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1

Getnet, Daniel, Zelalem Melkamu, and Sisay Mengistu. "Determinant variables that predict the performance of professional soccer clubs in Ethiopian Primer League." Retos 65 (February 15, 2025): 545–58. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v65.110434.

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Introduction: Managing soccer clubs is a challenging and rewarding experience, requiring a combination of leadership skills and strategic decision-making. Objective: This study investigated professional soccer club performance determinants in the Ethiopian Premier League. Methodology: This study investigated professional soccer club performance determinants in the Ethiopian Premier League. A correlational analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between the variables and the performance of soccer clubs. Thirty-nine seven-point Likert scale questionnaires, deemed reliable (α = .91), w
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Warapsari, Dhyayi, Lintang Ratri Rahmiaji, and Ade Armando. "KOMODIFIKASI SIARAN OLAHRAGA DI TELEVISI PUBLIK: STUDI KASUS LIGA PRIMER INGGRIS DI LPP TVRI." Interaksi: Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi 10, no. 2 (2021): 93–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/interaksi.10.2.93-103.

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Sport and media have a long history of mutually beneficial relationship. Sport has become a commodity. Private televisions use sport programs to gain more profits through various methods, such as advertising and paid subscription. The potential benefits that media can gain from sport have driven the competition between broadcasters to get the broadcasting rights and thus drive the broadcasting rights fees higher every season. In 2019, TVRI with limited annual budget can acquire English Premier League broadcasting rights through partnership with Mola TV. TVRI as a public service broadcaster is
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Azimi, Mahdi, Seyed Amir Reza Hosseinipour Rafsanjani, and Mona Torkaman. "The effect of education and sporting experience of iranian premier league football players on their awareness of sports law." Revista Tempos e Espaços em Educação 13, no. 32 (2020): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.20952/revtee.v13i32.14924.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between education and athletic background of Premier League football players on their awareness of sports Law. In this study, descriptive-analytical method and Spearman correlation coefficient were used. Ninety-five percent level was used as the criterion for rejecting the hypothesis. Questionnaires about variables were used to identify the sample group and the main questions about players' legal awareness were used for data collection. The results showed that Pearson correlation coefficient was 0.107, Spearman correlation coefficie
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Groot, Loek, and Marnix Zoutenbier. "The Most Salient Matches in the History of Premier League Football." International Journal of the History of Sport 31, no. 17 (2014): 2101–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09523367.2014.917080.

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5

Whales, Lewis, Stephen Frawley, Adam Cohen, and Natalia Nikolova. "Everyday Things Change: Australian Athlete Communication During the Coronavirus Lockdown." International Journal of Sport Communication 13, no. 3 (2020): 541–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsc.2020-0219.

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During the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, Australian professional sport leagues were impacted by temporary league shutdowns. One example is the Suncorp Super Netball, the world’s premier netball competition. This commentary paper explores the Suncorp Super Netball league shutdown from the perspective of the players. Our commentary has emerged from an ongoing ethnographic study supported by interviews with two players (a representative on the players association and a club captain) conducted during the league shutdown. Such a shutdown was the first in the history of the league, and it require
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Chekle, Belayneh, Tebibu Solomon, Tefera Tadesse, and Wondimagegn Shewangizaw. "The relationships between tactical formation, technical-tactical performance, and match outcome in the Ethiopian Bet King Premier League." SPORT TK-Revista EuroAmericana de Ciencias del Deporte 14 (April 27, 2025): 35. https://doi.org/10.6018/sportk.616841.

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This study aimed to conduct a comprehensive analysis using a correlational study design to find the relationships between tactical formation, technical-tactical performance, and match outcome in the Ethiopian Bet King Premier League. Out of the seasons 240 matches, 40 matches were taken using a purposive sampling technique. A conceptual model guided the study process and how the study variables relate to one another, illuminating the dynamics that affect success in competitive soccer situations. The study results showed that in the Ethiopian Bet King Premier League, formation does not correlat
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Gerlach, Larry. "The Camden Merritt, New Jersey’s Premier Nineteenth-Century Baseball Team." New Jersey Studies: An Interdisciplinary Journal 9, no. 2 (2023): 35–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.14713/njs.v9i2.326.

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With the emergence of baseball as America’s national sporting pastime, Camden civic and business leaders decided in 1881 to organize a professional team. This article examines the brief but spectacular history of the Albert Merritt Base Ball Club, one of the best minor league teams of the nineteenth century. Examined are the social and economic reasons for organizing a professional team, the unique founding of the club, the construction of a playing facility, and team finances including player salaries. The 1883 Merritt, which advanced every player to the major leagues, was a juggernaut, domin
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8

Kelkar, Ajinkya. "Influx of money and the Manchester City Success Story." Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 12, no. 3 (2021): 4465–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i3.1829.

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The Premier League in the 21st century has been the most popular league in football history. Known for its jaw dropping matches and unpredictability, the teams in this league are quickly establishing themselves as some of Europe’s finest football teams. One such team is Manchester City. In 2008 Man City’s fortune was overturned when the Abu Dhabi United Group decided to purchase Manchester city under its subsidiary City Football group. The new investors provided city with much needed financial backing because of which they were able to improve their training centre, grounds and medical facilit
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Karak, Anirban. "Accumulation by Dispossession: A Marxist History of the Formation of the English Premier League." Review of Radical Political Economics 49, no. 4 (2016): 615–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0486613416635039.

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The decade of the 1980s witnessed massive changes in the internal structure and functioning of English football.1 Several rules, instituted during the infancy of the professional game to limit profit-making, were overturned with remarkable rapidity within the space of a few years, culminating in the formation of the English Premier League (EPL) in 1992. In this paper, I engage with two questions. One, why and how was the century-old structure of English football so rapidly transformed and what were the consequences? Two, what sort of Marxian theoretical framework can we use to understand the h
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10

Avi-Yonah, Reuven. "Tax In History: The 1923 Report and the International Tax Revolution." Intertax 51, Issue 5 (2023): 427–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/taxi2023039.

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The centennial of the four economists’ Report on Double Taxation (1923) (League of Nations, Economic and Financial Commission, Report on Double Taxation Submitted to the Financial Committee by Professors Bruins, Einaudi, Seligman and Sir Josiah Stamp, E.F.S.73. F.19 (League of Nations 1923) (the Report).) provides a good opportunity to reflect on the extent the international tax regime (ITR) that was founded on the Report has changed in the past decade. While on the surface the changes brought about by the Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) project seem radical enough to consider them an
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Avi-Yonah, Reuven. "Tax In History: The 1923 Report and the International Tax Revolution." Intertax 51, Issue 5 (2023): 427–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/taxi2023039.

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The centennial of the four economists’ Report on Double Taxation (1923) (League of Nations, Economic and Financial Commission, Report on Double Taxation Submitted to the Financial Committee by Professors Bruins, Einaudi, Seligman and Sir Josiah Stamp, E.F.S.73. F.19 (League of Nations 1923) (the Report).) provides a good opportunity to reflect on the extent the international tax regime (ITR) that was founded on the Report has changed in the past decade. While on the surface the changes brought about by the Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) project seem radical enough to consider them an
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Benammar, Martine. "The “jersey brand”. An economic history of Manchester United." Football(s). Histoire, culture, économie, société, no. 2 (April 20, 2023): 43–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.58335/football-s.266.

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Même en n’étant plus le club de football le plus riche au monde, Manchester United reste une place forte du football. Le développement mondial de la marque Manchester United a reposé sur un nouveau modèle économique né au début des années 1990 en s’appuyant sur la création de la Premier League et sa diffusion massive à la télévision, notamment sur des chaînes à péage. Propriétaire du plus grand stade anglais, les recettes au guichet restent un point fort de son offre commerciale. Grâce à des contrats atteignant des montants records avec ses équipementiers successifs et ses sponsors-maillots, M
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Yubel, Novrel Esa, and Reuspatyono Reuspatyono. "IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ENGLISH PREMIER LEAGUE'S INVOLVEMENT IN CAMPAIGNING THE ANTI-RACISM MOVEMENT." Journal of Social Political Sciences 3, no. 1 (2022): 42–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.52166/jsps.v3i1.92.

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The issue of racism is still common, especially in the black race. Black people are often subjected to discriminatory treatment, such as violence to slurs. The death of George Floyd in 2020 adds to the dark history of racism, and this has further strengthened the campaign against the importance of anti-racism to black citizens through the slogan "Black Lives Matter". The spread of this slogan has made this campaign spread to transnational society, including the administrators and athletes in the English Premier League (EPL). This research focuses on discussing the role of the EPL in the anti-r
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14

Rababah, Luqman M., Mahmoud Ali Rababah, Maram Teimah Haddad, et al. "A Linguistic and Cultural Analysis of British Football Club Nicknames." Forum for Linguistic Studies 6, no. 6 (2024): 1164–74. https://doi.org/10.30564/fls.v6i6.7495.

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Nicknames are a byproduct of culture and are specific to the environment in which they are used and given. Onomasticology research has gained importance as linguists' interest in language and culture has grown. This study investigates the potential benefits and drawbacks of English football clubs’ (EFCs) nicknames as a communication tool. Specifically, it examines the nicknames of EFC players from the Premier League, Championship, League One, and League Two during the 2021–2022 season. The study sample includes all 92 EFCs in Britain, each of which has a nickname. These nicknames were categori
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Gimbel, Steven, and Joseph Radzevick. "Inconsistent, Vague, and…Just? An Analysis of the National Football League’s 2021 COVID-19 Policy." Philosophies 7, no. 2 (2022): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/philosophies7020027.

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The National Football League, the premier professional organization for American football, developed a policy concerning the protocol in cases where players contract COVID-19. This policy includes elements such as collective punishment that appear, at first glance, to be morally problematic. To the contrary, the policy is indeed morally acceptable as we should not think of organizations such as the NFL in the same way we think of governments in stable nations, but rather in the same way that we think of hybrid justice systems in countries where because of histories of colonialism, the identity
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Vamplew, Wray. "Creating the English Premier Football League: A Brief Economic History with Some Possible Lessons for Asian Soccer." International Journal of the History of Sport 34, no. 17-18 (2017): 1807–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09523367.2017.1343816.

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17

Moustafa, Shaib, Shokeir Ali, Takkoush Khalil, et al. "Factors Leading to Sport Injuries in the Lebanese Premier League Players: A Cross-Sectional Study." International Journal Of Pharmaceutical And Bio-Medical Science 02, no. 10 (2022): 442–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.47191/ijpbms/v2-i10-12.

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Background: Soccer is the most popular sport worldwide, and soccer-related injuries are very common, they have a substantial impact on individual’s financial and economic costs, as well as its effect on the national and international health quality. Objective: To increase the awareness about the factors that lead to sport injuries for the Lebanese Premier League Football. Method: A cross sectional study, consists of, 72 Players that have been enrolled and filled a survey after getting access from the Lebanese Football Association. These surveys have been categorized as (Demographics, Players’
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Mtambo, Memory Lucy, Olufemi Adegbesan, and Bhekuzulu Khumalo. "Multi-dimensional perspective of long-term athlete development in male soccer in Malawi." International Journal of Sport, Exercise and Health Research 5, no. 2 (2021): 83–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.31254/sportmed.5211.

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The study was conducted to establish the athlete support personnel’s knowledge on talent identification and development, the study also aimed at establishing the process used by athlete support personnel during talent identification and development in soccer. The environmental factors effect on soccer players’ progress to national level was studied as well. The population comprised athlete support personnel and male soccer players from teams taking part in the Northern Region Premier Division league in Malawi. Multistage sampling which included purposive, volunteer and convenience sampling was
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19

Shaib, Moustafa, Ali Shokeir, Khalil Takkoush, et al. "Factors Leading to Sport Injuries of the Lebanese Premier League Players: A Cross Sectional Study." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIO-MEDICAL SCIENCE 02, no. 10 (2022): 442–48. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260653.

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<strong>Background:</strong>&nbsp;Soccer is the most popular sport worldwide, and soccer-related injuries are very common, they have a substantial impact on individuals financial and economic costs, as well as its effect on the national and international health quality. &nbsp; <strong>Objective:</strong>&nbsp;To increase the awareness about the factors that lead to sport injuries for the Lebanese Premier League Football. &nbsp; <strong>Method:</strong>&nbsp;A cross sectional study, consists of, 72 Players that have been enrolled and filled a survey after getting access from the Lebanese Footba
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20

DHULIPALA, VENKAT. "Rallying theQaum:The Muslim League in the United Provinces, 1937–1939." Modern Asian Studies 44, no. 3 (2009): 603–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x09004016.

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AbstractThis paper re-examines the nature of the Muslim League's mobilization of the UP Muslims during the period of Congress party rule and the extent to which it was successful in emerging as their ‘authoritative, representative organization’. In the light of such a re-examination, the paper makes two arguments. First, in contrast to the existing historiography which highlights the role of Jinnah in the ML's revival, this paper underlines the agency of the local leadership of the ML in this process. Second, the paper argues that even though the ML emerged as a popular political party among t
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Hood, Matthew, William Chittenden, and R. Todd Jewell. "Never Tell Me the Odds: The Stingy Odds for Leicester City to Win the English Premier League." Journal of Prediction Markets 12, no. 1 (2018): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5750/jpm.v12i1.1447.

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The crowning of Leicester City FC as English Premier League champions in 2016 is arguably the biggest upset in the history of professional sports. The pre-season odds posted for LCFC to win the EPL were 5,000:1, worse than finding Elvis alive. In our model, they win just once per 70,000 simulations; thus, bettors could expect a return of just 0.071 of the stake when betting on Leicester City. This is similar to the expected return of betting on all of the long-shots in our simulations; however, the expected value of bets on favorites averages 0.864. We find that the betting market is segmented
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Bhima Lakhsetya Jati and Sugiyarta Stanislaus. "The Effect of Schadenfreude on Verbal Aggressiveness in Rival Manchester United Fans on Social Media Twitter." Journal of Social and Industrial Psychology 13, no. 2 (2025): 1–8. https://doi.org/10.15294/sip.v13i2.19524.

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Verbal aggression often arises when football fans witness the downfall of rival teams. A frequent phenomenon associated with verbal aggression is the relationship between Manchester United supporters and the fans of rival English Premier League clubs. This phenomenon is driven by feelings of schadenfreude, which can motivate football fans to express verbal aggression toward Manchester United fans. The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of schadenfreude on verbal aggression among rival fans of Manchester United on Twitter. The research adopts a quantitative approach with a co
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Al Qaysi, Ali, Mohamed Baaziz, Samia Boukari, et al. "Guidance/Training Course in Facing the Psychological Pressures and Improving the Speed and Performance of Football Referees for Iraqi Premier League." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 11, no. 2 (2024): 54–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.112.16392.

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The study aimed to identify the effect of the guidance and Program in Facing the Psychological Pressures and Improving the Speed, its Endurance and Performance of Football Referees for Iraqi Premier League. The equal-group experimental method has been used. The groups are two experimental groups and a control group with pre- and post-measurements. The study sample consisted of (30) referees. They were selected randomly and by lottery. They were distributed into two experimental groups (the first experimental group takes the training curriculum, the second experimental group takes the training
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Calligeris, T. "The incidence of injuries and exposure time of professional football club players in the Premier Soccer League during football season." South African Journal of Sports Medicine 27, no. 1 (2016): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3108/2015/v27i1a484.

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Background. Data on the incidence of football injuries and exposure time of players during matches and training in the South African (SA) Premier Soccer League (PSL) are lacking. Objective. To calculate the incidence of injuries and the exposure time (practice and match) of the players of a PSL team over a full season. Methods. Injury and training data of the players in the squad (N=32) were recorded on a daily basis by the medical support staff, according to the methods of the Football Medical Assessment and Research Centre (F-MARC) protocol. Results. One hundred and thirty injuries were reco
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Andrews, Michael C., and Catherine Itsiopoulos. "Room for Improvement in Nutrition Knowledge and Dietary Intake of Male Football (Soccer) Players in Australia." International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism 26, no. 1 (2016): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.2015-0064.

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Athletes require sufficient nutrition knowledge and skills to enable appropriate selection and consumption of food and fluids to meet their health, body composition, and performance needs. This article reports the nutrition knowledge and dietary habits of male football (soccer) players in Australia. Players age 18 years and older were recruited from 1 A-League club (professional) and 4 National Premier League clubs (semiprofessional). No significant difference in general nutrition knowledge (GNK; 54.1% ± 13.4%; 56.8% ± 11.7%; M ± SD), t(71) = -0.91, p = .37, or sports nutrition knowledge (SNK;
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McManus, John. "BEEN THERE, DONE THAT, BOUGHT THE T-SHIRT: BEŞIKTAŞ FANS AND THE COMMODIFICATION OF FOOTBALL IN TURKEY." International Journal of Middle East Studies 45, no. 1 (2013): 3–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743812001237.

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AbstractIn this article, I explore how the rapid commercialism and commodification of Turkish premier league football has affected the activities of a particular fan group, Çarşı, for the club Beşiktaş, one of Turkey's oldest teams. I look at how elements of the commodification of football have been harnessed and mediated by Çarşı to make ethical and political statements and convey an anarcho-socialist message. These processes, I argue, are driven by the possibilities opened up by rapid social and technological development. The shift to searching for identity among the forums and video website
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Hudson, Charles, Marvin Smith, David Hally, Richard Polhemus, and Chester DePratter. "Reply to Boyd and Schroedl." American Antiquity 52, no. 4 (1987): 845–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/281395.

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C. Clifford Boyd, Jr. and Gerald F. Schroedl find fault with our use of both historical and archaeological evidence in our reconstruction of the paramount chiefdom of Coosa. Herein we answer their criticisms by discussing our overall research strategy and by clarifying our use of historical documents, the Spanish league, and archaeological information. We also point out some of the more obvious errors and misinterpretations in the work of the U.S. De Soto Expedition Commission.
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Andrzejewski, Marcin, Beata Pluta, Marek Konefał, Paweł Chmura, and Jan Chmura. "Analysis of the Motor Activities of Professional Polish Soccer Players." Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism 23, no. 4 (2016): 196–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pjst-2016-0026.

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Abstract Introduction. The aims of the present study were to determine the activity profiles of a large sample of Polish Premier League soccer players during elite-standard soccer matches depending on their position on the pitch and the intensity range of physical activity. Material and methods. The study sample comprised 1,178 players in 5 outfield positions: external defenders (ED, n = 289), central defenders (CD, n = 307), central midfield players (CM, n = 327), external midfield players (EM, n = 152), and forwards (F, n = 103). Altogether, 81 Polish League games held during four domestic s
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Yang, Zhaoqin. "The Impact of Financial Investment on Game Results: A Comparative Study of Manchester." Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences 149, no. 1 (2025): 170–79. https://doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/2024.19249.

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This article explores the impact of financial investment on the performance results of Manchester United and Manchester City in the Premier League in the past decade, aiming to reveal how financial strategies affect the success of the club. Manchester United is known for its long history and commercial income, and Manchester City has significantly improved its financial strength through strategic investment in recent years. The study compared the spending of the two clubs on player recruitment, facility construction and coach salaries, and analyzed the direct impact of these investments on the
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Arbena, Joseph L. "Robet F. Burk, Much More than A Game: Players, Owners and American Baseball Since 1921. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 2001 xi + 372 pp. $45.00 cloth; $19.95 paper; Charles P. Korr, The End of Baseball as We Knew It: The Players Union, 1960–81. Urbana, IL: The University of Illinois Press, 2002. 336 pp. $34.95 cloth." International Labor and Working-Class History 65 (April 2004): 229–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0147547904430130.

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Critics, fans and journalists alike, of the players' role in the prolonged major league baseball work stoppage of 1994–1995, generally ignore two key realities of the history of the national pastime. First, at least since the founding of the National League in 1876, baseball at the highest levels has been primarily a business. Neither owners nor players played mainly for “the love of the game.” For the latter it was a way to make a living; for the former it was a way to make a profit.
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Pitera, Filip, and Jarema Batorski. "Football coach replacement – short-term effect on performance." Sport i Turystyka. Środkowoeuropejskie Czasopismo Naukowe 5, no. 4 (2022): 53–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.16926/sit.2022.04.03.

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Sporting performance is undoubtedly one of the key aspects of the way in which professional clubs operate. Insufficient results often result in coach turnover. The initial motivation to replace the coach suggests that improvement should come after the change. This paper aims at determining how the rotation on the coach position influences football clubs’ short-term sporting performance. The material for analysis consists of ten games before and ten games after each coach replacement in Premier League and La Liga in the past three seasons from 2018 to 2021. A statistical analysis is conducted t
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Shalaj, Ismet, Masar Gjaka, Norbert Bachl, Barbara Wessner, Harald Tschan, and Faton Tishukaj. "Potential prognostic factors for hamstring muscle injury in elite male soccer players: A prospective study." PLOS ONE 15, no. 11 (2020): e0241127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0241127.

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Hamstring injuries remain the most common injury type across many professional sports. Despite a variety of intervention strategies, its incidence in soccer players playing in the UEFA Champions League has increased by 4% per year over the last decade. Test batteries trying to identify potential risk factors have produced inconclusive results. The purpose of the current study was to prospectively record hamstring injuries, to investigate the incidence and characteristics of the injuries, and to identify possible risk factors in elite male soccer players, playing in the Kosovo national premier
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Frenger, Monika. "Attention economy in professional football: A study protocol on the individual perspective of social media marketability of European football player." Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS) 9, no. 4 (2024): 035. http://dx.doi.org/10.36950/2024.4ciss035.

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In the digital age, the attention economy assumes that attention flows along the same channels as money. Attention is a scarce commodity, so competing for it should follow a similar mechanism to the general acquisition of income and can therefore be seen as a social currency (Franck, 1998). Nowhere is this more evident than in the realm of professional sports, where athletes have become both performers and brands (Nufer, 2018), competing not only on the field but also in the arena of attention. For the players themselves but also for the clubs, the market value of a football player is no longe
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Miñano-Espin, Javier, Luis Casáis, Carlos Lago-Peñas, and Miguel Ángel Gómez-Ruano. "High Speed Running and Sprinting Profiles of Elite Soccer Players." Journal of Human Kinetics 58, no. 1 (2017): 169–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hukin-2017-0086.

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AbstractReal Madrid was named as the best club of the 20th century by the International Federation of Football History and Statistics. The aim of this study was to compare if players from Real Madrid covered shorter distances than players from the opposing team. One hundred and forty-nine matches including league, cup and UEFA Champions League matches played by the Real Madrid were monitored during the 2001-2002 to the 2006-2007 seasons. Data from both teams (Real Madrid and the opponent) were recorded. Altogether, 2082 physical performance profiles were examined, 1052 from the Real Madrid and
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Mendez Barba, Giovani Javier, Juan Cristóbal Barrón Luján, Silvia Isela Ramirez Enriquez, Omar Ricardo Ortiz Gómez, Gilberto Santo Sambrano, and Julio Cesar Guedea Delgado. "Análisis comparativo de estructuras competitivas y aspectos sistemáticos en las mejores ligas de futbol mundial." Revista Mexicana de Ciencias de la Cultura Física 3, no. 9 (2024): 32–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.54167/rmccf.v9i3.1555.

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Este estudio descriptivo y comparativo examina la estructura organizacional y los aspectos sistemáticos de las principales confederaciones de fútbol mundial, junto con los logros más relevantes en campeonatos de primera división, confederación y mundial de clubes. Utilizando datos del ranking de la International Federation of Football History &amp; Statistics (IFFHS), se seleccionaron y analizaron las ligas más destacadas, considerando los dos equipos más exitosos por liga y tres equipos para las ligas de la AFC, OFC y CAF, que participan en un único torneo. Se investigaron las páginas oficial
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Bersee, Thomas. "Pleisters op kankerplekken: de jonge jaren van de Urban League - Touré F. Reed, Not Alms but Opportunity: The Urban League & the Politics of Racial Uplift, 1910 – 1950 (University of North Carolina Press; Chapel Hill 2008) 304 p., ill., $ 21,95 ISBN 97808707859025." Tijdschrift voor geschiedenis 122, no. 4 (2009): 585–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/tvgesch2009.4.b25.

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Hickey, Colm. "When jokes are not funny – Humour and abuse in elite sport." Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS) 8, no. 2 (2023): 074. http://dx.doi.org/10.36950/2023.2ciss074.

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Joking and humour are central to the daily lives and lived experiences of professional elite athletes (Hickey, 2016; Roderick, 2006). Traditionally within sport, such discourses have been accepted as back and forth joking between teammates, athletes, and coaches, and should not be taken seriously by either the recipient or antagonist (Magrath, 2016). Although joking relations are widely assumed to be harmless (Plester, 2016), their characteristics and constant presence in the lives of professional and elite athletes share unmistakable similarities to forms of abuse (Jacobs et al., 2017; Mountj
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Clark, Nicholas C., and Stuart D. Campbell. "Preseason weight-bearing ankle dorsiflexion in male professional football players with and without a history of severe ankle injury: A novel analysis in an English Premier League club." Physical Therapy in Sport 52 (November 2021): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ptsp.2021.07.006.

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Wang, Chenrui. "Multiple Regression Models Were Used to Predict Match Outcome Through Football Team Match Data." International Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology 3, no. 2 (2024): 117–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.62051/ijcsit.v3n2.13.

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With the increasing prosperity of football, the result prediction of football matches has become a hot spot in the commercial operation of sports, and also an important issue studied by the academic circle. Research about the results of football prediction, most research scholars from the factors of the results, such as the team strength, the weather, the team ranking, team status, coach, team home and away combat ability, but a large number of historical game data collection is more difficult, and part of the political factors cannot be quantified. A former study found that gambling companies
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Hoyle, C., M. Mrazik, and D. Naidu. "A-23 Mental Health Outcomes of Elite Athletes Following Sport Related Concussion." Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 35, no. 5 (2020): 619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acaa036.23.

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Abstract Objective Investigation of anxiety and depression symptoms at baseline and following sport related concussion in a population of professional and collegiate football players. Method A quasi-experimental prospective longitudinal design was implemented. Participants included 198 Canadian Football League and University of Alberta varsity football players at baseline. Additionally, this study tracked 13 concussed athletes, 12 orthopaedic control athletes, and 15 healthy control athletes over approximately a 2 month period. Statistical analysis included an ANOVA and repeated measures ANOVA
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Gogitauri, Shota. "Income from Tickets Sale in Georgian Football Clubs." PIRETC-Proceeding of The International Research Education & Training Centre 104, no. 1-2 (2021): 133–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.36962/ecs104/1-2-133.

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Georgia has a big history in football, many famous Georgian players played for the national team. Football is one of the most popular sport in Georgia. Ticket sales income is one of the main source of football teams. Ticket selling and merchandising is one the most important thing for big clubs, their legal and financial resources are directed towards from the tickets income. We have a serious problem in Georgia, Georgian clubs did not have ticket selling and they don’t have income from tickets. The clubs are not selling tickets and they don’t have income from ticket selling, they don’t have s
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Malekzadeh, Reza, and Farideh Hadavi. "Identifying Factors Perceived to Influence the Talent Identification in Iranian Futsal Players." International Journal of Sport Studies for Health 1, no. 2 (2018): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.61838/kman.intjssh.1.2.1.

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Objectives: To identify possible key factors that help in predicting success over time in futsal, the purpose of this study was to identify the factors affecting the talent identification process in Iranian futsal players. Methods: 74 subjects including 6 national team coaches, 54 junior coaches of Tehran premier league, 14 university professors participated the study. Data was collected in a standardized form as self-administered questionnaire. Friedman’s Test was used to analyze the data. Results: It was found that there was a significant difference between effective factors of talent identi
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Hides, Julie A., Jazmin C. Walsh, Melinda M. Franettovich Smith, and M. Dilani Mendis. "Self-Managed Exercises, Fitness and Strength Training, and Multifidus Muscle Size in Elite Footballers." Journal of Athletic Training 52, no. 7 (2017): 649–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-52.3.13.

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Context: Low back pain (LBP) and lower limb injuries are common among Australian Football League (AFL) players. Smaller size of 1 key trunk muscle, the lumbar multifidus (MF), has been associated with LBP and injuries in footballers. The size of the MF muscle has been shown to be modifiable with supervised motor-control training programs. Among AFL players, supervised motor-control training has also been shown to reduce the incidence of lower limb injuries and was associated with increased player availability for games. However, the effectiveness of a self-managed MF exercise program is unknow
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G, Sudhamathy, and Raja Meenakshi G. "PREDICTION ON IPL DATA USING MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUES IN R PACKAGE." ICTACT Journal on Soft Computing 11, no. 1 (2020): 2199–204. https://doi.org/10.21917/ijsc.2020.0313.

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One of the most exciting outdoor games that reached everyone heart is cricket. There are several series held and one among that created a magnificent history in the arena of sports is Indian Premier League (IPL). It has reached its popularity with successful brand in the world of sports and usually will be conducted among 8 teams. This proposed paper is specifically concentrating on enactment and measuring the difference between the models to foretell the captivating team of an IPL match. Data is accessed by the computer programs developed using Machine learning to build models. As of now, dat
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Karık, Türkan, and Süleyman Murat Yıldız. "The effect of mobbing behaviors on burnout of women’s basketball playersMobbing davranışlarının kadın basketbolcuların tükenmişliği üzerine etkisi." International Journal of Human Sciences 12, no. 2 (2015): 430. http://dx.doi.org/10.14687/ijhs.v12i2.3349.

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&lt;p&gt;This research was conducted in order to examine the effect of mobbing behaviors on the occupational burnout of women’s basketball players. The research mainly looked into the effects of different dimensions of mobbing, namely as person-related mobbing, work-related mobbing and physically intimidating mobbing, on the emergence of emotional/physical exhaustion and devaluation as well as reduced sense of accomplishment among women’s basketball players. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The study used the NAQ-F (Negative Acts Questionnaire—Football) scale developed by Yildiz (2015a) to measure mobbing a
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DUNWOODIE, P. "Review. Albert Camus dans le premier silence ... et audela. Suivi de Albert Camus, chroniqueur judiciaire a Alger-Republicain en 1939. Smets, Paul-F." French Studies 41, no. 3 (1987): 367. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fs/41.3.367.

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Ducheyne, Steffen, and Frederik Dhondt. "Isaac Newton Explicating His Natural Philosophical Method. A Study of the Development of the Methodological Statements in the Queries to the Opticks." Revue belge de philologie et d'histoire 99, no. 2 (2021): 343–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/rbph.2021.9667.

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Dans cet essai, nous étudions le développement de cinq passages méthodologiques importants dans les Queries de l’Opticks d’Isaac Newton (1642-1727) et nous explorons plusieurs raisons pour lesquelles il les a continuellement révisés et reformulés. Les Queries, publiés à la fois en anglais et en latin, ont une histoire éditoriale complexe et fascinante. Ici, nous analysons les manuscrits survivants en relation avec les versions publiées de l’Opticks (1704, 1717, 1721 et 1730) et de l’Optice (1706 et 1719) et, en outre, avec d’autres sources pertinentes telles que ‘ An Account of the Book Called
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Lévesque, Jérome, Hassan Rivaz, Amanda Rizk, Stephane Frenette, Mathieu Boily, and Maryse Fortin. "Lumbar Multifidus Muscle Characteristics, Body Composition, and Injury in University Rugby Players." Journal of Athletic Training 55, no. 10 (2020): 1116–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-304-19.

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Context A smaller lumbar multifidus (LM) muscle was reported to be a strong predictor of lower limb injury in professional Australian Football League players. However, despite the high prevalence of low back pain (LBP) and lower limb injury in rugby players, their LM characteristics have yet to be explored. Objective To (1) examine LM characteristics in male and female university rugby players and their possible associations with LBP and lower limb injury and (2) investigate the relationship between LM characteristics and body composition in this group of athletes. Design Cross-sectional study
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Rud, Mykola. "MEDIEVAL GERMANY IN THE SCIENTIFIC CONTRIBUTION OF MEDIEVALISTS FROM ST. VOLODYMYR UNIVERSITY OF KYIV IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 19TH CENTURY." Journal of Ukrainian History, no. 50 (2024): 7–14. https://doi.org/10.17721/2522-4611.2024.50.1.

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The article is dedicated to one of the priority research areas of medievalists from St. Volodymyr University of Kyiv in the second half of the 19th century – the study of key issues in the historical development of medieval Germany. Based on sources and specialized historical literature, the article analyzes the Kyiv period of scientific and pedagogical activity and the main works in the field of German studies by renowned domestic medievalists of the second half of the 19th century – V. O. Bilbasov, F. Ya. Fortynsky, and V. H. Lyaskoronsky. The research relies on the principles of historicism
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Alter, Karen J. "The Empire of International Law?" American Journal of International Law 113, no. 1 (2019): 183–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ajil.2018.81.

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This review essay examines three intellectual histories focused on fundamental transformations of international law in the early twentieth century. Juan Pablo Scarfi's Hidden History of International Law in the Americas is most interested in debates about a Pan-American international law, meaning the idea that international law might work differently in different regions, which was debated but eventually gave way to the change that Arnulf Becker Lorca, a Lecturer in Public International Law at Georgetown Law, discusses. Becker Lorca's Mestizo International Law is most interested in how the con
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