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Academic literature on the topic 'Explosions nucléaires souterraines'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Explosions nucléaires souterraines"
Crusem, René. "Simulation de signaux sismiques et étude de sources nucléaires souterraines par inversion de moments." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986ECAP0054.
Full textThomas, Vincent. "Développement d’un système de mesure ultra-compact à coïncidences électron/photon pour la détection et la caractérisation de radionucléides du xénon." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS454/document.
Full textAs part of the Comprehensive nuclear Test Ban Treaty (CTBT), an International Monitoring System (IMS) has been developed. This network consists of several hundred measuring stations whose role is to detect the signatures of a clandestine nuclear test. Four types of measurements are carried out: seismic, hydroacoustic, infrasound and radionuclide. In the particular case of an underground nuclear test, only the radionuclide measurement is adequate to detect the explosion and quantify its yield. Four xenon radionuclides with long half-lives are produced during a nuclear test: the 131m-Xe, the 133m-Xe, the 133-Xe and the 135-Xe. A small proportion of these gases may diffuse through the cracks in the cavity and end up in the atmosphere. Due to atmospheric dilution, the concentrations of these four radionuclides are extremely low and therefore difficult to detect. In addition, atmospheric background continues to increase as these radioactive gases are also produced by medical radioisotope facilities and nuclear power plants. In order to strengthen the IMS, the CEA-DAM has proposed to develop an ultra-compact and mobile system for detecting xenon radionuclides, in order to be able to carry out verification measurements directly on site, and thus to avoid the problem of atmospheric dilution. This work presents the development and optimization of this system. The system was first modelled on a computer and its performances in terms of detection efficiency were simulated by the Monte-Carlo method using Geant4 software. Measurements are made in electron-photon coincidence mode. In parallel, an ultra-compact acquisition chain has been developed, as well as a communication network to synchronize in time the various digital spectrometers used for signal processing (IEEE 1588 PTP protocol). The minimum detectable concentrations of this system are less than 5 mBq/m³ for a 12 h acquisition, for the four xenon radionuclides of interest
Books on the topic "Explosions nucléaires souterraines"
Chun, Kin-Yip. La vérification de l'interdiction des essais nucléaires: Une étude canadienne en sismologie expérimentale. Ottawa, Ont: Affaires extérieures et commerce extérieur Canada, 1991.
Find full textCanada. Ministère des affaires extérieures., ed. Vérification sismique. Ottawa, Ont: Affaires extérieures Canada, 1986.
Find full text(US), National Research Council. Seismic Signals from Mining Operations and the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty: Comments on a Draft Report by a Department of Energy Working Group (Compass Series). National Academies Press, 1998.
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