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Journal articles on the topic 'Graphene flexible foam'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 20 July 2025

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1

Nathan, Stuart. "Flexible Power for Wearable Devices." Engineer 297, no. 7889 (2018): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/s0013-7758(23)90698-7.

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2

Shao, Changxiang, Tong Xu, Jian Gao, Yuan Liang, Yang Zhao, and Liangti Qu. "Flexible and integrated supercapacitor with tunable energy storage." Nanoscale 9, no. 34 (2017): 12324–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7nr04889k.

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3

Wei, Nan, Qiucheng Li, Shan Cong, et al. "Direct synthesis of flexible graphene glass with macroscopic uniformity enabled by copper-foam-assisted PECVD." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 7, no. 9 (2019): 4813–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ta00299e.

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The copper-foam-assisted PECVD approach harnesses the direct production of flexible graphene glass at relatively low temperatures, which readily serve in flexible and wearable electronic and energy applications.

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4

Güneş, Fethullah. "A direct synthesis of Si-nanowires on 3D porous graphene as a high performance anode material for Li-ion batteries." RSC Advances 6, no. 2 (2016): 1678–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra18353g.

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A facile direct fabrication route to the synthesis of Si-nanowires on a highly conductive porous 3D graphene network of graphene foam utilizing a conductive flexible support and facilitating improved Si-mass loadings is demonstrated.

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5

Chen, Minfeng, Weijun Zhou, Jizhang Chen, and Junling Xu. "Rendering Wood Veneers Flexible and Electrically Conductive through Delignification and Electroless Ni Plating." Materials 12, no. 19 (2019): 3198. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12193198.

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Wood has unique advantages. However, the rigid structure and intrinsic insulating nature of wood limit its applications. Herein, a two-step process is developed to render wood veneers conductive and flexible. In the first step, most of the lignin and hemicellulose in the wood veneer are removed by hydrothermal treatment. In the second step, electroless Ni plating and subsequent pressing are carried out. The obtained Ni-plated veneer is flexible and bendable, and has a high tensile strength of 21.9 and 4.4 MPa along and across the channel direction, respectively, the former of which is considerably higher than that of carbon cloth and graphene foam. Moreover, this product exhibits high electrical conductivity around 1.1 × 103 S m−1, which is comparable to that of carbon cloth and graphene foam, and significantly outperforms previously reported wood-based conductors. This work reveals an effective strategy to transform cheap and renewable wood into a high value-added product that rivals expensive carbon cloth and graphene foam. The obtained product is particularly promising as a current collector for flexible and wearable electrochemical energy storage devices such as supercapacitors and Li-ion batteries.

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6

Yang, Ping’an, Sha Xiang, Rui Li, et al. "Highly Stretchable and Sensitive Flexible Strain Sensor Based on Fe NWs/Graphene/PEDOT:PSS with a Porous Structure." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 16 (2022): 8895. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23168895.

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With the rapid development of wearable smart electronic products, high-performance wearable flexible strain sensors are urgently needed. In this paper, a flexible strain sensor device with Fe NWs/Graphene/PEDOT:PSS material added under a porous structure was designed and prepared. The effects of adding different sensing materials and a different number of dips with PEDOT:PSS on the device performance were investigated. The experiments show that the flexible strain sensor obtained by using Fe NWs, graphene, and PEDOT:PSS composite is dipped in polyurethane foam once and vacuum dried in turn with a local linearity of 98.8%, and the device was stable up to 3500 times at 80% strain. The high linearity and good stability are based on the three-dimensional network structure of polyurethane foam, combined with the excellent electrical conductivity of Fe NWs, the bridging and passivation effects of graphene, and the stabilization effect of PEDOT:PSS, which force the graphene-coated Fe NWs to adhere to the porous skeleton under the action of PEDOT:PSS to form a stable three-dimensional conductive network. Flexible strain sensor devices can be applied to smart robots and other fields and show broad application prospects in intelligent wearable devices.

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7

Cai, Chaoyue, Jialong Fu, Chengyan Zhang, et al. "Highly flexible reduced graphene oxide@polypyrrole–polyethylene glycol foam for supercapacitors." RSC Advances 10, no. 49 (2020): 29090–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ra05199c.

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8

Zhang, Zheye, Kai Chi, Fei Xiao, and Shuai Wang. "Advanced solid-state asymmetric supercapacitors based on 3D graphene/MnO2 and graphene/polypyrrole hybrid architectures." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 3, no. 24 (2015): 12828–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ta02685g.

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Two types of 3D architectured electrodes, i.e., graphene wrapped nickel foam Ni/GF/MnO<sub>2</sub> and Ni/GF/polypyrrole (PPy), were successfully fabricated for high performance flexible solid-state asymmetric supercapacitors.

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9

Ma, Xiaoxuan, Xusong Liu, Jiupeng Zhao, et al. "Improved cycling stability of MoS2-coated carbon nanotubes on graphene foam as flexible anodes for lithium-ion batteries." New Journal of Chemistry 41, no. 2 (2017): 588–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6nj02238c.

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10

Yu, Pingping, Xin Zhao, Zilong Huang, Yingzhi Li, and Qinghua Zhang. "Free-standing three-dimensional graphene and polyaniline nanowire arrays hybrid foams for high-performance flexible and lightweight supercapacitors." J. Mater. Chem. A 2, no. 35 (2014): 14413–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ta02721c.

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11

Chabi, Sakineh, Chuang Peng, Zhuxian Yang, Yongde Xia, and Yanqiu Zhu. "Three dimensional (3D) flexible graphene foam/polypyrrole composite: towards highly efficient supercapacitors." RSC Advances 5, no. 6 (2015): 3999–4008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra13743d.

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12

Zhong, Ding, Li, et al. "Facile Fabrication of Conductive Graphene/Polyurethane Foam Composite and Its Application on Flexible Piezo-Resistive Sensors." Polymers 11, no. 8 (2019): 1289. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11081289.

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Flexible pressure sensors have attracted tremendous research interests due to their wide applications in wearable electronics and smart robots. The easy-to-obtain fabrication and stable signal output are meaningful for the practical application of flexible pressure sensors. The graphene/polyurethane foam composites are prepared to develop a convenient method for piezo-resistive devices with simple structure and outstanding sensing performance. Graphene oxide was prepared through the modified Hummers method. Polyurethane foam was kept to soak in the obtained graphene oxide aqueous solution and then dried. After that, reduced graphene oxide/polyurethane composite foam has been fabricated under air phase reduction by hydrazine hydrate vapor. The chemical components and micro morphologies of the prepared samples have been observed by using FT-IR and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results predicted that the graphene is tightly adhered to the bare surface of the pores. The pressure sensing performance has been also evaluated by measuring the sensitivity, durability, and response time. The results indicate that the value of sensitivity under the range of 0–6 kPa and 6–25 kPa are 0.17 kPa−1 and 0.005 kPa−1, respectively. Cycling stability test has been performed 30 times under three varying pressures. The signal output just exhibits slight fluctuations, which represents the good cycling stability of the pressure sensor. At the same stage, the response time of loading and unloading of 20 g weight turned out to be about 300 ms. These consequences showed the superiority of graphene/polyurethane composite foam while applied in piezo-resistive devices including wide sensitive pressure range, high sensitivity, outstanding durability, and fast response.

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13

Li, Tong, Juan Du, Mi Xu, Zhuoyu Song, and Mingfa Ren. "Lightweight and Flexible Graphene Foam Composite with Improved Damping Properties." Nanomaterials 12, no. 8 (2022): 1260. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12081260.

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As an elastomer, PDMS can effectively suppress vibration in various fields in a certain temperature range by its viscoelastic behavior in the vitrification transition region, but the vibration isolation effect is poor at high temperature. In this paper, a three-dimensional graphene oxide (GO) foam is fabricated by solution processing method and freeze-drying techniques. After sequential infiltration synthesis, a GO-foam-reinforced PDMS nanocomposite (GO/PDMS) is fabricated with improved damping ability. By adjusting the content of GO, the micros-tructure of GO foam can be sensitively changed, which is crucial to the damping properties of composites. In this paper, by the dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) of pure PDMS and five kinds of GO/PDMS composites, it is proved that the GO/PDMS composites developed in this work have reliable elasticity and viscoelasticity at 25 °C, which is 100 °C higher than the applicable temperature of pure PDMS. The storage modulus can reach 3.58 MPa, and the loss modulus can reach 0.45 MPa, which are 1.87 times and 2.0 times of pure PDMS, respectively. This GO-based nanocomposite is an ideal candidate for damping materials in passive vibration isolation devices.

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14

Pan, Haifeng, Bihao Yu, Wei Wang, Ying Pan, Lei Song, and Yuan Hu. "Comparative study of layer by layer assembled multilayer films based on graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide on flexible polyurethane foam: flame retardant and smoke suppression properties." RSC Advances 6, no. 115 (2016): 114304–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra15522g.

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Flame retardant multilayer films based on graphene materials were deposited on the surface of flexible polyurethane (FPU) foam by an advanced layer by layer assembly method (hybrid bilayer approach) in an effort to reduce its flammability.

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15

Pan, Haifeng, Yushi Lu, Lei Song, Xiaotao Zhang, and Yuan Hu. "Fabrication of binary hybrid-filled layer-by-layer coatings on flexible polyurethane foams and studies on their flame-retardant and thermal properties." RSC Advances 6, no. 82 (2016): 78286–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra03760g.

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A binary hybrid-filled flame-retardant coating, consisting of graphene oxide (GO) and amino-terminated silica nanospheres (KH-550-SiO<sub>2</sub>), was fabricated onto a flexible polyurethane (FPU) foam using the layer-by-layer assembly method.

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16

Li, Yang, Xueliang Pei, Bin Shen, Wentao Zhai, Lihua Zhang, and Wenge Zheng. "Polyimide/graphene composite foam sheets with ultrahigh thermostability for electromagnetic interference shielding." RSC Advances 5, no. 31 (2015): 24342–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra16421k.

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17

Guo, Yunzhou, Xiao Zhou, Qianqiu Tang, Hua Bao, Gengchao Wang, and Petr Saha. "A self-healable and easily recyclable supramolecular hydrogel electrolyte for flexible supercapacitors." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 4, no. 22 (2016): 8769–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ta01441k.

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A novel ferric ion cross-linked PAA supramolecular hydrogel electrolyte (Fe<sup>3+</sup>/PAA) with self-healing ability and easy-recyclability is fabricated and assembled with graphene foam supported polypyrrole electrodes (GF@PPy) to test its electrochemical performance.

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18

Liu, Jinzhang, Bin Wang, Francesca Mirri, Matteo Pasquali, and Nunzio Motta. "High performance solid-state supercapacitors based on compressed graphene foam." RSC Advances 5, no. 103 (2015): 84836–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra13914g.

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19

Manjakkal, Libu, Carlos García Núñez, Wenting Dang, and Ravinder Dahiya. "Flexible self-charging supercapacitor based on graphene-Ag-3D graphene foam electrodes." Nano Energy 51 (September 2018): 604–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2018.06.072.

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20

Abdul Samad, Yarjan, Yuanqing Li, and Kin liao. "A Novel Graphene Foam for Low and High Strains and Pressure Sensing Applications." MRS Advances 1, no. 1 (2016): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2016.20.

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ABSTRACTWe are reporting the formation of free-standing graphene foam (GF) via a novel two-step process, in which a polyurethane (PU) foam is first dip-coated with graphene oxide (GO) and subsequently the dried GO-coated-PU is heated in nitrogen atmosphere at 1000°C. During the pyrolysis of the GO-coated-PU, GO is reduced to GF whereas PU is simultaneously decomposed and released completely as volatiles in a step wise mass-loss mechanism. Morphology of the formed GF conforms to that of the pure PU foam as indicated by the scanning electronic micrographs. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) was successfully infiltrated inside the GF to form flexible and stretch-able conductors. The GF-PDMS composite was tested for it’s pressure and strain sensing capabilities. It is shown that a 30% compressive strain changes resistance of the GF-PDMS composite to about 800% of it’s original value. Since density of the formed GF is tunable, therefore, the pressure/strain sensivity of the GF-PDMS composite is also tunable.

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21

Tang, Xiaolan, Rizwan Ur Rehman Sagar, Mingming Luo, et al. "Graphene foam – polymer based electronic skin for flexible tactile sensor." Sensors and Actuators A: Physical 327 (August 2021): 112697. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2021.112697.

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22

Jiang, Xiangfen, Chenyang Xu, Tiao Gao, et al. "Flexible conductive polymer composite materials based on strutted graphene foam." Composites Communications 25 (June 2021): 100757. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coco.2021.100757.

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23

Lee, C., B. J. Kim, and J. Kim. "(Invited) Flexible 3-Dimensional Graphene Foam-Based NO2 Gas Sensors." ECS Transactions 61, no. 4 (2014): 79–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/06104.0079ecst.

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24

Li, Wentao, Jianxin Zhou, Wei Sheng, Yuxi Jia, Wenjie Xu, and Tao Zhang. "Highly Flexible and Compressible 3D Interconnected Graphene Foam for Sensitive Pressure Detection." Micromachines 15, no. 11 (2024): 1355. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi15111355.

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A flexible pressure sensor, capable of effectively detecting forces exerted on soft or deformable surfaces, has demonstrated broad application in diverse fields, including human motion tracking, health monitoring, electronic skin, and artificial intelligence systems. However, the design of convenient sensors with high sensitivity and excellent stability is still a great challenge. Herein, we present a multi-scale 3D graphene pressure sensor composed of two types of 3D graphene foam. The sensor exhibits a high sensitivity of 0.42 kPa−1 within the low-pressure range of 0–390 Pa and 0.012 kPa−1 within the higher-pressure range of 0.4 to 42 kPa, a rapid response time of 62 ms, and exceptional repeatability and stability exceeding 10,000 cycles. These characteristics empower the sensor to realize the sensation of a drop of water, the speed of airflow, and human movements.

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25

Aghelinejad, Mohammadmehdi, and Siu Leung. "Thermoelectric Nanocomposite Foams Using Non-Conducting Polymers with Hybrid 1D and 2D Nanofillers." Materials 11, no. 9 (2018): 1757. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11091757.

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A facile processing strategy to fabricate thermoelectric (TE) polymer nanocomposite foams with non-conducting polymers is reported in this study. Multilayered networks of graphene nanoplatelets (GnPs) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are deposited on macroporous polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) foam templates using a layer-by-layer (LBL) assembly technique. The open cellular structures of foam templates provide a platform to form segregated 3D networks consisting of one-dimensional (1D) and/or two-dimensional (2D) carbon nanoparticles. Hybrid nanostructures of GnP and MWCNT networks synergistically enhance the material system’s electrical conductivity. Furthermore, the polymer foam substrates possess high porosity to provide ultra-low thermal conductivity without compromising the electrical conductivity of the TE nanocomposites. With an extremely low GnP loading (i.e., ~1.5 vol.%), the macroporous PVDF nanocomposites exhibit a thermoelectric figure-of-merit of ~10−3. To the best of our knowledge, this ZT value is the highest value reported for organic TE materials using non-conducting polymers and MWCNT/GnP nanofillers. The proposed technique represents an industrially viable approach to fabricate organic TE materials with enhanced energy conversion efficiencies. The current study demonstrates the potential to develop light-weight, low-cost, and flexible TE materials for green energy generation.

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26

Zhao, Li, Fei Qiang, Shou-Wei Dai, et al. "Construction of sandwich-like porous structure of graphene-coated foam composites for ultrasensitive and flexible pressure sensors." Nanoscale 11, no. 21 (2019): 10229–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9nr02672j.

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27

RAMALINGAM, R. J., H. AL-LOHEDAN, A. M. TAWFIK, G. PERIYASAMY, and M. R. MUTHUMAREESWARAN. "SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MoS2 –GRAPENE OXIDE ON Ni-Co-MnO2 NANOFIBER LIKE BINARY COMPOSITE FOR NICKEL FOAM BASED FLEXIBLE ELECTRODE FABRICATION." Chalcogenide Letters 17, no. 8 (2020): 423–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.15251/cl.2020.178.423.

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Nickel/cobalt co-doped porous manganese oxide(MnOx) is fabricated by feasible nonionic surfactant route followed by precipitation heat treatment method. The as prepared metal ion modified manganese oxide further impregnated via reducing graphene oxide and MoS2 nanoparticles by ultra-sonication assisted deposition method. The as prepared binary nanocomposite is characterized by XRD and HR-TEM for crystalline phase formation analysis and structure morphology determination. Binder free flexible electrode fabrication on nickel foam using MoS2/graphene modified Ni-Co-MnO2 have also been studied and it shows higher super capacitor performance like 1190 F/g in aqueous acidic conditions.

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28

Wang, Jing, Wanqi Zhang, Qing Yin, Biao Yin, and Hongbing Jia. "Highly sensitive and flexible strain sensors based on natural rubber/graphene foam composites: the role of pore sizes of graphene foam." Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics 31, no. 1 (2019): 125–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10854-019-01698-y.

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29

Raagulan, Kanthasamy, Ramanaskanda Braveenth, Hee Jang, et al. "Electromagnetic Shielding by MXene-Graphene-PVDF Composite with Hydrophobic, Lightweight and Flexible Graphene Coated Fabric." Materials 11, no. 10 (2018): 1803. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11101803.

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MXene and graphene based thin, flexible and low-density composite were prepared by cost effective spray coating and solvent casting method. The fabricated composite was characterized using Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). The prepared composites showed hydrophobic nature with higher contact angle of 126°, −43 mN·m−1 wetting energy, −116 mN·m−1 spreading Coefficient and 30 mN·m−1 lowest work of adhesion. The composites displayed excellent conductivity of 13.68 S·cm−1 with 3.1 Ω·sq−1 lowest sheet resistance. All the composites showed an outstanding thermal stability and constrain highest weight lost until 400 °C. The MXene-graphene foam exhibited excellent EMI shielding of 53.8 dB (99.999%) with reflection of 13.10 dB and absorption of 43.38 dB in 8–12.4 GHz. The single coated carbon fabric displayed outstanding absolute shielding effectiveness of 35,369.82 dB·cm2·g−1. The above results lead perspective applications such as aeronautics, radars, air travels, mobile phones, handy electronics and military applications.

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30

Chen, Zongping, Chuan Xu, Chaoqun Ma, Wencai Ren, and Hui-Ming Cheng. "Lightweight and Flexible Graphene Foam Composites for High-Performance Electromagnetic Interference Shielding." Advanced Materials 25, no. 9 (2013): 1296–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.201204196.

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31

Si, Peng, Xiao-Chen Dong, Peng Chen, and Dong-Hwan Kim. "A hierarchically structured composite of Mn3O4/3D graphene foam for flexible nonenzymatic biosensors." J. Mater. Chem. B 1, no. 1 (2013): 110–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2tb00073c.

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32

Qin, Yuyang, Qingyu Peng, Yujie Ding, et al. "Lightweight, Superelastic, and Mechanically Flexible Graphene/Polyimide Nanocomposite Foam for Strain Sensor Application." ACS Nano 9, no. 9 (2015): 8933–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5b02781.

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33

Yang, Jiayi, Yusheng Ye, Xiaoping Li, Xiaozhou Lü, and Renjie Chen. "Flexible, conductive, and highly pressure-sensitive graphene-polyimide foam for pressure sensor application." Composites Science and Technology 164 (August 2018): 187–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2018.05.044.

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34

Zhu, Shoupu, Qing Cheng, Congcong Yu, et al. "Flexible Fe3O4/graphene foam/poly dimethylsiloxane composite for high-performance electromagnetic interference shielding." Composites Science and Technology 189 (March 2020): 108012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2020.108012.

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35

Park, Heun, Jung Wook Kim, Soo Yeong Hong, et al. "Microporous Polypyrrole-Coated Graphene Foam for High-Performance Multifunctional Sensors and Flexible Supercapacitors." Advanced Functional Materials 28, no. 33 (2018): 1707013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201707013.

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36

Zhao, Yun-Hong, Ya-Fei Zhang, and Shu-Lin Bai. "High thermal conductivity of flexible polymer composites due to synergistic effect of multilayer graphene flakes and graphene foam." Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 85 (June 2016): 148–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2016.03.021.

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37

Li, Zhenhui, Ke Xu, and Yusheng Pan. "Recent development of Supercapacitor Electrode Based on Carbon Materials." Nanotechnology Reviews 8, no. 1 (2019): 35–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ntrev-2019-0004.

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Abstract Supercapacitor has gained significant attention due to its fast charging/discharging speed, high power density and long-term cycling stability in contrast to traditional batteries. In this review, state-of-the-art achievements on supercapacitor electrode based on carbon materials is summarized. In all-carbon composite materials part, various carbon materials including graphene, carbon nanotube, carbon foam and carbon cloth are composited to fabricate larger specific surface area and higher electrical conductivity electrodes. However, obstacles of low power density as well as low cycling life still remain to be addressed. In metal-oxide composites part, carbon nanotube, graphene, carbon fiber fabric and hollow carbon nanofibers combine with MnO2 respectively, which significantly address drawbacks of all-carbon material electrodes. Additionally, TiO2 is incorporated into graphene electrode to overcome the low mechanical flexibility of graphene. In organic active compounds part, conducting polymers are employed to combinate with carbon materials to fabricate high specific capacitance, long-term thermal stability and outstanding electroconductivity flexible textile supercapacitors. In each part, innovation, fabrication process and performance of the resulting composites are demonstrated. Finally, future directions that could enhance the performance of supercapacitors are discussed.

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38

Liu, Yuhao, Minglei Hu, Min Zhang, Lang Peng, Helin Wei, and Yihua Gao. "Facile method to prepare 3D foam-like MnO2 film/multilayer graphene film/Ni foam hybrid structure for flexible supercapacitors." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 696 (March 2017): 1159–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.12.097.

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39

Sha, Baolin, Xiaozhou Lü, and La Jiang. "High Sensitivity and Wide Range Biomimetic Tactile-Pressure Sensor Based on 2D Graphene Film and 3D Graphene Foam." Micromachines 13, no. 7 (2022): 1150. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13071150.

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Bionic electronic skin is a system that simulates human skin and has multiple perceptions. For pressure sensors, high measurement accuracy and wide measurement range restrict each other, and it is difficult to achieve high measurement accuracy and wide measurement range simultaneously. Therefore, the research and application of bionic tactile-pressure sensors are limited due to the mutual constraints of measurement accuracy and range. In this work, a flexible graphene piezoresistive tactile sensor based on a biomimetic structure that utilizes the piezoresistive properties of graphene was reported. The novel tactile-pressure sensor consists of a 2D graphene film tactile sensor and a 3D graphene foam pressure sensor that could achieve high accuracy and a wide-range measurement simultaneously. The testing results show that the measurement range of this sensor was in two intervals of 0–2 N and 2–40 N. For the 0–2 N measurement range, the sensitivity was 472.2 Ω/kPa, the force resolution was 0.01 N, and the response time was less than 40 ms. For the 2–40 N measurement range, the sensitivity was 5.05 kΩ/kPa, the force resolution was 1 N, and the response time was less than 20 ms. The new sensor can realize high-precision and large-scale force measurements and shows great application value in the field of medical instruments and artificial limbs.

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40

Kim, Yeon Jae, Hoe Jin Kang, Charles Travis Moerk, Byong-Taek Lee, Jong Seob Choi, and Jin-Heong Yim. "Flexible, biocompatible, and electroconductive Polyurethane foam composites coated with graphene oxide for ammonia detection." Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 344 (October 2021): 130269. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2021.130269.

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41

Han, Meikang, Xiaowei Yin, Zexin Hou, et al. "Flexible and Thermostable Graphene/SiC Nanowire Foam Composites with Tunable Electromagnetic Wave Absorption Properties." ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 9, no. 13 (2017): 11803–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.7b00951.

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42

Sun, Hang, Ping She, Kongliang Xu, Yinxing Shang, Shengyan Yin, and Zhenning Liu. "A self-standing nanocomposite foam of polyaniline@reduced graphene oxide for flexible super-capacitors." Synthetic Metals 209 (November 2015): 68–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.synthmet.2015.07.001.

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43

Nautiyal, Pranjal, Mubarak Mujawar, Benjamin Boesl, and Arvind Agarwal. "In-situ mechanics of 3D graphene foam based ultra-stiff and flexible metallic metamaterial." Carbon 137 (October 2018): 502–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2018.05.063.

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44

Wang, Hanyu, Gongming Wang, Yichuan Ling, et al. "High power density microbial fuel cell with flexible 3D graphene–nickel foam as anode." Nanoscale 5, no. 21 (2013): 10283. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3nr03487a.

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Zhu, Yucan, Xingke Ye, Zhonghua Tang, Zhongquan Wan, and Chunyang Jia. "Free-standing graphene films prepared via foam film method for great capacitive flexible supercapacitors." Applied Surface Science 422 (November 2017): 975–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.06.074.

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Zhang, Bohan, Cheng Zhang, Yuchao Wang, et al. "Flexible Anti-Metal RFID Tag Antenna Based on High-Conductivity Graphene Assembly Film." Sensors 21, no. 4 (2021): 1513. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21041513.

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We propose a flexible anti-metal radio frequency identification (RFID) tag antenna based on a high-conductivity graphene assembly film (HCGAF). The HCGAF has a conductivity of 1.82 × 106 S m−1, a sheet resistance of 25 mΩ and a thickness of 22 μm. The HCGAF is endowed with high conductivity comparable to metal materials and superb flexibility, which is suitable for making antennas for microwave frequencies. Through proper structural design, parameter optimization, semiautomatic manufacturing and experimental measurements, an HCGAF antenna could realize a realized gain of –7.3 dBi and a radiation efficiency of 80%, and the tag could achieve a 6.4 m read range at 915 MHz on a 20 × 20 cm2 flat copper plate. In the meantime, by utilizing flexible polyethylene (PE) foam, good conformality was obtained. The read ranges of the tags attached to curved copper plates with different bending radii were measured, as well as those of those attached to several daily objects. All the results demonstrate the excellent performance of the design, which is highly favorable for practical RFID anti-metal applications.

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Samson, Elendu Ekwueme, Eris Elianddy Supeni, Mohd Khairol Anuar Mohd Arffin, Suhadi Shafie, and Muhammad Ishaq. "SYNTHESIS OF NICO-BIMETALLIC NITRIDE/GRAPHENE OXIDE/TI3C2 MXENE HYBRID ELECTRODE FOR SUPERCAPACITORS." International Journal of Modern Manufacturing Technologies 17, no. 1 (2025): 170–78. https://doi.org/10.54684/ijmmt.2025.17.1.170.

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It is becoming more widely acknowledged that energy storage technologies are essential to achieving sustainable development objectives. Effective energy storage technologies are essential for improving grid stability, permitting greater integration of renewable energy, and lowering dependency on fossil fuels as international efforts to slow down climate change and switch to renewable energy sources increase. By addressing intermittency issues and facilitating the efficient utilization of renewable resources such as solar and wind power, advancements in energy storage contribute significantly to building resilient, low-carbon energy systems essential for sustainable development. The goal of this work is to improve the specific capacitance, rate capability, and cycling stability of supercapacitors by synthesizing and characterizing a novel hybrid electrode material made of reduced graphene oxide, bimetallic NiCo-nitride, and Ti3C2 MXene. The two-step synthesis technique created a bimetallic NiCo-nitride/reduced graphene oxide/Ti3C2 MXene hybrid from NiCo-layered double hydroxide (LTHs) on a flexible nickel foam substrate (named NCN@rGO/Ti3C2/NF). First, NC-LDH@rGO/Ti3C2/NF nanosheets were grown hydrothermally in situ on the nickel foam surface. This was followed by thermal annealing in an NH3 environment at temperatures between 300 and 500°C. Based on electrochemical measurements, the NCN@rGO/Ti3C2/NF hybrid electrode annealed at 500°C (NCN@rGO/Ti3C2/NF-500) showed exceptional cycling stability of 93.8% after 3500 cycles and excellent rate capability of 92.2% at 20 Ag-1. Its specific capacitance reached 1032.71 Fg-1 at 0.5 Ag-1.

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Suriyaprakash, Jagadeesh, Yang Huang, Zhifei Hu, et al. "Laser Scribing Turns Plastic Waste into a Biosensor via the Restructuration of Nanocarbon Composites for Noninvasive Dopamine Detection." Biosensors 13, no. 8 (2023): 810. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios13080810.

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The development of affordable and compact noninvasive point-of-care (POC) dopamine biosensors for the next generation is currently a major and challenging problem. In this context, a highly sensitive, selective, and low-cost sensing probe is developed by a simple one-step laser-scribing process of plastic waste. A flexible POC device is developed as a prototype and shows a highly specific response to dopamine in the real sample (urine) as low as 100 pmol/L in a broad linear range of 10−10–10−4 mol/L. The 3D topological feature, carrier kinetics, and surface chemistry are found to improve with the formation of high-density metal-embedded graphene-foam composite driven by laser irradiation on the plastic-waste surface. The development of various kinds of flexible and tunable biosensors by plastic waste is now possible thanks to the success of this simple, but effective, laser-scribing technique, which is capable of modifying the matrix’s electronic and chemical composition.

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Guo, Yufei, Jianpo Su, Han Yang, Fengling Gu, Yonghai Song, and Yongmei Zhu. "Flexible foam carbon/graphene oxide/Schiff base polymer-derived carbon/polyaniline for high-performance supercapacitor." Ionics 27, no. 6 (2021): 2639–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11581-021-04032-x.

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Liu, Jilei, Lili Zhang, Hao Bin Wu, Jianyi Lin, Zexiang Shen, and Xiong Wen (David) Lou. "High-performance flexible asymmetric supercapacitors based on a new graphene foam/carbon nanotube hybrid film." Energy Environ. Sci. 7, no. 11 (2014): 3709–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ee01475h.

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