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Journal articles on the topic '-[Fluorine-18] fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography combined to computed tomography'

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Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 15 July 2025

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Diaz, Facundo N., Marina Ulla, Jose M. Lastiri, Fernando G. Wright, and Demetrio Cavadas. "Pneumo-PET-CT: Initial Results of This Novel Technique on the Evaluation of Esophageal and Gastric Tumors with Anatomic-Surgical Correlation." Gastroenterology Research and Practice 2019 (February 5, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4123851.

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We present the initial results of a novel hybrid scanning-based technique that combines pneumo-computed tomography (PNCT) with positron emission tomography (PET) using 2-(fluorine-18) fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG). We denominate it pneumo-PET-CT. The focus of our discussion will be on the description of the pneumo-PET-CT technique and the interpretation criteria with emphasis on its benefits and applications in the presurgical and postneoadjuvant therapy evaluation of esophageal, esophagogastric junction (EGJ), and gastric tumors.

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Pijl, Jordy P., Thomas C. Kwee, Riemer H. J. A. Slart, and Andor W. J. M. Glaudemans. "PET/CT Imaging for Personalized Management of Infectious Diseases." Journal of Personalized Medicine 11, no. 2 (2021): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm11020133.

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Positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography (PET/CT) is a nuclear imaging technique which is increasingly being used in infectious diseases. Because infection foci often consume more glucose than surrounding tissue, most infections can be diagnosed with PET/CT using 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose (FDG), an analogue of glucose labeled with Fluorine-18. In this review, we discuss common infectious diseases in which FDG-PET/CT is currently applied including bloodstream infection of unknown origin, infective endocarditis, vascular graft infection, spondylodiscitis, and cyst infections. Next, we highlight the latest developments within the field of PET/CT, including total body PET/CT, use of novel PET radiotracers, and potential future applications of PET/CT that will likely lead to increased capabilities for patient-tailored treatment of infectious diseases.

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NAKAMOTO, Y., T. SAGA, and S. FUJII. "Positron emission tomography application for gynecologic tumors." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 15, no. 5 (2005): 701–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-00009577-200509000-00003.

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Positron emission tomography (PET) using fluorine-18-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG), which originated as a research tool to evaluate glucosemetabolism in cancer tissues, has now become an essential imaging modality for determining the appropriate therapeutic management of various cancer patients. The clinical role of FDG-PET for gynecologic tumors has not been established yet, but FDG-PET has come to be considered one of the important imaging modalities for evaluating patients with gynecological cancers. The objective was to review the literature regarding the utility of FDG-PET in the clinical setting of gynecological malignancies. Many articles reported that FDG-PET could be used for staging and restaging in patients with uterine cervical cancer. Although there is limited data about the feasibility of FDG-PET for endometrial cancer, preliminary results for detecting recurrence were promising. Furthermore, FDG-PET has been reported as a useful imaging modality, especially for restaging, in ovarian cancer, although the prognostic value needs to be fully investigated. Currently, a combined PET/computed tomography scanner is available, and its clinical application has begun. It is expected that this modality will contribute to the management of gynecological cancers, as has been reported recently for other malignancies.

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Patil, P., HA Clements, PG Ramkumar, S. Walsh, and R. Petty. "Total neoadjuvant chemotherapy: a silver lining during the COVID pandemic for a patient with locally advanced diffuse distal gastric adenocarcinoma." Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 104, no. 7 (2022): e197-e201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/rcsann.2021.0235.

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Perioperative oncological therapies resulting in pathological complete response (pCR) in diffuse-type distal gastric adenocarcinoma are extremely rare. We report a case of locally advanced (cT3 N2 M0) diffuse-type distal gastric adenocarcinoma treated with ‘total neoadjuvant’ FLOT (eight cycles), due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and laparoscopic radical subtotal gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy. The patient demonstrated a progressive radiological response on positron emission tomography with 2-deoxy-2-[fluorine-18]fluoro-d-glucose integrated with computed tomography (18F-FDG PET-CT) and pCR in the resected specimen (ypT0 N0). As far as we are aware, this is the first case of pCR in locally advanced T3 N2 diffuse distal gastric cancer to be reported in the literature. It introduces a novel approach of total neoadjuvant chemotherapy with 18F-FDG PET-CT to assess response, combined with radical minimally invasive surgical management to provide optimal care for patients with gastric cancer.

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Ahmadi, Anis, Qin Li, Keith Muller та ін. "Diagnostic value of noninvasive combined fluorine-18 labeled fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography and computed tomography enterography in active Crohnʼs disease". Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 16, № 6 (2010): 974–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ibd.21153.

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Yeung, Henry W. D., Heiko Schöder, Alex Smith, Mithat Gonen, and Steven M. Larson. "Clinical Value of Combined Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography Imaging in the Interpretation of 2-Deoxy-2-[F-18]fluoro-d-glucose–Positron Emission Tomography Studies in Cancer Patients." Molecular Imaging and Biology 7, no. 3 (2005): 229–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11307-005-4113-y.

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Dorraji, Esmaeil S., Ana Oteiza, Samuel Kuttner, et al. "Positron emission tomography and single photon emission computed tomography imaging of tertiary lymphoid structures during the development of lupus nephritis." International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology 35 (January 2021): 205873842110336. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20587384211033683.

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Lymphoid neogenesis occurs in tissues targeted by chronic inflammatory processes, such as infection and autoimmunity. In systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), such structures develop within the kidneys of lupus-prone mice ((NZBXNZW)F1) and are observed in kidney biopsies taken from SLE patients with lupus nephritis (LN). The purpose of this prospective longitudinal animal study was to detect early kidney changes and tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) using in vivo imaging. Positron emission tomography (PET) by tail vein injection of 18-F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (18F-FDG)(PET/FDG) combined with computed tomography (CT) for anatomical localization and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) by intraperitoneal injection of 99mTC labeled Albumin Nanocoll (99mTC-Nanocoll) were performed on different disease stages of NZB/W mice ( n = 40) and on aged matched control mice (BALB/c) ( n = 20). By using one-way ANOVA analyses, we compared two different compartmental models for the quantitative measure of 18F-FDG uptake within the kidneys. Using a new five-compartment model, we observed that glomerular filtration of 18FFDG in lupus-prone mice decreased significantly by disease progression measured by anti-dsDNA Ab production and before onset of proteinuria. We could not visualize TLS within the kidneys, but we were able to visualize pancreatic TLS using 99mTC Nanocoll SPECT. Based on our findings, we conclude that the five-compartment model can be used to measure changes of FDG uptake within the kidney. However, new optimal PET/SPECT tracer administration sites together with more specific tracers in combination with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may make it possible to detect formation of TLS and LN before clinical manifestations.

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Buerba-Vieregge, Héctor Hugo, Ricardo Fernández-Ferreira, Pamela Denisse Soberanis-Piña, Ildefonso Roberto De la Peña-López, Lilian Mónica Navarro-García, and Andrés Macari-Jorge. "Breast Metastasis of Gastric Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma: A Case Report and Literature Review." Case Reports in Oncology 14, no. 1 (2021): 165–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000510938.

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Breast metastasis from gastric signet ring cell carcinoma is extremely rare in clinical practice. The estimated incidence is 0.5–1.3%. There are few cases reported in the literature (approx. less than 60) of breast metastasis from gastric signet ring cell carcinoma, and due to the rare association between gastric cancer and its extension to the breast, it is difficult to establish the diagnosis. Clinical history, histological findings, and immunohistochemical markers are helpful in distinguishing primary breast cancer from breast metastasis of gastric cancer. The treatment for breast metastasis from gastric carcinoma remains controversial. The prognosis of breast metastasis from gastric carcinoma is generally poor. We report a case of breast metastasis of gastric signet ring cell carcinoma in a 38-year-old woman. She started chemotherapy with ramucirumab, paclitaxel, and irinotecan. Three months later, a combined 2-[<sup>18</sup>F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography showed a complete response. This is the first reported case of breast metastasis from gastric signet ring cell carcinoma with a complete response.

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Chhakchhuak, Christine L., Mehdi Khosravi, and Kristine M. Lohr. "Role of -FDG PET Scan in Rheumatoid Lung Nodule: Case Report and Review of the Literature." Case Reports in Rheumatology 2013 (2013): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/621340.

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Flourine-18 fluoro-2-deoxy-glucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography (PET/CT) is a useful test for the management of malignant conditions. Inflammatory and infectious processes, however, can cause increased uptake on PET scanning, often causing diagnostic dilemmas. This knowledge is important to the rheumatologist not only because of the inflammatory conditions we treat but also because certain rheumatic diseases impose an increased risk of malignancy either due to the disease itself or as a consequence of medications used to treat the rheumatic diseases. There is an increasing body of evidence investigating the role of PET scans in inflammatory conditions. This paper describes a patient with rheumatoid arthritis who developed pulmonary nodules that showed increased uptake on PET/CT scan and reviews the use of PET scanning in the diagnosis and management of rheumatoid arthritis.

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Allen, Tadashi L., Ayse Tuba Karagulle Kendi, Mohi O. Mitiek, and Michael A. Maddaus. "Combined Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography and 18-Fluoro-2-Deoxy-d-Glucose-Positron Emission Tomography in the Diagnosis and Staging of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer." Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 23, no. 1 (2011): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.semtcvs.2011.05.003.

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Antoch, Gerald, Nina Saoudi, Hilmar Kuehl, et al. "Accuracy of Whole-Body Dual-Modality Fluorine-18–2-Fluoro-2-Deoxy-d-Glucose Positron Emission Tomography and Computed Tomography (FDG-PET/CT) for Tumor Staging in Solid Tumors: Comparison With CT and PET." Journal of Clinical Oncology 22, no. 21 (2004): 4357–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2004.08.120.

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Purpose To assess the accuracy of positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) when staging different malignant diseases. Patients and Methods This was a retrospective, blinded, investigator-initiated study of 260 patients with various oncological diseases who underwent fluorine-18–2-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose PET/CT for tumor staging. CT images alone, PET images alone, PET + CT data viewed side by side, and fused PET/CT images were evaluated separately according to the tumor-node-metastasis system. One hundred forty patients with tumors not staged according to the tumor-node-metastasis system or a lack of reference standard were excluded from data analysis; 260 patients were included. Diagnostic accuracies were determined for each of the four image sets. Histopathology and a clinical follow-up of 311 (± 125) days served as standards of reference. Results PET/CT proved significantly more accurate in assessing tumor-node-metastasis system stage compared with CT alone, PET alone, and side-by-side PET + CT (P < .0001). Of 260 patients, 218 (84%; 95% CI, 79% to 88%) were correctly staged with PET/CT, 197 (76%; 95% CI, 70% to 81%) with side-by-side PET + CT, 163 (63%; 95% CI, 57% to 69%) with CT alone, and 166 (64%; 95% CI, 58% to 70%) with PET alone. Combined PET/CT had an impact on the treatment plan in 16, 39, and 43 patients when compared with PET + CT, CT alone, and PET alone, respectively. Conclusion Tumor staging with PET/CT is significantly more accurate than CT alone, PET alone, and side-by-side PET + CT. This diagnostic advantage translates into treatment plan changes in a substantial number of patients.

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Flamen, P., A. Lerut, E. Van Cutsem, et al. "Utility of Positron Emission Tomography for the Staging of Patients With Potentially Operable Esophageal Carcinoma." Journal of Clinical Oncology 18, no. 18 (2000): 3202–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2000.18.18.3202.

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PURPOSE: A prospective study of preoperative tumor-node-metastasis staging of patients with esophageal cancer (EC) was designed to compare the accuracy of 18-F-fluoro-deoxy-d-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) with conventional noninvasive modalities.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Seventy-four patients with carcinomas of the esophagus (n = 43) or gastroesophageal junction (n = 31) were studied. All patients underwent attenuation-corrected FDG-PET imaging, a spiral computed tomography (CT) scan, and an endoscopic ultrasound (EUS).RESULTS: FDG-PET demonstrated increased activity in the primary tumor in 70 of 74 patients (sensitivity: 95%). False-negative PET images were found in four patients with T1 lesions. Thirty-four patients (46%) had stage IV disease. FDG-PET had a higher accuracy for diagnosing stage IV disease compared with the combination of CT and EUS (82% v 64%, respectively; P = .004). FDG-PET had additional diagnostic value in 16 (22%) of 74 patients by upstaging 11 (15%) and downstaging five (7%) patients. Thirty-nine (53%) of the 74 patients underwent a 2- or 3-field lymphadenectomy in conjunction with primary curative esophagectomy. In these patients, tumoral involvement was found in 21 local and 35 regional or distant lymph nodes (LN). For local LN, the sensitivity of FDG-PET was lower than EUS (33% v 81%, respectively; P = .027), but the specificity may have been higher (89% v 67%, respectively; P = not significant [NS]). For the assessment of regional and distant LN involvement, compared with the combined use of CT and EUS, FDG-PET had a higher specificity (90% v 98%, respectively; P = .025) and a similar sensitivity (46% v 43%, respectively; P = NS).CONCLUSION: PET significantly improves the detection of stage IV disease in EC compared with the conventional staging modalities. PET improves diagnostic specificity for LN staging.

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Gamaletsou, Maria N., Joseph Meletiadis, Sofia Chatziioannou, et al. "Experimental Candida albicans osteomyelitis: Microbiologic, antigenic, histologic, and 18FDG-PET-CT imaging characteristics in a newly established rabbit model." Medical Mycology 57, no. 8 (2019): 1011–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mmy/myz001.

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Abstract Candida osteomyelitis is a debilitating disease that is difficult to diagnose and treat. As there are no animal models or prospective studies for this uncommon infection, little is known about the pathogenesis, diagnosis, or treatment. We therefore sought to establish an animal model for the study of the pathophysiology, diagnostic modalities, and therapeutic interventions of Candida osteomyelitis. We developed a modified version of the Norden rabbit model of tibial osteomyelitis, in which the right tibia was inoculated intraoperatively with different inocula of C. albicans or normal saline as control. On days 7, 14, and 21 after inoculation, the animals underwent bone radiography, 18-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography (PET/CT) scan, and blood sampling for blood cultures, blood counts, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and Candida mannan antigen serum levels. On day 21, animals were euthanized, and infected tibias harvested for culture and histology. Among eight evaluable animals inoculated with 1 × 106 to 1 × 107 cfu, histology and bone cultures established the presence of Candida osteomyelitis in seven, with a host response of neutrophils, mononuclear cells, multinucleate giant cells, fibrosis, and necrosis. Infected animals demonstrated radiological signs of osteomyelitis with significantly increased tracer uptake in 18FDG-PET/CT scans (P < .01) and elevated serum mannan levels (P < .01). All blood cultures were negative. Indices of inflammation were only slightly increased. In conclusion, we report successful establishment of a new animal model of Candida albicans osteomyelitis that may be applicable to advancing our understanding of the pathophysiology, diagnostic modalities, and treatment of this debilitating infection.

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Mehta, Rahul, Kejia Cai, Nishant Kumar, et al. "A Lesion-Based Response Prediction Model Using Pretherapy PET/CT Image Features for Y90 Radioembolization to Hepatic Malignancies." Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment 16, no. 5 (2016): 620–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1533034616666721.

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We present a probabilistic approach to identify patients with primary and secondary hepatic malignancies as responders or nonresponders to yttrium-90 radioembolization therapy. Recent advances in computer-aided detection have decreased false-negative and false-positive rates of perceived abnormalities; however, there is limited research in using similar concepts to predict treatment response. Our approach is driven by the goal of precision medicine to determine pretherapy fluorine-18-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose positron emission tomography and computed tomography imaging parameters to facilitate the identification of patients who would benefit most from yttrium-90 radioembolization therapy, while avoiding complex and costly procedures for those who would not. Our algorithm seeks to predict a patient’s response by discovering common co-occurring image patterns in the lesions of baseline fluorine-18-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose positron emission tomography and computed tomography scans by extracting invariant shape and texture features. The extracted imaging features were represented as a distribution of each subject based on the bag-of-feature paradigm. The distribution was applied in a multinomial naive Bayes classifier to predict whether a patient would be a responder or nonresponder to yttrium-90 radioembolization therapy based on the imaging features of a pretherapy fluorine-18-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose positron emission tomography and computed tomography scan. Comprehensive published criteria were used to determine lesion-based clinical treatment response based on fluorine-18-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose positron emission tomography and computed tomography imaging findings. Our results show that the model is able to predict a patient with liver cancer as a responder or nonresponder to yttrium-90 radioembolization therapy with a sensitivity of 0.791 using extracted invariant imaging features from the pretherapy fluorine-18-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose positron emission tomography and computed tomography test. The sensitivity increased to 0.821 when combining extracted invariant image features with variable features of tumor volume.

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Ju, Hye Min, Byung-Chul Kim, Ilhan Lim, Byung Hyun Byun, and Sang-Keun Woo. "Estimation of an Image Biomarker for Distant Recurrence Prediction in NSCLC Using Proliferation-Related Genes." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 3 (2023): 2794. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032794.

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This study aimed to identify a distant-recurrence image biomarker in NSCLC by investigating correlations between heterogeneity functional gene expression and fluorine-18-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG PET) image features of NSCLC patients. RNA-sequencing data and 18F-FDG PET images of 53 patients with NSCLC (19 with distant recurrence and 34 without recurrence) from The Cancer Imaging Archive and The Cancer Genome Atlas Program databases were used in a combined analysis. Weighted correlation network analysis was performed to identify gene groups related to distant recurrence. Genes were selected for functions related to distant recurrence. In total, 47 image features were extracted from PET images as radiomics. The relationship between gene expression and image features was estimated using a hypergeometric distribution test with the Pearson correlation method. The distant recurrence prediction model was validated by a random forest (RF) algorithm using image texture features and related gene expression. In total, 37 gene modules were identified by gene-expression pattern with weighted gene co-expression network analysis. The gene modules with the highest significance were selected (p-value < 0.05). Nine genes with high protein–protein interaction and area under the curve (AUC) were identified as hub genes involved in the proliferation function, which plays an important role in distant recurrence of cancer. Four image features (GLRLM_SRHGE, GLRLM_HGRE, SUVmean, and GLZLM_GLNU) and six genes were identified to be correlated (p-value < 0.1). AUCs (accuracy: 0.59, AUC: 0.729) from the 47 image texture features and AUCs (accuracy: 0.767, AUC: 0.808) from hub genes were calculated using the RF algorithm. AUCs (accuracy: 0.783, AUC: 0.912) from the four image texture features and six correlated genes and AUCs (accuracy: 0.738, AUC: 0.779) from only the four image texture features were calculated using the RF algorithm. The four image texture features validated by heterogeneity group gene expression were found to be related to cancer heterogeneity. The identification of these image texture features demonstrated that advanced prediction of NSCLC distant recurrence is possible using the image biomarker.

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Abdulla, Diana S. Y., Matthias Scheffler, Carsten Kobe, et al. "Overcoming acquired osimertinib-resistance in EGFR-mutant advanced non-small lung cancer mediated by activating BRAF V600E mutation." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 15_suppl (2019): e20682-e20682. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.e20682.

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e20682 Background: There is growing insight in the mechanisms underlying resistance to the 3rdgeneration EGFR inhibitor osimertinib. Unlike resistance to 1stgeneration inhibitors, these mechanisms not necessarily lead to sequential targeted therapy approaches. Here we report on the treatment of two patients with acquired resistance to osimertinib with a new detected BRAF V600E mutation as resistance mechanism. Methods: We identified two patients with EGFR-T790M-mutant advanced NSCLC with progression on osimertinib and detection of a new BRAFV600E mutation in a tumor rebiopsy by next-generation sequencing (NGS). No other known resistance mechanism beside T790M loss in one patient was found. Osimertinib was discontinued and BRAF-targeted combination therapy with dabrafenib and trametinib at standard dose was initiated. We monitored the clinical course with sequential 18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) / computed tomography (CT) assessing maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax), sequencing based liquid biopsies and tumor marker assessment. Results: Patient (1) with EGFR del19 (E746_A750del), preserved T790M mutation and acquired BRAF V600E mutation showed reduction in FDG uptake of 18% after 2 weeks of dabrafenib/trametinib that demonstrated a slight increase of 12% in a FDG-PET/CT scan 4 weeks thereafter and combination treatment has been continued. Patient (2) with EGFR del19 (E746_A750del), T790M loss and new BRAF V600E mutation showed continuous metabolic (+8% and + 39%, respectively) and morphologic progression after 2 and 4 weeks of dabrafenib and trametinib. A tumor rebiopsy showed no additional molecular changes. We changed the treatment to osimertinib and dabrafenib combination and observed an impressive metabolic response (-33%) after 2 weeks by FDG-PET/CT. Conclusions: BRAF V600E mutation has recently been described as a novel molecular resistance mechanism in osimertinib-resistant EGFR-mutant NSCLC. We describe one patient where combined BRAF/MEK inhibition with no additional EGFR-inhibition resulted in a preliminary feasible tumor control, but confirmatory CT staging is pending. In a second patient, co-inhibition of EGFR and BRAF pathway with osimertinib and dabrafenib was needed to overcome BRAF-mediated osimertinib resistance resulting in an impressive early tumor response that was not observed to either single-target inhibition of EGFR or BRAF. FDG-PET/CT was able to monitor tumor dynamics. Updated data will be presented.

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Videnovic-Ivanov, Jelica, Dragana Sobic-Saranovic, Isidora Grozdic, Violeta Mihailovic-Vucinic, Snezana Filipovic, and Mihailo Stjepanovic. "The application results of 18F - FDG/PET scan in chronic sarcoidosis." Medical review 66, suppl. 1 (2013): 50–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns13s1050v.

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Introduction. The authors evaluated the application of 18 Ffluoro-2-deoxy-D: -glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography to diagnose the activity in patients with chronic sarcoidosis. Material and Methods. The study sample included 71 patients (48 females and 23 males, their mean age being 47?3 years) with biopsy-proven sarcoidosis of chronic course. Results. All patients underwent 18 F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D: -glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography, which detected inflammation in 65 patients (91.5%) (maximum standardized uptake value, 8.1 ? 3.9). Angiotensin-converting enzyme levels were significantly higher in the patients with positive than in those with negative 18 F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D: -glucose positron emission tomography/ computed tomography results. Conclusion. 18 F-fluoro- 2-deoxy-D: -glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography revealed the functional inflammatory active localizations in chronic sarcoidosis. The obtained results contribute to the adequate therapeutic option.

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Ibrayev, Kanat. "Retrospective analysis of the follow up PET/CT studies using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose in patients with breast cancer." Oncology.kz 3, no. 13 (2024): 4–10. https://doi.org/10.56598/2957-6377-2024-3-13-4-10.

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Depending on the morphological structure of the malignant process, the stage of the disease, and the presence of concomitant diseases, the treatment tactics for patients with cancer are determined. The correct choice of treatment tactics determines the quality of life and survival of patients.The use of positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography for breast cancer allows to accurately and reliably characterize the primary tumor, the presence and location of metastatic lesions, as well as evaluate the metabolic activity in them, which allows one to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment.We conducted a retrospective analysis of repeated studies of positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography using 18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose in patients with breast cancer.The purpose of the study was to determine the correlation of the dynamics of the disease with the histological structure of the tumor, the primary staging of the disease, and the treatment performed.Data from studies of positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography using 18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose in patients with breast cancer for the period 2010-2020 were used. To select patients, we used the following criteria known from the medical documentation provided to us: histological structure of the tumor, TNM staging, and treatment performed.The majority of patients showed stable remission of the disease (60%), and in the vast majority of cases the histological picture was represented by infiltrating carcinomas (90%). Disease progression was detected in 28.4% of cases. There was a preference for positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography using 18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose in referral of the patients with T2 stage of the disease.Keywords: positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography, breast cancer, disease dynamics.

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Cauchon, Nicole, Haroutioun M. Hasséssian, Eric Turcotte, Roger Lecomte, and Johan E. van Lier. "Deciphering PDT-induced inflammatory responses using real-time FDG-PET in a mouse tumour model." Photochem. Photobiol. Sci. 13, no. 10 (2014): 1434–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4pp00140k.

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Dynamic positron emission tomography (PET), combined with constant infusion of 2-deoxy-2-[<sup>18</sup>F]fluoro-d-glucose (FDG), enables real-time monitoring of transient metabolic changesin vivo, which can serve to understand the underlying physiology.

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Zhang, Sheng, Wenfeng Li, and Fei Liang. "Clinical value of fluorine-18 2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography in penile cancer." Oncotarget 7, no. 30 (2016): 48600–48606. http://dx.doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.9375.

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Apolo, Andrea B., Jamie Riches, Heiko Schöder, et al. "Clinical Value of Fluorine-18 2-Fluoro-2-Deoxy-D-Glucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography in Bladder Cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 28, no. 25 (2010): 3973–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2010.28.7052.

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Purpose Fluorine-18 2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) has been approved for imaging in many malignancies but not for bladder cancer. This study investigated the value of FDG-PET/CT imaging in the management of patients with advanced bladder cancer. Patients and Methods Between May 2006 and February 2008, 57 patients with bladder cancer at our center underwent FDG-PET/CT after CT (n = 52) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI; n = 5). The accuracy of FDG-PET/CT was assessed using both organ-based and patient-based analyses. FDG-PET/CT findings were validated by either biopsy or serial CT/MRI. Clinician questionnaires performed before and after FDG-PET/CT assessed whether those scan results affected management. Results One hundred thirty-five individual lesions were evaluable in 47 patients for the organ-based analysis. Overall sensitivity and specificity were 87% (95% CI, 76% to 94%) and 88% (95% CI, 78% to 95%), respectively. In the patient-based analysis, malignant disease was correctly diagnosed in 25 of 31 patients, resulting in a sensitivity of 81% (95% CI, 63% to 93%). FDG-PET/CT was negative in 15 of 16 patients without malignant lesions for a specificity of 94% (95% CI, 71% to 100%). Pre- and post-PET surveys revealed that FDG-PET/CT detected more malignant disease than conventional CT/MRI in 40% of patients. Post-PET surveys showed that clinicians changed their planned management in 68% of patients based on the FDG-PET/CT results. Conclusion FDG-PET/CT has excellent sensitivity and specificity in the detection of metastatic bladder cancer and provides additional diagnostic information that enhances clinical management more than CT/MRI alone. FDG-PET/CT scans may provide better accuracy in clinical information for directing therapy.

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Kim, Young Chul, and Mi-Suk Park. "Primary hepatic schwannoma mimicking malignancy on fluorine-18 2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography." Hepatology 51, no. 3 (2010): 1080–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hep.23406.

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Martí, Alejandro, Sarai Morón, Eliana González, and Julián Rojas. "Hallazgos incidentales de COVID-19 en tomografías PET/CT 18F-FDG de pacientes asintomáticos con cáncer en dos instituciones de salud de Bogotá, Colombia." Biomédica 40, Supl. 2 (2020): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.7705/biomedica.5833.

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La COVID-19 es la infección viral causada por el SARS-CoV-2 y declarada por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) como pandemia. Los pacientes con cáncer tienen un mayor riesgo de adquirir la infección y un peor pronóstico, ya que deben asistir a visitas médicas en diferentes centros hospitalarios, reciben tratamientos médicos y quirúrgicos y deben someterse a estudios diagnósticos como la PET/CT en servicios de medicina nuclear, lo que es ocasión para el hallazgo incidental de la infección.Se presentan las imágenes de tomografías computarizadas por emisión de positrones con 18-fluorodesoxiglucosa (F18) (Positron Emission Tomography and Computed Tomography with 2-deoxy-2-[fluorine-18]fluoro-D-glucose, PET/CT F18-FDG) en las que se evidenció la COVID-19 en pacientes con diversas enfermedades oncológicas, pero sin sintomatología respiratoria.

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Kim, Chu Hyun, Hyunjin Park, Ho Yun Lee, et al. "Computed Tomography Radiomics for Residual Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography Uptake in Lymph Nodes after Treatment." Cancers 12, no. 12 (2020): 3564. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers12123564.

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Although a substantial decrease in 2-[fluorine-18]fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (FDG) uptake on positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) indicates a promising metabolic response to treatment, predicting the pathologic status of lymph nodes (LN) remains challenging. We investigated the potential of a CT radiomics approach to predict the pathologic complete response of LNs showing residual uptake after neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy (NeoCCRT) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Two hundred and thirty-seven patients who underwent NeoCCRT for stage IIIa NSCLC were included. Two hundred fifty-two CT radiomics features were extracted from LNs showing remaining positive FDG uptake upon restaging PET-CT. A multivariable logistic regression analysis of radiomics features and clinicopathologic characteristics was used to develop a prediction model. Of the 237 patients, 135 patients (185 nodes) met our inclusion criteria. Eighty-seven LNs were proven to be malignant (47.0%, 87/185). Upon multivariable analysis, metastatic LNs were significantly prevalent in females and patients with adenocarcinoma (odds ratio (OR) = 2.02, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.88–4.62 and OR = 0.39, 95% CI = 0.19–0.77 each). Metastatic LNs also had a larger maximal 3D diameter and higher cluster tendency (OR = 9.92, 95% CI = 3.15–31.17 and OR = 2.36, 95% CI = 1.22–4.55 each). The predictive model for metastasis showed a discrimination performance with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.728 (95% CI = 0.654–0.801, p value < 0.001). The radiomics approach allows for the noninvasive detection of metastases in LNs with residual FDG uptake after the treatment of NSCLC patients.

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Hirakawa, Tomoko, Jun Kato, Yoshihiro Okumura, et al. "Detectability of Colorectal Neoplasia With Fluorine-18-2-Fluoro-2-Deoxy-D-Glucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (FDG-PET/CT)." Gastroenterology 140, no. 5 (2011): S—415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-5085(11)61705-8.

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Rodríguez-Fernández, Antonio, Manuel Gómez-Río, José Manuel Llamas-Elvira, et al. "Positron-emission tomography with fluorine-18-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose for gallbladder cancer diagnosis." American Journal of Surgery 188, no. 2 (2004): 171–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjsurg.2003.12.070.

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Cistaro, A., N. Quartuccio, L. Mansi, A. Signore, M. Dolci, and G. Treglia. "The Role of Positron Emission Tomography in Inflammatory Bowel Disease." European Journal of Inflammation 10, no. 3 (2012): 251–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1721727x1201000301.

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Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are a group of pathological conditions characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. To date, imaging of IBD is based on several radiological techniques such as barium studies, magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomography (CT). Endoscopy is the gold standard for the assessment of the large bowel and proximal small intestine in patients with IBD allowing the biopsy of the visualized bowel. Positron emission tomography (PET) and PET/CT with Fluorine-18-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) is a functional imaging method used to detect abnormalities in glucose metabolism in a variety of disorders. FDG accumulates mainly in tumours, but increased uptake and retention has been shown also in lesions with a high concentration of inflammatory cells, such as granulocytes and activated macrophages. Recent literature data demonstrate that FDG-PET and PET/CT may be useful noninvasive tools for identifying and localizing active IBD. In patients with an established diagnosis of IBD, FDG-PET and PET/CT may provide information about disease activity, location and extent of the disease within the intestinal tract, allowing early recognition of disease relapse and possible complications. Furthermore, these techniques may play a role in assessing the treatment response to medical therapy in patients with IBD.

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Yen, Tzu-Chen, Koon-Kwan Ng, Shih-Ya Ma, et al. "Value of Dual-Phase 2-Fluoro-2-Deoxy-d-Glucose Positron Emission Tomography in Cervical Cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 21, no. 19 (2003): 3651–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2003.01.102.

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Purpose: The role of positron emission tomography (PET) with fluorine-18–labeled fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (FDG) in cervical cancer has not yet been well defined. We conducted a prospective study to investigate its efficacy in comparison with magnetic resonance imaging and/or computed tomography (MRI-CT). Materials and Methods: Patients with untreated locally advanced (35%) or recurrent (65%) cervical cancer were enrolled onto this study. In the first part of this study, 41 patients had a conventional FDG-PET (40 minutes after injection), and in the second part, 94 patients received dual-phase PET (at both 40 minutes and 3 hours after injection). The overall results of PET scans were compared with MRI-CT, and the two protocols of PET were also compared with each other. Lesion status was determined by pathology results or clinical follow-up. The receiver operating characteristic curve method with area under the curve (AUC) calculation was used to evaluate the discriminative power. Results: Overall (N = 135), FDG-PET was significantly superior to MRI-CT in identifying metastatic lesions (AUC, 0.971 v 0.879; P = .039), although the diagnostic accuracy was similar for local tumors. Dual-phase PET was also significantly better than the 40-minute PET (n = 94). The latter accurately recognized 70% of metastatic lesions and the former detected 90% (AUC, 0.943 v 0.951; P = .007). Dual-phase FDG-PET changed treatment of 29 patients (31%; upstaging 27% and downstaging 4%). Conclusion: This study shows that dual-phase FDG-PET is superior to conventional FDG-PET or MRI-CT in the evaluation of metastatic lesions in locally advanced or recurrent cervical cancer.

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Hirakawa, Tomoko, Jun Kato, Yoshihiro Okumura, et al. "Detectability of colorectal neoplasia with fluorine-18-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose positron emission tomography and computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT)." Journal of Gastroenterology 47, no. 2 (2011): 127–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00535-011-0473-z.

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Jadvar, Hossein, Robert W. Henderson, and Peter S. Conti. "2-Deoxy-2-[F-18]Fluoro-d-Glucose–Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography Imaging Evaluation of Esophageal Cancer." Molecular Imaging and Biology 8, no. 3 (2006): 193–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11307-006-0036-5.

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Iagaru, A., A. Quon, D. Johnson, S. S. Gambhir, and I. R. McDougall. "2-Deoxy-2-[F-18]fluoro-d-glucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography in the Management of Melanoma." Molecular Imaging and Biology 9, no. 1 (2006): 50–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11307-006-0065-0.

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Meshcheryakova, Nadezhda A., M. B. Dolgushin, M. M. Davydov, et al. "The role of positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography in the diagnosis and evaluation of treatment effectiveness of non-small cell lung cancer." Russian Journal of Oncology 21, no. 3 (2016): 160–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/1028-9984-2016-21-3-160-164.

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Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with the use of various tumor-tropic radiopharmaceutical preparations (RFP) has shown its effectiveness in the identification of tumor process in the lungs and metastatic lesions of mediastinal lymph nodes. In lung cancer such RFPs as Technetium-99m methoxy isobutyl isonitrile (MIBI) I) and 99mTc-depreotid got the largest traction. Increasingly frequently for the initial assessment of the prevalence ofprimary non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) there was used positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography (PET/CT) with 2-[18F]Fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose ([18F]FDG). The combined PET/CT image consider metabolic and morphological data, that allows to localize precisely the dissemination of the process and is used for the confirmation of the stage, detection of metabolically active extrathoracic lymph nodes, including those of the standard size (

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Shulkin, B. L., R. J. Hutchinson, V. P. Castle, G. A. Yanik, B. Shapiro, and J. C. Sisson. "Neuroblastoma: positron emission tomography with 2-[fluorine-18]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose compared with metaiodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy." Radiology 199, no. 3 (1996): 743–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiology.199.3.8637999.

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Moon, Young Lae, Sang Hong Lee, Sung Yong Park, Jae Cheol Yu, and Venkat Gorthi. "Evaluation of Shoulder Disorders by 2-[F-18]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose Positron Emission Tomography and Computed Tomography." Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery 2, no. 3 (2010): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.4055/cios.2010.2.3.167.

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Albano, Domenico, Giorgio Treglia, Francesco Dondi, et al. "18F-FDG PET/CT Maximum Tumor Dissemination (Dmax) in Lymphoma: A New Prognostic Factor?" Cancers 15, no. 9 (2023): 2494. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers15092494.

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Recently, several studies introduced the potential prognostic usefulness of maximum tumor dissemination (Dmax) measured by 2-deoxy-2-fluorine-18-fluoro-D-glucose positron-emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT). Dmax is a simple three-dimensional feature that represents the maximal distance between the two farthest hypermetabolic PET lesions. A comprehensive computer literature search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane libraries was conducted, including articles indexed up to 28 February 2023. Ultimately, 19 studies analyzing the value of 18F-FDG PET/CT Dmax in patients with lymphomas were included. Despite their heterogeneity, most studies showed a significant prognostic role of Dmax in predicting progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Some articles showed that the combination of Dmax with other metabolic features, such as MTV and interim PET response, proved to better stratify the risk of relapse or death. However, some methodological open questions need to be clarified before introducing Dmax into clinical practice.

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Majid, Adeeb, Ravish Sanghi Raju, Markus Trochsler, Harsh A. Kanhere, and Guy J. Maddern. "Mycobacterial Infection of the Gallbladder Masquerading as Gallbladder Cancer with a False Positive Pet Scan." Case Reports in Medicine 2013 (2013): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/828631.

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Isolated mycobacterial infection of gall bladder is an extremely rare entity. Only anecdotal reports are evident in the literature. A preoperative diagnosis of mycobacterial infection of gallbladder is therefore very difficult. The case of a 72-year-old male who underwent surgery for suspected gallbladder cancer is presented. The diagnosis of cancer was based on radiological findings and an abnormal uptake of fluorine-18-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) on positron emission tomography (PET) scan whilst being followed up for colorectal cancer. He underwent cholecystectomy and gallbladder bed resection. Histopathology was consistent with mycobacterial infection of the gallbladder.

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Ozguven, Salih, Sabahat Inanir, HalilTurgut Turoglu, TanjuYusuf Erdil, MustafaUmit Ugurlu, and Bahadir Gulluoglu. "2-(fluorine-18)-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography after breast conserving surgery: Correlation with molecular markers of breast cancer." Indian Journal of Nuclear Medicine 31, no. 3 (2016): 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0972-3919.181848.

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Mahner, S., S. Schirrmacher, W. Brenner, et al. "Comparison between positron emission tomography using 2-[fluorine-18]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose, conventional imaging and computed tomography for staging of breast cancer." Annals of Oncology 19, no. 7 (2008): 1249–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/annonc/mdn057.

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Partridge, S. "2-Fluorine-18-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose Positron Emission Tomography in the Pretreatment Staging of Hodgkin's Disease." Clinical Positron Imaging 2, no. 6 (1999): 323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1095-0397(99)00083-7.

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Zimny, Michael, Wulf Siggelkow, Willibald Schröder, et al. "2-[Fluorine-18]-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose Positron Emission Tomography in the Diagnosis of Recurrent Ovarian Cancer." Gynecologic Oncology 83, no. 2 (2001): 310–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/gyno.2001.6386.

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Makhanova, Albina M., Maria L. Pospelova, Daria V. Ryzhkova, et al. "Comparison of the state of brain metabolism and psycho emotional disorders in patients with postmastectomy syndrome." Russian Military Medical Academy Reports 41, no. 4 (2022): 399–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/rmmar111887.

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BACKGROUND: The most common consequence of radical treatment of breast cancer is postmastectomy syndrome a complex of changes in the lymphocirculatory system, central and peripheral nervous system, skeletal and muscular apparatus, that significantly reduce the quality of life and working capacity of women. In recent years, special attention has been paid to the study of psycho emotional disorders in this group of patients. A promising method for preclinical diagnosis of anxiety and depressive disorders in patients with postmastectomy syndrome may be positron emission computed tomography with fluorine-18 labeled glucose 2(18F)-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose, which makes it possible to deduce typical patterns of changes in glucose metabolism in cerebral structures in various depressive and anxiety states. AIM: The purpose of this study is to study the relationship between brain metabolism and psycho emotional status in patients with postmastectomy syndrome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In our work, the sample consisted of 28 patients who underwent radical treatment for breast cancer, who underwent an assessment of the psycho-emotional state using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and Zung scales for self-assessment of depression. Positron emission tomography was also performed with 18-fluorodeoxyglucose. RESULTS: The study revealed that 71% of patients showed an increased level of anxiety, 64% showed signs of depression. Positron emission tomography data revealed the following areas of hypometabolism in patients with anxiety-depressive disorders: parietal cortex, inferior parietal lobule, precuneus, superior temporal gyrus, prefrontal cortex, posterior cingulate cortex. CONCLUSION: Thus, typical zones of changes in glucose metabolism in patients with psycho emotional disorders have been identified, which makes it possible to improve the accuracy of diagnosing these conditions, as well as to develop the most effective ways to prevent and treat them.

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Su, I.-Lin, and Yen-Kung Chen. "Utility of FDG PET/CT in Patient with Synchronous Breast and Colon Cancer." Diagnostics 13, no. 13 (2023): 2293. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13132293.

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The most common malignancy in women is breast cancer, and the second one is colon cancer. Synchronous breast and colon cancers are rare. Here, we reported a 60-year-old woman with a left breast mass for six months. Biopsy revealed an invasive ductal carcinoma. She underwent 2-[Fluorine-18]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) scan for evaluation of the extent of the disease. FDG PET/CT revealed an advanced left breast cancer with multiple metastases in both regional and distant lymph nodes (in left axilla level I/II, lower paratracheal region, and right lung hilum), bilateral lungs, and axial and proximal appendicular skeletons. An early staged synchronous colon cancer was detected incidentally on FDG PET/CT images. After endoscopic mucosal resection of colon cancer, she received palliative chemotherapy for breast cancer with a marked therapeutic response. The disease status of post-treated breast cancer remained relatively stationary for more than one year. Brain metastasis was noted afterward. Nevertheless, there was no evidence of colon cancer recurrence throughout her breast cancer disease course.

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Beauchamp, C. P. "Differentiation between malignant and benign pathologic fractures with F-18-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography." Yearbook of Orthopedics 2009 (January 2009): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0276-1092(09)79493-3.

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Shin, D. S., O. J. Shon, S. J. Byun, J. H. Choi, K. A. Chun, and I. H. Cho. "Differentiation between malignant and benign pathologic fractures with F-18-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography." Skeletal Radiology 37, no. 5 (2008): 415–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00256-008-0462-3.

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Iagaru, A., A. Quon, I. R. McDougall, and S. S. Gambhir. "Merkel Cell Carcinoma: Is there a Role for 2-Deoxy-2-[F-18]fluoro-d-glucose-Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography?" Molecular Imaging and Biology 8, no. 4 (2006): 212–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11307-006-0047-2.

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BONI, R., R. A. HUCH BÖNI, H. STEINERT, et al. "Staging of metastatic melanoma by whole-body positron emission tomography using 2-fluorine-18-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose." British Journal of Dermatology 132, no. 4 (2006): 556–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1995.tb08711.x.

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Torizuka, Tatsuo, Shuji Nobezawa, Toshihiko Kanno, et al. "Ovarian cancer recurrence: role of whole-body positron emission tomography using 2-[fluorine-18]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose." European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging 29, no. 6 (2002): 797–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00259-001-0750-9.

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Buchmann, Inga, Michael Reinhardt, Klaus Elsner, et al. "2-(fluorine-18)fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography in the detection and staging of malignant lymphoma." Cancer 91, no. 5 (2001): 889–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1097-0142(20010301)91:5<889::aid-cncr1078>3.0.co;2-5.

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Kairemo, Kalevi, Elmer B. Santos, Homer A. Macapinlac, and Vivek Subbiah. "Early Response Assessment to Targeted Therapy Using 3′-deoxy-3′[(18)F]-Fluorothymidine (18F-FLT) PET/CT in Lung Cancer." Diagnostics 10, no. 1 (2020): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10010026.

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Although 2-deoxy-2-[18F]-fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) is a sensitive nuclear medicine modality, specificity for characterizing lung cancer is limited. Tumor proliferation and early response to molecularly targeted therapy could be visualized using 3′-deoxy-3′[(18)F]-fluorothymidine (18F-FLT) PET/CT. The superiority of 18F-FLT PET/CT over 18F-FDG PET/CT in early therapeutic monitoring has been well described in patients after chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and/or chemo/radiotherapy. In thispilot study, we explorethe use of 18F-FLT PET/CT as an early response evaluation modality in patients with lung cancerand provide specific case studies of patients with small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer who received novel targeted therapies. Early response for c-MET inhibitor was observed in four weeks and for MDM2 inhibitor in nine days.

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Vishnu, Prakash, Andrew Wingerson, and David M. Aboulafia. "Utility of Bone Marrow Biopsy in the Staging of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma in the Era of PET-CT." Blood 126, no. 23 (2015): 5637. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.5637.5637.

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Abstract BACKGROUND Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Recent advances in imaging, use of prognostic indices and molecular profiling has improved our ability to characterize disease and predict outcomes in DLBCL. About one-third of patients with DLBCL have bone marrow involvement at the time of diagnosis, and bone marrow aspirate/biopsy (BMAB) is considered gold standard to detect such involvement. 18 F-fluro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography (PET-CT), has become standard pre-treatment imaging in DLBCL and may be a non-invasive alternative to BMAB. Prior studies have suggested that PET-CT scan may obviate the need for BMAB as a component for staging patients with newly-diagnosed DLBCL, but owing to a variety of reasons this is not yet a standard of practice. We investigated whether FDG uptake-based bone marrow assessment can replace BMAB in newly-diagnosed DLBCL. METHODS This study is a single institution retrospective medical records' review. All patients with newly-diagnosed DLBCL at Virginia Mason Medical Center between January 2003 to December 2013 who underwent pre-treatment PET-CT and BMAB were included. FDG-PET/CT images were visually assessed for bone marrow involvement in posterior iliac crest. Patients with primary mediastinal DLBCL, previous history or coexistence of another lymphoma subtype and those with a non-diagnostic BMAB, and in whom the PET-CT did not show marrow signal abnormality were excluded from the analysis. Ann Arbor stage was determined using PET-CT with and without the contribution of BMAB, and the proportion of stage IV cases by each method was measured. RESULTS 105 eligible patients were identified. The median age was 62 years (range, 24-88), 62 (59%) were male, 53 (50%) had elevated LDH and 17 (16%) had an ECOG performance status of >2. Thirteen (12%) patients had > 1 extra-nodal site of lymphoma involvement. R-IPI score was 0-1 in 39 (37%), 2 in 42 (40%), 3 in 20 (19%), and 4 in 4 (4%) patients. A total of 38 (36%) patients had bone marrow involvement established by either PET-CT (n=24, 19%), BMAB (n=14, 13%), or both (n=12, 11%). 12 of the 24 patients (50%) with positive PET-CT had marrow involvement by DLBCL, while only 2 of the 81 patients (2%) with negative PET/CT showed marrow involvement. BMAB upstaged 1 of the 53 (2%) stage I/II patients to stage IV. The sensitivity of PET-CT scan to detect marrow involvement by DLBCL was 86% while the specificity was 87%. The positive predictive value of PET-CT was only 50% while the negative predictive value was 98%. CONCLUSIONS In patients with newly diagnosed DLBCL, PET-CT is complementary to BMAB in detecting marrow involvement by lymphoma. Although PET-CT has a high negative predictive value for bone marrow involvement, it overestimates the number of cases with marrow involvement by lymphoma. In clinical practice, routine BMAB may no longer be necessary for all patients with DLBCL, who are staged by PET-CT, unless the results would change both staging and therapy. The prognostic implication of marrow involvement identified by PET-CT compared to BMAB remains unknown. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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