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1
Selyutina, Nina, and Yuri Petrov. "Structural-Temporal Peculiarities of Dynamic Deformation of Layered Materials." Materials 15, no. 12 (2022): 4271. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15124271.
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The temporal nature of static and dynamic deformation of fibre metal laminates is discussed here. The aim of the study is to verify the proposed innovate model using layered composites. The modified relaxation model is based on the earlier formulated plasticity relaxation model for homogeneous materials. The proposed relaxation model makes it possible to describe the deformation of the layered composites from elastic to irreversible deformation, finalised by the failure moment. The developed approach allows us to consider the effects of the transition from static to dynamic loading. This means that the model-calculated dynamic limiting characteristics of the metal and the strength of brittle materials will have a determining character, depending on the loading history. The verification of the model using a glass fibre reinforced aluminium composite, glass fibre reinforced titanium composite, carbon fibre reinforced aluminium composite, and Kevlar fibre reinforced aluminium composite with different thickness ratios between metal and polymer layers is given. It is shown that the theoretical deformation curves of the metal composites at the various strain rates, finalised by brittle fracture of the polymer layers or continued irreversible deformation of remaining unbroken metal layers with destroyed polymer (fibre/epoxy) layers, are predicted. Based on the same structural−temporal parameters for five (Ti/GFRP (0/90)/Ti/GFRP(90/0)/Ti) and three (Ti/GFRP(0/90/90/0)/Ti) layers glass fibre reinforced titanium composites and the polymer layers, one-stage and two-stage stress drops during the irreversible deformation of the composite under static and dynamic loading are simulated. The change of the multi-stage fracture of the composite from static to dynamic loading and the fracture characteristic times of the polymer (100 s and 15,400 s) and the metal (8.4 ms) are correlated. Continued plastic deformation of the composite after fracture of the polymer layers is related with different values of the characteristic relaxation times of the polymer (fibre/epoxy) and the metal layers.
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Alazemi, Fahad Kh A. O. H., Mohd Na’im Abdullah, Mohd Khairol Anuar Mohd Ariffin, Faizal Mustapha, and Eris Elianddy Supeni. "Optimization of Cutting Tool Geometry for Milling Operation using Composite Material – A Review." Journal of Advanced Research in Materials Science 76, no. 1 (2021): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/arms.76.1.1725.
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Fibre reinforced composite materials having their own specific advantages are why they currently gain more and more attention. A vital procedure once preparations of materials are done is the machining process. Various secondary operations such as milling, drilling, turning and various unconventional processes are used for achieving near net shape and size of desired component. Compared to conventional materials, fibre reinforced composite materials are more practical to be use in machining process due to less amount of cutting forces are required to complete the exact shape and size of desired component. Therefore, a review on milling of fibre reinforced composite material will be helpful for numerous researchers and other manufacturing industries, which are currently working in this field. This review paper represents the classification of composite materials, Fiber Reinforced Plastic (FRP) Composites and Carbon Fibre Reinforced Plastic (CFRP) Composites. In addition, this review also defines the machinability of CFRP composites selection and tool design of end mill.
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Adekomaya, O., and K. Adama. "GLASS-FIBRE REINFORCED COMPOSITES: THE EFFECT OF FIBRE LOADING AND ORIENTATION ON TENSILE AND IMPACT STRENGTH." Nigerian Journal of Technology 36, no. 3 (2017): 782–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v36i3.17.
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The primary objective of this research work is to analyse the effect of fibre loading and orientation on the tensile and impact strength of the polymeric composite materials. Fibre reinforced composite materials have been reported to have attracted many applications in view of its low weight and superior strength when compared with the metal matrix composite. While researches have established the weight reduction of fibre reinforced polymer material, few works have reported the impact of orientation on the manufacturing of polymer composite. In this study, series of experimental works were done to demonstrate the manufacturing of glass-fibre reinforced epoxy resin with special attention on the influence of oriented reinforced composite material. The composites were manufactured using hand-lay technique with three different fibre loadings (10, 20, and 30 wt. %) and at two different fibre orientations (30o and 60o). Key of the finding drawn from this research form the basis of discussion and, composite with 60o fibre orientation showed better tensile strength when compared with the neat resin and other oriented (G10E30) fibre reinforced composite. Similar observations were also noticed on the impact strength of these composites which signify the improved mechanical properties of oriented reinforced composite materials. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v36i3.17
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Mohan, S. Krishna, Arul Thayammal Ganesan, M. Ramarao, et al. "Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of Sisal and Bamboo Fibres Reinforced with Polymer Matrix Composites Prepared by Compression Moulding Process." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2021 (November 29, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/2832149.
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Today’s modern, dynamic world would be impossible to imagine without the concept of composite material advancement. Various studies are being conducted in this area in order to reach the desired level. In terms of compatibility, natural fibre reinforced polymer-based composites and synthetic fibre composites are very similar. Because they are lightweight, nontoxic, and nonabrasive, they are very popular with consumers. They are also readily available and affordable. Composite materials made from natural fibre have superior mechanical properties compared to those made from synthetic fibre. As part of this research, an epoxy-based composite with bamboo and sisal fibre reinforcement is examined. Reinforced with epoxy resin, bamboo fibre and sisal fibre are used to make composite materials. The effect of adding bamboo fibre and sisal fibre in various weight percentages on the mechanical behaviour of composites is investigated.
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Kientzl, Imre, Imre Norbert Orbulov, János Dobránszky, and Árpád Németh. "Mechanical Behaviour Al-Matrix Composite Wires in Double Composite Structures." Advances in Science and Technology 50 (October 2006): 147–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.50.147.
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The fibre reinforced metal matrix composites (FRMMC-s) are one of the main groups of the composite materials. The composite wires are continuous-fibre-reinforced aluminium matrix composites, which are made by a continuous process. Composite wires already have a few experimental applications for the reinforcement of high voltage electric cables. Other experimental application fields of these materials are the preferential reinforcement of the cast parts. In this way significant decrease in the weight could be achieved. The aim of this study is to show the excellent mechanical properties of the composite wires, and the contact relationship between the mechanical and other properties (i.e. thermoelectric power) and the possibility of their standardized production. The continuous production process of the composite wires and their test results were are shown as well. The difference between the composite wire reinforced double composite structures and direct fibre reinforced blocks were delineated as well. In this paper specimens were examined by tensile tests, bending tests, thermal aging tests and thermoelectric power measurement.
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Kumar, Santosh, and KK Singh. "Tribological behaviour of fibre-reinforced thermoset polymer composites: A review." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications 234, no. 11 (2020): 1439–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464420720941554.
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Application of fibre-reinforced polymer composites has increased over the last two decades as compared to conventional materials. This improvement in the application of fibre-reinforced polymer composites is attributed to their unique material properties, such as high strength and stiffness-to-weight ratio, specific modulus and internal vibration damping. However, in most of the industrial applications, composite materials encounter tribological complications. Economic indicators and market dynamics suggested that the market for composite materials is booming and the dominant materials are carbon fibres, glass fibres and thermoset polymer (polyester resin) in resin segments. That is why tribological characteristics are crucial in designing carbon and glass-based fibre-reinforced polymer components. Owing to this importance, the study of tribological behaviour of fibre-reinforced polymer composite materials has expanded significantly. The present study has made an attempt to review the fundamental tribological applications and critical aspects of fibre-reinforced polymers, based on research work, which has been carried out over the past couple of decades. This work has primarily focused on the fibre-reinforced polymer composites, based on carbon and glass fibres with thermosets as the matrix material for probing into tribological behaviours. In the process, the focus has largely been on the most commonly occurring erosive and abrasive mode of wear process.
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Vedanarayanan, V., B. S. Praveen Kumar, M. S. Karuna, et al. "Experimental Investigation on Mechanical Behaviour of Kevlar and Ramie Fibre Reinforced Epoxy Composites." Journal of Nanomaterials 2022 (February 2, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8802222.
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Natural fibre composites have been replacing synthetic fibre composites in practical applications for the last several years because of the features such as low densities, low weight, relatively inexpensive, recyclability, and excellent mechanical qualities unique to the substance. Thus, the current study examines how Kevlar/Ramie/Nano SiC hybrid fibre reinforced composites are made and their mechanical properties, and it compares them to those made using a single natural fibre reinforced composite. It was found that natural fibre composite densities and hardness were all within acceptable ranges by performing composites’ tensile and flexural strength tests. The hand-lay-up technique used ASTM standards samples to construct the composite specimens with various fibre weight percentages. Increase in mechanical characteristics was achieved by adding the glass and the epoxy fibres into the epoxy matrix. The hybrid composite’s performance is promising, especially those of individual fibre-reinforced composites.
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Jayabalan, M. "Studies on Poly(propylene fumarate-co-caprolactone diol) Thermoset Composites towards the Development of Biodegradable Bone Fixation Devices." International Journal of Biomaterials 2009 (2009): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/486710.
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The effect of reinforcement in the cross-linked poly(propylene fumarate-co-caprolactone diol) thermoset composites based on Kevlar fibres and hydroxyapatite was studied. Cross-linked poly(propylene fumarate-co-caprolactone diol) was also studied without any reinforcement for comparison. The reinforcing fibre acts as a barrier for the curing reaction leading to longer setting time and lesser cross-link density. The fibre and HA reinforced composites have almost the same compressive strength. Nonreinforced material undergoes greater degree of swelling. Among the reinforced materials, the hydroxyapatite reinforced composite has a much higher swelling percentage than the fibre reinforced one. The studies on in vitro degradation of the cured materials reveal hydrolytic degradation in Ringer's solution and PBS medium during aging. All the three materials are found to swell initially in Ringer's solution and PBS medium during aging and then undergo gradual degradation. Compression properties of these cross-linked composites increase with aging; HA reinforced composite has the highest compressive strength and compressive modulus, whereas the aged fibre-reinforced composite has the least compressive strength and modulus.
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Ku, H. S., E. Siores, J. A. R. Ball, A. Taube, and F. Siu. "Lap shear strength comparison between different random glass fibre reinforced thermoplastic matrix composites bonded by adhesives using variable-frequency microwave irradiation." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications 217, no. 1 (2003): 65–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/146442070321700108.
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This paper compares the lap shear strengths of three types of random glass fibre reinforced thermoplastic matrix composite joined by adhesives using microwave energy. Variable-frequency microwave (VFM) (2-18 GHz) facilities are used to join 33 wt % random glass fibre reinforced low-density polyethylene composite [LDPE/GF (33%)], 33 wt % random glass fibre reinforced polystyrene composite [PS/GF (33%)] and 33 wt % random glass fibre reinforced nylon 66 composite [nylon 66/GF (33%)]. With a given power level, the composites were exposed for various times to microwave irradiation. The primer or coupling agent used was a 5 min two-part adhesive.
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János, Líska, and Kodácsy János. "Drilling of Glass Fibre Reinforced Plastic." Advanced Materials Research 472-475 (February 2012): 958–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.472-475.958.
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Nowadays composite materials are used in many industrial areas. The main application of these is the aircraft industry. Problematic points with machining of composite materials are tool wear, tool life, delamination and temperature during machining of polymer composite materials. Paper focuses on investigation of delamination at drilling of glass fibre reinforced composites. Experiments were planned on the base so called design of experiment - DOE. We observed the evolution of delamination at investigations, when we combined 4 different variables (vc, fz, tool, cooling system). We investigated the evolution of force relations, torques, dimensional and shape accuracy, considering on delamination. We processed results statistically, for processing we used software MINITAB and MATLAB. We summarized results in tables and graphs.
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D'Antino, Tommaso, Jaime Gonzalez, Carlo Pellegrino, Christian Carloni, and Lesley H. Sneed. "Experimental Investigation of Glass and Carbon FRCM Composite Materials Applied onto Concrete Supports." Applied Mechanics and Materials 847 (July 2016): 60–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.847.60.
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In recent decades the growing need for strengthening and retrofitting existing structures has led to the development of innovative strengthening materials. Fibre reinforced composites have been shown to be an effective strengthening solution for flexural and shear strengthening and for confinement of axially/eccentrically loaded elements. Fibre Reinforced Cementitious Matrix (FRCM) composites, comprised of high-strength fibres and an inorganic matrix, are a newly-developed type of composite that has better resistance to high temperature and compatibility with the substrate than traditional fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) composites. This paper investigates the behaviour of FRCM composites comprised of a glass or carbon fibre net tested using single-lap direct-shear tests. Observations regarding the load response and failure mode of FRCM-concrete joints with different geometrical and mechanical characteristics are provided.
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Bello, T. K., M. O. Oladipo, A. Idris, F. B. Beka, U. P. Unachukwu, and A. Bukar. "Production of Reinforced Polyester Composite from Okra Fibre and Sawdust." Nigerian Journal of Technological Development 18, no. 4 (2022): 288–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njtd.v18i4.4.
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This research presents properties of okra and sawdust reinforced polyester composite. The compatibility of the simple woven okra and sawdust with polyester was enhanced with stearic acid treatment. FTIR analysis confirmed decrease in hydrophilicity of the fibre and dust. Six composite samples; pure polyester, sawdust reinforced polyester composite, okra reinforced polyester composite, 10% sawdust in okra fibre reinforced composite, 20% sawdust in okra fibre reinforced composite and 30% sawdust in okra fibre reinforced composites were fabricated and characterized. The morphological analysis showed that the homogeneity of polyester in the samples reduces with increase in sawdust filler (10-30 wt%). Water absorption was highest (1.6%) in 30% sawdust in okra. The densities of all the composites were between 3.5 – 4.5 kg/m3. The sawdust reinforced composite recorded low impact energy of 0.25 J while the woven okra fibre reinforced polyester recorded the highest impact energy of 9.9 J. Hardness property reduced as the biomass content increased. Unreinforced polyester recorded the highest average elongation of 25% (1400 µm) and reduced elongation as filler increased. The storage modulus was highest for unreinforced composite at 40oC but as the temperature reached 81oC the storage modulus of unreinforced polyester dropped lower than the sawdust composite. The damping factor (1.41) was highest for 20 wt% sawdust/okra polyester composite. This research concludes that sawdust and okra are suitable for lightweight and energy damping materials in automobile applications.
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Prasad, Lalta, Shiv Kumar, Raj Vardhan Patel, Anshul Yadav, Virendra Kumar, and Jerzy Winczek. "Physical and Mechanical Behaviour of Sugarcane Bagasse Fibre-Reinforced Epoxy Bio-Composites." Materials 13, no. 23 (2020): 5387. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13235387.
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In this study, experiments are performed to study the physical and mechanical behaviour of chemically-treated sugarcane bagasse fibre-reinforced epoxy composite. The effect of alkali treatment, fibre varieties, and fibre lengths on physical and mechanical properties of the composites is studied. To study the morphology of the fractured composites, scanning electron microscopy is performed over fractured composite surfaces. The study found that the variety and lengths of fibres significantly influence the physical and mechanical properties of the sugarcane bagasse-reinforced composites. From the wear study, it is found that the composite fabricated from smaller fibre lengths show low wear. The chemically-treated bagasse-reinforced composites fabricated in this study show good physical and mechanical properties and are, therefore, proposed for use in applications in place of conventional natural fibres.
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Carbas, Ricardo J. C., Miguel P. Palmares, and Lucas F. M. da Silva. "Experimental and FE study of hybrid laminates aluminium carbon-fibre joints with different lay-up configurations." Manufacturing Review 7 (2020): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/mfreview/2019027.
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The use of composite materials in industry is growing due to various technological advances in composite materials accompanied by improvements in the structural adhesives used to bond them. Fibre metal laminates (FML's) are hybrid composite structures based on thin sheets of metal alloys and plies of fibre-reinforced polymeric materials. The fibre/metal composite technology combines the advantages of metallic materials and fibre-reinforced matrix systems. The aim of the present study is to use a concept similar to that used in FML to increase the peel strength of composite materials and increase the joint strength of hybrid laminates aluminium carbon-fibre adhesive joints. Carbon fibre-reinforced plastic (CFRP) composites were modified by including one or several aluminium sheets during the laminate manufacture to enhance the composite through the thickness properties. The objective was to identify the joint configuration that gives the best joint strength improvement in relation to the CFRP only reference joint. An adhesive developed for the aeronautical industry was used to manufacture single lap joints for tensile testing. Experimental and numerical studies were undertaken on modified CFRP joints to investigate the joint strength of different lay-up solutions to prevent delamination of adherends.
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Lundahl, Anna, Raul Manuel Esteves Sousa Fangueiro, Hélder Filipe da Cunha Soutinho, and Fernando M. Duarte. "Waste Fibre Reinforced Ecocomposites." Materials Science Forum 636-637 (January 2010): 1415–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.636-637.1415.
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With a significant production of waste fibrous material, textile companies are now looking for applications where waste materials could be an added-value material. One viable application of these waste materials is in the combination with polymeric matrices, producing composite materials with interesting properties for specific applications, from furniture to thermal and acoustic insulations. The aim of this work was to study the physical and mechanical properties of waste fibre reinforced composites and the influence of different parameters on their mechanical behaviour. Results show that a wide range of different properties and performances may be designed by altering various production parameters, such as thickness of the nonwovens used, time and temperature of the compression moulding, relationship between fibre/matrix ratio, polymeric film used and number of layers.
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González-Estrada, Octavio Andrés, Germán Díaz, and Jabid E. Quiroga Mendez. "Mechanical Response and Damage of Woven Composite Materials Reinforced with Fique." Key Engineering Materials 774 (August 2018): 143–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.774.143.
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In this paper, we present the experimental and numerical modelling for the mechanical behaviour of woven composites reinforced with fique (furcraeaselloa) fibre, for different fique fibre woven configurations embed in an R744 epoxy matrix. The woven configurations are taken from commercial models and their mechanical properties validated by experimental data. We perform experimental tests using ASTM D3039 for the tensile response. We obtain values for Young’s modulus, ultimate strength, and deformation of unidirectional and woven reinforced composites. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is used for the fractographic analysis of the reinforced specimens. For the numerical model of the woven composite, we use the Texgen software to define the finite element voxel model and to estimate orthotropic mechanical parameters. Then, we determine the equivalent elastic properties of the composite, according to the materials and the fibre-matrix relations. We compare and validate the numerical results with the experimental data. We obtain stress and strain fields for the yarns and the matrix. The objective of this work is to establish a baseline of the mechanical behaviour of these natural reinforced composites to propose applications for structural engineering.
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Prokeš, Jan. "Fibre Reinforced Polymer Rebar." Advanced Materials Research 1124 (September 2015): 89–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1124.89.
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The paper is focused on the use of advanced composite materials in the real application areas of buildings exposed to extreme environmental stress. The paper describe properties of composite rebar, especially with regards to long-term resistance to chemical and corrosion attack, minimization of heat transfer or resistance in construction with reduced concrete cover. The paper also presents behavior of composite rebar and concrete samples with composite reinforcement during loading and fire tests.
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Sumithra, H., and B. Sidda Reddy. "A review on tribological behaviour of natural reinforced composites." Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites 37, no. 5 (2017): 349–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0731684417747742.
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In the past, asbestos and copper were preferred as friction materials because they have good ability to dissipate heat, but have proven to be harmful to environment. Recently, more researches are focused on non-asbestos friction composite materials due to its non-toxicity and biodegradability. Despite synthetic fibre composites having eco-friendly nature, because of its cost and pollution most of the researchers show interest on natural fibre composites. Hence, there is a need to explore the analysis on the tribologicaal behaviour of composite materials. The aim of this review is to provide overview of literature survey on the tribological characteristics such as friction, wear and lubrication of both particulate reinforced composites and fibre reinforced composites. In addition, operating and material parameters that influence tribological behaviour are also explored. Results reveal that operating parameters like normal load, sliding velocity, sliding distance, temperature and material parameters like particle size, volume fraction, fibre orientation, fibre length, surface treatment and aspect ratio have a significant effect on tribo characteristics.
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Caggiano, Alessandra. "Machining of Fibre Reinforced Plastic Composite Materials." Materials 11, no. 3 (2018): 442. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11030442.
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Iernutan, Razvan Andrei, Florin Babota, and Raluca Istoan. "Carbon Fibre Reinforced Aluminium Mesh Composite Materials." Procedia Manufacturing 32 (2019): 901–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2019.02.301.
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Nakamura, T., H. Tanaka, Y. Kawamura, and K. Wakabayashi. "Translucency of glass-fibre-reinforced composite materials." Journal of Oral Rehabilitation 31, no. 8 (2004): 817–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2842.2004.01296.x.
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Yin, X. W., L. F. Cheng, L. T. Zhang, N. Travitzky, and P. Greil. "Fibre-reinforced multifunctional SiC matrix composite materials." International Materials Reviews 62, no. 3 (2016): 117–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09506608.2016.1213939.
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Lv, Qingfang, Yi Ding, and Ye Liu. "Study of the bond behaviour between basalt fibre-reinforced polymer bar/sheet and bamboo engineering materials." Advances in Structural Engineering 22, no. 14 (2019): 3121–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433219858725.
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To improve practical application of modern bamboo structures, strengthening the bamboo engineering material is necessary to overcome insufficient stiffness. As an essential step in developing fibre-reinforced polymer–bamboo engineering material composite structures aimed at increasing the structural stiffness, the bonding behaviour at the interface of the fibre-reinforced polymer and bamboo engineering materials should be investigated in detail because currently there is a lack of research. In this article, bonding behaviour is studied between basalt fibre-reinforced polymer bar and bamboo engineering material including laminated and reconstituted bamboo and between basalt fibre-reinforced polymer sheets and laminated bamboo. Failure patterns are categorized, and the load–slip curves are discussed. Based on the failure pattern and strain variation, recommended bond lengths were proposed for the basalt fibre-reinforced polymer bar–bamboo engineering material and basalt fibre-reinforced polymer sheet–laminated bamboo composite specimens, respectively. In addition, a simplified three-phase bond–slip model was proposed for the basalt fibre-reinforced polymer bar–bamboo engineering material composite specimen.
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Al Bakri Abdullah, Mohd Mustafa, Ahmad Mohd Izzat, M. T. Muhammad Faheem, et al. "Feasibility of Producing Wood Fibre-Reinforced Geopolymer Composites (WFRGC)." Advanced Materials Research 626 (December 2012): 918–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.626.918.
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Wood fibres have long been known as a fibre reinforcement for concrete. Due to its availability and low production cost, this natural fibre has been used in less developed country where conventional construction materials were very expensive. In Japan, the production of these types of composites such as high performance fibre-reinforced cement-based composite (HPFRCB), ultra high performance (UHPFRCB) and strain-hardening (SHCC) fibre-reinforced cement-based composite has been developed rapidly in last decades. Geopolymer, future composite and cement produced by the alkali-activation reaction is well known as a potential replacement to Ordinary Portland Cement. This study aims at studying the possibility to produce wood fibre-reinforced geopolymer composite (WFRGC). The various percentage of fibre have been made from 10% to 50% and cured at 60C, tested for compressive strength for 7th and 14th day and the microstructure examined using SEM. The density and water absorption test have been performed. The results showed are encouraging and indicate the feasibility of producing a wood fibre-reinforced geopolymer composite (WFRGC).
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Kumar, Sanjeev, Lalta Prasad, Vinay Kumar Patel, et al. "Physical and Mechanical Properties of Natural Leaf Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Polyester Composites." Polymers 13, no. 9 (2021): 1369. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13091369.
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In recent times, demand for light weight and high strength materials fabricated from natural fibres has increased tremendously. The use of natural fibres has rapidly increased due to their high availability, low density, and renewable capability over synthetic fibre. Natural leaf fibres are easy to extract from the plant (retting process is easy), which offers high stiffness, less energy consumption, less health risk, environment friendly, and better insulation property than the synthetic fibre-based composite. Natural leaf fibre composites have low machining wear with low cost and excellent performance in engineering applications, and hence established as superior reinforcing materials compared to other plant fibres. In this review, the physical and mechanical properties of different natural leaf fibre-based composites are addressed. The influences of fibre loading and fibre length on mechanical properties are discussed for different matrices-based composite materials. The surface modifications of natural fibre also play a crucial role in improving physical and mechanical properties regarding composite materials due to improved fibre/matrix adhesion. Additionally, the present review also deals with the effect of silane-treated leaf fibre-reinforced thermoset composite, which play an important role in enhancing the mechanical and physical properties of the composites.
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McKenna, J. K., and M. A. Erki. "Strengthening of reinforced concrete flexural members using externally applied steel plates and fibre composite sheets — a survey." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 21, no. 1 (1994): 16–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l94-002.
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In Canada, as in many other parts of the world, the deterioration of reinforced and prestressed concrete bridges and parking garage structures has reached alarming proportions. Many of these structures face very expensive rehabilitation work or outright replacement. Although strengthening reinforced concrete structures using externally bonded or bolted steel plates is a technology that is not widely known in North America, a number of structures in Europe, Australia, and South America have been rehabilitated using this method. The weight of the steel plates, which makes them difficult to handle in the field, and their susceptibility to corrosion have led to research into the possibility of replacing steel plates with high strength fibre composite sheets. Fibre reinforced composite sheets are composed of carbon, glass, or aramid fibres, bound by a resin epoxy. In addition to being light in weight, these materials do not corrode. Very recently, a few bridges have been repaired in Europe using carbon fibre and glass fibre reinforced plastic sheets. This paper reviews the case studies and research pertaining to the use of steel plates and fibre composite sheets to strengthen and repair reinforced concrete flexural members. Key words: rehabilitation, strengthening, advanced composite materials, fibre reinforced composites, bonding.
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Zhu, Chenkai, Jingjing Li, Mandy Clement, Xiaosu Yi, Chris Rudd, and Xiaoling Liu. "The effect of intumescent mat on post-fire performance of carbon fibre reinforced composites." Journal of Fire Sciences 37, no. 3 (2019): 257–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734904119849395.
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This study investigated the effect of intumescent mats (M1 and M2) with different compositions on the post-fire performance of carbon fibre reinforced composites. The sandwich structure was designed for composites where M1 (carbon fibre reinforced composite-M1) or M2 (carbon fibre reinforced composite-M2) mats were covered on the composite surface. A significant reduction in the peak heat release rate and total heat release was observed from the cone calorimetric data, and carbon fibre reinforced composite-M1 showed the lowest value of 148 kW/m2 and 29 MJ/m2 for peak heat release rate and total heat release, respectively. In addition, a minor influence on mechanical properties was observed due to the variation of composite thickness and resin volume in the composite. The post-fire properties of composite were characterised, and the M1 mat presented better retention of flexural strength and modulus. The feasibility of two-layer model was confirmed to predict the post-fire performance of composites and reduce the reliance on the large amounts of empirical data.
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Vigneshwaran, G. Veerakumar, Iyyadurai Jenish, and Rajeshwaran Sivasubramanian. "Design, Fabrication and Experimental Analysis of Pandanus Fibre Reinforced Polyester Composite." Advanced Materials Research 984-985 (July 2014): 253–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.984-985.253.
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Due to the light weight, high strength to weight ratio, corrosion resistance and other advantages, natural fibre based composites are becoming important composite materials in mechanical engineering fields. The current project emphasizes the newly identified Pandanus Fibre (Pandanus Fascicularis) which is extracted from the stem of screw pine tree by the manual water treatment process. The mechanical properties of chopped Pandanus fibre by Polyester composites are investigated and compared with the similar natural fibres in the fibre reinforced composite material field. The composite plates were fabricated with raw pandanus fibres by compression moulding method with varying weight percentage and lengths of fibre.
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Marks, Lena, and Gerhard Ziegmann. "Composite Design and Technology." Key Engineering Materials 425 (January 2010): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.425.1.
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In recent years fibre reinforced plastics play a constantly improving role in a growing field of applications. From the chemical industry through sports equipments up to aircraft production - composites can be used in all these industrial areas. Although materials like glass fibre reinforced or carbon fibre reinforced plastics have a lot of applications in structural parts the knowledge about dimensioning and processing techniques is not exploited for the design of composite structures. If the parts and structures are not built for high performance applications such as in aircrafts, often principles and theories based on metal design are used to design the parts. In this article the basics of structural mechanics for composite materials are presented. An overview about how to work with anisotropic material in design as well as in processing is given and the most important CAE tools for composite design are shortly presented.
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Edafiadhe, E. D., and N. E. Nwanze. "A comparative study on the tensile properties and environmental suitability of glass fibre/raffia palm/plantain fibres hybridized epoxy bio-composites." Journal of Engineering Innovations and Applications 1, no. 2 (2022): 32–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31248/jeia2022.023.
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Bio-composites have been widely introduced as sustainable alternative engineering materials, due to their environmental friendliness. The aim of this study was to assess the variations in the mechanical and biodegradation behaviours of natural fibres (raffia palm and plantain fibres) reinforced composites, and compared them to artificial fibres composites. Bio-composite samples produced through hybridization of glass fibre, plantain fibre and raffia palm fibre, were tested (mechanical and biodegradability tests) in accordance with ASTM International accepted procedures. The biodegradability results indicated that, the tensile strength and tensile elongation for all composites decreased non-linearly during the 28 days of soil treatment. Also, it was observed that the mechanical properties of the natural fibres reinforced bio-composites declined faster, when compared to the synthetic fibre reinforced composite. The bio-composite produced solely with natural fibres (PFRF) had the highest tensile strength reduction rate (43.86%), while the composite produced with solely synthetic fibre (glass fibre) had the minimum tensile strength declining rate (2.18%), at the end of the soil treatment. Regarding the tensile elongation, the PFRF bio-composite had the highest decrement (89.98%), when compared to the 53.28 and 45.92% recorded in the CFPF and CFRF reinforced bio-composites, respectively. With respect to weight loss, it was observed that the weight loss was gradual during the initial period of the soil treatment. However, the bio-composite with the two natural fibres (PFRF) exhibited more pronounced weight loss (46.4%); while the sample with the synthesized fibre (CF) exhibited more resistance to biodegradation (6.23% weight loss). The study results demonstrated that plantain fibre and raffia fibre are environmentally friendly, and composites produced from them developed appreciable tensile properties; hence, they can be used to produce composite for automobile parts.
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Zaghloul, Mahmoud Yousry, Moustafa Mahmoud Yousry Zaghloul, and Mai Mahmoud Yousry Zaghloul. "Influence of Stress Level and Fibre Volume Fraction on Fatigue Performance of Glass Fibre-Reinforced Polyester Composites." Polymers 14, no. 13 (2022): 2662. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14132662.
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Fibre-reinforced polymeric composite materials are becoming substantial and convenient materials in the repair and replacement of traditional metallic materials due to their high stiffness. The composites undergo different types of fatigue loads during their service life. The drive to enhance the design methodologies and predictive models of fibre-reinforced polymeric composite materials subjected to fatigue stresses is reliant on more precise and reliable techniques for assessing their fatigue life. The influences of fibre volume fraction and stress level on the fatigue performance of glass fibre-reinforced polyester (GFRP) composite materials have been studied in the tension–tension fatigue scenario. The fibre volume fractions for this investigation were set to: 20%, 35%, and 50%. The tensile testing of specimens was performed using a universal testing machine and the Young’s modulus was validated with four different prediction models. In order to identify the modes of failure as well as the fatigue life of composites, polyester-based GFRP specimens were evaluated at five stress levels which were 75%, 65%, 50%, 40%, and 25% of the maximum tensile stress until either a fracture occurred or five million fatigue cycles was reached. The experimental results showed that glass fibre-reinforced polyester samples had a pure tension failure at high applied stress levels, while at low stress levels the failure mode was governed by stress levels. Finally, the experimental results of GFRP composite samples with different volume fractions were utilized for model validation and comparison, which showed that the proposed framework yields acceptable correlations of predicted fatigue lives in tension–tension fatigue regimes with experimental ones.
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Feng, Ng Lin, Sivakumar DharMalingam, Kamarul Ariffin Zakaria, and Mohd Zulkefli Selamat. "Investigation on the fatigue life characteristic of kenaf/glass woven-ply reinforced metal sandwich materials." Journal of Sandwich Structures & Materials 21, no. 7 (2017): 2440–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1099636217729910.
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Fatigue life characteristic of hybrid composite reinforced metal laminate is a notable investigation since this kind of material offers several superior characteristics over conventional metallic alloy. A majority of the researches have focused on the mechanical properties of hybrid composite and conventional fibre metal laminate such as glass reinforced aluminium epoxy and aramid fibre reinforced aluminium laminate. However, investigation on the fatigue life behaviour of hybrid composite reinforced metal laminate still remains unexplored. In this study, the fatigue life characteristic of hybrid kenaf/glass reinforced metal laminate with different fibre configurations, orientation and stress ratio was presented. Fibre metal laminate was manufactured through hot press moulding compression method using annealed aluminium 5052 as the skin layers and the composite laminate as the core constituent. Tensile test was conducted at a quasi-static rate in accordance with ASTM E8 while tension–tension fatigue test was conducted at force controlled constant amplitude according to ASTM E466. Experimental results revealed that fibre metal laminate with 0°/90° fibre orientation exhibited better tensile and fatigue properties compared to fibre metal laminate with ±45° fibre orientation regardless of the woven-ply fibre configurations. Besides that, it was identified that higher stress ratio improves the fatigue life cycle of the fibre metal laminate structures.
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Prakash, M., and PVS Dileep Aditya Dhar. "Investigation on the effect of drilling parameters on the tool wear and delamination of glass fibre-reinforced polymer composite using vibration signal analysis." Journal of Composite Materials 52, no. 12 (2017): 1641–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998317728109.
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Glass fibre-reinforced polymer composite materials are widely used in industrial, aerospace and automotive sector. It has excellent properties such as high strength to weight ratio, higher fatigue limit, high stiffness to weight ratio, corrosion resistance and design flexibility. The strength of the composite highly depends upon orientation of the fibre material. Drilling is one of the major machining operations that are carried out on Glass fibre-reinforced polymer composite materials to the need for components assembly. There are many problems encountered while drilling glass fibre-reinforced polymer composites. The major problems are excessive tool wear and delamination of the composite during drilling, which reduce the strength of the composite during application. In the present study, the experimental investigations are carried out to analyse the effect of various machining parameters, i.e. cutting speed and feed rate on the tool wear and delamination. The time and frequency domain analysis of vibration signals measured using sound sensor is also used to predict the effect of machining parameters on delamination as well as to develop the tool replacement strategy.
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Mbeche, Silas M., Paul M. Wambua, and David N. Githinji. "Mechanical Properties of Sisal/Cattail Hybrid-Reinforced Polyester Composites." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2020 (March 30, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6290480.
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Due to environmental and energy conservation concerns, a thrust towards low-cost lightweight materials has resulted in renewed interest in the development of sustainable materials that can replace nonbiodegradable and environmentally unfriendly materials in reinforced composites. In this study, mechanical properties of a hybrid composite consisting of polyester resin reinforced with a blend of sisal and cattail fibres were evaluated. The composite was fabricated using a hand lay-up technique at varying hybrid fibre weight fractions (5 to 25 wt%) while maintaining a constant fibre blend ratio of 50/50. Composites were also prepared at a constant fibre weight fraction of 20% while varying the fibre blend ratio between 0 and 100%. Fabricated composites were then characterised in terms of flexural, tensile, compressive, and impact strengths following ASTM and ISO standards. Results showed that, at a constant fibre blend ratio of 50/50, there was increase in the mechanical properties as the fibre weight fraction increased from 5 to 20%. At a constant fibre weight fraction (20%), a positive improvement in flexural, tensile, and compressive properties was registered as the fibre blend ratio varied between 0 and 75% with optimal values at a sisal/cattail ratio of 75/25. The current study suggests that blending sisal and cattail fibres for production of polyester composites yields hybrid composites with enhanced mechanical properties.
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Anbupalani, Manju Sri, Chitra Devi Venkatachalam, and Rajasekar Rathanasamy. "Influence of coupling agent on altering the reinforcing efficiency of natural fibre-incorporated polymers – A review." Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites 39, no. 13-14 (2020): 520–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0731684420918937.
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Natural fibre-reinforced polymer composites are increasingly replacing commercial composite materials. The limitations of conventional composites materials are overcome by green composites, which are easily available, more eco-friendly and less toxic. In the current scenario, green composites are emerging in the field of material science that involves improving their physical, mechanical and thermal properties. The poor interfacial adhesion and surface incompatibility between natural fibre and biodegradable polymers lead to reduced physico-mechanical properties. In order to overcome this issue, physical and chemical modification methodologies of the natural fibre and polymer matrix are employed, among which the addition of coupling agents has a critical contribution. This paper compiles several recent research works in the utilization of coupling agents such as silane, maleic anhydride, isocyanate, triazine, etc., with the various combinations of natural fibres and polymers. In addition to this, the extents of influence of coupling agents on the characteristics of the natural fibre reinforced composite materials are also reported. This gives an overview for the future researchers to identify the gap in the field of green composite materials and novel coupling agents for different natural fibre/polymer matrix combination.
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M. Haameem, J. A., M. S. Abdul Majid, E. A. H. Engku Ubaidillah, Mohd Afendi, R. Daud, and N. A. M. Amin. "Tensile Strength of Untreated Napier Grass Fibre Reinforced Unsaturated Polyester Composites." Applied Mechanics and Materials 554 (June 2014): 189–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.554.189.
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This paper describes the experimental investigation of the tensile strength of untreated Napier grass fibre reinforced polyester composites. Napier grass fibres were extracted trough conventional water retting process and used as reinforcing materials in the polyester composite laminates. Tensile tests were then conducted for the composite specimens from the laminates at 25% fibre loading using the electronic extensometer setup to obtain the tensile properties. The results show significant differences in tensile strength between random short fibres laminates and random long fibre laminates with the long fibres yield almost 45 % higher in the strength. The laminates also show higher maximum strength compared to other commonly available natural fibre composites with over 70 % increase in the maximum strength compared to the short kenaf fibre reinforced composites.
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Karthikeyan, S. "Influence of fibre loading and surface treatment on the impact strength of coir polyester composites." Archives of Materials Science and Engineering 1, no. 107 (2021): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.8190.
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Purpose: In this work, coir fibre with varying fibre content was selected as reinforcements to prepare polymer-based matrices and the problem of reduced fibre-matrix interfacial bond strength has been diluted by chemical treatment of coir fibres with alkali solution. Design/methodology/approach: The effect of fibre loading, solution concentration and soaking time on the impact strength of the composites were analyzed using statistical techniques. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) approach was used to model and optimize the impact properties of coir-polyester composites. Findings: The impact strength of coir fibre reinforced polyester composite depends mainly on the fabrication parameters such as fibre-polyester content, soaking time, concentration of soaking agent and adhesive interaction between the fibre and reinforcement. Research limitations/implications: The mechanical properties of any coir polyester composite depend on the nature bonding between the fibre and reinforcement. The presence of cellulose, lignin on the periphery of any natural fibre reduces the bonding strength of the composite. This limitation is overcome by fibre treatment over sodium hydroxide to have better impact properties. Practical implications: Now days, natural fibre reinforced composites are capable of replacing automotive parts, subjected to static loads such as engine Guard, light doom, name plate, tool box and front panels etc. These materials can withstand any static load due to its higher strength to weight ratios. Originality/value: The effect of fibre loading, solution concentration and soaking time on the impact strength of the composites were analyzed using statistical techniques. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) approach was used to model and optimize the impact properties of coir-polyester composites. The impact strength of NaOH impregnated coir fibre reinforced polyester composites was evaluated.
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Pinto, Rochele, Gediminas Monastyreckis, Hamza Mahmoud Aboelanin, Vladimir Spacek, and Daiva Zeleniakiene. "Mechanical properties of carbon fibre reinforced composites modified with star-shaped butyl methacrylate." Journal of Composite Materials 56, no. 6 (2022): 951–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00219983211065206.
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This article presents the possibility of strength improvement and energy absorption of carbon fibre reinforced polymer composites by matrix modification. In this study, the mechanical properties of bisphenol-A epoxy matrix and carbon fibre reinforced polymer composites were modified with four different wt.% of star-shaped polymer n-butyl methacrylate (P n-BMA) block glycidyl methacrylate (PGMA). The tensile strength of the epoxy with 1 wt.% star-shaped polymer showed 128% increase in comparison to unmodified epoxy samples. Two different wt.% were then used for the modification of carbon fibre-reinforced polymer composite samples. Tensile tests and low-velocity impact tests were conducted for characterising modified samples. Tensile test results performed showed a slight improvement in the tensile strength and modulus of the composite. Low-velocity impact tests showed that addition of 1 wt.% star-shaped polymer additives increase composite energy absorption by 53.85%, compared to pure epoxy composite specimens. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of post-impact specimens displays fracture modes and bonding between the matrix and fibre in the composites. These results demonstrate the potential of a novel star-shaped polymer as an additive material for automotive composite parts, where energy absorption is significant.
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Hojo, H., H. Yaguchi, T. Onodera, and E. G. Kim. "Simulation of Compression Molding with Matrix-Fibre Separation and Fibre Orientation for Long Fibre-Reinforced Thermoplastics**." International Polymer Processing 3, no. 1 (1988): 54–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ipp-1988-0005.
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Abstract A model is presented which can be used to predict the flow under consideration of fibre-matrix separation and fibre orientation during sheet-like parts compression molding of long fibre-reinforced thermoplastics for isothermal state. During a molding, fibre content and fibre orientation distributions are calculated from the separation and orientation equations, and the viscosity of composites is expressed as a function of fibre content and fibre orientation. Based on the viscosity, the model was developed using the finite element method, and random and unidirectional reinforced composites are simulated. By comparing the theory with experimental results, the model accurately predicts mold filling patterns for the composite materials.
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Jena, Hemalata, and Abinash Panigrahi. "The effect of clam shell powder on kinetics of water absorption of jute epoxy composite." World Journal of Engineering 18, no. 5 (2021): 684–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/wje-08-2020-0334.
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Purpose Here, attempts have been made to explore the possible use of Marine waste as filler materials into the bio-fibre composites. Clam shell is a type of marine waste which belongs to the class of Bivalvia. It is mainly made of aragonite crystalline polymorphs. This paper aims to develop a new class of natural fibre composite in which jute fibre as reinforcement, epoxy as matrix and clam shell, as particulate microsphere filler. The study investigates the effects of different amounts of clam shell powder on the kinetics of water absorption of jute fibre-reinforced epoxy composite. Two different environmental conditions at room temperature, i.e. distilled water and seawater, are collected for this purpose. Moisture absorption reduces when clam shell is added to the jute-epoxy composite. The curve of water absorption of jute-epoxy composites with filler loading at both environmental conditions follows as Fickian behaviour. Design/methodology/approach Hand lay-up technique to fabricate the composite – Experimental observation Findings The incorporation of Clam shell filler in jute epoxy composite modified the water absorption property of the composite. Hence the present marine waste is an potential filler in jute fibre reinforced polymer composite. Originality/value The paper demonstrates a new class hybrid composite material which uses a marine waste as important phase in the bio-fibre-reinforced composite. It is a new work submitted for original research paper.
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Gietl, H., A. v. Müller, JW Coenen, et al. "Textile preforms for tungsten fibre-reinforced composites." Journal of Composite Materials 52, no. 28 (2018): 3875–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998318771149.
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Demanding high heat flux applications, as for example plasma-facing components of future nuclear fusion devices, ask for the development of advanced materials. For such components, copper alloys are currently regarded as heat sink materials while monolithic tungsten is foreseen as directly plasma-facing material. However, the combination of these materials in one component is problematic since they exhibit different thermomechanical characteristics and their optimum operating temperatures do not overlap. In this context, an improvement can be achieved by applying composite materials that make use of drawn tungsten fibres as reinforcement. For the manufacturing processes of these composites, suitable tungsten fibre preform production methods are needed. In the following, we will show that tungsten fibres can be processed to suitable preforms by means of well-established textile techniques as studies regarding the production of planar weavings (wire distances of 90–271 µm), circular braidings (multilayered braidings with braiding angle of 60° and 12°) as well as multifilamentary yarns (15 tungsten filaments with 16 µm diameter) are presented. With such different textile preforms tungsten fibre-reinforced tungsten (W f/W) with a density of over 99% and pore-free tungsten fibre-reinforced copper W f/Cu composites were produced which proves their applicability with respect to a composite material production processes.
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Hernández-Díaz, David, Ricardo Villar-Ribera, Ferran Serra-Parareda, et al. "Technical and Environmental Viability of a Road Bicycle Pedal Part Made of a Fully Bio-Based Composite Material." Materials 14, no. 6 (2021): 1399. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14061399.
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Glass fibre is the most widely used material for reinforcing thermoplastic matrices presently and its use continues to grow. A significant disadvantage of glass fibre, however, is its impact on the environment, in particular, due to the fact that glass fibre-reinforced composite materials are difficult to recycle. Polyamide 6 is an engineering plastic frequently used as a matrix for high-mechanical performance composites. Producing polyamide monomer requires the use of a large amount of energy and can also pose harmful environmental impacts. Consequently, glass fibre-reinforced Polyamide 6 composites cannot be considered environmentally friendly. In this work, we assessed the performance of a road cycling pedal body consisting of a composite of natural Polyamide 11 reinforced with lignocellulosic fibres from stone-ground wood, as an alternative to the conventional glass fibre-reinforced Polyamide 6 composite (the most common material used for recreational purposes). We developed a 3D model of a pedal with a geometry based on a combination of two existing commercial choices and used it to perform three finite-element tests in order to assess its strength under highly demanding static and cyclic conditions. A supplementary life cycle analysis of the pedal was also performed to determine the ecological impact. Based on the results of the simulation tests, the pedal is considered to be mechanically viable and has a significantly lower environmental impact than fully synthetic composites.
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Xiao, Jie, Han Shi, Lei Tao, et al. "Effect of Fibres on the Failure Mechanism of Composite Tubes under Low-Velocity Impact." Materials 13, no. 18 (2020): 4143. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13184143.
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Filament-wound composite tubular structures are frequently used in transmission systems, pressure vessels, and sports equipment. In this study, the failure mechanism of composite tubes reinforced with different fibres under low-velocity impact (LVI) and the radial residual compression performance of the impacted composite tubes were investigated. Four fibres, including carbon fiber-T800, carbon fiber-T700, basalt fibre, and glass fibre, were used to fabricate the composite tubes by the winding process. The internal matrix/fibre interface of the composite tubes before the LVI and their failure mechanism after the LVI were investigated by scanning electric microscopy and X-ray micro-computed tomography, respectively. The results showed that the composite tubes mainly fractured through the delamination and fibre breakage damage under the impact of 15 J energy. Delamination and localized fibre breakage occur in the glass fibre-reinforced composite (GFRP) and basalt fibre-reinforced composite (BFRP) tubes when subjected to LVI. While fibre breakage damage occurs globally in the carbon fibre-reinforced composite (CFRP) tubes. The GFRP tube showed the best impact resistance among all the tubes investigated. The basalt fibre-reinforced composite (BFRP) tube exhibited the lowest structural impact resistance. The impact resistance of the CFRP-T700 and CFRP-T800 tube differed slightly. The radial residual compression strength (R-RCS) of the BFRP tube is not sensitive to the impact, while that of the GFRP tube is shown to be highly sensitive to the impact.
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Bere, Paul, Adrian Popescu, and Liana Livia Hancu. "Experimental Research Regarding the Tensile Strength of some Reinforced Composite Materials." Applied Mechanics and Materials 808 (November 2015): 131–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.808.131.
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The fiber-reinforced polymer composites are of great scientific and technical interest and a very impressive development. This justifies both the development of the research in this area, and the extension of the production of such materials.This paper presents research regarding three different composite materials, plates of carbon fibre, glass fiber and Kevlar in epoxy matrix. The mechanical characteristics of plates made of composite materials (CM) reinforced are presented. Based on the results, a comparative study between the reinforced materials used to manufacture the plates of CM is carried out.
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Ojha, Somanath, Himanshu Bisaria, Smita Mohanty, and Krishnan Kanny. "Static and dynamic mechanical analysis of e-glass polyester composite used in mass transit system." Emerging Materials Research 12, no. 1 (2023): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/jemmr.22.00092.
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Composite materials have distinct properties such as a high strength-to-weight ratio, high corrosion resistance, a high modulus-to-weight ratio, and wear resistance. The potential, strong mechanical properties and lower cost properties of E-glass fibre motivated us for this work. Tensile, flexural, and Izod impact tests were used in the current study to conduct a static analysis of E-glass reinforced isophthalic polyester composite and E-glass reinforced general purpose (GP) or orthophthalic polyester composite. Thermal-mechanical behaviour was investigated using thermogravimetric analysis and dynamic mechanical analysis tests. Furthermore, the surface morphology of the tested composites was examined using a scanning electron microscope. When compared to E-glass reinforced GP polyester composite, E-glass/isophthalic polyester composite demonstrated superior flexural properties and thermal stability. However, the tensile and impact properties of E-glass/GP polyester composite were found to be higher than those of E-glass/isophthalic polyester composite. SEM images show fibre pull-out, matrix cracking, and fibre breakage, among other things. The loss modulus and damping values for E-glass reinforced GP polyester composite were found to be greater than those for E-glass reinforced isophthalic polyester composite. The current composite can be used in marine applications, particularly the hull: frame or body of the boat.
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Simionescu, Tudor Mihai, and Alina Adriana Minea. "Theoretical Considerations on Fibre Reinforced Composites Thermal Conductivity Uncertainties." Advanced Materials Research 1128 (October 2015): 171–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1128.171.
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Thermal conductivity of composites is anisotropic in nature and data about thermal conductivity of resin facilitates to reduce stresses related to shrinkage of composites during cure and mismatch in thermal expansion coefficients. Before conducting experiments to determine thermal conductivity of various composites, knowledge about effect of different parameters influencing thermal conductivity is essential. The increasing use of composites, for various applications, emphasizes its importance/significance in the thermal property analysis of an engineering system. Published literature is rich with investigations of mechanical properties of composites, but fewer publications are focused on thermal properties. Several publications addressing different theoretical approaches for predicting thermal conductivity of composite materials have been noted. Various theoretical approaches are used to yield the thermal conductivity of a composite material so that the heat flow in anisotropic composite material in any direction can be estimated. In this paper few models will be considered and a theoretical study on thermal conductivity uncertainties will be conducted and discussed. The results identified the need and importance of carrying out further investigations on thermal behavior of composites materials.
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Curtis, P. T., and G. Dorey. "Fatigue of Composite Materials." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering 203, no. 1 (1989): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1989_203_051_01.
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This paper reviews the area of fatigue of composite materials, particularly fibre-reinforced plastics, used in aerospace and other industries. The review concentrates on carbon, glass and aramid reinforcing fibres and epoxy resin as a matrix material. Mention is also made of newer matrices such as those based on thermoplastics.
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Zhu, Xiaoli. "The mechanical performance of glass fibre reinforced composite based sandwich structure." Functional materials 25, no. 4 (2018): 702–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/fm25.04.702.
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Talib, Anis Adilah Abu, Aidah Jumahat, Mohammad Jawaid, Napisah Sapiai, and Alcides Lopes Leao. "Effect of Wear Conditions, Parameters and Sliding Motions on Tribological Characteristics of Basalt and Glass Fibre Reinforced Epoxy Composites." Materials 14, no. 3 (2021): 701. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14030701.
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Basalt fibre is a promising mineral fibre that has high potential to replace synthetic based glass fibre in today’s stringent environmental concern. In this study, friction and wear characteristics of glass and basalt fibres reinforced epoxy composites were studied and comparatively evaluated at two test stages. The first stage was conducted at fixed load, speed and distance under three different conditions; adhesive, abrasive and erosive wear, wherein each composite specimens slide against steel, silicon carbide, and sand mixtures, respectively. The second stage was conducted involving different types of adhesive sliding motions against steel counterpart; unidirectional and reciprocating motion, with the former varied at pressure—velocity (PV) factor; 0.23 MPa·m/s and 0.93 MPa·m/s, while the latter varied at counterpart’s configuration; ball-on-flat (B-O-F) and cylinder-on-flat (C-O-F). It was found that friction and wear properties of composites are highly dependent on test conditions. Under 10 km test run, Basalt fibre reinforced polymer (BFRP) composite has better wear resistance against erosive sand compared to Glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) composite. In second stage, BFRP composite showed better wear performance than GFRP composite under high PV of unidirectional sliding test and under B-O-F configuration of reciprocating sliding test. BFRP composite also exhibited better friction properties than GFRP composite under C-O-F configuration, although its specific wear rate was lower. In scanning electron microscopy examination, different types of wear mechanisms were revealed in each of the test conducted.
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Utami, Mala, Jonathan Ernest Sirait, Beny Budhi Septyanto, Aries Sudiarso, and I. Nengah Putra Apriyanto. "Laminar Composite Materials for Unmanned Aircraft Wings." Defense and Security Studies 3 (December 21, 2022): 106–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.37868/dss.v3.id211.
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Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have high popularity, especially in the military field, but are now also being applied to the private and public sectors. One of the UAV components that require high material technology is the wing. The latest material technology developed as a material for unmanned aircraft wings is a composite material that has high strength and lightweight. This research aims to identify composite materials that can be used for unmanned aircraft wing structures. The method used in this research is a qualitative method with a literature study approach. The results of this theoretical study show that some of the latest composite materials that have been developed into materials for unmanned aircraft wings are Laminar Composites with a sandwich structure. Laminar and sandwich composites consist of various constituent materials such as Balsa wood fiber-glass and polyester resin, microparticles, Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer, polymer matrix composites reinforced with continuous fibers, Polymer matrix composites, E-glass/Epoxy, Kevlar/Epoxy, Carbon/Epoxy, woven fabrics, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene-carbon (ABS) laminated with carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) and uniaxial prepreg fabrics. Laminar and sandwich composite materials are a reference for developing unmanned aircraft wing structures that have resistant strength and lightweight.