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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Ethnic question'
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Shute, Jonathan Wayne. "Ethnic minorities and the truancy question." Thesis, University of Buckingham, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.436886.
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Currently, the American educational establishment promotes the traditional idea that the causes of truancy rest with truants themselves. The general tendency in educational administration is to regard school as an unchallengeable good such that any child willfully absenting himself from it must be rebellious and/or deficient. While this thinking may describe some truants, certain recent research, including this dissertation suggests to the contrary that most truants are students who snake rational choices as to whether to attend school or to attend certain classes after they have arrived in school. The present dissertation belongs to a relatively new tradition, with two main novel features. First, to the idea of School Truancy there has been added the notion of Class Truancy. The research cohort of which this dissertation is a part, has shown that, in the western state where our research was based, though School Truancy is common, Class Truancy is even more common. Secondly, this new tradition proposes that truancy is most fruitfully explored when it is seen as a rational response to inadequacies in curriculum and pedagogy. The particular focus of this dissertation is the tendency for ethnic minorities in high schools to truant from school and class. My findings show that if our large student sample is at all typical, there is massive truancy in American high schools and a disproportionately large truancy by ethnic minorities. This tendency to higher than average truancy by ethnic minorities is understandable, since there is a fast growing number of immigrants who flow into the United States each year. The largest of these minority groups is Hispanic. Unfortunately, relatively little truancy research has been done with this group or, for that matter, any other minority group. The thesis has sought to uncover the relationship between students belonging to ethnic minorities, including those for whom English is a second language, and their truancy. A survey was administered to 2727 high school students in the western United States, and 962 students in the eastern United States. The survey questions were constructed to gain information regarding the students' demographic profiles, truancy patterns both from school and class over the previous two months, students' attitudes toward school regarding value of education, reading, parents, friends, teachers, and English as a second language. This study found serious truanting taking place in these schools among both Caucasian and ethnic minority students, with higher levels among the ethnic minorities. We also found high truancy levels among those students who speak English as a second language, mainly from those who perceive their English proficiency in understanding, speaking, reading and writing to be weak. The findings suggest that the percentage of high school students who truant is shockingly high. They also suggest that the causes of truancy may lie more in curriculum and pedagogical arrangements than in deficiencies in the truants themselves. This suggested cause would seem to demand that administrators and teacher educators elevate the truancy problem to a much higher priority than it seems to enjoy now. My thesis makes certain recommendations as to how the problem may be better understood so that effective solutions may be found.
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Peralta, Judith B. "The Kurds in Canada, a question of ethnic identity." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq22098.pdf.
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Peralta, Judith B. Carleton University Dissertation Sociology and Anthropology. "The Kurds in Canada: a question of ethnic identity." Ottawa, 1997.
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Nag, Sajal. "Roots of ethnic conflict : nationality question in North-East India /." New Delhi : Manohar, 1990. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37704876z.
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Dzanic, Dzavid. "A clash of visions : the ethnic question in lower Canada, 1848-1850." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/14735.
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Although much historiographical attention has been paid to the way in which Lower-Canadian political groups responded to the Union, Responsible Government, the April 1849
burning of the Parliament in Montreal, and the annexation movement, the key principle
underlying the political discourses of les Rouges, the conservative English Canadians, and the ministerial press in the late 1840s remains somewhat elusive. Much of the existing scholarship, moreover, is divided along linguistic and regional lines, which often produces interpretations that do not take into account the wider political discussion between French and English Canadians. By analysing the debates between L ‘Avenir, the Montreal Gazette, La Minerve, and The Pilot, and considering the manner in which those newspapers used the 1848 European Revolutions to add strength to their visions of Lower Canada’s future, this
thesis argues that interethnic harmony and disharmony represented the ultimate stakes for all Lower-Canadian political groups between 1848 and 1850. Les Rouges (L ‘Avenir) and the conservative English Canadians (the Montreal Gazette) believed that French and English Canadians could not live together in harmony, and, as a result, they demanded reforms that would strengthen the political role of the ethnic group to which they respectively belonged. In contrast, the ministerial press (La Minerve and The Pilot) believed in the possibility of
interethnic harmony and wanted to preserve Responsible Government, which, in their
opinion, had the potential to prevent future interethnic conflicts.
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Ng'weno, Bettina Amilie. "The state in question Afro-Colombians, ethnic territories and governing in the Andes /." Available to US Hopkins community, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/dlnow/3068192.
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Guy, Nicola C. "Ethnic nationalism, the great powers and the question of Albanian independence, 1912-1921." Thesis, Durham University, 2008. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/1356/.
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FitzGerald, Marian. "The race and crime debate in Britain : what was the question?" Thesis, University of Surrey, 1997. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/2236/.
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Oloya, Charlotte. "Decentralisation as a tool in managing the ethnic question: a case study of Uganda." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2011. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_4963_1365584470.
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Clayton, John Stephen. "Multiculturalism in question : a study of inter-ethnic relations in the city of Leicester." Thesis, Durham University, 2006. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/1826/.
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Ooya, Charlotte. "Decentralisation as a tool in managing the ethnic question : a case study in Uganda." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/18648.
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At the dawn of independence in Africa, colonial rulers hastily introduced new structures such as national parliaments, local councils, and opposition parties in a bid to channel popular demands into responsive policies. These structures while all laudable were no match for the ethnic identities that had been created during the colonial period. Colonial rulers had drawn ethnic and geographic boundaries arbitrarily perhaps as part of the divide and rule policy which are said to have contributed immensely to the development of ethnic identities. This seems to give credibility to Mngomezulu argument that the concept of ‘ethnicity’ itself was imposed by colonial administrators upon an otherwise undifferentiated group of people. Thus, while it may be true that Africans in the pre-colonial societies were not homogeneous as evidenced by the migration of various groups across the continent, the colonial era played on the divisions making them rigid.<br>Thesis (LLM (Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa)) -- University of Pretoria, 2011.<br>http://www.chr.up.ac.za/<br>nf2012<br>Centre for Human Rights<br>LLM
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Heitert, Kristen Barbara. "Social Science, Serving Bowls and the Question of Ethnicity: Deconstructing Material Culture Correlates of Ethnic Identification." W&M ScholarWorks, 1998. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626159.
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Yesiltas, Ozum. "Rethinking the National Question: Anti-Statist Discourses within the Kurdish National Movement." FIU Digital Commons, 2014. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1325.
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Why and under what conditions have the Kurds become agents of change in the Middle East in terms of democratization? Why did the Kurds’ role as democratic agents become particularly visible in the 1990s? How does the Kurdish movement’s turn to democratic discourse affect the political systems of Turkey, Iran, Iraq and Syria? What are the implications of the Kurds’ adoption of “democratic discourse” for the transnational aspect of the Kurdish movement?
Since the early 1990s, Kurdish national movements in Turkey, Iran, Iraq and Syria have undergone important political and ideological transformations. As a result of the Kurds’ growing role in shaping the debates on human rights and democratization in these four countries, the Kurdish national movement has acquired a dual character: an ethno-cultural struggle for the recognition of Kurdish identity, and a democratization movement that seeks to redefine the concepts of governance and citizenship in Turkey, Iran, Iraq and Syria. The process transformation has affected relations between the Kurdish movements and their respective central governments in significant ways.
On the basis of face-to-face interviews and archival research conducted in Turkey, Iraq and parts of Europe, the present work challenges the current narrative of Kurdish nationalism, which is predominantly drawn from a statist interpretation of Kurdish nationalist goals, and argues instead that the Kurdish question is no longer a problem of statelessness but a problem of democracy in Turkey, Iran, Iraq and Syria.
The main contributions of this work are three fold. First, the research unfolds the reasons behind the growing emphasis of the Kurdish movement on the concepts of democracy, human rights, and political participation, which started in the early 1990s. Second, the findings challenge the existing scholarship that explains Kurdish nationalism as a problem of statelessness and shifts the focus to the transformative potentials of the Kurdish national movement in Turkey, Iran, Iraq and Syria through a comparative lens. Third, this work explores the complex transnational coordination and negotiations between the Kurdish movements across borders and explains the regional repercussions of this process.
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Premo, Tracy Anne. "The effects of age, race, and question format on racial identification, attitudes, and preference." Scholarly Commons, 1997. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/2663.
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The current study assessed racial identification, preference, and awareness using two methods: forced choice, and multiple choice. The participants consisted of 138, 4- and 12-year-old Black, White, and Biracial children. The Preschool Racial Attitude Measure II was used to assess the racial attitudes of children, and Racial Identification and Racial Preference questions were also used. The results show that Black and White children were all able to accurately self-identify. When using the forced choice format the majority of the Biracial children identified as Black, whereas when using the multiple choice format the majority of the Biracial children self identified as both Black and White. When using the multiple choice format to assess Racial Attitude the results revealed that across all racial groups there were more White preference choices by 4 year olds than by 12 year olds. For Racial Attitude, the results also revealed that Whites showed a higher mean White preference score than did Blacks, and Biracial children were intermediate between the other two groups. The results revealed that format did not significantly affect the Racial Preference response among the 4-year-old children, although the percentage of pro-White responses declined significantly when using the multiple choice format with the 12 year olds. For Racial Preference the results also indicate that regardless of format White children had significantly higher pro-White means than the Black children, and for the forced choice format only, Biracial children had a mean pro-White response intermediate between the other two groups. With the multiple choice format, the 4 year olds showed a higher pro-White mean than the 12 year olds. These results show that Biracial children tend to respond in a more race neutral manner when provided more choices than just Black and White. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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LAWSON, RACHEL RENEE. "A QUALITATIVE INVESTIGATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF ETHNICITY ON THE UNDERSTANDING OF THE SELF-RATED HEALTH QUESTION." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1190836954.
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Fiabani, Adelmir. "Os novos quilombos: luta pela terra e afirmação étnica no Brasil [1988-2008]." Universidade do Vale do Rio do Sinos, 2008. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/2177.
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Previous issue date: 22<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior<br>A tese analisa o movimento das comunidades negras rurais, também conhecido como movimento quilombola, desde seu início nos estados do Maranhão e do Pará até os dias atuais. Este movimento iniciou-se, no final da década de 1970, e ganhou impulso com o conhecimento do artigo 68 do Ato das Disposições Constitucionais Transitórias, contido na Constituição de 1988. As comunidades negras vislumbraram a possibilidade de solução para a questão fundiária através da aplicação do referido dispositivo constitucional. Para que todas as comunidades negras fossem atendidas pela Lei, houve necessidade de se ressignificar o termo ‘quilombo’. Detemo-nos neste processo, pois ele estimulou frutífera reflexão sobre a natureza das comunidades negras rurais e possibilitou a inclusão das mesmas aos dizeres do artigo 68. Para entendermos o processo de ressignificação, analisamos o conceito quilombo construído ao longo da história e suas modificações. Também, analisamos o contexto em que se deu a construção do artigo 68 do ADCT. Desta<br>The thesis analyses the rural black community movement. It is also known like fugitive black slave movement (quilombola movement), from its beginning in the states of Maranhão and Pará until nowadays. This movement has begun in the end of 70s and gained impulse after being known the article 68 of the Transitory Constitutional Disposition Act, inside of Constitution of 1988. The black community has glimpsed the possibility of solution to the agrarian question through application of such constitutional article of law. For all the communities could be answered by this law, there was necessity of giving a new meaning to the word hiding place (quilombo). We should reflect on this process, because he has stimulated a great reflection about the nature of the rural black communities and has made possibilities about the same words to the ones of the 68 (sixty-eight) article. To understand the new meaning process, we have analysed the concept hiding place (quilombo) which was built during the history and its changes. W
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Régnier, Alain. "Word use : literary art and political intent in Quebec and Canada : the question of race and ethnicity." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/8749.
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Abstract : The following dissertation provides a comparative analysis of four Québécois and Canadian literary authors—Fulvio Caccia, Ying Chen, Wayson Choy, and Lawrence Hill—and the manner in which they have responded through varied use of genre to present-day racial and ethnic discourse, as it occurs within both wider society and the Canadian and Québécois literary institutions more specifically. The dissertation begins with an introductory chapter that takes up the central concepts that inform the study, namely, those of ethnic literature, écriture migrante, race, ethnicity, hybridity, transculture, and comparative literature. The main body of the dissertation is divided into two parts, the first dealing with the francophone authors Caccia and Chen, the second with the anglophone authors Choy and Hill. In the first part, the writers are shown to employ defamiliarizing and ‘unreadable’ literary strategies drawn from the nouveau roman (or French new novel) and fantastic literary genres in an effort to resist common understandings of race and ethnicity, with the creation of a universal, deracialized literary space resulting to differing degrees in each case. In the second part, the study focuses on the use that Choy and Hill have made of more traditional and readable literary forms—realist and autobiographical in nature—in the attempt not so much to reject outright the discourse of race and ethnicity but to resignify the meaning of these latter terms in ways that allow for the production of a more open sense of identity. In this regard, by informing and historicizing certain cultural realities (here, Chinese Canadian and African Canadian respectively), Choy and Hill seek to challenge the reductive views that have in the past affected these often marginalized segments of Canadian society. Ultimately, the dissertation attempts to explore how the four authors in question participate in a shared project of sorts through their contestation of dominant racial and ethnic discourse, despite the different stylistic approaches they may take. A secondary aspect of the project addresses, through recourse to reader-response theory, some of the difficulties that may arise when a mainstream readership approaches works of ethnic literature.<br>Résumé : La thèse qui suit présente une analyse comparée de quatre auteurs québécois et canadiens—Fulvio Caccia, Ying Chen, Wayson Choy et Lawrence Hill—et la façon dont ils sont intervenus face au discours de la race et de l’ethnicité tel qu’il existe à ce moment dans la société et dans les institutions littéraires du Canada et du Québec—et cela à partir d’un emploi de divers genres littéraires. L’introduction de l’étude passe en revue les concepts centraux qui sous-tendent la thèse, à savoir ceux de la ‘littérature ethnique’ (ethnic literature), l’écriture migrante, la race, l’ethnicité, l’hybridité culturelle, la transculture et la littérature comparée. Le texte principal de la thèse comprend deux parties, la première portant sur les écrivains francophones Caccia et Chen, la deuxième sur les écrivains anglophones Choy et Hill. La première partie cherche à rendre compte de comment Caccia et Chen ont recours dans leurs écrits à des procédés littéraires défamiliarisants et ‘illisibles’ tirés du nouveau roman et de la littérature fantastique dans le but de subvertir les lieux communs sur la race et l’ethnicité, avec comme résultat la production d’un espace littéraire qui est à différents degrés universel et déracialisé. La deuxième partie traite de l’emploi que font Choy et Hill de styles littéraires plus traditionnels et lisibles—de nature réaliste et autobiographique—avec l’objectif non pas de rejeter tout court le discours de la race et de l’ethnicité, mais de réinscrire ces dernières notions de telle façon à rendre possible une vue de l’identité plus ouverte. À cet égard, en remettant dans leur contexte social et historique certaines réalités culturelles (ici, sino-canadienne et afro-canadienne respectivement), Choy et Hill arrivent à contester les idées réductives qui dans le passé ont été faites de ces secteurs souvent marginalisés de la société canadienne. En fin de compte, la thèse tente de mettre en lumière la manière dont les quatre auteurs en question participent en quelque sorte à un projet partagé en conséquence de leur opposition au discours dominant de la race et de l’ethnicité, bien que leurs approches stylistiques soient sensiblement différentes. En s’appuyant sur les théories de la lecture, un aspect secondaire de l’étude aborde quelques-uns des problèmes qui peuvent se produire lorsqu’un lectorat de la société majoritaire cherche à lire un texte migrant.
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Bidlová, Veronika. "Národnostní otázka a federalismus: komparace rozpadů Československa a Jugoslávie." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-196527.
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The thesis outlines a comparative case study that focuses on the separation of the Communist Federation - Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia. The main aim of the work is to analyze the relationship between the functionality of the Communist Federation and the limited solution of the ethnic issues inside the investigated states as one of the causes of their splits in the early 1990s. Further objectives of the work include an investigation into the similarities and differences in the development of the ethnic relations of the states and also an analysis in the way they separated. The author focuses on the question regarding whether or not the splits were inevitable or whether there were possibilities for the maintenance of the common states.
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PERRY, JAY MARTIN. "The Chinese Question: California, British Columbia, and the Making of Transnational Immigration Policy, 1847-1885." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1394761542.
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Haraldsson, Anna-Lotta, and Hirsch Sara Lothigius. "To Be or Not To Be the Right Hiring Material – That is the Question : - A Discourse Analysis Regarding Recruitment and Ethnic Diversity with a Special Emphasis on the Romany Student Aid." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-19070.
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<p>This study aims to investigate how principals in Stockholm as recruiters talk about the recruitment process and ethnicdiversity and how these statements could affect the possibilities of a Romany acquiring a Student Aid position within theschool in question. The statements will be interpreted through a discursive perspective inspired by Foucault and Laclau &Mouffe with a special focus on the power aspect and its consequences in terms of inclusion and exclusion. The resultpresents that defining the right and wrong person for the job is the central theme (nodal point) in the discourse were theRomanies are seen as just almost right as their competence mainly works as a complement to the existing work-force.</p>
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Francisco, Eliana Aparecida. "Política de equidade de gênero e de raça/etnia na empresa Fersol Mairinque/SP: uma experiência em construção 1996/2010." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2011. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/17542.
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Previous issue date: 2011-10-31<br>This dissertation aims the study of the trajectory of the construction of Fersol s
Gender Equality Policy and Race/Ethnicity in the area of Corporate Social
Responsibility between 1996-2010, as well as the changes occurred during
this period. The guiding question of the research was: What are the
meanings, from the perspective of the subjects speeches, of the experience of
a Gender Equality Policy and Race/Ethnicity developed by the Company in
the area of Corporate Social Responsibility? The hypothesis is that the
experience turned out to be a viable alternative to a proposal for Corporate
Citizenship and inclusion in the labor market, with advances of limits and
possibilities, the prospect of a continuous realization process. The terms of
reference were: the issue of gender, ethnicity/race and corporate social
responsibility, based on contemporary writers in the areas of Social Sciences
and Social Work. The methodology adopted was qualitative research, a case
study including literature, documentary and field researches. 08 semistructured
interviews were conducted with the following subjects: Fersol s
President and employees. The survey results pointed to confirm the primary
hypothesis, the meanings analysis revealed the materiality of a Corporate
Social Responsibility action, peculiar to the institutional history and the social
and political position of Fersol s President with boundaries, advances and
contradictions<br>A presente dissertação tem por objeto de estudo a trajetória da construção da
Política de Equidade de Gênero e de Raça/Etnia na Empresa Fersol, na área da
Responsabilidade Social Empresarial, no período de 1996-2010, bem como das
mudanças ocorridas nesse período. A pergunta norteadora da pesquisa foi: Quais os
significados, a partir das falas dos sujeitos da pesquisa, da experiência de uma
Política de Equidade de Gênero e de Raça/Etnia desenvolvida pela Empresa Fersol,
na área da Responsabilidade Social Empresarial? A hipótese formulada é que a
experiência da Política de Gênero e de Raça/Etnia desenvolvida pela Fersol, na área
da Responsabilidade Social Empresarial, expressa ser uma alternativa viável de uma
proposta de Empresa Cidadã e de inclusão no mercado de trabalho, com limites e
possibilidades de avanços, na perspectiva de um processo contínuo de efetivação.
Os conceitos de referência foram: questão de gênero, questão étnico/racial e
responsabilidade social empresarial, com base em autores contemporâneos das
áreas de Ciências Sociais e de Serviço Social. A metodologia de pesquisa adotada
foi a qualitativa, um estudo de caso compreendendo a pesquisa bibliográfica,
documental e de campo. Foram realizadas 08 entrevistas semi-estruturadas com os
sujeitos da pesquisa a saber: o Presidente e os/as funcionários(as). Os resultados
da pesquisa apontaram a confirmação da hipótese levantada, na medida em que a
análise dos significados desvelou a materialidade de uma ação de Responsabilidade
Social Empresarial, muito peculiar à história institucional e à postura política e social
do Presidente da Fersol, com limites, possibilidades, avanços e contradições
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Kaneza, Habiyambere Yves Valentin. "Efficacité interne de l'enseignement primaire aux pays de la Communauté Economique des Pays des Grands Lacs (CEPGL) : question approfondie sur le Rwanda." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00620789.
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Cette étude doctorale a été réalisée avec objectif de déterminer le niveau d'efficacité interne de l'enseignement primaire aux pays de la CEPGL et le progrès atteint vers l'éducation pour tous après la période des conflits ethniques et armés. En plus, spécifiquement pour le Rwanda, d'identifier les facteurs individuels, familiaux et scolaires explicatifs du phénomène redoublement et abandon à l'école primaire. Les données de notre analyse proviennent des différents rapports des ministères, des organisations internationales et des travaux des chercheurs. L'analyse de l'enseignement primaire des pays de la CEPGL, à partir des indicateurs d'offre et de la demande, montre que des progrès ont été réalisés après la période des conflits, mais des contraintes majeures persistent : gestion de l'information, insuffisance d'infrastructures et d'équipements d'appui à l'apprentissage, traitement des enseignants, inégalité entre milieux urbain et rural. L'analyse de l'efficacité interne a démontré que le taux de déperdition est très élevé, rendant le système moins efficace ; peu d'élèves terminent le cycle de l'enseignement primaire et les écoles privées sont plus performantes que les écoles publiques. Pour répondre à la question " quels sont les facteurs individuels, familiaux et scolaires qui expliquent le redoublement et d'abandon ", nous avons mené une enquête dans 89 écoles primaires au Rwanda, sur 831 élèves, 890 enseignants, 89 directeurs d'écoles, 354 parents d'élèves et 32 personnes en charge de l'éducation au niveau des districts et au niveau central du ministère de l'Education. Les données collectées pendant l'année scolaire 2008 ont été saisies et analysées à partir du logiciel SPSS et STATA. Les statistiques descriptives et de régression logistique binaire ont permis d'obtenir les résultats qui démontrent les facteurs explicatifs et non explicatifs de redoublement et d'abandon scolaire. Parmi les facteurs explicatifs de redoublement scolaire à l'école primaire au Rwanda, il y a le statut de l'école, le milieu de vie, des variables individuelles qui caractérisent l'élève (sexe, âge), des variables qui caractérisent la famille (niveau d'études de la mère, nombre d'enfants en famille, distance domicile-école) ainsi que d'autres variables comme la taille des classes, âge et ancienneté professionnelle de l'enseignant et connaissance d'ordinateur. Parmi les facteurs qui expliquent l'abandon scolaire à l'école primaire au Rwanda il y a principalement la survie des parents, leur profession, la taille des classes et le fait d'avoir redoublé.
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Fisher, Andrew David. "Naturalism, normativity, and the 'open question' argument." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13218.
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The 'open question' argument, as it has come to be known, was popularized by G. E. Moore. However, it is universally recognized that his presentation of it is unconvincing, as it is based on dubious metaphysics, semantics and epistemology. Yet, philosophers have not confined the argument to the history books, and it continues to influence and shape modern meta-ethics. This thesis asks why this is the case, and whether such an influence is justified. It focuses on three main positions, analytic naturalism, non-analytic naturalism and supernaturalism. It concludes that the 'open question' argument challenges all three.
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Richards, Samuel. "Can Adam Smith Answer the Normative Question?" Digital Archive @ GSU, 2013. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/philosophy_theses/131.
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In The Sources of Normativity, Christine Korsgaard argues that in order to avoid the threat of moral skepticism, our moral theories must show how the claims they make about the nature of our actions obligate us to act morally. A theory that can justify the normativity of morality in this way answers what Korsgaard calls “the normative question.” Although Korsgaard claims that only Kantian theories of morality, such as her own, can answer the normative question, I argue that Adam Smith’s sentimentalist moral theory, as presented in The Theory of Moral Sentiments, can answer the normative question as well. As a result, it is possible to respond to the moral skeptic in the way Korsgaard outlines without accepting some of the theoretical drawbacks of Korsgaard’s own moral theory.
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Kazarinov-Hawk, Kit. "Constructivism and the question of objectivity : Fichte's ethics as critique of Kant's." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2013. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/constructivism-and-the-question-of-objectivity(6ece2c4d-d1a3-4374-b3af-3ea4acc8ef3f).html.
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Central to Kant’s moral philosophy are the notions of autonomy and spontaneity, and their relation to reason and the understanding. Recent ‘constructivist’ readings of Kant’s ethics thus emphasise the role of the subject’s reflection in moral actions - reason is the only guarantor of the moral, and the right action must be worked out by the subject and consciously assented to. In contrast, for Fichte the moral is simply self-evident and immediately known to the subject. If Kant views the moral as requiring reflection and Fichte views the moral as immediate certainty, then it seems at first glance that the two are at loggerheads. Yet Fichte regarded himself as completing Kant’s Critical project by simply following through Kant’s thought to its fullest conclusions. Rather than dismissing Fichte’s claim to complete Kant’s philosophy, I suggest that paying close attention to Kant’s ethics reveals him to be closer to Fichte than is often recognized.
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Obin, Jean-Luc. "Questions philosophiques sur le leadership." Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC0005.
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Pour la présente thèse, le leadership est la combinaison de pouvoir et d’autorité, l’un pouvant aller sans l’autre, mais la présence des deux étant nécessaire pour parler de leadership.Le pouvoir est au centre de la personne humaine depuis toujours et nous sommes tous hypersensibles au leadership.Au sein de la vaste mutation anthropologique que nous vivons, le leadership est le chainon central entre l’individualisation des personnes et celle des organisations. Les exigences de la personne (dans son individualisation) et de l’entreprise (dans son développement) ne convergent pas : exigence de respect et d’humanisation d’une part, exigence d’efficacité de l’autre. Seul le leadership peut faire converger ces deux tendances.Les théories sur l’entreprise d’une part, sur le leadership de l’autre, sont le plus souvent influencées par des doctrines non scientifiques. Les concepts pour étudier le leadership sont pétris d’une vision libératrice de la personne, qui reflète peut-être davantage les choix de la communauté académique (droite et gauche confondues) que les réalités et ses challenges, si difficiles à relever.Le leadership est en besoin d’approfondissements culturels, notamment philosophiques. Ainsi, la notion de pouvoir privé n’a guère retenu l’attention, à la différence des pouvoirs publics.La complexité - et l’importance pour l’humanité - des questions traitées par les dirigeants et les autres acteurs des organisations appellent un travail pour développer une culture du leadership, tant au niveau de la personne que pour en faire une culture partagée au niveau de l’organisation, afin que le leadership devienne encore davantage le cœur de la culture d’entreprise<br>In this thesis, leadership means the addition of power with authority. One of them may come without the other, but both are necessary to be a real leadership.Power has ever been in the heart of human beings, and all of us are oversensitive to leadership.In the current huge anthropological transformations, leadership is the central link between the individualization of the persons and the individualization of the companies. The requirements of the person (for her individualization) and of the company (for its development) don’t converge. On one side, a need for respect and humanization ; on the other, a need for more efficiency. A convergence of these tendencies can result only from a good leadership.Theories on companies, on one hand, on leadership, on the other, are most often influenced by non scientific ideas or ideologies. Concepts for the study of leadership are structured by a profound wish to free and to develop people, which exists probably more in the Academic community’s major philosophies that in realities and day-to-day life, with all their so difficult challenges.Leadership needs cultural deepenings, in particular from a philosophical point of view. For instance, the notion of private power has not been really studied, unlike the notion of public powers.The complexity - and the importance for all of us - of the leaders and other participants’ agendas need working to develop a personal leadership culture as well as a shared leadership culture in each organization, so that leadership could become the heart of the corporate culture
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Shapcott, Richard Thomas Lloyd. "Cosmopolitan conversations : philosophical hermeneutics and the question of community in international relations." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.389037.
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Goldstein, Pierre. "La question de la moralité dans l'éthique néo-aristotélicienne depuis G.E.M. Anscombe." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AZUR2038/document.
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L’éthique néo-aristotélicienne développée à la suite du programme proposé par G.E.M. Anscombe en 1958 exclut-elle la notion de moralité ? Anscombe contestait la pertinence de la notion de « devoir moral ». Cela implique-t-il que l’on doive, pour la suivre, renoncer à toute distinction entre le « moral » et le « non moral » ? La défense d’un absolutisme moral motivait les analyses d’Anscombe concernant « l’intention ». Les critiques du légalisme, du conséquentialisme ou du subjectivisme qui sont menées dans le sillage de « La philosophie morale moderne » par les principaux représentants de l’éthique néo-aristotélicienne – Philippa Foot, Alasdair MacIntyre, Rosalind Hursthouse ou Martha C. Nussbaum – répondent au même type de préoccupation. Les néo-aristotéliciens cherchent à opposer aux conceptions modernes de la rationalité morale l’idée d’une rationalité pratique homogène. Mais c’est pour montrer qu’elle est intrinsèquement liée à la vertu. Dans le même esprit, ils opposent à l’anti-naturalisme de la morale britannique du XXème siècle un naturalisme non réductionniste. Sous ces différents aspects, leur réflexion bénéficie des liens qu’elle renoue avec l’inspiration originelle de la méthode de la « psychologie » anscombienne. C’est ce qui permet à certains d’entre eux de poser les jalons d’une éthique fondée sur les notions de vertu et de bonheur, que celle-ci revendique ou non son appartenance à « l’éthique de la vertu ». A travers sa définition de « l’action humaine », cette éthique qui possède certains traits caractéristiques de l’éthique des Anciens, implique bien néanmoins une définition exigeante et originale de la moralité<br>Does neo-Aristotelian ethics, which was developed according to the programme by G.E.M. Anscombe in 1958, exclude the notion of morality? Anscombe challenged the relevance of the concept of ‘moral duty’. Does this imply that, to follow her programme, one must give up any distinction between ‘moral’ and ‘non-moral’? The defence of moral absolutism motivated Anscombe's ‘intention’ analyses. Critics of legalism, consequentialism or the subjectivism that was conducted in the wake of ‘Modern Moral Philosophy’ by the main representatives of neo-Aristotelian ethics—Philippa Foot, Alasdair MacIntyre, Rosalind Hursthouse and Martha C. Nussbaum—have responded to the same type of concern. The neo-Aristotelians, despite their disagreement on many points, seek to set the idea of a homogeneous practical rationality against modern conceptions of moral rationality; however, it is to show that rationality is intrinsically linked to virtue. In the same spirit, they set a non-reductionist naturalism against the anti-naturalist British ethics of the 20th century. Under these different aspects, their reflection benefits from a return to the original inspiration of Anscombe’s ‘psychology’ method. This return is also what allows some of them to lay the foundations for an ethical theory based on notions of virtue and happiness regardless of whether it claims to belong to ‘virtue ethics’ or not. Through its definition of ‘human action’, this ethical theory—which proposes to reconnect with certain characteristics of ancient ethics—implies, however, a demanding and original definition of morality
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Härsing, Linn. "Techers, Ethics and Globalizaion : an international comparative field study of the perspective of six teachers regarding ethics questions." Thesis, Växjö University, School of Education, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-2077.
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<p>The purpose of this thesis was to study the view of six teachers, working in three different field areas, on ethics questions and ethics teaching in schools, from a global perspective. My second aim was to analyze whether there was any cooperation between these different field areas or between them and others, in order to improve the ethics teaching in schools. My research questions were intended for one teacher in a Swedish school, three teachers in a Brazilian school, one Swedish missionary and one Swedish senior lecturer in ethics. The research questions basically centre on how these teachers would define concepts such as ethics and global ethics, what kind of ethics questions they feel are important for the school to convey and if there is any form of cooperation between teachers in Swedish/Brazilian schools and different organizations, designed to improve the ethics teaching in schools from a global perspective.</p><p>On the basis of the results of my questionnaires I find the definition of ethics more or less equal among the six teachers. They relate ethics to moral philosophy and other questions such as what is right, wrong, good and evil. The teachers also believe ethics contains a reflection on global matters, like the environment, poverty and peace. Five out of six teachers define global ethics with conceptions like global responsibility, respect for future generations, global consensus, comprehension and tolerance. One of the teachers does not believe in global ethics but in groups that could establish some common values to be achieved.</p><p>All six teachers feel it is important to bring questions related to Human Rights to the fore in schools. These ethics questions would touch on increased egoism, responsibility, respect for the environment, respect for differences, solidarity, tolerance, attitudes and sexual morals. According to the teachers these matters should be practiced and studied from a micro, macro and gender perspective.</p><p>My results show that cooperation does exist between the Swedish/Brazilian schools and different organizations and institutions. There is cooperation between The Church of Sweden Mission and Brazilian organizations, but there are no exchanges between Swedish schools and schools outside Europe. One way to improve ethics teaching and facilitate exchanges between schools from a global perspective could be to globalize the curriculum. With a globalized curriculum teachers could give the students the global context they need in global society.</p>
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Narine, Marcia. "Ten ethics-based questions for U.S. companies seeking to do business in Cuba." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-176519.
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Marcia Narine is an Assistant Professor of Law at St. Thomas University in Miami, Florida. She also consults on compliance and governance matters for MDO Partners in Miami, and on compliance program design, employment law, supply chain issues, and data protection for LRN. She has previously taught at University of Missouri-Kansas City, and prior to joining academia, she served as the Deputy General Counsel, Vice President Global Compliance and Business Standards, and Chief Privacy Officer of Ryder, a global Fortune 500 transportation and logistics company. She spent ten days in Cuba meeting with lawyers, business people, and others in June 2015 and has consulted with companies that wish to do business in Cuba.
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Donnet, Benoît. "Heidegger et la question du mal." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018CLFAL003.
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« C’est seulement lorsque nous nous ouvrons à ce qui est plein de secret et plein de grâce comme à cela qui nous donne proprement à penser, qu’il nous est aussi donné de penser ce que nous tenons pour la malignité du mal », notait Heidegger au moment de méditer la vérité de l’être dans l’exploration de la dimension inouïe au sein de laquelle elle se déploie, à l'heure de mettre fin à la philosophie pour commencer seulement à penser.Comment comprendre que l’expérience du mal ait pu accompagner le chemin de la pensée ? N’est-ce pas cette singulière concomittance qui en éclaire, à l’époque du nihilisme, l’implacable urgence, ainsi que l’indifférence apparente aux questions éthiques ? Car si le mal est accessible à la pensée par delà la différence ontologique, c'est qu'il n’est pas qu’une valeur et excède la législature de la morale. Que signifie-t-il alors et que peut vouloir dire en lever le règne ?Répondre à cette question n'ira pas sans impliquer un retour sur la signification philosophique et théologique du mal, au moment d'en attester, à l'instant de penser, l'incomplétude. Le champ dans lequel Heidegger a pu de manière ou d'autre faire sienne cette tâche n’implique-t-il pas alors de soustraire au silence sa singulière relation au christianisme, dont la morale à laquelle il s'agit de retrancher la vérité du mal porte aussi la trace ?Et si la pensée de l’Ereignis s’accomplit comme surmontement de tout mal, si c’est la paix des choses et des mortels qu’il s’agit d’y construire, la résonance du silence qui structure la langue pour en faire le plus haut de ses modes et dont nous recevons en y répondant ce que nous avons de plus propre, le dire, de quelle paix la pensée en chemin peut-elle porter l'annonce ? Quel sens revêt à cet égard la responsabilité dont l’essence de la langue nous rend face à l’être, titulaires ?<br>As he takes to addressing the question of being, Heidegger writes: « Only when we open ourselves to what is full of secrets and full of grace as we do to something that makes us think, are we also enabled to think what we consider as the malignancy of evil. »How is one to understand that the experience of evil goes along with the path of thinking ? Is it not this concurrence alone that can explain why evil seemingly ignores ethical questions ? For one can think of evil beyond mere metaphysics as it is not only a value and overrides the laws of morality. What is, then, the meaning of evil, and what could it possibly mean to undo its domination ? Answering this question necessarily implies to reassess the philosophical, and biblical, meaning of evil, with its incompleteness being asserted as the thinking process begins. Aiming at uprooting the truth of evil out of the Christian morality, marked as it is by silence, one wonders whether the field in which Heidegger sets out to make this task his own in one way or another, indeed involves to remove silence off its special relationship to Christianity ?
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Dho, Seung-Youn. "The implication of turning to the question of aesthetics of existence in later Foucault's work." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2006.
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Benjelloun, Mohamed Amine. ""Don et anonymat : la question des identités"." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM5032/document.
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A travers notre pratique de pédopsychiatre confronté au vécu de familles interpellées par la question du don de gamètes ou d'organes, il nous a semblé que nombre d'apories traversant les phénomènes de la donation et de l'anonymat n'étaient pas pris en compte par la médecine.Si le don et l'anonymat traversent toute la médecine au point que celle-ci les a hissé au rang de principes, ils ne font pas l'objet d'un enseignement ou d'une réflexion approfondie. La philosophie et la littérature apportent aussi certaines réponses possibles . Le don est un présent sans la présence, portant en lui une part d'abandon, sans raison, à quelqu'un qui ne demande rien, puisque justement il ne saurait pas qu'on lui a donné. L'anonymat permet de s'effacer, pour pouvoir rencontrer l'Autre, au plus prés. Ceci commence dès l'origine, pour permettre au sujet d'approcher dans l'errance et le doute une rencontre avec l'inconnu et le dehors, loin d'une altérité qui ne serait que radicale. Enfin, la question du don d'organes, du don de gamètes, de l'anonymat obligent à repenser simultanément la question de la relation et celle de l'identité. Le donneur et le receveur se rencontrent, l'un est obligatoirement plongé dans le temps de l'autre : comment construire une sphère propre et une sphère de l'autre, une intersubjectivité qui rendrait possible la communication entre matériaux d'origine différente ? Comment reconnaître ego et alter, comme des ipséités ? Les concepts d'identité narrative, d'histoires empêtrées, permettent de dépasser la question de l'anonymat. L'anonymat protégerait alors l'identité. Et mieux, permet alors à la reconnaissance, toute éthique, d'advenir<br>Through our practice of child psychiatry and confronted with the lived of families concerned with the question of gametes or organs donation, it seems that numerous aporia related to donation and anonymity experiences have not been considered by medicine. If donation and anonymity have been central to medicine to the point that they have become principles, they have never been subjects of education or profound reflection. Philosophy and literature also bring some possible answers. Donation is a present without the presence, carrying with itself some abandonment, without reason, to someone who doesn't ask for anything, precisely because he would not know that he was given something. Anonymity gives an opportunity to fade away, just to be able to meet the other, closer. This obliteration starts from the very beginning. It aims at any founding trace, in order, paradoxically to allow the subject to approach in wandering and doubt a possible encounter with the unknown and the outside, far from an otherness that be only would be radical.Finally, the issue of organ donation, of gamete donation, of anonymity, forces us to rethink simultaneously the question of relationship and identity. The donor and recipient, meet and are necessarily immersed in the other's time: how to build a sphere for oneself and a sphere for the other, an intersubjectivity which would enable the communication between materials of different origin? How to recognize ego and alter, as ipseities? Concepts of narrative identity, entangled stories allow to pass over the question of anonymity. Anonymity would then protect identity. And better still, would allow for an ethical recognition to happen
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Leach, Adam. "Nietzsche and moral inquiry : posing the question of the value of our moral values." Thesis, University of Essex, 2018. http://repository.essex.ac.uk/21801/.
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The continued presence and importance of Christian moral values in our daily lives, coupled with the fact that faith in Christianity is in continual decline, raises the question as to why having lost faith in Christianity, we have also not lost faith in our Christian moral values. This question is also indicative of a more pressing phenomenon: not only have we maintained our faith in Christian values, we fail to see that the widespread collapse of Christianity should affect this faith. To tackle this latter phenomenon, I claim, we have to pose the Nietzschean question of the value of our moral values, so as to see that this value can be a possible object of questioning. In chapter one, I consider different approaches found in the history of moral philosophy that look like potential candidates for this task. I argue that, ultimately, the task requires simultaneously taking our familiarity with Christian moral values as both sui generis and a questionable phenomenon. In chapter two, I articulate in detail the sui generis nature of this familiarity with moral values,in terms of the phenomena of habituation and sedimentation. In chapter three, I consider the possibility of estrangement that is built into our familiarity with moral values, by focusing on the role of cognition. I demonstrate how cognition, in the form of self-consciousness, can disrupt the sedimented, habituated nature of our moral values through a form of ironic disruption. In chapter four, I develop this account by considering the possibility of an appeal to an alternative moral outlook. To do so, I draw upon the structural isomorphism that is present between the process of estrangement and a rite of passage.
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Plaisance, Patrick Lee. "Questions of judgment in the newsroom: A journalistic instrumental-value theory for media ethics." Related electronic resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.
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Yigit, Pervin. "The Question Of Freedom In Political Philosophies Of Thomas Hobbes And Jean-jacques Rousseau." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12609013/index.pdf.
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This thesis aims to examine the question of freedom in its relation to political authority in social contract theories of Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) and Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778). In order to do that, discussions on human nature, evolution into political association and the foundations of legitimate governments are focused on. As the social contract theories of Hobbes and Rousseau mainly seek for rational justification of political obligation, the primary aim of this thesis is to analyze the nature of political obligation in order to discuss the relation between subject and sovereign in the framework of freedom.
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Ost, Suzanne. "An analysis of the euthanasia phenomenon : questions of law, morality and medical ethics within contemporary society." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.274276.
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Giaccherino, Irene Rossetto. "Raça e nação em questão na França contemporânea." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8132/tde-25112016-135936/.
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A presente tese analisa a formação de uma questão racial na França contemporânea. A hipótese do trabalho é que o tema tornou-se um problema social, adotando a definição de Lenoir, após os protestos urbanos violentos de jovens em 2005. A partir do estudo da cobertura da imprensa norte-americana e britânica, observou-se que a visibilidade internacional das revoltas, assim como uma leitura dos analistas estrangeiros dos eventos em uma chave racial, impulsionou a emergência da questão no debate público francês. Por outro lado, no trabalho foram também analisados outros fatores internos e externos que levaram à criação na academia francesa de um campo de estudos das relações raciais e à formação de ações coletivas fundamentadas em uma valorização positiva das identidades raciais. Finalmente, a análise do debate midiático, acadêmico, das mobilizações sociais e da controvérsia sobre as estatísticas étnicas confirmou o reconhecimento da existência de uma questão racial na França, porém, deixando margens de dúvidas acerca de sua consolidação.<br>This dissertation analyzes the configuration of a racial question in contemporary France, intended as a social problem in accordance with Lenoirs definition. The research stresses the role of violent urban protests in 2005 as a turning point. The investigation of American and British press coverage of the events reveals that the international visibility of the riots and the explanation of those events in terms of race protests spurred the emergence of a racial question in the French public debate. The research also shows the influence of other internal and external factors that led to two developments. First, the creation of an academic area on race relations studies in France. Second, the formation of collective actions and social movements based on racial identities. Finally, the discussion on French ethnic statistics suggests the recognition of a racial question in France, even if its consolidation is still not confirmed.
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Cambon, Laurent. "L'éducateur spécialisé à travers ses discours : une question d'identité." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011684.
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Le métier d'éducateur spécialisé est traversé de façon quasi permanente par la question de son identité professionnelle. Voici un métier qui s'interroge non tant sur sa légitimité à exercer que sur l'ensemble des compétences et savoir-faire qui l'organisent. Cette recherche n'a pas pour ambition de figer ou de décrire ce qui fonde ou ce qui devrait fonder dans l'idéal l'identité des éducateurs spécialisés. Elle n'a pour ambition que de faire l'analyse de discours émanant de travailleurs sociaux qui ont trait à leur propre identité professionnelle. La méthode d'analyse s'inscrit dans une perspective ethno-sociolinguistique, c'est-à-dire une méthode qui va chercher les discours là où ils s'exécutent, et qui assume que les matériaux langagiers recueillis ne constituent pas une vérité générale applicable à tous les éducateurs spécialisés, mais ne sont en réalité que la manifestation de discours professionnels relatifs, dans un espace précis et à un moment déterminé.
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Cambanda, Francisco Domingos. "A questão étnica como fator de estabilidade do processo político e do desenvolvimento socioeconómico em Angola." Doctoral thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/10592.
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Doutoramento em Sociologia Económica e das Organizações<br>O objetivo desta investigação consistiu em realizar um estudo sobre as reais políticas e ações concretas, bem como as práticas de integração étnica em Angola, com o propósito estratégico da concretização do sonho da construção duma Nação que, em meu entender, deve ser constituída por um único povo e um único país, formado a partir da unidade étnica, cultural e territorial, o que requer de todos angolanos, com destaque para os governantes, uma visão estratégica e um espírito unificador, ao contrário daquilo a que se tem assistido nos últimos tempos e de forma generalizada pelo território nacional, sobretudo depois do fim da guerra civil, terminada em 2002: ações e atitudes de negação, veladas nalguns casos, e noutros casos bem mais visíveis, de povos oriundos de províncias alheias às visadas; mais concretamente, populações que, no caso da província da Huíla, não pertençam ao núcleo étnico Nhaneka-humbe.
É preocupante o facto de que, com o fim da guerra civil em Angola, se começou a notar aqui e acolá uma clara exacerbação no seio da sociedade angolana, ocorrendo fenómenos de exclusão etno-tribais, entendidos para efeitos deste trabalho como correspondendo a aproveitamentos por parte de alguns agentes políticos com base étnica, visando alcançarem objetivos diversos: políticos, administrativos, governamentais ou de notoriedade social. Em suma, usando as mesmos métodos a que outrora recorria a autoridade colonial, para alcançarem diversos objetivos estratégicos na sociedade angolana alguns políticos utilizam os procedimentos de “dividir para reinar”, opondo grupos étnicos, elevando ou exaltando uns e subalternizando outros, o que, como é óbvio, tem perturbado de diversas formas o longo caminho que nos conduzirá à plena construção da nação angolana, podendo também interromper o processo de crescimento económico e de normalização política iniciado com o fim da guerra civil em Angola, no ano de
2002.<br>The purpose of this research is to produce a study on actual policies and concrete actions regarding the ethnical integration in Angola, with the strategic goal of achieving the dream of building one nation, which in my opinion must be made of a single people and a single country, built with the union of the various ethnical, cultural and territorial bases, a task requiring from all Angolans, and mainly those in governance of the country, a strategic vision and a spirit of unification: alas the contrary of what is mostly occurring in our days, all over the national territory, and mostly after the civil war ended in 2002. This was identified in this research as corresponding to various actions and attitudes, sometimes denied but in other cases well visible, of rejection of people arriving from provinces other than the one concerned. Particularly in the case of the Huíla province, the targets of these practices are persons not belonging to the dominant ethnical group, the nhaneka- humbe.
We are facing the disturbing fact that, with the end of the civil war, there is a visible, clear exacerbation within the Angolan society of phenomena of ethno-tribal exclusion. This must be understood as usurpation by some ethnically based political agents, allowing them to achieve various political, administrative, governmental objectives, including the obtainment of positions of notoriety. This means that, by using the same methods once utilized by the colonial authorities, in order to achieve certain strategic objectives in Angolan society, some politicians appeal to classical procedures of “divide to reign”, enticing opposition among diverse ethnical groups, by elevating some and diminishing others, a fact that obviously is very much disturbing in the long way leading this people to the construction of one single Angolan nation, and may also interrupt the process of economic growth and the political stabilization, permited by the end of the civil war in 2002.
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Schimmoeller, Ethan. "Palliating Nihilism by Physician Aid-in-Dying: On Compassion, Autonomy, and the Question of Suicide." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1594485758002202.
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Mott, Elizabeth J. "In search of a question : interrogating the '/' [slash] within discourses of inclusion." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/6508.
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Summary This thesis uses poststructural theory to question how language shapes educational policy and practice. It starts from the premise that the tendency for categorising knowledge as binary opposites, whilst potentially useful, also encourages polarisation, is reductive, and produces closure. Thus, by interrogating the ‘/’ [slash], the boundary between the pairs, the intention is to produce a different, more equable, productive, and openly uncertain way of questioning unresolved educational dilemmas, hence the search for a question. Educational inclusion/exclusion foregrounds this research. It did not start out this way. As a scientist, a zoologist by training, and steeped in the rigidity of scientific method, the original study concerned proving a hypothesis, using questionnaires to collect the data and followed by some sort of statistical analysis. However, this approach did not acknowledge the complexity, nuances and shades of meaning within the language of inclusive education that I wished to explore. Poststructural theory offered a different strategy and interrupted my positivist thinking throughout. Thus, a Foucauldian approach has been used to interrogate the inclusion/exclusion binary in the literature. Searching for the historical a priori is followed by an interrogation of the different discourses and the power relations therein. An empirical analysis succeeds the textual analysis, for which data was collected in the form of interviews. Called participatory interactions, secondary teacher educator colleagues were asked to talk about inclusion, and activatory phrases were used to stimulate discussion. Poststructural interruptions about ethics suggested an innovative method of discourse analysis developed using Derrida’s metaphor of a postcard, in which he enacts the performative stance of deconstruction. Aspects of the data that troubled the inclusion/exclusion binary are presented as verse alongside a reflexive response that stimulates theoretical discussions called ‘new lines of flight’. On the reverse side of every postcard is a photograph, a graphic representation of some feature pertaining to the data selected, and the stamp is a picture of the philosopher whose work inspired the theorisation. Interrogating the ‘/’ [slash] reveals the complex interplay of each side of the binary and surfaces a system of ethics regarding legitimation. The final chapter, therefore, proposes a deliberate ethical interruption – an interruption of practice in order to interrupt practice. Professional practice should be deliberately interrupted by research in order to interrupt oppositional binary thinking. This research should have a deliberately ethical component foregrounding personal values and attitudes. As a consequence, inclusive education could be reconceptualised. The current discourse of a failing educational experiment might then be transformed into an ethical project worth going on with.
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Shen, Demei Marra Rose M. "A comparison of embedded links and question links in cognitive flexibility hypertext (CFH) learning environments for problem solving in engineering ethics." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri--Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/6689.
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Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on March 8, 2010). The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file. Dissertation advisor: Dr. Rose M. Marra. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Renblad, Karin. "Empowerment : a question about democracy and ethics in everyday life : ICT and empowering relationship as support for persons with intellectual disabilities." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Stockholm Institute of Education Press (HLS förl.), 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-139668.
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Roupakia, Lydia Efthymia. "Multicultural Questions, Family Matters : Gender, Generation and Ethics in some Contemporary Fiction by Women in Canada and England." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.508685.
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Latta, Megan T. "A Question of Values: Overpopulation and Our Choice Between Procreative Rights and Security-Survival." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2013. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/746.
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This thesis analyzes the beliefs of population theorist Julian L. Simon through the creation of a harm principle. It specifically analyzes his argument that we value our freedom to choose how many children we want above all other values in the context of overpopulation and environmental destruction. The developed harm principle is meant to give us a method to decide how to balance our personal freedom with our security-survival. I begin with an overview of Simon’s work, as well as an exposition of other prominent population theorists. I then propose a principle that is a utilitarian alternative to John Stuart Mill’s Harm Principle. I apply the principle to the situation wherein overpopulation causes such great environmental damage that we must choose between upholding procreative rights and our continued survival. I conclude that in most cases we will accept limitations on our procreative freedom in order to maintain our planet and ensure our security-survival.
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Barreiros, Pedro Miguel Cepeda Marques. "Associativismo e práticas culturais como veículo de integração dos imigrantes." Master's thesis, [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/1678.
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Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Serviço Social.<br>As questões da imigração são as questões de um mundo globalizado cujos recursos não se encontram repartidos igualmente. Esta realidade surge-nos hoje posta em evidência pela rapidez com que a informação circula. As tentativas de encarar o fenómeno como algo que se pode descartar trouxeram problemas às sociedades contemporâneas. Hoje, a imigração deve ser vista como módulo de problemas/oportunidades. A dimensão cultural constitui-se muitas vezes como cerne dos conflitos; nela residem também as possibilidades da sua superação. Tanto as associações de imigrantes como as associações musicais, entre outras do terceiro sector, podem desempenhar autêntico Serviço Social ao contribuírem para uma interculturalidade capaz de ultrapassar a retórica política e finalmente chegar à realidade social. Neste trabalho analisaremos a acção das associações de imigrantes e as associações musicais, tentando perceber se as suas práticas de inserção são ou não coerentes, sobretudo no uso de ferramentas como a internet. Os resultados a que se chegou apresentam-se mistos, ainda que não inconclusivos. A análise exploratória sugere no fim quase tantas respostas como caminhos por explorar.
The issues of immigration are the issues of a global world in which resources are not equally available. This reality becomes today more apparent, given the speed at which information spreads. Some countries tried to face immigration as a disposable resource, and even as a dispensable problem. Today, immigration has to be seen as a module composed of problems and opportunities. Culture is central to this issue, being the source of a number of social problems but also representing a possibility of finding their solution. Immigrant and musical associations, as well as others NGOs, are given the possibility of enacting as true social services by means of their contribution to an intercultural reality that breaks from political speech and reaches directly the society. This research is an attempt to understand the work of immigrant and music associations and whether their action aiming at integrating is actually coherent when using tools such as Internet. The results, though not inconclusive, are somewhat mixed. The exploratory analysis ends up with almost as many answers as paths for future research.
Les questions de l´immigration sont les questions d´un monde globalisé où les ressources ne sont pas réparties également. Cette réalité est chaque fois plus apparente, compte tenu de la vitesse à laquelle l’information circule. Les tentatives en vue de reléguer ce phénomène à la catégorie de question subsidiaire, voire carrément dispensable, se sont révélées génératrices de nouvelles difficultés. Aujourd´hui, l´immigration doit être envisagée comme un binôme problèmes/opportunités. La culture, qui semble être le fond qui alimente les conflits, est également la source des possibilités de solutions. À cet égard, les associations d´immigrants et les associations musicales peuvent jouer un authentique rôle de service social, en contribuant à une interculturalité qui dépasse la rhétorique politique pour toucher directement la réalité sociale. Dans ce travail, nous analyserons les actions des associations d´immigrants et les associations musicales afin de voir si leur pratiques d'insertion sont véritablement cohérentes, surtout lorsqu'elles utilisent des instruments comme internet. Les résultats, même s’ils ne sont pas définitifs, présente un aspect mitigé. L’analyse exploratoire se termine avec presque autant de réponses que de questions pour la recherche future.
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Lipp, Amélie. "Question socialement vive et développement du pouvoir d'action des enseignants et des élèves : la question du bien-être animal en élevage dans les lycées professionnels agricoles." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU20084/document.
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La prise en compte du bien-être des animaux dans les élevages suscite de vives controverses dans la société et dans les champs scientifique, technique et professionnel. Dans le milieu scolaire, le bien-être animal (BEA), en tant que question socialement vive (Legardez & Simonneaux, 2006), pose des difficultés pour son enseignement et son apprentissage dans les lycées professionnels agricoles préparant les futurs éleveurs. Cette thèse a pour objet de comprendre comment le pouvoir d’action (Clot, 1999) des enseignants et des élèves relatif à la prise en compte du BEA en situations d’enseignement-apprentissage se développe (ou ne se développe pas). Nous articulons les cadres théoriques et méthodologiques de la didactique des questions socialement vives, de la clinique de l’activité et du jugement éthique. Dans une double visée transformative et épistémique, quatre enseignants de zootechnie et leur classe de baccalauréat professionnel ont participé à un protocole d’intervention en lycées. A partir des traces des activités dialogiques recueillies, nous avons documenté les émotions, les jugements éthiques et les représentations-connaissances signifiés ainsi que leurs interactions et les conflits à l’œuvre dans le développement possible et impossible du pouvoir d’action des sujets relatif à la prise en compte du BEA en élevage. L’ensemble des résultats permet de mettre à jour des obstacles et des leviers au développement du pouvoir d’action des élèves et des enseignants. Nous formulons plusieurs propositions pour la formation des enseignants et des élèves afin de les accompagner à affronter certains obstacles et à davantage valoriser les leviers potentiels pour augmenter leur champ des possibles<br>The question of farm animal welfare has sparked strong debate in society and in scientific, technical and professional domains. In the field of education, teaching and learning about farm animal welfare (FAW) as a socially acute question (Legardez & Simonneaux, 2006), is particularly problematic in agricultural schools which train future breeders. The aim of this thesis is to understand how the power to act (Clot, 1999), in relation to the question of FAW, develops (or not) in both teachers and students during teaching-learning situations. We articulate the theoretical and methodological frameworks of the didactics of socially acute questions, the clinic of activity and ethical judgment. Four animal husbandry teachers participated in a protocol with their vocational baccalaureate students. Based on their dialogical activities, we recorded their emotions, ethical judgments and knowledge-representations systems along with their interactions and the conflicts at work to help or hinder the development of their power to act.Our results reveal the barriers and the facilitators to the development of the students’ and teachers’ power to act to improve FAW. We make several recommendations for the training of teachers and students which should help them to overcome certain hurdles and further exploit the potential levers allowing them to widen their range of possibilities
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Tiski, Sergio. "A questão da moral em Augusto Comte." [s.n.], 2005. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/280800.
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Orientador: Oswaldo Giacoia Junior<br>Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-04T03:48:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2005<br>Résumé: Ce travail discute la question de la morale chez Auguste Comte à partir de trois hypothèses: la première, celle de l¿existence de la morale en tant que la septième science, ultime et suprême. Dans ce sens, il participa également aux principes de la science morale outre que la science sociale. La deuxième hypothèse soutient la morale comme le noyau qui permet la continuité de la pensée et de l¿oeuvre d¿Auguste Comte; noyeau, parce que le fil conducteur complet, en tant que problème et sollution, est le domaine de la religion, de la morale et de l¿éducation. D¿après lui, la morale est le noyau de la religion et, dans sa partie pratique, c¿est-à-dire, en tant que morale pratique, c¿est l¿éducation. La troisième hypothèse mène à constater que, nonobstant la difficulté théorique, Auguste Comte supposa toujours l¿existence de la liberté humaine, condition indispensable à la morale. Malgré n¿utiliser le mot ¿éthique¿ que deux fois, et exclusivement comme acrostiches dans son dernier ouvragre, et malgré employer l¿expression ¿philosophie morale¿ se rapportant aux sixième et septième ordres de phénomènes de la réalité, les phénomènes sociaux et moraux, l¿éhtique ou la philosophie morale (ou théorie morale), au sens qu¿on les utilise, elle est présente du début à la fin de l¿oeuvre comtienne: c¿est ce qui apparaît dans les cinq mille quatre-vingt-dix références directes à la morale, dans les cinq mille quatre-vingt-dix usages du mot ¿moral¿ ou de ses dérivés tout au long de ses écrits. Enfin, ce travail est lié au besoin plus général et à chaque fois plus urgent de la discussion de la possibilité de consensus moral en termes aussi de science et de philosophie scientifique<br>Resumo: Este trabalho discute a questão da moral em Augusto Comte, a partir de três hipóteses: primeira, a da existência da moral como 7ª ciência, última e suprema, em Augusto Comte. Neste sentido ele colaborou na fundação também da ciência moral e não apenas da ciência social. A segunda afirma a moral como o núcleo possibilitador da continuidade do pensamento e da obra de Augusto Comte; núcleo, porque o fio condutor completo, enquanto problema e solução, é o âmbito religioso-moral-educacional. Segundo ele, a moral é o núcleo da religião e, na sua parte prática, isto é, enquanto moral prática, é a educação. A terceira leva à constatação de que, apesar da dificuldade teórica, Augusto Comte sempre supôs a existência da liberdade humana, condição indispensável para a moral. Apesar de utilizar o termo ¿ética¿ apenas duas vezes, e unicamente como acrósticos para a sua última obra, e apesar de usar a expressão ¿filosofia moral¿ se referindo à 6ª e 7ª ordens de fenômenos da realidade, os fenômenos sociais e morais, a ética ou filosofia moral (ou teoria moral), no sentido que usamos, comparece do começo ao fim da obra comtiana: é o que aparece nas 5.090 referências diretas à moral, nos 5.090 usos do termo ¿moral¿ ou derivados ao longo de seus escritos. Enfim, este trabalho se liga à necessidade mais geral cada vez mais urgente da discussão da possibilidade de consenso moral em termos também de ciência e de filosofia científica<br>Doutorado<br>Filosofia<br>Doutor em Filosofia
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Khalil, Antoin Abou. "A questão ética na advocacia: uma abordagem crítica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2139/tde-11022015-094450/.
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O presente trabalho tem por finalidade construir uma reflexão crítica a respeito da ética na advocacia. Não da ética dos advogados enquanto indivíduos, mas enquanto investidos da função social que lhes cabe em seu afazer profissional. A partir da premissa metodológica do materialismo histórico, procura-se demonstrar a correspondência necessária entre capitalismo (forma-mercantil) e direito (forma-jurídica), bem como, nesse eixo, da fundamental contribuição dos advogados à práxis capitalista, da qual o direito é imprescindível amarra estrutural. Os reflexos dessa dinâmica na ética advocatícia são examinados, de modo específico, no cenário de aplicação de três preceitos profissionais básicos: os da independência, da probidade e da publicidade moderada , a partir dos quais fica claro seu constrangimento pelas formas sociais capitalistas. No curso do trabalho, o tema da ideologia é abordado para ilustrar o profundo grau em que ela contribui para a reprodução das relações sociais e para a constituição dos indivíduos enquanto sujeitos - e, sob o capitalismo, enquanto sujeitos moldados pelo capital e em prol dos interesses do capital. Debate-se o papel ideológico não só do direito, e de seus agentes, como também da teoria filosófica que se constrói em torno de todo esse afazer. Contudo, se por um lado a filosofia pode servir para reforçar ideologicamente a práxis da exploração, também lhe é reservado o papel de apontar o caminho por meio do qual seja possível romper com ela. Por essa razão, à luz do conceito de utopia concreta, dado por Ernst Bloch, apontamos para a possibilidade histórica de efetivação de uma nova matriz sociológica, de caráter socialista, na qual o direito e seus agentes deixarão de exercer o protagonismo de uma justiça que é meramente formal, para dar lugar à justiça em sentido concreto, materializada no plano social.<br>The current paper aims at building a critical reflexion on lawyers ethics. Not in the sense of ethics in lawyers as individuals, but as they are invested in the social role they have when they are in the exercise of their professions. Starting with the methodological premise of historical materialism, we have tried to demonstrate the necessary correspondence between capitalism (commodity form) and law (legal form), as well as the fundamental contribution of lawyers to the capitalist praxis, of which law is the essential structural tie. The reflexes of this dynamic in lawyers ethics are examined in a specific way, in the scenery of the application of three professional basic premises: independence, probity and moderate advertising based on which its embarrassment before social capitalist forms is clear. In the course of the paper, the ideological theme is approached to illustrate the profound degree in which it contributes to the reproduction of social relations and to the constitution of individuals as subjects and, under capitalism, as subjects moulded by capital and for the interests of capital. The ideological role is debated not only as the law and its agents, but also the philosophical theory that is built around this entire task. Nevertheless, if on the one hand philosophy can be used to ideologically reinforce the exploitation praxis, it also has the role of pointing the way in which it may be feasible to break with it. For this reason, under the light of concrete utopia, as given by Ernst Bloch, we point at the historical possibility of effectiveness of a new sociological matrix, of socialist characteristic, in which law and its agents will cease to exert the leading role of justice that is merely formal to make way to justice in its concrete sense, materialized in the social plan.