Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Douleurs'
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Bonnabesse, Le Fur AnaÏs. "Neuromodulation des douleurs par l'entraînement dans les douleurs diffuses." Thesis, Brest, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BRES0015.
Full textFibromyalgia affects 1.4–2.2% of the general population, predominately women (more than 80% of subjects). This syndrome is characterised by chronic widespread pain, sleep disturbances, cognitive dysfunction, emotional disorders and chronic fatigue.Physiopathological mechanisms of FM are not fully elucidated but FM is considered a stress related syndrome. Studies on the stress axis in FM have demonstrated dysfunction of both the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) and the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis. This stress axis deficit (ANS and HPA) could consequently induce dysregulation of pain modulation. According to this hypothesis and using two clinical trials, our main objective is to assess the efficacy of a specific training program on pain and symptoms in female fibromyalgia patients.Firstly, a 5-year observational study shows that overall care coupled with specific physical training [3 sessions of 45 minutes per week of Moderate Intensity Continuous Training (MICT) gradually associated with High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT)] may lead to dramatic improvement of FM symptoms. Secondly, the initial results of a 24-month, controlled, randomised trial (RCT) confirm dysregulation of central pain modulation and a deficit of the autonomic balance, at least in a percentage of FM patients. This specific, supervised, individualised training program with exercise intensity defined to rebalance the neurovegetative system (parasympathetic tone and sympathetic reactivity), associated by peripheric effects as the improvement of muscle perfusion, may allow FM to be treated through central neuroplasticity
Libeau, Dorothée Denis-Delpierre Nathalie. "Douleurs cancéreuses réfractaires." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2007. http://castore.univ-nantes.fr/castore/GetOAIRef?idDoc=16851.
Full textROUSSELLE, FRANCK. "Les douleurs des amputes." Lille 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LIL2M092.
Full textJulien, Nancy. "Systèmes inhibiteurs de la douleur chez des sujets sains et des patients souffrant de douleurs chroniques." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2008. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/5327.
Full textJulien, Nancy. "Systèmes inhibiteurs de la douleur chez des sujets sains et des patients souffrant de douleurs chroniques /." Thèse, [Rouyn-Noranda] : [Sherbrooke] : Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue ; Université de Sherbrooke, 2008. http://www.uqat.ca/bibliotheque/theses/nancyjulien.pdf.
Full textComprend un résumé. Thèse présentée au Département des sciences de la santé de l'Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue et à la Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé de l'Université de Sherbrooke en vue de l'obtention du grade de philosophiae doctor (Ph.D.) en sciences cliniques. CaQQUQ CaQQUQ Comprend des réf. bibliogr. (f. 106-120). Publié aussi en version électronique. CaQQUQ
Nathan, Jean-Jacques. "Les douleurs abdominales aiguës de l'enfant." Bordeaux 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BOR23079.
Full textJacquemet-Baltzer, Jean-Luc. "Le traitement des douleurs du zona." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STR1M010.
Full textCaillard, Sylvie. "Traitement de quelques douleurs en médecine générale." Caen, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994CAEN3025.
Full textBodéré, Céline. "Hyperactivité musculaire dans les douleurs myofasciales orofaciales." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CLF1DD01.
Full textAlthough very common, the chronic muscle pain remains badly understood. This memory presents two electrophysiological studies of masticatory muscles in orofacial chronic pain patients (myofascial and neuropathic) and in not-painful subjects (temporo-mandibular joint disorders and controls). The first study evaluates the relation between moderate to severe chronic orofacial spontaneous pain and two electrophysiological variables : the electromyographic activity (EMG) at rest and the jaw-jerk reflex amplitude. The temporal and masseter muscles display a tonic EMG "hyperactivity" and a strong reduction of the jaw jerk reflex amplitude in both myofascial and neuropathic orofacial chronic pain patients. These signs are identical in pain and non-pain sides in unilateral-pain patients. We deduct that EMG activity modulation in orofacial pain patients is not the direct consequence of a peripheral nociceptive mechanism and we explain why it could be of central origin. The second study shows the effect of an anterior bite stop (JIG) on this tonic EMG "hyperactivity" : the JIG reduce temporarily the EMG activity in myofascial pain patients not in neuropathic ones. If the first study suggests that myofacial pain could be a "neuropathic pain in the muscle", the second shows that the two pathologies differ on certain mechanisms. However, the second study supports the use of the JIG in certain short-term clinical approaches (recording of centric relation closures and for occlusal adjustement). These woks lead on to two projects on chronic muscular pain in the process of inclusion. The first project is exploratory ; the second is a non-pharmacological therapeutic trial
Darre, Christian. "Prévention et traitement des douleurs post-zostériennes." Bordeaux 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR2P102.
Full textTARDIEU, LAGNIEZ DANIELE. "Les douleurs chroniques de la presenescence : etude de 86 dossiers de la consultation de la douleur du c.h.r. de lille." Lille 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LIL2M343.
Full textFerrier, Jeremy. "Douleurs neuropathiques induites par l'oxaliplatine. Physiopathologie et approches thérapeutiques." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013CLF1PP06/document.
Full textOxaliplatin, an anticancer drug used for the treatment of colorectal cancer, is responsible for a dose-limiting peripheral neurotoxicity in the majority of treated patients. This neurotoxicity appears with two components: a rapid-onset acute neurotoxicity manifesting as transient paresthesias and cold-induced dysesthesias; and a late-onset cumulative neurotoxicity characterized by the development of a painful chronic neuropathy. To date, the management of chemotherapy- induced neuropathic pain is still challenging because of the lack of effective treatments. In this context, a better understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this neurotoxicity could lead to the identification of new therapeutic targets. Firstly, we aimed to assess the preventive effect of a polyamine deficient diet on the development of oxaliplatin-induced acute neurotoxicity. Exogenous polyamines, by positively modulating spinal NR2B-containing NMDA receptors, could facilitate pain sensitization. This study has shown that a polyamine deficient diet for 7 days totally prevented oxaliplatin-induced acute cold and mechanical hypersensitivity in rats. Although we observed no change in spinal NR2B expression or phosphorylation, intrathecal ifenprodil (a specific NR2B antagonist) reduced oxaliplatin-induced allodynia in a dose-dependent manner. Finally, proton NMR spectroscopy- based metabolomic analysis has revealed a regulation of spinal glutamate neurotransmission as the most likely mechanism underlying the preventive effect of the diet. Secondly, the metabolic variations associated with oxaliplatin-induced chronic neuropathy were assessed at the supraspinal level using a 1 H-NMR HRMAS-based metabolomic approach. Among the neurochemical changes evidenced in this study, we observed a significant increase in choline within the posterior insular cortex, significantly correlated with the mechanical pain thresholds. A transcriptomic and pharmacological approach have revealed an implication of cholinergic neurotransmission in this brain area. Targeting the cholinergic system using centrally active muscarinic agents could represent an interesting strategy for the treatment of oxaliplatin- induced neuropathic pain. These experimental results led to the identification of new molecular targets for the comprehension and the treatment of chemotherapy-associated painful neuropathy. In a translational approach, these preclinical data will be extended to the clinical setting. A phase II clinical trial (NEUROXAPOL, NCT01775449) is undergoing to confirm the therapeutic interest of a polyamine free diet in patients receiving oxaliplatin. A second clinical project (INSULOX) aiming at assessing the choline concentrations in the insula of patients suffering from oxaliplatin-induced neuropathy is in preparation
Crespin, Franck. "Utilisation de la buprénorphine dans les douleurs non cancéreuses." Montpellier 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON11139.
Full textHUMEAU, BENOIT. "Douleurs thoraciques pseudo-angineuses : interet de l'exploration fonctionnelle oesophagienne." Nantes, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NANT132M.
Full textDescarreaux, Martin. "Étude des déficits sensori-moteurs associés aux douleurs lombaires." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/17911.
Full textMartinez, Valeria. "Douleurs chroniques post-chirurgicales : facteurs prédictifs physiopathologiques et prévention." Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066587.
Full textL’analyse d’un modèle chirurgical innovant, le prélèvement de crête iliaque, a permis d’évaluer séparément deux facteurs physiopathologiques impliqués dans la douleur chronique post-chirurgicale (DCPC) : l’hyperalgésie secondaire et la lésion nerveuse. Le suivi prospectif d’une cohorte de malades montre que l’hyperalgésie secondaire et la douleur neuropathique précoce sont deux facteurs prédictifs indépendants et additifs de DCPC. Dans ce même modèle chirurgical, l’analyse sensorielle quantifiée et la biopsie cutanée explorent l’implication des petites fibres nerveuse dans le développement de la DCPC. Le déficit sensitif thermique précoce est prédictif de la perte neuronale tardive. Le développement d'une DCPC neuropathique n'est pas liée à la lésion nerveuse, ni à la sévérité de l’atteinte des petites fibres. Chez les douloureux, il existe une corrélation inverse entre la perte neuronale et l'intensité douloureuse, suggérant que la lésion nerveuse partielle serait plus pourvoyeuse de douleur neuropathique. La deuxième partie de ce travail, repose sur les données issues de la recherche expérimentale qui ont montré le rôle de l’activation gliale dans la sensibilisation centrale et la persistance des douleurs. Nous avons évalué, pour la première fois en péri opératoire, l’efficacité de la minocycline, un puissant inhibiteur glial, dans la prévention des DCPC. Un essai randomisé, multicentrique, double aveugle contre placebo n’a pas permis de montrer d’amélioration de la douleur neuropathique séquellaire après chirurgie d'hernie discale mais nous laisse entrevoir l'intérêt de cibler des profils douloureux spécifiques dans de futures recherches
Lemeunier, Nadège. "Douleurs lombaires dans la population générale : évolution et classification." Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA113001/document.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to study if there is information gathering method, other than that commonly used to better describe the natural history of non-specific low back pain. For this, a literature review was performed and a prospective study in the Danish general population was analyzed. Two methods of gathering information are used to characterize this course: the usual method by questionnaires, classifying low back pain based on the total number of days with pain in one year, and a new SMS-Track method taking into account the duration and rhythm of painful episodes in a year. The results of the literature review and analysis of data on the Danish general population go in the same direction. The course of low back pain is fairly stable, especially for those who do not have pain at baseline. Both classification systems, respectively from the two methods of collection, divide individuals into different groups. In addition, associations of these groups with bio-psychosocial variables are not the same, differentiating clinically the groups of each classification. SMS-Track method provide more detailed information on the rhythm of low back pain over time and seems more appropriate to characterize the course of a recurring condition such as non-specific low back pain. These results now predict the natural history of low back pain and will facilitate the study of individual course patterns to improve the diagnosis, which remains, for now, a diagnosis of exclusion
Cenac-Millet, Ingrid. "Proposition d'outils statistiques pour améliorer, par la tomodensitométrie, les stratégies diagnostiques et thérapeutiques. Application aux douleurs abdominales aiguës : application aux douleurs abdominales aiguës." Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTT012.
Full textAcute abdominal pain (AAP) is a public health problem, given its frequency, the numerous specific causes and the therapeutic impact, with patients at risk requiring urgent surgical care while most patients do not require surgery. Delayed diagnosis or misdiagnosis of an abdominal emergency, whether of non traumatic (such as bowel strangulation, or bowel ischemia, or peritonitis) or traumatic origin, will lead to increased morbidity and mortality. It is thus crucial that diagnostic and therapeutic management relies on Evidence-based Medicine, integrating clinical expertise and paraclinical tests that have been validated through scientific research. To date, computed tomography (CT) has become the reference examination to investigate AAP when diagnosis is uncertain. However, published studies evaluating the value of CT in AAP, have some limits: they often focus on a specific disease, and consequently do not meet the unsorted pathologies encountered in clinical practice, they sparsely include objectives on therapeutic impact, and most show low levels of evidence (level I or II) on the five level diagnostic studies scale. Whatever the study's level, advanced statistical methods can be used to reduce interpretation bias, take into account the clinical diagnostic uncertainty or the low prevalence of some urgent diseases, and to facilitate the transfer and generalisation of results into daily clinical practice.The aim of this work is to present statistical tools, by analysing the results' strengths and limits, in order to illustrate the perspective of integration within a clinical management strategy. Some of these statistical tools are known and largely used in imaging studies, others are essentially developed in therapeutic studies, and some are completely innovative.Thus, the first part of this thesis reports on a review of the methodological aspect of research in the field of medical imaging, showing its characteristics, its weaknesses and its development perspective.The second part is composed of 5 scientific articles - with 4 already published - and focus on traumatic and non traumatic abdominal emergencies, illustrating the value of CT in improving some diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, while detailing the statistical analyses. Hence, statistical methods for diagnostic agreement, multivariate logistic regression, diagnostic scoring-system building and bivariate random-effects meta-analysis are developed. In the last article, we propose a new statistical analysis method, based on a distance concept, allowing integrating the diagnostic uncertainty resulting from multiple diagnosis hypotheses in front of an AAP. This approach allows for investigating the added value of CT both in terms of diagnostic accuracy and diagnostic confidence, while getting close to daily clinical practice.In the future, these statistical tools could be implemented into diagnostic research in order to improve the scientific relevance and clinical impact, allowing for better patients' management, and better economic resource usage
Mariotti, Carole. "Les traversées de la Honte : des douleurs du cancer à la douleur d'exister : Tentative d'élaboration psychanalytique du concept de déportation psychique." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10207.
Full textIs it possible to wreck a human being? Is it possible for a man to feel inhuman enough as to annihilate himself when this feeling overwhelms him? There are situations, extreme ones, unbearable and shameful life experiences that can put someone in doubt of his affiliation to humanity.Jean, Margaret and Abel are questioning their position in their relations to the others and the world when confronted to a disease disrupting their existence and to the losses it involves: lose their dignity, lose a child, lose their mother and, for some of them, lose the ignorance of the knowledge of their own death. When cancer is implemented by the Other, it can operate as a death sentence, as a certitude, as a funeral letter lingering on one’s thought up to the point to reorganize the place of the subject in his relations to the Other and the object. Clinical experience thereby demonstrates how the signifier “cancer” may drive a subject to the unbearable encounter of the Real, represented in the Imaginary in the form of a chasm, an empty space one risks to fall in, or the ticking of a bomb about to explode from minute to minute. Clinical experience also demonstrates that some metaphors are hard to admit but they should not remain in the deep limbs of thought. Beyond the cancer metaphor of a concentration camp, our work consists in bringing out a personal logical way of functioning and a subjective positioning.Through the alleys of shame, painful experiences and pain of living - which cancer disease often reactivates- we see that the path of life can be inverted. For all we are concerned, the concept of “psychical deportation” is about time inversion and a subjective reorganization which makes the suffering person say: “If I don’t die today, it will be for tomorrow”. Death is this way implemented in a subject’s field of view on his life story, darkening it in a sort of melancholisation of his existence and the presentification of his “being-toward-death”.Is it possible to wreck a man? “If this is a man”, we can imagine Primo Levi write as to ask the following hontological question: “Then what am I after enduring all that? What am I for the others as for myself? Am I a subject or an object?” He could have questioned this way the quality and the value of the human being when seeing himself in the muselmann figure. To answer to this hypothetical question, Pierre Fédida would have used the necessity of resemblance while Jacques Lacan the necessity of the language. Primo Levi could have confirmed the above positionings when meeting with Hurbinek : To be a human being, you need to be in the language; it’s necessary whether to speak or to be spoken. To devastate him, you need to extract him from the language and make him believe that he’s only that: a pariah, a piece of trash that “spoils the image ” of humanity
Momméja, Emmanuelle. "Utilisation thérapeutique des ondes électromagnétiques dans les douleurs pelviennes chroniques." Montpellier 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON11182.
Full textPinchon, Claude. "Place de l' alcoolisation coeliaque dans les douleurs pancréatiques néoplasiques." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987CLF13022.
Full textMoriceau, Caroline. "Les douleurs de l'industrie : l'hygiénisme industriel en France, 1860-1914." Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0108.
Full textThis thesis attempts to analyze both the scientific actions and the social effects of the French Industrial Hygiene Movement in the second half of the Nineteenth Century. In parts one and two, the construction of industrial and occupational hygiene as a new scientific discipline from middle of the century is examined. Occupational hygiene appears as a problematical field of research: neither purely medical nor technical, it calls for the difficult cooperation of several scientific disciplines. The third part presents a new approach in analyzing the conditions of industrialization. Considering workers as well as company owners, it deals with representations of pain at work, and the various behaviours occurring in the face of occupational hazards. The question tackled is that of understanding if the industrial hygienists achieved changes in work conditions as they claimed to have done. The results as the workshop’s level remain variable at the end of the century, according to cultural and economic factors, technical conditions as well as the activity of unions
Laffray, Sophie. "Mécanismes spinaux des douleurs neuropathiques : déréglement du contole inhibiteur GABAB." Bordeaux 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR21346.
Full textG-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) generally exist as oligomers. In the central nervous system, the inhibitory GABAB receptor is an obligate heterodimeric GPCR that requires the association between GABAB1 and GABAB2 subunits. However, the mechanisms that regulate GABAB receptor oligomerization in physiological conditions, and their functional consequences remain largely unknown. Our results demonstrate that in chronic pain state, the overexpression of the cytosolic 14-3-3 protein induced the dissociation of the GABAB heterodimer, and a loss of GABAB signalling by trapping the GABAB1 subunit. Moreover, anti 14-3-3 siRNA, or competing peptides, specific of 14-3-3/GABAB1 interaction, potentiate the antinociceptive effects of GABAB agonist in an animal model of neuropathic pain. Taken together, our data suggest that GCPR oligomeric state can be modulated in vivo by endogenous mechanisms involved in the development and the maintenance of pain sensitization
Ducroux, Laure. "Traitements des douleurs des métastases osseuses des cancers : radiothérapie métabolique." Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA05P041.
Full textLondon, Gerald. "Douleurs thoraciques d'origine oesophagienne : revue de la littérature / Gérald London." Grenoble 1, 1989. https://santhese.univ-grenoble-alpes.fr/1989GRE16005-london-gerald-SF-arc.pdf.
Full textDubois, Jean-Daniel. "Changement des réponses neuromécaniques du tronc suite à une douleur expérimentale : comparaison entre sujets sains et patients atteints de douleurs lombaires chroniques." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2010. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/1239/1/030154078.pdf.
Full textGirard, Elodie. "Attributions causales de la maladie de patients souffrant de douleurs chroniques /." Genève : [s.n.], 2006. http://www.unige.ch/cyberdocuments/theses2006/GirardE/these.pdf.
Full textEberhart, Joséphine. "Douleurs et antidouleurs en médecine générale : une sociologie de la prescription." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020EHES0132.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the prescription of painkillers by general practitioners. It is grounded in the study of the “trajectory” of two iconic drugs. The first ones are dextropropoxyphene-containing painkillers whose brandname was Di-Antalvic (among others) and the seconds are tramadol-containing drugs. This research adopts a twofold perspective. On the one hand, the prescription of painkillers is considered as the result of a process, in this case the choice of a molecule available on a market, and it then analyzes how this market emerged and how it has functioned throughout the 20th century. This perspective aims at uncovering the very macro-sociological determinants which play a role in prescribing practices, such as the pharmaceutical industry of course, but also the (national or European) health authorities. All these stakeholders have a decisive influence on the different ways in which these analgesics circulate on the market - as they are manufactured, promoted, reimbursed, but also evaluated, re-evaluated and sometimes withdrawn from the market.On the other hand, this research analyzes the prescription of painkillers as work carried out during the consultation. It shows how general practitioners sort out different types of pain, handle hybrid cases – which often correspond to "complex patients" or "problem patients" – and therefore prescribe with the view to calm pain, whatever its origin. As a result, to prescribe, physicians rely on resources and knowledge from their training, past experiences with drugs, etc., as such work requires very specific skills in the management of side effects, for example. This research intends to analyze the ways in which these different types of knowledge are mobilized during the prescribing work
Syreizol, Jean-Laurent. "Place de la manométrie œsophagienne dans les douleurs thoraciques pseudo-angineuses." Bordeaux 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BOR25168.
Full textVioulac, Christel. "Étude des facteurs psychosociaux associés aux douleurs des patients en hémodialyse." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCB124.
Full textIntroduction: Pain is a frequent symptom in patients treated by haemodialysis, which can be influenced by several psychosocial factors. Literature on the subject does not specify which factors should be considered in this domain. The aim of this study was to evaluate which psychosocial factors are associated with pain in patients undergoing haemodialysis. Method: Our sample consisted of 89 patients undergoing haemodialysis and 5 nurses. At inclusion, medical and sociodemographic characteristics were evaluated, as well as pain, personality, coping strategies, anxiety and depressive symptoms, quality of life and therapeutic alliance. Several of these variables were re-evaluated after 2 month. In-between, patients also completed self-reported evaluations of pain during each dialysis session. Furthermore, individual interviews were conducted with 5 patient-nurse dyads to explore a pain event that occurred during a dialysis session. Results: Sixty percent of the sample experience pain. Pain severity and its daily interference are important. Coping strategies are the main variables explaining patient's levels of pain severity and interference at inclusion and pain experienced during dialysis sessions. Moreover, results show that pain is associated with nurses attitudes during dialysis sessions. The results of the thematic analysis of the interviews highlighted 3 major themes. The first one refers to the context of the renal disease and its burden on the patient's life. The second thematic deals with pain and its characteristics, such as its identity and temporality. The last theme raises the topic of the patient-nurse relationship and specifies characteristics that are associated with their interactions during a pain event (i.e. patient's personality or emotional state, nurses' empathy and work experience, patient-nurses' communication and interpersonal knowledge). Conclusion: Those results highlight the importance to consider pain in patients undergoing haemodialysis and suggest psychological interventions, involving both patients and nurses
Laroche, Françoise. "L’inné et l’acquis dans le développement des douleurs de l’appareil locomoteur : Comparaison de l’influence des facteurs de risque environnementaux, psychologiques, hormonaux et génétiques dans le développement d’une douleur chronique : analyse prospective des douleurs des patientes traitées par antiaromatases pour cancer du sein." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066129.
Full textPurpose: In this prospective multicenter study, we classified aromatase inhibitor (AI)-related pain syndromes, assessed impact on daily life and identified their predictors, for the development of more targeted prevention approaches. Patients and Methods : A one-year multicenter cohort prospective study, with six consultations with pain specialists and rheumatologists, was carried out in women with early-stage breast cancer and no pain beginning AI treatment. At initial assessment, we investigated potential clinical (demographic and psychosocial, cancer characteristics and treatment, pain, sleep, rheumatology examinations, quality of life), biological (sex hormones, vitamin D, bone biomarkers, oxidative stress, immunological and inflammatory markers), environmental and genetic (polymorphism for pain mechanisms) risk factors for pain. Results: We evaluated a cohort of 135 women for one year: 77 developed pain, leading to AI discontinuation in 12 cases. Five pain syndromes were identified: joint pain (36%), diffuse pain (22%), tendinitis (22%), neuropathic pain (9%) and mixed pain (11%), with diffuse and joint pains the most intense. Risk factors for developing pain included personnality traits, higher levels of anxiety and impaired quality of life at the initial assessment, whereas cancer characteristics, genetic background, inflammation, immunological, hormonal status and quantitative sensory testing at baseline were not significant predictors. Conclusion: For women without pain at start, there is a 59% risk of developing pain within the first year of AI treatment. Assessment should focus on five pain syndromes, to optimize analgesic management. Psychosocial factors are the principal risk factors for the development of AIrelated pain
Alfonsi, Pascal. "Liens entre douleur et système thermorégulateur : mise en évidence à l'aide d'une grille thermique." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066454/document.
Full textNumerous experimental and clinical data suggest the existence of a strong relationship between thermoception and nociception. For example, it has been shown that the pain quality in patients suffering from central pain depends on the integrity of the thermal sensation pathway. Based on these data, some authors have suggested that this kind of pain could be related to a reduction of the inhibition physiologically exerted by thermoception on nociception, and, by extension, that pain could be a part of homeostasis. To validate this hypothesis, we conducted 2 studies in healthy volunteers using a thermal grill as experimental pain test. A cutaneous contact with the grill induces two burning sensations: paradoxical heat (PH) and paradoxical pain (PP). In a first study, we studied if there is a continuum or not between these 2 sensations. By studying decades of thermal combinations in volunteers, we found that PH systematically occurred before PP and that PH intensity gradually increased until PP appearance. Our results indicate a continuum between these two paradoxical sensations and, therefore, confirm the existence of a strong link between nociception and thermoception. In a second study, we estimated the impact of a thermal challenge (warm and cold) on the PP appearance threshold in 15 volunteers. The thermoregulation involvement by active warming was associated to an increase of PP threshold. A correlation was found between body temperature variations and PP threshold. The existence of an impact of thermal challenges on the PP threshold suggests a link between pain and thermoregulation. Our results tend to confirm that pain possesses a homeostatic dimension
BARD, CAROLINE. "Enseignement assiste par ordinateur (eao) : dossiers cliniques a propos de douleurs abdominales." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994CLF1M001.
Full textASTOUL, JEAN-MICHEL, and PATRICK LAVEDAN. "Effet d'un traitement par electroacupuncture sur des douleurs aigues traumatiques osteo-articulaires." Toulouse 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU31046.
Full textWeibel, Raphaël. "Récepteurs opioïdes périphériques : de nouvelles cibles pour le traitement des douleurs chroniques." Strasbourg, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011STRA6247.
Full textLes opiacés sont les médicaments les plus utilisés pour le traitement des douleurs sévères. Ils produisent leurs effets en activant les récepteurs opioïdes mu, delta et kappa, qui sont exprimés tout le long des voies nociceptives. L'utilisation de ces opiacés est souvent freinée par des effets secondaires tels que la constipation, la sédation et la nausée provoqués par l'activation du récepteur mu du système nerveux central. Une piste à l'étude pour obtenir une analgésie opiacée dénuée d'effets secondaires est le ciblage des récepteurs du système nerveux périphérique. Mon projet de thèse a visé à déterminer si les récepteurs opioïdes du système nerveux périphérique pouvaient constituer de nouvelles cibles thérapeutiques contre la douleur. Afin d’évaluer le rôle de ces récepteurs périphériques, j'ai utilisé une approche génétique chez la souris, qui est l’inactivation conditionnelle de gènes spécifiquement dans les neurones nociceptifs primaires Nav1. 8+. La caractérisation moléculaire de cette souris knockout conditionnelle pour le récepteur mu dans les neurones périphériques Nav1. 8+ a montré qu’il y a bien une délétion de ces récepteurs mu dans ces neurones. Cette délétion n’a pas d’effet sur le contrôle de la nociception basale. Par contre en douleur inflammatoire, les récepteurs mu des neurones périphériques Nav1. 8+ sont en partie nécessaires à l’action analgésique systémique de la morphine et du fentanyl. Ces résultats montrent que l’implication des récepteurs mu des neurones périphériques Nav1. 8+ est plus importante dans des conditions de douleur inflammatoire qu’en nociception basale
A major challenge in pain research is the identification of key opioid receptor populations within nociceptive pathways which control physiological and pathological pain. Opiates are the main drugs used for severe pain treatment. They produce their effect through the activation of mu, delta and kappa opioid receptors which are broadly distributed throughout the nociceptive pathways. Opiates like morphine or fentanyl target the mu opioid receptor. Opiates use is often curbed by side effects such as respiratory depression, constipation, sedation and nausea, caused by activation of mu receptors of the brain. A new strategy to obtain an opiate analgesia devoid of side effects is to target peripheral nervous system receptors. In my thesis project, I have studied whether the peripheral nervous system opioid receptors could represent new therapeutic targets for pain treatment, by using a conditional knockout approach strategy in the mouse. This study reveals the existence of mu opioid receptor-mediated mechanisms, which operate at the level of Nav1. 8-positive nociceptive neurons. Indeed, the molecular characterization of the conditional knockout has shown that there is a deletion of mu opioid receptors in the primary Nav1. 8+ nociceptive neurons. This deletion has no effect neither on basal nociception, nor on morphine analgesic action in basal nociception. However in inflammatory pain situation, mu opioid receptor of peripheral Nav1. 8+ neurons are partly required for systemically injected morphine and fentanyl analgesic action. This shows that the implication of Nav1. 8 peripheral mu receptors is more important under inflammatory pain condition than in basal nociception conditions
DANCOISNE, WAYERE SYLVIE. "Douleurs abdominales chez l'enfant : a propos de 193 cas hospitalises en pediatrie." Amiens, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AMIEM094.
Full textHamel, Stéphanie. "Douleurs thoraciques non-cardiaques chez les patients présentant un trouble anxieux comorbide." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/69902.
Full textThis thesis includes two different studies on patients with noncardiac chest pain (NCCP) and a comorbid anxiety disorder (panic disorder (PD) or generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)). The first study concerns a prospective cohort study that describes and compares NCCP severity and the physical and mental components of health-related quality of life in patients with NCCP, with or without comorbid PD or GAD. A total of 915 patients who visited an emergency department for NCCP were selected from a larger study and observed over a six-month period. A telephone interview was conducted to assess NCCP mean severity following the initial emergency department visit and six months later. The patients also completed a questionnaire on health-related quality of life at both time points. The findings show that the presence of comorbid PD or GAD is associated with increased NCCP severity and lowered health-related quality of life. The impact of PD on NCCP mean severity does not appear to be different from that of GAD. However, PD seems to be mainly associated with a poorer physical quality of life, while GAD seems more associated with a poorer mental quality of life. The results confirm the relevance of specifically assessing components of quality of life since they vary according to the comorbid anxiety disorder and suggest that the interventions for these patients must consider specific aspects of each anxiety disorder. The second study concerns a prospective cohort study that describes and compares NCCP-related disability in patients with NCCP and comorbid PD or GAD following the initial emergency department visit and six months later. This study is also the first to empirically test an explanatory model of NCCP-related disability including different psychological factors (anxiety, anxiety sensitivity, heart-focused anxiety, and alexithymia) with this specific population of patients. A total of 124 patients who visited an emergency department for NCCP and presented with comorbid PD or GAD were selected from a larger study and observed over a six-month period. A telephone interview was conducted with all patients to assess their NCCP-related disability following the initial emergency department visit and six months later. The patients also completed validated self-report questionnaires at baseline to assess the different factors proposed in the explanatory model. The results show a high prevalence of NCCP-related disability in patients with comorbid PD or GAD at both time points. The presence of PD, with or without comorbid GAD, was significantly associated with the presence of NCCP-related disability at the six-month follow-up. Among the factors proposed in the model, heart-focused anxiety is the only psychological factor directly associated with NCCP-related disability in patients with comorbid PD or GAD. Heart-focused anxiety could therefore be considered as an additional treatment target to reduce NCCP-related disability in these patients.
Jeanson, Tiffany. "Connexine 43 astrocytaire et antidépresseurs : une nouvelle approche thérapeutique des douleurs neuropathiques." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066259/document.
Full textNeuropathic pain, characterised by a marked prevalence, is the consequence of nerve compression or lesion. Antidepressants represent the main treatments of this disease, however, medical needs remain mostly unsatisfied by these molecules. In order to improve this therapeutical approach, my thesis work has focussed on astroglial connexin 43 (Cx43) that has recently been involved in the mechanism of action of antidepressant as well as in neuropathic pain. The first part of my work, performed in primary cultures of mouse cortical astrocytes, has allowed to reinforce the link between antidepressants and Cx43 in astrocytes. Whereas its expression was unchanged in our model, an heterogeneous effect of antidepressants was observed on the intercellular communication of astrocytes. Furthermore, all tested molecules led to the inhibition of Cx43 hemichannel activity in an inflammatory context, our study is the first to report such effect. Interestingly, antidepressants prescribed in neuropathic pain induced inhibition of coupling and/or hemichannels. The second part of my work concerned the combination between amitriptyline and mefloquine. This is based on combinatorial approaches proposed by Theranexus, a start-up partner in this project. The association of the two molecules presented a synergy on astroglial coupling reduction in vitro correlated to a potentiation of the anti-hyperalgesic effect of amitriptyline in vivo, in rats with injured sciatic nerve. These results confirm the implication of the astroglial Cx43 in the antinociceptive response to antidepressants
Derre, Alexandre. "Douleurs chroniques : implication et potentiel thérapeutique des membres de la famille FXYD." Thesis, Université de Montpellier (2022-….), 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UMONT006.
Full textChronic pain: Implication and therapeutic potential of FXYD protein members Chronic pain is a major public health problem affecting nearly 18% of the world’s population. It has deleterious consequences on patient’s quality of life and generates critical situations on the medical, sociological and economic levels. Current treatments are relatively limited, often ineffective and/or have deleterious side effects. In fact, better knowledge and an improved management of these pathologies is a major challenge for fundamental and clinical research.In this context, my thesis project is based on two different proteins, Fxyd2 and Fxyd7, which are members of a family of 7 proteins which contain a characteristic FXYD amino-acid motif. These two proteins have been described as modulators of the Na,K-ATPases’ activity, and are present in very specific somatosensory neurons of the dorsal root ganglia. The Na,K-ATPase pump is implicated in a large variety of physiological phenomena with a critical role in neuronal excitability by maintaining membrane potential thanks to the transfer of sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+). The maintenance of this ionic equilibrium is a crucial point since neuronal hyperexcitability has often been described in chronic pain.The first objective of my thesis was to develop a therapeutic strategy suitable for human therapy based on a very innovative gene extinction strategy. Thus, we showed that lipidomodified antisense oligonucleotides directed against the Fxyd2 gene and administered intrathecally induce a strong analgesic effect in neuropathic pain or in inflammatory pain models of rats, leading to normal mechanical sensitivity. Moreover, we showed that specific chemical modifications induce a better stability of our therapeutic molecule which prolongs its efficacy up to 10 days.In the second objective, my work was directed toward understanding the mechanisms of action of Fxyd2 in neuronal physiopathology in dorsal root ganglia, especially by identifying its protein partners using a proteomic approach. Thus, I showed by tandem mass spectrometry and by Proximity Ligation Assay that Fxyd2 could interact directly with proteins other than the ɑ1 subunit of the Na,K-ATPase in physiological conditions in mice. Indeed, Fxyd2 seems to interact also with the ɑ3 subunit of this pump and also with PMCA, GST and Prdx6.My third objective was to study the role of the Fxyd7 gene in the somatosensory system in normal and pathological conditions. In the first place, I used in situ hybridization to show its expression in specific neuronal subpopulations including peptidergic nociceptors, mechanoreceptors and in proprioceptive neurons in the mouse DRG. Then, using motor, equilibrium and mechanical sensitivity tests in Fxyd7 KO mice, I demonstrated the absence of major behavioral defects in these mice in normal conditions. In neuropathic pain conditions, using the SNL (Spinal Nerve Ligation) model, mechanical sensitivity tests did not reveal any influence of this mutation, neither in the acute nor chronic phases. However, in chronic inflammatory pain conditions induced by injection of CFA (Complete Freund’s Adjuvant), Fxyd7 null mutants failed to maintain pain responses. Thus Fxyd7 expression in DRG neurons appears to be specifically required for the maintenance of chronic inflammatory pain.Our results thus show a major therapeutic potential of two FXYD family members to treat chronic pain
Duhaime, Sophie. "École interactionnelle de douleurs abdominales chroniques un parcours stratégique pour apprendre à s'autotraiter." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2010. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/4036.
Full textHoude, Francis. "Le gyrus temporal supérieur est-il véritablement impliqué dans l'exagération des douleurs passées ?" Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/9521.
Full textAbstract : INTRODUCTION: Pain memories are often inaccurate. This phenomenon, known as the mnemonic pain bias, could be related to the development of chronic pain. In a past study, our research team showed, using electroencephalography, that the activity of the superior temporal gyrus (STG) was positively correlated to the exaggeration of pain recall. The aim of this study was to confirm that the STG is causally involved in the pain mnemonic bias. METHODS: In this randomised double-blind study, single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was used to transiently disrupt (virtual lesion paradigm) the activity of the STG. Participants were either assigned to the control (sham TMS, n = 21) or experimental (real TMS, n = 21) group. Pain intensity and unpleasantness were assessed using visual analog scales (VAS; 0-10) immediately after the painful event (electric stimulations of the right sural nerve) and at recall, 2 months later. The accuracy of the pain recall was determined by calculating the difference between the VAS at recall and the initial VAS. RESULTS: The mnemonic pain intensity bias was similar in both groups (control = -0.3, experimental = 0.0; p = 0.83). However, the mnemonic pain unpleasantness bias was significantly lower in the experimental group (control = 1.0, experimental = -0.4; p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that the STG affects specifically our memories of the affective component of pain. Given the link between exaggerated pain memories and the development of persistent pain, this study suggests that the inhibition of the STG could be a promising avenue for individuals at risk of developing chronic pain.
PIGNOL, FREDERIQUE. "Enseignement assiste par ordinateur en matiere de douleurs thoraciques : utilisation du progicel progeus." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992CLF13036.
Full textVIRARD, PHILIPPE. "Dyskinesies oesophagiennes et douleurs thoraciques de type angineux : a propos de 44 observations." Lyon 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LYO1M227.
Full textALBERTIER, GENEVIEVE. "Interet de la balneotherapie dans la prise en charge des douleurs de l'accouchement." Lyon 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO1M147.
Full textAouad, Maya. "Etude préclinique du potentiel thérapeutique des stéroïdes neuroactifs endogènes dans les douleurs pathologiques." Strasbourg, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011STRA6229.
Full textNeurosteroids are synthesized by neurons and glial cells in the nervous system from cholesterol or by intermediate metabolites having crossed the blood brain barrier. 3α reduced neurosteroids (3αNS), such as allopregnanolone, display interesting analgesic properties, if administered exogenously. However, their use is limited by known side effects related to functional tolerance, sedation and possible physical dependence after cessation of the treatment. In the laboratory, we have adopted a strategy aimed at stimulating the production of 3αNS. To do so, we used etifoxine (Stresam™), a non-benzodiazepine anxiolytic which preferentially binds to a mitochondrial translocator protein (TSPO) and stimulates cholesterol metabolization into 3αNS. In the first part of this work, we characterized the analgesic effect of this molecule in several models of chronic pain. In animals exhibiting neuropathic pain symptoms resulting from a chemotherapy or a chronic nerve compression, etifoxine treatment significantly reduced the pain symptoms. When administered before the induction of pain, it completely prevented the appearance of the pain symptoms. Etifoxine also reduced inflammatory-driven pain symptoms caused by a knee monoarthritis. These analgesic effects were all attributed to the endogenous synthesis of 3αNS and persisted even in the absence of gonads and surrenals. In the second part of the work, we identified novel mechanisms of action explaining etifoxine analgesia. First, the overall spinal inflammatory response was reduced after the etifoxine treatment as attested by reduced expression of proinflammatory cytokines, COX2 and PGE2 levels. Moreover, activation of microglial cells seen in painful animals was not detected in etifoxine-treated animals. As a result, spinal inhibition was optimized by etifoxine treatment through a recovery from PGE2 induced glycinergic disinhibition, potentiation of GABAergic transmission and a possible re-establishment of normal chloride gradients controlled by the exporter KCC2. Together, spinal nociceptive processing of painful animals treated by etifoxine was not different to that seen in control (pain free) animals. In the last part of this work, we characterized the analgesic effects of vitamin D3, a secosteroid showing structural similarities to neurosteroids, in neuropathic and inflammatory pain models. Supplementation with vitamin D3 strongly reduced pain symptoms in rats suffering from knee monoarthritis or sciatic neuropathy. Molecular and cellular signaling explaining the beneficial effects of vitamin D3 are currently under investigation. In summary, this work helps highlight the therapeutic potential of endogenous neurosteroids in the treatment of inflammatory and neuropathic pain in animals. The etifoxine and vitamin D3 are already prescribed in France and have very little side effects. The new therapeutical approaches and the mechanisms of action described in this preclinical work could quickly lead to the development of clinical trials in humans or alternatively, help clinicians improve the current therapies
Hever, Xavier. "Le récepteur opioïde delta : une nouvelle cible pour le traitement des douleurs chroniques." Strasbourg, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009STRA6281.
Full textThe opioid system, best known for its inhibitory control of pain, is composed of three opioid receptors mu, delta and kappa and of the endogenous opioid peptides. During my thesis, I evaluated the role of the delta opioid receptors in chronic pain. In a model of CFA (Complete Freund’s Adjuvant)-induced inflammation, we observed an enhancement of inflammatory pain in delta KO mice, indicating an implication of the delta receptors in the control of this pain type. Diminished hyperalgesia of SNC80 (delta receptor agonist)-treated mice was lost in KO mice. In conditional KO mice, which lost an important part of delta receptors in nociceptors, I showed by behavioral studies that theses receptors are important in neuropathic pain. Antinociceptif effects of SNC80 in inflammatory and neuropathic pain are mediated through these peripheral delta receptors. I confirmed, by a genetic approach, that the delta receptor is an interesting therapeutic target for the treatment of chronic pain
Martin, Pierre-Yves. "Le récepteur 5-HT6, une nouvelle cible pour le traitement des douleurs neuropathiques." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2018. http://theses.bu.uca.fr/nondiff/2018CLFAS023_MARTIN.pdf.
Full textNeuropathic pains affects 6.9% of the French adult population. They have a significant impact on the quality of life of the patient, and often coexist with depression, anxiety, sleep disturbances and cognitive dysfunction. Chronic neuropathic pain and these co-morbidities are poorly controlled and represent a public health problem. First-line treatments (antidepressants (tricyclic and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors) and anti-epileptic drugs (gabapentin / pregabalin)) are unsatisfactory due to a lack of efficiency. Despite the major role of serotonin in pain modulation, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are poorly effective while they exhibit fewer adverse effects than tricyclic antidepressants. The 5-HT 6 receptor, known for its effects on cognitive functions, has recently emerged as a new target for serotoninergic modulation of pain. In addition to its coupling to the Gs protein, the 5-HT 6 receptor is physically associated with intracellular protein partners including mTOR (mammalian Target Of Rapamycin), also involved in neuropathic pain and in regulation of cognitive functions. In the present work, we characterize the sub-cellular localization of the 5-HT 6 receptor in primary cilium of neurons in dorsal horn spinal cord, suggesting the involvement of primary cilia in pain modulation. The administration of 5-HT 6 receptor inverse agonists exerts an anti- allodynic effect and abolishes co-morbid cognitive deficits in SNL rats, whereas neutral antagonists are devoid of effects, suggesting a constitutive activity of the receptor involved in pain hypersensitivity. Similarly, administration of rapamycin, an mTOR inhibitor, reduces tactile allodynia and co-morbid cognitive deficits in SNL rats. We also demonstrate the interaction between the 5-HT 6 receptor and mTOR in vitro and in vivo in painful rats. Thus, thanks to an interfering peptide inhibiting the physical interaction between 5-HT 6 receptor and mTOR (intrathecally injected), we improve mechanical and thermal allodynia confirming the deleterious role of the spinal 5-HT 6 receptor-mTOR interaction under neuropathic pain condition. Taken together, these results contribute to a better understanding of the role of the 5-HT 6 receptor and its mTOR partner in chronic pain and opens new ways in its management with, in particular, the development of new 5-HT 6 receptor inverse agonists
Descarreaux, Martin. "Analyse de l'efficacité d'un programme d'exercices spécifiques dans le traitement des douleurs lombaires /." Thèse, Trois-Rivières : Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2000. http://www.uqtr.ca/biblio/notice/resume/03-2224104R.html.
Full textBarthélemy, Natacha. "Quelle est la fréquence des douleurs périnéales secondaires à un accouchement voie basse?" Nancy : Université Henri-Poincaré, 2009. http://www.scd.uhp-nancy.fr/docnum/SCDMED_MESF_2009_BARTHELEMY_NATACHA.pdf.
Full textDescarreaux, Martin. "Analyse de l'efficacité d'un programme d'exercices spécifiques dans le traitement des douleurs lombaires." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2000. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/3149/1/000677374.pdf.
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