Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Espaces structurés'
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Lebrat, Léo. "Projection au sens de Wasserstein 2 sur des espaces structurés de mesures." Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ISAT0035.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the approximation for the 2-Wasserstein metric of probability measures by structured measures. The set of structured measures under consideration is made of consistent discretizations of measures carried by a smooth curve with a bounded speed and acceleration. We compare two different types of approximations of the curve: piecewise constant and piecewise linear. For each of these methods, we develop fast and scalable algorithms to compute the 2-Wasserstein distance between a given measure and the structured measure. The optimization procedure reveals new theoretical and numerical challenges, it consists of two steps: first the computation of the 2-Wasserstein distance, second the optimization of the parameters of structure. This work is initially motivated by the design of trajectories in MRI acquisition, however we provide new applications of these methods
Wisniewski, Guillaume. "Apprentissage dans les espaces structurés : application à l'étiquetage de séquences et à la transformation automatique de documents." Paris 6, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA066525.
Full textgaudens, gérald. "Espaces profinis et problèmes de réalisabilité de structures algébriques comme cohomologie d'un espace topologique." Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00002406.
Full textGaudens, Gérald. "Espaces profinis et problèmes de réalisabilité de structures algébriques comme cohomologie d'un espace topologique." Nantes, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NANT2061.
Full textDeschamps, Guillaume. "Espaces twistoriels et structures complexes exotiques." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011091.
Full textDidry, Manon Bertram Wolfgang. "Structures algébriques sur les espaces symétriques." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://www.scd.uhp-nancy.fr/docnum/SCD_T_2006_0055_DIDRY.pdf.
Full textDidry, Manon. "Structures algébriques sur les espaces symétriques." Nancy 1, 2006. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2006_0055_DIDRY.pdf.
Full textLn a first part, we describe a method for associating to a Lie algebra over a ring a polynomial group. Ln the case where this Lie algebra comes from a Lie group, the polynomial group corresponds to the n-jet of the Lie group. Then we extend this construction to the case of Lie triple systems and associate to each Lie triple system over a ring a polynomial symmetric space. The second part of this thesis is devoted to the study of a geometric interpretation of the notion of Lie triple system representation, in the sense of the module concept, introduced by S. Eilenberg [10]. We establish that the geometric object naturally associated to a representation of a Lie triple system coming from a symmetric space is a vector bundle over this symmetric space, carrying a symmetric space structure, compatible with the one of the base. Such an object is called a symmetric bundle. A similar correspondence between Lie triple system representations and polynomial symmetric bundles is also pointed out in the general case
Chantrait, Teddy. "Approche multiéchelle en espace et en temps pour la prévision des endommagements dans les structures composites soumises à un impact de faible énergie." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ISAL0129/document.
Full textThe composite laminates are increasingly used in aircraft structural parts which lead to new issues such as the Low Energy Impacts (LEI). Indeed, although they have well mechanical properties relative to their mass, small shocks may be very harmfull for laminates. Controlling such situations is essential for manufacturers that why lot of testing campaigns are currently performed. Yet, they are time consuming and expensive considering the many influential parameters (energy, speed, layup...). Numerical simulations of this phenomenon by practicing the so called “virtual testing” process could be really helpfull to rationalize testing campaigns in order to save money. Yet, this practice remain currently hard to do at the industrial scale due to the excessive CPU time required for fine simulation of damages induced by the LEI. Based on this observation, this work has consisted in taking advantage of the spatial and temporal location of delamination, matrix cracking and fiber breakage that can occur during impact in order to reduce the computational cost. Thus, a space and time multiscale method has been put in place. The impacted structure is split into two areas. One is located around the impacted point, it contains all the non-regularities of the problem (contact, softening law, cohesive zone model). This domain is treated with the explicit dynamics code Europlexus. The other one corresponds to the complementary part. The mechanical problem is much more regular and it is treated with the implicit dynamics code Zset / Zebulon. A low intrusive coupling based on the GC method is carried out between these two codes. It allows to use an adapted model in both regions different time step are in particular used. A time step ratio upper to 1000 can be reach between the one of the explicit code set by the stability condition and the one used in the complementary part. As a results, significant CPU time is saved. This is confirmed by the simulation of a stiffened composite panel impacted. It is also shown that the implicit / explicit allocation can change over the calculation. To do that, a switch mechanism has been established. It thus makes it possible to transit the resolution of a portion of the structure initially solved in the code Zebulon to Europlexus. As a results, further gain is obtained
Bovetto, Nicolas. "Structures symplectiques sur les espaces de superlacets." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00739570.
Full textAnglès, Pierre. "Structures sur certains espaces de spineurs et applications." Toulouse 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU30260.
Full textSuarez, Cifuentes Marco. "Corps, gestes, perceptions : Interrelations, articulations et poétiques de l'espace instrumental, acoustique et électro-acoustique." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLET002/document.
Full textMARCOLINO, NHANI JOSE LUIS PIRES. "La stabilite des espaces l#p-non-commutatifs et la structure des sous-espaces de treillis." Besançon, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BESA2011.
Full textSohrabi, Narciss M. "La Révolution Iranienne et les espaces publics à Téhéran." Thesis, Paris 10, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA100069/document.
Full textThe 20th century for Iranian people was involved with various changes and challenges in terms of needs and expectations. The changes in needs were rooted in two completely different sources: oil and Mashrote. The oil as a blessing gift from ground was the source of changes and challenges in Iran and Midealeast and the Mashrote was the initiation source of thinking transformation about society and individual and group freedom among Iranian population which was followed by the numerous movement and challenges such as freedom, national and religious values.In the length of 20th century, Tehran as the capital city of Iran along with every change in the structure of government as well as every Ideology changes has experienced new forms which were influenced by the commands and desires of authorities. Depended to social-political changes, the authority’s power exercising in some duration increased and in some cases decrease and the influences of this ideological movement gradually reflected in social and cultural spaces of society. In the case that government tended to modernization, the modern spaces were formed and if the government was following the Islamic culture, the religious spaces got more attention.One of the critical durations was Islamic Revelation of 1978 which was putting a lot of efforts to negate the past durations and trying to establish the new form of society. The first years of Islamic Republic which was followed by the war between Iran and Iraq were the years that revolutionaries was trying to uphold the Islamic revelation rules. All these direct and indirect rules had effects on social city. Now after three decades of huge changes, the revelation convalescence has passed and we are witness of changes and transformations in government structure as well as management and control of spaces.To assess the ensemble of changes and the people positions in acceptance or ignorance of these changes, three districts with different social, economic and political structures were selected where Beryânak- Haft Chenar, Nârmak, Shahrak-e Gharb the behavior, values and the needs of residence of each district will be considered as a dialectical between residences and authorities. In city scale, the cultural and public spaces and their changes trend before and after of Islamic revolution were investigated
شروع قرن بیستم برای ایرانیان ، حامل چالش ها، تغییرات در زمینه نیازها و انتظارات بود، این تغییر خواسته هایدو سرچشمه کاملا متفاوت داشتند: نفت و مشروطه. نفت به عنوان نعمتی که از زمین می جوشید و سرچشمهتحولات و چالش های متفاوتی در ایران و خاورمیانه را در بر داشت، و مشروطیت که باعث تغییر و تحول در تفکرایرانیان نسبت به جامعه و آزادی های فردی و جمعی محسوب می شود، مشروطیتی که جنبش ها و چالش های بیشماری در پی داشت ، آزادی،ارزش های ملی یا ارزش های دینی .در طی سالهای قرن بیستم شهر تهران، پایتخت ایران ،با هر تغییر ساختار قدرت ، یعنی با هر تغییر ایده لوژی ، تحتتاثیر خواسته های دولتمردان ، فرمی جدیدی از اعمال فشار را تجربه کرده است. بسته به تغییر شرایط سیاسی اجتماعی در دوره هایی این کنترل و اعمال قدرت بر فضاهای عمومی رادیکال تر شده است و در بازه های زمانیکمتر. تاثیر تحولات ایدولوژیک بر فضاهای مرتبط با ساختار فرهنگی و جامعه بازتاب یافته است . اگر دولت بهدنبال مدرنیزاسیون بود، فضا های مدرن شکل می گرفتند و اگر به د نبال اشاعه فرهنگ اسلامی بود ، فضاهای مذهبیمورد توجه قرار گرفته اند.از دوره های حساس و قابل بحث ، انقلاب اسلامی سال 7531 بود که سعی در نفیساختارهای شکل گرفته در دوره های پیش از خود و در پی ایجاد فرم جدیدی از جامعه بود . اولین سالهای پس از حاکمشدن نظام جمهوری اسلامی و در پی آن جنگ مابین ایران و عراق بود ، که دهه اول پس از انقلاب را در بر می گیرد، مجموعه سالهایی بودند که انقلابیون در پی اجرای انجیل انقلابشان بودند. این مجموعه اعمال نظرها به طور مسقیم وغیر مستقیم بر کالبد و اجتماع شهری موثر بودند. در حال حاضر با گذشت بیش از سه دهه از این تحول عظیم ، دورهنقاهت پس از انقلاب اسلامی سپری شده است و در طی این سه دهه شاهد تغییر ، تحول و دگرگونی های در ساختارقدرت و نحوه اداره، مدیریت و کنترل فضای عمومی بوده ایم . برای بررسی مجموعه این تغییرات و جایگاه مردم،در رد یا قبول این تغییرات، سه محله با ساختار اجتماعی، اقتصادی و سیاسی متفاوت با نام های بریانک -هفتچنار، نارمک و شهرک غرب را انتخاب و بررسی نموده ایم . در طی این تحقیق در صدد تحلیل فرم فضا، نحوهتعریف فضای عمومی، ارزش ها و نیازهای ساکنین هر یک از این سه محله در مقیاس خرد پرداختیم .در مقیاس شهربه بررسی فضاهای فرهنگی عمومی و روند تغییراتشان در سالهای پیش از انقلاب اسلامی و پس از آن در مقیاسکلان پرداختیم. چراکه فضای عمومی را عرصه دیالکتیک میان ساکنین و قدرت می شناسیم، خواه در مقیاس محله،خواه در مقیاس یک شهر
Voiron-Canicio, Christine. "Espace, structures et dynamiques regionales. L'arc mediterraneen." Nice, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NICE2018.
Full textThis thesis aims at studying the mediterranean arc : the regions from the straits of gibraltar to the straits of messina that border the coasts of the northwestern mediterranean. The study undertakes to find out whether there exist, beyond the apparent differences, similar forms of organization and types of evolution, and whether, excepting time-lags the devolopment trands have been identical or close. In a word, does an arc effect exist? spatial considerations are at the heart of the problem, the first part of the study is thus devoted to research on methods and techniques that allow for the best integration of space within the regional analysis. The structures and regional dynamics of the arc are analysed in part 2. In the first place, we have compared their structures and socio-economic dynamics with those of other european regions. We next focussed on the string of coastal provinces and departments. Fanally, we have carried out several "close-up" views by focussing on a sample of regions whose structures we have compared, and the functioning of the micro-regional dynamics of on of which has been modelled
Bach, Sarah. "Espace et structure dans les Métamorphoses d’Ovide." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040087.
Full textThe relationship between Ovid's Metamorphoses and the notion of space is analyzed in the three different directions of the concept (geometrical space), of the experience (practical space) and of representations (metaphorical space). The cosmogony, the first tale in the Metamorphoses, poses the question of the boundaries between the elements, while the birth of human beings poses that of their transgression. The text is constructed upon a tension within which space is the driving force. The Metamorphoses offer the reader a journey to Rome punctuated by indications of a progressive romanization. The chosen space of the text thus becomes the terrestrial space and its geography. But this is only an illusory kind of linearity. There is a strong sense of fear of a return to the initial chaos and the book is constructed around the programmatic expression of the «discors concordia» (1,433). The beings who inhabit the mundus take part in this tension. The cosmogony has laid the foundations for a spatial ontology. Spaces are thresholds where the identity of all beings is played out and questioned, in an ontology in movement that unites the transformations of space and nature
Guetat, Farah. "Structures et dynamiques des espaces frontaliers de la Tunisie du Sud-Est." Aix-Marseille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX10014.
Full textCartier, Sébastien. "Surfaces des espaces homogènes de dimension 3." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00672332.
Full textBrahimi, Malek. "Structure turbulente des panaches thermiques : interaction." Poitiers, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987POIT2282.
Full textBekka, Karim. "Sur les propriétés topologiques et métriques des espaces stratifiés." Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA112274.
Full textIn this work, we introduce a condition of equi-singularity, that we call the weak Whitney regular condition (W. F. ) (defined by a control function which is a Thom mapping). We show that a (W. F. ) space admits a Thom-Mather structure. We also show that they are (a) regular, and stable by transversal intersections. Secondly, we define, to study some metric properties, a condition of regularity weaker than Whitney's condition (b) that we call: condition (δ). We then show that the (a) + (δ) regular spaces: -- are (W. F. ) spaces -- are stable by transversal intersections -- have a locally finite volume when the (n-2)-skeleton is empty -- have a finite geodesic diameter -- have a length metric giving the initial topology
Milliet, Cédric. "Propriétés algébriques des structures menues ou minces, rang de Cantor Bendixson, espaces topologiques généralisés." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00442772.
Full textGilles, Jérôme. "Décomposition et détection de structures géométriques en imagerie." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00089549.
Full textAprès une étude théorique de ces approches, nous proposons une extension au cas des images bruitées nous permettant d'obtenir alors une décomposition en trois composantes: structures + textures + bruit.
Par ailleurs, nous proposons une méthode spécifique en vue d'évaluer les résultats obtenus à partir des différents alggorithmes.
Enfin, nous présentons quelques applications des ces méthodes de décomposition d'image, notamment un algorithme de détection de réseaux routiers en imagerie aérienne ou satellitaire. Cet algorithme combine décomposition d'image, détection d'alignements par la théorie de la Gestalt et modèle déformable.
Suciu, Laurian. "Structures, ergodicité et applications des A-contractions." Lyon 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LYO10212.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is the study of bounded linear operators T on a Hilbert space H satisfying the inequality T*AT ≤ A, with respect to a positive operator A. Such a T is called an A-contraction. In order to study the ergodic behavior of an A-contraction we introduce the concepts of ergodic, abelian ergodic, and (quasi-) uniform ergodic. We also consider the maximum invariant (reducing) subspace for A and T on which T*AT=A and we obtain Nagy-Foias and Wold type decompositions of H (in the regular case) and some ergodic type decompositions. We give some applications concerning strongly continuous semigroups of operators, hyponormal contractions (quasinormal), contractions with the asymptotic limit an orthogonal projection and quasi-isometries
Petitjean, Charlie. "Actions hyperboliques du groupe multiplicatif sur des variétés affines : espaces exotiques et structures locales." Thesis, Dijon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015DIJOS009/document.
Full textThis thesis is devoted to the study of affine T-varieties using the Altmann-Hausen presentation. We are especially interested in the case of hyperbolic actions of the multiplicative group Gm. In the first part, exotic affine spaces are studied, that is, smooth contractible affine varieties, assuming in addition that they are endowed with a Gm-action. In particular, in the case of dimension 3, we reinterpret the construction of Koras-Russell threefolds in terms of polyhedral divisors andwe give constructions of smooth contractible affine varieties and in dimensionslarger than 3.In the second part we consider the property of G-uniform rationality for a G-variety. This means that every point of this variety there exists an open G-stable neighborhood, which is equivariantly somorphic to a G-stable open subset of the affine space. In particular we will exhibit Gm-varieties which are smooth and rational but not Gm-uniformly rational
Rossi, Salvemini Clara. "Espace-temps globalement hyperboliques conformément plats." Phd thesis, Université d'Avignon, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00934781.
Full textBouzoubaa, Taoufik. "Compactification d'espaces de structures hyperboliques." Rennes 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992REN10060.
Full textSkhiri, Haykel. "Opérateurs semi-Fredholm : structures et approximations." Lille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LIL10172.
Full textLe premier theme de cette partie est consacre aux operateurs -semi-fredholm. Nous montrons un theoreme qui etend a cette classe d'operateurs le theoreme de kato sur la stabilite des operateurs semi-fredholm par les petites perturbations. Nous nous interessons aussi aux points de continuite de la conorme de poids. Le second theme est consacre aux operateurs semi-fredholm. Nous calculons plusieurs formmules de distance liees aux operateurs semi-fredholm. Nous etudions la structure des composantes connexes semi-fredholm en utilisant d'autres moyens que ceux employees dans la premiere partie. Enfin, nous terminons par un exemple simplifie qui montre que certains resultats obtenus dans la premiere partie sont uniquement valables dans le cas separable
Altineus, Francky 1985-2016. "Espaces agraires en Haïti = structure foncière et production du riz dans le département Artibonite = Espaços agrários no Haiti : estrutura fundiária e produção de arroz no departamento de Artibonite." [s.n.], 2015. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/287754.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociências
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Résumé: L'objectif général de ce travail consiste à analyser l'espace agraire haïtien, tout en considérant la production du riz dans le département de l'Artibonite comme le point essentiel. Ce travail est organisé selon trois parties: la première partie s'intéresse à étudier la production agricole et les principales caractéristiques des campagnes haïtiennes. Et, elle nous propose d'identifier un certain nombre de blocage naturel et historique qui entravent la modernisation de l'agriculture haïtienne et le développement du pays, comme les conditions naturelles défavorables, les inégalités sociales et économiques structurelles et faible intervention de l'État dans ce domaine. Dans la deuxième partie, nous analysons la question agraire dans le pays, qui a été toujours un problème particulièrement crucial dans l'histoire économique et sociale du pays depuis son accession à l'indépendance en 1804 à nos jours. Dans la troisième partie, on propose une étude sur la production du riz dans le département de l'Artibonite. Notre étude nous montre malgré les contraintes structurelles et naturelles rencontrées dans la production du riz, la Vallée de l'Artibonite joue un rôle important en matière d'approvisionnement en riz local
Resumo: O objetivo geral deste trabalho é analisar o espaço agrário no Haiti, considerando a produção de arroz no departamento de Artibonite como ponto principal. Este trabalho está dividido em três partes: a primeira se interessa em estudar a produção agrícola e as principais características do campo haitiano. Ela nos permite identificar um conjunto de problemas naturais e históricos que prejudicam a modernização da agricultura haitiana e o desenvolvimento do país. Problemas como condições naturais desfavoráveis, desigualdades sociais e econômicas estruturais e inanição do Estado no setor agrário. Na segunda parte, analisamos a questão agrária no país, que tem sido sempre uma questão particularmente importante na história social e econômica do país desde a sua independência em 1804 até hoje. Na terceira parte, propomos um estudo sobre a produção de arroz no departamento de Artibonite. Nosso estudo mostra que apesar dos problemas estruturais e naturais na produção de arroz, o Vale do Artibonite desempenha um papel importante no abastecimento local de arroz
Mestrado
Análise Ambiental e Dinâmica Territorial
Mestre em Geografia
Hadjar, Mohamed. "Sur les structures de contact invariantes en dimension trois." Mulhouse, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MULH0226.
Full textCoupet, Bernard. "Régularité d'applications holomorphes sur des variétés totalement réelles. Structure des espaces de Bergman." Aix-Marseille 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987AIX11090.
Full textKourganoff, Mickaël. "Géométrie et dynamique des espaces de configuration." Thesis, Lyon, École normale supérieure, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENSL1049/document.
Full textThis thesis is divided into three parts. In the first part, we study linkages (mechanisms made of rigid rods) whose ambiant space is no longer the plane, but various Riemannian manifolds. We study the question of the universality of linkages: this notion corresponds to the idea that every curve would be traced out by a vertex of some linkage, and that any differentiable manifold would be the configuration space of some linkage. We extend universality theorems to the Minkowski plane, the hyperbolic plane, and finally the sphere.Any surface in R^3 can be flattened with respect to the z-axis, and the flattened surface gets close to a billiard table in R^2. In the second part, we show that, under some hypotheses, the geodesic flow of the surface converges locally uniformly to the billiard flow. Moreover, if the billiard is dispersing, the chaotic properties of the billiard also apply to the geodesic flow: we show that it is Anosov in this case. By applying this result to the theory of linkages, we obtain a new example of Anosov linkage, made of five rods.In the third part, we first consider manifolds with locally metric connections, that is, connections which are locally Levi-Civita connections of Riemannian metrics; we give in this framework an analog of De Rham's decomposition theorem, which usually applies to Riemannian manifolds. In the case such a connection also preserves a conformal structure, we show that this decomposition has at most two factors; moreover, when there are exactly two factors, one of them is the Euclidean space R^q. The proofs of the results of this part use foliations with transverse similarity structures. On these foliations, we give a rigidity theorem of independant interest: they are either transversally flat, or transversally Riemannian
Bouschbacher, Fabien. "Des coordonnées de décalage sur le super espace de Teichmüller." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00963569.
Full textFranc, Annik. "Structures de spin et opérateur de Dirac sur les espaces riemanniens symétriques compacts simplement connexes." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213245.
Full textHachemi, Hacène. "Mesure de la fonction de structure (aq**(2)) du deuterium par diffusion d'electrons." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066406.
Full textZolla, Frédéric. "Contribution à l'étude de la diffraction et de l'adsorption des ondes électromagnétiques : structures bipériodiques minces, structures cylindriques par la méthode des sources fictives." Aix-Marseille 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993AIX30070.
Full textGEORGOULAS, ANDONIS. "Espace social local et structure des reclassements. (grece 1950-1985)." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990STR20032.
Full textReproduction of a social structure into the case of a social transformation, cann't be realized in an abstract way through the state's "ideological apparates", or cann't be understood with reference to an unhistorical and out of contextmodel of social mobility. It is a process resulting from a continual interaction between the agents corresponding to the initial structure of relative positions. This interaction is expressed in hole the spectre of social practices in the form of determinations of an initial system of handicaps and in the forl of continual antagonism between social relative positions. So, the movement of transfers, starting from greek rural space, is a distribution process in every kind of professional group, distribution which, not being isoprobabilist, depends on the detrminations of a past constituted system of local and interlocal differentiations. In fact, it is a re-classifiction process of agents, corresponding to the local social space of relative positions, into the transformed space of resources and meanings, process which defines the specific way of reproduction into a context of generalized transformations
Magnan, Édith. "L'"Espace Pliable" : une structure modulable comme capture de moment." Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010505.
Full textIn order to have the experience of it, this thesis explores the idea of what's called Foldable Space, meaning a "modulable structure as captured time". Space represented through an artwork, is not only considered as a three-dimensional environment that the spectator moves through, but as an event which questions and reaffirms its spatiality. Constantly moving, because foldable, do we know precisely where the encounter happens? Where it folds and unfolds? As part of my art practice, developing the idea of a Foldable Space, these works made to be unfurled and bent, folded and unfolded, question both the volume from the perspective of its extension and the expanding "field of sculpture". Using a corpus of works mainly from the 1960s to the present day, the thesis linked to this artwork intends to identify and analyse some of the different spatial and temporal relationships at work. Summoning artists such as Robert Morris, Franz Erhard Walther or the architect Hans-Walter Müller, the imperative of this research is to study space in regard to its sculptural and aesthetic characteristics, mainly in order to reconsider our experience of this space. Very nearly a sculptural practice, these installations between visible and invisible, tangible and intangible, seem "to capture" nothing but "space". Supported by Deleuze's analysis of the fold as a dynamic system - because foldable - once inside one of my cubic sculptures, the sculpture becomes a witness of the time the spectator spends with it
Lery, Thibaut. "Structure et focalisation des vents magnetises en rotation." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996STR13244.
Full textTouret, Olivier. "Structure des argiles hydratees : thermodynamique de la deshydratation et de la compaction des smectites." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988STR13026.
Full textLeblond, Nelly. "Habiter des espaces investis et des espaces gris : une géographie de la constellation agropolitique à l’œuvre au Nord du Mozambique." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MON30031.
Full textThis thesis analyzes the circulation and the materialization of the discourse promoting the intensification of agricultural production and private investments in Africa to achieve food security and Development. It is based on the study of the agropolitical constellation, i.e. the set of actors interacting around the issue of agricultural production, in northern Mozambique. This thesis explores the transformation of spaces targeted by investments and of grey spaces, neglected by the agricultural policy, Development, as well as investment projects. Theoretical concepts from Geography, Political Agronomy, and Science and Technology Studies, are arrayed to analyze the knowledge and power relations, the ignorance, the manipulations, and the mechanisms of violence interacting over multiple scales and across different spaces. This work relies on the assumption that the productive logic of food security and Development is accompanied with various strategies aiming at the government of populations, the conquest of territories or the capture of resources. This thesis explores the manner in which the representations of agriculture are articulated to serve multiple stakes, the manner they contribute to power and knowledge asymmetries, as well as the processes by which they reshape rural spaces. This thesis investigates the circulation of agricultural representations in the agricultural policy and in several Development and investment projects targeting the Nacala corridor. It documents the gap separating these representations from those of the Makhuwa societies inhabiting the corridor. It sheds light on the mechanisms enabling their coexistence and their materialization. The grounded analysis of grey spaces and spaces targeted by investments reveals the manner the interactions between the discourse on agriculture, its materialization, and the economic and political context of northern Mozambique generate mechanisms of structural violence and a politicization of inhabitants. This inductive research is based on qualitative research methods: observations, semi-structured interviews, immersions in Makhuwa societies, and analysis of grey literature. It is based on field work totaling one year in northern Mozambique
Lorrain, Stéphanie. "Espace privé et espace public dans le récit longs de Nathaniel Hawthorne." Metz, 2006. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/2007/Lorrain.Stephanie.LMZ0615.pdf.
Full textIn the nineteenth-century American society was undergoing major social and economic changes aimed at forging a political as well as a cultural identity for the United States. The purpose of this analysis is to understand how Nathaniel Hawthorne perceived these changes. We examine the role and the impact of the nineteenth-century public discourses (those on childhood education, philanthropy, religion, and economics) not only on the individual, but also on the general functioning of society. These discourses were indeed central to the construction of the social structures organizing public and private life. What did public and private space represent in Nathaniel Hawthorne's time? To what extent were these two spheres related to each other? What were the role and the place of the individual in American society? What was Nathaniel Hawthorne’s attitude toward this new social situation? Did it coincide with his ideal vision of society? All these questions are dealt with in the light of the four novels published by the author: The Scarlet Letter (1850), The House of the Seven Gables (1851), The Blithedale Romance (1852) and The Marble Faun (1860). Due to their brevity, his tales and sketches have not been used
Abdelghani, Maher. "Identification temporelle des structures : approche des algorithmes sous-espace dans l'espace état." Montpellier 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MON20185.
Full textSauvaget, Adrien. "Théorie de l’intersection sur les espaces de différentielles holomorphes et méromorphes." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066460/document.
Full textWe construct the space of stable differentials: a moduli space of meromorphic differentials with poles of fixed order. This space is a cone over the moduli space Mg,n of stable curves. If the set of poles is empty, then this cone is the Hodge bundle. We introduce the tautological ring of the projectivized space of stable differentials by analogy with Mg,n. The space of stable differentials is stratified according to the orders of zeros of the differential. We show that the Poincaré-dual cohomology classes of these strata are tautological and can be explicitly computed, this constitutes the main result of this thesis. We apply this result to compute Hurwitz numbers and to show several identities in the Picard group of the strata. Then, we interest ourselves to moduli spaces of differentials of superior order. A curve endowed with a k-differential carry a natural ramified covering of Galois group Z/kZ. The Hodge bundle over the covering curve is decomposed into a direct sum of sub-vector bundles according to the character of Z/kZ. We compute the first Chern class of each of these sub-bundles. A last chapter will be dedicated to the presentation of conjectural relations between classes of strata of differentials, moduli of r-spin structures and double ramification cycles
Bonahon, Francis. "Structures géométriques sur les variétés de dimension 3 et applications." Paris 11, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA112365.
Full textThis thesis consists of three distinct parts. In the first part, the cobordism group of surface diffeomorphisms is computed. We use for these purpose geometric methods, in particular various characteristic splitting of 3-manifolds into pieces equipped with geometric structures. This computation, together with other geometric methods, is also applied to a problem of knot cobordism. The second part is devoted to elliptic structures, i. E. Riemannian metrics of constant curvature +1, on 3-dimensional lens spaces. We show that these elliptic structures are all isotopic. This amounts to computing the group of isotopy classes of diffeomorphisms of any given lens space. In the third part, we study the behaviour at infinity of hyperbolic a manifold whose fundamental group are finitely generated and, say, does not split as a free product. In particular, we show that these manifolds are “geometrically tame” in the sense introduced by Thurston. A corollary is that these hyperbolic manifolds satisfy the Ahlfors conjecture on the measure of their limit set
Lavandier, Jean. "Role du tenseur de Nijenhuis dans l'intégralité de certaines g-structures." Toulouse 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991TOU30272.
Full textMertz, Jean-Didier. "Role des structures de porosite dans des proprietes de transport : application aux gres du buntsandstein et du brent (alwyn, mer du nord)." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989STR13041.
Full textKENIGSBERG, PAUL-ARIEL. "Structure et modifications post-traductionnelles de la chloroperoxydase, une hemoproteine secretee chez le champignon filamenteux caldariomyces fumago." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066479.
Full textChannarond, Antoine. "Recherche de structure dans un graphe aléatoire : modèles à espace latent." Thesis, Paris 11, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA112338/document.
Full text.This thesis addresses the clustering of the nodes of a graph, in the framework of randommodels with latent variables. To each node i is allocated an unobserved (latent) variable Zi and the probability of nodes i and j being connected depends conditionally on Zi and Zj . Unlike Erdos-Renyi's model, connections are not independent identically distributed; the latent variables rule the connection distribution of the nodes. These models are thus heterogeneous and their structure is fully described by the latent variables and their distribution. Hence we aim at infering them from the graph, which the only observed data.In both original works of this thesis, we propose consistent inference methods with a computational cost no more than linear with respect to the number of nodes or edges, so that large graphs can be processed in a reasonable time. They both are based on a study of the distribution of the degrees, which are normalized in a convenient way for the model.The first work deals with the Stochastic Blockmodel. We show the consistency of an unsupervised classiffcation algorithm using concentration inequalities. We deduce from it a parametric estimation method, a model selection method for the number of latent classes, and a clustering test (testing whether there is one cluster or more), which are all proved to be consistent. In the second work, the latent variables are positions in the ℝd space, having a density f. The connection probability depends on the distance between the node positions. The clusters are defined as connected components of some level set of f. The goal is to estimate the number of such clusters from the observed graph only. We estimate the density at the latent positions of the nodes with their degree, which allows to establish a link between clusters and connected components of some subgraphs of the observed graph, obtained by removing low degree nodes. In particular, we thus derive an estimator of the cluster number and we also show the consistency in some sense
Hardouin, Sylvie. "Caracterisation des proteines liantes des igfs (insulin - like growth factors ou somatomedines) du serum humain : regulation, relation, structure, fonction." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066288.
Full textGuenancia, Henri. "Métriques de Kähler-Einstein singulières." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066523.
Full textIn this thesis, the notion of Kähler-Einstein metric is central. After the pioneering works of Aubin and Yau (among others) who proved the existence of Kähler metrics with negative or zero Ricci curvature, mathematicians started to focus on various generalizations of these results. We will present two such aspects and an application in algebraic geometry. First, we will show the existence of Kähler-Einstein metrics with prescribed singularities (of cone or Poincaré type) along a simple normal crossing divisor. Then, we will construct Kähler-Einstein metrics on singular varieties and more precisely with semi-log canonical singularities (joint work with Robert Berman); we will further analyze the singularities of those metrics attached to Kawamata log terminal (klt) pairs on the log-smooth locus, which will make a connection with the first part. Finally, we will mention an application of those techniques to the semi-stability or generic semipositivity of the tangent sheaf of varieties with log canonical singularities
Robitaille, Jean-François. "Analyse métrique de structures HI dans le plan galactique." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25570/25570.pdf.
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