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Journal articles on the topic 'Gastrotrichs'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 19 July 2025

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1

KÅNNEBY, TOBIAS. "New species and new records of freshwater Chaetonotida (Gastrotricha) from Sweden." Zootaxa 3115, no. 1 (2011): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3115.1.3.

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Gastrotricha is a small phylum of acoelomatic aquatic invertebrates common in both marine and freshwater environments. The freshwater gastrotrich fauna of Sweden is poorly known and so far only 20 species have been reported. In this study two species, Heterolepidoderma joermungandri n. sp. and H. trapezoidum n. sp., are described as new to science. Moreover, 9 species are presented as new to the Swedish fauna. Additional taxonomic information is also given for 4 species previously reported from the country. In total 7 genera of two families, Chaetonotidae and Dasydytidae, are presented and the number of reported freshwater gastrotrichs from the country is increased to 31.

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2

Leasi, F., and M. A. Todaro. "The gastrotrich community of a north Adriatic Sea site, with a redescription of Musellifer profundus (Chaetonotida: Muselliferidae)." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 90, no. 4 (2009): 645–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315409991068.

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During a survey of the marine meiobenthos in a predominantly muddy area, 40 km south of Venice (northern Adriatic Sea, Italy), 11 species of gastrotrichs were recorded. Gastrotrichs were found in 11 out of the 16 investigated stations, with densities (mean ± standard deviation) ranging from 0.6 ± 0.5 to 97.7 ± 71.2 ind./10 cm2. The community was dominated by Musellifer profundus, which made up 24.5% of the entire gastrotrich assemblage and reached in a single station the abundance peak of 18.3 ind./10 cm2. The finding bears relevance to the biogeography and ecology of several species. The presence of numerous specimens of the rare M. profundus allowed new insights into the arrangement and functioning of the hermaphroditic sexual apparatus in this phylogenetically important genus, for which such data are scanty. The new information will certainly be useful in evolutionary studies aimed at reconstructing the phylogenetic relationships within Gastrotricha, while offering at the same time additional morphological traits to be used in reliable species identification. Although only three species of Musellifer have been described so far, there are several others awaiting a formal affiliation, a task that will benefit from this new information.

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Minowa, Axell K., and André R. S. Garraffoni. "New data on Brazilian semiplanktonic gastrotrichs (Gastrotricha: Chaetonotida)." Zootaxa 5209, no. 1 (2022): 45–68. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5209.1.3.

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KÅNNEBY, TOBIAS, M. ANTONIO TODARO, and ULF JONDELIUS. "One new species and records of Ichthydium Ehrenberg, 1830 (Gastrotricha: Chaetonotida) from Sweden with a key to the genus." Zootaxa 2278, no. 1 (2009): 26–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2278.1.2.

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The freshwater gastrotrich fauna of Sweden is poorly known. Only seven species of freshwater gastrotrichs have been reported so far. This paper is the first in a series of contributions about the Swedish freshwater gastrotrich fauna. Here we describe one new species, Ichthydium skandicum n. sp., from Jämtland, northern Sweden. The new species falls within the boundary of the subgenus Forficulichthys and is morphologically closest to Ichthydium tanytrichum from which it can be differentiated based on the presence of four pairs of dorsal, keeled scales in the posterior trunk region. Moreover, we provide morphometric data for three additional Ichthydium species: I. diacanthum, I. squamigerum and I. tanytrichum, Italian species all of which are reported for the first time outside Italy. Considering the accompanying fauna, a total of thirteen freshwater Gastrotricha are reported for the first time from Sweden. Finally we present a dichotomous key for Ichthydium along with distributional data of the species considered.

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ABUKAWA, SHUSHI, and HIROSHI KAJIHARA. "Comments on the nomenclatural status of two subgeneric names for marine gastrotrichs (Gastrotricha: Xenotrichulidae)." Zootaxa 2732, no. 1 (2011): 68. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2732.1.6.

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ABUKAWA, SHUSHI, KAJIHARA, HIROSHI (2011): Comments on the nomenclatural status of two subgeneric names for marine gastrotrichs (Gastrotricha: Xenotrichulidae). Zootaxa 2732 (1): 68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2732.1.6, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2732.1.6

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6

Suzuki, Takahito G., Masako Maeda, and Hidetaka Furuya. "Two new Japanese species of Gastrotricha (Chaetonotida, Chaetonotidae, Lepidodermella and Dichaeturidae, Dichaetura), with Comments on the Diversity of Gastrotrichs in Rice Paddies." Zootaxa 3691, no. 2 (2013): 229–39. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3691.2.3.

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Suzuki, Takahito G., Maeda, Masako, Furuya, Hidetaka (2013): Two new Japanese species of Gastrotricha (Chaetonotida, Chaetonotidae, Lepidodermella and Dichaeturidae, Dichaetura), with Comments on the Diversity of Gastrotrichs in Rice Paddies. Zootaxa 3691 (2): 229-239, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3691.2.3

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7

Kolicka, Małgorzata, Miroslawa Dabert, Jacek Dabert, Tobias Kånneby, and Jacek Kisielewski. "Bifidochaetus, a new Arctic genus of freshwater Chaetonotida (Gastrotricha) from Spitsbergen revealed by an integrative taxonomic approach." Invertebrate Systematics 30, no. 4 (2016): 398. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/is16001.

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Gastrotricha is a cosmopolitan phylum of aquatic and semi-terrestrial invertebrates that comprises ~820 described species. To date, freshwater gastrotrichs have not been the subject of faunistic or taxonomic research in the polar regions. In this paper, we present the first species-level description of a freshwater gastrotrich from the Arctic (Svalbard Archipelago). Evidence from morphology, morphometry and molecular analyses reveals that the species represents a new genus in Chaetonotidae: Bifidochaetus arcticus, gen. et sp. nov. Taking into consideration many morphological similarities to Chaetonotus (Primochaetus) veronicae Kånneby, 2013 we propose to include C. (P.) veronicae in the newly established genus under the new combination Bifidochaetus veronicae (Kånneby, 2013), comb. nov. In the phylogenetic analysis based on nuclear 18S rRNA, 28S rRNA and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I sequence data, B. arcticus, gen. et sp. nov. is nested within the family Chaetonotidae, as the sister group to the genus Lepidochaetus Kisielewski, 1991. In this paper we also present new taxonomic characters useful for gastrotrich taxonomy: the pharynx-to-intestine length ratio (I) and the spine bifurcation ratio (B).

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8

MINOWA, AXELL K., and ANDRÉ R. S. GARRAFFONI. "New data on Brazilian semiplanktonic gastrotrichs (Gastrotricha: Chaetonotida)." Zootaxa 5209, no. 1 (2022): 45–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5209.1.3.

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Gastrotricha are free-living aquatic microinvertebrates with a ubiquitous distribution. With almost two centuries of accumulated knowledge, currently there are more than 860 described species, but our knowledge on Brazilian Gastrotricha is still far from complete. This statement is even more precise when considering freshwater semiplanktonic gastrotrichs. We aim to contribute to biodiversity knowledge of Brazilian gastrotrichofauna with new records of Dasydytes lamellatus Kisielewski, 1991, Haltidytes pseudosquamosus Minowa & Garraffoni, 2017 and Neogossea acantholla Kisielewski, 1991. We provide morphometric, molecular and phylogenetic data for these species, and the first electron microscopy record of D. lamellatus revealing previously inaccessible characters.

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9

Fromm, Bastian, Juan Pablo Tosar, Felipe Aguilera, Marc R. Friedländer, Lutz Bachmann, and Andreas Hejnol. "Evolutionary Implications of the microRNA- and piRNA Complement of Lepidodermella squamata (Gastrotricha)." Non-Coding RNA 5, no. 1 (2019): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ncrna5010019.

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Gastrotrichs—'hairy bellies’—are microscopic free-living animals inhabiting marine and freshwater habitats. Based on morphological and early molecular analyses, gastrotrichs were placed close to nematodes, but recent phylogenomic analyses have suggested their close relationship to flatworms (Platyhelminthes) within Spiralia. Small non-coding RNA data on e.g., microRNAs (miRNAs) and PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNA) may help to resolve this long-standing question. MiRNAs are short post-transcriptional gene regulators that together with piRNAs play key roles in development. In a ‘multi-omics’ approach we here used small-RNA sequencing, available transcriptome and genomic data to unravel the miRNA- and piRNA complements along with the RNAi (RNA interference) protein machinery of Lepidodermella squamata (Gastrotricha, Chaetonotida). We identified 52 miRNA genes representing 35 highly conserved miRNA families specific to Eumetazoa, Bilateria, Protostomia, and Spiralia, respectively, with overall high similarities to platyhelminth miRNA complements. In addition, we found four large piRNA clusters that also resemble flatworm piRNAs but not those earlier described for nematodes. Congruently, transcriptomic annotation revealed that the Lepidodermella protein machinery is highly similar to flatworms, too. Taken together, miRNA, piRNA, and protein data support a close relationship of gastrotrichs and flatworms.

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Balsamo, Maria, Jean-Loup d’Hondt, Jacek Kisielewski, and Lara Pierboni. "Global diversity of gastrotrichs (Gastrotricha) in fresh waters." Hydrobiologia 595, no. 1 (2007): 85–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10750-007-9006-4.

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11

Chang, Cheon Young, Shin Kubota, and Y. Shirayama. "New Marine Gastrotrichs Of The Family Thaumastodermatidae (Gastrotricha." Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 115 (June 7, 2002): 769–81. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13665940.

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12

Todaro, M. Antonio, Jeffrey Alejandro Sibaja-Cordero, Oscar A. Segura-Bermúdez, et al. "An Introduction to the Study of Gastrotricha, with a Taxonomic Key to Families and Genera of the Group." Diversity 11, no. 7 (2019): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d11070117.

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Gastrotricha is a group of meiofaunal-sized, free-living invertebrates present in all aquatic ecosystems. The phylum includes over 860 species globally, of which 505 nominal species have been recorded in marine sandy sediments; another 355 taxa inhabit the freshwater environments, where they are recurrent members of the periphyton and epibenthos, and, to a lesser degree, of the plankton and interstitial fauna. Gastrotrichs are part of the permanent meiofauna and, in general, they rank among the top five groups for abundance within meiobenthic assemblages. The diversity, abundance, and ubiquity of Gastrotricha allow us to suppose an important role for these animals in aquatic ecosystems; however, ecological studies to prove this idea have been comparatively very few. This is mainly because the small size and transparency of their bodies make gastrotrichs difficult to discover in benthic samples; moreover, their contractility and fragility make their handling and morphological survey of the specimens rather difficult. Here we offer an overview, describe the basic techniques used to study these animals, and provide a key to known genera in an attempt to promote easy identification and to increase the number of researchers who may be interested in conducting studies on this understudied ecological group of microscopic organisms.

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13

Cesaretti, Agata, Francesca Leasi, and M. Antonio Todaro. "Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy Applied to a New Species Helps Understand the Functioning of the Reproductive Apparatus in Stylet-Bearing Urodasys (Gastrotricha: Macrodasyida)." Water 15, no. 6 (2023): 1106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15061106.

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Gastrotrichs are highly diverse and abundant in all aquatic ecosystems; however, they are often overlooked. During a biodiversity survey in Sardinia (Italy), a new species of gastrotrich herein described was discovered. Specimens of Urodasys bifidostylis sp. nov. were found in sandy sediments from two submarine caves. Using an integrative approach of traditional light (DIC) and high-resolution (CLSM) microscopies, we herein reveal, for the first time, the fine structure and function of the reproductive organ in an Urodasys representative. This is particularly relevant considering the complex reproductive organs and strategies of this group. Results allow comparisons between the reproductive apparatus and sperm transfer modalities in Urodasys and the closely related genus Macrodasys. One similarity is that both groups transfer male gametes in packets, suggesting the production of spermatophores to be a common phenomenon in Gastrotricha. Unique to Urodasys is the ability of multiple and consecutive copulations and sperm transfers and, differently than Macrodasys, the transfer of sperms unlikely occurs simultaneously between the two hermaphroditic partners. These findings provide new insights into the reproductive strategies of Urodasys and are expected to advance future studies on the evolution of reproductive strategies and the rise of interspecific reproductive barriers in interstitial meiofauna.

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14

Todaro, M. A., M. Balsamo, and R. M. Kristensen. "A new genus of marine chaetonotids (Gastrotricha), with a description of two new species from Greenland and Denmark." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 85, no. 6 (2005): 1391–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315405012579.

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Two new marine species of Gastrotricha: Chaetonotidae are described from West Greenland and Denmark. Some peculiar features suggest the affiliation of the two species to a new genus, for which the name Diuronotus is proposed. The affinity of these gastrotrichs with species of Musellifer, the only genus entirely marine and hermaphroditic, and possibly the most basal one along the Chaetonotidae evolutionary line, is discussed from a morphological point of view. The span of the geographical distribution of Diuronotus is discussed in the light of a record of an additional co-generic, undescribed species from the USA. The relationships of this genus will be important in reconstructing the evolutionary pathways within Gastrotricha: Chaetonotida.

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15

Trokhymchuk, Roman. "New Reports of Gastrotricha for the North-Eastern Ukraine." Zoodiversity 54, no. 5 (2020): 349–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/zoo2020.05.349.

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Gastrotricha is poor known phylum of small metazoans. Information about Ukrainian gastrotrichs’ fauna is old. In total 9 species are reported in this paper. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) hystrix, Chaetonotus (Primochaetus) heideri,Chaetonotus (Zonochaeta) bisacer, Lepidodermella minor minor, Lepidodermella squamata, Ichthydium maximum and Haltidytes festinans are new to the Ukraine fauna. This investigation is giving also additional information for Chaetonotus (Chaetonotus) maximus, Chaetonotus(Hystricochaetonotus) macrochaetus, which have been previously reported to the Ukraine fauna but are new for Kharkiv oblast. We provide short description of all species and some ecology aspects.

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SALGADO, KELLY FERNANDA ACOSTA, AXELL KOU MINOWA, and ANDRÉ RINALDO SENNA GARRAFFONI. "New records, neotype designation and DNA sequences of three species of Chaetonotus (Gastrotricha: Chaetonotidae) from Brazil." Zootaxa 5213, no. 2 (2022): 101–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5213.2.1.

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Gastrotrichs are aquatic microinvertebrates (less than 1 mm long) commonly found in freshwater and marine environments worldwide. The taxonomy of gastrotrichs is mainly based on external morphological characters, such as body shape and size of the different body regions, presence and distribution of adhesive tubules, or the microstructure of the external cuticle (e.g. scales, spines, cephalic plates). The diversity of Gastrotricha is still poorly known, especially in tropical regions. The aim of this study is to use integrative taxonomy to report new records of Chaetonotus dadayi, C. paucisquamatus and C. furcatus from the states of São Paulo and Minas Gerais, Brazil. In this study we present 1) new records of C. dadayi in Brazil with new morphological information and a first-time comprehensive diagnosis of the species; 2) the redescription of C. paucisquamatus based on material collected at the type locality and the neotype designation; and 3) the first record of C. furcatus outside its type locality. We also discuss the actual occurrence of C. paucisquamatus and C. furcatus in Poland, given that both species were found in artificial environments with flora imported from South America. 

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Saponi, Francesco, and M. Antonio Todaro. "Status of the Italian Freshwater Gastrotricha Biodiversity, with the Creation of an Interactive GIS-Based Web Map." Diversity 16, no. 1 (2023): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d16010017.

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Gastrotricha are microscopic benthic animals found in almost all water bodies. To date, over 890 species distributed in 71 genera, 18 families, and two orders are known. There are 376 freshwater species, and several are also found in Italy; however, a compendium of the studies carried out so far, and a georeferenced distribution of the species, still need to be provided. This project summarizes information about the diversity and geographic distribution of Italian gastrotrichs. Diversity data, acquired over 239 years, were reviewed and corrected based on taxonomic and nomenclatural updates and, in addition to distribution information, were organized into a data matrix valuable for statistical analysis. The data were fed into geographic information system software to understand the overall figures more easily. The results indicated that Italy is one of the best-known countries regarding freshwater gastrotrichs. With 92 species in 17 genera and three families from 61 investigated localities, Italy counts 17 type localities and 19 endemic species. Despite this high biodiversity, many Italian regions still need to be investigated, and should, therefore, be the focus of future research. The implementation of a web-mapping plugin enabled the creation of interactive maps for an easy and modern method for sharing the work done, and the information acquired.

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18

Kieneke, Alexander. "A new species ofThaumastoderma(Gastrotricha: Macrodasyida) from the Antarctic deep sea with a phylogenetic analysis of the whole genus." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 90, no. 3 (2009): 575–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002531540900085x.

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A new species of the marine gastrotrich taxonThaumastodermais described. A single specimen of this species,Thaumastoderma antarcticasp. nov., was extracted from silty sediment sampled at one station of the Andeep-1 cruise, about 150 km to the north of the South Shetland Islands (Drake Passage, South Atlantic Ocean). This paper provides the first record of this genus from the deep sea and the second description of a macrodasyid gastrotrich living in an abyssal habitat. The new species is characterized by several apomorphic features, among them a caudal pair of strongly elongated dorsal cirrata tubes. A phylogenetic analysis of the genusThaumastodermareveals thatTh. antarcticais closely related toTh. coronariumandTh. appendiculatum. Furthermore, the analysis offers an evolutionary scenario and a hypothesis for the internal phylogeny of this taxon while supporting its monophyly. It is the first time a cladistic analysis has been conducted for a delimited group of gastrotrichs, i.e. for all known members of a genus.

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PRIYALAKSHMI, G., N. R. MENON, and M. ANTONIO TODARO. "A new species of Pseudostomella (Gastrotricha: Macrodasyida: Thaumastodermatidae) from a sandy beach of Kerala, India." Zootaxa 1616, no. 1 (2007): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1616.1.5.

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During an interstitial faunal survey along the south-west coast of Kerala, India, gastrotrich fauna were found in abundance. Together with species of the genera Xenotrichula, Halichaetonotus and Tetranchyroderma, were present several undescribed thaumastodermatid gastrotrichs belonging to the buccal palp bearing genus Pseudostomella. Adults of the new species are characterized by the following traits: total body length of about 300 μ m; cuticular armature made up of medium sized pentancres covering the entire dorsolateral surface; pre-buccal, grasping palps bearing five, large papillae dorsally and 4-6 smaller papillae ventrally; adhesive apparatus made up of six anterior, 22-24 ventrolateral, two dorsolateral and six posterior adhesive tubes; caudal organ pear-shaped; frontal organ spherical. Pseudostomella cheraensis sp. nov. is the fourth taxon of the genus known from India; however, all the previous species reported hitherto from India have tetrancres instead of pentancres.

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ABUKAWA, SHUSHI, and HIROSHI KAJIHARA. "Comments on the nomenclatural status of two subgeneric names for marine gastrotrichs (Gastrotricha: Xenotrichulidae)." Zootaxa 2732, no. 1 (2011): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2732.1.6.

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Remane (1927) established the generic name Xenotrichula for a single species of marine gastrotrich, Xenotrichula velox Remane, 1927. Recently, Hummon and Todaro (2010: 22–23) created the new subgenus Velox, designating X. velox as the type species, despite Article 44.1 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (hereafter, the "Code") (ICZN 1999). Because the subgeneric names Xenotrichula Remane, 1927 and Velox Hummon & Todaro, 2010 share the same name-bearing type species, the latter is an objective junior synonym of the former and thus should be regarded as permanently invalid. Hence the nominotypical subgenus must be expressed as Xenotrichula (Xenotrichula) Remane, 1927, and its type species Xenotrichula (Xenotrichula) velox.

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21

Weiss, Mitchell J. "Widespread hermaphroditism in freshwater gastrotrichs." Invertebrate Biology 120, no. 4 (2005): 308–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7410.2001.tb00040.x.

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22

Todaro, M., Renzo Perissinotto, and Sarah Bownes. "Neogosseidae (Gastrotricha, Chaetonotida) from the iSimangaliso Wetland Park, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa." ZooKeys 315 (July 10, 2013): 77–94. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.315.5593.

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Among the mostly benthic gastrotrichs, the Neogosseidae (Gastrotricha, Chaetonotida) are particularly interesting from an evolutionary point of view in virtue of their planktonic lifestyle; yet, they are poorly known and uncertainties concerning morphological traits hamper accurate in-group systematics. During a recent survey of meiofauna in the iSimangaliso Wetland Park, South Africa, two species of Neogosseidae were found in a freshwater pond near Charter’s Creek on the Western Shores of Lake St Lucia. Based on morphological traits, one species has been identified as <i>Neogossea acanthocolla</i>, originally described from Brazil, while the other, affiliated to the genus <i>Kijanebalola</i>, is proposed as new to science. Using a combination of differential interference contrast and scanning electron microscopy, fine anatomical details were observed and are here discussed in a larger taxonomic framework, especially regarding <i>K. devestiva</i> <b>sp. n.</b> Results have also provided reasons for a revision of the diagnostic traits of <i>Kijanebalola,</i> <i>Neogossea </i>and the whole Family Neogosseidae. Besides expanding awareness about the biodiversity hosted by South Africa’s first UNESCO World Heritage Site, our study will be beneficial to future phylogenetic studies of the Gastrotricha based on morphology, by allowing the selection and/or a more precise character coding of traits of phylogenetic relevance.

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Souid, Aicha, Mehrez Gammoudi, Francesco Saponi, M’hamed El El Cafsi, and M. Antonio Todaro. "First Investigation of the Marine Gastrotrich Fauna from the Waters of North Tunisia, with the Description of a New Species of Halichaetonotus (Gastrotricha, Chaetonotida)." Diversity 17, no. 1 (2024): 17. https://doi.org/10.3390/d17010017.

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Gastrotrichs (hairy bellies) are microscopic, acoelomate worms that live in freshwater and marine environments and represent one of the significant components of the meiobenthic communities. There are over 520 marine species, and several of them are also found in the Mediterranean Sea. However, data on the gastrotrich fauna from Tunisia is negligible, with nearly zero annotated records. We have initiated a series of investigations along the Tunisian shores to address this gap. Herein, we report data from four collecting sites on the northern Tunisian coastline. Sandy samples from 2 m water depth yielded 21 species, 11 in the order Macrodasyida and 10 in Chaetonotida. One chaetonotidan new to science is formally described, while morphometric data and photomicrographs are provided for all the others. Incidentally, we report on the longest gastrotrich ever found. Information about the microhabitat’s characteristics, including the water’s salinity and temperature and granulometric parameters of the sediment, are also reported. Finally, we provide information on Tunisian species previously discovered by our team and involved in phylogenetic studies for which morphological data and details about their findings have never been published. We explicitly address and correct the errors in GenBank concerning the attribution of gene sequences for these species.

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Kolicka, Małgorzata, Miroslawa Dabert, Ziemowit Olszanowski, and Jacek Dabert. "Sweet or salty? The origin of freshwater gastrotrichs (Gastrotricha, Chaetonotida) revealed by molecular phylogenetic analysis." Cladistics 36, no. 5 (2020): 458–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cla.12424.

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25

Lee, Jimin, Dongsung Kim, and Cheon Young Chang. "Description of three new Tetranchyroderma gastrotrichs (Macrodasyida: Thaumastodermatidae) from South Korea." Zootaxa 3709, no. 5 (2013): 483–93. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3709.5.6.

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Lee, Jimin, Kim, Dongsung, Chang, Cheon Young (2013): Description of three new Tetranchyroderma gastrotrichs (Macrodasyida: Thaumastodermatidae) from South Korea. Zootaxa 3709 (5): 483-493, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3709.5.6

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Campos, Ariane, and André Rinaldo Senna Garraffoni. "A synopsis of knowledge, zoogeography and an online interactive map of Brazilian marine gastrotrichs." PeerJ 7 (October 18, 2019): e7898. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7898.

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Information regarding the records of Brazilian marine gastrotrichs is presented. We systematized and organized the existing information associated with approximately 23 species (belonging to the genera Aspidiophorus, Chaetonotus, Crasiella, Dactylopodola, Dendrodasys, Draculiciteria, Halichaetonotus, Heteroxenotrichula, Kryptodasys, Macrodasys, Pseudostomella, Ptychostomella, Urodasys and Xenotrichula) from the Brazilian coast (eight endemic) and their 1,581 records from 36 marine ecoregions of the world. A link is provided to an on-line interactive map where all occurrences for each species are shown, accompanied by geographic coordinates, oceans, countries, cities, granulometric characteristics and ecoregions. Furthermore, a critical analysis of the geographical distribution of Brazilian marine gastrotrichs, an estimate of the number of undescribed species, a summary of the existence and status of taxonomical collections are also presented.

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Kolicka, Małgorzata. "Gastrotrichs in bromeliads - newly recorded Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) furcatus Kisielewski, 1991 (Chaetonotida) from the Łódź Palm House." Zoosystema 38, no. 1 (2016): 141–55. https://doi.org/10.5252/z2016n1a5.

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Kolicka, Małgorzata (2016): Gastrotrichs in bromeliads - newly recorded Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) furcatus Kisielewski, 1991 (Chaetonotida) from the Łódź Palm House. Zoosystema 38 (1): 141-155, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n1a5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n1a5

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Todaro, M. Antonio, Agata Cesaretti, and Matteo Dal Zotto. "Marine gastrotrichs from Lanzarote, with a description of a phylogenetically relevant species of Urodasys (Gastrotricha, Macrodasyida)." Marine Biodiversity 49, no. 5 (2017): 2109–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12526-017-0747-7.

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Lee, Jimin, and Cheon Young Chang. "Reconsideration on Two Acanthodasys Species (Gastrotricha: Macrodasyida: Thaumastodermatidae) from Korea, with Nomenclatural Note on Korean Marine Gastrotrichs." Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity 33, no. 1 (2017): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5635/ased.2017.33.1.058.

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Kisielewski, Jacek. "Taxonomic notes on freshwater gastrotrichs of the genus Aspidiophorus Voigt (Gastrotricha: Chaetonotidae), with descritpions of four new species." Fragmenta Faunistica 30, no. 9-16 (1986): 139–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3161/00159301ff1986.30.9.139.

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31

Todaro, M. "A new marine gastrotrich from the State of São Paulo (Brazil), with a key to species of Pseudostomella (Gastrotricha, Thaumastodermatidae)." ZooKeys 223 (September 26, 2012): 39–51. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.223.3975.

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In previous papers, faunistic and preliminary taxonomic data on the gastrotrich communities along the coastline of the Brazilian states of São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro were reported; among the over 40 records, the occurrence of several species new to science was highlighted. One of such new taxa is described here based on observation carried out on living and SEM prepared specimens. <i>Pseudostomella</i> <i>dolichopoda</i> sp. n. (Gastrotricha: Thaumastodermatidae) is the only species in the genus that attains 420 µm in total length, is covered by pentancres and possesses, among others, caudal pedicles up to 45 µm in length. Additional differences with co-generic taxa characterized by a pentancrous covering are discussed. Furthermore, a key to the described <i>Pseudostomella</i> species of the world based on easily discernible traits, visible in both living and formalin-fixed specimens, is provided.

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32

Trokhymchuk, R., and A. Kieneke. "New records of deep-sea Gastrotricha and Tardigrada from Iberian and Canary Basins (Northeast Atlantic) with comments on abyssal meiofauna composition and the meiofauna paradox." Journal of V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Series "Biology", no. 43 (December 23, 2024): 66–84. https://doi.org/10.26565/2075-5457-2024-43-6.

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The “meiofauna paradox” refers to the amphi-oceanic or even cosmopolitan distribution of species of this ecological group, i.e. the marine meiofauna, as opposed to their weak dispersal potential. Dissolving this paradox includes on the one hand the discovery of complexes of genetically distinct but morphological cryptic species with much more limited distribution areas, but also involves the investigation of “stepping stone habitats” like the shelf area of oceanic islands and summits of seamounts. Such biotopes subdivide long distances, e.g. from one continent to the other, into shorter sections. However, what needs to be excluded is a possible distribution of “shallow water meiofauna” simply via population growth and range expansion at the abyssal plains of the world's oceans. In order to test if the abyssal plains may represent a barrier against dispersal of certain marine meiofauna taxa, we studied the composition of the meiofauna from six samples (stations) taken during the expedition IceDivA (SO280) of the R/V Sonne to the Iberian and Canary Basins from abyssal depths (4904-5485 m). The taxonomic focus was put on the Gastrotricha and Tardigrada. The dominant taxa in all samples were nematodes (13.0 - 97.7 ind./cm2) and copepods (0.4 - 9.6 ind./cm2), followed by annelids, kinorhynchs and ostracods. Three Gastrotricha species (Desmodasys sp. iberianA, Desmodasys sp. langsethA, Musellifer sp. iberianA (Musellifer aff. tridentatus)) and one tardigrade (Coronarctus dissimilis) were registered and examined using light microscopy (DIC and CLSM) and SEM. All gastrotrichs from the examined samples presumably represent new and still undescribed species. The range of geographic and bathymetric distribution of Coronarctus dissimilis increases to the Iberian Basin and to a depth of 4163 m. This finding further hints to a potential amphi-Atlantic distribution of this species. We compare our data with those from other studies on seamounts, oceanic islands and from the deep-sea and conclude that the abyssal plains represent a significant barrier against long distance dispersal for most genera (and species) of Gastrotricha and for a certain fraction of genera of Tardigrada, too.

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KOLICKA, MAŁGORZATA. "From saline to salty? Heterolepidoderma sinus (Chaetonotida, Chaetonotidae) from subsaline coal mine settling ponds." Zootaxa 4559, no. 3 (2019): 568. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4559.3.7.

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Gastrotrichs are a permanent and common element of meiofauna communities. They inhabit wide range of aquatic and semi-aquatic niches, including a variety of anthropogenic habitats, such as the sand filters of a cold marine mesocosm (Parent et al. 2001) or palm houses (e.g. Kolicka et al. 2013), and extreme natural habitats like hot springs (Guerne 1888) or hydrothermal vent zones (Kieneke & Zekely 2007).

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Todaro, M. "A new non-naked species of Ptychostomella (Gastrotricha) from Brazil." ZooKeys 289 (April 12, 2013): 13–24. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.289.4683.

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A new species of marine Gastrotricha from Brazil is described and discussed. <em>Ptychostomella lamelliphora </em><strong>sp. n.</strong> is one of the several new taxa that were found during an extensive survey of the gastrotrich fauna carried out in 2002 and 2003 along the coastline of the State of São Paulo. The new species is unique in that it possesses cuticular ornamentations in the form of plate-like structures (scales) along the lateral borders of the body and two massive clusters of densely packed adhesive tubes on the ventral surface, near the ano-genital opening. Both these features appear to be adaptations to challenge the high energy waters that characterize the species’ microhabitat: the coarse sublittoral sand in the channel between the mainland and the largest island in the State, Ihlabela. Additionally, a key to the described <em>Ptychostomella </em>species of the world is provided.

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Ricci, Claudia, and Maria Balsamo. "The biology and ecology of lotic rotifers and gastrotrichs." Freshwater Biology 44, no. 1 (2000): 15–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2427.2000.00584.x.

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FREGNI, ELENA. "The spermatozoa of macrodasyid gastrotrichs: observations by scanning electron microscopy." Invertebrate Reproduction & Development 34, no. 1 (1998): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07924259.1998.9652348.

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37

GRILLI, PAOLO, REINHARDT MØBJERG KRISTENSEN, and MARIA BALSAMO. "Heterolepidoderma caudosquamatum (Gastrotricha: Chaetonotida), a new species from brackish waters of Denmark." Zootaxa 2173, no. 1 (2009): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2173.1.5.

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A new species of Gastrotricha Chaetonotida was found in Denmark: it is the first gastrotrich finding from Danish brackish waters. The diagnostic scales at the dorsal posterior end account for the proposed name Heterolepidoderma caudosquamatum. The morphological affinity of the new species with marine species of the genus supports its marine origin.

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SUZUKI, TAKAHITO G., and HIDETAKA FURUYA. "Two new species of Chaetonotus (Gastrotricha, Chaetonotida, Chaetonotidae) from Japan TAKAHITO G. SUZUKI & HIDETAKA FURUYA (Japan)." Zootaxa 3011, no. 1 (2011): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3011.1.3.

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Two new species of freshwater gastrotrichs are described from a pond in Osaka, Japan. Chaetonotus retiformis n. sp. is a medium size species attaining a length of 180 μm, characterized by a three-lobed head with a single tuft of sensory cilia on each side and small scales with four long spines on the base of each member of the furca. Chaetonotus machikanensis n. sp. is a small size species attaining a length of 110 μm in length, characterized by a five-lobed head with a two tufts of sensory cilia on each side and large scales with long barbed spines.

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Hochberg, R., and M. K. Litvaitis. "Ultrastructural and immunocytochemical observations of the nervous systems of three macrodasyidan gastrotrichs." Acta Zoologica 84, no. 3 (2003): 171–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1463-6395.2003.00144.x.

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Fregni, Elena. "A practice in the extraction of gastrotrichs from marine and freshwater sediments." Italian Journal of Zoology 65, no. 2 (1998): 203–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11250009809386747.

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Balsamo, Maria, and Elena Fregni. "Gastrotrichs from interstitial fresh water, with a description of four new species." Hydrobiologia 302, no. 2 (1995): 163–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00027040.

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42

KIENEKE, ALEXANDER, and OLE RIEMANN. "First record of rare dasydytid gastrotrich Setopus tongiorgii (Balsamo, 1982) from central Europe with some biological data." Zootaxa 1680, no. 1 (2008): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1680.1.4.

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Members of the freshwater family Dasydytidae belong to the rarest gastrotrichs although some species like Stylochaeta scirtetica may develop high population densities (Schwank 1990). The taxon Dasydytidae is characterised by several apomorphic features correlated to a semi-planktonic lifestyle. Species of Dasydytidae have, for example, completely lost their caudal adhesive tubes, they possess a system of ciliary bands in the head region with which they swim like ciliated larvae of annelids, and most species have motile spines to perform saltatory movements in the water column. So far, our knowledge on the biology, life cycle and their distribution is very limited. This is probably due to the rareness and difficult preparation and handling of Dasydytidae.

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Lee, Ji Min, and Cheon Young Chang. "Two New Marine Gastrotrichs of the Genus Ptychostomella (Macrodasyida, Thaumastodermatidae) from South Korea." Zoological Science 20, no. 4 (2003): 481–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2108/zsj.20.481.

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Todaro, M. Antonio. "Chaetonotus triacanthus and Heteroxenotrichula texana, Two New Chaetonotid Gastrotrichs from the Gulf of Mexico." Transactions of the American Microscopical Society 113, no. 1 (1994): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3226575.

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Kolicka, Małgorzata. "Gastrotrichs in bromeliads — newly recordedChaetonotus(Hystricochaetonotus)furcatusKisielewski, 1991 (Chaetonotida) from the Łódź Palm House." Zoosystema 38, no. 1 (2016): 141–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n1a5.

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46

Leasi, Francesca, Birgen H. Rothe, Andreas Schmidt-Rhaesa, and M. Antonio Todaro. "The musculature of three species of gastrotrichs surveyed with confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM)." Acta Zoologica 87, no. 3 (2006): 171–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-6395.2006.00230.x.

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Danovaro, Roberto, Antonio Pusceddu, Simone Mirto, and Mauro Fabiano. "Meiofaunal assemblages associated with scallop beds (Adamussium colbecki) in the coastal sediments of Terra Nova Bay (Ross Sea, Antarctica)." Antarctic Science 11, no. 4 (1999): 415–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102099000528.

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Meiofaunal community structure in coastal sediments of Terra Nova Bay (Ross Sea) was related to quantity and biochemical composition of sedimentary organic matter. The sediments were generally characterized by large amounts of chloropigments and labile compounds (dominated by proteins), indicating high inputs of primary organic matter. Meiofaunal densities were very high and comparable to those from the most productive areas worldwide. Sediments with high densities of the scallop had low meiofaunal densities especially in the top 2 cm, suggesting that scallop clapping contributed to meiofauna resuspension. However, it is not possible to exclude the probability that meiofauna are part of the scallop beds apparently have an important role in structuring meiofaunal communities with nematodes dominant where Adamussium colbecki is absent, and gastrotrichs dominant (44–51%) in A. colbecki beds, reaching the highest density reported so far.

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Hummon, William. "Marine Gastrotricha of the Near East: 1. Fourteen new species of Macrodasyida and a redescription of Dactylopodola agadasys Hochberg, 2003." ZooKeys 94 (May 3, 2011): 1–59. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.94.794.

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The near eastern geographical region is almost devoid of reports of macrodasyidan gastrotrichs, the exceptions themselves being part of this study. Here, as Part 1 are described fourteen new Macrodasyida from countries of the Near East (Cyprus, Egypt and Israel, representing both the Mediterranean and the Red Seas), and a redescription of the previously described Dactylopodolidae: <em>Dactylopodola agadasys</em> Hochberg, 2002. The new species are: Cephalodasyidae (2) - <em>Cephalodasys dolichosomus</em>; <em>Cephalodasys saegailus</em>; Dactylopodolidae (1) <em>Dendrodasys rubomarinus</em>; Macrodasyidae (5) - <em>Macrodasys imbricatus</em>; <em>Macrodasys macrurus</em>; <em>Macrodasys nigrocellus</em>; <em>Macrodasys scleracrus</em>; <em>Urodasys toxostylus</em>; Thaumastodermatidae (4) - <em>Tetranchyroderma corallium</em>; <em>Tetranchyroderma rhopalotum</em>; <em>Tetranchyroderma sinaiensis</em>; <em>Tetranchyroderma xenodactylum</em>; Turbanellidae (2) - <em>Paraturbanella levantia</em>; <em>Turbanella erythrothalassia</em> - <strong>spp. n.</strong>

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Garraffoni, André Rinaldo, Thiago Araujo, Anete Lourenço, and Maria Balsamo. "New data on freshwater psammic Gastrotricha from Brazil." ZooKeys 60 (October 7, 2010): 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.60.495.

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Current knowledge of freshwater gastrotrich fauna from Brazil is underestimated as only two studies are available. The present communication is a taxonomic account of the first-ever survey of freshwater Gastrotricha in Minas Gerais State. Samplings were carried out yielding six species of three Chaetonotidae genera: <em>Aspidiophorus</em> cf. <em>pleustonicus</em>, <em>Ichthydium</em> cf. <em>chaetiferum</em>, <em>Chaetonotus acanthocephalus</em>, <em>C. heideri</em>, <em>C.</em> cf. <em>succinctus</em>, <em>Chaetonotus</em> sp., and also an undescribed species belonging to the genus <em>Redudasys</em> (<em>incertae sedis</em>): this is the first finding of specimens of <em>Redudasys</em> outside of original type locality. These preliminary observations suggest that the knowledge of the biodiversity of Gastrotricha in the Minas Gerais State, as well as in the whole Brazil, will certainly increase as further investigations are undertaken, and that freshwater Macrodasyida may be more common than previously thought.

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SUZUKI, TAKAHITO G., MASAKO MAEDA, and HIDETAKA FURUYA. "Two new Japanese species of Gastrotricha (Chaetonotida, Chaetonotidae, Lepidodermella and Dichaeturidae, Dichaetura), with Comments on the Diversity of Gastrotrichs in Rice Paddies." Zootaxa 3691, no. 2 (2013): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3691.2.3.

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