has to go beyond Between Facts and Norms. That is why the relationship Habermas establishes between law and morality should constitute the starting point in understanding the moral dimension of human rights in his account of human rights. That relationship is clarified in the discussion on the interdependence between human rights and human dignity. Human dignity provides the ground from which human rights are interpreted and justified. Human dignity is the standpoint from which individuals can claim rights from one another on the basis of mutual respect. Because of human dignity, members of a political community can live as free and equal citizens. In order to achieve such a goal, there must be structures that facilitate social integration. Thus, the existence of a strong civil society that can stimulate discussion in the public sphere and promote a vigilant citizenry and respect for human rights becomes very important. The protection of human rights becomes a common and shared responsibility. Such a responsibility goes beyond the boundaries of nation-states and requires the establishment of a cosmopolitan human rights regime based on the conviction that all human beings are members of a community of fate and that they share common values which transcend the limits of their individual states. In a cosmopolitan human rights regime, people are protected as persons and not as citizens of a particular state. The realization of such a regime requires solidarity and the politics of compassion<br>Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2015<br>Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences<br>Discipline: Philosophy
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Martin, Christopher. "Education as a moral concept : Jurgen Habermas' discourse ethics and the morality of human development." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2010. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10006480/.
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This study is a philosophical examination of the fundamental normative status of the concept of education. If education has universal normative features, what are the conditions of possibility for these features? The thesis explores the extent to which and ways in which education specifically and human development more generally can be conceptualized and justified as a moral practice. It seeks to establish an ethics of human development that can serve as a normative standard upon which contemporary educational policies and practices can be critically assessed. Chapter One describes three general approaches to practical reasoning about education. Chapter Two undertakes a critical analysis of the relationship between education and practical reason through a reconstruction of R.S. Peters' analysis of the concept of education. Peters argues that education is fundamentally a normative project of initiation into the good. Chapter Three rejects the initiation into the good argument and adopts Peter's procedural ethics to develop the thesis that education is fundamentally a matter of initiation into practical reasoning generally. Chapter Four undertakes a detailed account of Jurgen Habermas' Discourse Ethics. It examines the limitation of the Peters version of the initiation into practical reason argument and defends the view that Habermas' Discourse Principle (D) can better support the initiation argument. Chapter Five examines three competing applications of (D) to educational questions. It concludes that an appropriately conceived practical principle for the fundamental justification of educational policies will be reflected in an expanded procedural moral principle of universalization (U). Chapter Six describes and defends such a principle that includes epistemic prohibitions against what I term 'developmental coercion'. The prohibition against such coercion is argued to secure conditions of possibility for the justification of moral norms of socialization and human development. In Chapter Seven, implications of morally legitimate socialization norms are explicated in more detail.
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Du, Toit Seugnet. "Of discourse and dialogue : the representation of power relationships in selected plays by Shakespeare." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53758.
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Thesis (MA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2004.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In this thesis I will look at the way in which power relationships are presented in
Shakespeare's dramas, with specific reference to the so-called ''Henriad'', Measure for
Measure and The Tempest. Each play consists of a network of power relationships in
which different forms of power interact on different levels. Different characters in the
above-mentioned plays have access to different forms of power according to their
position within these networks. The way in which the characters interact could also
cause or be influenced by shifts and changes in the networks of power relationships
that occur in the course of the action.
I will use Michel Foucault's theories on the relationship between power,
knowledge and discourse as a guide to my analysis of Measure for Measure. I will
also use selected aspects of Mikhail Bakhtin's theories on language and literature,
with specific references to the concepts of "dialogism" and "heteroglossia" or "manyvoicedness",
as well as his concept of carnival, which implies a temporary inversion
in power relationships in an unofficial festive context, as a guide to my analysis of the
Henriad. I will use a combination of the theories of Foucault and Bakhtin in my
analysis of The Tempest.
I have chosen the terms "discourse" and "dialogue" as key terms in the title of this
thesis not only because they play an important role in the theories of Foucault and
Bakhtin respectively, but also because they play an important role in the analysis and
representation of power relationships. According to Robert Young, Foucault relates
''the organisation of discourse ...to the exercise of power" (10). One could also say
that the power relationships in a society are reflected in the portrayal of a dialogue
between different voices representing different sections of or classes in that society as
in Bakhtin's principles of dialogism. I will explain the overall importance of these
terms in more detail in the Introduction and the other relevant chapters.
In the introductory chapter I will first provide a theoretical background for the
thesis as a whole. Then I will look at the specific theoretical principles that are
relevant to each chapter. In the chapter on the Henriad I will look at the way in which
an alternative perspective on power relations and the role of the king are created by
looking at them from the perspective of Bakhtin's concept of carnival. In the next chapter, I will show how Measure for Measure presents us with an evaluation of
different strategies of power, which I will look at from the perspective of Foucault's
theories on power, knowledge and discourse. In my chapter on The Tempest I will
combine aspects of both theories in my analysis of a play that presents us with a
complex analysis of power relationships as a social phenomenon. In the concluding
chapter I will look at the different perspectives on power relationships that emerged
from my previous chapters and attempt to see what its implications are for the
representation of power relationships in Shakespeare's work and perhaps as a social
phenomenon.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In hierdie tesis gaan ek kyk na die wyse waarop magsverhoudinge uit gebeeld
word in Shakespeare se dramas, met spesifieke verwysing na die sogenaamde
"Henriad", Measure for Measure en The Tempest. Elke drama bestaan uit 'n netwerk
van magsverhoudinge waarin verskillende vorme van mag op verskillende vlakke
wisselwerking uitoefen. Verskillende karakters in bogenoemde dramas het toegang
tot verskillende vorme van mag volgens hul posisie in die netwerke. Die manier
waarop die wisselwerking tussen die verskillende karakters plaasvind kan ook
verskuiwings en veranderinge in die netwerk van magsverhoudinge in die loop van
die aksie veroorsaak, of daar deur beïnvloedword.
Ek gaan Michel Foucault se teorieë oor die verhouding tussen mag, kennis en
diskoers as 'n gids tot my analise van Measure for Measure gebruik. Ek gaan ook
uitgesoekte aspekte van Mikhail Bakhtin se teorieë oor taal en literatuur, met
spesifieke verwysing na die konsepte van "dialogisme" en "heteroglossia" of "meerstemmigheid",
sowel as sy konsep van karnaval, wat 'n tydelike ommekeer in
magsverhoudinge in 'n onoffisiële feestelike konteks impliseer, as 'n gids tot my
analise van die Henriad gebruik. Ek sal 'n kombinasie van die teorieë van Foucault
en Bakhtin gebruik in my analise van The Tempest.
Ek het die terme "discourse" en "dialogue" as sleutel terme in die titel van hierdie
tesis gebruik, nie net omdat hulle 'n belangrike rol in die teorieë van Foucault en
Bakhtin onderskeidelik speel nie, maar ook omdat hulle 'n belangrike rol in die
analise en uitbeelding van magsverhoudinge speel. Volgens Robert Young verbind
Foucault die manier waarop diskoers georganiseer word met die uitoefening van mag
(10). Mens kan ook sê dat die magsverhoudinge in 'n gemeenskap gereflekteer word
in die uitbeelding van 'n dialoog tussen verskillende stemme wat verskillende dele
van of klasse in die gemeenskap verteenwoordig soos in Bakhtin se beginsel van
dialogisme. Ek sal die algehele belang van hierdie terme in meer besonderhede
bespreek in die inleidingen die ander relevante hoofstukke verduidelik.
In die inleidende hoofstuk gaan ek eers 'n teoretiese agtergrond vir die tesis as
geheel verskaf Dan sal ek kyk na die spesifieke teoretiese beginsels wat relevant is
tot elke hoofstuk. In die hoofstuk oor die Henriad gaan ek kyk hoe 'n alternatiewe perspektief op magsverhoudinge en die rol van die koning geskep word deur hulle te
beskou van uit die perspektief van Bakhtin se konsep van karnaval. In die volgende
hoofstuk sal ek kyk hoe Measure for Measure 'n evaluasie van verskillende
magsstrategieë aan ons voorlê, waarna ek gaan kyk van uit die perspektief van
Foucault se teorieë oor mag, kennis en diskoers. In my hoofstuk oor The Tempest
gaan ek aspekte van albei die teorieë kombineer in 'n drama wat 'n komplekse analise
van magsverhoudinge as 'n sosiale verskynsel aan ons voorln sosiale verskynsel aan
ons voorlê. In die laaste hoofstuk gaan ek kyk na die verskillende perspektiewe op
magsverhoudinge wat voortspruit uit die voorafgaande hoofstukke en kyk wat die
implikasie daarvan vir die uitbeelding van magsverhoudinge in Shakespeare se werk
en as 'n sosiale verskynsel is.
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Allan, Sean D. "Ideals and illusions : the subversion of discourse in the plays of Heinrich von Kleist." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.260508.
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Arcimavičienė, Liudmila. "Morality models through metaphors: a cross-linguistic analysis." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20100517_160515-95452.
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The present study has attempted the analysis of public discourse and its moral expectations through metaphor at a contrastive level in the theoretical framework of cognitive linguistics. The study deals with the identification of morality models in public discourse in English and Lithuanian. The materials of the study consist of analytical political articles extracted from the online archives of two following websites: (1) www.economist.com, (2) www.politika.lt. The collected data amounts to 415, 670 words in total. Three methods of analysis were applied to the collected data: qualitative, quantitative and contrastive. The analysis reveals that political affairs in both cultures are framed by the same conceptual metaphors. The structural composition of the conceptual metaphors has been examined in terms of the following thirteen SOURCE domains: MOTION, RELATIONSHIP, STRENGTH, HEALTH, SPORTS, WAR, ESSENCE, BUSINESS, DIRT, SENSES, WHOLENESS, THEATRE, and ANIMALS. The cross-mapping between SOURCE domains and TARGET domains is held by different epistemic correspondences, which leads to the variability of MORALITY models across the two languages, i.e. English and Lithuanian. British politics tends to be more varied in its moral expectations, which derive from three types of Morality Systems: Pragmatic, Rational and Integrated. Thus, the moral expectations governing British political discourse are based on the Complex Morality Model. By contrast, Lithuanian politics is... [to full text]<br>Ši disertacija – tai kontrastyvinio pobūdžio lingvistinis darbas, kurio tyrimų objektas yra viešasis anglų ir lietuvių kalbų diskursas politine tema. Darbo tikslas – nustatyti, kokiais moralės modeliais vadovaujamasi Didžiosios Britanijos ir Lietuvos viešajame diskurse politine tematika, remiantis metaforos analize. Moksliniam tyrimui buvo renkami analitiniai straipsniai, kuriuose aprašomi Lietuvos (www.politika.lt) ir Didžiosios Britanijos (www.economist.com) politiniai įvykiai ketverių (Britanijos atveju) ir dvejų (Lietuvos atveju) metų laikotarpiu. Visame sinchroniniame tyrime taikomas trianguliacijos metodas, leidžiantis ištirti metaforos raišką įvairiais aspektais, derinant kokybinius (aprašomąjį, analitinį ir kognityvinį) tyrimus su kiekybiniu tyrimu. Buvo nustatyta trylika universalių metaforų: JUDĖJIMAS, JĖGA, KARAS, GYVŪNAI, SANDARA, JUSLĖS, VISUMA, SPORTAS, SVEIKATA, SANTYKIAI, PURVAS, VERSLAS ir TEATRAS. Gretinamoji analizė rodo, kad anglų kalbos metaforos skiriasi nuo lietuvių kalbos metaforų savo epistemine sandara. Anglų kalbos metaforų analizė rodo vertinimą, grindžiamą kompleksiniu moralės modeliu. Toks politinių įvykių vertinimas byloja apie progresyvią demokratinę politinę sistemą, pasižyminčią dinamiškumu, vertinimų kaita ir įvairove. Lietuvių kalbos metaforų analizės metu nustatytas vyraujantis pragmatinis metaforos moralės modelis su labai nežymiai išreikštais kitais metaforos moralės modeliais. Toks Lietuvos politinių įvykių vertinimas rodo pragmatinės... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
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Davies, Callan John. "Strange devices on the Jacobean stage : image, spectacle, and the materialisation of morality." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/19236.
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Concentrating on six plays in the 1610s, this thesis explores the ways theatrical visual effects described as “strange” channel the period’s moral anxieties about rhetoric, technology, and scepticism. It contributes to debates in repertory studies, textual and material culture, intellectual history, theatre history, and to recent revisionist considerations of spectacle. I argue that “strange” spectacle has its roots in the materialisation of morality: the presentation of moral ideas not as abstract concepts but in physical things. The first part of my PhD is a detailed study of early modern moral philosophy, scepticism, and material and textual culture. The second part of my thesis concentrates on Shakespeare’s Cymbeline (1609-10) and The Tempest (1611), John Webster’s The White Devil (1612), and Thomas Heywood’s first three Age plays (1611-13). These spectacular plays are all written and performed within the years 1610-13, a period in which the changes, challenges, and developments in both stage technology and moral philosophy are at their peak. I set these plays in the context of the wider historical moment, showing that the idiosyncrasy of their “strange” stagecraft reflects the period’s interest in materialisation and its attendant moral anxieties. This thesis implicitly challenges some of the conclusions of repertory studies, which sometimes threatens to hierarchise early modern theatre companies by seeing repertories as indications of audience taste and making too strong a divide between, say, “elite” indoor and “citizen” outdoor playhouses. It is also aligned with recent revisionist considerations of spectacle, and I elide divisions in criticism between interest in original performance conditions, close textual analysis, or historical-contextual readings. I present “strangeness” as a model for appreciating the distinct aesthetic of these plays, by reading them as part of their cultural milieu and the material conditions of their original performance.
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Crummes, Cedric. "Modal Particles and Discourse Markers in Luxembourgish Emails, Plays, and Filmscripts : a Corpus-Basea Approach." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.521866.
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Potkalesky, Jill M. "The War of the Roses: Ritual Shaming, Morality, and Gender on the Radio." Scholar Commons, 2012. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4206.
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In this thesis, I show how a current radio program, War of the Roses, acts as a ritual of shaming that affirms the social order as moral order, involving moral condemnation, degradation of social identity, and public embarrassment (Goffman, 1956, 1967; Turner 1987). I use discourse analysis (DA) (e.g., Bergmann, 1998; Tracy, 2001; Tracy & Mirivel, 2008) and membership categorization analysis (Baker, 2000; Roulston, 2001) to examine eight transcripts from multiple versions of the War of the Roses radio program across the country. The basic premise of the radio program War of Roses involves a "caller" who suspects her or his partner of infidelity colluding with the radio DJ to devise a test to confirm whether or not the partner is in fact "cheating" on the relationship. The sequencing of the show inevitably involves exposing and confronting the cheater with their infidelity, and embarrassing the cheater in the public forum of the radio medium. Specifically, I trace how morality is enacted as a dynamic of talk-in-interaction, which requires a negotiation and authorization of claims, and involves differential access on the part of the DJ, the "cheater," and the victim to the social discourse of shaming and embarrassment.
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Bates, Kate. "Morality for the masses : the social significance of crime and punishment discourse in British broadsides, 1800-1850." Thesis, Keele University, 2013. http://eprints.keele.ac.uk/3829/.
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This thesis is a study of the sociological significance of crime and punishment discourse in early-nineteenth-century broadsides. Broadsides were a form of street literature and, for almost 300 years until the late nineteenth century, were a forerunner to our modern tabloid newspapers. As such, they were published on a wide range of topics, but by far the most prevalent were those covering violent crime, especially murder, and the public execution of criminals. The publication of this genre of broadside reached a peak in the first half of the nineteenth century and its popular appeal was greatest among the labouring poor. This has led several scholars to propose two prominent, yet contrasting, arguments: namely, that this ‘gallows literature’ should be read as either evidence of attempts at ideological social control or merely as a form of debased, sensationalistic entertainment. However, this thesis proposes that broadsides actually reveal ordinary people’s thoughts and feelings about crime and criminal justice and, as such, reflect common moralities and mentalities. By presenting a detailed discourse analysis of 650 broadsides printed all over Britain between the years 1800-1850, this thesis provides an alternative interpretation as to the form, function and meaning of their narratives of crime. This interpretation is based upon the social theories of Emile Durkheim, who recognised the higher utility of crime and punishment as being one of social integration and the preservation of moral boundaries. The central argument of this thesis, therefore, is that broadsides relating to crime and punishment were a form of moral communication for the masses and that they are examples of how the working class once attempted to bolster a sense of stability and community, during the transitional years of the early nineteenth century, by effectively representing both a consolidation and celebration of their core values and beliefs.
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McGarry, Theresa, and Kelsey Kiser. "Adverbial Clauses and Speaker and Interlocutor Gender in Shakespeare’s Plays." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6141.
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This study draws on previous findings regarding adverbial clauses in relation to speaker and interlocutor gender in a corpus of current actual speaker data. Our aim is to examine those same relations in a corpus of Shakespeare’s comedies and histories. Mondorf (2004) investigated four types of adverbial clauses in a corpus of modern speech and found that the women used more causal, conditional and purpose clauses than the men, while the men used more concessive clauses. Mondorf’s explanation for this difference is that women use the three clause types that mitigate the speaker’s commitment to the truth of the proposition, while men tend to use more concessives, which strengthen the commitment. She also found that in mixed-gender conversations these trends were generally intensified. However, other analyses have indicated that these patterns do not hold across contexts. Much more research is called for to understand the localized relations among adverbial clause usage, speaker gender and context in particular settings. One question to pursue is whether we can see gendered patterns of adverbial usage in historical varieties of English. Accordingly, in this study we analyse dialogue in Shakespeare’s plays to ascertain whether Mondorf’s findings can be extrapolated to the language of these fictional speakers. The results indicate that Shakespeare generally does not use the adverbial clauses to portray the gender of the characters in ways similar to those of actual, modern speakers. Only small differences are found, regarding purpose clauses in the histories and conditional clauses in the comedies. The analysis indicates that female and male characters speak very similarly with regard to syntax, and adverbial clauses contribute to the construction of characters in very localized contexts.
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Kaposi, David. "The clash of identities : discourse, politics, and morality in the exchange of letters between Hannah Arendt and Gershom Scholem." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2008. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/13852.
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This thesis analyses the fabled public exchange of letters that occurred between political theorist Hannah Arendt and historian of Jewish religion Gershom Scholem in 1964 following the historic trial of Adolf Eichmann and Arendt's subsequent publication of her report of the event, Eichmann in Jerusalem. The thesis covers the historical issues that form the contextual background to the exchange. It involves the introduction of the two participants as defining Jewish intellectuals of the past century, the course of the trial itself and the political and ideological problems it entailed as well as the turbulent history of the reception of Arendt's book. It is down to these four factors that guaranteed the eminence of the exchange of letters analysed in the thesis. Oft-quoted as the exchange is, there has been no proper analysis of it to this date. To accomplish this task, the thesis adopts the theoretical-methodological framework of discourse analysis in general, and the version of rhetorically oriented discursive psychology, proposed mainly in the publications of Potter and Wetherell (1987) and Billig (1996), in particular. This approach allows the thesis to provide a fine-grained analysis of the various ways of textual construction. Firstly, the ways examined concern the significance, worth and value of the debate itself, as formulated by both of the participants. Secondly, they involve the construction of the attempt to establish definite versions of the content of the book. Thirdly, they cover the textual acts of accounting for that content, or the practice of misinterpretation of that content, respectively. What all these three aspects have in common is the positioning of the problems touched upon in a moral and political context, and ultimately approaching them in terms of the identities of the participants. In this sense, versions of the events and ways of accounting for it will not only aim at producing accurate descriptions of events but in the forms of an implied morality or politics an implied "action-plan" for the future as well. The construction of Arendt and Scholem is, hence, analysed in terms of its argumentative organisation in order to undermine the other's counterversion and to establish its own as the definite one. While, structurally, there are many similarities in the two letters, what distinguishes them is that they conceive of their objects (i.e. the text), subject positions, and political or moral values according to which they should be assessed in quite diametrically opposite ways. This thesis not only registers the various rhetorical ways the participants fashion their versions as definite ones, but also accounts for the differences in their contents.
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Alkabani, Feras. "Orientalism between text and experience : Richard Burton, T.E. Lawrence and the changing discourse of sexual morality in the Arab East." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2014. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/51602/.
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This thesis examines certain narratives in Richard Burton's and T.E. Lawrence's encounters with the Arab East. By juxtaposing both Orientalists' accounts of Arab sexuality with the changes that had been taking place in Arabic literary and cultural discourse of the time, I highlight what appears to be a disparity in representation. Nonetheless, I argue that this disparity stems from a perception of ‘difference' that characterises the relationship between East and West. This perception of ‘difference' is further explored in the writings of Arab scholars on European culture since the beginning of the Euro-‐Arab encounter in the nineteenth century. I expose the epistemological bases of this modern encounter and situate it within the political changes that had been shaping the emerging Middle East on the eve of modernity. Burton and Lawrence are also situated within this context. I show how their Orientalist discourse involved a process of conflating ‘text' and ‘experience' while interacting with the Arab East. This conflation is evident in their textual rendition of certain experiential episodes they underwent in the Orient. While both Orientalists' attraction to the Arab East may have been epistemological in origin, I argue that their narratives on Arab homoeroticism have been discursively subjective. In this, they appear to reflect the selectivity with which fin-‐de-‐siècle Arab scholars had been reproducing accounts of their past cultural heritage; albeit paradoxically. When Burton and Lawrence seem to have been heightening manifestations of Arab male-to-male sexuality, their contemporary Arab intellectuals had been engaged in a process of systematic attenuation of the traces of past depictions of homoerotic desire in Arabic literature. Although I focus on analysing texts from both Orientalists, I also draw on contemporary historical events, for they form part of the contextual framework in which my analysis operates.
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Lesniewski, Sebastian. "Evangelicals and Anglo-Catholics on grey areas of morality : a computer-aided analysis of interview discourse from two Anglican congregations." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.730253.
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This study contributes to research into the relationship between people's religious affiliations and their conversational use of language, by analysing spoken language of congregants from two ideologically different churches within the Church o f England. I interviewed twenty Evangelical Anglicans from Christ Church Cambridge and twenty Anglo-Catholics from Little Saint Mary's Cambridge, comprising equal numbers of male and female participants, about their opinions on three contemporary moral issues: styles of dress, smoking tobacco, and caring for the environment. Since these topics are not explicitly regulated by the Church of England, they might be labelled as "grey areas" of morality. The transcribed and digitised texts were analysed using corpus methods to provide key words and phrases, which served the basis of qualitative discussion. I have explored my respondents' use o f religious and secular registers, and I have weighed my findings against the existing knowledge about different types o f congregations. The original contribution to knowledge that this thesis proposes is threefold. Firstly, it demonstrates how religious affiliation can be reflected in the spoken language of grass-roots congregants, not only in conceptual content, but also at the stylistic and argumentational levels. Secondly, the findings presented in my thesis indicate how the typology of congregations proposed by Paul Heelas and Linda Woodhead can be associated with patterns of spoken language use. Thirdly, my thesis shows how ordinary contemporary Anglicans conceptualise these new "grey areas" of morality in spoken discourse.
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Anesti, Maria. "'La femme modèle' from the first communicant to the affectionate mother : a dialogue between painting and moral discourse under the early Third Republic (1870-1900)." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/7574.
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This PhD dissertation seeks to define the configuration and evolution of French women’s moral identity and social status, through works of art created during the first thirty years of the Third Republic (1870-1900). More specifically, my thesis investigates the artistic perception and visual recording of “traditional” female roles and analyses the socio-historical factors which contributed to the construction of the ideal woman. I focus on the representation of young girls’ education and First Communion and study the portrayal of maternity which was perceived both as a personal role and a republican ideal. Furthermore, I consider the institutions of marriage and family through portraits and scenes of everyday life. The woman’s relations to the Catholic Church within a secular state, as well as the notions of chastity and patriotism, are thoroughly explored. In my dissertation I prioritised nineteenth century texts, where French doctors, demographers and statesmen from different ideological backgrounds give moral guidelines concerning hygiene, breastfeeding and childcare, or analyse phenomena such as the birth rate decline. The writings of these authors who communicated major social anxieties served as an evaluative platform; more specifically, I ventured to see how French painters and illustrators participated to the most important debates of their time. Therefore, the criterion for the choice of images was not artistic excellence, but their engagement with the moral and social issues I decided to consider. Since in my thesis pictures are treated within a socio-historical context, I was challenged to achieve a balance between the visual and theoretical material, making them inter-relate effectively. Finally, my time-frame covers the three first decades of the French Third Republic and observes the succession of different governments. I investigate to what extent certain social attitudes which were developed during this period of thirty years shifted, and try to find out whether these alterations are conveyed in painting.
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Ramakrishnan, Srilakshmi. ""Modernization of Tradition": Contested Discourses and Negotiated Ideologies of Fairness, Gender, and Morality in the South Indian Media." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/194410.
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This dissertation explored the ways in which the everyday life practices of most urban Indians embodied the "modernization of tradition" (Hancock, 1999) and the role that media texts played in facilitating and encouraging this modernization. The research is based on six months of ethnographic fieldwork conducted from June through December 2005, in the south-Indian city of Chennai, which has traditionally been regarded as a conservative city. Examining the Indian media as a discursive site where normative ideologies are not only constructed but also co-constructed, the study explored and examined how the discourses of tradition and modernity were contested in the south Indian media. It also identified and interpreted the ways in which dominant ideologies at the nexus of color/caste and gender/morality were negotiated by an urban city and its residents in the move towards modernity.Data included three different but inter-related sub-genres of print media texts -- visual images, textual advertisements, and news articles. The primary dataset of visual images consisted of 300 product advertisements culled from four, nationally available, English-language magazines gathered from the two genres of news and film. Textual data sets comprising the matrimonial advertisements and the news articles were gathered from the local editions of two nationally-available English-language newspapers. The broader ethnographic investigation included participant observations, individual formal and informal interviews, and focus group discussions with adult residents of Chennai. The data were analyzed using a multi-discursive and multidisciplinary approach. The analyses were informed by conceptual approaches which included: social semiotics and the multimodal theory of communication, genre analysis, critical discourse and feminist critical discourse analyses, and alternative modernities.In examining the media texts as the site where dominant sociocultural ideologies were being constantly configured and reconfigured, the analyses identified and examined the workings of three interconnected themes - fairness (in relation to skin color), gender, and morality. Through these themes, the dissertation examined the larger contestations and negotiations between the discourses of traditions and modernities as experienced by adult residents of urban Chennai. The discourses of identity construction and reconstruction were thus examined at the nexus of the individual self situated within the larger frame of the city.
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Swanson, Michael David. ""The Vehicle of Delight and Morality": Humor and Sentiment in the Plays of John O'Keeffe as a Reflection of Late Eighteenth-Century English Theatrical Comedy." The Ohio State University, 1991. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1382014382.
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Stone, Robin. "How does it mean? : a discourse analysis of four plays by Harold Pinter, Simon Gray, David Mamet, and Sam Shepard /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9964002.
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Anderson, Sheri L. "Status & solidarity through codeswitching: three plays by Dolores Prida." Thesis, Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/536.
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This analysis employs the sociolinguistic framework of status and solidarity (Holmes, 2001) to examine the use of codeswitching on the relational development between the characters in three plays by Cuban-American playwright Dolores Prida. The three plays discussed are Beautiful Señoritas (1978), Coser y cantar (1981) and Botánica (1991). Linguistic scholars recognize the lack of linguistic analysis of literary texts; specifically, codeswitching at present is not fully explored as a linguistic phenomenon in written contexts. Furthermore, Prida's works have never before been appraised using linguistic methodology. Hence, this work aims to add to scholarly research in the fields of codeswitching, discourse analysis, and literary linguistics, using the status and solidarity framework to examine the codeswitching in Dolores Prida's plays. Dolores Prida is a feminist and Hispanic dramatist whose central theme is the search for identity of Hispanic immigrants, specifically women, in the United States today. Due to her ideological stance, it is expected that a strong emphasis on solidarity rather than status and the use of affective rather than referential speech functions are present in the relationships in her plays. Accordingly, the analysis of Botánica reveals that indeed codeswitching between the characters does affect their relational development in maintaining solidarity and intimacy. However, the relationships found in Beautiful Señoritas and Coser y cantar do not offer such conclusions, due to the variable nature of the relationships identified. Further analysis of these and other literary works will more accurately determine benefits of the status and solidarity framework as applied to the codeswitching research.
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Jonsson, Carla. "Code-switching in Chicano Theater : Power, Identity and Style in Three Plays by Cherríe Moraga." Doctoral thesis, Umeå University, Modern Languages, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-498.
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<p>The thesis examines local and global functions of code-switching and code-mixing in Chicano theater, i.e. in writing intended for performance. The data of this study consists of three published plays by Chicana playwright Cherríe Moraga. </p><p>Distinguishing between code-switching and code-mixing, the investigation explores local and global functions of these phenomena. Local functions of code-switching are functions that can be seen in the text and, as a consequence, can be regarded as meaningful for the audience of the plays. These functions are examined, focussing on five loci in which code-switching is frequent and has clear local functions. The loci are quotations, interjections, reiterations, ‘gaps’ and word/language play. </p><p>Global functions of code-switching and code-mixing operate on a higher level and are not necessarily detected in the actual texts. These functions are discussed, focussing on two main areas, namely power relations (addressing questions of domination, resistance and empowerment) and identity construction (addressing questions of how identity can be reflected by use of language and how identity is constructed and reconstructed by means of language). </p><p>The study suggests that code-switching fills creative, artistic and stylistic functions in the plays and that code-switching and code-mixing can serve as responses to domination in that they can be used to resist, challenge and ultimately transform power relations.</p>
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Jakobsson, Emma. "How can we know anything in questions of morality? : A Critical Assessment of Rainer Forst’s Theory of Justification." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-351659.
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When discussing any question in which a human being has a moral claim or a moral choice to make we need to address the justification of those claims and actions. Hence one can ask the question whether we can discuss a justification of moral judgments without having any specific knowledge about any corresponding fact or if it is possible to justify a moral judgment without having that kind of knowledge. This thesis has critically assessed Rainer Forst’s justification theory in relation to moral epistemology, aiming at clarifying his position on the matter. The study shows that Forst’s position is one of a cognitivist nature with a form of rational constructivism. The thesis suggests an alternative approach to Forst’s justification theory. Forst should take on an empiricist explanation when it comes to justifying moral judgements and therefore an epistemology that is not rationalism. Therefore, I suggest a form of realism when it comes to the discussion of his ontology.
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Dawood, Rasha Ahmed Khairy Hafez. "Critical discourse within European plays in the first half of the twentieth century and the manifestations of a similar phenomenon in modern Egyptian drama." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/15359.
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This thesis closely examines the utilisation of dramatic characters’ comments on matters of literary and theatrical criticism. This phenomenon shaped a trend in European theatre during the first half of the twentieth century, and Egyptian theatre in the second half of the century. My main hypotheses are, firstly, that dramatic characters’ comments on literary and theatrical matters of criticism respond to specific problems that challenge theatre practice. Thus, my reading of literary and theatrical criticism within the dramatic texts studied in my thesis focuses on this criticism’s reformative function to rectify the crisis that faces theatre practice in general, rather than playwrights’ individual motives, such as responding to their critics. Secondly, socio-political, economic, and cultural aspects shape historical circumstances, which influence the current state of the theatre industry. Therefore, although Egyptian plays are noticeably influenced by European metatheatre, Egyptian playwrights utilise these borrowed techniques to highlight specific problems of Egyptian theatre such as the corrupt administration of governmental theatre and censorship. Finally, while Egyptian plays exploit European metatheatrical techniques, Egyptian playwrights claimed their works as a revival of intrinsically anti-illusionist traditional forms of entertainment such as the shadow play and Karagöz. This claim reflected increasing calls for pure Egyptian theatre, as part of the anti-Western jingoistic discourse of the political regime of the 1950s. In order to examine these assumptions, my theoretical approach draws from the fields of metatheatrical studies; literary and performance studies of parody and intertextuality; the history of European and Egyptian theatre; sociological, political and cultural studies; theories of modern criticism, and critical reviews. My contribution to the field of metatheatrical studies is in highlighting the reformative function of literary and theatrical criticism, whether as a discourse or a metatheatrical device, within a group of European plays that belong to different movements of the avant-garde during the first half of the twentieth century. More significantly, my study investigates the same phenomenon in Egyptian plays that, since the 1980s, have gradually been marginalised as fringe theatre and neglected by academic studies.
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Kardos, Bogata. "Problematizing Discourse on Poverty and Social Justice : A critical analysis of the knowledge production of SDG education materials in the context of Nord Anglia Education." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för pedagogik och didaktik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-189769.
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Education has an important role in working towards equity and social justice. Education is assigned the role to balance out inequalities in education, and to provide people with opportunity for social mobility. This thesis seeks to critically explore international curricula in the context of an international private school company. The theoretical framework of this study is drawn on moral philosophy (Pogge), intersectionality and transnational feminist theory (Mohanty and Nancy Fraser), and previous critical knowledge on globalisation, international schools, social inequality and social justice. This study seeks to conceptualize a critical position towards the neoliberal agenda organizing globalization and argues that the current system actively maintains social inequality and poverty. It takes a stance against the globalizing, neoliberal, capitalist economy, claiming that it is inherently hierarchical, maintains the current hegemonic status quo between the social classes, and deprives big groups of people of their basic human rights. Furthermore, this thesis claims that educational actors have moral responsibility in striving for a more equal society. The scope of the research is the discourse on poverty and social justice created by an international, private school company, Nord Anglia Education and by educational materials for the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.
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Blombäck, Anna. "Supplier brand image - a catalyst for choice : Expanding the B2B brand discourse by studying the role corporate brand image plays in the selection of subcontractors." Doctoral thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, EMM (Entrepreneurskap, Marknadsföring, Management), 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-72.
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This thesis discusses brands and branding in a B2B context by investigating the role corporate brand image plays during the selection of subcontractors and, furthermore, how subcontractors might pursue branding as an active communication strategy. The background for these questions can be found in the evolving topics of corporate communications and B2B branding. The empirical parts focus on how buyers and sellers representing nine companies in the subcontractor context describe different phases and processes included in sales and purchasing. The results indicate that subcontractor corporate brand image can play different roles depending on the buyers’ situation. The type of product and buy class, in addition to the availability of time, known subcontractors and information sources, prove to have an impact on buyer behaviour and, consequently, the role played by corporate brand image. The analysis of subcontractor branding reveals that, although the brand concept is not in focus, branding activities can be identified. However, it also indicates that the reality of subcontractor branding is not in compliance with the theory on corporate branding and communications, which might be criticised for giving a too straightforward approach to the introduction of integrated and corporate-wide communications management.
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Neighorn, C. Allen. "Los Actos of El Teatro Campesino and Luiz Valdéz 1965-1967: A Study with Comparison to the Early English Morality Play." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1216911751.
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Moyer, Jessica. "Materialism as morality in the ANWR oil drilling debate : a critical investigation into the reification of science, the marginalization of values, and the power of discourse within environmental conflict." Thesis, Queen Margaret University, 2014. https://eresearch.qmu.ac.uk/handle/20.500.12289/7353.
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Modern science is well established as the institution through which knowledge is legitimated, facts are produced, and credibility is assigned. Operating within the prevailing capitalist socio-political order, science is also controlled by the wealthy elite, whose resources are required for its production, evaluation, and implementation. Beyond disproportionately serving powerful interests, however, science enables the most privileged groups within society to embolden certain understandings of the world and marginalize others, to shape public perceptions, behaviors, and norms, and thus to reinforce the existing social systems and institutions that support their own dominance. Building on critical scholarship that addresses inequality by problematizing the structures and practices that reproduce power, this thesis examines the prominent and politically opposed positions of the oil industry and mainstream environmentalists in the U.S. policy debate over whether to permit petroleum development in Alaska’s Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR). Specifically, through Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), I explore how these two ‘mid-stream’ scientific actors, which have effectively appropriated the wider ‘for’ and ‘against’ drilling campaigns respectively, each engage with the generation as well as dissemination of technical knowledge in order to substantiate their arguments and enhance the authority of their claims. The analysis presented here demonstrates that the hegemonic framing of the ANWR conflict, which I describe in terms of Materialism as Morality, reifies scientific expertise whilst burying values beneath assumptions of objectivity and neutrality. It also allows incongruent truth claims to eclipse the many legitimate but competing perspectives, priorities, investments, ideologies, risks, and ethical dilemmas that lie at the heart of the ANWR drilling debate. Moreover, this framing is implicit in the perpetuation of systemic social and environmental injustice. Ultimately, my research argues for a transformative politics that engages all stakeholders in the negotiation of competing interests, the discussion of social values, and the production of scientific knowledge; and above all, which recognizes the interconnectivity of all three.
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Slefinger, John T. "Refashioning Allegorical Imagery: From Langland to Spenser." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu150048449869678.
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Arcimavičienė, Liudmila. "Moralės modeliai viešajame diskurse: kontrastyvinė metaforų analizė." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20100517_160502-21233.
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Ši disertacija – tai kontrastyvinio pobūdžio lingvistinis darbas, kurio tyrimų objektas yra viešasis anglų ir lietuvių kalbų diskursas politine tema. Darbo tikslas – nustatyti, kokiais moralės modeliais vadovaujamasi Didžiosios Britanijos ir Lietuvos viešajame diskurse politine tematika, remiantis metaforos analize. Moksliniam tyrimui buvo renkami analitiniai straipsniai, kuriuose aprašomi Lietuvos (www.politika.lt) ir Didžiosios Britanijos (www.economist.com) politiniai įvykiai ketverių (Britanijos atveju) ir dvejų (Lietuvos atveju) metų laikotarpiu. Visame sinchroniniame tyrime taikomas trianguliacijos metodas, leidžiantis ištirti metaforos raišką įvairiais aspektais, derinant kokybinius (aprašomąjį, analitinį ir kognityvinį) tyrimus su kiekybiniu tyrimu. Buvo nustatyta trylika universalių metaforų: JUDĖJIMAS, JĖGA, KARAS, GYVŪNAI, SANDARA, JUSLĖS, VISUMA, SPORTAS, SVEIKATA, SANTYKIAI, PURVAS, VERSLAS ir TEATRAS. Gretinamoji analizė rodo, kad anglų kalbos metaforos skiriasi nuo lietuvių kalbos metaforų savo epistemine sandara. Anglų kalbos metaforų analizė rodo vertinimą, grindžiamą kompleksiniu moralės modeliu. Toks politinių įvykių vertinimas byloja apie progresyvią demokratinę politinę sistemą, pasižyminčią dinamiškumu, vertinimų kaita ir įvairove. Lietuvių kalbos metaforų analizės metu nustatytas vyraujantis pragmatinis metaforos moralės modelis su labai nežymiai išreikštais kitais metaforos moralės modeliais. Toks Lietuvos politinių įvykių vertinimas rodo pragmatinės... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]<br>The present study has attempted the analysis of public discourse and its moral expectations through metaphor at a contrastive level in the theoretical framework of cognitive linguistics. The study deals with the identification of morality models in public discourse in English and Lithuanian. The materials of the study consist of analytical political articles extracted from the online archives of two following websites: (1) www.economist.com, (2) www.politika.lt. The collected data amounts to 415, 670 words in total. Three methods of analysis were applied to the collected data: qualitative, quantitative and contrastive. The analysis reveals that political affairs in both cultures are framed by the same conceptual metaphors. The structural composition of the conceptual metaphors has been examined in terms of the following thirteen SOURCE domains: MOTION, RELATIONSHIP, STRENGTH, HEALTH, SPORTS, WAR, ESSENCE, BUSINESS, DIRT, SENSES, WHOLENESS, THEATRE, and ANIMALS. The cross-mapping between SOURCE domains and TARGET domains is held by different epistemic correspondences, which leads to the variability of MORALITY models across the two languages, i.e. English and Lithuanian. British politics tends to be more varied in its moral expectations, which derive from three types of Morality Systems: Pragmatic, Rational and Integrated. Thus, the moral expectations governing British political discourse are based on the Complex Morality Model. By contrast, Lithuanian politics is... [to full text]
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Sosio, Manuela. "“Traditional Values” and Sex Education in Russia: how opponents frame their arguments in online media." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informatik och media, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-452841.
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This research contributes to understanding the attitudes of Russian politicians towards sex education in schools and the kind of argumentation styles they use to oppose it. The paper is based on a framing analysis of the arguments of two important opponents to sex education: Pavel Astakhov, a Russian politician and former Children’s Rights Commissioner from 2009 to 2016; and Yelena Mizulina, Chairman of the State Duma Committee on Family Affairs, Women and Children since 2008, using online media sources in a ten-year period (2011-2021). The analysis finds that Astakhov’s most used frames are the disapproval of children’s exposure to new, different attitudes, the interference in Russian traditions by the West and the spread of a gender discourse in Russia. Mizulina focuses mainly on the unfitness of teachers since sex education should only be addressed by parents, and on the “right age” to start talking about it with young people. From the results, both politicians seem to strongly oppose comprehensive sex education (CSE), but Astakhov proposes to adopt a type of abstinence-only curriculum (AO), while Mizulina tries to completely discourage sex education of any kind for school-aged children.
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Johnson, Toria Anne. "'Piteous overthrows' : pity and identity in early modern English literature." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/4197.
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This thesis traces the use of pity in early modern English literature, highlighting in particular the ways in which the emotion prompted personal anxieties and threatened Burckhardtian notions of the self-contained, autonomous individual, even as it acted as a central, crucial component of personal identity. The first chapter considers pity in medieval drama, and ultimately argues that the institutional changes that took place during the Reformation ushered in a new era, in which people felt themselves to be subjected to interpersonal emotions – pity especially – in new, overwhelming, and difficult ways. The remaining three chapters examine how pity complicates questions of personal identity in Renaissance literature. Chapter Two discusses the masculine bid for pity in courtly lyric poetry, including Philip Sidney's Astrophil and Stella and Barnabe Barnes's Parthenophil and Parthenophe, and considers the undercurrents of vulnerability and violation that emerge in the wake of unanswered emotional appeals. This chapter also examines these themes in Spenser's The Faerie Queene and Sidney's Arcadia. Chapter Three also picks up the element of violation, extending it to the pitiable presentation of sexual aggression in Lucrece narratives. Chapter Four explores the recognition of suffering and vulnerability across species boundaries, highlighting the use of pity to define humanity against the rest of the animal kingdom, and focusing in particular on how these questions are handled by Shakespeare in The Tempest and Ben Jonson, in Bartholomew Fair. This work represents the first extended study of pity in early modern English literature, and suggests that the emotion had a constitutive role in personal subjectivity, in addition to structuring various forms of social relation. Ultimately, the thesis contends that the early modern English interest in pity indicates a central worry about vulnerability, but also, crucially, a belief in the necessity of recognising shared, human weakness.
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Torrey, Michael David. "Anxieties of deception in English morality plays and Shakespearean drama /." 1996. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/9701287.
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Rose, Deidre. "Morality plays : popular theatre for AIDS awareness in the Commonwealth of Dominica." 2005. http://link.library.utoronto.ca/eir/EIRdetail.cfm?Resources__ID=370750&T=F.
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Ntuli, Zanele Nonhlanhla. "Gender and dramatic discourse with reference to Zakes Mda's selected plays." Diss., 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/26234.
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Text in English, Tswana and siSwati<br>This dissertation examines the multiplicity of social positions within which African
women in the postcolonial era find themselves. It focuses on how the dramatic
dialogue depicts the positions of women in Zakes Mda’sThe Nun’s Romantic Story,
And the Girls in their Sunday Dresses and You Fool, How can the Sky Fall. The
study is intended to explore the dramatic dialogue in these plays and to show
whether there is any evidence of change in women’s positions. It seeks to
demonstrate the extent to which the positions of women have changed and also
how the dramatic dialogue in the selected plays of Zakes Mda indicates the change
in women’s positions.<br>Thutopatlisiso eno e tlhatlhoba maemo a loago a mantsintsi a basadi ba
maAforika ba ba tshelang mo motlheng wa morago ga puso ya bokoloniale ba
iphitlhelang ba le mo go ona. E tota ka moo puisano ya terama e bontshang
maemo a basadi ka gona mo The Nun’s Romantic Story, And the Girls in
their Sunday Dresses le You Fool, How can the Sky Fall tsa ga Zakes Mda.
Maikaelelo a thutopatlisiso ke go sekaseka puisano ya terama mo
metshamekong eno go bontsha gore a go na le bosupi bope jwa diphetogo
mo maemong a basadi. E batla go bontsha ka moo maemo a basadi a
fetogileng ka gona le ka moo puisano ya terama mo metshamekong e e
tlhophilweng ya ga Zakes Mda e bontshang diphetogo mo maemong a basadi
ka gona.<br>Ledisetheshini ihlolisisa tikhundlanyenti tetenhlalo bomake base-Afrika
labatitfola bakuto ngemuva kwesikhatsi sembuso webukolonali
(umbusobucalu). Igcile ekutsini inkhulumomphendvulwane emidlalweni
yaZakes Mda itikhombisa kanjani letikhundla tabomake; i-The Nun’s Romantic
Story [Indzaba yelutsandvo yemasisitela], ne-Girls in their Sunday Dresses
[Emantfombatana etingutjeni tawo teLisontfo] ne-You Fool [Wena Silima], How
can the Sky Fall [Singawa kanjani Sibhakabhaka]. Lolucwaningo lwentelwe
kuhlolisisa inkhulumomphendvulwane kulemidlalo kanye nekukhombisa kutsi
ingabe bukhona yini bufakazi bengucuko etikhundleni tabomake. Ifuna
kukhombisa kutsi tikhundla tabomake tigucuke kangakanani kanye nekutsi
inkhulumomphendvulwane emidlalweni lekhetsiwe yaZakes Mda ikukhombisa
kanjani kugucuka kwetikhundla tabomake.<br>English Studies<br>M.A.(Theory of Literature)
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Spitz, Alice [Verfasser]. "Power plays : the representation of mother-daughter disputes in contemporary plays by women ; a study in discourse analysis / vorgelegt von Alice Spitz." 2006. http://d-nb.info/979505364/34.
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Brown, Verna. "Yesterday's deformities : a discussion of the role of memory and discourse in the plays of Samuel Beckett." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/888.
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Although Samuel Beckett's plays indicate his abiding interest in the complex functioning of memory, little has been written on the topic. The aim of this study, therefore, is to examine the wide-ranging, specific approaches towards recall and forgetting that he reflects in his drama. Because conversational strategies are grounded in cognitive processes, the interplay between memory and discourse will also be probed.
The thesis foregrounds Beckett's profound distrust of memory functioning, as well as his conviction that `yesterday' has dangerous power to `deform'. Through his own perception and his psychological study of dysfunctional, decaying and trauma-charged memories, he is able to apply a comprehensive knowledge-base to the creation of his time-damaged characters. In the scrutiny of their autobiographical memories, the reconstructive and imaginative components become apparent. These are mainly shown to alienate characters from one another, so that Beckett's claim that memory can remedy suffering becomes questionable.
The investigation is informed by a variety of critical disciplines, as well as insights derived from the Proust Monograph. Beckett's investigation of the psychology of the 1930s is evaluated, in addition to current medical and psychological research into gerontology, amnesia, dementia, and the repressed or obsessive memories of the neurotic. Conway's work on the characteristic features of autobiographical memory illuminates relevant Beckett plays. An appraisal of discourse studies focuses on language and power, phatic communication and the multiple speech acts that reflect the functioning of normal and dysfunctional memory. Reference to the work of Lacan and Derrida enhances discussion of the inadequacy of language. To give due attention to the theatrical component of Beckett's drama, enactment, performance criticism and audience reception of his plays are discussed.<br>English Studies<br>D.Litt. et Phil.
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Suh, Joseph Che. "A study of translation strategies in Guillaume Oyono Mbia's plays." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1687.
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This thesis is focused on a study of translation strategies in Guillaume Oyono Mbia's plays. By using the sociological, formalistic and semiotic approaches to literary criticism to inform the analysis of the source texts and by applying descriptive models outlined within the framework of descriptive translation studies (DTS) to compare the source and target texts, the study establishes the fact that in his target texts Oyono Mbia, self-translating author, has produced a realistic and convincing portrait of his native Bulu culture and society depicted in his source texts by adopting the same default preservation and foreignizing strategy employed in his source texts. Oyono Mbia's works, his translation strategies and translational behaviour are situated in the context of the prevailing trend and attitude (from the sixties to date) of African writers writing in European languages and it is posited that this category of writers are in effect creative translators and that the strategies they use in their original compositions are the same as those outlined by translation scholars or effectively used by practitioners. These strategies enable the writer and the translator of this category of African literature to preserve the "Africanness" which is the essence and main distinguishing feature of that literature. Contrary to some scholars (cf. Bandia 1993:58) who regard the translation phenomenon evident in the creative writings of African writers writing in European languages as a process which is covert, semantic and secondary, the present study of Oyono Mbia's translation strategies clearly reveals the process as overt, communicative and primary. Taking Oyono Mbia's strategies as a case in point, this study postulates that since for the most part, the African writer writing in a European language has captured the African content and form in his original creative translation, what the translator simply needs to do is to carry over such content and form to the other European language.<br>Linguistics<br>D.Litt. et Phil. (Linguistics)
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Kuczynski, Vanessa Fanny. "An analytical evaluation of Macintyre's critique of the modern conception of the enlightenment project." Diss., 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/2011.
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Modernity has generally been interpreted as a radical expression of human progress in the light of the advances of modern science and technology. According to Alasdair MacIntyre, however, modernity is a project "doomed to failure". Given the progressive-linearity of the modern model of rationality, the past has, in principle, been ruled out as a source of moral-political wisdom and guidance. From the perspective of modernity, the present (as the progressive moment of the future) has therefore nothing to learn from past traditions. MacIntyre contends that the moral confusion within modernity comes from its loss of telos, mediated in terms of the past. Modernity therefore harbours a paradox based on its inability to provide a philosophical justification for establishing the possibility of human solidarity in the present, while simultaneously affirming its faith in the future. In this regard, MacIntyre's work is an important contribution to the philosophical debate on modernity.<br>Philosophy<br>M. A. (Philosophy)