Academic literature on the topic 'GOOGLE – INTERNET – MONOPOLIST - NETWORK'

The thesis is concerned with a content network within the scope of online advertising and evaluation of factors of its success within online campaigns. The introductory part deals with the most common revenue models of online marketing and categorizing methods of online advertising regarding their specifics. The body of the paper describes metrics and a method of targeting applied in contemporaneous practice and furthermore introduces evaluation indicators in online marketing for content networks used in final analysis. The thesis presents and compares advertising systems for targeting in a content network. The goal of the paper is to show impact evaluation of chosen settings of advertising campaigns on their success, more specifically on possibilities of targeting and formulation of recommendations for their management.

Cette thèse, dans le cadre des Sciences de l'Information et de la Communication, aborde la question de la protection des données personnelles sur l’internet à travers l’étude des discours de quatre acteurs concernés par ce sujet : les entreprises de l’internet, les instances régulatrices, la population française et la presse nationale. L’objectif est de comprendre comment, à travers les discours de chacun de ces acteurs, se dessinent la question du brouillage des sphères privée et publique sur l’internet. C’est une question qui prend de l’ampleur avec le développement de l’internet, notamment avec la multiplication des réseaux socionumériques, qui offrent aux internautes différentes possibilités pour afficher leur extimité. La multiplication des dispositifs de mise en relation interpersonnelle s'accompagne alors d'une nouvelle dialectique contemporaine entre le privé et le public, pas toujours maîtrisée par les personnes concernées.Cette interaction entre le public et le privé induit un déplacement de la frontière qui sépare les deux sphères et peut entraîner certaines dérives de la part des entreprises spécialisées, telles Google ou Facebook, par rapport à l'agrégation des données personnelles des internautes. En effet, les bases de données sont au cœur du système économique de ces entreprises et ont acquis une valeur marchande liée à des enjeux essentiels par rapport à leur fonctionnement. Or, l’utilisation commerciale des ces données n’est pas nécessairement connue par l’utilisateur et peut être réalisée sans son accord, du moins de manière explicite. Ce double questionnement lié au brouillage des sphères privée et publique, c'est-à-dire, premièrement, l’aspect individuel où l’internaute est incité à dévoiler de plus en plus d’éléments personnels, et, deuxièmement, l’aspect lié à la marchandisation des données par les entreprises de l’internet, engendre alors la question de la confidentialité des données et des libertés individuelles. Les instances régulatrices, que ce soit à l’échelle de la France ou de l’Union Européenne, tentent d’apporter des réponses afin de protéger l’internaute en mettant en place des actions concernant le droit à l’oubli ou en poursuivant juridiquement Google, par exemple, lorsque l’entreprise ne se conforme pas aux lois en vigueur sur le territoire concerné.Les différents angles d’approche ainsi que la diversité des acteurs étudiés ont nécessité la constitution d’un corpus multidimentionnel afin d’avoir une approche comparative des différents représentations. Ce corpus comprend à la fois des textes inscrits comme les discours politiques, les discours des instances régulatrices, les discours des entreprises de l’internet, plus spécifiquement Google et Facebook ou les discours de presse qui occupent une position méta-discursive puisqu’ils se font l’écho des discours des acteurs précédemment énoncés. Il comprend aussi des discours oraux constitués d’entretiens spécialement réalisés dans le cadre de cette recherche auprès d’individus pris au hasard de la population française. Une analyse quantitative des discours entre 2010 et 2013, période contemporaine à la thèse, a permis d’effectuer un premier tri et de ne sélectionner que les discours les plus pertinents par rapport à nos hypothèses. L’analyse qualitative qui a suivi a été basée sur le cadre théorique précédemment élaboré afin de croiser les représentations des acteurs à propos des données personnelles et mettre en évidence les différentes visions inhérentes à cette question<br>This thesis, in Communication and Information Sciences, raises the question of the internet personal data protection through the discourses analysis of four actors concerned with this subject: internet companies, authorities regulating, French population and national press. The objective is to understand how, through the discourses of each one of these actors, the question of the jamming of the spheres private and public about the Internet takes shape. It is a question which increases with the development of the Internet, in particular with the multiplication of the social digital network, which gives to the Internet users various opportunities to display their privacy. The multiplication of the interpersonal relationship devices connection is then accompanied by a contemporary dialectical between private and public spheres, not always controlled by concerned people.This interaction between private and public leads to a transfert of the border wich separates the two spheres and can involves some drifts on behalf of specialized companies, such Google and Facebook, toward the aggregation of personal data contents. Indeed, databases are central in the economic system of these companies and gained a commercial value. However, the commercial use as of these data is not necessarily known by the user and can be realized without its agreement, at least in an explicit way. This double questioning related to the jamming of the private and public spheres, i.e., firstly, the individual aspect where the Internet user is incited to reveal personal elements more and more, and, secondly, the related aspect with the selling of the data by the Internet companies, then generates the question of the individual freedom and data confidentiality. The regulating authorities, in France or in European Union, try to provide answers in order to protect the Internet users by setting up actions relating to the right to be forgotten or by prosecuting Google, for example, when the company does not conform to the laws in force on the territory concerned. The various angles of incidence as well as the diversity of the studied actors required the constitution of a multidimentional corpus in order to have a comparative approach of the different representations. This corpus includes texts registered like political discourses, regulating authorities speeches, companies of the Internet speeches, specifically Google and Facebook, or press speeches which occupy a meta-discursive position since they repeat speeches of the actors previously stated. It includes also oral speeches made up of talks especially recorded for this research with some persons taken randomly in the French population. A quantitative analysis of the discourses between 2010 and 2013, contemporary period with the thesis, permit to carry out a first sorting and to select only the most relevant speeches compared to our hypothesis. The qualitative analysis which followed was based on the theoretical framework previously elaborate in order to cross the representations of the actors in connection with the personal data and to highlight the various visions about this question

The thesis deals with the analysis of selling method for special literature and suggests the solution how to realize electronic commerce in condition of minimal costs. It concentrates on the offer propagation using online tools and social networks, and gives the instruction how to deal with the solution of selling on the internet.

This study set out to establish an informed framework for the use of social network services in South African museums. Social network services are utilised by a wide demographic spectrum so they offer a cost-effective way to engage with communities and with existing and new stakeholders. The Standard of Generally Recognised Accounting Practice on Heritage Assets, or GRAP 103, and the draft National Policy on Digitisation of Heritage Resources imply that museum collections get documented and managed in digital form. It will coincidentally also enable museums to embrace the use of social network services and share the collections in their custody with many South Africans who are yet to experience the value of museums in the country. Museums are institutions in the service of society which acquires, conserves and communicates the tangible and intangible heritage of people and their environment. During the twentieth century museums have had to reinvent themselves from being unapproachable custodians of heritage to being part of society, willing to engage in discourses and be transformed to remain relevant to the communities they serve. The 2011 Census has found that about 18.2 million of 51.7 million South Africans have had access to the Internet before. Active Internet users however, are about half that figure because it is expensive, the broadband and telecommunications network is not efficient or because people have not yet experienced the value it offers. Government regulations compel Information and Communication Technology (ICT) enterprises to spend 1.5% net profit after tax on socio economic development initiatives. This presents an opportunity for museums as educational institutions to engage with such enterprises to expand Internet access and engage with local communities. The social network service field offers various ways to communicate collections and engage with communities through text, photographs, video and location-based technologies. Various notable local and international initiatives were discussed in this study. For example the Kulturpool which allows visitors to create cyber collections from digitised museum objects and contribute to the knowledge of such objects by allowing them to submit and share information for others to read. SAHRIS, the digital database offered by the South African Heritage Resources Agency, holds the key to similar ventures that museums could pursue. The regulative framework involves privacy, copyright and ethical issues which museums should abide by. Because of the pervasiveness of ICTs museums should take note of these regulations even if they decide not to pursue social network initiatives. ICT skills in museums are insufficient and should be improved upon. Social network services offer training and guidelines on how to use them, which could be a great help provided the reader has a good command of the English language. Cognisance must be taken of an overview social network services and their uses, and of the ethical and regulative framework for museums to benefit from using social network services to engage with communities. This way, communities may benefit from having access to the museum online.<br>Dissertation (MHCS)--University of Pretoria, 2014.<br>gm2014<br>Historical and Heritage Studies<br>unrestricted

Les médias sociaux occupent un rôle grandissant dans de nombreux domaines de notre vie quotidienne. Parmi d'autres, les réseaux sociaux tels que Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn et Google+ dont la popularité a explosé ces dernières années, attirent des millions d'utilisateurs qui se communiquent, publient et partagent des informations et contenus à un rythme sans précédent. Outre les avantages reconnus, les réseaux sociaux ont également soulevé des problèmes divers. Nous sommes particulièrement intéressés par deux problèmes spécifiques : surcharge d'information et cloisonnement de données. Ces deux problèmes empêchent les utilisateurs d'exploiter pleinement et efficacement la richesse des informations poussées sur les réseaux sociaux. Les utilisateurs ont des difficultés pour filtrer tous les contenus reus, pour découvrir de nouveaux contenus au-delà de leurs réseaux personnels, et surtout pour partager les contenus intéressants avec leurs différents groupes d'intérêt. Pour aider les utilisateurs à surmonter ces difficultés, nous proposons une Approche centrée sur utilisateur et basée groupe pour filtrer et partager des données sociales. Cette nouvelle approche a un double objectif : (1) permettre aux utilisateurs d'agréger leurs données sociales en provenance de différents réseaux sociaux, d'en extraire des contenus de leur intérêt et (2) organiser et partager les contenus au sein de différents groupes. Les membres d'un groupe sont en outre en mesure de choisir quelle partie de leurs données à partager avec le groupe et définir collectivement les sujets d’intérêt de ce dernier. Pour implémenter l'approche proposée, nous spécifions une architecture de système comprenant plusieurs modules extensibles, et nous développons un prototype fonctionnel basé Web, appelé SoCoSys. Les résultats expérimentaux, obtenus des deux tests différents, valident les valeurs ajoutées de notre approche<br>The social media have played an increasingly important role in many areas of our every day life. Among others, social network sites such as Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter and Google+ have recently exploded in popularity by attracting millions of users, who communicate with each other, share and publish information and contents at an unprecedented rate. Besides the recognized advantages, social network sites have also raised various issues and challenges. We are particularly interested in two of them, information overload and "walled gardens". These two problems prevent the users from fully and efficiently exploiting thewealth of information available on social network sites. The users have difficulties to filter all incoming contents, to discover additional contents from outside of their friend circles, and importantly to share interesting contents with their different groups of interest. For helping the users to overcome such difficulties, we propose a User-centered and group- based approach for social data filtering and sharing. This novel approach has a twofold purpose : (1) allow the users to aggregate their social data from different social network sites, and to extract from those data the contents of their interest, and (2) organize and share the contents within different groups. The members of a group are moreover able to choose which part of their social data to share with the group, and collectively define its topics of interest. To achieve the proposed approach, we define a modular system architecture including a number of extensible modules, and accordingly build a working Web-based prototype, called SoCoSys. The experimental results, obtained from the two different tests, confirm the added values of our approach

The theme of this diploma theses is surveillance capitalism. Its aim is to provide comprehensive insight into the key aspects of this phenomenon that has a significant impact on the global economy and society as a whole. The first part of the thesis deals with the topic of information society and its transformational effect on the economical sphere and surveillance system. It reveals some of the key issues following this new state of society and postmodern surveillance practices as well. The second part of the thesis aims to define what is meant by surveillance capitalism, to uncover the principles and the economic imperatives that dominate various stages of the development and finally to outline the threats and ethical problems this new logic of assimilation has brought in.