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Journal articles on the topic 'Elastomers'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Agafonov, Alexander V., Anton S. Kraev, Alexander E. Baranchikov, and Vladimir K. Ivanov. "Electrorheological Properties of Polydimethylsiloxane/TiO2-Based Composite Elastomers." Polymers 12, no. 9 (2020): 2137. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12092137.

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Electrorheological elastomers based on polydimethylsiloxane filled with hydrated titanium dioxide with a particle size of 100–200 nm were obtained by polymerization of the elastomeric matrix, either in the presence, or in the absence, of an external electric field. The viscoelastic and dielectric properties of the obtained elastomers were compared. Analysis of the storage modulus and loss modulus of the filled elastomers made it possible to reveal the influence of the electric field on the Payne effect in electrorheological elastomers. The elastomer vulcanized in the electric field showed high

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Arkles, Barry, Jonathan Goff, Santy Sulaiman, and Allison Sikorsky. "Ultra-high Elongation Silicone Elastomers." Rubber World 254, no. 3 (2016): 29–34. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3558535.

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Silicone elastomers with elongations approaching 5000% are now available. These elongations are nearly 4 times greater than any commercial elastomer. The new elastomers utilize a cure mechanism which generates elastomeric properties by driving linear polymers to extremely high molecular weights with concomitant formation of intra-chain and inter-chain entanglements rather than covalent cross-linking. When elastomers have elongations significantly above 1500%, they exhibit behavior that is readily differentiated from conventional elastomers . Tear propagation mechanisms are altered and tear fai

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Matsuda, Akihiro, and Shigeru Kawahara. "Applicability of Thermoplastic Elastomers to Impact Load Reduction in Sports Equipment." Proceedings 49, no. 1 (2020): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2020049163.

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In this paper, mechanical properties of thermoplastic elastomers were investigated to expand the applicability of thermoplastic elastomers to the impact load reduction for the sports equipment. The thermoplastic elastomers show both thermoplastic and elastomeric properties. These are expected to apply to the impact load reduction in sports equipment due to good processability and less-smell. In this study, thermoplastic elastomers were applied for monotonic and cyclic tensile loading tests. The thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) materials in this study were newly developed for the specific purpose

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Filippova, Olga V., Aleksey V. Maksimkin, Tarek Dayyoub, Dmitry I. Larionov, and Dmitry V. Telyshev. "Sustainable Elastomers for Actuators: “Green” Synthetic Approaches and Material Properties." Polymers 15, no. 12 (2023): 2755. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15122755.

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Elastomeric materials have great application potential in actuator design and soft robot development. The most common elastomers used for these purposes are polyurethanes, silicones, and acrylic elastomers due to their outstanding physical, mechanical, and electrical properties. Currently, these types of polymers are produced by traditional synthetic methods, which may be harmful to the environment and hazardous to human health. The development of new synthetic routes using green chemistry principles is an important step to reduce the ecological footprint and create more sustainable biocompati

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Kinsey, Robert A. "Solid-State NMR of Elastomers." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 63, no. 3 (1990): 407–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3538263.

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Abstract The versatility of solid state NMR for the characterization of elastomers and elastomer composites has been demonstrated. NMR can be used as an analytical tool for identifying the elastomer(s) present (including the sequence distribution and tacticity), measuring crosslink levels, and monitoring chemical modifications. In addition, with relaxation measurements, NMR provides direct physical insight into the dynamics, and hence the spatial interactions of elastomeric systems. The interfacial regions of heterogeneous systems such as IPNs, filled elastomers, and block copolymers can be pr

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Xu, Zhao-Dong, Si Suo, Jun-Tao Zhu, and Ying-Qing Guo. "Performance tests and modeling on high damping magnetorheological elastomers based on bromobutyl rubber." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 29, no. 6 (2017): 1025–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x17730909.

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A new kind of magnetorheological elastomer with the matrix of the bromobutyl rubber is developed. The magnetoviscoelasticity properties of the magnetorheological elastomer specimens are investigated with respect to different magnetic fields, displacement amplitudes, and frequencies under sinusoidal loadings. The experimental results show that the shear storage modulus and the loss factor of magnetorheological elastomers increase with the increasing magnetic field, excitation frequency, and the weight fraction of particles, but decrease with the increasing strain amplitude, and the magnetorheol

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7

Lawson, David F. "Recent Developments in the Flammability of Elastomeric Materials." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 59, no. 3 (1986): 455–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3538210.

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Abstract Most of the flame-retardant technology now used with elastomers has been known for some time. Advances have been made in recent years in the understanding of elastomer combustion and inhibition mechanisms, in the measurement and control of visible smoke generation from elastomers, and the toxic effects of combustion atmospheres. By integrating existing technology with recent developments and the likely advances of the future, elastomeric materials will continue to receive acceptance for a wide variety of applications. Author's note: A review stressing quantitative aspects of polymer c

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8

Kresge, E. N. "Polyolefin Thermoplastic Elastomer Blends." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 64, no. 3 (1991): 469–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3538564.

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Abstract Thermoplastic elastomers based on blends of polyolefins are an important family of engineering materials. Their importance arises from a combination of rubbery properties along with their thermoplastic nature in contrast to thermoset elastomers. The development of polyolefin thermoplastic elastomer blends follows somewhat that of thermoplastic elastomers based on block copolymers such as styrene-butadiene-styrene triblock copolymer and multisegmented polyurethane thermoplastic elastomers which were instrumental in showing the utility of thermoplastic processing methods. Polyoleflns ar

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Almatova, I. S., K. V. Sukhareva, L. R. Lyusova, S. G. Karpova, T. V. Monakhova, and N. O. Belyaeva. "The influence of halogen-containing modifier on the thermo-oxidative stability of styrene–butadiene–styrene triblock copolymers." Fine Chemical Technologies 20, no. 1 (2025): 37–46. https://doi.org/10.32362/2410-6593-2025-20-1-37-46.

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Objectives. Elastomeric materials based on styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS) triblock copolymers occupy approximately three-quarters of the global thermoplastic elastomer market; in the Russian elastomer market, their share exceeds 80%. Their primary applications include the production of shoe sole materials, anticorrosion coatings, waterproofing, and roofing mastics. The predominant form of degradation of such rubber products, which occurs in the presence of heat and oxygen, is known as thermal-oxidative aging. However, the creation of new functional materials based on modified styrene–butadien

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10

Kang, Sung, Kisuk Choi, Jae-Do Nam, and Hyoung Choi. "Magnetorheological Elastomers: Fabrication, Characteristics, and Applications." Materials 13, no. 20 (2020): 4597. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13204597.

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Magnetorheological (MR) elastomers become one of the most powerful smart and advanced materials that can be tuned reversibly, finely, and quickly in terms of their mechanical and viscoelastic properties by an input magnetic field. They are composite materials in which magnetizable particles are dispersed in solid base elastomers. Their distinctive behaviors are relying on the type and size of dispersed magnetic particles, the type of elastomer matrix, and the type of non-magnetic fillers such as plasticizer, carbon black, and crosslink agent. With these controllable characteristics, they can b

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11

Wiranata, Ardi, and Shingo Maeda. "A Deformable Linear Dielectric Elastomer Actuator." Key Engineering Materials 884 (May 2021): 430–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.884.430.

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Dielectric elastomer actuator (DEA) is a compact device that consists of stretchable electrodes and elastomers. This device is energy efficient in performance and holds great promise in the development of soft actuators. DEAs performance relies significantly on the mechanical properties of its elastomers. This present study focuses on evaluating the soft material made of Sylgard 184 as the elastomers for DEAs. Sylgard 184 is a silicone elastomer that comes with two main parts (elastomers and its curing agent). A specific mixing ratio between elastomers and curing agent is essential to produce

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Chung, Seungjun, and Jun-Chan Choi. "93‐1: Invited Paper: Meta‐Elastomer for Biaxially Stretchable Displays Without Image Distortion." SID Symposium Digest of Technical Papers 55, no. 1 (2024): 1313–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sdtp.17786.

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Stretchable displays are garnering attention due to their ability to undergo reversible shape deformation. However, due to Poisson's ratio, image distortion issues caused by undesired substrate deformations during stretching remain challenging. Here, we propose meta‐elastomers with biaxially zero Poisson's ratio for distortion‐free stretchable displays. To program the Poisson's ratio according to biaxial stretching, elastomeric mechanical metamaterial (MM) frames with a negative Poisson's ratio are integrated into an elastomer matrix. By leveraging competitive interactions between the elastome

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Song, Xincheng, Wenju Wang, Fufeng Yang, Guoping Wang, and Xiaoting Rui. "The study of enhancement of magnetorheological effect based on natural rubber/thermoplastic elastomer SEBS hybrid matrix." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 31, no. 3 (2019): 339–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x19888790.

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Magnetorheological elastomers are one kind of smart materials which consist of matrix materials and magnetic particles. The mechanical properties of magnetorheological elastomers were controllable under an external magnetic field. Applications of magnetorheological elastomers are limited as a result of their poor magnetorheological effect and mechanical performance, so enhancing the magnetorheological effect of them is critical for their application. Styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene based thermoplastic elastomer was added to natural rubber to fabricate hybrid matrix–based magnetorheological e

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Premnath, Mithun, and Kriparaj Kareveliparambil Gopi. "Experimental and Numerical Analysis of the Performance of Various Damper Materials." Trends in Sciences 20, no. 8 (2023): 5038. http://dx.doi.org/10.48048/tis.2023.5038.

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The vibration in ships causes structural fatigue, damage to electrical and mechanical devices, excessive level of noise and discomfort to the passengers and crews. Sometimes the increase in ship vibration leads to unsafe operating conditions and thereby discarding it. Thus, the research on vibration reduction is essential in the maritime field and this paper deals with the reduction of vibrations in marine machinery using elastomeric bearings. The numerical analysis of the performance of passive vibration isolators with different damping materials was conducted using ANSYS and the results are

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15

Qi, H. J., K. Joyce, and M. C. Boyce. "Durometer Hardness and the Stress-Strain Behavior of Elastomeric Materials." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 76, no. 2 (2003): 419–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3547752.

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Abstract The Durometer hardness test is one of the most commonly used measurements to qualitatively assess and compare the mechanical behavior of elastomeric and elastomeric-like materials. This paper presents nonlinear finite element simulations of hardness tests which act to provide a mapping of measured Durometer Shore A and D values to the stress-strain behavior of elastomers. In the simulations, the nonlinear stress-strain behavior of the elastomers is first represented using the Gaussian (neo-Hookean) constitutive model. The predictive capability of the simulations is verified by compari

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Bastola, AK, M. Paudel, and L. Li. "Line-patterned hybrid magnetorheological elastomer developed by 3D printing." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 31, no. 3 (2019): 377–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x19891557.

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This article presents the development of line-patterned magnetorheological elastomers via 3D printing and their magnetorheological characterization. Herein, we consider five different patterns of magnetorheological fluid filaments that are printed and encapsulated within the elastomer matrix. The 3D-printed magnetorheological elastomers could represent the conventional isotropic and anisotropic magnetorheological elastomers. First, the effect of patterning the magnetorheological fluid filaments and the effect of change in the direction of the magnetic field is studied for all five patterns. Th

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17

Kühne, Friederike, Maurus Biedermann, Angela Eicher, et al. "Characterisation of Elastomers as Food Contact Materials–Part 1: Quantification of Extractable Compounds, Swelling of Elastomers in Food Simulants and Release of Elements." Molecules 26, no. 2 (2021): 509. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26020509.

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Elastomers are not a uniform class of materials but comprise a broad spectrum of chemically different polymers. Sealing gaskets, gloves, teats, conveyor belts and tubing are examples of elastomers being used as food contact materials (FCMs). Ten elastomer samples were evaluated with respect to the content of extractable compounds, migration of substances into ethanolic food simulants, swelling in food simulants and release of elements in different food simulants. The number of extractable substances <1000 Da was determined by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with fla

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18

Riehle, Natascha, Kiriaki Athanasopulu, Larysa Kutuzova, et al. "Influence of Hard Segment Content and Diisocyanate Structure on the Transparency and Mechanical Properties of Poly(dimethylsiloxane)-Based Urea Elastomers for Biomedical Applications." Polymers 13, no. 2 (2021): 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13020212.

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The effect of hard segment content and diisocyanate structure on the transparency and mechanical properties of soft poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS)-based urea elastomers (PSUs) was investigated. A series of PSU elastomers were synthesized from an aminopropyl-terminated PDMS (M¯n: 16,300 g·mol−1), which was prepared by ring chain equilibration of the monomers octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4) and 1,3-bis(3-aminopropyl)-tetramethyldisiloxane (APTMDS). The hard segments (HSs) comprised diisocyanates of different symmetry, i.e., 4,4′-methylenebis(cyclohexyl isocyanate) (H12MDI), 4,4′-methylenebis(ph

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Riehle, Natascha, Kiriaki Athanasopulu, Larysa Kutuzova, et al. "Influence of Hard Segment Content and Diisocyanate Structure on the Transparency and Mechanical Properties of Poly(dimethylsiloxane)-Based Urea Elastomers for Biomedical Applications." Polymers 13, no. 2 (2021): 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13020212.

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The effect of hard segment content and diisocyanate structure on the transparency and mechanical properties of soft poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS)-based urea elastomers (PSUs) was investigated. A series of PSU elastomers were synthesized from an aminopropyl-terminated PDMS (M¯n: 16,300 g·mol−1), which was prepared by ring chain equilibration of the monomers octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4) and 1,3-bis(3-aminopropyl)-tetramethyldisiloxane (APTMDS). The hard segments (HSs) comprised diisocyanates of different symmetry, i.e., 4,4′-methylenebis(cyclohexyl isocyanate) (H12MDI), 4,4′-methylenebis(ph

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Gullu Jabbarova, Lamiya Rustamova, Gullu Jabbarova, Lamiya Rustamova. "STUDY OF PACKER'S SWELLING RATE IN DIFFERENT LIQUIDS." PAHTEI-Procedings of Azerbaijan High Technical Educational Institutions 34, no. 11 (2023): 85–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.36962/pahtei34112023-85.

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Cementing is currently the only method used in oil fields to establish zonal isolation. Another method for zonal isolation involves the use of swellable packers. Swellable packers are designed using elastomeric components that have a unique swelling property when exposed to water, water-based fluids or oil. The swelling of the elastomer creates a tight seal. Swellable packers offer several advantages in well construction and maintenance. They can be used for a variety of purposes including preventing gas migration, shutting off water flow, and facilitating fracturing operations. Swellable pack

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ARTAKHINOVA, S. F., A. I. ISAKOVA, and N. N. PETROVA. "INFLUENCE OF COLLAGEN HYDROLYSATE ON VULCANIZATION KINETICS AND CROSS-LINKING DENSITY OF ELASTOMERS BASED ON BNKS-18 NITRILE BUTADIENE RUBBER." Herald of Technological University 27, no. 3 (2024): 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.55421/1998-7072_2024_27_3_47.

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The effect of collagen hydrolysate (CH) obtained from the swim bladder of northern fish species on the set of operational properties of elastomers based on BNKS-18 nitrile butadiene rubber with acrylonitrile content of 18 wt.% was studied. The vulcanization kinetics of elastomeric blends were determined on a D-RPA 3000 rotorlessrheometer (MonTech, Germany). Tensile strength and elastic properties of vulcanizates were determined on an Autograph AGS-JSTD testing machine (Shimadzu, Japan). Frost resistance was evaluated by the value of frost resistance coefficient according to elastic rebound aft

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Wang, Chengzhi, Long Yang, Xiao Ning, et al. "Formulation Optimization Method of Local Insulating Spray Materials Based on Rapid Curing." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2913, no. 1 (2024): 012032. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2913/1/012032.

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Abstract With the increasing incidence of bird damage affecting the reliability of transmission lines, addressing bird pest control has become an important task for the operation and maintenance of transmission lines. A viable solution involves the application of spray coating polyurea elastomer composite materials to insulate exposed conductive points and weakly insulated connection parts of transmission line towers. To improve the comprehensive performance of polyurea elastomers, in this study, the curing system of polyurea elastomers was modified by incorporating Al2O3, SiO2, and BN nanopar

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Pervez, T., S. Z. Qamar, and Mark van de Velden. "Comparison between fresh and exposed swelling elastomer." Journal of Elastomers & Plastics 44, no. 3 (2012): 237–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0095244311420530.

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Last decade has seen growing use of swelling elastomers in various applications by the oil and gas industry. Elastomers with special properties have been developed to sustain the specific downhole conditions of temperature, pressure, and chemical environment in different wells. Apart from targeted short-term tests conducted by rubber developers and drilling application companies, little is known about material characterization of such elastomers. Even these test results are not generally available in the public domain due to proprietary rights. In particular, an important factor that has not b

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Armstrong, Daniel P., and Richard J. Spontak. "DESIGNING DIELECTRIC ELASTOMERS OVER MULTIPLE LENGTH SCALES FOR 21ST CENTURY SOFT MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 90, no. 2 (2017): 207–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/rct.17.82660.

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ABSTRACT Dielectric elastomers (DEs) constitute an increasingly important category of electroactive polymers. They are in a class of generally soft materials that, upon exposure to an electric stimulus, respond by changing size, shape, or both. Derived from network-forming macromolecules, DEs are lightweight, robust and scalable, and they are capable of exhibiting giant electroactuation strains, high electromechanical efficiencies, and relatively low strain-cycling hysteresis over a broad range of electric fields. Due primarily to their attractive electromechanical attributes, DEs are of growi

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Fereidooni, Amin, Afonso Martins, Viresh Wickramasinghe, and Afzal Suleman. "Fabrication and characterization of highly controllable magnetorheological material in compression mode." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 31, no. 14 (2020): 1641–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x20930081.

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This article is focused on the development and characterization of highly controllable magnetorheological materials for stiffness and damping control in semi-active control applications. Two types of magnetorheological materials are developed in-house: magnetorheological elastomer with soft base elastomer, and magnetorheological fluid encapsulated in regular elastomer, namely magnetorheological fluid-elastomer. In both cases of magnetorheological elastomers and magnetorheological fluid-elastomers, the samples are evaluated using in-house-developed shear and compression test rigs, which are equ

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Wang, Peng, Zhuochao Wang, Lu Liu, Guobing Ying, Wenxin Cao, and Jiaqi Zhu. "Self-Healable and Reprocessable Silicon Elastomers Based on Imine–Boroxine Bonds for Flexible Strain Sensor." Molecules 28, no. 16 (2023): 6049. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28166049.

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Silicon elastomers with excellent self-healing and reprocessing abilities are highly desirable for the advancement of next-generation energy, electronic, and robotic applications. In this study, a dual cross-linked self-healing polysiloxane elastomer was facilely fabricated by introducing an exchangeable imine bond and boroxine into polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) networks. The PDMS elastomers exhibited excellent self-healing properties due to the synergistic effect of dynamic reversible imine bonds and boroxine. After healing for 2 h, the mechanical strength of the damaged elastomers completely a

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Meng, Lirong, Jiang He, and Caofeng Pan. "Research Progress on Hydrogel–Elastomer Adhesion." Materials 15, no. 7 (2022): 2548. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15072548.

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Hydrophilic hydrogels exhibit good mechanical properties and biocompatibility, whereas hydrophobic elastomers show excellent stability, mechanical firmness, and waterproofing in various environments. Hydrogel–elastomer hybrid material devices show varied application prospects in the field of bioelectronics. In this paper, the research progress in hydrogel–elastomer adhesion in recent years, including the hydrogel–elastomer adhesion mechanism, adhesion method, and applications in the bioelectronics field, is reviewed. Finally, the research status of adhesion between hydrogels and elastomers is

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Wang, Peng, Zhuochao Wang, Wenxin Cao, and Jiaqi Zhu. "Facile Preparation of a Transparent, Self-Healing, and Recyclable Polysiloxane Elastomer Based on a Dynamic Imine and Boroxine Bond." Polymers 16, no. 9 (2024): 1262. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16091262.

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Transparent polysiloxane elastomers with good self-healing and reprocessing abilities have attracted significant attention in the field of artificial skin and flexible displays. Herein, we propose a simple one-pot method to fabricate a room temperature self-healable polysiloxane elastomer (HPDMS) by introducing dynamic and reversible imine bonds and boroxine into polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) networks. The presence of imine bonds and boroxine is proved by FT−IR and NMR spectra. The obtained HPDMS elastomer is highly transparent with a transmittance of up to 80%. The TGA results demonstrated that

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Skalski, Paweł, and Klaudia Kalita. "Role of Magnetorheological Fluids and Elastomers in Today’s World." Acta Mechanica et Automatica 11, no. 4 (2017): 267–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ama-2017-0041.

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AbstractThis paper explains the role of magnetorheological fluids and elastomers in today’s world. A review of applications of magnetorheological fluids and elastomers in devices and machines is presented. Magnetorheological fluids and elastomers belong to the smart materials family. Properties of magnetorheological fluids and elastomers can be controlled by a magnetic field. Compared with magnetorheological fluids, magnetorheological elastomers overcome the problems accompanying applications of MR fluids, such as sedimentation, sealing issues and environmental contamination. Magnetorheologica

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Fazzini, Marina, Sébastien Mistou, Moussa Karama, and B. Desmars. "Digital Image Stereo-Correlation Applied to the Identification of Elastomers." Advanced Materials Research 112 (May 2010): 103–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.112.103.

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As a complement to classic characterization in the identification of elastomers, full-field measurement methods such as image stereo correlation can undeniably contribute to the validation of elastomeric connection behaviour. Indeed, these measurements enable three-dimensional displacement and strains fields over the totality of the studied surface to be finely reached. Characterization tests in shearing on an elastomer were followed by image stereocorrelation up to high strain levels. The experimental results could thus be confronted with theoretical results using an Alexander hyperelastic be

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Polukoshko, Svetlana, Andris Martinovs, and Svetlana Sokolova. "AGING, FATIGUE AND DURABILITY OF RUBBER VIBRATION ISOLATION ELEMENTS." Environment. Technology. Resources. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 3 (June 15, 2017): 269. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2017vol3.2664.

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This paper deal with shock and vibration insulators, which usually are performed from the elastomeric (rubber-like) materials. Elastomeric materials give many engineering advantages due to their capability of absorbing input energy much better than engineering materials, high elasticity, good dynamic properties, low volume compressibility, a linear relationship between stress and strain up to strain of 15% ÷ 20%, resistance to aggressive environmental factors. Elastomeric materials are widely used in machine building, shipbuilding, civil engineering, aviation and aerospace as compensation devi

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Neelam, Shukla, S. Mukherjee G., and K. Khanna P. "Synthesis and characterization of polyurethanes using the reaction of hexamethylene diisocyanate with varying combinations of telechelic carbonaceous and PDMS glycols." Journal of India Chemical Society Vol. 95, Jun 2018 (2018): 673–79. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5643062.

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Defence Research and Development Organization, DMSRDE, G. T. Road, Kanpur-208 013, Uttar Pradesh, India E-mail: gs_mukherjee@rediffmail.com Defence Institute of Advanced Technology, Defence Research and Development Organization, Girinagar, Pune-411 025, Maharashtra, India <em>Manuscript received 25 April 2018, revised 29 May 2018, accepted 31 May 2018</em> Polyurethane resins were synthesised by reacting 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate with mixture of macroglycols such as telechelic dihydroxyl diphenyl dimethyl siloxane (Φ<sub>2</sub>PDMS) and polytetramethylene glycol (PTG) in different pr

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Elrod, D. B., J. Gibb Figlar, S. D. Worley, et al. "A Novel Biocidal Elastomer." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 74, no. 2 (2001): 331–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3544954.

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Abstract Biocidal elastomeric materials have been produced by a three-step chemical process on commercial elastomers which are composed of a styrene/ethylene-butylene/styrene triblock copolymer. The commercial elastomeric material employed was Kraton®G, produced by the Shell Chemical Company in Houston, Texas. The three-step process involved a Friedel-Crafts acylation of the styrene blocks of the elastomer, followed by a hydantoin ring formation reaction, and subsequent halogenation with chlorine or bromine. Both raw and processed elastomeric materials were studied. The biocidal efficacies of

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Borreguero, Ana M., Irene Izarra, Ignacio Garrido, et al. "Thermal and Mechanical Behavior of Elastomers Incorporated with Thermoregulating Microcapsules." Applied Sciences 11, no. 12 (2021): 5370. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11125370.

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Polyurethane (PU) is one of the principal polymers in the global plastic market thanks to its versatility and continuous improvement. In this work, PU elastomeric materials having thermoregulating properties through the incorporation of microcapsules (mSD-(LDPE·EVA-RT27)) from low-density polyethylene and vinyl acetate containing paraffin®RT27 as PCM were produced. Elastomers were synthesized while varying the molar ratio [NCO]/[OH] between 1.05 and 1.1 and the microcapsule (MC) content from 0.0 to 20.0 wt.%. The successful synthesis of the PUs was confirmed by IR analyses. All the synthesized

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Chen, Xiao Dong, Tie Jun Ma, Hai Zhang, and Rong Sheng Chen. "Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Segmented Castable Polyurethanes Based on 2,4-TDI and 3,5-DMTDA." Applied Mechanics and Materials 29-32 (August 2010): 675–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.29-32.675.

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A series of three castable polyurethane elastomers were prepared from 2,4- toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and 3,5-dimethyl-thioltoluenediamine (DMTDA) chain extender, with polyethylene adipate (PEA), polyoxytetramethylene glycol (PTMG) and polycaprolactone (PCL) soft segments. The polyol molecular weight employed was 2000g/mol. The polyurethane elastomers were characterized by an electronmechanical universal testing machine, a LX-A Shore durometer and a Dynamic Mechanical analyzer (DMA). In addition, fractured surface of the polyurethane elastomers was investigated by a field emission scanning ele

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Bossis, G., C. Abbo, S. Cutillas, S. Lacis, and C. Métayer. "ELECTROACTIVE AND ELECTROSTRUCTURED ELASTOMERS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 15, no. 06n07 (2001): 564–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979201005027.

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Electroactive elastomers are composites made of solid particles embedded in an elastomeric network whose mechanical or optical properties can be changed by the application of an electric or a magnetic field. These materials have obviously a strong connection with ER and MR fluids and can be more appropriated for some applications. We present recent results concerning two kinds of filled elastomer, one based on carbonyl iron particles and the second one on silica particles. In the first case we show that that change of elastic properties obtained by the application of a magnetic field depend dr

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McCarthy, D. W., та J. E. Mark. "Poly(Dimethylsiloxane) Elastomers from Aqueous Emulsions: III. Effects of Blended Silica Fillers and γ-Radiation-Induced Crosslinking". Rubber Chemistry and Technology 71, № 5 (1998): 941–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3538519.

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Abstract The morphologies of the reinforced elastomers prepared from emulsions were found to depend greatly on how the silica phases were introduced. More specifically, blending colloidal silica into the elastomer prior to film formation was found to yield a highly unusual elastomer in which the continuous phase was the silica and the dispersed phase the elastomer. This is the opposite of the usual case in which, for example, the silica is generated in-situ within the continuous elastomeric phase. These morphological differences were used to explain the different shapes of the stress—strain is

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Hutchins, Gudrun A. "Solvent-assisted osmium staining of butyl acrylate and ethylene-propylene-diene in a styrene acrylonitrile matrix." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 51 (August 1, 1993): 900–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100150332.

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In order to optimize the toughening effect of elastomers in engineering polymers, it is necessary to characterize the size, morphology and dispersion of the specific elastomer within the polymer matrix. For unsaturated elastomers such as butadiene or isoprene, staining with osmium tetroxide is a well established procedure. The residual carbon-carbon double bond in these materials is the reactive site and forms a 1,2-dilato complex with the OsO4. Incorporation of osmium tetroxide into the elastomer not only produces sufficient contrast for TEM, but also crosslinks the elastomer sufficiently so

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Yang, J., S. Kaliaguine, and C. Roy. "Improved Quantitative Determination of Elastomers in Tire Rubber by Kinetic Simulation of DTG Curves." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 66, no. 2 (1993): 213–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3538307.

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Abstract A method of identifying and quantifying elastomers and processing oil in tire rubber, called DTG curve simulation method, is proposed. This method is based on DTG (derivative thermogravimetry) analysis of the straight elastomers NR, BR and SBR, which produces a series of decomposition rate data and pairs of kinetic constants. DTG curves of binary elastomer systems NR/SBR, NR/BR and BR/SBR are measured. The samples are qualitatively identified following the shape of their DTG curves. Quantitative determination is achieved by DTG curve simulation using a least squares method. When corre

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Zhai, Jinxian, Xiaoyan Guo, and Nana Liu. "Preparation, Characterization of Propargyl Terminal Polybutadiene and Its Crosslinked Elastomers Properties." Polymers 12, no. 4 (2020): 748. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12040748.

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Propargyl terminal Polybutadiene (PTPB) was successfully prepared through hydroxyl terminal polybutadiene (HTPB) end-capping modification. The FTIR and 13C NMR results indicated that the HTPB terminal hydroxyl was thoroughly replaced and yielded the target product, PTPB, with a theoretical propargyl content of 0.66 mmol g−1. In comparison with HTPB, PTPB has a lower viscosity. Using 1,6-diazide hexane as a curing agent, polytriazole crosslinked polybutadiene (PTriPB) elastomers with various functional molar ratios (R) were prepared by CuAAC reaction, and the glass transition temperatures of th

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Kobayashi, Akama, Ohori, Kawai, and Mitsumata. "Magnetic Elastomers with Smart Variable Elasticity Mimetic to Sea Cucumber." Biomimetics 4, no. 4 (2019): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics4040068.

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A magnetic-responsive elastomer consisting of magnetic elastomer and zinc oxide with a tetrapod shape and long arms was fabricated mimetic to the tissue of sea cucumber in which collagen fibrils are dispersed. Only the part of magnetic elastomer is active to magnetic fields, zinc oxide plays a role of reinforcement for the chain structure of magnetic particles formed under magnetic fields. The magnetic response of storage modulus for bimodal magnetic elastomers was measured when the magnetic particle was substituted to a nonmagnetic one, while keeping the total volume fraction of both particle

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Bernat, Jakub, Piotr Gajewski, Rafał Kapela, Agnieszka Marcinkowska, and Paulina Superczyńska. "Design, Fabrication and Analysis of Magnetorheological Soft Gripper." Sensors 22, no. 7 (2022): 2757. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22072757.

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The magnetorheological elastomer is promising material for applications in soft robotics. Its properties like reactive to external magnetic field and softness allow to construct an attractive devices. This work presents a construction of soft gripper assembled with magnetorheological elastomers. The work describes the detailed molding process of magnetorheological elastomers. Further, the electromechanical properties of magnetorheological elastomers are shown using a simple beam. Finally, the soft gripper is constructed and analyzed with the series of experiments.

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Shih, Albert J., Mark A. Lewis, and John S. Strenkowski. "End Milling of Elastomers—Fixture Design and Tool Effectiveness for Material Removal." Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering 126, no. 1 (2004): 115–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1616951.

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This paper describes the machining of elastomers using sharp, woodworking tools and the machining of cryogenically cooled elastomers. Due to the lack of information on tool selection for elastomer machining, a set of thirteen tools that cover different sizes and tool geometries and materials was used in this study. Fixture design was found to be critical in machining of elastomers because of its relatively low elastic modulus. The cutting force created during machining can generate significant deformations in the elastomer workpiece. The finite element technique is used to analyze the structur

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Yang, Xue, Chang Geng Shuai, and Shen Lin Yang. "Studies on Magnetorheological Elastomers for Isolators." Advanced Materials Research 750-752 (August 2013): 1168–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.750-752.1168.

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Magnetorheological (MR) elastomers are a new type of MR material. At present, most studies in this field are at laboratory stage, and practicability was rarely considered preparation of MR elastomer materials. Consequently, the existing materials with low overall properties cannot be applied in engineering. In this paper, the performance requirements for MR elastomers to be used in isolators were proposed. Then a type of practical MR elastomers for isolators was prepared, and its mechanical performance and MR effect were tested. The results show that the designed MR elastomers have high mechan

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Belarbi, A., B. Mansouri, G. Mehdi, Mohamed Belhouari, and Zitouni Azari. "Stress Reduction in Bone/Dental Implant Interface Using Elastomeric Stress Absorbers." Advanced Materials Research 1099 (April 2015): 129–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1099.129.

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This paper focused on optimal stress distribution in the mandibular bone surrounding a dental implant and devoted to the development of a modified Osteoplant implant type in order to minimize stress concentration in the bone/implant interface. This study investigated two elastomeric stress barriers incorporated into the dental implant using 3-D finite element analysis. Overall, this proposed implant provoked lower bone/implant interface stresses due to the effect of the elastomers as stress absorbers.Key Words: Dental implant, stress absorber, elastomer, finite element method

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Meng, Yan, and Limin Guo. "Synergistic modulation of hydrogen and covalent bonds to enhance the electrical properties of dielectric elastomers." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 3006, no. 1 (2025): 012002. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/3006/1/012002.

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Abstract Dielectric elastomers are a category of smart polymers that respond to changes in external electric fields by deforming. Notable for their exceptional flexibility, rapid response, and precise control, these materials and their associated actuators are emerging as promising candidates for artificial muscle technologies with considerable potential for development. This study constructed acrylate dielectric elastomers featuring double-crosslinked networks with both hydrogen and covalent bonds. We investigated the impact of varying hydrogen bond contents on the mechanical and electrical p

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Zhang, Nai Qiang, Jian Dong, and Hong Yu Chen. "Preparation and Characterization of Elastomers Based on Polydimethylsiloxane/Poly(methyl methacrylate) Blends." Advanced Materials Research 535-537 (June 2012): 1193–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.535-537.1193.

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Polydimethylsiloxane/poly (methyl methacrylate) (PDMS/PMMA) blends were prepared by radical copolymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and divinylbenzene (DVB) in the presence of PDMS. Elastomers based on PDMS/PMMA blends were formed by cross-linking PDMS with methyltriethoxysilane (MTES). Mechanical property measurements show that the elastomers thus formed exhibit superior tensile strength with respect to general room temperature vulcanized silicone elastomers containing silica. Moreover, investigations were carried out on the elastomers by extraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) a

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Katagiri, Takeru, Sogo Kodama, Kotaro Kawahara, Kazuki Umemoto, Takanori Miyoshi, and Tadachika Nakayama. "Response Characteristics of Pressure-Sensitive Conductive Elastomer Sensors Using OFC Electrode with Triangular Wave Concavo-Convex Surfaces." Sensors 24, no. 7 (2024): 2349. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24072349.

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The sensor response of pressure-sensitive conductive elastomers using polymeric materials can be adjusted by altering the type and quantity of fillers used during manufacturing. Another method involves modifying the surface shape of the elastomer. This study investigates the sensor response by altering the surface shape of an electrode using a readily available pressure-sensitive conductive elastomer. By employing an oxygen-free copper electrode with a flat surface (with surface roughness parameters Ra = 0.064 μm and Rz = 0.564 μm) as a baseline, we examined the sensor system’s characteristics

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Tu, Chengzhao, Zhengyuan Wang, Fengdan Zhu, et al. "Effect of Poly (Caprolactone) Introduction Site on the Network Structure and Properties of Glycidyl Azide Polymer Adhesive." Polymers 17, no. 5 (2025): 661. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym17050661.

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Copolymers of glycidyl azide polymer (GAP) and poly (caprolactone) (PCL) were obtained by introducing PCL molecular chains at both ends or side groups of GAP molecular chains, respectively. GAP/PCL elastomers were prepared via polyurethane curing reaction and compared with GAP/PCL elastomers prepared by physical blending, in order to clarify the relationship between microstructure and macroscopic properties. The results showed that no GAP and PCL phase separation was observed in the chemically bonded GAP/PCL elastomers. The elongation at break of the thermosetting GAP/PCL block copolymer elast

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Yang, Xue, Chang Geng Shuai, and Shen Lin Yang. "Magnetorheological Effect of NDI Polyurethane-Based MR Elastomers." Advanced Materials Research 750-752 (August 2013): 832–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.750-752.832.

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The dynamic magnetorheological (MR) effects of 1,5-Naphthalene diisocyanate (NDI) polyurethane-based MR elastomers were tested by changing excitation frequency, excitation amplitude, magnetic strength, or preload. NDI polyurethane-based elastomers show high dynamic mechanical property, and were used as base material to prepare MR elastomers, whose mechanical performance and dynamic MR effect were tested. The results show that: (1) the prepared NDI polyurethane-based MR elastomers have high mechanical performance and MR effect; (2) their MR effect was reduced with the increase in excitation amp

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